DOCSLIB.ORG

Intoaction 4 Making the City of Beira More Resilient Against Floods And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Intoaction 4 Making the City of Beira More Resilient Against Floods And September 2013 IntoAction 4 2012 RISK Award Making the city of Beira resilient to floods and cyclones People-centered early warning Edited by Christian Barthelt in the urban context and Thomas Loster Published by the IntoAction 4 / Beira Page 2 Contents Overview – Beira project 3 About the RISK Award 3 Why is there a need for action Duration 3 Guiding principles August 2012 – March 2013 4 The RISK Award partners 5 RISK Award 2012 Continuation “Early warning in urban areas” The project was part of a national 5 Thirty-eight applications from scheme initiated by the GIZ Mozambique all over the world 6 Members of the RISK Award jury and the National Institute of Disaster 7 RISK Award goes to the city of Beira, Management, INGC. The town of Beira Mozambique was also directly involved. This ensures 8 Natural disasters in Mozambique 2000–2013 the continued and sustainable operation and expansion of the flood- 9 The city of Beira 9 Poor people developing greater warning system. resilience to floods 10 The vulnerable poor suffer the most Project management 10 Partnerships for disaster risk reduction Munich Re Foundation: 11 Project areas in Beira Christian Barthelt, Thomas Loster 12 Why people-centred early warning is important On site 13 The technical system – Martin Becher, Camille Laude, Schematic diagram 14 Preparation IP Consult / AMBERO 16 Official legitimation 18 Practical application – emergency training 20 Lessons learned 20 Conclusion 21 Excursus: The Buzi model – Early warning in rural areas 22 Three questions put to João Ribeiro, INGC Director in Mozambique 23 Facts on Beira 24 Project partners and references IntoAction 4 / Beira Page 3 About the RISK Award Guiding principles Why is there a need for action? The risks posed by population development, We draw attention to the fact that risk environmental and climate change are increasing. and disasters threaten development and security. The resilience of people and Complex technical systems and infrastructures communities must be improved and are additional risk factors. The RISK Award partners disaster risk management (DRM) must recognise the need to address this development. become a major global concern. We hold recent disasters, such as the floods We underline the fact that the world’s across Germany (2013), Hurricane Sandy (2012), growing population combined with expanding urbanisation and the exposure the earthquake and tsunami in Japan (2011), of people and values to risk has aggravated the earthquake in Haiti (January 2010), the floods the risk potential for communities and in Pakistan (2012, 2010) and in Australia (January nations. Climate change is exacerbating the risk situation. 2011), the heat wave and wildfires in Russia (2010), to be indicative of the increasing devastation We believe that in order to support preven- tion, intervention and fast recovery from and variety of disasters the world is facing today. unexpected events, it is crucial to promote The RISK Award has been set up to help improve projects and programmes in the field of risk reduction and disaster management by Risk Reduction and Disaster Management along the guidelines of the Hyogo Frame- providing financial support to projects dedicated work for Action strategy. to this topic. We know that a key is to be found in the communities themselves. Local knowledge and coping strategies must be included in prevention strategies. Gaps must be identified. Knowledge must be communi- cated and blue print examples of successful prevention must be multiplied and scaled up. In addition to this bottom-up approach, global strategies and frameworks such as the Hyogo Framework for Action are also needed (top-down). The RISK Award is conferred in partnership with UNISDR and the GRF Davos. The photo- graph shows the presentation of the winning project “Beira” during the closing ceremony of the 4th Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in Geneva in May 2013. IntoAction 4 / Beira Page 4 The RISK Award partners UN International Strategy Global Risk Forum Davos (GRF) Munich Re Foundation (MRF) for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) The GRF Davos Foundation aims The Munich Re Foundation is an ISDR is a strategic framework to bridge the gaps between science, independent, non-profit organisation adopted by United Nations Member administration, the private sector, founded