276'54 EXT.ENSIGNS OF REMARKS September 4, 19 7 5 and Nationality Act to permit adoption of to which farm losses can be used to offset BONKER, Mr. HARRINGTON, Mr. NIX~ more than two children; to the Committee nonfarm income; to the Committee on Ways Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. CHARLES WILSON o! on the Judiciary. and Means. Texas, Mr. w OLFF, and Ms. COLLINS By Mr. DOWNEY of New York: By Mr. O'HARA: of Illinois) : H.R. 9361. A bill to establish a fuel stamp H.R. 9370. A bill to provide that the special H. Con. Res. 382. Concurrent resolution program which will provide fuel stamps to $50 payment which was authorized by the disapproving the proposed sales to Jordan of certain low-income elderly households to Tax Reduction Act of 1975 for recipients of the Hawk missile system; to the Committee help meet fuel cost incurred by such house social security, railroad retirement, or SSI on International Relations. holds; to the Committee on Interstate and benefits shall be made to any individual By Mr. KOCH: Foreign Commerce. whose entitlement to the requisite benefit H. Con. Res. 383. Concurrent resolution By Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee: (for March 1975) is established before the designating 1975 as Workmen's Circle Anni· H.R. 9362. A bill to amend section 218 of end of August 1975, without regard to when versary Year; to the Committee on Post Of the Social Security Act to require that States the benefit check involved is actually is fice and Civil Service. having agreements entered into thereunder sued; to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. HARRIS: will continue to make social security pay By Mr. PRICE (for himself and Mr. H. Res. 688. Resolution disapproving th& ments and reports on a calendar-quarter BOB WILSON) (by request) : Federal pay comparabllity alternat ive plan basis; to the Committee on Ways and Means. H.R. 9371. A bill to amend section 6(d) (1) proposed by the President; to the Committee By Mr. DU PONT (for himself and Mr. of the Military Selective Service Act ( 50 on Post Office and Civil Service. EDGAR): U.S.C. App. 456(d) (1)) to provide greater By Mr. KASTENMEIER: H.R. 9363. A .bill •to terminate the authori training flexibility for Reserve officers ordered H. Res. 689. Resolution expressing the sense zation of the Tocks Isl·a.nds Reservoir Proj to active duty for training for not more than of the House of Representatives that t he U.S. ect, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York; 6 months by deleting the requirement that Government should formally record its en to the Committee on Public Works and they be ordered to active duty for not less dorsement of the United Nations Standard Transportation. than 3 months; to the Committee on Armed Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prison By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself, Mr. Services. ers; to the Committee on the Judiciary. BAUMAN, Mr. BLOUIN, Mr. DoN H. H.R. 9372. A bill to approve the sale of By Mr. ROUSSELOT: CLAUSEN, Mr. COLLINS of Texas, Mr. certain naval vessels and for other purposes; H. Res. 690. Resolution commending the EDGAR, Mr. FISH, Mr. FORD of Ten to the Committee on Armed Services. city of Arcadia, Calif., for its participation in ·nessee, Mr. GRADISON, Mr. HAGEDORN, By Mr. RUSSO: the Sister City Program and its twinning .Mrs. HOLT, Mr. KELLY, Mr. KEMP, H.R. 9373. A bill to establish a conserva with Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. tion corps in the Departments of Agriculture on September 30, 1975; to the Committ ee on MOTTL, Mr. PRESSLER, Mr. ROBINSON, and the Interior, and for other purposes; to Post Office and Civil Service. and Mr. TREE;N) : the Committee on Education and Labor. H. Res. 691. Resolution establishing a se H.R. 9364. A bill to repeal the recently en By Mr. SIMON: lect committee to study the problem of U.S. acted provisions authorizing increases in the H.R. 9374. A bill to amend the Defense servicemen missing in action in Southeast salaries of Senators and Representatives; to Production Act of 1950 to include products Asia; to the Committee on Rules. the Committee on Post Office and Civil Serv produced from coal gasification and coal ice. liquefaction which may be used as fuels un By Mr. LENT: der title III in order to encourage the devel PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 9365. A bill to deny special unemploy opment of coal gasification and coal lique Under clause 1 of rule XXII, ment assistance in the case of certain em faction; to the Committee on Banking, Cur ployees of educational institutions; to the rency and Housing. Mr. O'HARA introduced a bill (H.R. 9378) Committee on Way and Means. By Mrs. SULLIVAN (for himself, Mr. for the relief of Helen P. Elarmo, which was By Mr. LITTON (for himself and Mr. BIAGGI, and Mr. DU PONT): referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. ANNUNZIO): H.R. 9375. A bill to amend the Federal H.R. 9366. A bill to amend the Internal Boat Safety Act of 1971 to extend the au Revenue Code of 1954 to require the estab thorization of appropriations for financial lishment of formal procedures and criteria assistance for State boating safety programs AMENDMENTS for the selection of individual income tax beyond fiscal year 1976, and for other pur Under clause 6 of rule xxm, pro returns for audit, to inform individuals of poses; to the Committee on Merchant Marine the reasons why their returns were selected and Fisheries. posed amendments were submitted as for audit, and for other purposes; to the By Mr. WINN (for himself, Ms. ABZUG, follows: Committee on Ways and Means. and Mr. COUGHLIN) : H.R. 8800 By Mr. LONG of Maryland (for him H.R. 9376. A bill to authorize the estab By Mr. DINGELL: self, Mr. DOWNEY of New York, Mr. lishment of the Tallgrass Prairie National On page 10, after line 25, insert the follow PATTISON of New York, and Mr. Park in the State of Kansas, and for other ing new subsection: HANNAFORD): purposes; to the Committee on Interior and "(d) Every contract entered into pursuant H.R. 9367. A bill to prevent the prolifera Insular Affairs. to this section shall be subject to the pro tion of nuclear weapons by limiting the By Mr. WYDLER (for himself, Mr. visions of the Buy American Act (41 U.S.C. transfer C?f certain nuclear technology and HORTON, Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois, lOa through lOd) and contain the provision materials; to the Joint Committee on Atomic Mr. AUCOIN, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. LATTA, required by the Act for public works." Energy. · Mr. MACDONALD of Massachusetts, Mr. On page 17, between lines 4 and 5, insert By Mr. MITCHELL of New York: MCCLOSKEY, Mr. NOLAN, and Mr. PAT the following: H.R. 9368. A bill to amend title 38 of the TERSON of California) : " (i) An applicant for a loan guarantee United States Code in order to entitle vet H.R. 9377. A bill to extend and revise the must be a citizen or national of the United erans to 45 months of educational assis'bance State and Local Fiscal Assistance Act of 1972; States. A corporation, partnership, or asso for undergraduate or any other authorized to the Committee on Government Opera ciati(,,n shall not be deemed a citizen of the programs of education; to the Committee tions. United States unless the Administrator deter on Veterans' Affairs. By Mr. BIAGGI: mines that it satisfactorily meets all the re By Mr. NOLAN (for himself, Mr. H.J. Res. 632. Joint resolution proposing quirements of 46 U.S.C. 802 for determining MAGumE, and Mr. PATTERSON of an amendment to the Constitution of the the United States citizenship of such en California) : United States with respect to the right to tities operating a vessel in the coastwise life; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 9369. A blll to amend the Internal triade." Mr. BINGHAM (for himself, Mr. Ros On page 12, Une 19, after "Administrator" Revenue Code of 1954 to limit the extent ENTHAL, Mr. SOLARZ, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. insert "and to the Congress".
E-XTE.NSIONS OF REMARKS LET US NOT ASSASSINATE PUBLIC periodicals, newspaper series, radio and the city of Dallas, Tex., I can assure you CONFIDENCE TV "special programs" demanding that that I have an intense interest in this Congress reinvestigate the John Kennedy matter. Dallas bore the brunt of inter HON. DALE MILFORD assassination. national criticism-much of it vicious OF TEXAS Also noted has been an increasing and vindictive-in the aftermath of this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES number of politicians seeking higher of tragic event. The city was literally torn fice-and would-be politicians seeking apart. Thursday, September 4, 1975 any office-that have joined the. chorus If there is one single shred of physical Mr. MILFORD. Mr. Speaker, I have demanding a new investigation. evidence or one creditable eyewitness or noticed an increasing number. of books, As one of the Representatives from one piece of definite, scientific evidence September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27655 to point to an altenrnte conclusion, from fore, they could only be interested in have the gumption to defy unions and that produced by the Warren Commis investigating the threat to an FBI agent. other pressure groups long enough to set their houses in order. sion, I would be the first to sponsor a res There is a valid reason to find out why In England, however, doctrinaire Social olution to reopen the investigation. this routine threatening note disap ists have never been so pleased. They have However, I shBll not stand idly by and peared from the FBI files in Dallas, and found an ally-inflation of 26 per cent per allow the confidence of our people to be Director Clarence Kelley has stated that year-in their effort to demolish the middle undermined and the city of Dallas to be the FBI is investigating this facet of the class and bring about the "classless society." torn up again in order for a few politi case. I believe that this investigation is The situation is this: Union demands have cians to grab cheap headlines based on being conducted where it belongs, unless kept the working classes ahead of inflation, at some point it becomes evident that while people on fixed incomes-and people sensational books and press media prod with property and savings-have been fall ucts that are designed to sell. there is laxity in the FBI investigation or ing far behind. Result: a redistribution of In many instances, the new crop of handling procedures. income by inflation's Robin Hood that would articles are being written or broadcast to Many of my constituents in Dallas have not have been possible even in Socialist Eng coincide with congressional investiga suggested that this is another case of a land through the political process. tions and congressional revelations of politician grabbing headlines, and they What hope is there for Great Brita.in to Point out that the Senator from Idaho clamber back from the precipice of unwitting past activities of our intelligence and in Marxism? Those of us who respect and admire vestigative agencies. The slant of the is mentioned as a possible Democratic nominee for President. the British-from whom we inherited the articles infer an assumption that the FBI, ideals of political freedom and capitalism the CIA, and even the Warren Commis Mr. Speaker, in order to protect both look now to Mrs. Margaret Thatcher, head sion had "deliberately covered up or the city of Dallas and the good name of of the Conservative party, for a serious chal ignored important evidence" during the my colleague from Idaho, I have today lenge to the dictatorship of the parliamen investigation. notified the FBI that I would like to see tary proletariat. all material, memorandums, and infor Perhaps Mrs. Thatcher thinks of Britain's The usual patterns are for the authors infidelity to the principles of economic free to come up with theories that can be mation concerning the events surround ing the alleged threatening note written dom, just as Hamlet mused on the unfaith neither proven nor disproven-a pheno fulness of his mother: menon that can be observed in any in by Lee Harvey Oswald. I have also asked vestigation of any case. Another tactic for detailed briefings on their procedures 0, that this frozen Welfare State would melt, for investigating incidents of this nature. Thaw, and resolve itself to a.ct a.new! consists of coming up with some sensa Or that the me-too Tories had not joined tional "Monday morning quarterback" As a member of the House Select Com mittee on Intelligence, I shall have full In trendy economics. John Maynard Keynes! observation concerning activities that How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable the investigative bodies should have access to all information on the FBI's It's been to put a nation on the dole. ' done." Finally, there is the tactic of com handling of this and other cases. I fully Fie on't ! For shame! To let unseeded ing up with some sensational sideline intend to review this material with players event, involving principals in the assas studied interest. My key interest will be Grab center court; things sank when "sha.re in checking FBI procedures and work the-wealth" sination itself. All of these make good Obsessed us nearly. That it should come to subjects for books, periodicals, TV shows, practices for handling all situations of this type-not just a single threat to an this! and radio programs. None have any sig In three decades-nay, not so much, not nificant bearing on the findings of the FBI agent in Dallas, Tex., wherein the three- Warren Commission. person making the threat later became an Free enterprise replaced; that was, to this, assassin. Politicians and would-be politicians High tragedy to a satire. So useful to free people can have a field day responding to these That we inspired great nations overseas press media products. They get their ENGLAND MOVES TOWARD To copy our example. 0, Adam Smith! names before the public as they demand DISASTER Can't we remember? Now, inflation rages, investigations or carry out investigations Begun by those who advertised this pitch: and the authors sell more of their prod "Something for nothing." Hark, two per cent ucts because of the politician's interest. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK a month One promotes the other. The only loser OF OHIO The cost of living soars-Frailty, thy name ls is the public who needlessly loses con Wllson!- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He huffs and "draws the line"; false postur fidence in their Government and its in Thursday, September 4, 1975 ing stitution. Since union bosses formed his source of Mr. Speaker, I have noted in the Mon Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, Eng strength day edition of the Dallas Times Herald, land is continuing its slide toward na And nourished him, for years. Now he talks September 1, 1975, that Senator FRANK tional bankruptcy. Inflation, fueled by restraint-- CHURCH and the Select Committee on unreasonable union demands, is running Too late; the far-left clique controls his Intelligence was going to investigate an at an annual rate of 26 percent per year. party incident-first revealed by the Herald The economic handwriting is on the And likes inflation's a.id; married to class wall for England. The Labor Govern struggle, concerning an alleged threatening note Devaluation's way is no more like our own that Lee Harvey Oswald delivered to a ment, however, has failed to take effec Than I to Edward Heath. Observe the plan: Dallas FBI agent several days before the tive measures t-0 check the high rate of To mollify the middle class with pap assassination. inflation. It has bowed to union demands While. workers' wages push inflation up; The note had absolutely nothing to do rather than facing up to economic reality. Ba.nkruptcy--0, most wicked way to strike with the assassination, but concerned a It has kept right on spending rather With such asperity pure Socialism's hour. routine followup that the FBI was con than making needed cuts in government It is not, nor it cannot come to good. expen di tures. But break, my heart--for Labor's still in ducting on Oswald's Russian immigrant power! wife. The FBI had apparently treated The failure of the Labor Government the matter in the same way as they do to ~eal with the inflation problem is forc in the thousands of similar cases that ing the value of the pound to record they handle each year, although an in lows. It is also threatening the very GAO REPORT CONFIRMS BROKEN ternal investigation is underway to check existence of the middle class. RURAL PROMISES for sure. Following is an excellent article on the While I do not want to cast aspersions situation by columnist William Safire: on the gentleman from Idaho or his com MRS. THATCHER'S SOLILOQUY HON. CHARLES ROSE III mittee, I find it difficult to understand (By William Safi.re) OF NORTH CAROLINA why they would spend valuable commit LONDON.-Envision the farsightedness a.nd IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tee time investigating only one of thou courage of the government of New York ap Thursday, September 4, 1975 plied to a whole nation: That's the Govern sands of these threatening notes that are ment of Great Brita.in. Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, on August 18 received by the FBI. Chairman CHURCH Too timorous to cut social services, too the General Accounting Office issued a stated that his committee was not going poor to pay for them, both governments face report to the Congress entitled "Some to get into the assassination itself; there- the same dilemma: Nobody believes they Problems Impeding Economic Improve- 27656 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 ment of Small-Farm Operations: What available to small farmers, could help for help. It is a "terrible and awesome" the Department of Agriculture Could them use their land more efficiently. If situation, one whose long-range effect, if Do." And, in effect. the USDA said that that happens, the supply of food and let go on, can only be imagined. it would do nothing. fiber will increase in the marketplace, This study is significant and persua and that means that costs to consumers sive as it examines the problems and go down. needs of the small family farmer. In ad The USDA must reexamine its Policies UNFINISHED BUSINESS OF THEWAR dition, the GAO report and the conclu rgearding research and extension serv IN SOUTHEAST ASIA sions of my Subcommittee on Family ices to the small farmer. Failure to do Farms and Rural Development. of the so will result in drastic consequences HON. JEROME A. AMBRO House Agriculture Committee are identi for small farmers and consumers in this cal: The USDA has done little to further country. OF NEW YORK research and extension service for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES small farmer. Thursday, September 4, 1975 The 31-page report concludes that- THE "TERRIBLE" STATISTICS Mr. AMBRO. Mr. Speaker, today I Failure to use available technology and emclent management practices effectively ls would like to address my remarks to the a primary reason many small farmers have HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS "unfinished business" of the war in lower volumes of farm sales. OF PENNSYLVANIA Southeast Asia. Americans heralded the · end of United States involvement in The report further states that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Southeast Asia, and rightfully so. But, in USDA, through research and extension Thursday, September 4, 1975 the zealous enthusiasm of the adminis services, could: Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, Voice, the tration to lay the experience to rest, a First. Identify farmers according to re official publication of the Pennsylvania terribly burdened number of American s·ources, abilities, educational back State Education Association, has printed families were relegated to the back burn ground, and willingness to improve; a series of statistics on school crime er, so to speak. I have in mind the par Second. Send Congress the results of a which constitutes a sharp challenge to ents, wives, and friends of the still study determining costs and benefits of every concerned American and certain unaccounted-for POW's and MIA's. I am improved training and technical assist ly to us in Government. satisfied that the United States has ance to small farmers:. Under the heading, "Fact<:; Speak for acted in good faith in this matter, abid Third. Study the potential of the small Themselves," the teachers' newspaper ing by the letter of the law, and then farmers' economic future, and if promis listed crime figures as reported at a re some. However, the fact still remains that ing, develop programs to relate; and cent National Education Association many POW's and MIA's remain unac Fourth. Do forecasting and evaluation convention. Between 1970 and 1973: counted for more than 2 years following of the impact of research and determine Homicides went up 18.5 percent. the Paris Accords. ways to help the small farmer benefit. Rapes went up 40 percent. Given the dichotomy of philosophy Mr. Robert W. Long, Assistant Secre Robberies went up almost 37 percent. between the United States and Southeast tary of the USDA, in a letter to the GAO, Burglaries went up about 12 percent. Asia in general, it seems to me that states that-- Drug and alcohol offenses went up 37.5 there are still two viable alternatives to No further action on the GAO recom percent. pursue. One way is to support passage mendations would be suggested at this time. And assaults on teachers increased 77.4 of the Montgomery resolution, House To ignore the plight of the small family percent. Resolution 335, and the second alter farmer and to refuse to implement the Voice termed these "school facts as native is the need for an accounting of recommendations of this study demon terrible and awesome." I certainly agree. our men prior to any discussion of dip strates that the Department of Agricul· Our schools in too many cases have be lomatic recognition, trade, or aid with ture has removed imelf from the area of come places of great danger. Teachers' any Southeast Asia state. responsibility it was designed to aid. lives are threatened. Students in some The Montgomery resolution would es Mr. Speaker, I have strongly urged schools are in daily peril. And what is be tablish a 10-member Select Committee Mr. Long and his colleagues at USDA to ing done about it? The answer is very which would investigate and study the take a second look and I ask my col little. POW and MIA situation resulting from leagues in the House to join me in this School disciplinarians seldom have operations in North Vietnam, South request. If the basic mission of agricul gotten the backing they need to combat Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. So, at the tural extension is "to help people iden the menace. Many times they have found very least the House would receive a tify and solve their farm, home, and com themselves made villians in crime cases comprehensive report as soon as practi munity problems through use of research on the grounds of having violated some cable, but not later than 1 year from findings and USDA programs," it is clear thing called student rights. Police too adoption of the resolution. I take this to me that the mission has failed. o,ften find their hands tied. The law is view because the most recent C:.ata on the Because the USDA does not see the loose, indeed, in dealing with juvenile subject from DOD utilizes information small farmer as a sound economic risk criminals. gathered before November 1974. it refuses to invest in him. There are And still, year after year, we see The second alternative, namely the not enough extension agents to assist school crime increasing at a rate even need for an accounting prior to any dis him; there are few research programs greater than crime generally. I submit cussion of diplomatic recognition, trade, designed to meet his needs; land.,;grant that it is time for decisive action in this or aid with any Southeast Asia state of college studies of soil and climate con field. If stronger laws are required, then fers an opportunity for the United States ditions never reach his ears. Fertilizer we had better get busy devising them. to exercise some long-sought leverage. costs skyrocket and loans are hard to If the courts have become too permis Some might label such a pragmatic ap find. sive, then this fact must be brought to proach as "arm twisting." However, if The average age of the family farmer public attention and a demand gener one accepts the premise that the United today is around 53. The number of farms ated for changes in judicial attitudes. States has acted in good faith and ex is declining steadily, while the acreage We cannot go on ignoring this problem hausted every means at her disposal to of existing farms is increasing. If we are while more and more schools are turned resolves the unaccounted-for POW's not very careful, we will not have any by young hoodlums into the proverbial and MIA's question, then little else re farmers to represent small-farm opera blackboard jungles. I know that our edu mains. Further, if we accept the idea that tions by the Tricentennial. cation system has multiple difficulties we would be remiss in our duty if the Small farmers control much of the these days and that, in some instances, efforts to obtain an accounting of POW's land in this country, but at a time when teachers appear to be out of line with and MIA's were not unceasing and un we need increased American productiv public sentiment in their district<:;, but in tiring, then it behooves the United States ity, we are seeing a decrease in the pro this crime matter-assaults on teachers to do whatever is necessary to bring ductivity and the number of small farms up 77.4 percent in 3 years' time-I am about such accounting. Research and extension services, if more with them 100 percent in their appeal I rise therefore in support of the September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27657 Montgomery resolution, organizations firm and unqualifl.ed "Yes!" Two merely abhorred violence but she taught her such as VIVA, and implore my col stated that they had no opinion and the re membership to stand up tall and speak maining one didn't 8/nswer the question. out "loud and clear." Said the Afro leagues and countrymen to give new im When the results of all thirteen question petus and direction to e1Iorts to get naires had been tabulated, Senator Richard American in 1960, "When Dr. Lillie on with the "unfinished business" of the son took the extra precaution of running a speaks her piece, Baltimore has learned war in Southeast Asia. personal check to assure that the opinions to listen." One of the former Governors expressed were representative of prison in of Maryland said, "I would rather the mates. He trotted out to Folsom and inter devil got after me than Dr. Jackson, give viewed cons singly and in groups out in the her what she wants." GUN CONTROL prison ya.rd. Every interview agreed with the After her retirement from the NAACP responses contained in the questionnaires! in 1970, she reported that people would One inmate in particular made the fl.at statement that "Only a fool would try to not let her rest; they continued to come HON. SAM STEIGER to her seeking aid and advice. The result OF ARIZONA burglarize a house where the owner was home and known to have a. gun!" When Sen was her organizing the Freedom House, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a.tor Richardson remarked that anti-gun peo Inc., a federation of innercity neighbor Thursday, September 4, 1975 ple were te111ng him the presence of a. gun hood leaders to combat crime and juve doesn't make any difference to a criminal, nile delinquency. Her wisdom and cour Mr. STEIGER of Arizona. Mr. Speaker, another inmate quipped, "Anyone who'd tell Bill Beers of Prescott, Ariz., the outdoor age will long serve as an inspiration to you that has never been shot at!" the Freedom House and to the people of columnist for the Prescott Courier, has Last man to be interview by Richardson written an article which points out some was a. professional armed robber. In his in Baltimore. facts concerning gun control which are terview he made it abundantly clear that worth reprinting in the RECORD. whenever he "cased" a place prior to a rob I have known Mr. Beers for a good bery, the very first thing that he looked for was a gun. If he saw one, or anything indi MILK SCARCITY POSSIBLE many years, and I value his friendship cated the presence of one, the job was off! and judgment. He is well known in Ari This old con, who had spent many years zona as a dedicated sportsman and con behind bars and many more perpetrating HON. RICHARD NOLAN servationist. robberies, summed up the situation with this OF MINNESOTA The following is his article. answer: "I don't appreciate anyone shooting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES YOUR OUTDOORS at me! If you take a gun away from a guy, naturally It makes it better for the armed Thursday, September 4, 1975 (By Blll Beers) robber because the guy that has the gun has Mr. NOLAN. Mr. Speaker, figures re For some time now a great debate has been got the power." And that's the way it is, at going on between the pro and anti-gun folk least in the "professional opinion" of those cently compiled show that milk produc throughout the nation. Lots of people have who should know .