El Testimonio De Ann Louise Bardach

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

El Testimonio De Ann Louise Bardach Progreso Semanal Nuestro mundo desde perspectivas progresistas http://progresosemanal.us El testimonio de Ann Louise Bardach Author : Archivo Progreso Date : 18 de marzo, 2011 Diario de El Paso: El testimonio de Ann Louise Bardach 17 Marzo 2011 Tomado de Cubadebate Ann Louise Bardach. Foto: Archivo de la familia BardachLouis Por José Pertierra Marzo 16, 2011. El Paso, TX.- El jurado en El Paso escuchó hoy a Luis Posada Carriles cuando asumía la responsabilidad por la cadena de bombas que estallaron en La Habana en 1997. Lo dijo a través de una grabación que le hizo la periodista del New York Times, Ann Louise Bardach, en junio de 1998 en Aruba. El fiscal Timothy J. Reardon III pidió reproducir partes de la grabación al jurado, mientras la periodista identificaba las voces y comentaba las respuestas que le brindó Posada Carriles. 1 / 9 Progreso Semanal Nuestro mundo desde perspectivas progresistas http://progresosemanal.us EL MATUTINO La mañana comenzó con las acostumbradas quejas y protestas del abogado defensor, Arturo Hernández, quien se opuso a que el jurado escuchara la grabación, a pesar de que ya había perdido esa batalla hace meses. “Las grabaciones están incompletas, no son auténticas, no se ha establecido una cadena de custodia para garantizar que esa cinta es la misma que grabó la periodista en 1998, y fue grabada sin la autorización de mi cliente”, protestó Hernández. Con un claro punto y aparte, la Jueza Kathleen Cardone le recordó a Hernández que hace meses ella había dictaminado que aceptaría como evidencia la grabación y que el jurado la podía escucharlas. EL TESTIGO RENUENTE La jueza entonces invitó a que uno de los testigos principales del caso tomara el estrado, Ann Louis Bardach. Había estado enferma. Muy enferma. Incluso debió comparecer en El Paso hace seis días, pero la Jueza Cardone postergó el caso para que se recuperara y pudiera venir a testificar. Hoy aún tenía fiebre, dijo Bardach. Cuando llegó a la sala judicial y antes de que comenzara a testificar, la saludé. Tenía las manos muy frías. Una bufanda carmelita sobresalía en su sobria vestimenta, como un escudo contra las flechas venenosas que anticipaba recibir de los abogados. Con pálido semblante y aspecto anémico, la periodista del New York Times parecía nerviosa. No había querido venir a El Paso. La fiscalía tuvo que obligarla a través de un citatorio oficial que combatió durante cinco años con abogados y el apoyo del periódico más importante de los Estados Unidos. Finalmente, perdió y no le quedó más remedio que venir a testificar. Además tuvo que traer sus notas sobre las entrevistas que le hizo a Posada Carriles, las grabaciones de esos diálogos y un cuadro pintado por el acusado, que este le regaló. 2 / 9 Progreso Semanal Nuestro mundo desde perspectivas progresistas http://progresosemanal.us Óleo que Luis Posada Carriles le regaló a la periodista Ann Louise Bardach 3 / 9 Progreso Semanal Nuestro mundo desde perspectivas progresistas http://progresosemanal.us Dedicatoria de Luis Posada Carriles en el cuadro que regaló a Bardach, y que aparece en los documentos presentados en la Corte. “Mi periodismo me ha metido en el medio de un caso con el cual no quiero nada que ver”, dijo Bardach en un artículo publicado ayer en la revista Foreign Policy. “Siempre he sido una persona que ha resguardado mi privacidad, mi familia, mi matrimonio, mi salud y mi descanso. Por eso, lo que tengo que hacer no me será placentero”, añadió. Bardach también se opone a brindar testimonio, porque piensa que la constitución ampara a los periodistas para que no tengan que obedecer citatorios judiciales sobre sus reportajes. Sin embargo, el tribunal federal discrepó con su interpretación de la Constitución de los Estados Unidos. ”Los