SFG2118 V2
KUBILAY GEOTHERMAL POWER Public Disclosure Authorized PLANT PROJECT
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized JUNE, 2016 ANKARA Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
KUBILAY GEOTHERMAL POWER PROJECT
ENVIRONMENTAL and SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT
Prepared by Checked by Approved by Date Version Revision
Gönül Ertürer Elçin Kaya Celal Denizli Cansu Perdeli Y. Çelikel Turgay Eser G. Ozenirler Env. Eng. Sociologist Ecologist Env. Eng. Social Expert Env. Eng. Env. Eng, M.S.
2016
1 . C Final June 23
Revision Codes: A: Draft, B: Final Draft, C: Final
Project No: 16/003
June 2016
Client: Consultant:
Öveçler, 1065 Cad. No:41 D:4, Tepe Prime İş ve Yaşam Merkezi Çankaya/Ankara/TÜRKİYE Mustafa Kemal Mahallesi Dumlupınar ( +90 (0256) 577 38 39 Bulvarı No:266 C Blok Kat:5 Daire:73 7: +90 (0256) 577 47 48 Çankaya - ANKARA / TÜRKİYE (: +90 (312) 287-2507 7: +90 (312) 295-6200
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 Objectives ...... 1 1.2 Scope of the Report ...... 1 1.3 Limitations of the Study ...... 2 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 3
2.1 Purpose of the Project ...... 3 2.2 Project Location ...... 3 2.3 Project Components ...... 4 2.3.1 Drilling of Geothermal Wells ...... 4 2.3.2 The Power Plant ...... 4 2.3.3 Transmission Lines ...... 6 2.3.4 Access Roads ...... 6 2.4 Project Proponents ...... 6 2.5 Project Alternatives ...... 6 3. LEGAL FRAME ...... 8
3.1 Turkish Legislation ...... 8 3.1.1 Turkish Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Legislation ...... 8 3.1.2 Turkish Energy Legislation ...... 10 3.1.3 Turkish Legislation on Land Use ...... 11 3.1.4 Turkish Legislation on Conservation of Nature and Wildlife ...... 12 3.2 International Standards ...... 13 3.3 Environmental and Social Risk Categorization ...... 14 4. METHODOLOGY ...... 15
4.1 Methodology for the Baseline Assessment ...... 15 4.2 Methodology for the Impact Assessment ...... 15 5. ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ...... 18
5.1 Geology and Earthquake Risks ...... 19 5.2 Surface Water and Groundwater Quality ...... 20 5.3 Climate ...... 23 5.4 Soil Quality ...... 23 5.5 Air Quality ...... 24 5.6 Environmental Noise ...... 25 5.7 Ecology ...... 26 5.7.1 Flora ...... 26 5.7.2 Fauna ...... 30 6. SOCIAL BASELINE ...... 35
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6.1 Socio-Economic Environment ...... 35 6.2 Methodology ...... 35 6.2.1 Demography and Population ...... 36 6.2.2 Livelihoods and Employment ...... 37 6.2.3 Education ...... 37 6.2.4 Health ...... 38 6.2.5 Infrastructure and Services ...... 38 6.2.6 Vulnerable Groups ...... 38 7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 40
7.1 Construction Stage Impacts ...... 41 7.1.1 Impacts on Ecology ...... 41 7.1.2 Water Supply ...... 42 7.1.3 Wastewater Generation ...... 42 7.1.4 Impacts of Geothermal Fluid from Well Testing on Surface Waters ...... 43 7.1.5 Impacts of Solid Wastes on Soil and Groundwater ...... 44 7.1.6 Impacts on Air Quality ...... 47 7.1.7 Noise ...... 48 7.2 Operation Stage Impacts ...... 49 7.2.1 Impacts on Terrestrial Ecology ...... 49 7.2.2 Impacts of Domestic Wastewater on Surface Waters ...... 49 7.2.3 Impacts of Spent Geothermal Fluid on Surface Waters ...... 49 7.2.4 Impacts of Solid Wastes ...... 51 7.2.5 Impacts of Storage of Chemicals ...... 53 7.2.6 Impacts on Air Quality and Odor Impacts ...... 54 7.2.7 Environmental Noise Impacts ...... 55 7.2.8 Climate Change Impacts ...... 55 8. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 57
8.1 Population Level ...... 59 8.2 Land Acquisition ...... 60 8.3 Local Economy and Employment ...... 62 8.4 Cultural Heritage ...... 63 8.5 Impacts of Transportation ...... 64 8.6 Community Health and Safety ...... 65 8.7 Employment and Labor ...... 66 8.8 Occupational Health and Safety ...... 67 9. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS ...... 69 10. E&S Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ...... 70
10.1 Construction Stage ...... 70 10.2 Operation Stage ...... 71
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LIST OF ANNEXES
ANNEX-1 Photo-Log
ANNEX-2 Test Results ANNEX-3 Social Profile
ANNEX-4 Stakeholder Engagement Plan
LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1. Analysis of Alternatives ...... 7 Table 3-1. Turkish EHS Legislation Related to the Project ...... 9 Table 3-2. Turkish Energy Legislation Related to the Project ...... 10 Table 3-3. Project-related Turkish Legislation on Land-use ...... 11 Table 3-4. Project-related Turkish Legislation on Conservation of Nature and Wildlife ...... 12 Table 3-5. Permits Required for the Project ...... 12 Table 4-1. Impact Types and Definitions ...... 16 Table 4-2. Impact Criteria ...... 16 Table 4-3. Significance Rating ...... 17 Table 4-4. Overall Impact Rating ...... 17 Table 5-1. Scoping of Environmental Issues ...... 18 Table 5-2. Results of Surface Water Quality Analysis ...... 20 Table 5-3. Test Results for Groundwater ...... 22 Table 5-4. Results of Soil Quality Analyses ...... 23
Table 5-5. Results of PM10 Measurements ...... 24
Table 5-6. Results of H2S and NO2 Measurements ...... 25 Table 5-7. Results of Noise Measurement ...... 25 Table 5-8. Flora in the Project Area and its Environs ...... 28 Table 5-9. Species of Reptiles and Amphibians in the Project Region ...... 31 Table 5-10. Bird Species in the Region ...... 32 Table 5-11. Mammals in the Project Region ...... 33 Table 6-1. Population Figures of the Area of Impact ...... 36 Table 6-2. Population Dynamics ...... 37 Table 6-3. Vulnerable Groups ...... 39 Table 7-1: Impacts of Construction Stage on Ecology ...... 42 Table 7-2: Impacts of Drilling Effluents into Surface Waters ...... 43 Table 7-3: Impacts of Waste Storage ...... 46 Table 7-4. Impacts of Construction Activities on Air Quality ...... 47 Table 7-5. Noise Impacts of the Construction Stage ...... 48 Table 7-6. Impacts of Spent Geothermal Fluid ...... 49 Table 7-7. Impacts of Waste Generation and Storage at Operation Stage ...... 52 Table 7-8. Impacts of Chemicals Storage ...... 53 Table 7-9. Odor Impacts During the Operation Stage ...... 54 Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 iv / vii
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Table 7-10. Noise Impact of the Operation Stage ...... 55 Table 8-1. Number of Household Surveys Implemented in the Quarters ...... 58 Table 8-2. Impacts on Population Level ...... 59 Table 8-3. Land Purchased for the Project Acivities ...... 60 Table 8-4. Impacts of Land Acquisition on Local Communities ...... 61 Table 8-5. Impacts on Local Economy and Employment ...... 62 Table 8-6. Impacts on Cultural Heritage ...... 63 Table 8-7. Impacts of Project Transportation Activities ...... 64
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Project Area and Proximity to Settlements ...... 4 Figure 2-2. Process Flow Chart ...... 5 Figure 4-1. Sampling Points and Drilling Wells ...... 15 Figure 5-1. Geological Map of Germencik and Environs ...... 20
LIST OF PHOTOS Photo 5-1. Agricultural Areas Around the Project Site ...... 27 Photo 7-1. Mud Pits Lined with Geomembrane ...... 47
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ABBREVIATIONS
2U1K 2U1K Engineering and Consultancy Inc. AoI Area of Influence
CO2 Carbon Dioxide EA Environmental Assessment EHS Environment, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMF Electromagnetic Field EPRP Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan ESA Environmental and Social Assessment ESDD Environmental and Social Due Diligence ESMMP Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan GD NCNP General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks GPP Geothermal Power Plant HS Health and Safety
H2S Hydrogen Sulphide IFC International Finance Corporation MoEU Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning NGO Non-Governmental Organization OHS Occupational Health and Safety ORC Organic Rankine Cycle PDR Project Description Report PS Performance Standards SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objectives
2U1K has been appointed by Beştepeler Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş. (hereinafter the Project Company) for the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of the Kubilay Geothermal Power Project (hereinafter The Project).
The objective of this ESIA is to identify potential impacts of the proposed project and to recommend appropriate mitigation measures to reduce adverse potential impacts. The ESIA study is conducted by 2U1K on behalf of the Project Company, to be submitted to TKB, the financial intermediary.
The ESIA process is comprised of baseline environmental and social assessment, environmental and social impact assessment, designation of mitigation measures, stakeholder consultations and cumulative impact assessment. Baseline information in the Report is supported with field studies that include:
• Overall site observations of drilling wells, mud-pits, storage conditions of chemicals and fuels and waste management; • Observations for the flora and fauna assessments; • Sampling for air quality measurements, groundwater and surface water sampling, soil sampling and environmental noise measurements; • Social surveys including household surveys, focus group meetings, interviews with mukhtars; • Consultations with key stakeholder groups. A photo-log is available in Annex-1 to present pictures from field studies. Results of field tests and measurements are provided in Annex-2.
1.2 Scope of the Report
The Report is comprised of 10 Sections.
Section 1 is an introductory part that gives overall objectives of the ESIA Report, its contents and limitations in undertaking the associated studies.