•. the hardened and pro tion in Minnesota and other large dairy been getting into the a.ct who have no real fessional criminals a.t Folsom Prison. producing States has dropped sharply. knowledge of guns or their use, either a.s Caught in the squeeze between high farm sporting weapons or by crtm.inals. All kinds costs and low prices, dairy farmers are of statistics have been bandied a.bout con leaving farming in alarming numbers. cerning the use of weapons for commission A TRIBUTE TO DR. LILLIE MAY Many of us argued for higher dairy of various crimes. Lots of opinions have been expressed by public officials and others re JACKSON prices during the consideration of the garding the effect of banning handguns from emergency agricultural price support use by any but law enforcement officers. Most legislation, but we went unheeded. Minn of this opinion has no basis in fact, nor until HON. CLARENCE D. LONG esota's dairy production has now plum now had anyone ever taken the trouble to OF MARYLAND meted 18 percent. It is my hope that the check with any criminals as to their thoughts IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress will again give serious consid on the matter ... a.t least until very recently. Thursday, September 4, 1975 eration to a dairy policy which will assure Finally a state Senator in California, Bill that our farmers continue to produce Richardson, did a little checking a.round and Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, an abundant supply of dairy products whipped up an article which was published Dr. Lillie May Jackson-1889-1975-en for our Nation's tables. in the July issue of "True Magazine." To pre joyed a long and productive life and was pare the piece, Senator Richardson solicited The fallowing article f ram the St. opinions from some of the toughest cons in one of Maryland's finest and beloved citi Cloud Times provides some revealing fig Folsom Prison. Results of his questionnaires zens. She was educated in the public ures on milk production losses: may well leave anti-gunners in a. state of schools of Baltimore and was graduated MILK PRODUCTION IN MINNESOTA DROPS shock . · . . unless they simply have their as a teacher from the Colored High and June, the nationally observed Dairy Month, minds made up and don't wish to be con Training School in 1908. marked another major cut in milk produc fused with facts. A tireless, fearless and indomitable tion in Minnesota., the nation's fourth First, the Senator distributed his ques fighter against racial injustice, Dr. ranked dairy state, the Minnesota. Depart tionnaires among 13 prisoners whose records Jackson early united the Afro-American, ment of Agriculture reported. included every conceivable crime of violence the churches and the masses of people Minnesota. milk production in June fell from five counts of bank robbery to two to 70 million gallons, the lowest volume for counts of first degree murder. Primary ques in a crusade to right ancient wrongs and to make the promises of equality in the that month in 41 yea.rs. tion was "How gun control laws would ef That was nearly 5.8 million gallons less fect the criminal." Of the 13 cons, nine felt U.S. Constitution a reality in the lives of than June 1974 milk production in Minne that handgun registration laws would not all people. She was largely responsible for sota. and was the biggest monthly cut on stop them from using a gun while com keeping the NAACP, of which she was an annual comparison since February 1966. mitting a felony; ten felt that suspected gun local branch president in Baltimore for Minnesota. continued to lead all states in ownership in a residence would stop them 35 years, the largest civil rights organi the a.mount of milk production loss, while from burglarizing that particular house; and zation in Maryland. neighboring South Dakota, sharing the same nine knew of specifl.c cases where robberies Throughout her life she had a deep depressed marketing area, continues to lead were not performed because the subject was a.11 states in percentage of cutback. known to be armed! concern for the poor, the imprisoned and During the first six months of 1975, Minn ... ten of the thirteen experienced law the victims of cruelty. She stood for firm esota's milk production is down 18 million breakers stated that they would definitely law enforcement, but she also demanded gallons or four per cent. South Dakota's take into consideration the presence of weap that such enforcement be just and hu production is down 9 million gallons or 13 ons in a. house or business before becoming mane. In 1956, she was the proud re per cent, compared to the first half of 1974. committed to action. Seven firmly stated that cipient of an honorary degree of doctor Excessive June rains that caused :flooding businesses do develop reputations among of humanities from Morgan State Col in northern and southeastern Minnesota., outlaws for using handguns in self-defense, damaged or destroyed most of the hay cut and slX of these seven were certain that such lege. ting and pastures, and high feed costs that action and reputation does deter burglaries Always she worked within the provi forced farmers to cut milk oow rations by of that particular business! sions of the U.S. Constitution in which more than 9 per cent during June were When the big question ca.me up: "If guns she had an abiding faith, all the while factors in reduced milk production for the were totally banned, would you still be able urging the immediate extension of the month. to get one?", ten of the cons answered a constitutional rights to her people. She But June was merely an extension of ad- 27658 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 verse weather and feed prices for dairy farm a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of bring home the regrettable fact that, in ers for the past year and a half. 25 years, or both. most of our international dealings, our Modest increases in prices farmers are re ceiving for milk helped stabilize the Minne In the commission of such a crime, if people get the worst of the bargain. The sota inventory of milk cows at 878,000, the the criminal should kill or maim any Soviet grain buying, the inflationary all-time low, for the third straight month. other person, the minimum sentence will grain market speculations which these Only Wisconsin, with 1,807,000 and New York, be set at not less than 10 years with a purchases touched off, the Ford Admin with 914,000, have more milk cows than maximum of life imprisonment. istration's refusal to act firmly enough to Minnesota. The implications of this bill go much protect the consumer-these are the rea Minnesota's 434.2 million gallons of milk further, however, than just setting up sons Americans are paying twice as much production for the first half of 1975 repre sented 8.5 per cent of the national supply, Federal penalties for robbing a retail and more than the Russians to eat bread compared with 8.8 per cent of the U.S. milk pha.rmacy. By making the burglary or baked from U.S. grown wheat. supply for the same period last year. robbery of a pharmacy a Federal offense, I am mindful of the admissions made this legislation will give Federal law en- the other day by Agriculture Secretary forcement officials the jurisdiction to aid Earl Butz and his Department's econo and assist State and local authorities in mists that additional Russian buying will BILL INTRODUCED TO CRACK DOWN combating these dangerous crimes. in due time raise consumer food prices ON PHARMACY ROBBERIES The druggists and pharmacists are a here another 1.5 percentage points. I vital link in the chain of dedicated pro would like to hear them try to justify fessionals who provide the necessary this to Time-reading housewives. HON. W. G. (BILL) HEFNER health care needs and services to all OF NORTH CAROLINA Americans. I think that the Federal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Government should take more of the re sponsibility for protecting these valuable MERITS OF THE B-1 PROGRAM Thursday, September 4, 1975 community servants. Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, in the past Through strengthening our Federal HON. LES AS PIN 5 years since the enactment of the Con- laws we have greatly increased the pres trolled Substances Act, large steps for- sure on druggists and pharmacists which OF WISCONSIN ward have been made in the area of drug , crime entails; it now appears necessary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES control and illegal drug trafficking. The to assist these dedicated small business Thursday, September 4, 1975 stringent controls placed on drugs men in order to protect their business Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, on April 19 through the Controlled Substances Act interests as well as their lives. the House Armed Services Committee and the increased activity of the Drug held a unique hearing on the B-1 bomb Enforcement Administration along with er. Two representatives of the Air Force other Federal law enforcement officials and two public witnesses-Arch Wood have been instrumental in the fight TWENTY-NINE-CENT BREAD IN and Dr. Richard Garwin-debated the against drug abuse and various drug MOSCOW merits of the B-1 program. related crimes. Unfortunately, the hearings were However, since the Controlled Sub printed without the inclusion of some stances Act went into effect and the Fed HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS supporting documentation of a statement eral crackdown on drug trafficking was OF PENNSYLVANIA made by Dr. Garwin that there was an intensified, pharmacists and druggists IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agreement between the Department of have become a prime target of drug Thursday, September 4, 1975 the Air Force and the Office of the Sec related crimes. Continually, since the retary of Defense not to study a cruise enactment of the Controlled Substances Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, I call at missile launching aircraft. A cruise mis Act, the number of drug-related crimes tention to an especially important para sile launching aircraft would provide a against retail pharmacies has risen. From graph in Time magazine's analysis of more cost-effective method of fulfilling fiscal year 1973 to fiscal year 1974, the Russia's grain problem and that coun the major portion of the B-1 mission. number of such crimes rose from 4,333 to try's huge new grain purchases here. During the hearing, General Lukeman, 6,320-an increase of 45 percent. The paragraph: who represented the Air Force, stated Senate subcommittee hearings on this Despite the lower 1975 harvest, the Soviet that- topic have revealed that 89 percent of all consumer is unlikely to feel the difference controlled drugs stolen are taken from either in his stomach or his wallet. Rather ! feel an obligation to the DOD to state than cut back on livestock and poultry out for the record that I am not aware of and pharmacies. have never heard of any agreement between The vigor that led Federal law enforce put, Soviet leaders have elected to sell gold worth $636 million to get cash to buy grain the Department of the Air Force and the Of ment officials to crack down on the illegal abroad. The ironic result is that although fice of the Secretary of Defense or the Secre marketing of drugs has not been matched American consumers may be forced to pay tary regarding not doing something with the with a similar concern for the new vic more for food as a consequence of Soviet 747 aircraft. I want to say I have never heard tim-the pharmacists. grain purchases, Soviet citizens will enjoy of it. I am not aware of it. I think that that The pharmacist is now subjected to bread at artificially low fixed prices. They is important. g.reater hazards than any other small range in Moscow from 6 cents for a one To support his statement, Mr. Garwin businessman. For this reason, my col pound loaf of tasty black bread to 29 cents provided some information for the REC for a loaf of the finest white fl.our, probably league from North Carolina, Congress milled from U.S. grain. ORD which, unfortunately, was never in man RICHARDSON PREYER, and I have in cluded in the committee hearings. Mr. troduced a bill, H.R. 9118, that would I have no figures on the number of Garwin's statement reads: make the burglary or robbery of a retail budget-harried U.S. housewives who In response to a question at the Hearing pharmacy a Federal offense. read Time magazine and especially down 4/17/ 75 I promised to submit for the record If enacted into law, this legislation will deep into its reports on economic mat documentation for this statement. The fol provide a penalty of impJ"isonment for ters. But I hope the number is high. And lowing is reproduced from the Senate Armed up to 5 years or a fine of up to $5,000, or I hope, too, that the reading housewives Services Committee Hearings, 93rd Congress, Second Session, on S. 3000-Part 6 Research both, for the breaking and entering of a will compare, as I am sure they will, their and Development March 22, 26, 27, 29, April retail pharmacy with the intent to steal bread costs with those of their Moscow 1 and 2, 1974 (page 2734). In turn this mate a narcotic or other controlled substance. counterparts stocking bread baskets with rial was supplied for the record by the Air Any person who is convicted of break U.S. grain products. A one-pound loaf of Force spokesman. ing and entering a phaJ"macy or attempt fine white-flour bread here runs at twice "* • • no requirement could be estab ing to obtain any controlled drug by the Soviet price in our bakery shops and lished for a new aircraft to carry air-launched force or violence while armed, by assault supermarkets. And since when has a cruise missiles (ALCM). The ALCM is being ing any person, or by jeopardizing the tasty loaf of American black bread been designed to complement and support the life of any innocent person through the bomber during penetration of enemy de available at anywhere near the 6 cent fenses, and this complementarity will be en use of a dangerous weapon or device, will Russian price? hanced when the bomber carriers the mis be fined up to $10,000 or imprisoned for It takes comparisons such as this to sile .... Although no specific costs were est1- September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27659 mated for the cruise missile capability, un DISSENT AND THE CITIZEN-RE More recently the course of the conflict in doubtedly they would be quite signifi MARKS BY A CAREER MILITARY Southeast Asia teaches us a further lesson. cant . ... The combination of potentially high David Halberstam in his book, "The Best and costs, degradation of systems effectiveness by OFFICER the Brightest," attempts to trace the polit proliferating its uses, and the fact that there ical and military decisions which led our is no valid justification for a unique force of oountry into this war and its afterma.th. Mr. cruise-missile launchers led to an agreement HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Halberstam uses the technique of examining between Air Force and OSD not to pursue OF CALIFORNIA the careers of those who took part in the this capability. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES decision-making processes. Those, he says, were supposed to be "The Best and the Clearly, Mr. Speaker, despite General Thursday, September 4, 1975 Brightest." I will not give them names, but Lukeman's statement that such an agree I knew most of these decision-makers either ment did not exist, the Air Force, before Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak personally or from close and frequent obser a congressional committe, has explicitly er, as the United States approaches its vation in the Pentagon, the State Depart said that the agreement did exist. 200th anniversary, we find ourselves ines ment, the White House and in Vietnam. They In short, Mr. Garwin's statement is capably considering events from the past. may have been the best; whatever that correct and, unfortunately, through no Among the most memorable historical means; they may have been bright; but most events have been the wars we have fought. of them were wrong. I knew many who were fault of his own, it was not included in right on these issues--oolonels and captains, the final hearing record. Each and every one of those wars, be ginning with our own War for Independ some more senior, many more junior, but few Mr. Speaker, the Air Force is passing of them survived. In those years dissenters up a unique opportunity to build a tri ence, had dissenter citizens who ques were not popular; most wound up either far capable aircraft-one that would serve as tioned both the wisdom of the entire mil forward in Vietnam or far to the rear in Ice a tanker, cruise missile carrier, and ad itary involvement as well as the specific land. While most of the persons written vanced cargo aircraft. It is unfortunate tactics use as part of that involvement. about by Mr. Halberstam were in the polit that the Air Force has not accepted The traumatic events of the Vietnam ical field or in the Army, some were naval Dr. Garwin's excellent counsel. war have shown us, once again, that mis officers. takes are possible. We cannot afford this way of life in the Despite the lessons of history, some government or in the Navy in the future, for the intervals given us for discussion and leaders in this country still try to stifle decision will be increasingly shorter. If we THE UNITED STATES AND ISRAELI debate, and prevent dissent on major are wrong again there may not be any 2oth EGYPTIAN AGREEMENT policy issues. I do not believe any future century civilization as we know it. effort to stifle dissent will succeed any You may ask-whwt can you as a midship more than it has in the past, but, un man or junior officers do about this. My HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK like days past, failure to allow dissent in answer is that time will go by for you-as a OF OHIO the future may have catastrophic conse busy naval officer-very rapidly. Before you realize it and in a decade you will be the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quences. young commander called upon to give your T hursday, September 4, 1975 This point was recently made by Vice honest and perhaps dissenting opinion. In Adm. William P. Mack, who retired last another few years you will be the senior offi Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, peace mon th as superintendent of the U.S. cers charged with preserving and using the in the Middle East is an important goal Naval Academy. In speaking to a group dissenting opinion of another. of this country's foreign policy. Propos of midshipmen, Admiral Mack encour The point is to begin at this early age to als and agreements that work toward aged them to seek out dissenting points cultivwte an open state of mind-to deter that end deserve support. of view in the course of making military mine to hear all arguments and opinions, no But a number of questions come to the matter how extreme they may seem, and decisions. He urged the junior officers above all to preserve and proteot those who fore over the aspects of the agreement to do what all of us in a decisionmaking voice them. between Israel and Egypt that h ave been role should do, and that is "* * * to de I am not advocating the overthrow of the reported on. termine to hear all arguments and opin principle of loyalty to command as we know One of the first questions is: Has too ions, no matter how extreme they may it. Of course you should support the con much been promised for too little? It seem, and above all to preserve and pro tinuation of the idea of carrying out all law appears that aid to Israel has been prom tect those who voice them." ful orders cheerfully and fully once decisions ised on the $2-$3 billion level. This is not I would urge my colleagues to read the are made. There is no other way. In the fu ture I hope some of you will be the best and to be a one-time request but will be fol following excerpts from Vice Admiral brightest, but by all means, listen to the oth lowed up by further large requests for Mack's address, which was in the Au ers- they may be right. foreign aid in future years. These :figures gust 16 edition of the Washington Post: will be reached through a mixture of PROTECTING THE DISSENTER military and economic aid including ap As I complete 42 years of service I would proximately $350 million a year to buy like to leave to the brigade of midshipmen PETER J. REMMEL, ORANGE COUNTY oil to replace that fr.Jm the Sinai oil a legacy of one idea which represents the LABOR MAN OF THE YEAR, 1975 fields. distillation of that experience. I have Another question more imnortant than thought abouit--and rejected-the most the financial one is: Will the providing obvious ideas-those of the necessity of re membering the importance of people-that HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON of American technicians to man instal people win wars, not machinery. I have con OF CALIFORNIA lations in the Sinai passes be a stabiliz sidered also the corollary thwt knowledge of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing factor or will it make American civil technology will be the key to naval success ians hostage and serve as a triggering in this technical age. There are many other Thursday, September 4, 1975 mechanism for further American in important concepts. Mr. PATTERSON of California. Mr. volvement in any future conflict? I am But the one concept which dominates my Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I concerned about the placement of Amer mind is that of the necessity of listening to take this opportunity to congratulate ican civilians in this dangerous area. It and protecting the existence of the dis senter-the person who does not necessarily Peter J. Remmel, who has been selected is incumbent upon Secretary of State agree with his commander, or wifth popularly by organized labor of Orange County, Kissinger to make available to the Con held opinion, or with you. Unfortunately, Calif., as Orange County Labor Man of gress and to the people all agreements history is full of examples-then Com the Year for 197.5. that have been made or understandings mander Mahan, whose novel ideas of sea Peter Remmel, an Orange County resi or commitments that have been given. power fell on barren ground. Then Com dent since 1954, has been a full-time If the Congress is to consider this mander Sims whose revolurt;ionary-but cor union representative for 23 years. He is agreement, it must h '3. ve the facts and not reot--ideas on naval gunnery ran counter to those of his seniors. Then Commander Rick presently serving as executive secretary vague generalities or assurances that this over, who fought a lone battle for nuclear treasurer of the Orange County Labor is the road tn peace. It is not time for power. All eventually succeeded-but not Council, AFL-CIO, a position he has held ambiguity when there is the question of with the help of patient, understanding since March 1972. His earlier activities stationing American men in the Sinai naval officers. Regretfully, each needed help with organized labor include terms as and the expenditure of billions of dollars. from outside .... president of the Los Angeles Photoen- 27660 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 gravers Union Local 32 and president of citing something by rote, something they did A ridiculously elementary exercise for sixth the Los Angeles Allied Printing Trades not fully comp.rehend. But these are sixth graders, you say? The children didn't think graders I told myself. They should be aware so. With the simple act of each pointing to Council. of what they are saying. I told the class to themselves, they realized that the 'I' was Pete Remmel is a man of action, a try it again. Again, the same results from the themselves making this pledge and all the man who, like the last two recipients of children. things it means. this honor, Lee Kearney and Ray Men Deep inside me I was disturbed and of "We have defined what the rest of the doza, has devoted himself to achieving a fended. My grandfather had come to the phrase 'pledge of allegiance' means," I said, better quality of life for the working per United States as an 1mm.1grant to escape per "and then we say, 'to the flag of the United son. His concern for the trade union secution and for a better life for his children. States of America.' What is a flag? He had sweated and toiled. Though his life "It is a piece of cloth," said one young movement extends beyond Orange Coun was short, his children did live on to realize ster, shrugging his shoulders. Some of the ty to all of California, as exemplified by United States Navy, and HON. WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG against the family. They are now being was a prime participant in naval operations OF COLORADO shadowed and their house watched. in the Spanish American War. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Norwegian Mission to Iron Curtain The Battleship Texas, known as "Old T," countries reports that the Russian lawyer fought in every theater of action in World Thursday, September 4, 1975 Alexander Friesen-recently emigrated to War II. She demonstrated the fighting spirit West Germany-has given the following of Texas from Casa Blanca to Normandy, Mr. ARMSTRONG. Mr. Speaker, as comments: from Iwo Jima. to Okinawa, receiving five our Nation continues to drift toward so "The trial of Vins has not been conducted battle stars for her meritorious service. cialism, a few perceptive observers have 1n accordance with Soviet law. The sentence, When her distinguished career of 34 years begun to call attention to the experience therefore, is not only unjust, but Ulegal, was finally over, patriotic Texans, including of the British, who have given up much because a. number of points in the Soviet thousands of school children who gave their of their independence "for a promise of rules of procedure have been disregarded. dimes and quarters, contributed toward cradle to grave security". In a pre-Inde This fact alone is reason good enough to Texas becoming the first State to save its carry the case to a. higher court." name-sake ship and to preserve it for future pendence Day broadcast, George Salem, generations. KWGN-TV's distinguished commenta Mr. Speaker, American Communists The Battleship Texas and the new nuclear tor, pointed out "the fruits of that prom express outrage about the administra powered Guided Missile Cruiser Texas are ise are bitter and degrading." tion of justice in Chile, for example. both visible tributes to the skill and crafts Mr. Speaker, I commend Mr. Salem's However the present Chilean Govern manship of the men and women of the New thought-provoking remarks to every ment pe~ts hostile foreign delegations port News Shipbuilders and Dry Dock Com Member of the House: to attend trials in Chile and to interview pany who built both of them. I know that Captain Peter B. Fieldler, Jr., ONE MAN'S OPINION prisoners. . . . U.S.N., will lead his men in keeping with the (By George Salem) And when Angela DavIS was m prison great heritage left to this ship by her pred There ls little doubt our society is slowly in the United States, charged with con ecessors in the fleet, and the many patriots but surely heading toward a. benign sort of spiracy to murder, she was not only al of the State of Texas who have dedicated Socialism. Despite a. few diehards, myself in lowed visitors, but was provided with a their lives to the cause of liberty and inde cluded, the pressure for more government is special office and typewriter. And repre pendence. mounting. The will to be independent and sentatives of the press, radio, and tele One of these men, the great Sam Ria.yburn, the strength to do for oneself ls on the wane. vision were permitted to interview her. once said that, "If we are to remain a. force The watchwords today are, "there ought to Even foreign observers were welcomed in the world or retain our liberty, I do not be a law" and "why doesn't the government believe we can wrap two oceans around us do something". And, when these words are at her trial. and be safe or remain free." uttered, there are innumerable do-gooders Yet the Communist movement, do The safekeeping of these oceans--on our standing by in politics, in pressure groups mestic as well as international, has the borders and around the world is the respon and as self-seeking office holders who are unmitigated gall to attack the adminis sibility of the United States Navy. The only too happy to accomodate. It might be tration of justice in the United States. Guided Missile Cruiser Texas will play an im noted here that many Congressmen and Sen What "phonies." portant part in that safekeeping mission. ators, point with pride, to the number of One of its greatest assets is its nuclear power bllls passed by any given session as though propulsion system. The use of this nuclear quantity was any criterion of quality. In power eliminates the dependence on highly essence they a.re patting themselves on the LAUNCHING OF THE U.S.S. "TEXAS" vulnerable fuel oil supply lines around the back for being able to impose more restric world. Conventionally powered escort ships tions on you and me as individuals and in must refuel every few da.ys but the nuclear dustry. And, these restrictions are not con HON. GEORGE ff. MAHON reactor cores in the "Texas" will provide cerned with criminal behaviour, but are sim OF TEXAS power for at least ten years of operation. The ply regulatory in nature. strategic implication of this endurance ca.pa IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES All this in the name of social improve bllity alone is almost limitless. ment and all this, sad to say, on the eve Thursday, September 4, 1975 I know that Oaptain Fieldler, his officers, of the 199th anniversary as a Republic. An Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, on August 9 and men of the new U.S.S. Texas will have other Independence Day as independence the skllls and courage to match these sig decreases, as rugged individualism ls ridi it was my privilege to join with the Sec nificant capabiUties built into their ship and culed and belittled, as the very terms, free retary of the Navy, the Honorable J. will rise to even greater heights to meet the dom, individualism and personal ambition William Middendorf II, the Governor of challenges of the future when called upon are twisted and misused and made to appear Texas, the Honorable Dolph Briscoe, and to do so. less than desirable. It is almost a.s though others in the launching of the nuclear The United states Navy has met all chal this Fourth of July, Independence Day, powered guided-missile cruiser, the lenges in the past, and I am confident they should be celebrated in Requiem for the dear U.S.S. Texas. The ship was cti:isten.ed will continue to meet them now and in the departed rather than with fireworks and by Mrs. Janey Briscoe, the charmmg wife future. stirring music. If the trend toward a social Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz-a gal istic state seems far fetched or, if the pros of the Honorable Dolph Briscoe, Gover pect does not seem all thalti bad, we are nor of Texas. lant commander and great Te:ire.n who so ably 27664 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 fortunate in having in the world today a mounting embarrassment before their na demned the French arms move as a sham. preview of what we could become. We have tionalist followers and the outside world at Most, including all those who traditionally but to look at England. The once proud maintaining close ties to France when it ap rely on France for economic aid, have pub ruler of the ocean waves, the empire on peared to be South Africa's chief military licly accepted it as a genuine blow to South which the sun never set. The home of the backer.... Most, including all those who Africa. independent Britisher who spread commerce traditionally rely on France for economic aid, How little the ban was Intended to be a over half the world and had the guts to have publicly accepted it as a genuine blow blow can be Judged from the fact that it stand up to Napoleon and Hitler in recent to South Africa. exempted naval arms and warships. times. Not conquerable by force of arms, Officially, the exemption rests on the argu England is going under because of a liberal, It seems interesting that a large num ment that naval weapons could not be used socialistic assault that undermines, divides ber of black African states are willing to by South Africa for internal repression. Ac and eventually destroys. England today has judge France by one standard while re cording to sources here, the real reason is an inflation rate of 25%. Unemployment is serving another one for the United States. that even by licensing or assembling foreign widespread, prices are high, wages are low. Although the United States has given made parts, South Africa lacks capacity for Imports far exceed exports putting a ter millions of dollars in aid to black African the naval strength it requires and Will not rible strain on the British pound. They have states, those same countries criticize and possess it for many years. So naval arma no viable fiscal policy to cope With the prob ments were specifically excluded from the lem and they are at the mercy of labor condemn any U.S. action toward South ban. unions whose only thought is higher wages Africa which would put this country's Meanwhile, South Africa Will continue and benefits. The Parliament is split a dozen foreign policy in that area on a more ra manufacturing French arms under dozens of different ways. Medical benefits are prac tional basis. licensing agreements concluded within the tically free which has put a terrible strain American foreign policy should not be past 12 years. Most still have a number of on doctors and medical fac111ties. In ordi determined by the double standards of a years to run. The terms of the French ban nary dental checkups to catch defects before do not appear to prevent them being renewed they become major ills, the wait is up to two number of African states. Our policy should be to put our interests first. when they expire. years. . . . Mllitarily weak, England has One license somewhat different from the pulled out of almost every strategic area At this point I include in the RECORD others involves the French-designed Crotale of the world and without the United States an article entitled "South Africa Not ground-to-air missile. Known in South they would be completely at the mercy of Hurt by French Arms Ban" from the Africa as the Cactus, its design and develop any nation of any size. Washington Post of August 29, 1975: ment has been a Joint Franco-South African The British gave up their independence PARIS AIDS PRETORIA lNDUSTRY--SOUTH AFRICA financial undertaking. for a promise of cradle to grave security but To fill in the few gaps which the French the fruits of that promise are bitter and de NOT HURT BY FRENCH ARMS BAN (By Bernard Kaplan) restrictions may create, informants here said grading. We are headed for that same false that South Africa has started shopping Eden. This fourth and all of the Bicentennial PARrs.