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Crustacea: Cephalocarida) from the West Coast of Florida

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Crustacea: Cephalocarida) from the West Coast of Florida BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 26(4): 593.599, 1976 A NEW SPECIES OF LIGHTIELLA (CRUSTACEA: CEPHALOCARIDA) FROM THE WEST COAST OF FLORIDA Patsy A. McLaughlin ABSTRACT A new species of cephalocarid from the west coast of Florida, Ligh/iella floridana, is described, illustrated, and compared with other species of the genus. This species repre- sents the eighth cephalocarid species to be recognized and the first species known to occur in the Gulf of Mexico. The subclass Cephalocarida was estab- Upon collection, the samples were preserved lished slightly more than 2 decades ago as in 10% seawater formalin buffered with the result of the discovery of a unique "Borax." After sorting in the laboratory, crustacean, Hutchinsoniella macracantha the specimens were transferred to 45% iso- Sanders, 1955, in the bottom sediments of propyl alcohol for storage and subsequent Long Island Sound. Subsequently, benthic examination. Although the cephalocarids studies in various parts of the world have appeared opaque or white in formalin or contributed six other species, representing alcohol, when mounted in a medium of poly- two additional distinct genera of this prim- vinyl-alcohol-Iactophenol, they became quite itive crustacean group. These species in- transparent and morphological characters clude Lightiella serendipita Jones, 1961, often were difficult to distinguish. Conse- from San Francisco Bay, California, L. in- quently, a number of specimens were stained cisa Gooding, 1963, from Barbados, other with a 0.1% Chlorazol Black E solution in localities in the Caribbean Sea, and one lactophenol (3% by volume) and heated larva from Biscayne Bay, Florida, L. mon- for 1 to 2 hours at 65°C (cf. Monod and niotae Cals and Delamare Deboutteville, Cals, 1970) before dissection and mounting. 1970, from New Caledonia, Sandersiella In the descriptions of their species of acuminata Shiino, 1965, from Kyushu and Lightiella, both Jones (1961) and Gooding the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, S. calmani (1963) referred to the armature of the en- Hessler and Sanders, 1973, from the coast dites and the terminal segments of the endo- of Peru, and S. bathyalis Hessler and San- pods as consisting of spines plus setae or ders, 1973 from off Walvis Bay, southwest simply spines. Similarly, Gooding referred Africa. During the course of a benthic sur- to the single short seta on the dorsal margin vey of the Anclote Anchorage, Florida, be- of each distal exopodal segment as a spine. ing conducted by Applied Marine Ecolog- Hessler and Sanders (1973), in referring ical Services, Inc., under the auspices of to the spines on the terminal segments of Florida Power Corporation, one additional the endopods, have called them claws, and new species of the genus Lightiella has been have made no distinction between spines discovered. and setae on the endites. The short setae on With the exceptions of two specimens the dorsal margins of the distal exopodal fortuitously caught up in algal mats col- segments have been referred to by these lected by trawling gear, all specimens have latter authors as "short setae intercalated into been obtained with a 15 x 15 em "benthos [the] setal row." Although no attempt has sampler" similar in construction to that of been made during the present study to de- a post-hole digger (Baird, et a1. 1971). termine whether the various types of arma- 593 594 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 26, NO.4, 1976 ture observed truely represent spines or Lightiella floridlllUl new species setae, it is my belief that some differentia- Holotype.-Adult, 2.6 mm, ovigerous, tion should be made. Therefore, stout USNM 156312; Station 30, 28° 10'50"N, "spine-like" structures on the endites of the 82°48'52"W, Anclote Anchorage, Florida, protopods and the terminal segments of 0.75-2.25 m. the endopods are referred to as spines and indicated in the tables by Roman numerals. Paratypes.-50 adults, 3 ovigerous, 2.1-3.0 The short seta occurring on the dorsal mar- mm, from type locality (USNM, AHF, gin of each distal exopodal segment has RMNH); 1 adult, 2.4 mm, station 29, been indicated by a bracket. 28°10'45"N, 82°48'30"W, 1.0-1.25 m The holotype and several paratypes have (RMNH); 2 adults, 1.8, 2.0 mm, station been deposited in the collections of the Na- 21, 28°11'25"N, 82°48'7"W, 0.75-1.5 m tional Museum of Natural History, Smith- (USNM); 4 adults, 1 ovigerous, 2.3-2.6 mm, sonian Institution (USNM). Additional station 15, 28°11'45"N, 82°48'30"W, 2.0- paratypes have been deposited in the col- 2.25 m, Andote Anchorage, Florida (MCZ), lections of the Allan Hancock Foundation, January through May 1976. University of Southern California (AHF), the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Har- Description.