by Munich Re in 2000. States in 2000 and is aimed at risk-management professionals People are ultimately at the core guiding and coordinating the and the public in regard to risk of what the foundation’s work is all efforts of a wide range of partners reduction, disaster management, about. The foundation’s task is to to substantially reduce disaster and climate change mitigation and prepare people for the risks they are losses and build resilient nations adaptation. GRF Davos is the organ- exposed to and to minimise these and communities as a fundamental iser of the International Disaster risks wherever possible. It clarifies condition for sustainable develop- and Risk Conference (IDRC). IDRC issues and provides support, also in ment. UNISDR is the secretariat is a global gathering of experts on developing countries. In dialogue of the ISDR system. It comprises risk reduction, disaster management with partners worldwide, Munich Re numerous organisations, states, and climate change adaptation Foundation stimulates ideas and intergovernmental and non-govern- and is held as a biennial conference creates perspectives. mental organisations, financial in Davos, Switzerland. institutions, technical bodies and civil societies working together and sharing information to reduce disaster risk. Prize and awarding ceremonies Dominican Republic and Cuba Reduce risks through science and society The RISK Award, endowed with Caritas Germany, Caribbean up to € 100, 000 in prize money, is assigned to operational projects in the field of risk reduction and disaster risk management. The first prize was announced on 13 May 2011 at the 3rd Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction organised by UNISDR in Geneva. The prize was awarded on 26 August 2012 at the 4th International Disaster and Risk Conference (IDRC) organised by GRF in Davos. Brazil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Civil Defense of the City of Community alarm and alert system IntoAction 4 / Beira RISK Award 2012 “Early warning in urban areas” Thirty-eight applications from all over the world In view of the increasing settlement of exposed areas on a global scale, the first RISK Award focused on early warning in urban areas in keeping with the long-standing UNISDR campaign, “Making my city resilient”. A jury chose the winning proposal. There were 38 applications from countries and cities all over the world including Singapore, Accra (Ghana), Yerevan (Armenia), Manila (Philip pines), Aquino (Haiti), Chennai (India), Teheran (Iran), Rio (Brazil) and Lagos (Nigeria). The topics covered in the various DRM proposals were moreover rich in variety and addressed a wide diversity of natural hazards and capacity building efforts. Page 5 - The map shows the ten best project proposals for the 2012 RISK Award. They were selected by the international jury and received an honorary certificate. The project topics also reflect the diversity of the proposals submitted. Ghana Early flood warning in Accra OXFAM GB, Ghana Bangladesh Prepare people for cold waves Center for Participatory Research and Development-CPRD, Bangladesh Vietnam and Bangladesh People-centric early warning system for hydro-meteorological risks Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, Vietnam Mozambique Making the city of Beira resilient to floods and cyclones Vietnam Association IP Consult / Warning systems at community AMBERO Consulting, Mozambique Sri Lanka level in Danang city Tsunami risk assessment for early warning Committee for Flood and Storm Control — Department of Civil Engineering Search and Rescue of Danang city, Vietnam University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka Indonesia Philippines Development of warning system Social media alert response training models for multiple risks Lyon Associates, Inc., Philippines KOGAMI, Indonesia IntoAction 4 / Beira Page 6 Members of the RISK Award jury Walter Ammann David Cadman Anisya Thomas Fritz Thomas R. Loster is the founder and president is the president of ICLEI and a is a cofounder of the Fritz a geographer, was a member of GRF Davos, a foundation former Vancouver City councillor. Institute where she served as of the GeoRisk Research focused on risk reduction, David was the Vancouver City Managing Director from its Group at Munich Reinsurance disaster management, resilience councillor for three terms. He inception in 2001 until July 2007. Company, Munich, the world’s increase, sustainable develop- was first elected in 2002 and During her tenure, Fritz Institute leading reinsurance company, ment