-Untn South Africa is able either around Europe. year of '76 would be better spent striving to to build the weapons it needs or to find The South Africans have quietly concluded rekindle the spirit of Independence that alternative suppliers, France apparently does arms deals With Spain-for mortars and fostered our many blessings instead of cele not plan to make strict application of its rockets-and Italy-for torpedoes. Italy, brating something fast becoming only a announced ban on arms sales to that nation. sources here said, may pick up whatever memory. France's decision to bar most arms ship business is lost to France. ments to white minority-ruled South Africa was coupled with a commitment to give aid for South Africa to make its own weaponry AFRICAN DOUBLE STANDARD at home. The chief example of this aid involves the latest version of the Mirage Jet fighter, the THE CONTINUING TRAGEDY OF THE HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK F-1, France's most advanced military air EXTERMINATION OF THE GREAT OF OHIO craft. South African engineers and designers WHALES, THE DOLPHINS, AND IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are working long hours here with their coun PORPOISES Thursday, September 4, 1975 terparts at Dassault, the company which makes the F-1, on a program for South Africa Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, a good to manufacture the plane from scratch. HON. ALPHONZO BELL amount of propaganda in this country is South Africa already assembles its own OF CALIFORNIA aimed at countries in Africa, the Re version, known as the F-1, AZ-"Z" for Zuid Afrika. But many of the parts still must be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public of South Africa and Rhodesia. Sec imported from France. Thursday, September 4, 1975 retary of State Kissinger support.5 the re Under the restrictions announced three imposition of the U.N.-sponsored em weeks ago by President Valery Giscard Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, a terrible bargo on Rhodesia. In August 1963 the d'Estaing, it is not clear whether the sale tragedy for mankind and the entire eco U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations of aircraft parts 1s prohibited. The embargo system is now being played out on the announced U.S. support for a ban on the specified "arms deliveries," other-than naval high seas. The great whales and their sale of arms to South Africa. Such a posi armaments. No restrictions were placed on close cousins, the dolphins and porpoises, tion was in accord with a resolution of the continued manufacture of French weap are being sytematically driven to extinc the United Nations. ons under license by the South Africans. tion by modern fishing fleets. Sources here say that the French had Rhodesia is an important supplier of carefully prepared the Pretoria government A great international outcry has risen chrome to this country. Chrome is used for Giscard d'Estaing's announcement-made against the wholesale slaughter of the in the specialty steel industry among during an official visit to Zaire. South Africa last of the great whales by Japanese and other industries. reacted with almost total phlegm, knoWing Soviet whalers. This intense public pres On a number of occasions South Africa beforehand that every care would be taken sure is beginning to have e:fiect in Japan has o:fiered the use of the Simonstown to cushion any practical repercussion on its and the Soviet Union. Those countries Naval Base for American naval vessels. military capacity. may end whaling before their ruthless South Africa's geographical position is This aid was the South African govern fleets harpoon the last whale. ment's price for not retaliating by reducing one of great strategic impartance. nonmilitary imports from France, currently But the smaller cetaceans, the dolphins While the United States has diligently worth well over $250 million in industrial and porpoises, are now being threatened followed the U.N.-sponsored sales em products and groWing, the sources added. with the same fate. Hundreds of thou bargo on arms to South Africa, other Little attempt was made to disguise any sands of these intelligent, friendly mam countries have not. One of these, France, of this from the black African states friendly mals have been killed in recent years. continues selling weapons and engages to France. According to sources, leaders like Several dolphin and porpoise species are in various licensing practices which en President Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire were now facing extinction. able South Africa to manufacture French prepared to close their eyes to the purely Tuna fishermen are responsible for the nominal effect of the French action. weapons. Recently France has announced They wanted-and got--a formal gesture, needless killing of most of the dolphin an arms ban on South Africa, but it to appease their own mounting embarrass and porpoise. The modem tuna boat uses really is one more of appearances than ment before their nationalist followers and a huge purse-seine net to catch yellowfin reality. A recent Washington Post story the outside world at maintaining close ties tuna. In the process, hundreds of dol reported: to France when it appeared to be South phins and porpoises are usually trapped They (black African states) wanted-and Africa's chief military backer. in the net. Many are unable to escape got-a formal gesture, to appease their own A few African governments have con- the closing trap. They drown or are September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27665 mutilated by the net. The dead and dying fishing method involves the use of speed none of them has been proposed for the animals are thrown to the sharks. boats to spread huge nets around the schools threatened or endangered lists. of dolphins (or "porpoises" as they are called The yellowfin tuna caught by using dol Japanese fishermen kill thousands of by the fishermen), which are then drawn in phins accounts for only 10 per cent to 15 dolphins and porpoises each year for to land the tuna beneath the dolphins. When per cent of the tuna sold in the U.S. It ts food. Japan is the only nation to actively this happens, sometimes hundreds or even clear that the tuna. fishermen will soon have harvest these mammals for human con thousands of dolphins either drown or die of to stop setting nets on dolphins in any event, sumption. The Japanese consider the shock. Although most of them could jump for they a.re rapidly running out of these whales, dolphins, and porpoises to be "big out of the net and escape, they appear re remarkable creatures. In addition, Project fish." Of course, the family of cetaceans luctant to abandon a fellow dolphin that is Monitor, a coalition of conservation and en are not fish, but highly complex mam injured or in distress. Mothers in particular vironmental groups in Washington, D.C., refuse to leave their infants, so often entire headed by Col. Milton Kaufman, has filed mals with intelligence second only to families remain huddled together in the net suit, through Environmental Defense Fund man. "whistling" sonar distress calls. By 1970, in lawyer Richard Gutting, to force NMFS to Japanese fishermen recently wiped out just one area of the eastern tropical Pacific, halt substantially the killing and require an entire school of 500 dolphins near the a.n estimated 250,000 to 400,000 dolphins were government observers on the tuna boats to village of Taiji in Wakayama Prefecture. being killed each year in this manner. ensure that the law is adhered to. When the dolphins came swimming along In order to put an end to the slaugh In the meantime, greedy, short-sighted the coast, six boatloads of fishermen went ter, Congress in 1972 passed, and the Presi tuna fishermen are continuing to push these dent signed, the Marine Mammal Protec species of dolphins towards extinction, while out and herded the dolphins into shallow tion Act. This law stated that its "immediate indifferent government bureaucrats, with the waters. Then the fishermen clubbed the goal" was to reduce the incidental killing of responsibllity for protecting them, look the dolphins to death and sold them to fish dolphins "to insignificant levels approach other way. dealers for $17 .20 per head. ing a zero mortality and serious injury rate,'' The slaughter of the marine mammals with a. two year time-table for accomplishing must be halted. The inadvertent killing this requirement. In addition, the law gen OCTOBER LEAGUE NATIONAL of the dolphins and porpoises by the tuna erally prohibits the issuing of a. government CONVENTION fishermen was the subject of a story that permit for the killing of any "depleted" spe cies. Over the protests of conservationists, appeared recently on the editorial page the Commerce Department's National Marine HON. LARRY McDONALD of the Washington Post. I insert the Fisheries Service (NMFS), headed by Robert article for the information of the Con W. Schoning, was given jurisdiction over OF GEORGIA gress and the public at large. The author, the problem. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Lewis Regenstein, is executive vice-presi It is now obvious that the main dolphin Thursday, September 4, 1975 dent of the Fund for Animals. It is species involved in this killing are so de adapted from his recently published and pleted as to be in actual danger of extinction. Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. hard-hitting book, "The Politics of Ex According to an October, 1974, report com Speaker, the October League-Marxist tinction." piled by the Federal Marine Mammal Com Leninist--a self-proclaimed Communist mission (MMC), the killing by 1974 was con organization devoted to Mao Tse Tung's SAVING THE DOLPHINS tinuing at a rate of a.t least 100,000 dophins Dolphins and porpoises have traditionally a year, and some authorities feel that double variety of communism, held its third na been known for their extra.ordinary intelli that figure might be more accurate. (Since tional congress in Epes, Alabama, June gence, their seeming love for one another and NMFS has refused to place observers on most 28-29, 1975, at the Federa.tion of South their remarkable friendliness toward man. of the tuna boats, these estimates are mini ern Coops. For centuries, stories have circulated of these mal and are probably much lower than the In its "Manual of Open a.nd Secret mammals helping primitive peoples, living actual mortality.) The government report Work" distributed this May, extensive along rivers or coastal areas, to catch fish, concluded that the killing "represents an sections of which I have previously with dolphins becoming an integral part of unacceptably high level of mortality, both in placed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the these fishing cultures. For instance, Pliny the terms of the specific charge of the Marine Elder (A.D. 32-79) has described how ancient Mammal Protection Act . . . and in terms of October League-OL--states: French or Gallic fishermen used dolphins to the overall protection and conservation poli • • • our organization is out to overthrow lead them to schools of fish and then shared cies and objectives of the Act to maintain capitalism. • • • we are democratic cen their catch with these friendly cataceans. Ac the health and stability of the marine eco tralists. • • • our members are cadre striv cording to him, the dolphins even waited in system." ing to become professional revolutionaries. the area until the following day, to be re NMFS is well aware of what is happening warded for their efforts with bread dipped in to the dophins. A 1974 study prepared by The OL's National Preparations Com wine. NMFS reports that one dolphin species--the mittee for the Congress, headed by Cen The countless tales of dolphins cooperating so-called spotter porpoise (Stenella attenu tral Committee members Sherman N. with fishermen by chasing fish into their ata)-may be "30% to 80% lower than the Miller and Lynn Wells in Detroit, issued nets, once believed to be apocrypha.I, have pre-exploitation population in the early preconvention discussion papers and a now been confirmed by scientific observers. 1950's." The report indicates that the other call. The October League's Central Com In 1878, J. Anderson described how certain dolphins, such as the spinner porpoise (Sten mittee also issued a report on the confer Burmese villages along the Irrawady River ella longirostris), are also in grave trouble; each had their own "guardian dolphin" that and the Marine Mammal Commission con ence which was made available to me "the fishermen believe purposely draws fish cluded in its study that "it is clear that mor during the recent recess in my district. into their nets." In 1954, "Natura.I History" tality of both (these species] must be re The October League Central Commit carried a. similar account, by B. F. Lamb, of duced significantly in order to ensure, with tee's "Call for Third Congress of the OL the Ta.pegos River Dolphin of South America. reasonable probability the safety of the basic began: Lamb observed fishermen tapping on the side porpoise stocks." It has been more than a year since our of their ca.noes and whistling for "their" dol Still NMFS Director Robert Schoning re last Congress in July of 1973. Since that time, phins, which appeared immediately after a. fuses to act to eliminate the slaughter. Un excellent progress has been ma.de towards our miner's la.mp was lit: "This same porpoise der intense lobbying pressure, NMFS has is objectives of (1) constructing the founda helped the fishermen in all their night fish sued rules and regulations largely designed to tions for a new Communist Party; (2) ing, scaring the fish from the deep water back placate the powerful tuna industry, namely strengthening and expanding the anti-im to the shallows." Recently, Jacques Cousteau Ralston Purina, Star Kist, H.J. Heinz, Bum perialist united front and (3) developing and his crew observed and filmed a coastal blebee Seafoods, and the American Tunaboat revolutionary work among the proletariat fishing tribe in Maureta.nia., Africa, that beats Association. The industry is represented in and the oppressed nationalities. the ocean surface with sticks in order to Washington, D.C. by the well-connected law attract dolphins, which in turn help drive firm of Covington & Burling, and by lobby Later this report states: schools of mullet into their nets. ist George Steele. Besides violating the Ma The period since the last Congress has wit U.S. tuna. fishermen also use dolphins to rine Mammal Protection Act, NMFS is also nessed the rapid growth of our organization. catch fish, but they are wiping out these in violation of the Endangered Species Act of • • • Hundreds of new members have joined mammals in the process. The U.S. Pacific 1973, which requires the agency to protect our ranks from the working class, the op tuna fieet first began killing dolphins on a not only endangered species, but also any pressed nationalities, the revolutionary large scale in the 1960s, when a new "purse species that is "threatened"-"likely to be minded students and intellectuals as well as seine" method of netting yellowfin tuna came come an endangered species Within the fore from the most dedicated sections of the Left. into widespread use. Being warm blooded, air seeable future throughout all or a signifi We have more than surpassed the quotas set breathtng mammals, dolphins are found on cant portion of its range." Despite the over last July for recruitment and the class make the surface of the ocean, and some species whelming, incontrovertible evidence that up of the OL has changed greatly from that often travel with yellowfin tuna. The new these dolphins a.re moving toward extinction, time. During this past year, we have waged a. 27666 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 determined struggle against revisionism and Area fadlity]. The Brotherhood Caucus gave Patricia Klonsky-wife of Fred-Robert ultra-leftism. * * * we have succeeded in us a lesson. We didn't build the revolution W. Berschinski; Charles Costigan, leader thoroughly exposing the neo-Trotskyist Cqm daily so the workers found it hard to dis of the OL Trade Union Commission; Odis munist League and the social-chauvinist tinguish between us and Early Mays." Revolutionary Union. * * * we have suc Hyde; Eileen Klehr; Sherman N. Miller; ceeded in forging unity with many other Costigan continued, proclaiming that Yolanda Sharizi, Chicano Commission; groups and organizations and individuals and "the national question is the cornerstone Ramon Morales, Puerto Rican Commis have won many of them to our ranks. Rela of our labor work"; and stressing the sion; Dan Burstein; Jill Gemmill, Wom tions between us and the rest of the commu importance of making a frontal attack en's Commission; and Lynn Wells. nist movement have deepened and the con on the Communist Party, U.S.A. in the Following the 0Gtober League national ditions for organizational unity with the labor movement, both in theory and in meeting, central committee member majority of honest revolutionaries in the practice. Charles Costigan of Atlanta led what country have never been greater. Other October League "main speak Peking's New China News Agency called At the meeting, "messages of solidarity ers" at the national meeting included a "U.S. workers delegation organized by from fraternal-Maoist-organizations" Dan Burstein, recently returned from a the October League-Marxist-Leninist" were reported as being received from visit to Communist China, who not un to the Communist Chinese capital for revolutionary groups in Sweden, India, expectedly delivered the presentation on what was euphemistically termed "a Italy, Britain, Germany and Norway; the international situation; Jill Gemmill, friendly visit." Costigan's delegation ar from the Revolutionary Student Move leader of the Central Committee's Na rived in Peking on August 7 for an ex ment of Quebec; and from such U.S. tional Women's Commission and a mem tended visit. groups as the J-Town-Japan-Town ber of the National Coordinating Com Insight into the October League's rev Collective in San Francisco and the Au mittee of the Coalition of Labor Union olutionary fanaticism may be obtained gust 29 Movement-ATM. Women-CLUW-Yolanda Sharfzi, op from examination of some of the lyrics The OL Congress was opened by Chair erator of the OL's Unidos Bookstore in of one of its songs, which were submitted man Michael Klonsky, who commenced East Los Angeles who introduced the by OL's Boston district. The song, "Let's with the announcement that the OL Chicano resolution; Odis and Ruth Hyde, Move On," is to the tune of "Bandera would move forward with its plans to old Stalinists formerly active in the Rosa" or "Avanti, Populo" and some build the new Maoist Communist Party CPUSA who find Mao Tse Tung verses follow: in this country. Klonsky set forth as the thought more congenial; Nanny Leah Social imperialism cannot survive, main task of the meeting of OL's highest Washburn, an Atlanta OL activist now As world revolution continues to thrive. body the consolidation around a general in her seventies who traveled to China (Repeat.) line for building that new pro-Chinese with an October League Women's dele REFRAIN Party. gation in 1973; Lynn Wells; Eileen Klehr; So let's move on and smash bourgeois rule, Klonsky delivered a vitriolic polemic Sherman Miller and Robert Berschinski With a new communist party as our mighty tool. against the "revisionist, social imperial yet another OL China traveller. United with the masses of every land, ist" Communist Party, U.S.A., the party An analysis of the October League's Proletarian internationalism's our firm his father, Robert continues to serve convention materials indicates the area stand!! faithfully. In part Klonsky said: of most immediate organizing will be the • • • • • At this very moment, here are actually two formal creation of the new Communist Using armed struggle and building class war Congresses taking place. The scab Conven Party. Other areas of future OL activity fare, we'll smash imperialism and gain tion of the CPUSA ha.s had a lot of pub documented in the materials include: our rightful share. licity in the oopitalist press-while our Con Support for the Puerto Rican independence (Repeat.) gress has been organized secretly with no movement, coupled with an attempt to re • • • • fanfare. They are celebrating the bour duce CUban (pro-Soviet) infiuence on the We are members of the October League; geoisie's anniversary with a big bi-centennial Puerto Rican revolutionary groups; In the communist movement we're ta.king celebration and will come out with a slwte Militant attacks on the Communist Party, a lead. of candidates for the 1976 elections. We will U.S.A. for its pro-Sovietism; To build a party is our goal; leave this Congress with our revolutionary Support for the organizing and boycott We'll make a new world and smash the old. tasks clear. Their convention represents the activities of the United Farm Workers of decadence of the bourgeoisie and will cer America (UFW) ; tainly prepare for an even greater assault on Support for women's liberation issues, the Marxist-Leninists. We welcome their as coupled with attacks on "bourgeois" femin.1.st sault. Though they are still much bigger, movements such as the National Organi A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO LAND Marxism-Leninism is invincible and is be zation for Women (NOW) and an effort to USE PLANNmG coming a material force among the masses. e~pand OL influence in the Coalition of They can't ignore us! Labor Union Women (CLUW); The building of "a network of sympathiZ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN. JR. With such an opening speech, it is not ers" around every OL unit, where chapter OF CALIFORNIA surprising that the principal resolution or front; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the October League Congress had Total and uncritical support for the posi three main theses: tions of the People's Republic of China., With Thursday, September 4, 1975 ( 1) party building htas become a question attacks on the United States-U.S.S.R. Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. of immediacy. detente. Speaker, the purpose of my remarks (2) the OL should begin to accelerate its As a part of its party building effort, today is to bring to the attention of my efforts towards the organizational formation colleagues and the readers of the CON of the new party, and the October League will expand its (3) the present period calls for a shift in monthly "official political newspaper," GRESSIONAL RECORD a remarkable docu our party building work to emphasize on the the Call, first to a biweekly, and later to ment on land-use planning that can be organizational forging of the party itself. a weekly publication. used as a handbook for effective legisla The October League Central Commit tion. The reason I find this document The OL Congress received reports from tee was expanded to 15 full members and unusual is that it is the consensus, and the organization's various "commis 3 alternates. The executive committee I stress the word consensus, report of a sions"-Political, Chicano, Puerto Rican, was also expanded and their policies unique group of conservationists and Women's, Afro-American, and Trade changed from "collective decisions" to business persons who served together on Union. a "division of labor." As a part of this the California land-use task force. Their In delivering the report of the OL variation, Organizational and Political consensus :findings were not what one Trade Union Commission, Charles Costi Bureaus were formed and a general sec would expect from a divergent group who gan said: retary's post created. held a variety of strong beliefs, and rep Making every factory a fortress of com October League sources indicate that resented a broad spectrum of special in munism is the goal of our labor work. Our terests. Instead of being vague and tenta experience has shown that it is not enough the top leadership, "half women and to take up the immediate demands of the minorities," presently includes: tive, this report is specific and forceful workers---these must be linked to the final Michael Klonsky, chairman; Fred on the need for new legislation to deal aims. A good example is Fremont [GM's Bay Klonsky (Michael's younger brother); with land-use issues. September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27.667 The preface to the report, "The Cali framework of State and Federal guide should be explicitly stated goals for needed fornia Land: Planning for the People,'' lines, and local planning occurs within construction. Merely negative or restriotive describes the background of the report as the framework of necessary regional, land-use policies are not enough. Controls on land use must be guided by an follows: State and Federal guidelines. articulate set of goals and policies that make This report is the result of twelve months This issue has become polarized, but it clear what patterns of land use a.re desired of study and debate by the California Land the problems remain, and sooner or later and why. These should specify economic, so Use Task Force. the Congress will have to face up to the cial, physical and environmental objectives In it we set forth a plan of action for need for effective legislation. for the present and long-term future and dealing with the complex problem of land The introduction to "The California should set priorities among these objectives. l~ se planning in California. Land" sums the situation up as follows: Land-use plans must address social problems It is addressed to Governor Edmund G. which lie out.side the strict definition of Brown, Jr. and his Administration; to the Of all the greait issues before us today, land "land use." members of the California State Legislature; use may be the least understood. Yet land Planning is an integral pa.rt of government to elected local officials; and to the people is the basic resource, and in one way or an at all levels. It must be area-wide as well as of California. other all of the problems which the human state-wide and local. In preparing this report we have looked race must confront in this century-prob Land-use plans must be binding, first of closely at how and where decisions which lems of food, housing, energy, resources, pop all, on the actions of state government. State affect t he use of land are made. ulation-lead us to the central question of agencies have done much to shape land use We have concluded that the lack of com how the land is used. by their spending policies and their decisions prehensive land-use planning is a major Land use cannot be la.belled as merely an on what to build and what not to build. State impediment to the kind of future we want "environmental" issue. It is far broader than agencies should be required to operate ill for California. It lies at the root of many of that. It is a. fundamental human activity accordance with a. state land-use plan, and California's major problems, environmental, which affects every business person, worker, this a.lone would be an enormous step for social, and economic. It demands our serious and consumer. ward. attention, and the work must begin imme In the past Californians have ta.ken an State planning must consider all the land. diately. interest in land-use problems, but they have We do not support the "critical area" ap only looked at some small part of the over-all proach to state planning. All parts of the The authors go on to say: picture: at the need for open space, the state are interrelated to some extent and The California Land-Use Task Force came problems of power plant siting, or the pres state policy must consider the entire land together with the conviction that land use ervation of a. unique natural resource, for area. This does not mean that the state it was of common concern to the many diver example. And they have responded with sin self must directly regulate every acre, but a gent interest groups within the state: that gle-purpose programs. There is little evi policy which judges only certain lands to be it should be possible for representatives of dence, so far, of any understanding that "critical" and therefore worthy of state at these groups to sit down together to explore these many land-use problems and their res tention is inadequate. problems, clear away misunderstandings and olution tie in with one another a.nd depend When planning procedures and controls arrive at some fundamental points of agree on one another-that they a.re, in fact, differ are established, the Legislature must appro ment on what steps California should take ent aspects of the same problem. priate the money to make them work. This toward comprehensive land-use planning. It is time to take a look a.t the whole pic may seem obvious, but in the past there have Our report is a consensus document result ture, and to begin to create a comprehensive been many dramatic reforms that have failed ing from an attempt to accommodate differ process for deciding how the land of Cali because of inadequate financial support. ent points of view. There were, of course, fornia is to be used. Failure to do so would The planning process should be decision many issues on which we disagreed. But the be a tragedy