Section 2 describes the Project components that are subject to assessment of environmental and social impacts.
Section 3 gives the legal framework including national and international legislative requirements as related with geothermal drilling and power generation. National frame compiles the Project-related laws and regulations on the basis of concerns of the environmental and social assessment. EHS, permits, energy generation, land use and
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biodiversity conservation. International legal frame focuses on requirements of the World Bank operational procedures and the pertinent risk categorization for the specific Project.
Section 4 defines the methodology of data collection and impact assessment.
Section 5 gives environmental baseline situation to be considered in the long term monitoring process as well as the scoping of impact assessment process.
Section 6 gives social baseline situation to be considered in the long term monitoring process as well as the scoping of impact assessment process.
Section 7 is assessment of impacts on the environment. Focus is given on soil and groundwater contamination from discharge of geothermal drilling and operation stages, from mud pits opened during drilling stage, and H2S emissions during operation.
Section 8 is assessment of impacts on the communities. Social and economic impact assessment is backed up by a Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) and the Community Profile of Social Surveys. The SEP prepared by 2U1K is available in Annex-4 of the Report.
Section 9 discusses cumulative impacts of the Project in conjunction with other geothermal projects in the region.
Section 10 presents the mitigation plan and the monitoring plan for environmental and social aspects to be complied with during both construction and operation stages.
1.3 Limitations of the Study
Besides site observations performed by 2U1K, the ESIA Report is limited to the statements of Project Company representatives and former reports (PDRs for the drillings and the power plant and EMP for the power plant) prepared during the course of project planning and license applications. In this respect, no modeling studies are performed in relation to environmental and social parameters. The ESIA process builds upon the available reports and supports them with additional baseline measurements of critical parameters and social surveys.
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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Purpose of the Project
The aim of the Project is to generate 24 MWe electric power by means of utilizing geothermal water. Beştepeler will be producing 160 GWh electricity on annual basis.
The Project is comprised of drilling and operation of 10 geothermal production wells and 6 reinjection wells in Moralı Quarter of Germencik District, Aydin. The Project Site is located over an area of 12 ha land. The operation license was secured in March 2013 for a period of 30 years from the Aydın Governorate. The license area is much broader, comprising an area of about 3000 ha. The Project is considered as a first stage of energy generation in the license area, which has been estimated to have an potential capacity of 75 MWe. Apart from the production and re-injection wells, the Project also comprises of a power plant and transmission lines for the geothermal water. Owner of the Project is Beştepeler Enerji Üretim A.Ş. (Beştepeler hereinafter) who has taken over the geothermal field licenses from Karizma Enerji Gaz Maden Mermer İnşaat Taahhüt Ormancılık Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş., compiling 4 licenses under a single license.
Power generation process is based on the binary production technology called Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) which makes possible 100% re-injection. Operation will include air- cooled condenser, hence no white plume will be emitted in contrast to flash power plants that uses geothermal steam directly. The secondary fluid used for the binary power generation system is n-butane, a low boiling point working fluid. Environmental impacts of an ORC power plant are very low as compared to flash technologies.
The Project is currently at construction stage. It is planned to complete construction activities in 3 years between 2015-2018. Construction is mainly comprised of drilling of wells and laying of above-ground pipelines.
2.2 Project Location
The Project area is located in the Moralı Quarter of the Germencik District of Aydın (see Figure 1-1). License area covers about 3000 hectares and the power plant covers an approximate area of 0.16 hectares. Uzunkum Quarter is the closest settlement to the Project area. Distance to the nearest well from Uzunkum is about 0.6 km. The second closest quarter to the nearest well is Moralı with a distance of 0.8 km and the third closest settlement is Tekin Quarter at a distance of 2 km. Figure 2-1 shows location of the Project area and its proximity to nearby settlements.
As it can be seen from Google image power plant and wells are all Project components are located and surrounded by agricultural lands. It should be noted that the Project Company
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has paid considerable effort for avoiding prime agriculture lands with high crop yields, hence located the wells and the powerhouse on marginal lands as much as possible. Aboveground piping has also been planned to be laid on borders of farmlands.
Figure 2-1. Project Area and Proximity to Settlements
2.3 Project Components
2.3.1 Drilling of Geothermal Wells
Exploration and reservoir evaluation activities include geological, geophysical, and drilling surveys for exploratory drilling and reservoir testing.
Production field development involves drilling steam or hot water production wells and re- injection wells and processing of the reservoir output for use in the power plant. Drilling will continue throughout the life of the project, as production and injection wells need to be periodically updated to support power generation requirements.
2.3.2 The Power Plant
Power plant construction activities include construction of the power plant facility and associated infrastructure, including cooling towers, pipelines, and facilities for treatment and reinjection of wastewaters and gases.
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The plant is planned as a binary plant that use a secondary working fluid, n-butane, with a low boiling point and high vapor pressure at low temperatures as compared to steam. The secondary fluid is operated through a conventional Rankine cycle: the geothermal fluid yields heat to the secondary fluid through heat exchangers, where the secondary fluid is heated and vaporizes. The vapor produced drives a turbine, then is cooled and condensed, and the cycle continues.
Figure 2-2. Process Flow Chart
In order to avoid extensive water use and wastewater discharge into natural rivers, the Project will use dry cooling. Air-cooled technology will be employed, where exhaust steam from the turbine flows through the tube bundles of an air-cooled condenser and is condensed using air flow induced by properly designed axial fans. The residual steam flows in counter Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 5 / 71
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current. In this way, with the use of air-cooled technology, water resources will not be consumed, no emissions will result, no hot water discharge will be made into the river. Furthermore, dry cooling systems require very low maintenance.
2.3.3 Transmission Lines
Transmission line project will be developed following approval of TEIAS. The power plant will be connected to the TEIAS transmission line between Söke and Germencik from the switch yard to be constructed within the Site boundaries. Transmission will be through a 154 kV line of 3 km long.
2.3.4 Access Roads
Existing roads have been used by improving road conditions and extending road widths. No new access roads have been constructed.
2.4 Project Proponents
Key proponents of the Project are:
• Project Company (Beştepeler), • Development Bank of Turkey, • International Financing Institution (World Bank), • Contractors.
2.5 Project Alternatives
The “no project” alternative would result in the continuation of the current situation, which would comprise of agricultural areas and unexploited geothermal water resources, and no development of the power plant planned in the Project. The Project is geared to meeting Turkey’s growing energy demand by means of renewable energy. Therefore, the “no project” alternative would result in a negative impact on national energy policies. The Project is located within a rural agricultural area with no species of ecological conservation status. The level of economic development in the area is poor, so without the Project, there would be no new source of employment for the local communities. As for the environmental and social impacts, the Project does have the potential to result in various environmental impacts without mitigation measures.
Supposing that the Project Site is not situated on a geothermal reserve, a new power plant project could be located on the Project lands for developing a solar power or thermal power project. The site is not appropriate for wind power or hydropower development. Major points of comparison are land costs and environmental and social concerns. Comparisons are
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based on an assumption of equivalent power generation with the use of different resources. Comparative analysis is given in Table 2-1.
Table 2-1. Analysis of Alternatives
Alternatives Description Advantages Disadvantages
“No Project” • Agriculture continued • No environmental • Negative impact on as the only source of impacts such as national energy policies. income. disturbance of surface • Negative impact on local • No contribution to waters and groundwaters. economy by hindering meeting national energy • No social impacts such employment needs. as nuisance of odor and opportunities. • No exploitation of a noise. valuable geothermal • Protection of agriculture resource. areas. • No costs encountered for environmental and social mitigation. Solar Power Plant in Solar panels would be • Less environmental • Considerably high land the same geographic installed on a much issues to manage. acquisition costs. location broader land area to • Less social issues to • Geothermal reserve account for the equal manage. unexploited, hence power generation • Employment potential economic value (approximately 24 ha as opportunities during lost. compared to 7 ha used for construction and • Few personnel to be the Project. operation. employed at construction and operation stages.
Coal fired Power Plant Coal fired power plant • Employment • Several environmental in the same installed at the same opportunities during issues: cooling water geographic location geological location construction and requirement, disposal of operation. ash, emission control systems, etc. • High cost of coal supply • Land requirement for coal stockpiles and ash disposal
Geothermal Power Cooling with water would • Less expensive • Extensive need for Plant with Water- incorporate one or more reliable, clean water based Cooling vs air- cooling towers within the supply cooled systems plant site • More environmental concerns with respect to air-cooled geothermal power plant • Dry air cooling is much more practical.
Geothermal Power Hot water flows up • increases overall cycle • Larger emission of steam Plant with flash through wells in the efficiency with fugitive gases technology in contrast ground under its own • better utilizes the including H2S. to binary technology pressure. As it flows geothermal resources • Overall increase in capital of the Project upward, the pressure cost. decreases and some of the hot water boils into steam.
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3. LEGAL FRAME
This ESIA study is carried out based on relevant national legislation as well as the lender’s guidelines. The main legislation and guidelines are mentioned in the following sections together with their implications for the Project stages.
3.1 Turkish Legislation
The key national laws and regulations presented in this section include the legal requirements to reduce the potential environmental impacts that may arise from the construction and operational activities of the Project. Turkish Legislation related to the Project are presented in the following sections under relevant subtopics.
3.1.1 Turkish Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Legislation
“Environmental Law”, which is ratified in August 1983 (amended with the Law dated May 29, 2013; No: 6486), is one of the principal legislation related to the Project. Several by-laws and decrees are enforced under the Environmental Law.
The “Regulation on Environmental Impact Assessment (dated November 25, 2014; No: 29186 and amended on February 9, 2016; No: 29619)” defines the administrative and technical procedures and principles to be followed throughout the EIA process. It should be noted that the Project was previously listed under Annex-II, Article 49-a of the Regulation, and a Project Description Report was prepared accordingly. As a result of the selection- elimination processes, the Project was exempted from the national EIA requirements with the “EIA is not required” decision made by the Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization on November 26, 2014 (Decision No: 98914016 220-02 E-2014518). The rest of the national EHS legislation that the Project will comply with are presented as Table 3-1 below.
