72 Names of God Meditations
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Hebrew Aleph-Bet and Letter As Numbers
Hebrew Aleph-Bet and Letter as Numbers Letter Name in Hebrew Keyboard Letter Number Value aleph or alef t 1 bet (& vet) c 2 gimel or gimmel d 3 dalet s 4 hey or heh v 5 vav u 6 zayin z 7 chet or khet j 8 tet y 9 yud or yod h 10 kaf f 20 lamed k 30 mem n 40 nun b 50 samech or samekh x 60 ayin g 70 pey or peh (& fey) p 80 tzadi or tsadi m 90 kuf e 100 resh r 200 shin a 300 tav , (comma) 400 kaf sofit l mem sofit o nun sofit i fey sofit ; (semi-colon) tzadi sofit . (period) NOTE: the above English keyboard letter for the Hebrew letters are for the standard Hebrew keyboard. There are Hebrew fonts floating around that are non-standard. The sofit letters sound the same as the normal letters, but are used when they are the last letter in a word. For Bible code purposes. the regular letter and final letter are fully equivalent. In other words, in the code, a nun sofit could appear in the middle of a valid term and the regular letter nun could be at the end of a word. (discussion of numbers on the next page) If the Hebrew letters only go to 400, how can you look for higher number in the Bible code, like the year 1998 (5758)? When you have numbers over 1000, you use the thousands letter as a digit. For example, 1561 would start out with “aleph” which is 1. -
Torah from JTS Worship, JTS
Exploring Prayer :(בלה תדובע) Service of the Heart This week’s column was written by Rabbi Samuel Barth, senior lecturer in Liturgy and Torah from JTS Worship, JTS. Simhat Torah: Which Way When the Circle Ends Bereishit 5774 The annual celebration of Simhat Torah brings great joy to so many of us of all generations, and it is a fitting and triumphant conclusion to the long and multifaceted season of intense Jewish observance and focus that began (a little before Rosh Hashanah) with Selichot. In Israel and in congregations observing a single day of festivals, Simhat Torah is blended with Shemini Atzeret, offering the intense experience in the morning of Hallel, Hakkafot (processions with dancing) and Geshem (the prayer for Rain). At the morning service of Simhat Torah there are four linked biblical readings (three from the Parashah Commentary Torah), and the relationship among them invites us to think about the flow of sacred text in a multidimensional context. The first reading is Vezot HaBrakha, the last chapters of Deuteronomy This week’s commentary was written by Dr. David Marcus, professor of Bible, containing the final blessings from Moses to the community—and the account of the death of Moses, alone with God on Mount Nebo. To receive the final aliyah after everyone else present JTS. has been called to the Torah is considered a great honor, and the person with this honor is called up with a special formula (a short version is presented in Siddur Sim Shalom for Shabbat Bereishit with a Capital Bet and Festivals, 215) that affirms, “May it be the will of the One Most Powerful to grant abundant blessings to [insert the name of the one called] who has been chosen to complete the Torah.” With this week’s parashah, we once again commence the cycle of reading the Torah from the first chapter of Genesis, which begins with the Hebrew word bereishit. -
ב Bet ה Heh ו Vav ט Tet י Yod ך מ Mem ם
Exercise 1A: Writing the Hebrew Square Script Using the examples at the right, practice writing out the Hebrew characters on the lines provided for you. Be sure to accurately reflect the position of the letter in relation to the base line. Boxes are used to indicate final forms. Letter Name aleph א aleph bet ב bet gimel ג gimel dalet ד dalet heh ה heh vav ו vav zayin ז zayin .het ח ḥet tet ט tet yod י kaph כ yod ך kaph final kaph lamed ל mem מ lamed ם mem 3 Exercise 1A: Writing tHe Hebrew SquAre Script final mem Letter Name nun נ ן nun final nun samek ס samek ayin ע pe פ ayin ף pe final pe tsade צ ץ tsade final tsade qoph ק qoph resh ר resh שׂ sin sin shin ׁש shin tav ת tav NAme: __________________________________________________ Exercise 1A: Writing tHe Hebrew SquAre Script 4 Exercise 1B: Reading Proper Names In this exercise you will practice identifying the Hebrew consonants by reading familiar proper names. Write the English name in the space to the left of the Hebrew name. Since the alphabet has no vowels, you will have to provide vowel sounds to recognize each word. Start by trying an “a” vowel between each con- sonant. The “a” vowel is the most common vowel in Hebrew and, while it will not always be the correct one, it should help you recognize these names. לבן Laban יעקב אסתר אברהם עבדיה יצחק יחזקאל יׂשראל דוד רבקה נחמיה נבכדנאזר ירבעם ירדן מרדכי מׁשה דברה גלית יׁשמעאל עׂשו 5 Exercise 1B: ReAding Proper NAmes Exercise 1C: Hebrew Cursive (Optional) Using the examples shown, practice writing out the cursive Hebrew characters on the lines provided for you. -
Epigraphic Notes on the 'Amman Citadel Inscription