for present and future genera oriented and controls must be clear. Each refreshing discovery-which made the entire tions. planning job should be assigned to some experience valuable and productive-was Already there are alarming signs that the level of government with specific account that there were more areas of agreement land is in da.nger:that many of the natural ability and responsibility. There should be than disagreement. qualities that have brought people to Cali procedures for quick and fair decisions when Therefore, we believe that the conclusions fornia, ma.de it such a rich and productive land-use conflicts a.rise. Explicit standards of this report a.re both solid and encouraging. part of the Earth, are deteriorating. should be set so that all interested parties We believe that the new methods suggested California's farmland is being converted to can be reasonably sure of where they stand. here will work and that they a.re seriously urban uses without thought for the future The Governor must be involved in the needed. we urge that they be enacted into needs of the state. planning process. The plan should refiect law. We recommend them to you. While suburbs expand across vacant lands, older downtown areas wre rapidly declining. current policies and result in appropriate Mr. Speaker, I am fully aware of the At the same time, the housing shortage- executive actions. political controversy that surrounds na especially for people of low and moderate in The Legislature must be involved in the planning process; it should create the neces tional land-use legislation, and the fact come-increases. sary land-use planning structures and pro that the Committee on Interior and In Air pollution continues to cause severe vide appropriate policy guidance on a con sular Affairs has already rejected a bill damage to humans and crops. Our store of natural resources dwindles tinuing basis. this year. Some have considered the ac rapidly, unable to keep up with ever growing Citizens must be involved in the plan...Tling tion of the Interior Committee a final demands. process. The plan should refiect the needs chapter in the debate which has gone on Meanwhile, the energies of business people, and aspirations of people, and there should for over 6 years in the Congress. Such a developers, conservationists and elected ofil be suitable channels of communication es belief would be foolish, given the fact cials have been absorbed in wasteful disputes tablished to facilitate public participation. that the problems this legislation was over particular land-use issues. Decisions are The state should also maintain a state often yea.rs in coming and rarely satisfactory wide bank of data on land-use planning as meant to address remain, and as long as public information, available and easy to use. the Federal Government continues to to all concerned. influence land uses through the variety This summarizes the problem quite The full report of the California land of direct and indirect programs it sup well, but much more can be said, and use task force recommended several spe ports, the need for a coordinated ap should be said, about each of the smaller, cific legislative actions that the State of proach will remain. It is unfortunate but interrelated subjects of energy, agri California can take. I will not list them that this simple fact, thus stated, leads culture, resources, transportation, cities, here, but I will say that they are more some to charge that Federal control of housing, compensation, and taxation. detailed and better structured than are local land-use decisions will result. The The report by the task force does this, the proposals for Federal law. problems at the Federal, State, and local in a short but informative way, and adds This report is, as I said earlier, re levels are similar, but not the same. As much to the understanding of this sub markable because its recommendations the report of the California land-use task ject. After hearing about the complex are the consensus findings of divergent, force points out, the level of control mix of issues considered by the land-use often clashing viewpoints, but, in spite should be at the level most capable of task force one might ask what possible of this broad base, the recommendations dealing with the problems in a particular consensus can be reached? are specific and urgent. situation. Thus, under Federal legisla The following guidelines for the draft The Congress, which has dealt unsuc tion, Federal planning decisions are ing of legislation which were adopted by cessfully with this problem for years, made only on matters of national im the task force help answer this question: could learn from the California experi- portance, State planning decisions are First, the state must decide not only what ence. The Planning and Conservation made only on matters of statewide im lands are suitable for pollcles of preservation Foundation, which funded the California portance, areawide planning takes and conservation but also what lands are land-use task force, has set an example place for regional problems within the suitable for policies of development. There that national associations involved with CXXI--1742-Part 21 27668 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · September 4, 1975 land use, from the Sierra Club to the for his conviction. For a quarter of a cen e&ted in bringing out a work of high drama, chamber of commerce, would do well to tury we have waited in vain for an ex might consider a documentary reprise of the follow. planation or rebuttal. Yet, despite this House hearings and the New York trials. This At this time I wish to list the au failure, Hiss now urges the American was confrontation worthy of any Sophocles or thors of the report, who are the members ShakespeMe. Chambers, the witness, had but people to believe his innocence. one purpose--to testify to the evil of com of the task force, to give them the rec Alger Hiss does not deserve exonera munism, and to warn complacent Americans ognition they deserve for a job well done. tion. His conviction for perjury was jus that they must come to grips "with a secret, THE CALIFORNIA LAND-USE TASK FORCE tified in 1950 and it is still right today. sinister and enormously powerful force whose The members of the California Land-Use Following are two ex cell en t articles t'ireless· purpose is their enslavement." Task Force are listed here with the organi on this subject by columnists James J. Chambers sensed from the outset that he zations with which they are affiliated. Their K_ilpatrick and William F. Buckley: himself w,as doomed. He lost his job and his personal endorsement of the conclusions of [From the Washington Star-News, Aug. 7, health. In the second trial he heard his san this report in no way implies the endorse 1975] ity questioned. A target of vilification and ment of their organization. scorn, he died in obscurity on his Maryland Richard A. Wilson, Chairman, the Plan SANCTIFICATION OF A CONSUMMATE LIAR-HISS farm in 1961. The renewed effort to establish ning and Conservation Foundation. (By James J. Kilpatrick) the innocence of Hiss necessarily must seek Richard A. Reese, Vice-Chairman, the A movement is gaining momentum for the anew to prove the gullt of Chambers. And Irvine Co. sanctification of a consummate liar, Alger Chambers no longer is around to speak for John W. Abbott, Richard Grant, California Hiss by name. Before the movement gets himself. Tomorrow. completely out of hand, a few words of Whtttaker Chambers was America's Solzh Edmund Atkins, City Planner. caution, remonstrance and reminder are in enitsyn-an intellectual who knew commu David Fogarty, R&lph Crouch, Southern order. niSllll closely, at first hand, and saw with ter California Edison Co. The judgment of "liar" is a jury's judg rible clarity the absolute evil of Communist James F. Dickason, Thomas L. Sutton, Jr., ment, returned in January, 1950 after two ideology. A gentle man, he never sought to A.I.A., the Newhall Land and Farming Co. long trials. Now Hiss, at 71, is seeking once destroy Hiss as a person. For months Cham Marjorie W. Evans, Bank of America. more in the court of public opinion to over bers resisted opportunities to speak of actual Stephen D. Gavin, Cynthia Maduro Ryan, turn that verdict. A few days ago he ob espionage. Chambers wanted only to bear Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Co. tained access to certain evidence against witness for freedom, and against slavery. One .Carlyle W. Hall, Jr., Center for Law in the him. Before long, we will be awash in fresh day his greatness as writer, thinker and hu Public Interest. charges that the FBI rigged, stacked and man being will be recognized. Ira D. Hall, Mid-Peninsula Coalition Hous fabricated the case against Hiss, and such is On his new road to martyrdom, Hiss will ing Fund. the gullibility of a disenchanted public that get some mileage from Chambers' as.soctatlon E. S. Hamilton, Standard Oil Company of some of these self-serving charges will gain with the California congressman of 1948. The California, (Chevron Land and Development credence. reaisoning is that because Richard Nixon lied Co.). Because a whole generation has grown up 1972-74, therefore Whittaker Chambers lied Huey D. Johnson, Gregory Archbald, the since the Hiss case began, a brief recapitula 1948-50. The reasoning is phony, slippery and Trust for Public Land. tion may be useful. The case involved two sly, which, coming from Hiss, is exactly what David Kerrigan, the Irvine Co. men. One was Alger Hiss, who in 1948 was one would e~ct. Janet Lyders, League of Women Voters of slim, elegant and urbane, a rising star in the California. nation's public life. He had every respectable [From the Washington Star-News, Gladys Meade, California Lung Associa credential. He was John Hopkins, Phi Beta Aug. 8, 1975] tion. Kappa, Harvard Law, a onetime clerk to Jus WHAT SOME PEOPLE WON'T BELIEVE Paul Plett, Security Pacific National Bank. tice Holmes, secretary to the American dele ABOUT HISS Roy Potter, San Diegans, Inc., Cal-Chapter, gation at Dumbarton Qaks, adviser to Roose (By William F. Buckley, Jr.) American Institute o! Planners. velt at Yalta, Secretary-General of the UN Ronald B. Roble, State Water Rescources Conference at San Francisco. I suppose if Jack Ruby had enough free Control Board. The other was Whittaker Chambers, who lawyers bobbing about him, plus a phony Cecile Rosenthal, Sierra Club. in 1948 was pudgy, passive and obscure, a civil liberties committee, plus half the native Barton W. Shackelford, Nolan Daines, senior editor for Time magazine. He had egghead population desperate to believe him Shiraz Kaderali, Pacific Gas and Electric Co. nothing going for him. Born in Philadelphia innocent, they would have us all believing, Ludlow Shonnard', Jr., Reine J. Corbeil, in 1901, Chambers was a student radical, a in due course, that he didn't in fact kill Lee Southern California Gas co. runaway, a postwar leftist who in 1925 joined Harvey Oswald that it was his double, or the Communist party as a paid functionary. else a plot by the networks, or by Curtis Rocco C. Siciliano, Peter L. Lacombe, the Lemay. TI Corporation (of California) . He was a man with a disreputable history of Dwight c. Steele, Attorney-at-Law. false names, petty theft and atheism. In 1938, When you think of it, it is hard to get una William M. Wilcoxen, the Planning and after four years of espionage and infiltration nimity of opinion on the guilt of anybody. Conservation League. in Washington, he broke absolutely with the It is an old story nowadays that Oswald Communist party. didn't kill the first Kennedy, a not-so-old Twenty-seven years ago this month, but robust thesis that Sirhan didn't kill the Chambers was summoned to testify before second Kennedy; there is growing suspicion the House Committee on Un-American Activ that James Earl Ray didn't kill Martin Lu WHY EXONERATE ALGER HISS? ities, which was then investigating Commu ther King, that what's-his-name wasn't the nist infiltration of government om.ces. Cham real culprit in the attempted killing of bers identified Hiss as a member of a secret George Wallace, that Bruno Hauptmann HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Communist cell. Hiss denied this absolutely. didn't really kidnap the Lindbergh baby, OF OHIO One of the two men plainly was lying. that the Rosenbergs weren't really guilty, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Under the prodding of a young California that the people who were hanged for it weren't really accomplices of John Wilkes Thursday, September 4, 1975 congressman, Chambers patiently unfolded his story: As a party functionary, he had Booth--on back through Dreyfuss, to Soc rates himself (who was in fact guilty under Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, I am known Hiss intimately, had stayed in his Athenian law). home, had transmitted stolen documents. astonished by the recent efforts to re All the more useful, under the circum habilitate the reputation of Alger Riss. Testing his credibility, the young congress man asked rapid-fire questions of Chambers stances, is an article of overwhelming so After a space of more than 25 years, about Hiss and his wife and family, the!? briety published in the current issue of voices are again being raised that H1ss hobbies, pets, cars, furnishings, nicknames, Commentary magazine. It is called very was an innocent man. places of residence. simply, "Was Alger Hiss Guilty?", and it This is pure hogwash. There is no Hiss at last admitted having known Cham could have been written by a computer, so dry and factual ls it, so obsessively concerned reasonable justification for changing our bers, but not as a party functionary. Hiss's to drain every last bit of bias out of the re attitude towar4 the Hiss perjury story was that he had known a deiadbeat free counting of the story. conviction. lance writer by the name of "George Crosley," In fact it is written by a professor of law Rather than facts, the argument seems to whom he had briefly sublet his George at Cornell, Mr. Irving Younger, who had to be that Richard Nixon's downfall in town house in 1934. He identified Chambers served as an attorney in private practice and 1974 somehow proves Hiss innocent in as "Crosley," but la.ter, before a grand jury, as an assistant United States attorney and he would deny ever having given Cha:nlbers as judge in both the civil and criminal courts 1950. Such connection is illogical to the government documents. The perjury convic paint of absurdity. in New York City. Mr. Younger has taught tion stemmed from that dental. Hiss served Evidence at both Columbia and New York Hiss has never explained the dam 44 months of a five-year sentence. law schools and he says that the question: aging evidence that led a jury to vote An enterprising publishing house, inter- was Alger Hiss guilty? requires, finally, that September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27669 you the juror take a position concerning 10 in Richmond. In the last 20 years he has JURY To RETURN contradictions on which Hiss and Chambers served four Virginia congregations and The elevator employes worked at St. gave confiicting evidence that emerged from has been the pastor at Culmore United Charles Grain Elevator Co. 1n Destrehan, La. the sea of testimony. Methodist since 1972. (owned by Archer-Da.niels-Midla.nd Co. and Mr. Younger concludes that in respect of the first five the evidence ls moot: you can Among his many church activities are by the Ga.rnac Corp.); a.t the Mississippi memberships in the Board of Education . River Grain Elevator Co., Myrtle Grove, La.., not find a.gs.inst Mr. Hiss without reasonable . . . which ls controlled by an Italian firm, a.nd doubt. The sixth weighs in favor of Hiss. The of the. V1rgm1a Annual Conference, the at the Bunge corp. in Destreha.n. seventh, eighth, ninth, a.nd tenth convict Committee on Camps and Conferences, The indictments were returned before U.S. Hiss. the Corporate Board of United Methodist District Judge Herbert w. Christenberry. Number seven was the famous rug, given Homes, and the Virginia Conference who instructed the grand jury to return by Chambers to Hiss a.s an expression of is Thursday for what the U.S. attorney's office gratitude from the Communist party. Inde Credit Union. He also a past president of the Clergy Association of the Rich- described as "further deliberations." pendent testimony confirms that the rug was mond area Additional indictments a.re expected then. bought, a.nd accepted by Hiss. Hiss's explana · . . The grand jury's term expires a.t the end of tion of his possession of it was unreasonable I would llke to welcome into this next week, a.nd a. new jury already has been beyond a reasonable doubt. Chamber the Reverend Casey, his gra- impaneled to continue the investigation. The eighth was the matter of Hiss's giving cious wife, the former Marilyn Carter To date, 38 persons and companies have Chambers $400 to buy a second-hand car. Thompson of Atlanta, and their children, been indicted here on charges of conspiracy, The records reveal that Hiss withdrew $400 Brian and Helen. bribery, fraud, theft a.nd other crimes in the in ca.sh four days before Chambers pa.id $400 inspection, shipping a.nd handling of U .s. in ca.sh for a car. Coincidence is unreason export grains. ably strained, given the surrounding narra "ONLY THE BEGINNING" tive, by insisting that the two transactions GRAIN SCANDAL SHOWS NEED FOR were discrete. LEGISLATION-V U.S . . Atty. Gerald J. Ga.llinghouse said The ninth was the earlier transfer of Hiss's Tuesday the indictments are "only the be old Ford, which he desired phlla.nthroplcally ginning" in what is expected to be a. lengthy to donate for the general use of a Communist probe of the entire grain business here at the HON. NEAL SMITH nation's largest grain exporting point. operative. Hiss said he gave the car to Cham OF IOWA bers. The records show tha.t Hiss himself Gallinghouse urged that federal attorneys signed a transfer assigning title to the Cher IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES elsewhere press investigations of their own ner Motor Company which thereupon re Thursday, September 4, 1975 into grain handling. He particularly men assigned the car to one William Rosen, but tioned Houston and Galveston, Tex. Five in left the transaction out of the record books. Mr. SMITH of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, prior spectors were indicted in Houston in March William Rosen, summoned to the stand, re to the August recess I included in the on bribery charges, but none ha.s yet been fused to say whether he was a Communist. RECORD some material on the massive tried. We approach GottercLammerung, namely grain scandal in New Orleans and else As is common in income tax cases, the the typewriter. A huge amount of publicity where, and pointed out the need for cor indictments handed down Tuesday contained ha.s been given to the typewriter, the insinu only sketchy details of how the defendants ated assumption among pro-Hiss people be rective legislation. obtained the income on which they failed to ing ths.t either Whittaker Chambers himself The House Agriculture Committee is pay taxes, in various yea.rs from 1969 to forged the typewriter, or else that the FBI scheduled to open hearings September 18 1974. did. Every time there ls a press conference on bills to amend the U.S. Grain Stand But it was understood tha.t a.t lea.st some on the matter, it is suggested that any day ards Act. These include my bill, H.R. 8764, of the defendants had ta.ken pa.rt in a. com now it will be established that the typewriter the full text of which appears in the plex grain theft ring, described in previous presented at the trial was a. forgery. But any press accounts, in which bargeloa.ds of grain CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for July 18, start were diverted from their intended destina da.y has a way of never coming. ing at page 23553. What is especially ta.nta.llzing about it all tion at large export elevators a.nd were sent ls that preposterous though it is, it wouldn't On August 5, a Federal grand jury in instead to a. small, local elevator which acted actually alter the matter if it happened to be dicted 11 persons on charges of Federal a.s a. "fence" in receiving and selling the so. Because what nailed Hiss was the indis income tax evasion in connection with stolen grain. putable identity between the typewriter used the grain scandal. Two days later, the The two Bunge employees charged Tues in the mid-Thirties by Priscilla. Hiss to write same grand jury indicted.22 persons and da.y-eleva. tor superintendent Drebing Ar letters to Bryn Ma.wr on alumnae business, a grain exporting firm on conspiracy and lington Negrotto, Jr., a.nd elevator manager and the typewriter used during the sa.me fraud charges. Harry Otto Dolsen, Sr.-a.lso had been in period to write pa.ra.phra.ses and copies of dicted July 21 on charges of conspiring to secret State Department documents turned A new' grand jury has been chosen in commit systematic thefts of millions of dol over to Chambers. New Orleans and the investigation is lars worth of grain. Perhaps the next step ls for one of Alger continuing. The Bunge firm, which also wa.s indicted Hiss's lawyers to claim that Whittaker Cham For the benefit of my colleagues, I at that time, has said that a.11 13 Bunge bers posed as the secretary of the Bryn Mawr am including in the RECORD articles by employees charged then ha.ve either retired, Alumnae Association in 1938 for the purpose James Risser, a Washington correspond resigned or been suspended. of ambushing Hiss in 1948. I ha.ve no doubt ent for the Des Moines Register, that Tuesday's indictments charged tha.t Ne there a.re ma.ny people a.round who would grotto failed to pa.y taxes of $9,898 on $48,488 believe it. describe the indictments returned in which he "received for his participation in New Orleans in some detail. the theft of grain." The articles follow: Dolsen failed to pay $14,839 in taxes on [From the Des Moines (Iowa) Register, $34,510 of income a.lso deri.,...ed from grain WELCOME TO REV. ROBERT T. Aug. 6, 1975] thefts, the grand jury alleged. CASEY ELEVEN INDICTED ON TAX CHARGES IN Two assistant superintendents at the St. NEW 0RLEAl'TS GRAIN PROBE Charles Grain Elevator Co. were indicted Tuesday-Calogero Cosimo Portrera, Sr., a.nd HON. JOSEPH L. FISHER (By James Risser) Joseph John Palmisano, Sr. OF VIRGINIA NEW ORLEANS, LA.-Eleven men, accused Portrera. allegedly evaded payment of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of profiting secretly from massive thefts of $50,814 in taxes on income of $150,350, and grain by rings of grain company a.nd inspec Palmisano failed to pa.y $48,451 on income Thursday, September 4, 1975 tion agency employes, were indicted here of 149,429, the grand jury said. The money Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, I am very Tuesday on federal income ta.x evasion allegedly ca.me from the two defendants' charges. "participation in the fraudulent sale of non pleased to note that today's invocation A federal grand jury tha.t ha.s been in existent grain" in 1973 a.nd 1974, according was delivered by the Rev. Robert T. vestigating a. grain Inspection scandal in to the indictments. Casey, pastor of Culmore United Meth the New Orleans a.rea for 18 months, charged Charged a.tong with Pomera. a.nd Palmisano odist Church in Falls Church, Va. I wish that the 11 failed to pa.y a. total of $251,581 wa.s Robert Paul Nicholas, a. weighing super to thank Mr. Casey for the very inspiring in taxes on $713,840 of income from the sale visor for the South Louisiana. Port Inspection prayer he has otrered on our behalf. of stolen a.nd non-existent grain. and Weighing Boa.rd, Inc., a. private inspec The defendants include present a.nd form tion agency which weighs a.nd grades grain The Reverend Casey is a native of er elevator officials for three grain elevators, at the St. Charles Eleva.tor. Williamsburg, Va., who attended the Col as well as two inspection agency employes, Nicholas failed to pay $46, 708 in taxes on lege of William and Mary, Emory Uni a grain barge dispatcher, a.nd a. Mississippi income of $149,405 from the fraudulent sales, versity, and Union Theological Seminary River tugboat captain. it wa.s alleged. 27670 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 A spokesman at the St. Charles firm said Charles Grain Eleva.tor Co. at Destrehan, put the inferior grain from bin number three Portrera and Palmisano resigned July 30, La., and is the second grain firm to be in on the loading belts in between the time and that Nicholas left the inspection agency dicted here. samples were taken. The poor grain thus by shortly before that. Thursday's charges, returned before U.S. passed the sampling device, the jurors found Employes of the Mississippi River Grain District Judge Herbert W. Christenberry, "thereby avoiding inspection and defeating Elevator Co. who were indicted are Edward raised to 51 the total number of individuals the lawful functions of official inspectors." Henry Flee·twood, Louis Henry Rachal, and and companies indicted here. In addition, The inferior grain included "undetected Jesse Michael Rosen. five grain inspectors are under indictment in quantities of low-grade grain, cracked corn Fleetwood, identified as chief weigher at Houston, Tex. and foreign substance," the grand jury the elevator, failed to pay $15,414 in taxes on The brief court session was the last for the charged. $25,118 received from the sale of stolen grain grand jury, which has been probing grain As the result of an autumn, 1973, meeting between 1971 and 1973, the grand jury inspection activities for 18 months. However, in St. Louis, Mo., between Edgeworth, Pickell and unnamed co-conspirators, it was agreed charged. a new grand jury has been impaneled and Rachal, assistant elevator superintendent, will continue the investigation under the to put "as much cracked corn as possible on ships loaded with corn destined for Japan," ev·aded payment of $4,163 in taxes on $15,377 direction of the Justice Department's chief criminal attorney here, Cornelius R._Heusel. said the indictment. of income, it was alleged. At one point, when inspectors complained Rosen, who was superintendent of the U.S. Atty. Gerald J. Gallinghouse said: "We are committed to push forward with about inferior grain being loaded at the St. elevator, failed to pay $2,822 in taxes on in Charles Elevator, plant manager Edgeworth this investigation until we arc fully con come of $5,709 from a "wrongful grain trans ordered the secret control switch removed. action," it was chairged. Rosen went to work vinced that the last vestiges of crime and However, he later directed that it be rein corruption have been eliminated, and com last January for Cook Industries, Inc., an stalled and concealed, the grand jury said. international grain firm, as superintendent plete integrity of the inspection, grading, The second indictment concerning the St. of Cook's elevaitor at Portland, Ore. weighing and handling of grain has been Charles elevator said that between Septem A spokesman at Cook headquarters in achieved." ber, 1972, and May, 1974, Palmisano, Portera Memphis, Tenn., said "we have no knowledge MORE INDICTMENTS? and inspection agency employe Nicholas of these allega.tions" but added that "Mr. Other sources close to the investigation operated a fraud scheme by which they ob Rosen has been suspended." said the indictment of major figures in some tained money for the sale of at least nine Indicted along with the Mississippi river grain firms can be expected from the new fictitious bargeloads of soybeans and corn. grain officials was Pivon Leon Dupuy, assist grand jury. Using a plan which included false records ant chief grain inspector for Delta Weighing The investigation here has led to similar of weights and grain samples, the three con and Inspection Bureau, Inc., which inspects probes at some other grain exporting points, cocted non-existent sales to Archer-Daniels grain at the elevator, He was alleged to have as well as personnel shake-ups in the U.S. Midland from Willich and Company, Inc., and evaded paying $26,831 in taxes on income of Agriculture Department's grain division and Degelos and Associates. The latter two firms $47,500 from stolen grain sales. demands in Congress for legislation reform are actually one operation, headed by Lyle The grand jury also charged Herbert ing the inspection system. Grain inspection, Degelos, which runs a local elevator here. Joseph Hotard, a dispaitcher for the Sioux grading and weighing currently is done by The fictitious sales, transmitted to A-D-M City and New Orleans Barge Lines, Inc., for inspectors who are federally-licensed but offices in Decatur, Ill.; by teletype, resulted failure to pay $24,626 in taxes on $75,510 who work for private inspection agencies, in A-D-M issuing checks for the grain to the which he allegedly got in 1972 and 1973 "for some of them controlled by grain and ship Willich and Degelos firms, the indictment his participation in the theft of grain." ping interests. said. TUGBOAT CAPTAIN Ten of those charged Thursday had been The payments were shared by Palmisano, Adam Anthony Dufrene, a tugboat captain, indicted previously on income tax evasion Portera and Nicholas, who banked $100,000 was accused of faiiling to pay $7,012 in taxes and other charges. each in Nassau in April, 1974, and by other on income of $11,440 which he got for taking There were four indictments returned unindicted co-conspirators, the grand jury part in grain thefts and fraudulent sale of Thursday, two involving the Adnac-con said. trolled St. Charles firm, one involving the non-existent grain. Sources here said those connected with The tax eva.sion cases were developed by Mississippi River Grain Elevator co. at the Willich and Degelos firms have been the iilitelligence division of the Internal Rev Myrtle Grove, La., and the fourth involving granted immunity from prosecution in ex enue Service and by Asst. U.S. Atty. Cornelius the Bunge Corp. Elevator at Destrehan, La. change for furnishing information about the R. Heusel. FBI agents and the U.S. Agricul SHORT-WEIGHING CHARGED fencing operation and the participants, al ture Department's office of investigation par In addition to the Adnac firm, those in though ~hey, too, reportedly made large sums ticipated in obtaining evidence against those dicted from the St. Charles operation were: from the phony sales. charged. Plant manager Robert Walter Edgeworth, The nine fictitious sales cited in the indict Criminal tax evasion is punishable by a plan superintendent Leo Eugene Pickell, and ment involved approximately 375,000 bushels maximum fine of $10,000 and five years six assistant superintendents-John Michael of soybeans and 40,000 bushels of corn. imprisonment. Milano, sr., Freddie Howard German, Manuel The third indictment charged elevator em Jourdan Freitas, Russell William Emerson, ployes and inspectors at the Mississippi River [From the Des Moines (Iowa) Register, Joseph John Palmisano, and Calogero Co Grain Elevator Co., and three shipping em Aug. 8, 1975) simo Portera, sr.. Also indicted was Robert ployes, with obtaining nearly $800,000, from the sale of stolen and fictitious grain. INDICT 22 IN NEW ORLEANS GRAIN PROBE Paul Nicholas, a weight supervisor for the South Louisiana Port Inspection and Weigh GRAIN DIVERTED (By James Risser) ing Board, Inc., which inspects and weighs The stolen gra.ln-three bargeloads of soy NEW ORLEANS, LA.