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Table 3-1. Turkish EHS Legislation Related to the Project
Official Gazette Official Gazette Legislation Implications for the Project Stages Date Issue
• Disposal of wastes generated by construction staff during construction Waste Management stage and by operation staff during 02.04.2015 29314 Regulation the operation stage • Hazardous wastes generated at construction and operation stages
• Discharge of wastewater generated Water Pollution Control 31.12.2004 25687 by site staff at construction stage Regulation 10.01.2016 29589 and by operation staff during the operation stage
Regulation on Landfill 26.03.2010 27533 • Drilling mud generated during the of Wastes 11.03.2015 29292 construction stage
Waste Oil Control 30.07.2008 26952 • Waste oils generated at construction Regulation 05.11.2013 28812 and operation stages Waste Vegetable Oil Waste vegetable oils generated at 06.06.2015 29378 • Control Regulation construction and operation stages Packaging Waste Packaging wastes generated at 24.08.2011 28035 • Control Regulation construction and operation stages
Medical Waste Control 22.07.2005 25883 • Medical wastes generated at Regulation 21.03.2014 28948 construction and operation stages Regulation on the 25.11.2006 26357 End-of-life tires generated at Control of End-of-life • construction and operation stages Tires 11.03.2015 29292 Regulation on the Waste batteries and accumulators Control of Waste 31.08.2004 25569 • generated at the construction and Batteries and 23.12.2014 29214 operation stages Accumulators Regulation on the Construction of Septic • Septic tanks for the collection of Tanks at Places Where 19.03.1971 13783 domestic wastewater generated at Sewer Construction is construction and operation stages Not Feasible Regulation on the Noise Emission in the • Noise levels caused by noise Environment from 30.12.2006 26392 sources within the Project site at the Equipment for Outdoor construction and operation stages Use Dust emissions at the construction Industrial Air Pollution 03.07.2009 27277 • stage and CO2 emissions at the Control Regulation 20.12.2014 29211 operation stage Regulation on Assessment and Emissions originating from the 06.06.2008 26898 • Management of Air Facility during the operation stage Quality Regulation on the Odorous emissions generated during Control of Odorous 19.07.2013 28712 • the operation stage Emissions
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Official Gazette Official Gazette Legislation Implications for the Project Stages Date Issue Regulation on Assessment and Noise emissions at construction and 04.06.2010 27601 • Management of operation stages Environmental Noise Regulation on Soil Pollution Control and 08.06.2010 27605 • Risks of soil contamination at Point Source Polluted 11.07.2013 28704 construction and operation stages Areas Regulation on the Transportation and disposal of Control of Excavation • 18.03.2004 25406 excavation waste and construction Soil, Construction and debris at the construction stage Debris Wastes
Law on Occupational • Health and safety measures to be Health and Safety 20.06.2012 28339 taken during construction and (6331) operation stages Regulation on Buildings to be 06.03.2007 26454 • Construction works within the scope Constructed within the 03.05.2007 26511 of the Project Seismic Zones
3.1.2 Turkish Energy Legislation
Project-related Turkish energy legislation is presented below in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2. Turkish Energy Legislation Related to the Project
Official Gazette Official Gazette Legislation Implications for the Project Stages Date Issue Electricity Market Law 30.03.2013 Rights and responsibilities of the Project No. 6446 (as amended 15.04.2015 28603 Company regarding electricity production with the Law numbered and transmission
6639) and relevant Expropriation of private properties regulations
The Law No. 5346 on 18.05.2005 25819 Procedures and principles of the the Use of Renewable 30.03.2013 conservation and utilization of renewable Resources for the energy resource areas Generation of Electrical Certification of the energy generated Energy (as amended from the utilization of these resources with the Law numbered 6446) and relevant regulations Geothermal Resources 13.06.2007 26551 Monitoring requirements regarding and Natural Mineral 01.03.2014 geothermal resource preservation and Water Law No. 5686 being the right-holder for these (as amended with the resources Law numbered 6527) and relevant regulations
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3.1.3 Turkish Legislation on Land Use
The Project site is located on a mine site that consists of pasture lands, which are stated within “Pasture Law No. 4342”, and public property. According to the statement of Provincial Directorate of Food, Agriculture and Livestock (dated November 04, 2014), receiving the required Land-use permits is an obligation for the Project Company. Project-related Turkish Legislation on Land-use are presented in Table 3-3.
Table 3-3. Project-related Turkish Legislation on Land-use
Official Gazette Official Gazette Implications for the Project Legislation Date Issue Stages Regulation on Geothermal 14.10.2008 27024 Land acquisition and use Area Use for Electricity Generation Expropriation Law No. 2942 08.11.1983 18215 Expropriation of private (as amended with the Law 23.04.2015 properties numbered 6645) and relevant regulations
Pasture Law No. 4342 (as 28.02.1998 23272 Permission(s) required for land amended with the Law 31.01.2015 use numbered 6552) and relevant regulations Law on Soil Conservation and 19.07.2005 25880 Permission(s) required for land Land Use No. 5403 (as 15.05.2014 use amended with the Law numbered 6537) and relevant regulations
Law on Aquaculture Resources 04.04.1971 13799 Permission(s) required for land No. 1380 (as amended with the 13.12.2010 use Law numbered 5996) and relevant regulations
Law on Reclamation of Olive 07.02.1939 4126 Permission(s) required for land Cultivation and Inoculation No. 28.02.1995 use 3573 (as amended with the Law numbered 4086) and relevant regulations
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3.1.4 Turkish Legislation on Conservation of Nature and Wildlife
Project-related Turkish legislation on Conservation of Nature and Wildlife is presented below in Table 3-4.
Table 3-4. Project-related Turkish Legislation on Conservation of Nature and Wildlife
Legislation Official Official Implications for the Project Gazette Date Gazette Issue Stages
Conservation of the stream beds Wetland Conservation Regulation 04.04.2014 28962 located within the boundaries of the project site
Regulation on the Management of Measures to be taken during Natural Assets, Natural Protected Areas, 02.05.2013 28635 chance finds at the construction and State-Owned Lands Located on stage Environmental Conservation Lands Law on Conservation of Cultural and Measures to be taken during Natural Assets No. 2863 (as amended 23.07.1983 18113 chance finds at the construction with the Law numbered 6552) and 11.09.2014 stage relevant regulations
Monitoring requirements Land Hunting Law No. 4915 and relevant 11.07.2003 25165 regarding hunting and terrestrial regulations wildlife
The Project Company is required to secure the permits mentioned below in Table 3-5.
Table 3-5. Permits Required for the Project
Permit/License Date Progress
“EIA Not Required” for 26.11.2014 Decision of Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization the Power Plant “EIA Not Required” for 26.06.2015 Decisions made by the Provincial Directorate of Environment and the drillings after the 08.07.2015 Urbanization since preparation of a Project Description Report is year 2013 required for well drillings as of October 3, 2013. 25.08.2015
Well Drilling Permits for March- Exploration Activity Screening-Inspection Forms have been the drillings prior to September prepared and presented to Ministry of Environment and year 2013 2013 Urbanization, and letters of approval have been received for the well drillings prior to October 3, 2013. Geothermal Fluid 04.06.2015 Geothermal fluid discharge permission in 2 locations has been Discharge Permit granted under certain conditions indicated in the Official Letter (No: 80481397-611.02-360848) by State Hydraulic Works (DSI) Pipeline Route Permits In progress Agreements were reached with some of the Property owners, and negotiations are proceeding with the rest of them. Land-use Permit March - April Approvals in place by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and 2016 Livestock
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3.2 International Standards
Since the potential lender for the Project is Development Bank of Turkey (TKB), the Project must be in compliance with good international practice, including World Bank (WB) Safeguard Policies, guides, performance standards and best practices documents alongside the National EHS Legislation.
World Bank governs projects and activities by the Safeguard Policies in order to assure that they are conducted in an environmentally, financially and socially sound manner. Safeguard Policies include Environmental Assessments and other policies that define environmental and social adverse effects of the projects as well as their reduction and prevention. These policies are enlarged upon in “The World Bank Operations Manual”, which also provides guidance on compilation with the Operational Policies (OP), Bank Procedures (BP) and Good Practices (GP). OPS are defined as statements of policy objectives and operational principles including the roles and obligations of both the Borrower and the Bank, while BP are compulsory procedures to be followed by both the Borrower and the Bank and GP are non-compulsory advisory material. Specific policies related to the Project are listed below:
Environmental Policies
• OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment • OP/BP 4.04 Natural Habitats Social Policies
• OP/BP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources BP 17.50 Bank Disclosure Policy
The main objectives and tasks of the Project-related WB Safeguard Policies are explained below: OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment
- To ensure the proposed projects’ environmental and social sustainability and soundness - To inform decision-makers about the environmental and social risks - To increase transparency by providing stakeholder engagement in the decision- making process
OP/BP 4.04 Natural Habitats
- To conserve natural habitats and their biodiversity - To avoid significant conversion/degradation of critical natural habitats - To ensure the sustainability of services and products provided to human society by natural habitats
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OP/BP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources
- To ensure the identification and protection of Physical Cultural Resources (PCR), including archaeological and historical sites, historic urban areas, sacred sites, graveyards, burial sites and unique natural values - To ensure the compliance with national legislation regarding the protection of physical cultural property
BP 17.50 Bank Disclosure Policy
- To support the decision-making process by allowing public access to information on environmental and social aspects of projects.
Under the Operational Policy for Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01), WB conducts an environmental scanning and classifies the proposed projects under Categories A, B and C, based on the level of their likely environmental impacts. Furthermore, Category B projects divide in two within its structure as B and B+, based on the special circumstances of the project in question.
