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Cover Depan Vol 6 Issue 2.Cdr online http://jtbb.or.id p-ISSN 2540-9573 e-ISSN 2540-9581 Volume 6, Issue 2, August 2021 Published by: Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada In collaboration with: J.Trop. Yogyakarta Volume 6 Issue 2 ISSN Biodiv.Biotech. August 2021 2540-9581 Table of Contents Short Communications Molecular Bird Sexing of Tanimbar Cockatoos (Cacatua offiniana) by Using Polymerase Chain jtbb59997 Reaction Method Ratu Fresa Khoirotunnisa Hidayat, Diana Savitri, Irhamna Putri, Warih Pulung Nugrahani, Aris Haryanto Body Weight Gain and Carcass Quality of the Hybrid Chicken Derived from the Crossing between jtbb60934 Female F1 Kampung Super and Male F1 Kampung-Broiler Utin Elsya Puspita, Hendry T. S. S. G. Saragih, Tety Hartatik, Budi Setiadi Daryono Sibling Indices as Comparisons in Personal Identification Process through Short Tandem Repeats jtbb60318 [STR] Loci CSF1PO, THOI, TPOX, vWA of Maduranese Ethnic in Surabaya Ahmad Yudianto, Fery Setiawan, Simon Martin Manyanza Nzilibili Research Articles DNA Barcode of Barred Mudskipper (Periophthalmus argentilineatus Valenciennes, 1837) from jtbb59702 Tekolok Estuary (West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia) and Their Phylogenetic Relationship with Other Indonesian Barred Mudskippers Febrina Amaliya Rha’ifa, Deiandra Jasmine Audrea, Lukman Hakim, Tuty Arisuryanti Macroinvertebrates Reveal Water Quality Differences in Various Agricultural Management jtbb61507 Agung Sih Kurnianto, Rufaidah Nur Baiti, and Hari Purnomo Stable Transformant of Phalaenopsis amabilis Somatic Embryo Carrying 35S::AtRKD4 Develops jtbb59210 Into Normal Phenotype of Transgenic Plant Naufal Ghozi Aditya Perdana, Windi Mose, Muhammad Dylan Lawrie, Jose Gutierrez-Marcos, Endang Semiarti Detection of AtRKD4 Protein During Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis in Dendrobium lineale jtbb61783 Rolfe Transgenic Orchids Carrying 35S::GR::AtRKD4 Gde Cahyadi Wirajagat, Ni Luh Putu Kayika Febryanti, Fitriana Puspitasari, Dika Sundari, Jose Gutierrez-Marcos, Endang Semiarti The Increase of Sumatran Tiger’s Prey Following Eradication of Melastoma malabatrichum in jtbb63972 Way Kambas National Park, Indonesia Jani Master, Ibnul Qayim, Dede Setiadi, Nyoto Santoso Endophytes and Rhizosphere Fungi from Galam (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell.) which has the jtbb61594 Potential to Produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) Witiyasti Imaningsih, Nadiya Dwi Rahayu, Safinah Surya Hakim Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.: Fabaceae) and Its Morphological Variations in Bali jtbb63013 I Wayan Suarna, I Made Saka Wijaya The Oriental Tiny Frog of the Genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1839 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) jtbb64342 Revealed across Geographical Barriers of the Wallace Line Rury Eprilurahman, Vestidhia Y. Atmaja, Misbahul Munir, Amir Hamidy, Tuty Arisuryanti, Rosichon Ubaidillah Newly Recorded Alien Species of Ficus L. (Moraceae) in Java, Indonesia jtbb65313 Peniwidiyanti, Arifin Surya Dwipa Irsyam, Asih Perwita Dewi, Muhammad Rifqi Hariri, Zakaria Al Anshori, Rina Ratnasih Irwanto Food Preference, Fecundity, Proximate Analysis on Eggs and Meat of Turbo crassus jtbb61873 (W. Wood 1828) and Turbo setosus (Gmelin 1791) in Sepanjang Beach, Gunungkidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta Rijal Romolo, Izzatul Auliya, Trijoko Neither Coral- nor Symbiont- Genetic Diversity may Explain the Resistance of the Coral jtbb66161 Echinopora lamellosa to Bleaching Imam Bachtiar, Muhammad Irsyad Abiyusfi Ghafari, Ibadur Rahman, Baiq Hilda Astriana Review Article Important Role of Mycorrhiza for Seed Germination and Growth of Dendrobium Orchids jtbb60805 Binti Tsulsiyah, Thoyibatul Farida, Cahya Lembayung Sutra, Endang Semiarti Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Volume 06, Issue 02 (2021): jtbb59997 DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.59997 Short Communication Molecular Bird Sexing of Tanimbar Cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) by Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Method Ratu Fresa Khoirotunnisa Hidayat1, Diana Savitri1, Irhamna Putri2, Warih Pulung Nugrahani2, Aris Haryanto1* 1) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Jl. Fauna 2, Karangmalang, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. 