and climate change, organ- re-elected in 2005 and 2008. He developed the award-winning for 16 years. He was in charge of iser of the biennial IDRC Confer- served for six years as a coun- Humanitarian Logistics Software issues relating to weather perils, ence in Davos and director of cillor with COPE, the Coalition of (HLS) and its successor HELIOS, climate change and climate the GRF Risk Academy, an Progressive Electors. He has also launched the sector-wide Certifi- policy. Mr. Loster was appointed institution offering knowledge served at national and interna- cation in Humanitarian Logistics chairman of the Munich Re management, R&D and con- tional level in the United Nations (CHL) and spearheaded the Foundation in July 2004. The tinuous
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Disasters, Climate Change and Human Mobility in Southern Africa: Consultation on the Draft Protection Agenda
    DISASTERS, CLIMATE CHANGE AND HUMAN MOBILITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: CONSULTATION ON THE DRAFT PROTECTION AGENDA BACKGROUND PAPER South Africa Regional Consultation in cooperation with the Development and Rule of Law Programme (DROP) at Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch, South Africa, 4-5 June 2015 DISASTERS CLIMATE CHANGE AND DISPLACEMENT EVIDENCE FOR ACTION NORWEGIAN NRC REFUGEE COUNCIL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Southern Africa Consultation will be hosted by the Development and Rule of Law Programme (DROP) at Stellenbosch University in South Africa and co-organized in partnership with the Nansen Initiative Secretariat and the Norwegian Refugee Council. The project is funded by the European Union with the support of Norway and Switzerland Federal Department of Foreign Aairs FDFA CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................6 1.1 Background to the Nansen Initiative Southern Africa Consultation ...............................................................................7 1.2 Objectives of the Southern Africa Consultation ............................................................................................................7 2. OVERVIEW OF DISASTERS AND HUMAN MOBILITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA ..............................................................9 2.1 Natural Hazards and Climate Change in Southern Africa ............................................................................................10 2.2 Challenge
    [Show full text]
  • Observation and a Numerical Study of Gravity Waves During Tropical Cyclone Ivan (2008)
    Open Access Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 641–658, 2014 Atmospheric www.atmos-chem-phys.net/14/641/2014/ doi:10.5194/acp-14-641-2014 Chemistry © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. and Physics Observation and a numerical study of gravity waves during tropical cyclone Ivan (2008) F. Chane Ming1, C. Ibrahim1, C. Barthe1, S. Jolivet2, P. Keckhut3, Y.-A. Liou4, and Y. Kuleshov5,6 1Université de la Réunion, Laboratoire de l’Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105, CNRS-Météo France-Université, La Réunion, France 2Singapore Delft Water Alliance, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 3Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, UMR8190, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Université Versailles-Saint Quentin, Guyancourt, France 4Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, Chung-Li 3200, Taiwan 5National Climate Centre, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia 6School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, Australia Correspondence to: F. Chane Ming ([email protected]) Received: 3 December 2012 – Published in Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss.: 24 April 2013 Revised: 21 November 2013 – Accepted: 2 December 2013 – Published: 22 January 2014 Abstract. Gravity waves (GWs) with horizontal wavelengths ber 1 vortex Rossby wave is suggested as a source of domi- of 32–2000 km are investigated during tropical cyclone (TC) nant inertia GW with horizontal wavelengths of 400–800 km, Ivan (2008) in the southwest Indian Ocean in the upper tropo- while shorter scale modes (100–200 km) located at northeast sphere (UT) and the lower stratosphere (LS) using observa- and southeast of the TC could be attributed to strong local- tional data sets, radiosonde and GPS radio occultation data, ized convection in spiral bands resulting from wave number 2 ECMWF analyses and simulations of the French numerical vortex Rossby waves.