3.3 Environmental and Social Risk Categorization
This ESIA Report proposes that the Project can be categorized as Category B+ based on a preliminary overview of potential environmental and social risks associated with the construction and operation of the project, with respect to WB criteria. The Category B is approached with due sensitivity on the social aspects, given the current public opposition on geothermal power projects in the region. Category B+ projects have relatively more impacts and mitigation measures as compared to Category B projects, which are, however, not significant enough to be recognized as Category A projects. The main difference of Category B+ from Category B is that Category B+ projects may require the preparation of a site- specific Environmental Assessment study.
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4. METHODOLOGY
4.1 Methodology for the Baseline Assessment
Baseline data have been compiled through available reports, literature review and onsite measurements performed by 2U1K. Onsite sampling and measurements include the following. See Table 4-1 for the locations of the above samplings.
• PM10 sampling and analysis at drilling well M10 and Uzunkum Quarter, • Soil sampling and analysis at two mud pits (near drilling wells M6 and M7) and one reference point at a nearby agricultural spot, • Noise survey at the nearest receptor in Uzunkum Quarter, • Water sampling from Mırıl Creek for surface water quality analysis, • Groundwater sampling and analysis at drilling well M7.
Figure 4-1. Sampling Points and Drilling Wells
4.2 Methodology for the Impact Assessment
Identification and evaluation of impacts begin with the stage of scoping process. Impact assessment is a result of determining the possible impacts of project related activities within the aspects of physical, biological and social environment. During the impact assessment of the Project, possible interactions between the Project and surrounding environment have been defined, in order to provide the entire potential Project related impacts. In that aspect, impact is defined as changes originated from project and project related activities. In order to Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 15 / 71
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recognize impacts, the baseline study of the AoI has been established. General nature and types of the impacts categorized in Table 4-1 shown below.
Table 4-1. Impact Types and Definitions
Impact Type Definition Positive Impacts that make positive changes over the current conditions. Negative Impacts that leads to new and undesirable changes over the current conditions. Direct Direct impacts occur through direct interaction of an activity with an environmental, social, or economic component. Indirect Impacts which are not a direct result of the project, often produced away from or as a result of a complex impact pathway. Cumulative: Impacts that consist of an impact that is created as a result of the combination of the project evaluated in the current project together with other projects causing related impacts.
As seen in Table 4-2, impacts may occur as positive, negative, direct, indirect and cumulative. Determination of the type of impact is the important step of the assessment process. The determination of the impact type is based on geographical size, duration, significance and likelihood of the impact. The table provides information regarding the process of determining impact significance, respectively.
Table 4-2. Impact Criteria
Impact Extent Project Area: potential impacts that only cover the borders within the construction site. Local: potential impacts area that covers 20 km within the construction activities of the project. Regional: potential impacts that cover the throughout the district level. National: potential impacts that expected to create changes in national level. Impact Duration Temporary: extend of the impacts expected to be less than 6 months. Short-term: impacts that are expected to only occur during the construction phase of the project. Long-term: impacts that are expected to occur throughout the operation phase of the project. Permanent: impacts that are expected to be permanent to the project affected people. Likelihood of Impact Not likely: impacts that are not likely to occur. Likely: impacts that are likely to occur in most circumstances. Certain: the outcome of impacts will certainly occur. Impact Magnitude Negligible: There is perceptible change to people’s lives Low: Communities are able to adapt with relative ease Medium: Communities are able to adapt with some difficulty High: Affected people/communities will not be able to adapt to changes
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For the determination of impact significance, the matrix below is used:
Table 4-3. Significance Rating
Likelihood Unlikely Likely Certain
Negligible Insignificant Insignificant Insignificant
Low Insignificant Minor Minor Impact Magnitude Medium Minor Moderate Moderate High Moderate Major Major
Impact reversibility is used in order to finalize overall impact assessment. Reversibility can be applied with the use of the matrix below:
Table 4-4. Overall Impact Rating
High Medium Low Impact Reversibility Irreversible Reversibility Reversibility Reversibility Insignificant Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Impact Minor Negligible Negligible Low Medium Significance Moderate Low Low Medium High
Major Low Medium High Critical
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE
Baseline assessment is comprised of field studies and desk-top review of various sources of information. Baseline assessment is focused on a series of environmental components, as listed below:
• Geology and earthquake risks • Climate • Hydrology and surface water quality • Groundwater quantity and quality • Noise • Air quality • Soil quality • Ecology Given that the Project is categorized as a Category B+ investment with limited significant impacts, a partial impact assessment is performed by 2U1K. In this respect, the ESIA Report is based on onsite baseline measurements and social surveys, as well as environmental and social reports developed formerly for the Project.
Table 5-1. Scoping of Environmental Issues
Project Environmental Possible Impacts Baseline Parameters Activities Issue
Drilling Effluent discharge • Discharge of drilling fluids including extracted • Groundwater quality water from exploration and operational wells • Soil quality during testing. • Surface water quality • Discharge of extracted water during well testing. • Discharge of domestic wastewater from camp site
Drilling Drilling Mud • Storage and disposal of drilling mud including • Groundwater quality cuttings • Soil quality
Drilling Groundwater • Contamination of fresh groundwater resources • Groundwater quality contamination in case of percolation of thermal groundwater during drilling and testing.
Drilling Solid Waste • Storage and disposal of solid waste. • Soil quality • Groundwater quality
Drilling Noise • Drilling rig, generators, traffic, etc. • Environmental noise
Drilling, Air Emissions • Possible toxic gas emissions during drilling • Climate Air Quality (PM10, Construction, and well testing (hydrogen sulfide) • • Dust emission due to site activities, H2S) arrangement of drilling rig area, construction of access roads, traffic etc.
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Project Environmental Possible Impacts Baseline Parameters Activities Issue
Drilling and Ecosystem • Disturbance of natural habitats from • Flora Fauna Construction construction, e.g. dust, noise, un-seasonal • working, poor siting of new works, disposal of untreated wastes, etc.
Drilling and Soil • Loss of topsoil during preparation of rig sites, • Soil quality
Construction construction of access roads or disposal of excavated materials • Damage to soil structure due to material storage, traffic, etc. • Erosion due to uncontrolled surface run-off where vegetation is cleared
Drilling Emergency and • Well blowout during drilling - environmental safety
Drilling and Water Resources • Possible over flow from mud pit. • Surface water quality Operation • Discharge of test water. • Contamination/pollution of resource, drilling chemicals, fuel & oil, hazardous wastes, wastewater, etc.
5.1 Geology and Earthquake Risks
The Project area and its environs is comprised of metamorphic massif rocks of Paleosoic Age and sedimentary rocks of Myosene, Pliosene and Quaternary and volcanic rocks of medium aged Myosene. Metamorphic rocks include stratigraphically gneiss, schist, marble, quarcide and various schists. See Figure 5-1 for regional geology.
A geological survey was performed fort he Project area and environs in February 2016. According to the Geological Survey Report, majority of the Project area and close environs is made up of 40-60 m thick alluvial layer constituted by materials brought by Menderes River and its tributaries. The alluvial layer is of metamorphic-sedimentary origin and contains gneiss, schist, marble, sand and gravel.
Project area is located on a flat topography. The top vegetative soil layer is of about 0.30 meters. Beneath the top soil is sandy silt layer at various depths of 0.30 to 2.00 meters; silty sand at a depth of 2.0 to 5. 0 meters and silty sand with low amount of gravel at 5-15 meters depth. Groundwater level is observed at about 3 meters.
According to the Geological Survey Report, no karstic cavities are observed in the Project Area.
The Project area is located on a high risk earthquake zone, hence the Project is required to comply with the Regulation on “Buildings to be Constructed in Earthquake Zones” (Official Journal Issue: 26454, dated 26.03.2007).
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Figure 5-1. Geological Map of Germencik and Environs
5.2 Surface Water and Groundwater Quality
The Project area is located within the Menderes River catchment zone. The nearest tributary of Menderes River to the Site is the Mırıl Creek. Majority of the creeks are seasonal in the region. The Project will pose no impacts on the creeks and will comply with requirements of the Regulation on Conservation of Wetlands (Official Journal Issue: 27684, Date: 26.08.2010). Project Company performed water quality sampling from Mırıl Creek for baseline assessment on October 28, 2015. Results of water quality analysis are given in Table 5-2 below. Detailed laboratory reports are available in Annex-2.
Table 5-2. Results of Surface Water Quality Analysis
Parameter-Unit Test Results
Temperature (°C) 23.6 Wavelength 436 nm 0.5
Color Wavelength 525 nm < 0.5 Wavelength 620 nm < 0.5 pH 7.9
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Parameter-Unit Test Results
Conductivity (µS/cm) 3330 Oxygen Saturation (%)b 62.8
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) b 5.37
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) 25 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/l) 8
Ammonium Nitrogen (mg/l)c 4.7
Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/L) 0.9
Nitrite Nitrogen (mg/L) 0.058 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 6.7
Total Phosphorus (mg/L) 0.68
Aluminum (mg/L) 0.035 Arsenic (µg/L) 19
Copper (µg/L) < 2
Barium (µg/L) 106
Boron (µg/L) 3250
Mercury (µg/L) <0.5
Zinc (µg/L) 7.2
Iron (µg/L) 36.5
Fluoride (µg/L) 450
Cadmium (µg/L) <1
Cobalt (µg/L) 1.1
Chromium +6 (µg/L) <20
Chromium (total) (µg/L) < 2
Lead (µg/L) <5
Manganese (µg/L) 3.5 Nickel (µg/L) <5
Selenium (µg/L) <5
Free Chlorine (µg/L) <10 Cyanide (total) (µg/L) <5
Sulphur (µg/L) <2
Fecal Coliform (KOB/100 mL) 0
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Parameter-Unit Test Results
Total Coliform (KOB/100 mL) 500 Oil and Grease (mg/L) < 10
As for the baseline groundwater quality assessment, a field test was performed by 2U1K at the water well near drilling well M7. The measurement location has been selected to analyze possible impact of the overflow at the mud pit near drilling well M7. Test results are given below in Table 5-3. Detailed laboratory reports are available in Annex-2.