periodistas tendrán que destruir sus materiales o arriesgarse a ser obligados a testificar contra sus fuentes”, escribió ella ayer. UN TE VERDE Para aliviar la inquietud de Ann Louise, su esposo, Bob, le alcanzó una taza de té verde hasta donde estaba sentada en el estrado. Después regresó a su asiento, junto a los miembros de la 4 / 9 Progreso Semanal Nuestro mundo desde perspectivas progresistas http://progresosemanal.us prensa y del abogado del New York Times, Tom Julen. Mientras esperábamos la entrada del jurado a la sala judicial, Bob intentaba dar fuerzas a su mujer. Alzó la cabeza desde donde estaba hasta que ella lo alcanzó con la vista. Él levantó su mano derecha enviándole un saludo con un gesto cariñoso de sus dedos, como si estuviera revolviéndole el té. Ann Louise sonrió por primera vez. ¿QUIÉN ES ANNE LOUISE BARDACH? En eso entraron los integrantes del jurado y comenzamos. ”¿Qué tipo de trabajo hace usted?”, le preguntó el fiscal Reardon. ”Soy una escritora, una autora, una reportera y una periodista”, contestó Bardach. Explicó que estudió en la Facultad de Letras de Hunter College, en New York, donde se graduó con una maestría. Aunque estudió para el doctorado ahí, especializándose en Literatura inglesa, no lo terminó. Inició su carrera periodística en la revista Vanity Fair a principios de los 80 como reportera policiaca, pero también cubría temas políticos. “No hay tanta diferencia entre el periodismo del crimen y el de la política”, le dijo al jurado. “Yo no pertenezco a ningún partido político. No soy ni demócrata, ni republicana”, añadió Bardach. “¿Usted está a favor o en contra de Fidel Castro?”, inquirió el fiscal. Bardach se encogió de hombros y le respondió: “Todo el que ha leído lo que he escrito sabe que he sido muy crítica con los abusos en Cuba.” EL INGLÉS DE POSADA CARRILES Sabiendo que ningún periodista en los Estados Unidos ha escrito más que ella sobre el tema, Reardon le preguntó: “¿Ha tenido usted contacto con Luis Posada Carriles?” “En junio de 1998, pronuncié una ponencia en la University of California, Santa Barbara. Poco después, entre los mensajes de la máquina contestadora de mi teléfono, escuché la voz de alguien que dijo llamarse Ramón Medina”, testificó la periodista. Ese es uno de los alias favoritos de Luis Posada Carriles. Bardach explicó que llamó a uno de los números de teléfono que Posada Carriles le había dejado. “Me pareció un grato conversador. Me dijo que quería reunirse conmigo”, cont ó. Reardon sabe que Posada Carriles ha declarado anteriormente ante un juez de inmigración que no habla inglés y que no entendió las preguntas de Bardach en Aruba. Por eso le preguntó a Bardach sobre la fluidez del acusado en esa lengua. “Lo habla muy bien”, dijo ella. “Yo sabía que hablaba inglés, porque él había trabajado para la empresa Firestone en Akron, Ohio, y también había ayudado a traducir para Eugene Hasenfus”. Hasenfus era un contratista de la CIA, cuyo avión cayó en territorio nicaragüenze en 1986 durante una operación encubierta. Trabajó en la operación Iran-Contra con Posada Carriles en 5 / 9 Progreso Semanal Nuestro mundo desde perspectivas progresistas http://progresosemanal.us esa época. Fue capturado por los sandinistas, enjuiciado y condenado a 25 años de prisión. Los sandinistas lo liberaron poco después. Posada Carriles escuchaba el testimonio en español a través de unos audífonos para la traducción simultánea. Como un eco debió oír las palabras de la Bardach, quien sostenía ante la corte que él entendía perfectamente el idioma inglés. ¿Se dará cuenta el jurado? EL ABOGADO DEFENSOR PIDE QUE ANULEN EL CASO Posada Carriles y Bardach acordaron que la entrevista se daría en la isla de Aruba, una isla al noroeste de Venezuela, al sur del mar Caribe. “Posada me contó que él era un fugitivo”, dijo Bardach, refiriéndose a los 73 cargos de asesinato que tiene