    [Show full text]
  • Mozambique Fieldwork Report
    Strategic Research into National and Local Capacity Building for DRM Mozambique Fieldwork Report Roger Few, Zoë Scott, Kelly Wooster, Mireille Flores Avila, Marcela Tarazona, Antonio Queface and Alberto Mavume. June 2015 Mozambique Fieldwork Report Acknowledgements The OPM Research Team would like to express sincere thanks to Roberto White from GFDRR Mozambique, Joao Ribeiro from INGC and Wild do Rosário from UN-Habitat for sharing their time and resources. We would also like to thank Joczabet Guerrero and Konstanze Kamojer for their invaluable advice and guidance in relation to the GIZ PRO-GRC project. Finally, we would like to thank all those interviewees and workshop attendees who freely gave their time, expert opinion and enthusiasm, and to Antonio Beleza who assisted the team during the fieldwork. This assessment is being carried out by Oxford Policy Management and the University of East Anglia. The Project Manager is Zoë Scott and the Research Director is Roger Few. For further information contact [email protected] Oxford Policy Management Limited 6 St Aldates Courtyard Tel +44 (0) 1865 207 300 38 St Aldates Fax +44 (0) 1865 207 301 Oxford OX1 1BN Email [email protected] Registered in England: 3122495 United Kingdom Website www.opml.co.uk © Oxford Policy Management i Mozambique Fieldwork Report Table of Contents Acknowledgements i List of Boxes and Tables 3 List of Abbreviations 4 1 Introduction and methodology 7 1.1 Introduction to the research 7 1.2 Methodology 8 1.2.1 Data collection tools 9 1.2.2 Case study procedure 10 1.2.3
    [Show full text]
  • Daily Sun Article
    South African Weather Service Watching the Weather to Protect Life and Property Strong winds and other kinds of rough weather can destroy WHOWHO WE WE ARE ARE houses and lives . THE South African Weather Service is the advanced equipment that aids us in the national provider of weather and climate-re- monitoring and prediction of weather pat- lated information. terns and the collection of climatic-related The past 10 years has seen an increase in information. weather-related natural disasters that have Our improved national weather observa- affected the lives of local communities. tion network has resulted in more accurate The deaths, injuries and damage to prop- weather and climate information, that helps erty caused have hampered sustainable de- us to provide bad weather early warning sys- velopment in both urban and rural commu- tems to the Republic of South Africa. nities, and we play an important role in The South African Weather Service is at helping the South African government to the forefront of providing weather and cli- lessen the effects of weather-related natural mate information in South Africa and we are disasters. confident that the years ahead will see even As an organisation, we are committed to more measures being developed to help pro- reducing the impact of these disasters by in- tect the South African public and keep vesting in the latest and most technologically weather related damage to a minimum. CELEBRATE WORLD METEOROLOGICAL DAY EACH year, on 23 March, the World Meteoro- a specialised agency of the United Nations. resulting distribution of water resources. community to see that that important weather logical Organisation (WMO) – a United Nations The theme for World Meteorological Day South Africa is represented at WMO by the and climate information is available and accessi- organisationwith189members–andtheworld- 2013 is “Watching the Weather to Protect Life CEO of the South African Weather Service ble for global programmes.
    [Show full text]
  • Université D Faculté Des Lettres Départemen
    UNIVERSITÉ D’ANTANANARIVO FACULTÉ DES LETTRES ET SCIENCES HUMAINES DÉPARTEMENT DE GÉOGRAPHIE Filière Spécialisée en Environnement et Aménagement du Territoire (F.S.E.A.T) MÉMOIRE POUR L’OBTENTION DU DIPLÔME DE MAITRISE « VULNERABILITE DE LA VILLE COTIERE FACE AUX CYCLONES : CAS DE LA COMMUNE URBAINE D’ANTALAHA REGION SAVA » Présenté par : BE MELSON Evrald Angelo Sous la direction de : Madame Simone RATSIVALAKA, Professeur Titulaire au Département de Géographie Date de soutenance : 1O Octobre 2014 Octobre 2014 UNIVERSITÉ D’ANTANANARIVO FACULTÉ DES LETTRES ET SCIENCES HUMAINES DÉPARTEMENT DE GÉOGRAPHIE Filière Spécialisée en Environnement et Aménagement du Territoire (F.S.E.A.T) MÉMOIRE POUR L’OBTENTION DU DIPLÔME DE MAITRISE « VULNERABILITE DE LA VILLE COTIERE FACE AUX CYCLONES : CAS DE LA COMMUNE URBAINE D’ANTALAHA REGION SAVA » Présenté par : BE MELSON Evrald Angelo Président du jury : James RAVALISON, Professeur Rapporteur : Simone RATSIVALAKA, Professeur Titulaire Juge : Mparany ANDRIAMIHAMINA, Maitre de conférences Octobre 2014 REMERCIEMENTS Ce mémoire de Maitrise n’aurait pas été ce qu’il est aujourd’hui, sans le concours de plusieurs personnes, à qui nous aimerons témoigner notre plus profonde reconnaissance. Tout d’abord, nous remercions de tout profond de notre cœur le Dieu Tout Puissant de nous avoir donné encore la vie et l’opportunité d’avoir pu mener à terme ce travail de recherche. Aussi, Monsieur James RAVALISON, Professeur pour avoir accepté de présider notre soutenance ; Monsieur Mparany ANDRIAMIHAMINA, Maître de conférences pour avoir accepté de juger notre soutenance ; Madame Simone RATSIVALAKA, notre Directeur de mémoire pour sa constante dévotion à notre travail malgré ses multiples occupations.