-Body (Fig. lA) with anterior vard University (MCZ), and the Rijksmu- and anterolateral margins of cephalon bear- seum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The ing short fine setae and occasionally very Netherlands (RMNH). short stiff bristles. Pleura of first seven thoracic segments truncate or broadly rounded; pleuron of eighth thoracic segment Lightiella Jones reduced to small spinose process. Pleura of Type species.-Lightiella serendipita Jones, pretelsonic segments developed into mod- 1961, by monotypy. erately strong spinose processes. Telson (Fig. lA) with well developed pair of ter- Diagnosis.-Eighth thoracic segment lack- minal dorsal spines; ventral comb (Fig. 1B) ing appendages; pleuron sometimes re- with strong teeth. Caudal rami equalling duced or lacking. Telson only abdominal or exceeding width of telson, usually equal- segment with vertical comb; comb row ex- ling combined length of last two abdominal tends full width of abdomen. Caudal rami segments; with one or two short and two moderately short, usually not exceeding moderately long terminal setae. combined length of last two abdominal seg- Ratio of distal four segments of antennule ments. (Fig. 1C) approximately 2: 1:1:2 (prox- imal to distal); first, fourth and fifth seg- KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LICllTIELLA ments without setae, second segment with two moderately short setae, third with four 1a. Telson with dorsal terminal spines 2 or five moderately short to long setae, ter- 1b. Telson without dorsal terminal spines _ ________________________________________________L. sere/I dipiIa minal segment with six to eight short to 2a. Incisor process of mandible with 2 promi- moderately long setae and one long, multi- nent teeth; pleurae of 8th thoracic segment articular sensory flagellum ("aesthete" of represented by small spinose processes 3 2b. Incisor process of mandible with 1 promi- Gooding, 1963). nent tooth; pleurae of 8th thoracic segment Antenna (Fig. 1D) with one short seta absent . .. L. incisa on margin of propodite. Endopod with one 3a. Caudal rami considerably shorter than combined length of last 2 abdominal seg- short and one long seta on proximal seg- ments __. .._. L. lI1onniolae ment, distal segment with one large and 3b. Caudal rami approximately equal to com- one small spine and three setae terminally. bined length of last 2 abdominal seg- ments L. floridana Exopod with 19 or 20 segments; setal for- McLAUGHLIN: A NEW SPECIES OF LIGHT/ELLA FROM FLORIDA 595 I---f A ...--- ••, B-G B Figure 1. Lighlie/la floridana n. sp. in dorsal view (appendages and caudal setae omitted): (B) Telson and caudal rami (ventral view); (C, D, F, G) Cephalic appendages (left); (C) antennule; (D) antenna; (F) mandible; (G) 1st maxilIa; (E) Labrum (ventral view). Scales equal 0.1 (A) and 0.05 (B-G) mm. [Detailed setation omitted] mula most commonly 2,2,1,2,0,1,1,1,1,1,1, Mandible (Fig. IF) with incisor process 3,3,1,2,1,1,1,4. consisting of pair of strong teeth and one Labrum (Fig. IE) large, broadly rounded median serrate seta; frequently with one to anteriorly, acutely triangular posteriorly, and three minute denticles on ridge separating with median transverse suture; anteroven- molar from incisor process; molar process tral surface with several irregular and inter- with eight or nine small teeth and two rupted rows of minute denticles; postero- stronger teeth near angle, lower margin with ventral surface with three short transverse short setae. rows of very small teeth. First maxilla (Fig. 1G) with eight setae 596 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE , VOL 26, NO . 4, 1976 McLAUGHLIN: A NEW SPECIES OF LIGHT/ELLA FROM FLORIDA 597 Table I. Armature of protopodal endites':' ----~----- ~--- II III IV V VI Maxilla 2 4-6 I 1-2 II 1-2 I-II 2-3 0-3 0-3 Thoracopod I 6-9 I-II 2-5 II 3-5 I-II 3 1-3 1-3 Thoracopod 2 4-6 III 3-6 II 4-6 I-II 2-3 I 2-3 2-3 Thoracopod 3 4-6 1II 4-5 II-III 3-7 II 4-5 I 3-4 2-3 Thoracopod 4 4-7 III 3-6 III 3-6 II 3-4 I 3-4 2-3 Thoracopod 5 4-5 I-II 4-6 III 3-6 II 0-4 0-1 3 2-3 Thoracopod 6 1-2 I 3-4 II 3-4 II 0-2 0-1 2-3 2-3 Thoracopod 7 ? 1 (?)1 (?)2 (?)1 (1)1 • N = 10. on distal lobe of exopod. Endopod with gins entire. Pseudepipods with four or five one seta on each of two proximal segments; marginal plumose setae; posterior faces three strong spines on terminal segment. moderately hirsute. Gnathobase usually with four, occasionally Habitat.-Lightiella floridana appears to be only with three, terminal setae; occasionally a very shallow water species inhabiting areas also with one subterminal seta. of the Anchorage that are characterized by Second maxilla (Fig.
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