pendiente ante los tribunales venezolanos en relación con la voladura de un avión de pasajeros. Al escuchar la palabra fugitivo, el abogado defensor brincó de su asiento como un canguro. “Protesto, Su Señoría, y sostengo una moción para anular el proceso”, dijo Hernández. Pidió ventilar su queja en privado, sin que el jurado pudiera escuchar sus argumentos. La séptima petición para desestimar los cargos que ha hecho el abogado de Posada Carriles desde que el caso comenzó el 10 de enero. La jueza no le concedió la moción, pero le pidió al jurado que olvidara que escuchó a Bardach decir que Posada Carriles había sido un fugitivo. Reardon entonces le preguntó a Bardach cómo había sido su llegada a Aruba. “Posada me dijo que lo encontrara en el aeropuerto. También llegó mi colega del New York Times, Larry Rohter, más mi esposo Bob, porque estaba preocupado por mi seguridad”, testificó Bardach. Otra vez, se disparó el abogado defensor y pidió que la jueza anule el proceso debido a la referencia a la seguridad. La octava vez que lo hace. La Jueza Cardone le pidió al jurado que ignoraran la referencia, pero se rehusó a desestimar los cargos contra el ex agente de la CIA. Bardach continuó con su testimonio. Dijo que Posada Carriles la recibió en el aeropuerto y la llevó en una camioneta verde hasta su casa. Durante el recorrido, Bardach sacó una grabadora que había comprado en Radio Shack, una tienda electrónica de descuento en los Estados Unidos, y comenzó a grabarlo. Lo hizo abiertamente, le dijo al jurado, sin esconderlo. “¿Posada Carriles le dijo por qué quería ser entrevistado?”, le preguntó el fiscal al testigo. ”Quería contar cuál era el papel que estaba jugando en lo que él piensa es una campaña heroica en Cuba”, respondió Bardach. “La campaña de bombas en 1997?, aclaró. Las entrevistas duraron tres días y registró aproximadamente unas 13 horas -la mitad de las cuales fueron grabadas-, relató Bardach. Explicó que Posada Carriles, con un gesto de la mano parecido a la de un metrónomo, ordenó apagar y a encender la grabadora varias veces.
Recommended publications
  • Thesis US Cuba.Pdf
    BEING SUCCESSFULLY NASTY: THE UNITED STATES, CUBA AND STATE SPONSORED TERRORISM, 1959-1976 by ROBERT G. DOUGLAS B.A., University of Victoria, 2005 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of History © Robert Grant Douglas, 2008 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. BEING SUCCESSFULLY NASTY: THE UNITED STATES, CUBA AND STATE SPONSORED TERRORISM, 1959-1976 by ROBERT G. DOUGLAS B.A., University of Victoria, 2005 Supervisory Committee Dr. Jason Colby (Department of History) Supervisor Dr. Perry Biddiscombe (Department of History) Departmental Member Dr. Jordan Stanger-Ross (Department of History) Departmental Member Dr. Michelle Bonner (Department of Political Science) Outside Member ii Supervisory Committee Dr. Jason Colby (Department of History) Supervisor Dr. Perry Biddiscombe (Department of History) Departmental Member Dr. Jordan Stanger-Ross (Department of History) Departmental Member Dr. Michelle Bonner (Department of Political Science) Outside Member Abstract Despite being the global leader in the “war on terror,” the United States has been accused of sponsoring terrorism against Cuba. The following study assesses these charges. After establishing a definition of terrorism, it examines U.S.-Cuban relations from 1808 to 1958, arguing that the United States has historically employed violence in its efforts to control Cuba. U.S. leaders maintained this approach even after the Cuban Revolution: months after Fidel Castro‟s guerrilla army took power, Washington began organizing Cuban exiles to carry out terrorist attacks against the island, and continued to support and tolerate such activities until the 1970s, culminating in what was the hemisphere‟s most lethal act of airline terrorism before 9/11.