-The federal grand jury grain at the St. Charles Elevator. beans worth $461,000--was diverted from the investigating the New Orleans grain scandal The defendants systematically short Mississippi River Grain Elevator to the De Thursday indicted 22 persons and Adnac, weighted export ships being loaded at the gelos wharf, where it was sold and the profits Inc., a large grain exporting firm, on charges St. Charles Elevator by diverting grain back divided by the conspirators, it was charged. of conspiracy and fraud. into the elevator after it had been weighed One of the diverted shipments was a barge The defendants were accused of organiz and supposedly loaded aboard ship, the grand carrying 45,905 bushels of soybeans from ing and carrying out widespread grain-theft jury found. Davenport, Ia., in August, 1971. schemes involving hundreds of thousands of Tapes on an automatic weighing machine In the fictitious-sale part of the scheme, dollars. were altered manually at times, it was al the Mississippi Riv·er group fraudulently ob At one point, the grand Jury alleged, two leged. tained $240,600 from the Plllsbury Co., and assistant elevator superintendents ani a Also part of the defendants' scheme, which another $76,500 from Tabor and Co., the grain inspector went to Nassau, Bahamas, has operated since June, 1971, was the in grand jurors charged. where each deposited $100,000 in the Bank of stallation of "a concealed remote controlled Those charged in the indictment included Nova Scotia--money they had obtained from device" in the elevator control room, by three inspectors from the Delta. Weighing the sale of fictitious bargeloads of soybeans. which Edgeworth and his employes were and Inspection Bureau, Inc., which handles Other offenses detailed in the indictments able to secretly turn on "bin number three" inspections for the Mississippi River Eleva included the "shortweighttng of export grain and load "low-quality grain and other mat tor-Pivon Leon Dupuy, Clark David Smith shipments, the secret loading of inferior ter" onto ships, the indictments said. and James Tlmonet. Also elevator employes grain and foreign matter onto ships by Grain is inspected at the St. Charles Eleva Edward Henry Fleetwood, Lawrence Henry means of a concealed control switch, and tor by means of a mechanical sampler which Cochran, Sr., and Louis Henry Rachal, barge scoops a sample of grain from the ship dispatcher Herbert Joseph Hotard, tugboat the se111ng of stolen grain through a local loading belt every 29 seconds and then sends elevator that acted as a "fence." captain Adam Anthony Dufrene and tug the grain by tube to the omce of the inspec boat deckhand George Joseph Rohrbacker, SECOND J'IRK tion agency on the elevator premises. Jr. Adnac, Inc., which 18 a wholly owned jotni However, by use of lights in the elevator The conspirators carried on their activi venture of Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. and control room, which indicate when a sample ties for more than two years, following a Garnac Gr.a.i,n Co., Inc., operates the St. is being taken, the defendants were able to mid-1971 meeting at the Here's Johnny September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27671 Restaurant in Gretna, La., the grand jury says tough jawboning might be misread as by Peking. President Felix Houphouet said. a sign that controls are on the way, leading Boigny of the Ivory Coast declared that Dupuy, Fleetwood, Rachal, Hotard and to more price rises. the Chinese Communists were "teaching Dufrene all had been charged Tuesday with The council is headless, too. Its top three federal income tax evasion in connection officials have quit, and the new director-an Africans to kill those whose eyes are with money they made on the scheme total assistant secretary of HUD-won't take open to the Chinese danger in Africa." ing about $175,000. charge for at least a month. U.S. Steel's The Mansfield report, which was at The final indictment Thursday charged chairman had to discuss a planned price in least partially supported by Senator four employes of the Bunge Corp. with steal crease with the agency's public-relations HUGH SCOTT, who accompanied MANS ing grain from the elevator and diverting man; the acting director was on vacation. FIELD on his trip to Communist China, it to the Degelos Brothers Grain Corp. with Ford economists predict double-digit in totally ignores the tyranny within China out the knowledge of Bunge. flation for another three months but a 6% and the aggressive policies pursued by The four are bin floor operator Gerald annual rate by year's end. Charles Mire, grain mixer John Herbert the Chinese Communists abroad. Gomor, Sr., weigher George Howard Pop Allan H. Ryskind, the Capitol Hill edi rick, and grain mixer Joseph Morales, Jr. tor of Human Events, has provided us The Bunge firm, said the indictment, had U.S. UNWILLINGNESS TO RECOG with a thoughtful and careful analysis of contracted in 1969 and 1970 to sell grain NIZE THE REALITY OF PEKING'S Senator MANSFIELD'S unusual statement. to the Degelos firm. But the defendants TYRANNY Mr. Ryskind interviewed Li Hsiao-Ii, the agreed to give the Degelos firm better qual Chinese born wife of Lord Michael Lind ity grain than it contracted to buy, "there HON. PHILIP M. CRANE say, who during World War II helped de by unlawfully taking from Bunge Corp. velop a radio communication system for quantities of grain which it had not con OF ILLINOIS Mao and other Chinese leaders. Once a tracted to sell,'' it was charged. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In some instances the defendants simply supporter of the Chinese Communists, loaded better quality grain from the Bunge Thursday, September 4, 1975 Mrs. Lindsay is now shocked at their Elevator onto barges to be sent to Degelos. Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, unfortu brutal tyranny. She declares that while In other cases, the contracted-for grain was the standard of living is low, the worst dumped into the Mississippi River and bet nately, Americans seem unwilling to rec ognize the real nature of Communist part of the system is its totalitarian na ter grain put on the barges, the grand jury ture. There is no private property, no said. China, either with regard to the tyran The indictment cited 34 separate barge nical rule under which its own people freed om of religion, no freedom to speak, shipments, and said that on 22 of them for must live or with regard to its aggressive no freedom to move from one city to an which the total quantity of grain is known role in the world. other or to leave the country. During the the defendants and other unnamed co-con Individual Americans such as actress Japanese occupation, she said, there was spirators collected $220,600. Shirley MacLaine have traveled to Pe more individual liberty. The Bunge Corp. itself and 13 of its em king and returned hailing the Chinese I wish to share with my colleagues the ployes were indicted here last month on important article, "Red China Through separate charges of conspiring to steal grain. Communist system. The regimentation of the Red Guard, the forced collectiviza Mansfield's Rose Glasses," by Allan H. tion of agriculture, the elimination of Ryskind, as it appeared in Human Events Chinese religion and culture, and the to of August 30, 1975, and insert it into the TIMID AND TOOTHLESS tal absence of freedom of speech and RECORD at this time: even the freedom to leave the country RED CHINA THROUGH MANSFIELD'S ROSE are all ignored in the analyses presented GLASSES HON. ELLIOTT H. LEVITAS by Miss MacLaine and many others. (By Allan H. Ryskind) OF GEORGIA Now, we have at hand a report sub Mao Tse-tung, who may have been re IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mitted to the Senate Foreign Relations sponsible for only 60 million deaths on his way toward building his empire, has never Thursday, September 4, 1975 Committee by Senate Majority Leader designated his best friend in the U.S. Senate. MANSFIELD. In this report he is eloquent But he has one. He is Senate Majority Leader Mr. LEVITAS. Mr. Speaker, on July 31, in extolling the Peking regime. He writes: 1975, 8731, Mike Mansfield (D-Mont.). In a report sub this body passed H.R. the bill There is a discernible community spirit mitted to the Senate Foreign Relations Com which not only extended the life of the from one end of China to another ... From mittee earlier this year (but not widely re Council on Wage and Price Stability, but Shanghai to Siam, from Peking to Kunming, ported on) , Sen. Mansfield was rhapsodic in also gave it subpena p0wers. I vehemently the evidence of the system's durability is his praise of the glorious achievements of opposed this bill at that time for a num overwhelming. Chairman Mao. Sen. Hugh Scott (R.-Pa.), ber of reasons. the minority leader, issued the chairman With regard to Peking's foreign p0licy, some very high marks in a supplement to The Council on Wage and Price Sta the rep0rt declares: bility is a useless fraud on the American the report, but he could not quite reach the There are no signs that China is bent on lyrical heights attained by the Montana people. It is one more Federal agency the oppression or domination of other na Democrat. Below, for instance, are just a now allowed to require information from tions. few of the phrases which capture the flavor private concerns, now able to request of Mansfield's reverence for Mao and the forms and paperwork from our already Reading the Mansfield report one miracles he has performed: overburdened businesses. We are bury would not think he was reading about "From Shanghai to Siam, from Peking to ing ourselves in a mound of redtape and the same government in Peking that has Kunming, the evidence of the system's dura paperwork required by more and more been described by more experienced bility is overwhelming." "Pride in common Government agencies, a.nd in the case of scholars and observers as one of the most accomplishment and faith in a common fu the Council on Wage and Price Stability, barbaric in the world's history. Prof. ture are everywhere. China today is more uni by an agency which cannot, or indeed Richard Walker, for example, estimates fied than ever before." "Chinese society, to 10 day, is based on the Communist theories of will not, take any constructive action that there are at least million Chinese Mao Tse-tung, which, to the Western ear, against the very thing it was supp0sed in slave labor camps. Almost all experts can sound not only like Marxism but also to fight, inflation. agree that the Chinese Communists liq common sense ...." In support of these indictments, I ask uidated from 15 to 30 million opponents "The basic needs of the Chinese people for that the article from the August 15, 1975, of the regime. food, clothing and shelter are being met. issue of the Wall Street Journal be In foreign affairs, the Chinese are stir Food and clothing are plentiful and low printed in the RECORD. It bears out the ring violence and revolution through priced. The people appear healthy and well charges of uselessness that many of us out the underdeveloped world. In Janu fed ...." "There is no unemployment or in ary 1965, for example, the Government flation. Officials report that there are no who oppose this Council have voiced. The social problems of drug addiction, alcoholism, article speaks for itself: of Burundi broke off diplomatic relations prostitution or juvenile delinquency. The TIMID AND TOOTHLESS-FORD'S WAGE PRICE with Peking and expelled the Chinese streets are safe, day and night, notwith AGENCY FIDDLES AS PRICES RISE Ambassador. The following month Presi standing the scarcity of visible armed se The Council on Wage and Price Stability dent Hamani Diori of Niger stated that curity personnel. Everyone appears to be busy botches its etrort to do something about alu the West African Council had proof that at productive and purposeful work." "There minum-price increases, doesn't plan any ob the opposition movement in Niger was is no unemployment, and hence, the concept jections to higher car prices. The agency being financed, organized, and directed of unemployment compensation is unknown." 27·672 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 "There is a discernible community spirit 15 million to 30 million opponents of the sions about the regime in the sanctity of from one end of China to another. This spirit regime-a very effective way of opening up his own home, lest such criticism be dis is perhiaps a key to China's effective manage the job market-and polishing off another covered and punished. ment of many of the social problems that million or so through the "land reform" Well, Mansfield may be all wet about confound the Western world. It is the anti program, Mao also installed an extensive China's domestic picture, but what about thesis of 'dog eat dog'." slave labor system. the contention~nd Scott's as well-that Not only is it the best of all possible worlds Slave labor, says Walker, "has been part Peking is not bent on aggression against inside Red China, but Mao & Co. refuse to of the Chinese Communist political system other countries? That, too, turns out to be make things difficult for their neighbors, from the outset, though the formal 77 regu fantasy. (Maybe when Scott claimed that either. "There are no signs," insists Mans lations-worked out with the aid of Soviet Red China's "record of non-aggression is field,, "that China is bent on the oppression 'experts' sent by Stalin-were not drawn up good," he meant that Mao had a good record or domination of other nations." (Mansfield, until June 27, 1952, and not officially promul of never having engaged in non-aggression.) presumably, became convinced of Mao's gated until Aug. 26, 1954. During the early Whatever, the list of Mao's targets for con peaceful intentions when his hosts failed to years, Pekin~ talked quite openly about this quest or the imposition of Maoist regimes show him squadrons of pajama-clad Chinese system.... are countless: Korea, Tibet, Vietnam, Cam guerrillas swarming into neighboring coun Walker, writing in 1971, said, "No esti bodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Burma, etc. tries.) mates of the number of Chinese in forced "Probably the extent of Chinese Com Manfield's sentiments-echoed by so. many labor camps for reform through labor serv munist activities in Africa," Prof. Walker has Americans who travel to Peking-were set ices is less than 10 million." (A. Doak Bar written, "has best served to 11lustrate the down following a three-week officially guided nett, another China scholar, has said the seriousness with which the leaders in Peking tour of the "People's Republic of China" last figure is "probably in the millions," while take their commitment to worldwide revolu December, but were not forwarded to the Prof. Karl A. Wittfogel, another important tion. In January 1965, the government of Foreign Relations Committee until this year. China student, has said that one out of every Burundi broke off diplomatic relations with In the same report, Sen. Scott makes a cooler 40 people in that country of 700 mlllion or Peking and expelled the Chinese ambassa but similar assessment of Mao's domestic so may be in the camps.) dor and his staff.... The following month accomplishments, contending, also, that HUMAN EVENTS last week interviewed Li President Haman! Dior! of Niger stated that China's "record of nonaggression 1s good." Hsiao-Ii, the Chinese-born wife of Lord the West African Council had proof that Mansfield, Scott and such folk as Shirley Michael Lindsay, who during World War II the opposition movement in Niger was being MacLaine, it seems, appear to agree that Red helped develop a radio communication sys financed, organized and directed by Peking. China ls just a shade short of perfection. As tem for Mao and other Communist Chinese That month. the Ivory Coast, Dahomey and they might paraphrase the poet, "A jug of leaders. Mrs. Lindsay lived most of her life Upper Volta joined in warning rtha.t the Chi wine, a loaf of bread and Mao/Beside me in China. She was raised in Shansi Province, nese Communists were, as President Felix singing in the wilderness/O wilderness were went to Peking for her senior year in high Houphouet-Bolgny of the Ivory Coast put it, paradise enow." Yet in the opinion of a num school, studied at Yenching University where teaching Africans to kill those whose eyes ber of Old China hands, the Mansfield report she met Lord Lindsay, then a professor of are open to the Chinese danger in Africa." bears absolutely no relation to reality. economics, and worked for the Chinese Com "By the time Chou En-lai arrived in Tan Take the Mansfield statement about the munists during the Japanese invasion. zania in June 1965 and repeated his ill-re "discernible community spirit from one end Though she and her husband left China ceived assertion that Africa is 'ripe for revolu of China to another" and the portrait of mil in 1945, they returned for visits in 1949, tion,' a great number of additional items lions of Chinese merrily working for Mao. 1954 and 1973. Mrs. Lindsay's firm belief 1s concerning Communist China's attempts to Well, news reports surfaced in early August that the people of China are at least as bad build the basis for people's wars in that far of this year that Mao had recently sent some off as they were during World War II. Food away continent had come to light.... 11,000 troops into Hangchow, 90 miles south and clothing are rationed, she pointed out, "In January 1966, Dahomey and the Cen west of Shanghai, to put down a rebelllon of and sometimes the living conditions appear tral African Republic broke off diplomatic his contented laborers who were protesting "worse than during war time." The housing relations with Peking, and in an official letter the Maoist decrees eliminating wage in "in the rural part is absolutely terrible, even of protest the latter government reported creases won at the beginning of the year. in the city where I had been in my primary finding a stock of Chinese arms and claimed The Peking Maoists reacted by purging school and junior high, all the drainage just the Chinese were organizing a 'people's army' the entire Hangchow party apparatus. And blocked up, beautiful houses, oh, just so within the Central African Republic. . . . when this failed to stop the strikers, troops shabby." When the regime of Kwame Nkrumah was were sent into the city and martial law im In 1954, she stressed, the people were toppled in Ghana on Feb. 24, 1966 ..., further posed. Fighting between striking workers and better fed, better clothed and better housed. revelations of Chinese Communist revolu troops broke out, with battles reported to They were "much happier people" and there tionary zeal came to light. On February 28, have taken place inside factories. "was no fear." In her latest visit, she found Ghanaian authorities disclosed the discovery "There ls no evidence that other cities in the people ''were just frightened to death." of a Chinese Communist-operated 'saboteur's China have this year had the severe difficul (Part of this fear she traced to Mao's 1966- academy' for training Africans to foment re ties that Hangchow has experienced," the 67 "Cultural Revolution" when Mao un bell1on and carry out terrorist operations." New York Times man in Hong Kong reported leashed the "Red Guards" against enemies Things haven't changed, of course. In last week. "But the Chinese press and radio and innocent alike. The violence employed .July of this year, columnists Evans and No have repeatedly referred to 'bourgeois fac by these young toughs, directed to a large vak reported how Tun Abdul Razak bin Hus tionalism' in some enterprises, especially in extent against citizens v·aluing the old Chi sein of Malaysia traveled to Peking "in May the steel industry and on the railroads." nese ways, was brutal. "No one, within China 1974 when Chinese leaders promised not to So much for the "always contented or without," writes the well-known scholar interfere in Malaysia's internal affairs. worker" theory. Even the Mansfield report journalist Robert Elegan, "knows how many ''Nothing changed. Clandestine Communist manag~s to squeeze in the observation, in a men, women and children died or were in radio broadcasts a.re still beamed at Malaysia chapter oddly titled, "Evidence of Success," jured in the terrible autumn and winter of from Yunan Province, China. Chin Peng, that there is "mass underemployment by our 1966-67. Nor can anyone assess those casual fabled Communist guerrilla leader of the concepts ..." and that women "continue to ties--0r the higher casualties of late 1967- 1950s, directs Malaysian insurgents from do, as they have historically, much of the accurately until Peking reveals its estimates. Peking." heavy manual labor, such as road repair Suicides, assassinations and deaths from Indeed, in March of this year, Chiang work." wounds probably numbered tens of thou Ching, Mao's wife, in a now famous speech, Mansfield took along on his trip such sands.") heralded China's role in promoting revolu people as Assistant Secretary of State for The worst part of the system, she insisted, tion. "It is the soul and essence of Marxism Administration John Thomas, who told is not the standard of living, but its totalitar Lenlnism and Mao Tse-tung's thought to in Human Events the Mansfield report was an ian nature. There ls no private property, no sist on class struggle and to implement the accurate account of things. But it ls too bad freedom of religion, no freedom to speak, no that the senator never benefited from the theory of the proletarian dictatorship. The freedom to move from one city to another ultimate goal of revolution is to realize Com advice of important China scholars like Prof. or even to leave the country. During the Richard Walker, who has made several munistic society on a worldwide scope." Japanese occupation, she said, there was In view of all this, how could both Mans trenchant comments on China's economy more individual liberty. and the condition of its working people. The people enjoy no civil liberties, she field and Scott give such a distorted and dis In The Human Cost of Communism, a added. "Even Hitler and Stalin had a fake honest picture of the Peking regime? No one pamphlet put out by the now threatened judiciary," she said, "but there is no court seems to know. Maybe Scott didn't want to Senate Internal Security subcommittee system in China." You are accused by the burn his bridges with Mao, since he still (which Mansfield has failed to lift a finger party and tried by the party, with no right wants the Philadelphia Orchestra and the for in its fight for survival). Prof. Walker to counsel. Freedom is so restricted, Mrs. Pittsburgh Symphony to visit Peking. Or hinted how the Communists managed to Lindsay said, that you have to have the maybe the real answer is that Mansfield and solve the unemployment problem that so party's permission to marry. The average Scott saw another Red China, one that's not confounds the West. Aside from liquidating Chinese even fears carrying on frank discus- on the globe. September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27673 DO NOT SPOffi THE DESERT WITH "We're asking concerned Hi-Desert people smog that travels now from Cajon Pass, Vic POWER LINES! to write to the BLM and Senator Henry M. torville and Lucerne Valley and blots out the Jackson (D-Wash.), chairman of the interior mountains north of us. The desert winds and insular affairs committee, urging that don't disperse it or the smog that comes HON. SHIRLEY N. PETTIS the transmission corridors follow existing through San Gorgonio Pass to enshroud Palm OF CALIFORNIA routes-those south of the Monument, and Springs." north of the Marine Corps Base through Lu There is doubt in the minds of many en IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cerne Valley and Cajon Pass," said Susan vironmentalists that either the Utah com Thursday, September 4, 1975 Luckie Moore, publicity director of the Mo plex or the Johnson Valley plant are really rongo Basin Conservation Association. necessary as presently projected. SCE is al Mrs. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker, the Na The problem is complicated by SCE's asser ready building or planning to build additions tion is now trying to determine what its tion that the lines should be 2,000 feet apart, to its Long Beach, San Onofre and Coolwater energy needs are and how they should be making adding new lines to existing corri generating stations. These should be able to met. In doing so, it is important that we dors difficult. BLM and others dispute the handle needs in the Los Angeles area for consider the entire energy picture, in need for this, pointing out that many pres some time to come, they claim, since demands cluding the problem of getting various ent lines are much closer together. for electricity are down 5.6 per cent, accord types of energy from one place to The southern Utah power plants are proj ing to SCE's 1974 annual report. The John ects of Southern California Edison, Los An son Valley plant is scheduled to supply power another. geles Department of Water and Power, San for that same area. A good example of the transmission Diego Gas and Electric, and Arizona and Utah As for the Kaiparowits and related installa problems which can exist is the proposed utilities companies. Six coal-burning gen tions, they point out that plans already coal-fired electric generating station to erating stations are now opera.ting or are exist for a coal gasification unit to be bullt be constructed in Utah to provide elec being planned for this spectacular scenic re after the generating plants. Why not, tricity for southern California and Ari gion, known as Uta.h's "color country." they ask, construct gasification facllities The area was chosen by the utllities be flrst--a less costly, less resource-draining, zona. This Kaiparowits project will re cleaner operation-and bring the gas by quire high-voltage long-distance power cause Utah's environmental regulations are more lenient than California's and because pipeline (obviating the need for transmission lines that are to go into areas where no it is rich in coal needed to fuel the plants. lines) to serve until solar and solid waste such transmission lines now exist. But it is also the location of the greatest recycling methods of energy production a.re Mr. Speaker, I have no objection to the concentration of national parks, monuments in general use? urban areas having as much energy as and recreation areas in the nation. Zion, The question seems valid. Conventional they really need, though perhaps it would Bryce Canyon, Capitol Reef, Arches, and genera.tors are notably inefficient. Almost Canyon Lands parks; Cedar Breaks and Nat two-thirds of the dwindling fossil fuels they be well if the leaders of such large com burn is wasted and dispersed as excess heat munities would make a reevaluation of ural Bridges monuments; and Glen Canyon and Lake Powell recreation areas are all by cooling systems requiring huge amounts their actual energy requirements in light within the same territory. Hundreds of thou of water. Up to 10 per cent of the power long of changes in the public's consumption sands of Americans visit these natural distance lines carry is lost in transmission of energy patterns. Still, I do not wish wonderlands every year. and the construction costs of both a.re to see the environment of my district, Air pollution and environmental disturb enormous. which lies between Utah and Los Angeles, ance a.re already evident. The super Moore, noting that solar energy will have spoiled by having more transmission lines intendents of Bryce Canyon and capitol Reef to be tomorrow's fuel and that SCE is now have said unequivocally that they feel visi engaged in research on it, suggests that constructed in an uncoordinated manner. Johnson Valley site should be excellent for I bility has been reduced, according to a Los would like to bring to the House's Angeles Times story earlier this year. a solar energy plant. attention the difficulties which citizens in The probab111ty of strip mining to feed the So the battle lines are drawn once again. my district are having in trying to pro plants, increased salinity of the Colorado The utllities contend that energy needs de tect their community from having still River, mercury runoffs into Lake Powell, mand the new plants and that this demand more power lines constructed where they land erosion, and deterioration of the na overrides the pollution and environmental are not needed. The attached article ex tional parks, join with smog in the concerns disturbances inherent in the fossil fuel of environmentalists. burners. Conservationists counter that once plains the impact of the Kaiparowits the biosphere is ruptured, it is almost im project on the Morongo Basin, San Ber A public hearing on the Kaipa.rowits facility will be held in Riverside at 7 p.m. possible to heal it; that energy needs have nardino County, Calif. My hope in hav Sept. 19 in the University of California been lowered, requiring fewer new generating ing this matter printed in the CONGRES Riverside Commons building. Interested per facilities; and that the utilities should al SIONAL RECORD is that people in urban sons will be able to express their views there. ready be developing clean new sources of areas will realize what we in the rural Other hearings are set for various Utah com energy. parts of the country feel about having munities. The public can have its say-if it will take transmission lines built in our backyards On the. other front, the MBCA points out time to speak. If it doesn't make itself heard, that a more deleterious form of pollution it will have to live with the decisions others without our having much of an input than unsightly transmission lines threatens make. into the decisions about locating such the Morongo Basin. SCE, having earlier de powerlines. ferred the project, is now again pressing for [From the Hi-Desert Star, Yucca Va.Hey, permits to build a generating station in ILLINOIS' COMBINED FEDERAL Calif., Aug. 13, 1975] Johnson Valley, about 30 miles from Yucca SERVICES CAMPAIGN POWERPLANTS AND TRANSMISSION LINES-A Valley. RECURRING POSSIBILITY IN THE HI-DESERT The plant, according to SCE figures, would (By Claudia Sia.ck) release 34.9 tons of emissions daily when HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI opera.ting at 100 per cent capacity. This OF ILLINOIS Local environmentalists are again facing an would make it the third largest polluter old adversary, this time on two fronts: The in San Bernardino County, surpassed only by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proposed Lucerne (upper Johnson Valley) Kaiser Steel in Fontana. and SCE's Etiwanda Thursday, September 4, 1975 generating plant and the recurring possibility pliant. of high-voltage long-distance power lines "And that would be if they burn distlllate Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in the marching from southern Utah through the fuel with only .1 per cent sulfur content," fall of each year, a combined Federal Morongo Basin. Moore said. "We know such fuel is getting services campaign is conducted among They won a skirmish in 1970 when the scarce and the Air Pollution Control Dis Federal employees throughout the Na.. Bureau of Land Management recommended trict has admitted that we would 'have tion, to solicit contributions for a variety that Southern California. Edison Company problems' in the desert with higher sulfur of health and social service organizations. use existing steel tower transmission routes fuel." from Kaiparowits and Vidal Junction, south Moore cited the recent Inland Counties These contributions are then distributed of Joshua Tree National Monument and Comurehensive Health Planning Council among the national health agencies, the through the San Gorgonio pa.ss. report showing that 53 per cent of Morongo local United Fund, and the international But BLM's recomendations have not been Basin residents moved here for health service agencies. implemented into actuality. The Morongo reasons, mainly heart and respiratory ail I am informed that in Dllnois' 23 local Basin is still listed as an alternative in SCE's ments, and that many others ca.me to escape campaigns, Federal employees contrib- Environmental Impact Report on the Ka1- smog. uted a record-breaking $1,825,512. parowits installation and the newer Inter "We need to keep the desert air clean," mountain Power Project has not yet deter she said. "Our communities would be likely This money will go far in helping these mined which route west its two 500 KV lines to become settlement basl'1i> for air pollu organizations provide educational, re would take. This leaves the Basin open to the tion coming down from the higher eleva search, and patient services on a local contingency they could transverse it. tion of Johnson Valley. Anyone can see the State, and national level. 