It should be noted that the results of analyses are not indicative of contamination, but only a presentation of the baseline water quality. Hence, the results can not be attributed to any interpretation of Project impacts.
Table 5-3. Test Results for Groundwater
Parameter - Unit Test Results
Amonium (mg/L) <0.01
Arsenic (mg/L) 0.222
Mercury (mg/L) <0.0005
Phosphorus from Phosphate (mg/L) 0.319
Conductivity (µS/cm) 2070 Cadmiyum (mg/L) 0.001
Chloride (mg/L) 265
Lead (mg/L) <0.005
Nitrate(mg/L) 1.05 Nitrite (mg/L) 0.023
Sulphate (mg/L) 272
Tetrachloroethane (µg/L) <0.07
Total Phosphorous (mg/L) 0.526
Total Pesticides (mg/L) <0.001
Trichloroethane (µg/L) <0.09
Test results indicate that groundwater from the shallow aquifer is of low water quality according to national legislation on water quality.
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5.3 Climate
Climate in the region is dominated by Mediterranean climate characteristics, hot and dry summers and warm and rainy winters. The Menderes river valley enhances the warmth of the sea and winds that bring rain towards the inner land. According to long-years meteorological data for Aydın province, average highest temperature is 36.1°C in July, and average lowest temperature is 4.3°C in January. Highest measured temperature was measured as 44.6 °C in July 1987, and lowest measured value was -7.6 °C in January 1964. Maximum total Daily precipitation was measured as 93.8 kg/m2 in January 2009; highest wind speed as 106.2 km/hr in April 1964. The dominant wind direction is East and East-Southeast.
5.4 Soil Quality
2U1K has performed soil quality analyses in order to define baseline soil conditions at three locations (See Annex-1 to detect any soil contamination related with mud pits. Despite that the mud pits have been observed to be lined at the bottom and sides, overflow was seen at drilling station M7 during the site visit. In order to provide a comparative basis, soil sampling was made at drilling stations M6 and M7 and at a “reference point” upstream of M7 for background data. Geographical locations can be seen in Figure 4-1 in the preceding section. Range of parameters analyzed in soil samples include: total organic halogens, antimony, arsenic, copper, barium, boron, mercury, cadmium, zinc, chromium, lead, molybdenum, selenium and total petroleum hydrocarbons. Test results are given below in Table 5-4. Detailed laboratory reports are available in Annex-2.
Table 5-4. Results of Soil Quality Analyses
Test Results at Test Results at Test Results at Parameters M7 M6 Reference Point
*Total Organic Halogens (TOX) (mg/ kg) 209.76 165.3 188.32 Antimony (mg/ kg) <1.25 1.53 <1.25
Arsenic (mg/ kg) 16.73 35.14 22.02
Copper (mg/ kg) 17.12 38.42 21.43 Barium (mg/ kg) 48.65 139 44.84
Boron (mg/ kg) 28.08 46.53 29.36
Mercury (mg/ kg) <0.25 <0.25 <0.25
Zinc (mg/ kg) 54.81 110.42 55.16 Cadmium (mg/ kg) <0.25 <0.25 <0.25
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Test Results at Test Results at Test Results at Parameters M7 M6 Reference Point
Chromium (mg/ kg) 97.5 164.29 92.66
Lead (mg/ kg) 6.73 14.86 7.74
Molybdenum (mg/ kg) <2.5 <2.5 <2.5 Selenium (mg/ kg) <1.25 <1.25 <1.25
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (mg/ kg) 215.6 9.46 17.8
It can be seen from test results that the overflow of the mud-pit has caused localized soil contamination, which will be removed, restored and disposed off as hazardous waste, by the Project Company.
5.5 Air Quality
2U1K has performed air quality analyses in order to define baseline parameters as related
with dust and H2S impacts of the Project. Test results for PM10 are presented in Table 5-5, which indicate that the current dust emissions are below limits designated in the Regulation on Control of Industrial Air Pollution (Table 2.2 of Annex-2 of the Regulation). Table 5-3
presents results of H2S and NO2 measurements performed between 17.02.2016 – 18.03.2016 for a duration of 720 hours.
Table 5-5. Results of PM10 Measurements
Limit Values According to National PM10 Regulation (µg/m3) Measurement Point Concentration (µg/m3) STV* LTV**
Close to M10 32 80 52 Nearest settlement (Uzunkum Quarter) 29
*STV: Short Term Value **LTV: Long Term Value
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Table 5-6. Results of H2S and NO2 Measurements
Measurement H2S Concentration (μg) NO2 Concentration (μg) Point (total) (blank) 1 <0.03 <0.01
2 0.05 0.02
3 0.07 0.04
4 0.05 0.03
5 0.05 0.02 6 0.05 0.02
7 0.07 0.04
8 0.04 0.01
5.6 Environmental Noise
2U1K has performed air quality analyses in order to define baseline parameters as related with noise impacts of the Project. Surveys were made on week days and weekend days at the nearest settlement unit of Uzunkum. According to the results of analyses, measured levels are under limit values set in the Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise.
Table 5-7. Results of Noise Measurement
Average Average Measured Measured Measured Measured Period Hours Noise Level Noise Level Noise Level Noise Level Leq (dBA) Leq (dBC) Leq (dBA) Leq (dBC)
07:00-08:00 46.3 61.3
08:00-09:00 59.5 62.8
09:00-10:00 59.5 72.4 Day 10:00-11:00 54.8 76.7 (07:00-19:00) 11:00-12:00 41.1 60.9
12:00-13:00 42.9 58.9 52.8 67.9
13:00-14:00 40.3 60.0 14:00-15:00 40.9 60.6
15:00-16:00 43.1 58.6
16:00:17:00 39.8 58.9 17:00-18:00 45.4 58.4
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Average Average Measured Measured Measured Measured Period Hours Noise Level Noise Level Noise Level Noise Level Leq (dBA) Leq (dBC) Leq (dBA) Leq (dBC)
18:00-19:00 42.2 57.4
19:00-20:00 52.9 68.9 Evening 20:00-21:00 53.7 57.3 (19:00 - 23:00) 50.6 64.6 21:00-22:00 41.2 59.3
22:00-23:00 42.4 63.6
23:00-00:00 38.3 62.4
00:00-01:00 39.4 63.5 Night (23:00 - 07:00) 01:00-02:00 44.7 62.9 02:00-03:00 39.9 62.4 49.3 63.0 03:00-04:00 37.7 59.3
04:00-05:00 37.7 59.9
05:00-06:00 40.8 65.2
06:00-07:00 57.8 64.9
According to IFC Noise Management Guidelines, for residential receptors, daytime and nighttime noise levels are 55 dBA and 45 dBA respectively. Despite compliance with national standards , results of noise measurement show that current level of noise during construction activities (drilling, excavation, construction) exceed limits at night time with respect to IFC limits.
5.7 Ecology
5.7.1 Flora
Vegetation and plant species of the Project site and its immediate environment have been assessed as a result of field studies and literature survey. The entire flora species of the region that is included in the resource “Flora of Turkey” have been reviewed in order to eliminate any potential errors. Endemic species with possible existence due to their habitat characteristics have been considered in particular.
Field studies have been conducted in addition to previous studies for determining the plant species within the Project site, and the information obtained have been supported by literature data. Determination of flora species has been based on field investigations while studies in the literature have been made use of for undefined plant species.
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The Project area is within the Mediterranean phyto-geographical region, and is located in C1 square according to Davis’ Grid System. The Project area is dominated by agricultural lands and has the characteristics of a flat topography. See Photo 5-1.
Photo 5-1. Agricultural Areas Around the Project Site
The surroundings of the Project area are composed of highly modified habitats surrounded by road networks, residential buildings and agricultural lands. Legally protected and internationally recognized areas in the region have been determined as a result of field surveys and literature review. In this context, the protected area network of the region has been examined and the possible effects of the Project to these wildlife sanctuaries have been checked to prove that the Project area and the influence zone sufficiently far from the protected area network of Aydın.
The floristic structure of the project site and its immediate environment was determined by a detailed literature research and field surveys. According to the results of the surveys it can be seen that the area is covered with ruderal herbaceous plants and cultivated plants. Table 5-7 lists possible flora in the project area and its environs as a result of the field observations and literature survey. Field surveys indicate that the natural vegetation has been destructed by anthropogenic impacts and has been replaced by cultivated plants. The herbaceous vegetation on the Project Site was not in good form, being quite degenerated.
As Table 5-7 shows, no endemic taxa, nor significance in terms of categorizations of IUCN and the Bern Convention, are detected among the listed species. In the overall, the flora and the vegetation of the project area are not important in terms plant biodiversity.