    [Show full text]
  • Bush Passes on Cuban Exiles' Right a D V E R T I S E M E N T He Panders to a Narrow, Reactionary Slice of a Politically Diverse Community
    http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-op-bardach26oct26,1,3426430.story POLITICS Bush Passes on Cuban Exiles' Right a d v e r t i s e m e n t He panders to a narrow, reactionary slice of a politically diverse community. By Ann Louise Bardach Ann Louise Bardach writes for Newsweek International and is a commentator on the Public Radio program "Marketplace." She is the author of "Cuba Confidential: Love and Vengeance in Miami and Havana." October 26, 2003 Earlier this month, President Bush gathered 100 Cuban Americans in the White House Rose Garden to outline his new Cuba policy. Sprinkling his speech with a few words of well-rehearsed Spanish, the president announced a new commission, co-chaired by Secretary of State Colin Powell and Housing and Urban Development Secretary Mel Martinez. Its mission: to draw up a transition-to-freedom plan for a post-Castro Cuba and to "identify ways to hasten the arrival of that day." But judging from the reception of the president's speech — most notably within the Miami exile community — Operation Cuba could be as controversial as Operation Iraqi Freedom. The cornerstone of the president's initiative is to aggressively criminalize travel to Cuba by asking the Department of Homeland Security to identify and punish those who visit Cuba in violation of U.S. laws, whether they travel from the United States or via a third country. The president also vowed to crack down on people sending money to Cuba. What this policy fails to take into account is that it is Cuban Americans who will be most penalized by the crackdown.
    [Show full text]
  • Fidel Castro and Revolutionary Masculinity
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies Hispanic Studies 2012 Deconstructing an Icon: Fidel Castro and Revolutionary Masculinity Krissie Butler University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Butler, Krissie, "Deconstructing an Icon: Fidel Castro and Revolutionary Masculinity" (2012). Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies. 10. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/hisp_etds/10 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Hispanic Studies at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained and attached hereto needed written permission statements(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine). I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless a preapproved embargo applies. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of my work.
    [Show full text]
  • The Twilight of Organizational Form for Charity: Musings on Norma
    Hofstra Law Review Volume 30 | Issue 4 Article 4 2002 The wT ilight of Organizational Form for Charity: Musings on Norman Silber, A Corporate Form of Freedom: The meE rgence of the Modern Nonprofit ecS tor Evelyn Brody Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Brody, Evelyn (2002) "The wT ilight of Organizational Form for Charity: Musings on Norman Silber, A Corporate Form of Freedom: The meE rgence of the Modern Nonprofit eS ctor," Hofstra Law Review: Vol. 30: Iss. 4, Article 4. Available at: http://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/hlr/vol30/iss4/4 This document is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hofstra Law Review by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Brody: The Twilight of Organizational Form for Charity: Musings on Norma BOOK REVIEW THE TWILIGHT OF ORGANIZATIONAL FORM FOR CHARITY: MUSINGS ON NORMAN SILBER, A CORPORATE FORM OF FREEDOM. THE EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN NONPROFIT SECTOR NORMAN I. SILBER, A CORPORATE FORM OF FREEDOM: THE EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN NONPROFrr SECTOR. Boulder: Westview Press, 2001. Pp. 184 Evelyn Brody* In the months following the September 11 attacks, the nonprofit sector took center stage. But with prominence comes scrutiny, and the extraordinary role of private philanthropy in this context has raised uncomfortable questions. First, over 250 new nonprofit organizations formed to handle the outpouring of contributions, and the Internal Revenue Service announced expedited review for new applications for federal tax exemption.' Yet these organizations-along with existing major charities like the American Red Cross and the Salvation Army- found themselves tripping over each other, unable to ensure that the more than $1.5 billion in contributions was being distributed wisely, * Professor of Law, Chicago-Kent College of Law.