    [Show full text]
  • Geospatial Analysis of Rain Fields and Associated Environmental Conditions for Cyclones Eline and Hudah
    Article Geospatial Analysis of Rain Fields and Associated Environmental Conditions for Cyclones Eline and Hudah Corene J. Matyas and Sarah VanSchoick * Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; matyas@ufl.edu * Correspondence: sm.vanschoick@ufl.edu; Tel.: +1-3523-920-494 Abstract: Tropical cyclones (TCs) that landfall over Madagascar and Mozambique can cause flooding that endangers lives. To better understand how environmental conditions affect the rain fields of these TCs, this study utilized spatial metrics to analyze two storms taking similar paths two months apart. Using a geographic information system, rain rates of 1 mm/h were extracted from a satellite- based dataset and contoured to define the rain field edge. Average extent of rainfall was measured for each quadrant and asymmetry was calculated along with rain field area, dispersion, closure, and solidity. Environmental conditions and storm intensity were analyzed every six hours. Results indicate that although both TCs intensified prior to first interaction with land, stronger vertical wind shear experienced by Eline was associated with higher asymmetry and dispersion. Additionally, rain fields were less solid although the center was mostly enclosed by rain. Storm shape was altered as both storms tracked over Madagascar, with Hudah recovering more quickly. Moisture increased for both storms and shear decreased for Eline, allowing it to become more centered and solid, and grow larger. Relationships between intensity, land interaction, and rain field shape support the results of previous research and demonstrate the global utility of these metrics. Keywords: GIS; spatial analysis; tropical cyclones; rain fields Citation: Matyas, C.J.; VanSchoick, S.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Droughts and Floods
    Compiled by th entre fo ev 10 ment Research Sou ern Africa for the Division of Early Warning an AT-IONS ENVIRON E United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Division of Early Warning and Assessment (DEWA) UNEP Complex, Gigiri, Nairobi P.O. Box 30552, 00100, Kenya Tel: +254-20-7623785 Fax: + 254 -20- 7624309 Web: http://www.unep.org © UNEP, SARDC, 2009 ISB 978-92-807-2835-4 Information in this publication can be reproduced, used and shared, with full acknowledgement of the eo-publishers, SARDC and UNEP. Citation: CEDRISA, Droughts and Floods in Southern Africa: Environmental Change and Human Vulnerability, UNEP and SARDC, 2009 Cover and Text Design SARDC: Paul Wade and Tonely Ngwenya Print Coordination: DS Print Media, Johannesburg 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS 3 List of Tables, Boxes, Graphs, Maps and Figures 4 ACKNOWLEDG EM ENTS 5 ACRONYMS 7 INTRODUCTION 9 Water Resources in Southern Africa 9 DROUGHTS AND FLOODS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA 13 Factors that Exacerbate Droughts and Floods 13 THE 2000-2003 DROUGHTS AND FLOODS 17 Malawi 17 Mozambique " 18 Swaziland 21 Zambia 23 Zimbabwe 25 IM PACT OF DROUGHTS AND FLOODS 31 Droughts 31 Floods 35 NATIONAL RESPONSES TO DROUGHTS AND FLOODS 39 Dealing with Droughts 39 Dealing with Floods 41 National, Regional and International Obligations 44 REFERENCES 47 3 List of Tables Table I Rainfall and Evaporation Statistics of some SADC Countries 10 Table 2 Mean Annual Runoff of Selected River Basins in Southern Africa 10 Table 3 Impact of Selected 2000-2003 Floods on Malawi's Socio-Economy 18 Table 4 Flood Incidences in
    [Show full text]
  • Agromet Update Issue 04