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Table 5-8. Flora in the Project Area and its Environs
Latin Name Endemism IUCN Bern Convention
ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium trichomanes - - -
HYPOLEPIDACEAE
Pteridium aquilinum - - -
PAPAVERACEAE
Papaver minus - - -
POLYGONACEAE
Rumex tuberosus - - -
Polygonum bellardii - - -
CUPRESSACEAE
Juniperus oxycedrus - - -
Juniperus foetidissima - - -
Juniperus excelsa - - -
APIACEAE
Eryngium creticum - - -
MALVACECEAE
Althaea hirsuta - - -
Malva sylvestris - - -
CISTACEAE
Fumana procumbens - - -
Cistus laurifolius - - -
CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Silene macrodanta - - -
Silene compacta - - -
LAMIACEAE
Lamium moschatum - - -
Phlomis pungens - - -
LILIACEAE
Allium hirtovaginum - - -
Ornithogalum armeniacum - - -
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Latin Name Endemism IUCN Bern Convention
GERANIACEAE
Geranium robertianum - - -
FAGACEAE
Castanea sativa - - -
Quercus frainetto - - -
Quercus cerris - - -
Quercus pubescens - - -
Quercus infectoria - - -
PINACEAE
Pinus brutia - - -
Pinus nigra - - -
Pinus sylvestris - - -
POACEAE
Aegilops triuncialis - - -
Poa angustifolia - - -
Triticum sp. - - -
Avena sp. - - -
Hordeum pusillum - - -
ASTERACEAE
Anthemis auriculata - - -
BRASSiCACEAE
Eruca sativa - - -
Alyssum minus - - -
Capsella bursa-pastoris - - -
FABACEAE
Astragalus hamosus - - -
Genista anatolica - - -
MYRTACEAE
Eucalyptus sp. - - -
BORAGiNACEAE
Heliotropium dolosum - - -
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Latin Name Endemism IUCN Bern Convention
Myosotis cadmaea - - -
ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
Peganum harmala - - -
RANUNCULACEAE
Ranunculus arvensis - - -
ROSACEAE
Potentilla recta - - -
Pyruscommunis subsp. communis - - -
Rubus caesius - - -
OLEACEAE
Olea europaea var. Europaea - - -
Phillyrea latifolia - - -
TYPHACEAE
Typha latifolia - - -
CORNACEAE
Cornus mas - - -
Cornus sanguinea - - -
SALiCACEAE
Salix caprea - - -
Salix alba - - -
ERiCACEAE
Arbutus andrachne - - -
TAMARÍCAEAE
Tamarix smyrnensis - - -
5.7.2 Fauna
Fauna inventory was prepared based on conducted fieldwork and a wide literature research. The status of the fauna in the region was evaluated according to the biological and ecological perspectives. Risk categories of fauna species were determined according to the IUCN red list categories which were published in Version 2015.4. In the fauna list that has been provided, species are written with the family names to which they belong to.
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Forty-one species and sub-species are known to exist in the Project Area and in its surrounding. A fauna inventory was prepared on a large scale so that it also includes many species not observed directly in the Project Area. Endemic species are sensitive in terms of risk status. However, during the site visits it was found that the immediate area of the facility and the close environs are not used by the target species which are known to be endemic.
The Project Site includes water courses and rocky areas which are suitable for reptiles and amphibians, which makes the area suitable habitat for both groups. Possible species to be seen in the Project Area are listed in Table 5-9.
Table 5-9. Species of Reptiles and Amphibians in the Project Region
Bern Latin Name Endemism IUCN Red List Convention
SALAMANDRIDAE
Triturus vulgaris - LC/nt ANN-III
BUFONIDAE
Bufo viridis - LC/nt ANN-II
Bufo bufo - LC/nt ANN-III
RANIDAE
Rana ridibunda - LC/nt ANN-III
TESTUDINIDAE
Testudo graceae - VU/nt ANN-II
LACERTIDAE
Lacerta saxícola - LC/nt -
Lacerta trilineata - LC/nt ANN-II
TYPHLOPIDAE
Typhlops vermicularis - LC/nt ANN-III
COLUBRIDAE
Coluber jugularis - LC/nt ANN-III
Eirenis modestus - LC/nt ANN-II
In regards to Table 5-9, the scale of IUCN risk category LC/nt stands for “least concern/near threatened”.
For the fauna species taken under protection by Appendix – II and Appendix – III of the Bern Convention, measures stated in Article 6 and 7 of the Bern Convention have to be taken. In
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particular, the following issues will be considered for the species listed in Appendix II in accordance with the 6th Article of the Bern Convention.
The species listed in Appendix II of the Bern Convention are strict. The species listed in Appendix III are periodically under protection.
Field data and literature research shows that the project area and surroundings are occupied by species which are known to exist in habitats altered by anthropogenic activities.
The bird species which were identified through literature and observed from field survey have been presented in Table 5-10 below.
Table 5-10. Bird Species in the Region
Latin Name Endemism IUCN Red List Bern Convention
COLUMBIDAE
Columba livia - LC ANN-III
Streptopelia decaocto - LC ANN-III
ALAUDIDAE
Alauda arvensis - - ANN-III
HIRUNDINIDAE
Hirundo rustica - LC ANN-II
MU SCICAPIDAE
Muscicapa striata - - ANN-II
TURDIDAE
Turdus merula - - ANN-III
Saxícola ruberta - - ANN-III
SITTIDAE
Sitta krueperi - - ANN-II
CORVIDAE
Pica pica - LC -
Corvus frugilegus - - -
Garrulus glandarius - - ANN-III
PASSARIDAE
Passer domesticus - LC -
FRINGILLIDAE
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Latin Name Endemism IUCN Red List Bern Convention
Fringilla montifringilla - - -
Fringilla coelebs - LC ANN-III
Carduelis carduelis - LC ANN-II
UPUPIDAE
Upupa epops - LC ANN-III
PICIDAE
Dendrocopus syrtacus - - ANN-III
PHASIANIDAE
Aletoris chukar - LC ANN-III
Coturnix cturnix LC ANN-III
RECURVIROSTRIDAE
Himantopus himantopus - LC ANN-III
RALLIDAE
Fulica atra - LC ANN-III
The project area is located on agricultural areas with low fertility and thus its anthropogenic impacts have made the area unsuitable for mammal species, especially larger mammals which require considerably wide ranges.
Table 5-11. Mammals in the Project Region
Latin Name Endemism IUCN Red List Bern Convention
MURIDAE
Mus musculus - LC/nt ANNEX-III
Mus domesticus - LC/nt ANNEX-III
Apedomus mystacerus LC/nt ANNEX-III
MU STELLIDAE
Mustela nivalis - LC/nt ANNEX-III
Martes foinea - LC/nt ANNEX-III
HYSTRICIDAE
Hystrix cristata - LC/nt ANNEX-II
LEPORIDAE
Lepus europaeus - LC/nt ANNEX-III Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 33 / 71
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Latin Name Endemism IUCN Red List Bern Convention
TALPIDAE
Talpa europaea LR/Ic -
CANIDAE
Vulpes vulpes - LC ANNEX-III
SUIDAE
Sus scrofa scrofa - LC/Ic ANNEX-III
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6. SOCIAL BASELINE
6.1 Socio-Economic Environment
In this section, baseline data for the socio-economic aspects of the Area of Influence (AoI) is presented in order to provide a current situation against which the impacts of the Project can be assessed. The baseline takes into account present conditions, as well changing conditions (i.e. population, education) apparent in the baseline.
The baseline description has the following main objectives to:
• focus on receptors that were identified during scoping as having the potential to be significantly affected by the Project, • describe and, where possible, quantify their characteristics (demography, economy, education, health, etc.), • provide data to aid the prediction and evaluation of possible impacts and, • inform judgments about the sensitivity, vulnerability and/or importance of resources/receptors.
The aim of the socio-economic baseline study is to describe the socio-economic conditions and trends in the areas potentially affected by the Project to understand potential effects and to develop appropriate mitigation measures. The socio-economic baseline defines the socio- economic issues of importance of provincial and local communities and establishes a baseline of socio-economic data that can be used for monitoring changes in the affected communities after the Project.
The following variables were selected for the discussion of the socioeconomic indicators of the settlements area around the Project site:
• Demography • Economy and Employment • Education • Health • Infrastructure and Services • Vulnerable Groups
6.2 Methodology
Socio-economic data was collected using a combination of research methods. The baseline section was conducted by collecting, reviewing, and analyzing a range of secondary data, including data originating from the Turkish Statistical agency (TURKSTAT), Aydın Metropolitan Municipality, Germencik Municipality, local and provincial governorates.
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TURKSTAT census data of 2013 is considered to be the most comprehensive, reliable and current statistical data regarding the communities affected by the Project.
In order to provide baseline information on the quarter level, national statistics are supported with information obtained from primary data collected from interviews with mukhtars that were carried out between the 16-20 February 2016.
The Area of Influence (AoI) of the Project calls for Moralı, Uzunkum and Tekin quarters.
6.2.1 Demography and Population
This section presents general demographical information of Aydın Province and Germencik respectively and move on to further details within the borders of the AoI.
Aydın, situated in Aegean Region of Turkey, covers an area of 627.22 m2 and has been recorded as the 20th most populated city in Turkey, with a population of 1,020,957. Furthermore, there are 17 districts and 489 quarters within the Province. The majority of the population lives in the city centre of Aydın. 60.8% of the population lives in the province and district centers, whereas the remaining 39.2% of the population lives in the towns and quarters. Germencik District on the other hand, has a population of 43,209 with a household size of 3.39, being the second largest household average within the Province (Turkish Statistical Institute, 2013).
As mentioned above, there are three quarters within the limits of AoI (Uzunkum, Moralı and Tekin) in Aydın. Moralı quarter has the population figures, whereas, Tekin quarter has the lowest figures. Further information regarding the population of the AoI can be found in Table 6-1.
Table 6-1. Population Figures of the Area of Impact
Distance to Distance to Aydın Quarter Number of Household Quarter Aydın Province Germencik Population Households Size District Moralı 34 9 586 164 3.5 Uzunkum 25 13 140 40 3.5 Tekin 30 14 273 106 2.5
During the field study it has been observed that the population figures of the quarters have been decreased due to reasons based on lack of economic opportunities over the years.
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Table 6-2 presents the population changes in the quarters within the five years respectively as well as reasons that account for the changes.
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Table 6-2. Population Dynamics
Population Change within Village Reasons the Last 5 Years Moralı Decreased Lack of employment opportunities Uzunkum Decreased Lack of income resources Tekin Decreased Lack of population growth and decreased number of in-migration
It can be stated that Tekin quarter’s major population is aged 65 and over, whereas, Moralı quarter has the most youth population among the villages in the AoI.
