Assessment of Waterfowl Abundance and Wetland Condition in South-Eastern South Australia December 2018
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Assessment of Waterfowl Abundance and Wetland Condition in south-eastern South Australia December 2018 1 Published by the Department for Environment and Water Government of South Australia December 2018 Head Office 81-95 Waymouth Street ADELAIDE SA 5000 Telephone +61 (8) 8204 9000 Facsimile +61 (8) 8204 9334 Internet: www.environment.sa.gov.au Report prepared by: Conservation, Natural Resource Management & Protected Area Policy Branch Parks and Regions Department for Environment and Water Copies of the report can be obtained from: T: +61 (8) 8207 7736 E: [email protected] www.environment.sa.gov.au 2 Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 2 INTRODUCTION 7 2.1 Study Brief 7 2.2 Climatic Conditions 7 2.3 2018 Eastern Australian Aerial Waterbird Survey (EAAWS) 8 3 METHODS 10 3.1 Site Selection 10 3.2 Observers 11 3.3 Survey Methods 11 4 RESULTS 12 4.1 Wetlands Surveyed and Water Coverage 12 4.2 Wetland Status 15 4.3 Overall Waterfowl Abundance 16 4.4 Analysis of distribution and abundance for game species from ground survey data 24 4.5 Duck species composition within each district 26 4.6 Waterfowl Density 36 5 CONCLUSIONS 37 6 REFERENCES 38 7 APPENDICES 39 7.1 Appendix 1: Example Waterfowl Survey Data Sheet 2018 39 7.2 Appendix 2: Historical waterfowl abundance data by SA region (2003-2018) 42 7.3 Appendix 3: South East Aerial Survey Data (2018) 43 3 Figures Figure 1 Ten (10) aerial survey bands (each 30 km in width), every two degrees of latitude, crossing eastern Australia to monitor up to 2000 wetlands ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9 Figure 2 Average water coverage at survey sites by region (2003–2018) ................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 3 Number of dry survey sites by region (2003–2018) ......................................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 4 Trends in the annual abundance in duck game species, South Australian Surveys (2008–2018) ................................................. 16 Figure 5 Proportion of total abundance in games species from South Australian Surveys (2008-2018) .................................................... 17 Figure 6 Total duck count by SA survey region (2008-2018) ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 7 Waterbird abundance (including ducks) across eastern Australia (1983-2018) (Porter et al., 2018) ........................................... 20 Figure 8 Comparison in total species counts of ducks from Eastern Australian Aerial Waterbird survey (2008-2018)......................... 20 Figure 9 Wetland area index across eastern Australia (1983-2018) (Porter et al., 2018) .................................................................................... 21 Figure 10 Number of waterbird species breeding across eastern Australia (1983-2018) (Porter et al., 2018) .......................................... 21 Figure 11 Breeding index across eastern Australia (1983-2018) (Porter et al., 2018)........................................................................................... 22 Figure 12 Number of waterbirds across eastern Australia in 2018 by survey transects (bands) (Porter et al., 2018) ........................... 22 Figure 13 The breeding index of waterbirds across eastern Australia in 2018 by survey transects (bands) (Porter et al., 2018) ...... 23 Figure 14 Wetlands area index across eastern Australia in 2018 by survey transects (bands) (Porter et al., 2018) ................................ 23 Figure 15 Trends in the nomadic species of duck (2004-2018)..................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 16 Trends in the residential species of duck (2004-2018) ................................................................................................................................. 25 Figure 17 Duck survey results, distribution by region 2018 ............................................................................................................................................ 26 Figure 18 Proportion of total game duck species observed by region for 2018 ................................................................................................... 27 Figure 19 Murraylands survey count by duck species (2009–2018) ............................................................................................................................ 29 Figure 20 Murraylands duck species composition (2009–2018) ................................................................................................................................... 29 Figure 21 Fleurieu survey count by duck species (2009–2018) ..................................................................................................................................... 31 Figure 22 Fleurieu duck species composition (2009–2018) ............................................................................................................................................ 31 4 Figure 23 Coorong survey count by duck species (2009–2018) .................................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 24 Coorong duck species composition (2009–2018) ........................................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 25 South East survey count by duck species (2009–2018) ................................................................................................................................ 35 Figure 26 South East duck species composition (2009–2018) ....................................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 27 Density of total ducks (all species) in each survey district (2003–2018) ................................................................................................ 36 Tables Table 1 South Australia Surveyed Wetland Summary (2003-2018) ............................................................................................................................. 13 Table 2 South Australian Surveyed Wetland Summary by Region (2008-2018) .................................................................................................... 14 Table 3 South Australian surveys: game duck abundance totals (2003–2018) ....................................................................................................... 18 Table 4 South Australian surveys; Proportion (percentage) of all duck counted by species (2003–2018).................................................. 18 Table 5 Duck counts by species: Murraylands District (2003–2018) ............................................................................................................................ 28 Table 6 Duck counts, by species: Fleurieu District (2003–2018) .................................................................................................................................... 30 Table 7 Duck counts, by species: Coorong District (2003–2018) .................................................................................................................................. 32 Table 8 Duck counts, by species: South East District (2003–2018)............................................................................................................................... 34 5 1 Executive Summary To provide a coordinated and consistent regional approach to waterfowl data collection and analysis, spring waterfowl (duck) and wetland surveys have been conducted annually in South Australia since 2003. The ground-based surveys sample a range of wetland habitats across south-eastern SA, providing an understanding of annual trends in wetland condition and waterfowl populations This report presents the results of the 2018 waterfowl and wetland surveys in SA. A total of 81 wetland sites were surveyed at the end of October and early November 2018, across four districts of south-eastern SA: Murraylands, the Fleurieu Peninsula and greater metropolitan Adelaide, Coorong, and the South East. Sites were divided between those that are frequently hunted and those set aside purely for conservation. The surveys were coordinated by the Department for Environment and Water (DEW) (Conservation, Sustainability & Wildlife Management Unit), with the assistance of volunteers from a variety of stakeholder groups and individuals. The 2018 waterfowl and wetland survey indicated the majority of the 81 sites surveyed (74%) were containing moderate to high water levels, 17% of wetlands had below moderate water levels, while the remaining 6% of wetlands were completely dry. The waterfowl abundance in South Australia increased in 2018 in the surveyed districts in comparison to the 2017 survey. The total number of ducks counted in the 2018 ground survey was 83,109 ducks as compared to 50,659 ducks in 2017. The total number of ducks counted was below the long-term average of 91,838 ducks considering the increased number of wetlands monitored this year. Signs of breeding were observed to be