7 Epigraphic Notes on the 'Amman Citadel Inscription [1969] In 1969 Professor Siegfried H. Hom published the tury BCE, in the inscription of King Yaril).<azar4 of Beth important Ammonite inscription from the citadel of an <Ammon, as well as sporadically in contemporary and cient Rabbath <Ammon, modem <Amman. 1 We wish to later Aramaic. However, the same simplified f:,,et is found comment (I) on the script of the inscription and its date, in the Mesha< Inscription regularly and appears not infre and (II) on certain of the readings in the text. quently in Hebrew scripts of the eighth (Samaria Ostraca) and seventh centuries BCE (the Yabneh-yam Inscrip I. tion). 5 $ade is unique. The long leg is characteristic of The script of the <Amman Citadel Inscription be ninth-century Aramaic, eighth-century Phoenician. 6 longs to the series of Aramaic lapidary scripts of the 1Alep in the <Ammonite script has most archaic traits. ninth century BCE. It shares with these scripts a number The downstroke breaks only a short distance through the of traits which differentiate them from contemporary lower horizontal. Elsewhere such forms are characteristic Phoenician (including the early Hebrew scripts of Gezer only of the tenth-century and earlier Phoenician texts, and the Moabite Stone). The tail (right down-stroke) of and in the ninth century, uniquely in the 1aleps of the dalet is already developed; it will develop more slowly in Honeyman and Nora Phoenician texts. The vertical Phoenician and Hebrew. The letter he in the <Amman in downstroke slants well to the right of the point of the hor scription tends to a rounded semicursive Aramaic form. -
Rayut / Sacred Companionship: the Art of Being Human Rabbi Steven Kushner Rosh Hashanah Morning 5771
Rayut / Sacred Companionship: the art of being human Rabbi Steven Kushner Rosh Hashanah Morning 5771 It’s a ‘‘sweet-sixteen’’ party. The grandmother, who personally related this story to me, notices that her 16-year-old granddaughter is sitting at a table, smart-phone in hand, busily typing away with her thumbs. ‘‘What are you doing?’’ the grandmother asks. ‘‘I’m texting my best friend,’’ the granddaughter replies. ‘‘Just a minute,’’ the grandmother objects. ‘‘Do you mean to tell me you didn’t invite your best friend to your sweet-sixteen party?’’ ‘‘Of course I did,’’ the granddaughter replies. ‘‘She’s sitting right over there.’’ Does this sound familiar? Do you have kids who now use their thumbs to talk, even when vocal communication is not merely possible but easier? That, of course, is the question. Does modern technology make communication easier------with cell phones, text messaging, twittering, emailing------or does it actually make it more complex? This dynamic, of impersonal electronic talking, should be alarming to us. Forget the fact that we’ve lost the ability to write longhand. (Kids, your parents will tell you what ‘‘longhand’’ means after the service.) Never mind that we’ve abandoned the beautiful art form of ‘‘correspondence’’. (My brother and I still have all the letters my parents wrote to each other during World War II.) No matter that we’ve forgotten what it’s like to have to wait to get to a gas station to call someone on the phone. The consequences of instant non-verbal communication may be, even in the short-term, devastating. -
Psalm 119 & the Hebrew Aleph
Psalm 119 & the Hebrew Aleph Bet - Part 14 The fourteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet is called “Nun” (pronounced “noon”) and has the sound of “N” as in “now”. It has the numeric value of 50, the number of the Jubilee. There are two ways to write a Nun. A Nun appearing at the end of a word (sofit) looks like a Vav, but is longer, extending below the baseline. A regular Nun looks much like the Kaph, but is half its width. The Nun stands for FISH. In modern Hebrew, the letter Nun can appear in three forms: Writing the Letter: Nun – The Nun is half as wide as the Kaph Nun: Letter of Faithfulness Nun represents both faithfulness and the reward for faithfulness. Moses is seen as the iconic humble servant of Yahweh. The word “Nun” itself is spelled Nun-Vav-(final) Nun and looks as follows: The one who is humble before God will stand upright in the final Day. In the olam hazeh (present life), this means that the tzaddik (righteous man) will simultaneously affirm: “I am nothing but dust.” Humble yourself in the sight of Yahweh, and He shall lift you up (James 4:10). Nun Study Page 1 Spiritual Meaning of the Nun Nun = 50 and means “FISH” of Yahweh or “The SAVED”. Our Messiah could be called “The Chief FISHERMAN.” He told His disciples that He would make them “FISHERS of men”, (Mark 1:17). Like a FLOURISHING, darting school of FISH that continues to propagate, our Saviour’s Love causes us to multiply and grow in numbers as we share Him with others. -
How Was the Dageš in Biblical Hebrew Pronounced and Why Is It There? Geoffrey Khan