6.2.2 Livelihoods and Employment
The main economic activities in Aydın are based on agriculture, public and private industrial investments and tourism. Agriculture and livestock breeding are more dominant in Germencik district. Approximately 60% of the fig production of Turkey is in Germencik. Other agricultural products are cotton, olive and corn with significant contribution to national agricultural economy.
Similarly, agriculture and livestock breeding are the common economic activities in the three quarters in the AoI of the Project, as well. The main source of local income are retirement pensions, paid workforce and farming. In terms of livestock breeding, cattle are common in all of the three quarters. According to interviews with Mukhtars, Tekin quarter is observed to have higher economic standards, whereas, in terms of family income, Uzunkum quarter has a decreasing trend of economic standards due to low population figures and lack of economic opportunities.
6.2.3 Education
According to TURKSTAT, Aydın 2013-2014 education statistics, the literacy rate of people aged 6 or above is 97.3%, and high-schooling rate within the limits of national average. On the other hand, the literacy rate in Germencik District is 96.9%, yet with low rate of literate female population (Turkish Statistical Institute, 2013).In terms of comparing education conditions within the AoI, non of the three quarters occupy education facilities within their borders. Access to education is provided by means of transportation service to other schools in the nearest quarters or the district center. For primary education, community members tend to prefer closest neighboring schools, whereas high school students prefer the District center. Tekin quarter has the highest illiterate portion within the AoI, while almost all of the population in Moralı quarter is literate.
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6.2.4 Health
According to TURKSTAT, there are a total of 22 health organizations in Aydın, including 14 Ministry of Health institutions, 1 university institution and 7 private institutions (Turkish Statistical Institute, 2013).
In terms of health services within the AoI, although there are no health care facilities within the quarters, state family practitioners pay a weekly visit to the quarters. For further health services, community members have access to hospitals within the District or Province.
6.2.5 Infrastructure and Services
Village rooms and coffee houses available in all of the three quarters provide place for community gatherings.
All the quarters are connected to the national electricity grid.
Drinking water is received mainly through groundwater and spring water, whereas industrial water is supplied also from the municipal network. Uzunkum and Tekin quarters use septic tanks for wastewater discharge, whereas Moralı quarter discharges directly into Moralı creek. Solid wastes are collected from the three quarters by Germencik District Municipality.
All three quarters have access to tele-communication services including telephone, mobile communication and internet.
Transportation is through either private vehicles or mass transportation by minibuses to the district center.
According to the mukhtars, all three quarters experience environmental issues such as lack of wastewater treatments, inefficient septic tanks and rareness of solid waste collection by the municipality.
In terms of the economic issues, all three quarters experience lack work opportunities, which results increase of low income families. Income from farming is considerably low.
6.2.6 Vulnerable Groups
Majority of the vulnerable groups in the three quarters comprise mainly of individuals who are elderly people at age 70 and over and those that depend on state aids and contributions from community members. Moralı quarter has the highest figures in terms of individuals with almost no income and individuals who receive state health insurance. Further information regarding the vulnerable groups is given in Table 6-3 below.
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Table 6-3. Vulnerable Groups
Individuals Depending Mentally or Elderly People with People with Widows with on State Aids Physically People Aged Quarter State Health Very Low- no Children and Disabled 70 and Over, Insurance income Community People Living Alone Contributions Moralı 35 2 5 45 - - Uzunkum 5 6 2 - - - Tekin 4 3 15 15 12 15
As shown in Table 6-3 more than 50% of the population in Tekin quarter is aged over 70 and with the highest general figures of vulnerable groups.
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7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Based on an overview of baseline parameters, impact assessment is comprised of the following elements:
Assessment of impacts on surface waters and groundwaters:
• Degradation of surface water quality affecting local users • Impacts on ecosystems from vegetation clearance and earth moving during construction; • Pollution of surface water from drilling muds or water from testing wells; • Surface and/or groundwater contamination from chemical spills and leaks from storage, transportation and use of chemicals and fuel on Project site; • Cross-contamination of surface aquifer from drilling of new geothermal wells • Surface water impacts from discharges of effluents from reinjection; Assessment of noise impacts on communities:
• Noise from construction and drilling activities from site preparation, excavation and foundations, construction and drilling;
Assessment of impacts on soil:
• Degradation of soil by contamination from drilling mud and cuttings and other potential hazardous wastes, • Degradation of land and soil by contamination from fuel or chemical storage facilities or spent oils, lubricants storage, • soil contamination from fuel or chemical storage facilities or spent oils, lubricants storage, etc.
Assessment of impacts on air quality:
• Odor impacts of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) on the surrounding communities from operational emissions from Power Plant site; • Release CO2 and other GHGs at operation stage.
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7.1 Construction Stage Impacts
7.1.1 Impacts on Ecology
Site observations clearly indicate that the flora has been largely deteriorated due to anthropogenic activities. The Project area is located within the Mediterranean phyto-geographical region and therefore has the characteristics of diverse vegetation along its coastal region. There are numerous fields within the Project area and its immediate environment due to the flat topography and alluvial deposits. Within the Project site, there are ruderal plants along the roadsides and around the irrigation and drainage channels as well as the dominant vegetation of field crops. Although it seems as a rich flora, it has lost its natural vegetation cover due to agricultural fields and gardens.
A certain amount of biomass will be lost during excavation works at the construction site. Top soil that will be skimmed from the surface will be reserved and used in site restoration and redevelopment of flora.
A large amount of the geothermal fluid that is required for energy production will be passed above the ground; therefore, the biomass loss will be minimized during the operations along the pipeline route. The Project pipeline is a fully enclosed system which does not create any adverse effects on the existing vegetation during the transportation of geothermal fluid to the facility.
Cold water that will be generated as a result of the closed-circuit production will directly be pumped back to the thermal reservoir without being discharged to any receiving body.
The Project site and its vicinity are under intense human pressure due to the geothermal power plants, animal grazing and agricultural activities. Certain fauna species have previously moved away from the region due to such anthropogenic impacts. The existing fauna species consist of species that have adapted themselves to these impacts. Therefore, there are no species that may be damaged due to the facility construction.
Within this framework, noise-induced impact of the facility on the fauna is in question, because of which the faunal elements may abandon their nesting area. However, once the facility construction is over, faunal elements may use the region as their nesting area again.
The cold water to be generated as a result of the closed-circuit production will directly be pumped back to the thermal reservoir without being discharged to any other receiving body.
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Table 7-1: Impacts of Construction Stage on Ecology
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Impacts of construction activities on the ecology are negative and both direct and indirect.
Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is temporary as species will possibly adapt to post-construction conditions. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent The impact is local, limited to the Project Site and environs. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact is negligible as there are no critical habitats or species and the existing species will be able to adapt to the changes. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Impacts are likely as excavation works will remove some vegetation and top soil; and drilling activities will cause unfavorable conditions with dust and noise. Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is negligible as as there are no critical habitats or species and the existing species will be able to adapt to the changes. High Medium Low Irreversible Reversibility of Receptor General ecology will recover in time but it is evident that some species will move to new habitats.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Assessment Overall ecological impact is negligible, thereby mitigation measures will be necessary.
Mitigation Measures
Given the agricultural nature of the project area and surroundings, OP 4.36 is not triggered. Indirect impacts on ecology through emissions of noise and air quality or through discharges of effluent is mitigated in a large extent through the mitigation measure identified within the wastewater, noise and air sections of the Report. The residual impacts will be negligible with the implementation of these mitigations.
7.1.2 Water Supply
During the construction stage, water demand will consist of potable water and water to be used for dust emission prevention. Potable water will be supplied to field staff in 19 liter bottles. Water to be used for dust emission prevention will be brought to the construction site with tankers. There will be no water supply from surface or groundwaters in the region.
7.1.3 Wastewater Generation
Construction stage activities will result in domestic wastewater only. Concrete curing water will not be required as ready-mixed concrete will be used.
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Considering the number of field staff will be 25 and taking the daily wastewater generation per capita value as 181 L/person-day, as indicated by Turkish Statistical Institute’s 2014 data for Aydın province, the total domestic wastewater generation by the field staff will be 4.5 m3/day at the construction stage. Domestic wastewater generated at the construction stage will be collected in a septic tank in compliance with the Regulation on the Construction of Septic Tanks at Places Where Sewer Construction is Not Possible. The amount of water required for preventing dust emissions will be 5 m3/day.
7.1.4 Impacts of Geothermal Fluid from Well Testing on Surface Waters
Test drillings are conducted in order to prove the commercial viability of potential resources. Geothermal fluids are hot and highly mineralized and, if released to surface water, could cause thermal changes and changes in water quality. Geothermal fluids are currently discharged into open drainage canals that lead into Menderes River. Geothermal fluid from well testing is cooled down to a temperature around 40°C during flow through the open canals as stated by the Project Company. Menderes is not a sensitive ecosystem as it is posed to discharges form several industrial resources as well as other geothermal plants in the region.
Table 7-2: Impacts of Drilling Effluents into Surface Waters
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Impacts of discharging geothermal test water into drainage canals is indirect and negative on surface waters. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is temporary as limited to the construction stage. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent The impact is limited to the drainage canals, thereby local. Negligible Low Medium High Impact magnitude could be considered negligible in environmental terms given the highly Impact Magnitude polluted receiving media, and the temporary duration of impacts. Yet the impact magnitude is considered “low” in terms of social distress in relation to uninformed sudden discharges from other geothermal projects in the region. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Impacts of waste generation on soil and groundwater resources are likely at construction stage based on risks of mud-pit overflows or improper waste handling.
Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is minor.