    [Show full text]
  • The Brookings Institution Cuba 2008: Opportunities
    1 THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION CUBA 2008: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES Washington, D.C. Wednesday, February 6, 2008 Welcome Remarks: CARLOS PASCUAL Vice President and Director, Foreign Policy The Brookings Institution PANEL ONE - CUBA AND THE WORLD: SUCCESSION TO TRANSITION Moderator: PETER HAKIM President, Inter-American Dialogue Presenters: VICKI HUDDLESTON Visiting Fellow, The Brookings Institution and Former Chief, U.S. Interests Section, Cuba JAIME SUCHLICKI Director, Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies, University of Miami RIORDAN ROETT School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University ANDERSON COURT REPORTING 706 Duke Street, Suite 100 Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone (703) 519-7180 Fax (703) 519-7190 2 PANEL TWO – AFTER FIDEL: POLITICAL AND SOCIAL CHANGE Moderator: JULIA SWEIG Director, Latin American Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Presenters: MARIFELI PÉREZ–STABLE Vice President, Democratic Governance, Inter-American Dialogue ANDY S. GOMEZ Assistant Provost, University of Miami PHIL PETERS Vice President, Lexington Institute RAJ M. DESAI Visiting Fellow, The Brookings Institution PANEL THREE – IT'S THE ECONOMY: CONSTRAINTS AND INCENTIVES TO REFORM Moderator: CARMELO MESA-LAGO University of Pittsburgh Presenters: CARLOS SALADRIGAS Co-Chairman, Cuba Study Group ROBERT MUSE Law Offices of Robert L. Muse DANIEL P. ERIKSON Director, Caribbean Programs, Inter-American Dialogue ANDERSON COURT REPORTING 706 Duke Street, Suite 100 Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone (703) 519-7180 Fax (703) 519-7190 3 KIRBY JONES President,
    [Show full text]
  • 1 an Unseen Truth 1
    Notes 1 An Unseen Truth 1. Geoffrey R. Stone, Perilous Times, W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. New York, 2004, p. 419. 2. http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/newsack:/releases/2001/09 /20010920–8.html. 3. Paul K. Davis, Besieged, 100 Great Sieges From Jericho to Sarajevo, Oxford University Press, New York, 2003. 4. It led the then US secretary of state Madeline Albright to say the death of 500,000 Iraqi children as result of sanctions was “worth it.” John Pilger, “Squeezed to Death,” Guardian, March 4, 2000. 5. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/24/us/politics/24immig.html. 6. FOX hypes stories to claim “Christmas Under Siege”: http://mediamatters. org/research/200412100006 (December 10, 2004). 7. Charlie Savage, Democratic Senators Issue Strong Warning about Use of the Patriot Act, March 16, 2012. 8. www.wired.com/dangeroom2011/07. 9. www.dhs.gov/xabout/laws/law_regulation_rule_0011.shtm. 10. Found in the former President’s autobiography, Decision Points, Crown Publishing, 2010. 11. Weekly Standard, December 5, 2005. 12. http://news.antiwar.com/2011/03/07/obama-approves-indefinite-detention- without-trial/. 13. Janine Jackson, “Whistling Past the Wreckage of Civil Liberties,” Extra, September 2011, p. 13. 14. Chris Anders, Senators Demand the Military Lock Up of American Citizens in a “Battlefield” They Define as Being Right Outside Your Window://www.aclu .org/ (November 2011). 15. http://www.aclu.org/blog/national-security/president-obama-signs- indefinite-detention-law. A New York judge tried to block the legislation in June 2012. Susan Madrak, Federal Judge Blocks NDAA Indefinite Detention, Crooks and Liars.
    [Show full text]
  • Twilight of the Assassins
    Print this Page Close Window This is a preview of an article appearing in the November 2006 Atlantic. The URL at which this preview is made available to the press is temporary and not for public distribution. Thank you for your understanding. Contact The Atlantic's media relations office at [email protected] with any questions. The Atlantic Monthly | November 2006 TWILIGHT OF THE ASSASSINS It was the first act of airline terrorism in the Americas: thirty years ago, seventy-three people died in the bombing of a Cuban passenger plane. Now, one alleged mastermind lives freely in Miami, while another awaits trial on other charges in Texas. With Fidel Castro and Hugo Chávez insisting the CIA was behind the bombing, why won’t the Bush administration at last resolve enduring suspicions? A tale of thwarted dreams, frustrated justice, and murder in the sky BY ANN LOUISE BARDACH ..... Outside the U.S. mission in Havana in February, protesters memorialize those who died in the Cubana bombing and the Bay of Pigs n October 6, 1976, shortly after 11 a.m., two young Venezuelan men boarded a Cuban Web exclusive: airliner in Port of Spain, the sleepy capital of Trinidad and Tobago. Though only twenty years old, Hernán Ricardo had been working on and off for five years for a Luis Posada was arrested and Cuban exile based in Caracas named Luis Posada Carriles, doing all manner of odd charged with illegal entry in May 2005. He is currently waiting for jobs, including photography and surveillance. He had recently recruited his friend Freddy Lugo, the Justice Department to decide twenty-seven, to assist him.
