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Overview and Situation of Vegetable Production in Vietnam - Case Study of Sweet Potato & Purple Onion

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Overview and Situation of Vegetable Production in Vietnam - Case Study of Sweet Potato & Purple Onion Market Access through Competency Based Education and Training in Horticulture (MACBETH) ANNEX 2 OVERVIEW AND SITUATION OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN VIETNAM - CASE STUDY OF SWEET POTATO & PURPLE ONION MADE BY MACBETH TEAM AT CTU 1. Ass.Prof Dr. Ly Nguyen Binh 2. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Duy 3. Dr. Ngo Thi Phuong Dung 4. Ms. Duong Thi Phuong Lien 5. Ms. Nguyen Nhat Minh 6. Ms. Doan Diem Chi Phuong Cantho, i TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................................................. i LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................. iv I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 5 II. THE SITUATION OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN VIETNAM ................................... 5 2.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Vegetable production in Mekong Delta ....................................................................... 2 III. MARKETING ................................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Domestic marketing situation ...................................................................................... 4 3.2 Situation of vegetable consumption ............................................................................ 5 3.3 Structure of fresh vegetable marketing system ........................................................... 5 3.4 Challenges and constraints for production and marketing on vegetables ................... 6 3.4.1 Production aspect: ............................................................................................... 6 3.4.2 Marketing aspect: ................................................................................................. 7 3.5 Fresh vegetable marketing in Ho Chi Minh city........................................................... 7 IV. EXPORTING ................................................................................................................... 7 4.1 Vegetable exporting value .......................................................................................... 7 4.2 Main export markets ................................................................................................... 8 4.3 Vertical linkages in production and distribution of exported vegetables ...................... 9 4.3.1 Linkages in provision of exported vegetable varieties ........................................ 10 4.3.2 Linkages in distribution of exported vegetables .................................................. 10 V. THE VEGETABLE SUPPLY CHAIN IN MEKONG DELTA ............................................ 11 5.1 The vegetable supply chain in Mekong Delta ........................................................... 11 5.1.2 Planting Procedure ............................................................................................. 12 5.1.3 Harvesting procedure ......................................................................................... 13 5.1.4 Consumption ...................................................................................................... 13 5.1.5 Customers and transaction ................................................................................ 13 5.1.6 Brand name, trademark ..................................................................................... 14 5.1.7 Contract and payment ........................................................................................ 14 5.1.8 Cost and profits .................................................................................................. 14 5.2 Factors affecting the coordination in production, processing and distribution of vegetables ...................................................................................................................... 14 5.2.1 Internal factors ................................................................................................... 14 5.2.2 External factors .................................................................................................. 15 B. SWEET POTATO PRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 16 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 16 II. PRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Production ................................................................................................................ 17 i 2.2 The Market System ................................................................................................... 19 2.3 Marketing in Thu Duc ................................................................................................ 20 III. PRODUCTIVITY ............................................................................................................ 20 IV. PROBLEM .................................................................................................................... 22 C. ONION PRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 22 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 22 II. PRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 22 III. PRODUCTIVITY ........................................................................................................ 23 IV. PROBLEM .................................................................................................................... 24 D. REFERENCE .................................................................................................................... 24 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Area, yield, production of all kinds of vegetable in Vietnam ....................................... 2 Table 2. Area, Yield and Production of Vegetables per regions in 2005 .................................. 2 Table 3. Area, Yield and Production of Vegetables per regions in 2007, 2008 and 2009 ....... 2 Table 4. Regional preference to major vegetable species ....................................................... 4 Table 5. Vegetable export turnover in Vietnam in 2005 - 2012 ................................................ 8 Table 6. Vegetable export markets in the first seven-months in 2012 ..................................... 9 Table 7. Variation among districts of sweet potato and rice production ................................. 17 Table 8. Varieties by district ................................................................................................... 17 Table 9. Fertilizer per ha (in Kg) ............................................................................................ 18 Table 10. Average yield by district ......................................................................................... 18 Table 11. Grades and prices of sweet potato ........................................................................ 20 Table 12. Area, production and yield of sweet potato in Vietnam in 2007 - 2011 .................. 21 Table 13. Area of sweet potato divided in region and year .................................................... 21 Table 14. Area, production and yield of onion in Vietnam in 2007 - 2011 .............................. 23 Table 15. Export value of onion in Vietnam in 2007 - 2010.................................................... 23 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of Mekong Delta in Vietnam .............................................................................. 3 Figure 2. Production and Consumption.................................................................................... 4 Figure 3. Marketing Channels of Fresh Vegetables ................................................................. 6 Figure 4. Growth of Vietnam vegetable export in 2005 - 2012 ................................................. 8 Figure 5. Vegetable export from Vietnam to other countries in 2011 ....................................... 9 Figure 6. Contracts signed between companies and farmers ................................................ 10 Figure 7. Vegetable supply chain in Mekong Delta ................................................................ 12 Figure 8. Vegetable planting procedure in Mekong Delta ...................................................... 13 Figure 9. Vegetable harvesting procedure in Mekong Delta .................................................. 13 Figure 10. Market channels of sweet potato .......................................................................... 19 iv A. GENERAL VEGETABLE PRODUCTION I. INTRODUCTION Vegetable and fruit production plays an important role on the agriculture of many countries in the world. Vegetable and fruit sector is also an important production sector of Vietnamese agriculture. Vietnam enjoys numerous favorable conditions for vegetable and fruit production in which climate and ground are suitable with tropic, subtropical vegetables and fruits and some temperate vegetables and fruits. Vietnamese vegetable
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