27674 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 In addition to thanking the many fine at it as a time of reassessment of our prior provide its intended services and is steadily people who contributed, a special thanks ities as a nation and a reaffirmation of the eroding our rights to privacy, to determine principles on which this great country was the course of our own lives and to make many is in order for those who served as cam founded. of the basic decisions of life. The govern paign chairmen-organizing, coordinat At a time when many of our policies over mental system our forefathers created to free ing, and conducting the 6-week long seas are coming under heavy attack and are us from tyranny, has become itself a tyranni campaign: buckling in some places; in a time when re cal cancer that is eating away at the freedoms CAMPAIGN CHAmMEN cession and inflation are underminig the it once won for us. George Andruskevitch, Decatur Airport, ability of our own citizens to provide a living Of course, the history of our country is Decatur, Ill1nois. for themselves and at a time when our self filled with instances when the founding prin Ernest Bickhaus, U.S. Post Office, Quincy, resolve seems to be weakening daily; at a ciples were ignored by society and when one Illinois. time like this we as Americans need to stop group or another was not granted an equal Kenneth Blue, U.S. Post Office, Danv1lle, and think where our present policies are opportunity to prove itself. But that was not Illinois. taking us and decide if we want to go there. a fault of the principles, but of men. But I Hubert Brown, U.S. Post Office, E. St. Louis, We need to decide whether or not we want say we should not throw away the principle Ill1nois. to return to the principles that our fore simply because we have a hard time adhering Robert Buhrke, U.S. Post Office, Blooming fathers held sacred and which made the to it. Rather, we should reaffirm our al ton, Illinois. United States the greatest country on earth. legiance to the self-evident truths in the Colonel Harry L. Bush, U.S. Army St. Louis The bicentennial is the best time to do that. Declaration of Independence that "all men Area Support Center, Granite City, Illinois. Two hundred years ago, when the Dec are created equal, that they are endowed by Captain O. S. Hallett, Recruit Training laration of Independence was penned, the their Creator with certain inalienable rights, Command, Great Lakes, Illinois. leaders of our country and its people found that among these are life, liberty and the Arlen Dahlman, Savanna Army Depot, themselves at a crossroads. Today, we are pursuit of happiness." This principle was Savanna, Illinois. faced with a similar turning point. deemed valid in Congress on July 4, 1776, and Boyd Holmes, Socia.I Security Administra The people of America are confused and it is valid today. The Declaration continued tion, Mt. Vernon, Illinois. bewildered by the seeming inability of their to say that governments should derive their Warren Holtsberg, Air Route Traffic Con leaders to define our role in the world, and power from the consent of the people, that, trol Center, Aurora, Illinois. the role of government at home; they are and I quote from the Declaration: "It is the Major S. G. Jones, Chanute Technical angered by the encroachments government right of the people to alter or abolish it, Training Center, Chanute Air Force Base, has made against our personal freedoms and and to institute new government laying its Illinois. rights and its simultaneous inability to prop foundation on such principles and organiz Robert Juricic, U.S. Post Office, Joliet, erly care for those who cannot care for them ing its powers in such form as to them shall Illinois. selves. In short, we are in the middle of a seem most likely to effect safety and Patrick Klein, U.S. Army Weapons Com national identity crisis. I firmly believe that happiness." mand, Rock Island, Illinois. the only way out of this identity crisis that Our federal government through its Harold Lintz, U.S. Post Office, Peoria, will lead us on the upward road to progress bureaucracies and regulatory agencies regu Illinois. and further national success is a second larly issues rulings and edicts that run con American Revolution. Clark MeKenna, U.S. Post Office, Kankakee, trary to the wishes of the people; it com Illinois. Certainly, I don't mean another violent monly acts in ways to abridge our rights. I Gerald Marks, U.S. Department of Com upheaval fought with guns. What I do mean submit that our second American Revolution merce, Chicago, Illinois. is a revolution of words and ideas and of par should be to alter much of the pseudo-gov ticipation by every American to lead America ernment that has been created by the bu Al Mera, U.S. Post Office, Rockford, Illinois. back to free enterprise, personal liberty and Jack Schwarte, Social Security Adminis reaucies and to abolish tyrannical activities self-sufficiency and to a more responsible role they have conducted. tration, Alton, Illinois. in world affairs. Bill Tipsword, Social Security Administra The number of people working for govern tion, Galesburg, Illinois. Free enterprise and personal initiative ment should be cut to not more than one in B. J. Tolson, U.S. Penitentiary, Marion, have been steadily strangled by the cobwebs every 50 people. Their powers to issue regu Illinois. of poorly drawn, pitifully administered, and lations should be curtailed immensely, and Gordon Young, U.S. Department of the ill-conceived Federal regulations. The regu all permanent regulations should be subject Treasury, Springfield, Illinois. latory agencies have grown so all-powerful to Congressional approval. The ability of some Joseph Zandecki, U.S. Post Office, LaSalle, that they have become a law unto themselves agencies to seize property ana bank accounts Illinois. with little of the checks and balances that without due process-like the Internal our forefathers knew we needed to avoid Revenue Service , currently does-should be Major Howard Zimmett, U.S. Air Force. despotism at all levels of government. The expressly prohibited. In short, this phase of Scott Air Force Base, Illinois. conditions of regulation at every level of our our second American Revolution should be to transportation system-our national blood get back into shape; rid ourselves of the fiscal lines-range from ineptitude and negligence obesity; slim down our bureaucratic waste to outright corruption. The same sad situa line and otherwise regain the active, vital OUR BICENTENNIAL-A TIME FOR tion exists in varying degrees at every level national physique that is needed to stay REASSESSMENT AND REAFFIRMA of our obese, blundering regulatory system. strong and free. TION As part of the second American revolution, I Something is also amiss with our positions propose that we examine in minute detail in other countries. It is hard to say exactly every law, every regulation, every ruling and what has gone awry, but undoubtedly, some HON. THAD COCHRAN every significant act whose effect is to either thing very wrong has happened in our foreign OF MISSISSIPPI grant a privilege or restrict the growth of policy. The roots of our current situation American business. I submit that we could span decades and presidents, but for the first IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have avoided our present recession and all time in our modern history, many countries, Thursday, September 4, ·1975 of our economic woes if nine-tenths of the formerly our allies, feel they cannot trust us regulations we live with today had never any more. We are watching alliances dissolve Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. Speaker, on April been written. History has shown us that every and hearing allies tell us that there is no 21, 1975, I had the honor of delivering an economic decline we have experienced, in longer any advantage to being associated address in Jackson, Miss., on the oc cluding the Great Depression and our current with us. We have allowed ourselves to be casion of that city's designation as a Bi problems, have been caused not by the free cowed by a group of half-developed and centennial Community. I submit the text enterprise system and Laissez Faire Capital wholly ruthless countries and we find it im ism, but by governmental meddling with its possible to know what to do. This crossroad of that address for the consideration of operation. So as a first step in our revolution, can be a debacle from which we might never my colleagues: we as citizens must make a vigorous effort to recover, or it can be a golden opportunity. It OUR BICENTENNIAL-A TIME FOR REASSESS rid ourselves of all unnecessary and stifling must be the latter. We must look upon it as MENT AND REAFFIRMATION federal regulations, which is to say, most of an opportunity to examine what we have As the United States prepares to celebrate them. done; admit our mistakes; figure out what the 200th anniversary of the revolution that Our forefathers were suspicious of big gov sort of role we can and should play in the made it a country, it stands on the brink of ernment. The history of events surrounding world and then gather the resolve to carry another revolution that could have effects the drafting of the Constitution, TI!• Declara through. tion of Independence and the character of We cannot run from world affairs. We can that are as significant as the first. In the past our first leaders show that a large federal two or three years a world-wide revolution not withdraw from our setbacks and hope to government was meant to be avoided by them hide within our own shores. We did that after has been in progress that is now having at all costs. Yet we have strayed and· have World War I. We isolated ourselves from our significant effects on the ways we as Ameri one of the largest and most entrenched allies and world affairs, but our isolation and cans live our lives. bureaucratic organizations in the world. A the unwillingness to get involved nearly al Because of these changes, it is imperative large bureaucracy that employs more than lowed a fanatic to take over Europe. Per that we look at the bicentennial not as just one in every six people and gorges itself on haps we have recently gotten too involved a 200th birthday celebration; we should look our personal income is failing to adequately with our role in the world and tried to do too September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27675 much. This I suspect has been the case. What self against charges that he had com but he is nothing like Jack Anderson. we must now do, is determine what we must promised "an intelligence operation, Hunter has spent a half-century report do to maintain our own security in the perhaps even jeopardizing the life of an ing facts to the American people. He is world, which alliances can best provide this security, and then we must put the available agent, inside the Soviet Union." Accord an expert in good journalism but also resources behind our words and promises to ing to Anderson: in psychological warfare. During World leave no doubt in the minds of our allies and More than 2 years ago, we were tipped off War II he took leave from his journalis our enemies. that the Central Intelligence Agency had tic pursuits in order to serve the U.S. Our second revolution, then, must have managed to eavesdrop on the private con Government as a psychological warfare three parts: ( 1) to restore free enterprise, versations of Kremlin leaders. Some of the expert in the Pacific against our Japa (2) to restore personal freedoms and (3) to transcripts, we were told, were quite nese enemy. So Ed Hunter knows both restore our security in the world. We actual titillating. sides of the coin. He now publishes a ly have an easier job than our forefathers We checked out the story with a CIA did. They had to create their own direction. source who had access to the transcripts. monthly magazine of news analyses We merely have to open our eyes and look He confirmed that the CIA was intercepting called Tactics. He describes it as "The at the directions they set for us. the telephone traffic between the limousines only professional 'psywar' journal." In But our second revolution will not be an of Soviet bigwigs. the issue of Tactics for January 20, 1974, easy one despite the sign posts left by Jeffer Ed Hunter announced an award to Jack son, Washington, Adams, Franklin and other Anderson claimed that his source in Anderson. Tactics gave Anderson the revolutionary patriots. What we seem to be the CIA told him that there was no harm "most despicable story award." He got lacking is inspiration. We must develop the in releasing the story and he published it not only for the story we have de resolve, the individual commitment and the a careful story on September 16, 1971, scribed above when Jack Anderson re energy to become twentieth century patriots about the eavesdropping. He wrote: who will fight the smothering blankets of vealed to the Russian Communists the For obvious security reasons, we can't give methods by which the United States was apathy, overgrown bureaucracy and lack of a clue as to how it's done but we can state regard for our principles. It makes very little categorically that for years the CIA has been learning of their aggressive plans, but difference whether our freedoms are stolen able to listen to the kingpins of the Kremlin for many of the Jack Anderson stories from us by ~he physical force of an oppressor, banter, bicker and backbite among them that have betrayed American secrets to or by the pen of an unrestrained bureaucrat selves. its enemies or were useful to its enemies backed by an unchecked federal government. in attacking policies· and institutions of The key to our continued success, and lib Anderson claimed that his CIA source our country. Since Jack Anderson con erty, is in your hands. Whether or not each asked him not to reveal the method by tinues his aittacks on the United States one of you decides to write a letter, attend which they were obtaining the informa and its defensive institutions, I think it a hearing or protest excessive governmental tion, that is the bugging of the cars of interference will determine the outcome of is time to reproduce Ed Hunter's report our Republic. Of course one of the biggest the Soviet officials. of the "most despicable story award" to obstacles to this is the incorrect feeling that According to Anderson, on March 17, Jack Anderson. The story from the your one act will make no difference. It will, 1972, Richard Helms, then chief of the January 20, 1974, issue of Tactics fol and when millions of people from coast to CIA, invited him to lunch. Anderson lows: coast raise their words in protest against the boasted: internal institutions that are robbing us of JACK ANDERSON EARNS IT-MOST DESPICABLE He asked me not to mention the eaves STORY AWARD our legacy, then action will come. And when dropping operation in my book "The Ander that happens, you must not rest. We have The Most Despioaible Story Award, as de son Papers." He acknowledged that the termined by TACTICS maigazine, for news rested our voices and that has led us into Kremlin leaders knew their conversations danger. The price of liberty, as Patrick Henry publicartions, went to Harrison Salisbury of had been monitored. But he pleaded with the New York Times, when the contest be once said, is eternal vigilance. The time has me to keep quiet and urged me particularly come when we must decide whether our hard gan in 1966. The aiward was announced in never to mention how the conversations had the Jia.n. 20, 1967 Issue of TACTICS, for his won freedoms and the liberty we enjoy are been intercepted. worth protecting from enemies both at home pro-enemy, propagandist dispatches from Accordingly, I omitted the references from Hanoi. SwlisbUJry had demonstrated his oali and abroad. Nothing short of a revolution my book and left it to others to reveal the in government today will be able to stop our ber in his Moscow coverage in 1953 of Stalin's secret monitoring method. Not until today, death, which he represented as causing uni slide into a morass that will oppress us as after the limousine listening operation had fully as any invader. versal grief among the Soviet people. been widely publicized elsewhere have we The '8/Wa.rd just had to be revived for 1973, This is a hard assessment, but when things mentioned how it was done. are going wrong, a hard, honest assessment is t.o memoriailize Jack Anderson's work. all that is worth considering. I personally be Although, of course, the Soviet officials The most despicable news story award for 1973 is awarded, hra.nds down, by TACTICS lieve that we will rise to the challenge that did not conduct major meetings in cars, magiazine, to Jack Anderson. He is granted faces us. We have faced tough fights before, they did discuss many matters which the aw.a.rd, both on the basis of an individual but we have never faced a crossroads that were of interest to the Central Intelli news story--or news column-111nd for a con has made a right decision so crucial. The cor gence Agency. References in conversa sistency in reporting, Ulllll3Jtched for adverse rect reassessment, the necessary vigor and energy and the reaffirmation of our belief in tions among Soviet officials to military, effect upon the United States. personal freedom will make the difference technological, and economic warfare If any doubt existed whether the award was deserved, it was dispelled on Dec. 10, between another successful 200 yea.rs and against the West are always of interest to American intelligence. In 1971. Jack 1973, as the year was approaching its end, possible decline. As Woodrow Wilson said in by a column that the Washington Post en his first inaugural speech: "Men's hearts Anderson alerted the Soviets to the fact titled, "How the CIA Snooped Inside Rus wait upon us, men's lives hang in the bal that some of their private conversations sia." ance; men's hopes call upon us to say what were being overheard by the United Practically nobody can deny that Soviet we will do. Who shall live up to the great States. Two years later, he revealed the Russia depends upon espionage and psycho trust? Who dares fail to try?" We dare not specific methods of operation that en logioal warfare in all its forms in its ag fail to try. For us and for the world. gressions and in setting up a tM'get nation So let this bicentennial be a rebirth. Let abled the United States to know the secret plans of the Communist dictators. for conquest. Surely, nobody can deny that us make a commitment to America that will lit regards the United States, which it refers maintain us as a light of freedom to the None of this information printed by to by the code word, Imperialism, as its ma world and a source of joy and liberty to our Anderson helped the American people in jor long-range target. selves and our generations yet to come. any way. It only served the purposes of Certainly, nobody can deny that the the Communist dictators, to tighten up greatest help that can be given the Kremlin their security and prevent the United and its KGB, in setting up the United States States from knowing their secret plans for attack, would be disclosure by Amer1c.ains JACK ANDERSON BETRAYS AMER of aggression. themselves o! "how the CIA" is opera.ting in ICA'S SECRETS TO OUR ENEMIES the USSR. The fact that a Director of the CIA rt we fall t.o d:lsoover what the reds are do has to take someone like Jack Ander ing, we constitute a sitting duck for a. nu HON. LARRY McDONALD son to lunch to beg him not to reveal clear Peairl Harbor assault from space. If this be OF GEORGIA impartant American secrets clearly in- ls not what the CIA must depended upon to do-the job for which it WM organized. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dicates the amount of power in Ander son's hands--'J)ower without safeguard then it might as well be disbanded. Indeed, Thursday, September 4, 1975 it woun.d be preferable t.o disband it in such from irresponsible abuse and petulant circumstances, for it would serve only to lull Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. whim. the American people lnt.o a sutcldal depend• Speaker, Jack Anderson defended him Edward Hunter is also a journalist, ence on a service that did not exist. CXXI--1743-Part 21 27.676 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 197·5 If American pressure can be used to handi Wasn't this a field in which he could in a tone given to seemingly innocent words. cap the Central Intell1gence Agency in its telligently serve his country in this crisis? The headline to the Nov. 3 column, of 1972, operations, an equal service would be pro Again, Anderson referred to secret memos. read, "U.S. Delivering Two Subs to Taiwan." vided the enemy. If this ls not of treasonable If he is able with such ease to obtain docu - This broke our agreement with Peking, impact, that word, too, wm have lost its ments of a security nature from the highest Anderson righteously implied. Again, the in rationale. sources in the U.S. government, the reds formation was from "a secret order." Peking Jack Anderson's column declared, "the CIA sure·ly are cut into the same sort of chan has no more consistent ally against Taipei was intercepting the telephone traffic be nels. If Nixon has not set up an investigatory than Jack Anderson. tween the limousines of Soviet big-wigs." body, or called existing ones into action, to Neither has Hanoi any more consistent The columnist wrote that the conversations trace such leaks, he ls sorely deficient in his supporter against Saigon. A hackneyed "psy were inconsequential and personal. Yet any prime duties. Yet, the political squeeze play war" propaganda slan·t is thait the foe is cer agent of any nation on earth would leap at being imposed upon him makes it almost tain to lose. In his column of Feb. 1, 1973, the cha.nee to bug such conversations. "We impossible for hl..'ll to fu11lll such a respon Anderson declared that the "secret estimate" published a careful story on Sept. 16, 1971, sib111ty. of the JoiDJt Chiefs is tha.t "the communists about the eavesdropping," the column dis The Anderson column has helped to create will gain control of all Vietnam." closed. For "security reasons," he added, "we this dangerous situation. Whether one hates So what's the use of helping our side? can't give a clue as to how it's done. But we or adores the President is utterly irrelevant. Jack Anderson, while not as suave as his can state categorically that for years the CIA Whether he is to be praised or criticized on meilitor, Drew Pearson, has well earned his has been able to listen to the kingpins of the other matters is just as irrelevant. Common award. Kremlin banter, bicker and backbite among sense should dictate this ! themselves." ALWAYS EXCUSE FOR THE ENEMY If Jack Anderson doesn't also get the Lenin His Mar. 22 column was headlined, "Ha NEW LAWS REGULATE-OR EVEN Prize for this information, he has been noi's Buildup Followed One by U.S." as run BAN-THE SALE OF HANDGUNS cheated. He went on in this, Dec. 10 column: in the Washington Post. We "precipitated" the red shipment of supplies "to their own "The following December, we quoted from forces in the south," as he interpreted it; secret White House minutes to show that !allure to move aside and allow the com HON. MARTIN A. RUSSO President Nixon had lied to Congress and the munists to take over all of Viet Nam can OF ILLINOIS public about the India-Pakistan conflict." be considered, from this point of view, as a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President Nixon thereupon set "the plumb hostile act. So it is, in doubletalk. ers" into investigating how outsiders could Hanoi, as is its tactical custom, proven by Thursday, September 4, 1975 be cut into the most secret deliberations of the record, followed its cease-fire agreement the government. Nixon had not only the with a major movement of forces and sup Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, I would like right, but the duty, to ferret out this infor plies southward, contrary to the pact. This to share with my colleagues today a mation, and to use any means possible in do was done, according to the Andetrson col newspaper article that appeared in the ing so. No more deadly security breach can umn, "to match the U.S. buildup." Chicago Sun-Times on June 29. It con be imagined; nations have been wiped out Anderson can accuse our side of doing cerns the efforts of some Chicago suburbs on less! what the enemy is doing with the same to control the sale of handguns. Ordi This writer cannot understand the failure aplomb as demonstrated by the reds them nances affecting the sale of handguns of the White House to do so, and to let the selves, as in this column. Poor, mallgned, nation know, and to tell it why, except that peaceful communists. We are always pick are on the books in Blue Island in my Nixon ls himself trapped in his "detente" ing on them! congressional district as well as in Oak ploy with Moscow and Peking. The price ls Nixon's bombing of the North obviously Park, Wheaton, Niles, and Hoffman much too high. brought abowt whatever conclusion was Estates. I commend these towns for their HELPS TO STRANGLE OUR FRIENDS reached in negotiations. They succeeded, action and others in the area that are anyway, in getting 500 and more American considering such steps. A column of Dec. 11 was entitled by the prisoners-of-war out of red hands. A tre Washington Post: "Saigon Gets Critically The issue of reducing violent crime by mendous pro-red orchestration had sought eliminating trafficking in handguns is Short U.S. Oil." to prevent such decisive action on our part. The least the United States can do, of When this propag,anda. effort failed, the not a new one, but it is one that demands course, to help the Vietnamese stave off red next step on Hanoi's behalf had to be to stop immediate attention from the 94th Con conquest ls to give it the minimum of oil the bombing by a campaign to show U was gress. Unless measures are taken to pre needed to operate. We guaranteed Mao Tse being ineffective, anyway. So, the May 31 vent the easy acquisition of handguns, tung's victory on the Chinese mainland by column was headed, "Bombing Said to Bol police officers will continue to :fight im cutting off the supplies it needed to survive. ster Hanoi Effort." possible odds in the battle against crime, The only reason such a column can appear The column could not deny the destruc and guns will remain the chief instru at this time ls to lmmobillze the South Ko tion that we inflicted, so it adopted the reans. Indeed, the usual consistency ls found twist: " ... the North Vietnamese economy ment of murder. in the Jack Anderson column on practically was already breaking down. Now Hanoi can During my time with the State's attor all matters crippling or paralyzing the United blame it all on the bombing.... " ney's office in Illinois, I had the oppor States and all its allies, while taking the op Similarly as with news treatment of Nixon, tunity to work with many law enforce posite approach where the interests of our no matter whait is done, if our side does it, ment officials, including local police toes are concerned. it's bad. chiefs and police officers. The overwhelm Anyone identified with a cause strengthen The obvious positive impact of our mining ing opinion among them is that we must ing the United States and blocking enemy of the Haiphong harbor is now unchallenged. have some form of gun control legisla advantage against us can be sure that some But at the time, in this column, Anderson how, something Will come up in an Anderson brushed off even this. The twist he came up tion. And I am supporting and sponsoring column that wlll serve to discredit him. The with wa.s, it "forced the two Communist legislation which will ban the manufac dossier system simplifies and safeguards the rivals, Russia. and China, to work together ture, sale and.trafficking of handguns in procedure. Keep a dossier on everyone. Then for the first time in 10 years.... " the United States. choose your target, anyone! Consider Wil AWARD IS WELL EARNED We might take note of these small liam P. Clements, deputy defense secretary. Whether the award is being presented on communities that are, despite the lack He was in a minority, but without the op the basis of 1973 alone, any season in it, or of leadership from us, moving to regulate position of the majority, on a Presldentla.l any period of years, it is well deserved; it has or even ban the sale of handguns. commission set up to study defense matters, been well earned. The article follows: to explain how increasingly vulnerable we The Eagleton affair, in which Anderson ad were becoming vis-a-vis the Soviet Union. mittedly !falsely accused the Missouri sen NEW LAWS REGULATE--OR EVEN BAN Clements was one of the positive appoint ator, then on the McGovern ticket as Vice HANDGUN SALES ments made by President Nixon. Presidential candidate, of a record of arrest (By Jerry DeMuth) The Anderson column of Dec. 18 had its for drunken and reckless driving, happened Some suburbs have become the handgun opportunity in the use of Middle Eastern oil in 1972. But it alone deserved "the most market for Chicago. as a weapon against the United States. Clem despicable story award." It simply has been "You don't find many shops selling hand ents, as a businessman, has "personal hold delayed. guns in Chicago because of Chicago's ordi ings in Sedco, a Texas-based oil drilling The Chicago Tribune of July 29, 1972, edi nances," explained Stephen Schiller, execu firm," Anderson pointed out; it was com torially l·abelled