1 pronounced and why is it בָּתִּ ים How was the dageš in Biblical Hebrew there? Geoffrey Khan houses’ is generally presented as an enigma in‘ בָּתִּ ים The dageš in the Biblical Hebrew plural form descriptions of the language. A wide variety of opinions about it have been expressed in Biblical Hebrew textbooks, reference grammars and the scholarly literature, but many of these are speculative without any direct or comparative evidence. One of the aims of this article is to examine the evidence for the way the dageš was pronounced in this word in sources that give us direct access to the Tiberian Masoretic reading tradition. A second aim is to propose a reason why the word has a dageš on the basis of comparative evidence within Biblical Hebrew reading traditions and other Semitic languages. בָּתִּיםבָּתִּ ים The Pronunciation of the Dageš in .1.0 The Tiberian vocalization signs and accents were created by the Masoretes of Tiberias in the early Islamic period to record an oral tradition of reading. There is evidence that this reading tradition had its roots in the Second Temple period, although some features of it appear to have developed at later periods. 1 The Tiberian reading was regarded in the Middle Ages as the most prestigious and authoritative tradition. On account of the authoritative status of the reading, great efforts were made by the Tiberian Masoretes to fix the tradition in a standardized form. There remained, nevertheless, some degree of variation in reading and sign notation in the Tiberian Masoretic school. By the end of the Masoretic period in the 10 th century C.E. -
The Sign of the Cross
The Sign of the Cross ἰχθύς – fish – acrostic: Ίησοῦς Χριστός, Θεοῦ Υἱός, Σωτήρ (Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior) From early EPhesus: From the catacomb os St. Sebastian (martyed c 288): Hebrew tav: Cursive (scriPt) Hebrew: For Jews, who may not say or write God’s name, the letter taw was used as a rePresentation of God’s name. It’s the last letter in the Hebrew alPhabet and synbolizes the end, comPletion, and Perfection. Note the similarity to the Greek letter chi (first letter in the Greek Christ (Χριστός) Some early icons (note the mark of the cross on the forehead): 1 A “mark” is sometimes a negative thing in the Old Testament. Cain is “marked” (see Genesis 4:15) “So the LORD Put a mark on Cain, so that no one would kill him at sight.” A sore on the forehead could mark a Person as unclean. See Leviticus ChaPter 14. Note our discussion on Ezekiel. In the New Testament: Revelation 14:1: Then I looked and there was the Lamb standing on Mount Zion, and with him a hundred and forty-four thousand who had his name and his Father’s name written on their foreheads. Revelation 22:4 - They will look upon his face, and his name will be on their foreheads. St. Cyril of Jerusalem (fourth century) “Let us then not be ashamed to confess to Crucified. Let the cross as a seal, be boldly made with our fingers uPon our brow and on all occasions; over the bread we eat, over the cuPs and drink, in our comings and goings, before sleeP, on lying down and rising uP, when we are on our way and when we are still. -
The Christological Aspects of Hebrew Ideograms Kristološki Vidiki Hebrejskih Ideogramov
1027 Pregledni znanstveni članek/Article (1.02) Bogoslovni vestnik/Theological Quarterly 79 (2019) 4, 1027—1038 Besedilo prejeto/Received:09/2019; sprejeto/Accepted:10/2019 UDK/UDC: 811.411.16'02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.34291/BV2019/04/Petrovic Predrag Petrović The Christological Aspects of Hebrew Ideograms Kristološki vidiki hebrejskih ideogramov Abstract: The linguistic form of the Hebrew Old Testament retained its ancient ideo- gram values included in the mystical directions and meanings originating from the divine way of addressing people. As such, the Old Hebrew alphabet has remained a true lexical treasure of the God-established mysteries of the ecclesiological way of existence. The ideographic meanings of the Old Hebrew language represent the form of a mystagogy through which God spoke to the Old Testament fathers about the mysteries of the divine creation, maintenance, and future re-creation of the world. Thus, the importance of the ideogram is reflected not only in the recognition of the Christological elements embedded in the very structure of the Old Testament narrative, but also in the ever-present working structure of the existence of the world initiated by the divine economy of salvation. In this way both the Old Testament and the New Testament Israelites testify to the historici- zing character of the divine will by which the world was created and by which God in an ecclesiological way is changing and re-creating the world. Keywords: Old Testament, old Hebrew language, ideograms, mystagogy, Word of God, God (the Father), Holy Spirit, Christology, ecclesiology, Gospel, Revelation Povzetek: Jezikovna oblika hebrejske Stare Zaveze je obdržala svoje starodavne ideogramske vrednote, vključene v mistagoške smeri in pomene, nastale iz božjega načina nagovarjanja ljudi. -