    [Show full text]
  • Rubin Syllabus HI397
    History 397 Modern Latin America Spring 2017 Professor Jeffrey Rubin Monday, Wednesday, & Friday 1:25 PM – 2:15 PM CAS B06B (Fri) 10 Lenox Street (Mon and Wed) Office Hours: Wednesdays, 3:00 – 4:30 Thursdays, 2:00 – 3:30 Office Address: 10 Lenox Street, Room 3 353-1675 [email protected] 2 Course Description This course will examine politics, economy, and culture in Latin America in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. We will begin by considering novels, narrative non- fiction, and film to situate ourselves in Latin America today and raise key questions about the past. We will then discuss issues of civilization and barbarism, slavery, indigenous life, gender, and liberalisM that shaped life and politics in the 19th century. In the 20th century, which will constitute most of the course, we will start with the Mexican Revolution and conclude by examining innovative grassroots experiments of the 1990s and 2000s, including land take-over movements, Afro- Reggae music groups, and women’s organizations. In between, we will examine political and cultural processes that shaped 20th century politics and social life, including the formation of the Mexican state, the rise of Eva Peron in Argentina, economic growth and shantytown life in Brazil, and military rule and neo-liberal economics in Chile. Through focused comparison of several themes and countries over time, we will seek an understanding of both underlying patterns and new directions. We will address the persistence of forms of inequality, authoritarianism, and exclusion in Latin America, the experiences and visions of different groups and classes, the lives of spectacular individuals and experiments, and the successes and limits of democracy and economic growth in recent decades.
    [Show full text]
  • Rubin Syllabus HI 397
    History 397 Modern Latin America Spring 2017 Professor Jeffrey Rubin Monday, Wednesday, & Friday 1:25 PM – 2:15 PM CAS 201 & 10 Lenox Street Office Hours: Wednesdays, 3:00 – 4:30 Thursdays, 2:00 – 3:30 Office Address: 10 Lenox Street, Room 3 353-1675 [email protected] Course Description This course will examine politics, economy, and culture in Latin America in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. We will begin by considering novels, narrative non-fiction, and film to situate ourselves in Latin America today and raise key questions about the past. We will then discuss issues of civilization and barbarism, slavery, indigenous life, gender, and liberalism that shaped life and politics in the 19th century. In the 20th century, which will constitute most of the course, we will start with the Mexican Revolution and conclude by examining innovative grassroots experiments of the 1990s and 2000s, including land take-over movements, Afro-Reggae music groups, and women’s organizations. In between, we will examine political and cultural processes that shaped 20th century politics and social life, including the formation of the Mexican state, the rise of Eva Peron in Argentina, economic growth and shantytown life in Brazil, and military rule and neo-liberal economics in Chile. Through focused comparison of several themes and countries over time, we will seek an understanding of both underlying patterns and new directions. We will address the persistence of forms of inequality, authoritarianism, and exclusion in Latin America, the experiences and visions of different groups and classes, the lives of spectacular individuals and experiments, and the successes and limits of democracy and economic growth in recent decades.