it, "Damnable Journalism," tive director of the Chicago Crime Commis mon knowledge. calling it "one of the blackest marks in sion. "So your gun market is outside of the Clements, obviously knowledgeable on American journalism and one which apolo corporate limits, in places like Oak Park, Lin these critical matters, was stated by Ander gies and retractions will never be able to colnwood, Blue Island, Franklln Park. You son to back "the creation of a Defense En erase." It was "inexcusable," the paper said. can buy your handguns across the counter ergy Policy Council reporting directly to me A tWist always can be found to defame there." tor the purpose of approving major policies one side and to whitewash the other. Any But now, many suburbs are moving to reg related to energy matters." action can be made to seem good or bad by ulate or even ban the sale of handguns. September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27677 Last January, Blue Island adopted a law north suburban Niles. Sales reports, furnished choose their own occupation and no one banning the sale of handguns and other to the vlllage, are to include the name, age could say you do this, you do that work. short-barreled guns to the public. The law and address of purchasers, date and purpose At times you hear people say, why doesn't was challenged by one of two local gun of the purchase and the purchase price. Niles the government do something about it? shops and the courts, while upholding the also has a voluntary gun registration pro Those people don't stop to think or maybe city's authority to regulate firearms, struck gram for gun owners, as do Chicago Heights even know that they are the government, down certain aspects of the law. and Arlington Heights. they can improve or do something about it. The law has been rewritten and is expected A similar registration program, which is You should be glad with your freedoms for to be readopted July 8. designed to help owners in case of loss or some people who live in slums and poverty "We were having a lot of traffic, people theft, did exist in Oak Lawn. cannot enjoy these freedoms. They lose faith coming in here and buying handguns," said "It was discontinued because it took too in the government. But what are your free Blue Island Police Chief Marvin F. O'Lena. much of our time and wasn't effective," ex doms? You have the freedom of speech, free "We wanted to put a stop to it." plained Asst. Police Chief George Kummer. dom of the press, freedom of religion, freedom Chief O'Lena referred to the number of "Gun owners would sell their guns and not to criticize, freedom to vote in secret, the crimes and deaths related to handguns, in inform the police department." right to petition, freedom to work at any cluding several deaths the last couple of years Arlington Heights police recommended an job. And this is what they mean to me. in our town. ordinance la.st fall that would have licensed Freedom of speech: That means I have the "These handguns are getting out of gun dealers, banned gun display in exterior power to say what I please to any person, but hand . . . or into the wrong hands," he said. windows and required that guns be stored I can't say anything against someone enough The Blue Island ordinance, in addition in a locked place. "We wanted to make sure to injure his name. I may use this freedom to banning sale to all but such persons as dealers have their guns under proper con when I don't agree With the government. But the military police and security guards, also trol," said Chief L. W. Calderwood. I can't use it to destroy freedom. prohibits the display of handguns and re The ordinance has never been acted upon. Freedom of the press: Means that I can, quires dealers to keep a record of all sales. Similarly, south suburban Palos Hills has at anytime in anyplace, set up a printing On June 16, Oak Park adopted an ordi not acted on an ordinance to regulate sale press and issue a newspaper, or magazine, or nance that restricts the carrying of hand of weapons which was introduced in March. a book. I have the freedom to read anything guns and requires a police permit for acquisi Larry Frang, of the Illinois Municipal I want. tion. Character references are needed be League, which surveyed suburbs on gun con Freedom of rellgion: Means I have the right fore a sale can be completed and all handgun trol laws for The Sun-Times, said he has to worship God in any way I want and I could transactions, limited to persons over 21 with found growlng interest in suburbs adopting go to the church I wish to. out a criminal record, must be reported to local gun controls. Freedom to criticize: When you think the the police. "A lot of suburbs are now considering such government or something is doing poorly you "Last fall," explained Oak Park Trustee laws," he said. have the right to criticize just like freedom Sandor Loeby, a sponsor of the ordinance, of speech. ''I heard a couple of Chicago policemen Freedom to vote in secret: When I get older express dissatisfaction with Chicago law be ESSAY-"WHAT DEMOCRACY MEANS I can vote for whom I think ls the best leader cause people could walk across to suburbs TO ME" and when I vote I have the right to vote in like Oak Park and buy handguns." private booths. _ The ordinance was adopted to prevent such Right to petition: That means if I don't an occurrence. A proposal to place an out HON. THOMAS J. DOWNEY agree on something I can stick up and re right ban on handguns was defeated 5 to 2. OF NEW YORK quest a change on what I don't like. Such a ban has been proposed in Wilmette Freedom to work at any job: When ever I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by resident Charlotte Adelman, who is an want I can start a business at any job I want attorney. Thursday, September 4, 1975 and no one can tell me what to work at. I Mrs. Adelman said she saw the need for simply take the job that I enjoy. such a ban when putting up a birdhouse in Mr. DOWNEY of New York. Mr. Because democracy ls a living thing, there her backyard recently. "I suddenly heard Speaker, it is with great pleasure that will be problems to be met and changes to be gunshots," she said. "A youth from the neigh I submit to you and to my colleagues the made all the time. Democracy belongs to borhood was shooting at birds with his par winning essay entitled, "What Democ everyone, to all the people who recognize that ents' handgun. He was only 13 or so and I racy Means to Me," written by Christine every person should be respected as a human could have been shot. Ipolyi. All Brentwood elementary schools, being. I am proud and glad to be 11 ving in a "If other arms, such as sawed-off shotguns St. Anne's and St. Joseph's school were democracy. and metal knuckles, can be banned under state law," she asked, "why can't handguns participants from the Second Congres be banned?" sional District in New York. These were fifth grade students and there was one CONGRESS CONTINUES TO DEBATE Her proposed ordinance is presently being ON WHAT COURSE TO TAKE ON discussed by the vlllage's judicial committee. winner from each school and one overall Several suburbs, like Oak Park, require a winner. Ms. Ipolyi was the overall win ENERGY PROBLEMS police check of handgun purchasers before ner and received a trophy and also a sales are consummated. This has been the savings bond. law in Hoffman Estates ever since the village HON. TIM LEE CARTER was incorporated in 1959. Permits are then Ms. Ipolyi's essay exemplifies the kind OF KENTUCKY issued by the clerk. Records of all sales of of education that the Brentwood public IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES firearms must be submitted to officials by schools attempt to instill in America's dealers. The recent opening of two gun stores future leaders and I am proud to submit Thursday, September 4, 1975 in the northwest suburb have prompted a it into the RECORD. Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, as we here review of that law. I am sure that everyone who reads her in the Congress continue to debate Addison has a similar law which requires essay will enjoy the spirit in which it was which course the United States should reports of sales and police checks of pur written and will find words to remember. follow in dealing with our energy prob chasers. "It's one of the strongest measures a.round," Ms. Ipolyi's essay follows: lems, it would do us well to remember the said Lt. Chuck Gruba. "A dealer can't sell WHAT DEMOCRACY MEANS TO ME basic reality of the situation: the United a gun to someone without first having it Democracy ls more than a form of govern States has become dangerously depend cleared by the police department." ment. It ls a way of life in the home, in the ent on imported petroleum supplies and The Blue Island ordinance, in many ways school, and in your community. The word we must develop our domestic resources, one of the strongest in the suburbs, doesn't democracy means, government by the people. particularly coal, to supply our energy provide for a police check of purchasers, Through the centuries men have tried to although it does 11mit who can purchase a come out from the shadow of slavery into needs. handgun. the sunlight of freedom. Freedom did not The situation is that simple, but some ''I'd have to have 10 extra men on the come overnight. It has taken hundreds of times it appears we lose sight of this force just to check on the backgrounds of years and the work of milllons of people to reality. In light of this, a recent address everyone who's been coming here to buy find ways to make a democracy work. by Mr. Frank G. Zarb, Administrator of handguns," commented Chief O'Lena. As the centuries rolled by, men discov the Federal Energy Administration, is Wheaton law makes lt illegal to furnish ered tha.t "Government by the people", ls particularly critical because it points out weapons to persons under 18. The western the perfect form of government for the ben the realities which we must face and with suburb also licenses dealers, requiring them efit of all people. Democracy has a definite to keep an Inventory of weapons they have purpose. The goal ts to see tha.t everyone which we must contend. Representing, and a record of weapons sold. lives like a. decent human being. as I do, a major coal-bearing section of Similar controls are placed on dealers in Democracy gives the right for men to Kentucky, :i; found his comments about 27678 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 the great and growing importance of coal speak to you, those hands will have pocketed dividuals, will begin to react to reality. They especially noteworthy. a million American dollars for imported oil. will begin to use energy efficiently in the I am pleased to off er for the careful That is almost $3 million every hour, more home, in the factory, and on the road. consideration of my esteemed colleagues, than 70 million dollars every da.y. I have enough faith in the common sense Compared to $3 billion in 1970, in 1974, of the American homeowner to know that he Mr. Zarb's speech before the Kentucky those same hands collected 25 billion U.S. can tell a good deal when he sees one. Faced Economic Development Commission's dollars for their oil-more than $400 for every with the real value of energy, he will put up Economic Growth Conference in Louis- American family. In 1977 alone, they will col storm windows, add to his insulation, and ville August 27: ' lect $32 billion even if there is no price in take all of those other prudent steps re Hon. FRANK G. ZARB SPEAKS BEFORE THE crease by the cartel. quired to make home use of energy more KENTUCKY EcONOMIC GROWTH CONFERENCE There is another reality behind those fig effective. When I was a kid in Brooklyn, we used to ures-American jobs, American payrolls, and Faced with that same reality, a factory think of the South in terms of two things American workers. The money we spent for manager will have to decide between a more the "black gold" in Texas, and all that real oil imports in 1974 could have paid the sal expensive piece of machinery that uses en- gold in Fort Knox, Kentucky. aries of a million, six hundred thousand ergy more efficiently and one which may be Somebody explained to me that Kentucky American workers or built more than 600,000 cheaper initially, but will cost him every didn't own the gold; that you were just "care brand new homes. But it did not pay any month when the utility bill comes in. takers" of the nation's wealth. At the time, I salaries, at least not here, and it did not That same realism will also begin to con thought I'd like to take care of some of it build anything, at least not for us. vert our automobile industry from the pro myself. That is reality-unpleasant but true. And, duction of fleets of chromium plated gun Well I'm not Secretary of the Treasury so if we continue to do nothing, reality will boats to efficient cars that get us where we the gold is safe. But the 1970's are changing become harsher because the Organization of are going without emptying the gas tank Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) will every 200 miles. the definition of "black gold". It's no long,er not disappear. oil, but also coal, and in that sense, our Fort And that is not just theory, but fact. Knox of energy has shifted from Texas to It's in business-a very profitable busi Over the last 2 years, more efficient com Kentucky. ness-and they are in it to stay. They have pact and subcompact cars have gone from the market-us-cornered and they intend to a little more than 41 percent of the market, In practical terms, the coal here in this keep us there. state-which accounts for almost a quarter to 54 percent. Average mileage for new cars of the country's production-will be more Like any monopoly, they intend to maxi has gone from a little more than 14 miles val ua.ble to us over the next decade than the mize their profits. Anyone who thinks they per-gallon in 1973 to better than 17 for the gold in Fort Knox. So now you are the care won't, anyone who ignores reality and dreams 1975 model year. The 520,000 barrels of gaso taker of the nation's financial foundation of the day when the cartel wm disappear line consumed every day by new cars in 1973 and a large part of its energy future as well. might as well resign himself to remaining has steadily declined, and is expected to drop And you have shown that that future is in cornered-economically and politically. to 385,000 barrels by 1977. good and responsible hands with some of the The only way to take back our own inde The major factor in those gains has been most far-reaching and effective energy plan pendence-to get out of that corner-is to market demand. The consumer in the show ning that has been done so far in the United establish a tough, hard program that will re room is aware of the new reality. He is mak States. duce our reliance on their product. ing his awareness known to the people who You have shared your resources with the But we wm never take even the first step make cars. And there is no way he, or the rest of us. You have managed your own local out of the corner if we refuse to see reality, factory manager or homeowner can make energy crisis with the coal severance tax-re if we keep dreaming that nothing has their feelings known-no way they can even funded in part to the counties; with a State changed and that somehow oil will again sell become aware of the real value of energy un Department of Energy; with an energy Re for three dollars a barrel and that the price less a true price tells them: "Be careful; it's of energy will come down. scarce." search and Development Center to adminis That amounts to building castles in the ter a $50 million dollar trust fund that you That is the only course a free society can air, and then trying to live in them. And any take and still remain free. The only alterna set up; and with a plan to pool natural gas one who promises a return to cheap energy for industry to meet last winter's curtail tive is increasing governmental control over is simply trying to help us furnish those im some of our most basic decisions. ments and the shortages of the coming heat possible dreams. ing season. Instead of attaching a price tag to an Even if we try to live in those castles, we article to warn a consumer of what he ts That is cooperation. That is support for won't escape from reality for very long. We national needs, and effective concern for local about to do, we can create bureaucracies to can keep our domestic oil relatively cheap, tell us that energy is scarce; to tell the home problems. That is federalism in practical and for example, by maintaining price controls productive terms. owner that his thermostat is too low this on more than half of it. summer; to tell the factory manager that And it is also an example to the . rest of But in the real world that means less do the country-an example of realism, of seeing he must buy a particular item, or that he mestic production to satisfy growing con cannot expand his business because his allo the situation as it is and not as we wish it sumption. That demand will be filled by in were, of facing the truth about ourselves, cation can't be increased. secure, foreign sources of oil. Our consump In short, we can change our economic early about our economy, about our lifestyles, and tion of imported oil will grow, and there is about the future. warning system from the free market to the no way the Federal Government can control bureaucrat's memo, and in so doing, alter That is what I would like to speak to you the price of oil produced in another country. about tonight-reality, not just as we wish the foundations of our free economic system. More and more exorbitantly priced oil will But building that kind of federally con to see it, but as it is, and truth, not just as flow into this country. So it is not a ques we wish it to be, but as it is. trolled system ls like adding another wing tion of whether the price of oil will go up, to that castle in the air that I mentioned. And the first truth we had better face is but when, and under whose control. that the United States, in terms of oil is not It won't meet anybody's expectations because In effect, the oil producing countries of the some who are victimized by the control men the country it once was. In 1949, in 1956, world will decontrol our prices for us, and and again in 1967, shipments of Mideast tality assume that the government can lead you can be sure that they won't offer to re us back to the dream land of cheap energy. crude oil to the United States were curtailed turn the money to low and middle income because of political motives. No one even The truth is that those who call for con Americans as the Administration has pro trols, whether an allocation system, or con noticed it then because the United States had posed. surplus capacity in its oil fields. tinued regulations on the price of oil and This is reality. And if we stlll possess the natural gas, are proposing a nightmare-an But unfortunately, few people noticed pragmatic, pioneering courage and guts of when that surplus began to dwindle and de expensive nightmare made even more fright those who settled Kentucky and the rest of ening by the government's tendency to give cline, few people, that is, until 1973 when the country, we will face reality and plan for some producers did the same thing that they at least equal weight to political as well as the future on the facts as lthey are. We will economic profit in making decisions. had done three times before. Then everybody stop constructing those castles in the air, took notice. The best course for government is to clear and build a tough, realistic, effective policy a path for consumers so that they can make From secure supplies, under our own con to reduce our consumption, incre·ase our do trol we had begun to lean on insecure sources their own decisions. But we can make that mestic energy production from all sources, path smoother by reforming the tax codes for 35 percent of our consumotion. We went and make this country even more invulner from independence to dependence in one and returning excess profits to consumers, as able than it once was. the President has proposed, so that low and decade-a dependence that grows each year, But the key to effective action is recog middle income Americans don't carry the in the absence of a national policy-a de nizing reality: energy is scarce and that burden. pendence which now amounts to 38 percent means that energy is valuable. The only suc Now, I have talked about reality, and prob of our consumption. cessful means our society has yet developed ably made it sound pretty grim. But the en That is a fact-unpleasant but true. for measuring the value bf a commodity is its ergy realities of America are also encour• But that dependence also has other impli real price. aging. Unlike most of the world's other cations. If others produce the .oil we con Simply stated, if we allow price to reflect countries we do have the resources to replace sume, the price we pay to satisfy our demand the economic facts of energy-that it is a our oil imports. is in their hands. scarce and valuable commodity-then con We can develop additional energy sup And in the twenty minutes, or so, that I sumers, and I mean both industry and in- plies under our own control: more oil and September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27679 natural ga.s from the Outer Continental Shelf, count for eight percent of our consumption f essors of economics, Iowa State Uni Alaska. and the Na.val Petroleum Reserves. by 1985, and will make a major annual con versity, illustrate in the following paper, But there is some oil which will never be tribution by the year 2000. the lack of adequate delivery points dis produced if we continue to impose an arti You can see it beginning to happen here in ficial price. I'm talking about the oil in fields Kentucky. As you may already know, the torts the market to the detriment of the that existed in 1972 and before. tests and studies for a demonstration plant farmer and the local grain elevator. Some of those fields could be abandoned to produce pipeline quality gas from this The use of the futures market is a valid with more than half the oil still in the State's coal is practically complete. tool in forecasting commodity prices ground. Getting it out requires sophisticated, When it comes to the future of coal, when if it is a free market. The futures market expensive technology-techniques that cost it comes to the future of the country, we can only be made free if the potential for more than the oil can be sold for under con have reason to feel confident and hopeful. delivery exists. trols. But both those feelings will be hollow not too I have called upon the new Commodity Remove those controls and that oil will many years from now if the truth-the grim be produced. So free oil prices are not just a. side as well as the brigh t--is hidden from Futures Trading Commission to estab conservation measure; they mean more sup the American people. lish a delivery point for corn and soy ply-nearly a half billion barrels of oil pro I've talked tonight about realism, and that beans in Council Bluffs, Iowa. Council duced in this country in 1985. realism boils down to 8 truths. Bluffs is well endowed with vast storage Besides oil, we have nuclear power which Truth Number One: capacity and an integrated transporta must be transformed from a promise to a We got into this problem over ten years. It tion system. In fact, Council Bluffs is the reality. We have a trillion dollar economy and will take time and a solid policy to come fifth largest railroad terminal in the the inventive genius to develop and use the out of it. advanced energy forms: solar, geothermal, Truth Number Two: country and the major terminal between wind and fusion. OPEC is here to stay and our continued in Chicago and the Pacific coast. Council Finally, there is coal-half a trillion tons action can only encourage them to raise Bluffs is also ideally situated in the pri of it. As you know, we intend to see coal prices even more. mary corn, soybean, and wheat growing production doubled by 1985. Truth Number Three: region in the Midwest. It is also near the But we cannot a.sk an industry to produce As a nation, we became accustomed to main oats producing region of the upper without a market. To achieve the coal pro cheap energy, abandoned our own resources, Great Plains. ductivity that we'll need by 1985, we are go such as coal, and relied on unstable, foreign ing to have to ensure that there is a depend sources. The era of cheap energy is over, and A PROPOSAL FOR MULTIPLE CORN AND SOYBEAN able growth in demand. Ironically, the chief it's time to rely on ourselves again. FUTURES DELIVERY POINTS obstacle in our path is a government policy. Truth Number Four: Prepared by Robert N. Wisner and J. Mar In pursuit of an objective thwt is per We have two choices: do nothing and vin Skadberg, Associate Professors of Eco fectly valid in its own right, the Federal Gov watch the oil producers decontrol our prices nomics, Iowa State University; Ames, Iowa ernment has imposed restrictions on the for us, or take our own destiny in our own August 21, 1973. burning of coal that may wind up reducing hands, and adopt a firm clear energy policy To improve the effectiveness of the Chicago the amount that can even be mined. I am that preserves our free society, economy and corn and soybean futures markets and to speaking of the Clean Air Act as it presently national security. make them more useful to hedgers, we pro stands. Truth Number Five: pose that additional delivery points for corn The Clean Air Act has made a great con That policy should effectively reduce our and soybean contracts be established in the tribution to the welfare of this country's consumption, and stimulate production from major corn producing states. Futures mar citizens by reducing pollution from all major our own resources. kets are vitally important to the grain in sources. But in some parts of the nation, the Truth Number Six: dustry and American farmers, but their use environmental restrictions on burning coal Realize that there ls no "free lunch", and fulness has been limited in recent months are more stringent than is necessary for the that we will have to sacrifice. by delivery difficulties. Our proposal is to add protection of public health. As stricter re Truth Number Seven: additional delivery points outside Chicago, quirements and new deadlines in the Act We can have energy and a better environ- possibly as many as 20 or 30 new locations, to come into effect, this situation will become ment. greatly improve the feasibility of delivery. It more widespread. Truth Number Eight: is proposed that the futures price be dis This situwtion also ignores reality. The The American people want the hard truth. counted by the rail freight cost from the de truth is: the Administration's energy pro I have enough confidence in the American livery point to Chicago if delivery is made gram-whether it's the Clean Air Act Amend people to know that if they are presented outside Chicago. Evidence from other futures ments or the postponement of stricter auto with the truth, they will respond as they markets indicates the multiple delivery point mobile emission standards-is consistent with always have to crises in the past. If they are concept is workable and can provide addi improving the quality of our environment. asked to sacrifice equally with their fellow tional flexibility for both long and short There is no excuse for polarizing energy citizens, they will do so. hedgers. and the environment by taking extreme and Even now they are asking for the truth I. THE NEED FOR CHANGE impossible positions. Reason and a willing hard, plain and unadorned. True leadership Larger production means presenting that truth without fear ness to sit down and discuss objectives can In the last ten years, the American grain result in productive policies for both inter and calling for that sacrifice, not asking people to be content with political vagaries industry has changed dramatically. Soybean ests. production has doubled, corn production has For example, the President's proposed full of promises that cannot be kept. The Bible says: "The truth shall make you increased by 50 percent and corn exports amendments to the Act are not made on the have tripled. Soybean exports have increased recommendation of his energy advisors alone. free." That is equally true in this context. Our economy and our national security wlll by 180 percent since 1962 and will expand They were worked out jointly between FEA sharply in 1973-74 after this year's 22 per and the Environmental Protection Agency, remain in our own hands, and we will free ourselves from our dependence on other na cent increase in acreage is harvested. in a manner which balances the goals of Despite these tremendous changes in the energy production and air quality, and at tions if the people of the United States know the truth. volume of grain being produced and mar tains both. keted, Chicago continues to be the only point If Congress will pass the proposed amend permitted for delivery of corn and soybean ments to the Clean Air Act, as well as the futures contracts on the Chicago Board of other elements in the Administration's pro A PROPOSAL FOR MULTIPLE CORN Trade. Capacities of warehouses approved for gram, then the future of the coal industry, AND SOYBEAN FUTURES DE delivery on futures contracts have not kept and of the country will be brighter than LIVERY POINTS pace with the total volumes of these grains ever before. And if industry acts as respon being marketed. sibly with regard to the needs of the coun try-including its environmental needs-as Other cash markets growing it does in the pursuit of its own goals, then a HON. TOM HARKIN While the Chicago cash market continues climate of confidence will develop both in OF IOWA to grow in volume and dollar value of the side and outside the industry-a climate that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grain handled, other cash markets are be will hasten the achievement of our energy coming more important. As a result of this goals and alleviate the capital constraints Thursday, September 4, 1975 trend, only a small peTcentage of the crop of future development. Mr. HARKIN. Mr. Speaker, I would normally moves through Chicago. The And that future is promising in many ways like to share with my colleagues informa domestic processing industry has expanded for the industry and for the nation. With substantially in Midwest areas away from. tion to support the establishment of mul Chicago, domestic feeding markets have in- oil and natural gas dwindling, coal will be tiple points gin to replace them as the economic feasi delivery for corn and soy creased sharply, and export volumes moving bility of gasification and liquefaction tech beans. At the present time, Chicago is the through the Gulf of Mexico ports are sub niques ls demonstrated. Those proces.ses will only delivery point for corn and soybeans stantially larger than Chicago shipments. also produce chemical feedstocks. traded on the futures market. As Dr. Each of these market segments represents a Coal gasification and liquefaction will ac- Wisner and Dr. Skadberg, associate pro- considerable number of potential hedgers. 