    Food Security Early Warning System Agromet Update 2011/2012 Agricultural Season Issue 05 Month: January Season: 2011-2012 Release date: 21-02-2012 Highlights • Tropical cyclones, depressions and torrential rains result in flooding in several countries in the eastern parts of the region, including Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, and South Africa • Dryness negatively affects Vuli season in northern Tanzania Regional Summary Rainfall was generally below normal in many parts of the region in the month of January and in early February. Although slightly below normal (yellow colours, Figure 1) in most areas, some areas including northern Tanzania, southern Mozambique, southern Zimbabwe, and eastern Botswana received significantly below normal rains. The dryness in northern Tanzania has reportedly affected the bimodal crops. Tropical Storm Dando brought heavy rainfall and flooding that affected southern Mozambique and northern South Africa in mid-January. This was followed by dryness in the next two dekads, which would potentially allow the flood waters to recede. Shortly after, northern Mozambique and Madagascar were affected by Tropical Cyclone Funso, resulting in Figure 1. Rainfall for 1 Jan – 10 Feb 2012 as percent of average extensive flooding in some areas. Southern Malawi was also affected by flooding due to continuous heavy rains that were received since late January. The Malawi Department of Disaster Management Affairs indicated that over 5,000 households have been affected by flooding so far this season, and some cropped area had been lost. In Mozambique, a multi-sectoral assessment in February estimated that almost 33,500 households had been affected by the flooding, and Mozambique’s Ministry of Agriculture indicated that 123,000 ha of planted area had been affected, of which 6000 ha were completely lost.
    [Show full text]
  • Malawi 10-Day Rainfall & Agrometeorological Bulletin
    Malawi 10-Day Rainfall & Agrometeorological Bulletin Department of Climate Change and Meteorological Services Period: 21 – 31 January 2012 Season: 2011/2012 Issue No.12 Release date: 3rd February 2012 HIGHLIGHTS • Above average rains recorded in the south and light to moderate elsewhere… • Heavy floods wreck houses, crops and livestock in lower Shire districts… • Widespread rains are expected over Malawi during first ten days of February 2012… All inquiries should be addressed to: The Director of Climate Change and Meteorological Services, P.O. Box 1808, Blantyre, MALAWI Tel: (265) 1 822 014/106 Fax: (265) 1 822 215 E-mail: [email protected] Homepage: www.metmalawi.com Period: 21 – 31 January 2012 Season: 2011/12 Issue No 12 1.1 RAINFALL SITUATION relative humidity values ranged from 69% at Karonga to 87% at Makoka in Zomba. More details are on the During the last ten days of January 2012, shallow Congo Table 2. Air mass caused light and below average rainfall (yellow and brown colours on Map 1) along the lakeshore and 1.6 MEAN SUNSHINE HOURS other areas of central and northern Malawi while Tropical cyclone FUNSO in Mozambique Channel Malawi experienced cloudy to overcast skies during the caused torrential rains particularly over the catchment period under review. Reports from sampled stations area of Shire River in southern Malawi, triggering indicate that daily average sunshine hours ranged from 1.1 flooding downstream hours of bright sunshine at Bvumbwe to 4.6 hours at in the lower Shire Mzimba Met station. districts of Chikhwawa and Nsanje during the 2. AGROMETEOROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT first half of the period under review.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Gravity-Waves Produced by Intense Tropical Cyclones
    Ann. Geophys., 28, 531–547, 2010 www.ann-geophys.net/28/531/2010/ Annales © Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under Geophysicae the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Analysis of gravity-waves produced by intense tropical cyclones F. Chane Ming1, Z. Chen2, and F. Roux3 1Laboratoire de l’Atmosphere` et des Cyclones, UMR 8105, CNRS-Met´ eo-France,´ Universite´ de la Reunion,´ La Reunion,´ France 2Institute of Atmospheric Physics – Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3Laboratoire d’Aerologie,´ UMR CNRS – Universite´ Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Received: 19 June 2009 – Revised: 27 January 2010 – Accepted: 31 January 2010 – Published: 15 February 2010 Abstract. Conventional and wavelet methods are combined sphere (Sato, 1993; Pfister et al., 1993; Danielsen, 1993; to characterize gravity-waves (GWs) produced by two in- Dhaka et al., 2003; Cairo et al., 2008). Chane Ming et tense