Hebrew Names and Name Authority in Library Catalogs by Daniel D
Hebrew Names and Name Authority in Library Catalogs by Daniel D. Stuhlman BHL, BA, MS LS, MHL In support of the Doctor of Hebrew Literature degree Jewish University of America Skokie, IL 2004 Page 1 Abstract Hebrew Names and Name Authority in Library Catalogs By Daniel D. Stuhlman, BA, BHL, MS LS, MHL Because of the differences in alphabets, entering Hebrew names and words in English works has always been a challenge. The Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) is the source for many names both in American, Jewish and European society. This work examines given names, starting with theophoric names in the Bible, then continues with other names from the Bible and contemporary sources. The list of theophoric names is comprehensive. The other names are chosen from library catalogs and the personal records of the author. Hebrew names present challenges because of the variety of pronunciations. The same name is transliterated differently for a writer in Yiddish and Hebrew, but Yiddish names are not covered in this document. Family names are included only as they relate to the study of given names. One chapter deals with why Jacob and Joseph start with “J.” Transliteration tables from many sources are included for comparison purposes. Because parents may give any name they desire, there can be no absolute rules for using Hebrew names in English (or Latin character) library catalogs. When the cataloger can not find the Latin letter version of a name that the author prefers, the cataloger uses the rules for systematic Romanization. Through the use of rules and the understanding of the history of orthography, a library research can find the materials needed. -
Biblical Hebrew: Dialects and Linguistic Variation ——
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HEBREW LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS Volume 1 A–F General Editor Geoffrey Khan Associate Editors Shmuel Bolokzy Steven E. Fassberg Gary A. Rendsburg Aaron D. Rubin Ora R. Schwarzwald Tamar Zewi LEIDEN • BOSTON 2013 © 2013 Koninklijke Brill NV ISBN 978-90-04-17642-3 Table of Contents Volume One Introduction ........................................................................................................................ vii List of Contributors ............................................................................................................ ix Transcription Tables ........................................................................................................... xiii Articles A-F ......................................................................................................................... 1 Volume Two Transcription Tables ........................................................................................................... vii Articles G-O ........................................................................................................................ 1 Volume Three Transcription Tables ........................................................................................................... vii Articles P-Z ......................................................................................................................... 1 Volume Four Transcription Tables ........................................................................................................... vii Index -
How to Play Dreidel: the Traditional Game
How to Play Dreidel: The Traditional Game Dreidel is the traditional game played to celebrate Hanukkah. The letters on the dreidel—nun, gimel, hei, and shin—are interpreted to stand for the first letter of each word in the Hebrew statement “Neis gadol hayah sham,” which means, “A great miracle happened there” and refers to the defeat of the Syrian army and the re-dedication of the Temple in the story of Hanukkah. In Israel, one letter on the dreidel differs from those used in the rest of the world. Instead of a shin, you will find the letterpei, transforming the Hebrew statement into Neis gadol hayah po, which means, “A great miracle happened here.” So light your hanukkiyah, eat some latkes and sufganiyot (jelly doughnuts), exchange gifts, play some Hanukkah music, and enjoy a game of dreidel! What You’ll Need • Playing pieces (plastic chips, pennies, small candies, buttons, peanuts in the shell, etc. may be used) for each pparticipant. • A dreidel for the group. How to Play Distribute an equal number of playing pieces to each person. Begin by having each person put one or two pieces into a common pot. Take turns spinning the dreidel and taking the actions determined by the letter you spin: g Gimel: The player takes all. h Hei: The player takes half. n Nun: The player takes nothing. ç Shin: The player puts in. The winner is the person who collects all the playing pieces. You may also try playing the dreidel game with a charitable twist: Everyone puts some money in the kitty, and the winner gets to choose where to donate it.