27'680 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 4, 1975 Vulnerable to Chicago transportation the Board of Trade in grain marketing. It would not have to pay the full par value of problems also is vitally important to midwest eleva the contra.ct. The futures price would be re With all deliveries being routed to Chi tors, and grain and livestock farmers. The duced by the cost of transportation from cago, the futures market 1s particularly vul futures market in the pa.st has enabled the the alternate delivery point to Chicago. nerable to local transportation problems. A grain industry to absorb a high proportion Thus, 1f a firm taking delivery on a con transportation or grain handlers strike 1n of farmers' crops at harvest, hold them with tra.ct wanted the grain in Chica.go but re Chicago could prevent delivery on futures minimum price risk until later in the year, ceived it elsewhere, it could arrange to ship contracts, thus ca.using artificial and dis and gradually distribute them into marketing the grain there at a cost equaling the applled torted relationships between cash and tutures channels as buyers for the physical com discount from the par delivery point. If the prices and ma.king the market difllcult to modity a.re found. This year, because of in firm needed the irain at a location other use for hedging purposes. The same effect effectiveness of the futures market in re than Chica.go, it would have the fl.exib111ty of could occur if Chicago elevators are full and ducing price risks, the grain industry is re transporting the grain to that point, possibly congested due to a la.ck of local grain han quiring substantially wider merchandising at a lower transportation cost than under dling capacity. margins than in the pa.st. Thus, an ineffective the present system. Importance of the threat of deltvery to a hedging market means that either the farmer III. SUGGESTED QUALIFYING CRITERIA FOR viable hedging market receives lower grain prices or grain users DELIVERY POINTS pay higher prices than would otherwise be To insure that grain is delivered into ele To be useful for hedging, a futures mar the case. ket must have a stable and relatively pre vators having the fa.cllities to adequately dictable basis (spread between cash and fu Multiple delivery points not new handle it, a carefully selected list of require tures prices) as contract maturity ap Multiple delivery points have been used ments for delivery points would need to be proaches. If the basis at the time of ma successfully for a number of years in Chicago developed. The following items might be in turity ts not predictable, a hedger has no Boa.rd of Trade soybean meal and soybean cluded in such a list: way of knowing if a given hedge 1s Likely to oil contracts, as well as in live cattle and live 1. Ofllcial in and out-bound weights and be profitable. Since the primary purpose of hog futures contracts and various other com grades. a futures market is to provide price protec modities. Thus, it is evident that futures 2. Minimum out-bound transportation tion for business operations and to reduce contracts do not have to be llnlited 'to one de capabilities, such as either a heavy rail line risks, a market without a predictable basis livery point, and that the multiple delivery and capabllity of handling single-car cov loses its usefulness for hedgers. point concept ls workable. ered hopper shipments, or barge shipment Delivery, or more importantly the threat II. THE PROPOSED CHANGE capability. 3. Minim.um bushels of upright storage of delivery, is the key element making the The change proposed here is to permit de basis stable and predictable as contra.ct ma capacity. livery of corn and soybeans at approved ware 4. Minimum receiving capacity in bushels turity approaches. If unhindered delivery 1s houses in major midwest producing states as . possible, futures prices well above cash prices per hour. well as in Chicago. Approved warehouses out 5. Minimum load-out ca.pa.city in bushels would cause the grain trade to sell futures side Chicago would include country and ter contracts, buy cash grain and deliver on per hour. minal elevators that meet specified mini 6. Minimum annual volume in bushels the contract. This process would continue mum requirements of a delivery point in a until futures prices were forced down and handled per year. designated midwest geographical area. 7. Federal warehouse license. cash prices were bid up so that the two were The seller of a future oontr.aict would de approximately equal. In the same way, fu 8. Minimum bonding requirements. termine his planned delivery point, and 9. Mlnlmum insurance requirements. tures prices substantially below cash prices would be required to designate this in his no would encourage long hedgers to buy futures This list is not intended to be all inclusive tice of intent to deliver. He would be re or detailed. The specific requirements for contracts and hold them for· delivery until quired to pay all costs of delivery including cash and futures prices at the delivery points each factor would need to be worked out by grading costs, elevation charges, freight costs the Boa.rd of Trade and the grain industry. were approximately equal. to the delivery point and related expenses. If there a.re no hinderances to delivery, The genera.I concept behind selection of deliv For delivery at locations outside Chicago, ei:y point standards would be to insure that cash and futures prices at the delivery point futures prices would be aiscounted by the at contra.ct maturity would be approximately quality of grain could be maintained 1f it rail freight cost from the delivery point to were stored, to insure that it was financially equal, except for small differences reflecting Chica.go. quality variations and handling costs to load secure, and to insure that under normal cir out the delivered grain. However, if serious Effects on long and short hedgers cumstances there would be no unreasonable impediments to delivery exist, wide and un The introduction of multiple delivery delay in shipping grain from the fac111ty. predictable differences between cash and points for corn and soybeans would extend IV. IMPLEMENTATION futures prices can exist at contract maturity. delivery possibillties to a wider range of short To permit an orderly transition from con Recent examples of inability to deliver on hedgers. The change would enable all sizes tracts with one dellvery point to those with grain futures contracts of hedgers from a broad geographic area to multiple delivery points, adequate prior noti make delivery if market conditions warrant. July 20, 1973 1s an excellent example of fication ought to be given all traders. We feel By ma.king it possible for a large number of notification of the change should be given at the effect delivery impediments can have hedgers to make delivery, the burden of re on cash-futures price relationships. The lea.st one month before implementation. sponsib11ity of forcing the ca.sh and futures Also, the change should not apply to con expiring July corn futures price at the Chi prices into a reasonable relationship at con cago Board of Trade on that day closed at tracts that are only two or three months from tra.ct maturity would be shifted to a larger maturity at the time the notification 1s ma.de. $3.80 per bushel, with an earlier high of segment of the grain industry. $3.90. The closing price was an increase of The expansion of delivery points increases $1.20 ¥2 from the previous day and was the feas1b1Uty of delivery but should also $1.13 ~ per bushel above the closing Chicago reduce the probabiUty of delivery. Extensive cash price for No. 2 yellow corn on that deliveries on contracts are ma.de only when SYMPOSIUM ON THE WORLD FOOD day. If delivery had been possible, it 1.$ the market ls not opera.ting properly. Exten CRISIS-II: GRAIN RESERVE clear that a strong incentive would have sion of the market to a wider geographic existed to buy ca.sh corn, sell futures con area should reduce the possibility of a mal tracts and deliver on the futures contracts. functioning cash-futures market. HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE Other less dramatic examples of delivery It appears that short hedgers operating in OF KENTUCKY problems. have occurred in the past. a market with multiple delivery points would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES several Iowa grain elevators verify that be better off than in a fUtures market limited it has been difficult if not impossible to de to one delivery point. This modification Thursday. September 4. 1975 liver corn and soybean futures contracts in would permit delivery on a fUture contract recent months. They cite full warehouses Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker. either at grain origlna.ting points, or at Chi quirks in weather and international po in Chicago, need for additional working cago or other mldwest destination points, space to handle heavy Chlcago export move r.ather than solely at Chica.go as now pro litical-economic considerations can ment, congestion in the Chicago rail switch vided. Thus, they would be free to search out cause sharp supply and price fluctua ing district and related factors as making uncongested delivery locaitions and those tions in food. A part of the debate on it extremely difficult to deliver grain on with unused storage space. this question focuses on grain reserves. futures contracts as presently specified in While short hedgers would appear to be Those favoring reserves argue they Board of Trade regulations. better off under multiple delivery, longs or would stabilize supply and price, bene Importance to the industry long hedgers would not appear to be at any fiting producers and consumers; those The future of the Chicago Board of Trade particular disadvantage under this system. opposed argue that Government would depends heavily on its abllity to be of serv It is true that a long could receive delivery use the reserve as a price regulator det ice to the entire grain industry and to per at any of various points, depending on the form a useful business function, namely risk seller's choice, and would face some addition rimental to producers. reduction. Thus, ease of delivery is vitally al uncertainty as a result. However, if deliv These issues were illuminated at the important to the future growth and role of ery were ma.de outside Chica.go, the receiver April 1 and 2 World Food Crisis Con- September 4, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 27681 ference at the University of Kentucky even out supplies over time-to avoid feast with a battery of import controls, export con moderated by Dr. Robert W. Rudd, or famine. trols and production controls, as it did be Economists generally feel, and I certainly tween 1950 and 1972 to protect and enhance chairman of the university's department do, that this purpose can best be achieved producer incomes. of agricultural economics: by: (1) Establishing fixed rules to govern If the people of the U.S. value internal Dr. RUDD. The focal point is the question the acquisition and disposition of stocks farm and food price stab111ty sufficiently of grain reserves, and our first speaker is which all concerned persons know and un highly it can take some combination of the Dr. Willard Cochrane, a past president and derstand and to which each person can above actions and stabilize its internal farm Fellow of the American Agricultural Eco respond in a rational consistent manner; and food price level. We know how to do it. nomics. He was an agricultural advisor to (2) the price system provides a convenient And it should be no more, possibly less, ex President Kennedy. He is currently Professor means for developing such a set of rules. pensive, in real terms, to do so than to en of Applied Economics at the University of Let me illustrate one possible set of rules: gage in the kinds o! storage programs that Minnesota; he is going to discuss the case Prices of grains would be stabilized within we had in the 1950's and 1960's. for the government-operated reserve stocks a range of plus or minus 20 percent of the Why do I say possibly less? I say this be programs for grains. average price of grains for the past two years. cause what we have been talking about has Dr. COCHRANE. The world production of Grain would be acquired under this program no subsidy in it for either producers or con grains varies unpredictably through time. whenever prices dropped to the lower price sumers. \Vhy not depend on the private trade Over 1950-73, annual total world grain pro boundary. Grain would be released into the to carry the necessary grain reserves? duction varied from trend on the average market whenever prices reached the upper There are several related answers to the by 3 percent, with the maximum deviation price boundary. above question and they all point in the same above trend reaching 7 percent in 1958 and In this way supplies would be evened out direction-the private trade cannot even out the maximum deviation below trend reach over time to users of grain and as a result supplies between crop years and thus stabi ing nearly 5 percent in 1965. There is a prtces would be stabilized. lize the level of grain prices over time. Pri world market for grains of which the U.S. 18 Ideally we should like such a program to vate trading firms are in business to make a a part. In fact, the U.S. is the largest sup be operated by an international agency in profit. They have not in the past carried the plier of grains to this market. a world without trade barriers. We have done large stocks required to even out supplies The world demand for grains is exceed some work at the University of Minnesota between crop seasons and thus stabilize prices ingly inelastic-meaning that a small annual on the size of stock required to achieve grain over time because they were unable to see change in world production (of the magni price level stability under such a one-world that operation as profitable. tudes which occurred from 1950 to 1973) assumption. We come up with some of the The risks were and are too great. The busi can give rise to a very large price change in following preliminary results: The world ness firm cannot know whether the crop to the opposite direction, if there ls not a re grain price level could be stabi11zed in a range be planted two years hence will be a good serve stock system in operation to even out of plus or minus 10 percent with a proba crop or a poor one. With present knowledge supplies over time. Further, the argument b111ty approaching 80 percent, with a grain of future crop conditions the firm could is gaining currency that world demand for reserve increasing from zero in 1975 to ap easily go broke carrying a large reserve stock grain becomes increasingly inelastic in pe proximately 50 million tons in 1981, or at waiting for the bad crop year. riods of shortage, resulting in a wild scram The kind of reserve stock program for the approximately 3 percent of world production grains under consideration here can be help ble for scarce stocks and skyrocketing prices by 1981. such as we experienced in 1973. Thus we In a perfect world, such a program would ful to producers and consumers to even out must expect world grain prices, and those appear feasible. But we don't have one world; supplles and stabilize prices to them where in the U.S., to :fluctuate widely and un they have the capacity to enter into the thus I would suggest that the U.S. provide the market to buy and sell grain supplies. But predictably in the future. In nontechnical leadership in calling together the leading for those llving in poverty with nothing to terms this is the situation confronting pro importing and exporting nations to work sell and no funds with which to buy, it has ducers and consumers of grains, grain prod out an international program to even out little or no meaning. ucts and, after the requisite lag, livestock world supplies over time and stabilize world Thus, in addition to the reserve stock pro products too. grain prices in which reserves would be held gram under consideration here, we need a Are wide and unpredictable price :fluctua by the individual participating countries. permanent and continuous World Food Aid tions in the grains, hence food products gen The mechanics of acquisition and disposition Program to help victims of war, victims of erally, in some sense bad? could take the same form as that suggested natural catastrophes, children, pregnant and Economists have burned up a lot of time above. Individual countries would have to nursing mothers and the very old llving in and energy trying to prove that the answer agree to one set of rules, and then faithfully poverty, and displaced people living in chron is yes, or it is no. People, because of their manage their Individual country stocks by ic poverty. value systems and economic positions, either the agreed upon set of stock management Here we are talking about an interna like price stablllty and dislike price in rules. The total size of the reserve stock tional welfare program to aid those living stability, or the other way around. If they would have to be greater to achieve the same in extreme poverty. And since so many mil like price instabllity, they won't like these degree of price stabilizat!on under this ar lions are living in extreme poverty around comments and they should work to defeat a rangement than undei.· the one-world as the world, we must expect such programs to grain reserve stock program. If they like sumption, because of trade barriers and other be large in size for a long time to come price stability, they should listen carefully frictions. approachlng, say, 5 to 10 milllon tons of because a reserve stock program for the Such an international reserve program for grain per year. This is in addition to an In grains ls technically feasible, but far from the grains will not easily be achieved. There ternational Reserve Stock Program for a political and organizational reality. is currently much talk about such a program Grains; in my judgment such a program In my judgment, more people In the U.S. in international circles, but no concrete steps should be operated by a U.N. agency to take dislike price instab111ty than like it, but the are being taken. And nothing much Will be food relief out of the international power majority is not well organized. Consumers in done, until one of the big fish-the U.S., or politics arena. most instances want to stabilize farm and the USSR--takes the leadership to bring In summary, I cannot say to you that an such an International program into being. International Reserve Stock Program for the food prices. Marketing firms are coming to One final point: I would guess that the favor increased price stability. But farmers Grains would be good for each and every USSR is not llkely to take the leadership in one of you. It might, for example, cause the are scattered all over the lot on the issue. developing an international reserve stock Foreign nations are taking action where program for the grains, since it has been so returns to wheat growers in the U.S. to be they can, on an individual basis, to Increase successful In the past in buying grain at a lower over the next 10 years. But the opera their food security, and are waiting to see bargain from the surplus producing capital tion of such a program is technically feasi what the big fish, the U.S., is going to do istic nations. Thus, the leadership ball is ble and not exorbitantly costly. about a reserve stock program. clearly in the hands of the U.S. It is unthinkable for a great world power What do we mean by a reserve stock pro If the U.S. should take the leadership, but such as the U.S. to subject itself to the eco gram for the grains? We are talking about a find that the other important importing and nomic vicissitudes of a free-market, bare stock of grain, owned and managed by gov exporting nations are not interested or are shelf policy in the basic foodstuff, grains, ernment (a national government or an inter unable to agree on an international reserves such as It has done in the past four years. national body) over and above the stocks stock program for the grains, what then are The grains are vital to the existence of held by farmers, middlemen and consumers the impllcations for the U.S.? every country; they are economic power; they in their normal and regular intra-year op First the U.S. must decide whether it wants are not gumdrops; but policywise we are erations. The purpose of this reserve stock to seek to stabllize grain and food prices to treating them like gumdops. It is time for us ls to even out supplies available to users Itself (since it is the largest grain exporter, to start treating the grains like the great of grains over time where production :fluctu it need not worry about adequate supplies). and vital national resource which they are. ates from year to year in an unpredictable If it attempts to go it alone with regard to Dr. RUDD. Our next commentator is a na fashion. The program should not be viewed price stability for itself in the grains, the tive Kentuckian, a Simpson County farmer. as a device to increase producer income, or U.S. must either carry a reserve grain stock He operates some 1500 acres of land and pro to subsidize consumers. Such objectives call of sufficient size to stabilize world grain duces feed grains, tobacco and livestock. He for other kinds of programs. To repeat, the prices, as it in effect did between 1950 and ls President of the Kentucky Farm Bureau purpose o! a reserve stock program is to 1972, or it must insulate itself from the world Federation, the state's largest !arm organlza- 27682 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE September 5, 1975 tion and he served prior to that as first Vice What has caused the big price fluctuation? have not farmed. And I believe that the President of that organization. He is also a We can give you our cattle and your meat elevator people know more about how to businessman. He is Vice President of the is going to cost you 52 cents a pound. That's handle and keep their grain in condition, Kentucky-Tennessee Grain Company and if we give it to you. Do we cause that 52 cents and how to sell it and how to ship it than serves on the Board of Directors of a local fluctuation? No, the thing that caused the the people in Washington and various places 'bank. Mr. Bob Wade. :fluctuation was wage and price controls, that are working for Commodity Credit. Mr. WADE. Thank you. I will try to disagree With more bureaucratic management spe A year ago people were saying wheat was without being disagreeable but certainly cialists and their errors. so high and so scarce, bread was going to be there is quite a bit of confusion over who is We need a strategic reserve for the grain $1 a loaf. That was a total lie and the people !in what position. Even though I spend a supplies in this country like we need another who told it knew it was a lie, but the public good part of every day tending to my job as hole in our head. Sooner or later With this bought it. Everybody got nervous about a president of the KFB-with a meeting almost type program you are going to break all the loaf of bread, when the truth was that we every day and sometimes 7 or 8 a day-I do farmers in this country and then you are had more than enough surplus wheat and work on the farm. We have a small family going to have to try it like Russia is running we have enough surplus now. farm corporation and my sons work with me. theirs. And I have a feeling then we won't There is more grain on the farms in this My first rebutta·l is that from 1950 until have a reserve, we won't have a supply, and country than has been there at any one time 1972 many farmers were forced off the farm, we will have hunger here in the U.S.A., in the history of the country. And the farm had to sell family farms and were put out of where some think it can't happen. But it Will ers are storing it. The farmers want to store business by controlled reserves. Farmers were happen if we sit around on our duffs and this grain and they want a reasonable profit. under the control of the bureaucratic man we are lulled to sleep by the fact that we But how are we ever to get a reasonable agement specialists, who even today want to want cheap food. profit and stay in the farming business, and manage everything from the air we breathe It hasn't been too many years ago in this provide you with quality food that hasn't to the water we drink. country since the pioneers came through; the been shipped all over hell and back, when we There is a point where we must remem main thing they were looking for besides have management specialists who want to ber that this great U.S. was put together their health and their hides was food. Look take it over and use it as a price regulator under the free enterprise system. how much it has changed. We are having a for the world market in grain? We have vast reserves. We have a store hullabaloo over the fact that we are now Let's be sensible. Let's pool the money. house full of knowledge that can be used paying 17% of our incomes to feed ourselves. Let's establish an international monetary by the people in agriculture and will be used There are lots of countries in the world that fund and as countries are able let them to provide the food that the world wants. would be happy if they were paying 50 % pay into the fund and as countries need We have a storehouse here that can be if they had the opportunity to pay 50 %. help, let them withdraw from the fund. You Back up and spend a little time and read have heard Dr. Cochrane say that the yield shared with other countries to help them the history of the Commodity Credit Cor raise their own food, to help them feel that poration. There were more management worldwide has very little variance. Even with they have a respective place in society. errors in that system than any system that a bad crop here and a bad crop there, there Too long have farmers been subject to has been devised by the government in quite are always places that have good crops. The these government management specialists some time. For instance, everyone remem overall variation is very narrow. who have managed such things as our wel bers Billie Sol Estes down in Texas. He man We in America could knock off 10% of fare program. aged to take a little gravy out of the system. what we eat and probably be healthier. Too We look at history and we can see that There were times when the grain in Kansas many of us are carrying too much lard. 95 % of the people in this great U.S. would City was shipped by Commodity Credit to The problem is that we are trying to create like to have a big food reserve-at someone some more jobs for some management spe else's expense. What is the need for the Baltimore supposedly for export. Two years later, this same grain was shipped back ~o cialists who got displaced when the surplus food reserve? It is to control farm prices. blew out and we are not using our heads to Dr. Cochrane has just outlined how they Kansas to the millers to mill it for con sumption here in the U.S. think. The farmer can store it cheaper, ship would be controlled. Let's take his 20 % under it on time and in the end you Will find and over variance. What happened to the Why not leave the reserves on the farms where they are raised and with country ele that the consumer will have much better farmer last year when the price of fertilizer quality and much cheaper food. went up from three to five times? Is that vators and the terminals that are in the 20% going to allow him any profit? No, it is business. I feel that I know a little more The fatal step for American agriculture is to go the strategic reserve route. not. about farming than some of the people that
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Friday, September 5, 1975 prehensive river basin plans previously ap The House met at 10 o'clock a.m. ceedings ::tnd announces t3 the House proved by the Congress, and for other pur The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, his approval thereof. poses. D.D., offered the following prayer: Without objection, the Journal stands approved. Thou shalt remember all the way There was no objection. which the Lord thy God 1iath. led thee. PROVIDING FOR CONSIDERATION Deuteronomy 8: 2. OF H.R. 8800, ELECTRIC VEHICLE Almighty and Eternal God we come MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND before Thee on the eve of Rosh Hashanah DEMONSTRATION ACT OF 1975 A message from the Senate by Mr. to join with our Hebrew friends in en Mr. YOUNG of Texas. Mr. Speaker, by tering their new year. Grant that we Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced that the Senate had passed bills of the direction of the Committee on Rules, I may enter together and live through the call up House Resolution 694 and ask for coming days with humble and grateful following titles, in which the concur rence of the House is requested: its immediate consideration. hearts. Help us to work more closely with The Clerk read the resolution, as Thee and to labor more faithfully for S. 1245. An act to amend section 218 of title 23, United States Code; follows: the good of our people obeying Thy Com H. RES. 694 mandments, living by Thy laws, and fol S. 1281. An act to improve public under standing of the role of depository institu Resolved, That upon the adoption of this lowing the example of the best of men. tions in home financing; resolution it shall be in order to move that Enlighten with Thy wisdom and sus S. 2195. An act to establish a National the House resolve itself into the Committee tain with Thy power those whom the peo Center for Prod.uctivity and Quality of Work of the Whole House on the State of the ple have set in authority, our President, ing Life; to provide for a review of the ac Union for the consider,ation of the bill (H.R. our Speaker, Members of Congress, and tivities of all Federa1 agencies including im 8800) to authorize in the Energy Research all who are entrusted with our safety and plementation of all Federal laws, regulations, and Development Administration a Federal our security. May peace and good will live and policies which impede the productive program of research, development, and dem performance and efficiency of the American onstration designed to promote electric ve in the hearts of our citizens and may economy; to encourage joint labor, industry, hicle technologies and to demonstrate the our faith be strong enough to exalt our and Government efforts to improve national comm.ercial feasibility of electric vehicles, Nation in righteousness. productivity and the character of working and all points of order against section 13(b) In Thy holy name we pray. Amen. conditions; to establish a Federal policy with of sa..id bill for failure to comply With the respect to continued productivity growth provisions of clause 5, rule XXI, are hereby and improved utilization of human resources waived. After general debate, which shall be THE JOURNAL in the United States; and for other purposes; confined to the bill and shall continue not and to exceed one hour, to be equally divided and The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex S. 2270. An act to authorize an increase in controlled by the chairman and ranking mi amined the Journal of the last day's pro- the monetary authorization for certain com- nority member of the Committee on Science