    [Show full text]
  • On Torture: a Case Study of Why Some Are Accepted and Others Rejected
    ‘‘DIPLOMATIC ASSURANCES’’ ON TORTURE: A CASE STUDY OF WHY SOME ARE ACCEPTED AND OTHERS REJECTED HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND OVERSIGHT OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 15, 2007 Serial No. 110–138 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.foreignaffairs.house.gov/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 38–939PDF WASHINGTON : 2008 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS TOM LANTOS, California, Chairman HOWARD L. BERMAN, California ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American DAN BURTON, Indiana Samoa ELTON GALLEGLY, California DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey DANA ROHRABACHER, California BRAD SHERMAN, California DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois ROBERT WEXLER, Florida EDWARD R. ROYCE, California ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York STEVE CHABOT, Ohio BILL DELAHUNT, Massachusetts ROY BLUNT, Missouri GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado DIANE E. WATSON, California RON PAUL, Texas ADAM SMITH, Washington JEFF FLAKE, Arizona RUSS CARNAHAN, Missouri MIKE PENCE, Indiana JOHN S. TANNER, Tennessee JOE WILSON, South Carolina GENE GREEN, Texas JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas LYNN C. WOOLSEY, California J. GRESHAM BARRETT, South Carolina SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas CONNIE MACK, Florida RUBE´ N HINOJOSA, Texas JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York MICHAEL T.
    [Show full text]
  • Remembering Angola – Cuban Internationalism, Transnational Spaces, and the Politics of Memories
    REMEMBERING ANGOLA – CUBAN INTERNATIONALISM, TRANSNATIONAL SPACES, AND THE POLITICS OF MEMORIES by Marisabel Almer A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor Ruth Behar, Chair Associate Professor Kelly M. Askew Associate Professor Maria E. Cotera Professor Maxwell K. Owusu La vida no es la que uno vivió, sino la que uno recuerda y cómo la recuerda para contarla. Life is not what one lived, but what one remembers and how one remembers it in order to recount it. – Gabriel García Márquez © Marisabel Almer All rights reserved 2011 DEDICATION For big F who never doubted, M² squared who made it all worth it, and little f who never once left my side. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people to whom I would like to express gratitude for their support along this journey. I am grateful to my committee members, especially my advisor, Ruth Behar. The generosity, encouragement, professionalism, and dedication you show your students is inspiring. I would never have been able to complete this dissertation without your guidance. Thanks to the other committee members, Kelly Askew, Maria Cotera, and Maxwell Owusu, for their support, insight, and understanding after my long silence. Laurie Marx was always there for me with an answer, a solution, a word of advice, and the patience of a saint. I was fortunate to have generous financial support during the research and writing of this dissertation from the University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School, the Latin American and Caribbean Studies Program, the Center for Afroamerican and African Studies, the International Institute, the Anthropology Department, and the David L.
    [Show full text]
  • Cuba, Offshore Drilling, and Political Brinkmanship
    NORTH CAROLINA JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Volume 38 Number 2 Article 5 Winter 2013 In Deepwater: Cuba, Offshore Drilling, and Political Brinkmanship C. Adam Lanier Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncilj Recommended Citation C. A. Lanier, In Deepwater: Cuba, Offshore Drilling, and Political Brinkmanship, 38 N.C. J. INT'L L. 571 (2012). Available at: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncilj/vol38/iss2/5 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by Carolina Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in North Carolina Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of Carolina Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. In Deepwater: Cuba, Offshore Drilling, and Political Brinkmanship Cover Page Footnote International Law; Commercial Law; Law This note is available in North Carolina Journal of International Law: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncilj/vol38/iss2/ 5 In Deepwater: Cuba, Offshore Drilling, and Political Brinkmanship C. ADAM LANIERt I. Introduction ......................... .......571 II. Historical Context of U.S.-Cuban Relations .... ...... 575 A. Foreign Relations Between the United States and Cuba . ...................... .................575 1. Revolution and the Beginning of Hostilities.........576 2. Imposing an Embargo.......... .......... 578 3. Strengthening the Embargo................580 4. Change..............................................582 B. International Agreements .............. ...... 583 III. Current Proposals and Why They Will Not Work............585 A. Unilateral Response Plans........................587 B. Legislative Proposals........ ........ ...... 590 IV. Recommendations ...................... ..... 594 A. Domestic Policy Change............................................. 595 1. Immediate Steps the United States Should Take... 595 2. Long Term Policy Changes...................................596 B. Potential International Agreement ....... ...... 597 V. Conclusion................. ............... 598 I.
    [Show full text]