tropical cyclones (TCs) in the upper troposphere and al. (2002) showed that such GWs can be characterized using lower stratosphere (UT/LS) from GPS winsonde data. Anal- high resolution daily radiosonde data in the UT/LS within yses reveal large contribution of GWs induced by TCs to a radius of about 2000 km above the radiosonde station. For wave energy densities in the UT/LS. An increase in total instance, significant release of GW energy was observed dur- energy density of about 30% of the climatological energy ing landfalls of TC Hudah over Madagascar and Mozam- density in austral summer was estimated in the LS above bique. Observations of GWs also appear to be common in Tromelin during TC Dina.
    [Show full text]
  • Sugarcane Contract Farming with Smallholders in Xinavane, Mozambique: Neo-Colonialism Or Development Opportunity?
    Sugarcane contract farming with smallholders in Xinavane, Mozambique: Neo-colonialism or development opportunity? A case study in association management, day-to-day interactions and livelihood strategies MSc. Thesis by Ernst Sonneveld February 2012 Irrigation and Water Engineering Group i ii Sugarcane contract farming with smallholders in Xinavane, Mozambique: Neo-colonialism or development opportunity? A case study in association management, day-to-day interactions and livelihood strategies Master thesis Irrigation and Water Engineering submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Science in International Land and Water Management at Wageningen University, the Netherlands Ernst Sonneveld February 2012 Supervisors: Dr.ir. Alex Bolding Dr.ir. Gert Jan Veldwisch Irrigation and Water Engineering Group Centre for Water and Climate Wageningen University The Netherlands www.iwe.wur.nl/uk iii iv ABSTRACT Rising food prices and the demand for fossil fuel alternatives have resulted in large scale land acquisitions by foreign investors in developing countries. Especially Mozambique has become an interesting partner, given its favourable trade agreements, its cheap labour reserve and its enormous agricultural potential. As a result, colonial estates have been rehabilitated and even extended, in particular by the sugar sector. With stimulating measures from the government, the Açucareira de Xinavane, now owned by South African’s largest sugar producer is turning to contract farming as a means to involve the local population while extending their agricultural potential and increasing Mozambican’s sugar exports. Contract farming can be regarded as a way to lift the poor out of poverty by providing them with loans, infrastructural (irrigation technology) and know-how support and income security, but this does not happen unconditionally.
    [Show full text]
  • MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO Diploma Thesis
    MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Declaration I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the placing of this thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at the Masaryk University and with the access for academic purposes. Brno, 30th March 2018 …………………………………………. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. for his kind help and constant guidance throughout my work. Bc. Lukáš Opavský OPAVSKÝ, Lukáš. Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis; Diploma Thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, English Language and Literature Department, 2018. XX p. Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Annotation The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of a corpus comprising of opening sentences of articles collected from the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia. Four different quality categories from Wikipedia were chosen, from the total amount of eight, to ensure gathering of a representative sample, for each category there are fifty sentences, the total amount of the sentences altogether is, therefore, two hundred. The sentences will be analysed according to the Firabsian theory of functional sentence perspective in order to discriminate differences both between the quality categories and also within the categories.
    [Show full text]