2) Wildlife Rescue Centre (WRC), Jl. Pengasih-Nanggulan, Pengasih, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta 55652, Indonesia. * Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Submitted: 22 September 2020; Accepted: 15 March 2021; Published online: 20 May 2021 ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the sex of Tanimbar Cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana) birds by amplifying Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding-1 (CHD-1) gene on Z and W sex chromosomes as well as to compare the quality of DNA extraction and PCR amplification products from samples derived from peripheral blood and plucked feathers. This work used five C. goffiniana birds which were collected from the Wildlife Rescue Center (WRC) in Pengasih, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. From each C. goffiniana, feather samples were collected by plucking feathers on the ventral wing and peripheral blood samples were taken by cutting their nails and collecting the blood into microhematocrit tubes containing heparin. The next stage was DNA extraction and DNA amplification on the CHD-1 gene using the PCR method by NP, P2, and MP primer pairs. Then, products of DNA extraction and PCR amplification were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gel and visualized under a UV light transilluminator with a wavelength of 260 nm. The visualization showed that samples from peripheral blood generated clearer DNA fragments compared to plucked feathers. Two of the five samples were male C. goffiniana and the other three samples were females. In the male Tanimbar Cockatoo was amplified a single DNA fragment of the Z sex chromosome in size of 300 bp, whereas in the female C. goffiniana was amplified double DNA fragments of Z and W sex chromosomes in size of 300 bp and 400 bp respectively. The DNA quality showed that the DNA quality from peripheral blood samples were better in quality than the DNA collected from plucked feather samples. Keywords: Cacatua goffiniana, CHD-1, molecular bird sexing, PCR, sex chromosome Indonesia is known as a country with abundant biodiversity, both flora and fauna, especially various species of birds. Indonesia is the fourth country after Columbia, Peru and Brazil with the number of bird species. Indonesia has 1.598 species of birds, including 372 (23.28%) endemic bird species, 149 (9.32%) species of migratory birds and 118 (7.38%) species of endangered birds (Kurniawan et al. 2018). These birds need to be protected and preserved in order to avoid extinction. One species of endangered bird is Cacatua goffiniana, which is also called Tanimbar Cockatoo, Kakatua Tanimbar, or Corella Tanimbar because it is an endemic bird from the Copyright: © 2021, J. Tropical Biodiversity Biotechnology (CC BY-SA 4.0) -1- J. Tropical Biodiversity Biotechnology, vol. 06 (2021), jtbb59997 Tanimbar island in Southeast Maluku. Its habitat is in dry tropical forests and humid deciduous forests (Mioduszewska et al. 2018). In 1992, Tanimbar Cockatoo was included in the Appendix 1 category by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) because it was on the verge of extinction, so this bird was banned to be traded in all forms of international trading (Jepson et al. 2001). The declining population has raised the conservation status of Cacatua goffiniana to near threatened (BirdLife 2018). The threat was identified as a result of habitat loss and illegal hunting. They lost their habitat because of forest fires to create more agricultural fields and fewer nesting sites due to logging of Manilkara fasciculate and Canarium indicum trees (Mioduszewska et al. 2018). Tanimbar Cockatoo has distinctive characteristics of white feathers and a white crest with red patches on the feathers around the beak. Its body size is about 320 mm and it weighs 350 grams (Zein et al. 2017). This bird is rather small compared to other cockatoo species. The uniqueness of the Tanimbar Cockatoo is its loud voice and its intelligence in combining image objects (Habl & Auersperg 2017). Its beauty and uniqueness have led to illegal hunting of this bird to be traded so that the population is endangered. Efforts in preserving the population of Tanimbar Cockatoo include improving the ecological environment, biological evolution, breeding, and conservation. Determining the sex of the bird quickly and accurately also supports these efforts. (Ravindran et al. 2019). Tanimbar Cockatoo is a monomorphic bird, in which male and female birds have the same physical characteristics until they are mature so it is difficult to distinguish them morphologically. Determination of sex in monomorphic bird groups can be done using several methods such as laparoscopy, karyotyping and vent sexing. Laparoscopic and karyotyping methods have weaknesses; they are expensive and require a long time, while the weakness of the vent sexing method is that the results are less accurate and can only be done during the breeding season. Other methods that can be used are morphometric analysis and molecular bird sexing. Morphometric analysis has the advantages of being fast and inexpensive as well as applicable outside of the breeding season, but it has a low confidence level if there is no other supporting data. Molecular bird sexing has several advantages, namely it is accurate, applicable for any age of the bird, and relatively safe. This method has been widely applied to groups of parrots (Psittacidae). However, the weakness of this method is that it can only be done in a laboratory and is relatively
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