Reversibility of High Medium Low Irreversible Receptor Soil and groundwater quality can be reversed by restoration activities, at some cost. Negligible Minor Medium Major Final Impact Impact is minor. Mitigation measures are required in the form of stakeholder engagement Assessment practices for informing communities as related with the possible schedules and about the possible impacts of effluent discharges.
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7.1.5 Impacts of Solid Wastes on Soil and Groundwater
Hazardous and non-hazardous solid wastes expected to be generated during the construction stage are domestic solid waste from construction staff, excavation debris, medical waste from the camp site, packaging wastes, end-of-life tires, waste batteries and accumulators and drilling mud.
Non-hazardous Domestic Solid Waste
Domestic solid waste in the construction stage is generated as a result of various consumptions of the field staff. Considering that the number of field staff will be 25 and taking the daily waste generation per capita value as 1.16 kg/person-day, as indicated by Turkish Statistical Institute’s 2014 data for Aydın province, the total domestic solid waste generation by the field staff will be 29 kg/day.
Hazardous Waste
Hazardous wastes can possibly comprise of drilling muds if they contain oil-based inputs. Muds are generated at drilling wells as a result of injection of mixture of water, bentonite and emulsifiers to support the well, cool the drill bit and remove cuttings. Muds are currently collected in mud-pits. Any failure of the mud-pit has the potential to cause pollution of adjacent surface water courses which is of particular concern with oil-based muds as they are likely to contain oil-related contaminants. One significant overflow was observed during the site visits and lab analyses of samples from soil and groundwater at the location of the overflow, where soil sample was indicative of contamination with hydrocarbons. The Project Company will remove the mud-pit at M7 drilling station and dispose as hazardous waste and restore the mud-pit location.
Packaging Waste
Packaging waste generated during the construction stage are composed of recyclable materials such as metal, paper, plastics and glass.
Waste Batteries and Accumulators
Waste batteries generated during the construction stage will be separately collected in the waste battery containers found at the Project site.
Drilling Mud Drilling mud will be generated as a result of drillings. Drilling mud is classified as “inert waste”.
Waste Oils
Waste oil is expected to be generated from maintenance of the vehicles to be used during the construction stage.
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Waste vegetable oil will be generated from the cafeteria, where the food service will be provided for 25 construction stage personnel.
Mitigation Measures
Domestic solid waste generated during the construction stage will be monitored weekly by the Project Company, and they will be collected, transferred, stored and disposed of in compliance with the Waste Management Regulation.
The collected waste will be ultimately disposed of by being transferred to the nearest municipality. Furthermore, recyclable waste (i.e. glass, plastics, glass) will be collected separately at source as indicated in Section 2, Article 5 of the Waste Management Regulation, in order to be reintegrated into the economy.
Nearest hospitals will be used for possible injuries and health problems of 25 construction stage personnel. As a result of on-site first aid applications for injuries, medical waste will be generated; and they will be collected, transferred, stored and disposed of in compliance with the Medical Waste Control Regulation.
Packaging waste will be collected in separate containers in order to be reintegrated into the economy without being subjected to any chemical or biological process. In addition, compliance with the Packaging Waste Control Regulation will be ensured for their management during the construction stage.
Maintenance of the vehicles to be used during the construction stage will be managed by authorized technical services. However, end-of-life tire generation may occur in case of a mandatory tire change. In such cases, tires will be sent to licensed firms in accordance with the Regulation on the Control of End-of-life Tires.
Waste batteries will be sent to a Waste Battery Recycling Plant as stated in Section 2, Article 13 of the Regulation on the Control of Waste Batteries and Accumulators. In addition, temporary storage of waste batteries within the facility will be managed according to Section 4, Article 20 of the same regulation.
There will be no accumulator replacement within the construction site. However, empty accumulators generated in compulsory cases will be sent to firms to be replaced with full ones as stated in the Regulation on the Control of Waste Batteries and Accumulators. In addition, temporary storage of waste accumulators within the facility will be managed according to Section 4, Articles 18 and 19 of the same regulation.
Waste oils will be managed by authorized technical services, and oil change of the vehicles will be conducted by machine experts or service staff on leak-proof surface within the construction site, therefore a possible soil contamination will be prevented. In case of waste oil generation during an oil change, it will be stored and disposed of in accordance with the Waste Oil Control Regulation. Vehicle maintenance will be conducted periodically on a daily, weekly and monthly basis, and oil leakage will be avoided by using drip pans.
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Vegetative waste oils will be collected separately to be sent to licensed firms in compliance with the Waste Vegetable Oil Control Regulation.
Table 7-3: Impacts of Waste Storage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative
Impact Type Impacts of mud-pits and hazardous waste storage are negative and direct. Improper storage of hazardous waste would cause infiltration of hazardous components into sub- layers of soil and the shallow aquifers. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact will be long-term if the impact is not detected on-time and cleaning procedures are not applied. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent The impact is limited to local soils and the shallow aquifer. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Groundwater in the shallow aquifer is not used by local people. Still any contamination is not allowed by regulations. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Impacts of waste storage on soil and groundwater resources are likely at construction stage based on risks of mud-pit overflows or improper waste handling. Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is moderate as oil contamination from oil based drilling muds can cause long term or permanent changes.
Reversibility of High Medium Low Irreversible Receptor Soil and groundwater quality can be reversed by restoration activities, at certain costs.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment Impact is medium and requires mitigation measures.
The drilling mud is readily collected inside leak-proof mud pits lined with geomembrane (See Photo 7-1) eliminating the risks of leakage and soil contamination. When the process is over, mud pits will be left to dry and once completely dried, they will be covered up with the topsoil, which will be collected prior to drilling; hence land will be rehabilitated. The muds would be classified as hazardous waste if oil based drilling muds is used.
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Photo 7-1. Mud Pits Lined with Geomembrane
7.1.6 Impacts on Air Quality
Emissions during the construction stage are associated with dust from operation of onsite diesel vehicles, skimming of top soil layers, and excavation of mud pits and from transportation of ready-mixed concrete for power plant construction. Impacts will be temporary, limited to the construction period. Mitigation measures are currently in place in order to suppress dust emissions by means of water spraying and improvement of road conditions. With the measures taken to minimize nuisance o communities, dust impact will be negligible.
Table 7-4. Impacts of Construction Activities on Air Quality
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Dust emission impacts during construction is direct and negative. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is limited to the construction stage. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent The impact is limited to nearby settlements, thereby local. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact is low as there will be some perceptible changes in people’s livelihoods, but they will adapt with some relative ease.
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Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Dust emissions during construction stage is certain due to operation of construction vehicles and drilling equipment. Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is minor as the impact is temporary and mitigation measures are in place.
Reversibility of High Medium Low Irreversible Receptor Communities will be free from dust exposure once the construction stage is complete.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment Impact is negligible, thereby there is no need for additional mitigation measures.
7.1.7 Noise
Noise will be emitted from the onsite vehicles and machinery during the construction stage. According to calculation in PDR for different types of site vehicles and machinery, noise levels are below limits beyond 311 meters where the nearest settlements are located. Thereby, noise impacts during construction will be insignificant and temporary.
Table 7-5. Noise Impacts of the Construction Stage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Noise impacts during construction is direct and negative.
Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is limited to the construction stage. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent The impact is limited to nearby settlements, thereby local. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact is medium as communities can adapt with difficulty. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Noise during construction stage is certain due to operation of construction vehicles and drilling equipment. Negligible Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is moderate as the impact is temporary and mitigation measures are in place.
Reversibility of High Medium Low Irreversible Receptor Communities will be free from noise once the construction stage is complete. Negligible Minor Medium Major Final Impact Assessment Impact is minor, thereby there is need for additional mitigation measures for decreasing noise levels by means of good practices and proper scheduling of construction activities.
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As seen in baseline measurements of noise conducted during the construction activities, it is seen that current practices are incompliant particularly for nighttime noise limits. Compliance will be ensured with the IFC standards, which are lower than limits set in Turkish Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise. IFC Noise Management Guidelines indicate limits of daytime and nighttime noise levels in the nearest receptor at 55 dBA and 45 dBA, respectively.
7.2 Operation Stage Impacts
7.2.1 Impacts on Terrestrial Ecology
Adverse impacts on terrestrial ecology and biodiversity imposed during the construction stage will disappear at the operation stage. No project-related adverse impacts on the ecology are anticipated for the operation stage.
7.2.2 Impacts of Domestic Wastewater on Surface Waters
During the operation stage, water demand will consist of potable water. Project Company will not use water for cooling since the plant is designed as air-cooled.
For domestic usage, potable water will be supplied to operation staff in 19-liter bottles.
The PDR calculates daily domestic wastewater generation by the personnel about 4.5 m3/day at the operation stage. Domestic wastewater generated at the operation stage will be collected in a septic tank in compliance with the “Regulation on the Construction of Septic Tanks at Places Where Sewer Construction is Not Feasible”. Wastewater collected in septic tank will be drawn by a sewage truck, and will be discharged at the nearest wastewater treatment plant. Hence, there will be no direct discharge into surface water.
7.2.3 Impacts of Spent Geothermal Fluid on Surface Waters
The ORC system will return the spent geothermal water (effluent) via reinjection wells back to the geothermal reservoir. With the use of reinjection system, the residual impact associated with operational discharges of brine geothermal fluid is assessed as having negligible significance. The geothermal effluent will be an issue in case of failure of the reinjection system mainly consisting of aboveground horizontal pipelines.
Table 7-6. Impacts of Spent Geothermal Fluid
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Impact of reinjection failure is direct and negative. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is temporary. Impact Extent Project Area Local Regional National Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 50 / 71
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Failure of a surface pipeline would lead to contamination of a limited area, including soil and groundwater. Negligible Low Medium High
Impact Magnitude According to the Regulation on Control of Soil Contamination, it is compulsory to restore contaminated soil. Furthermore, communities can be concerned that spillage from the reinjection system may harm their crops. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Critical failure of the pipeline is unlikely with a good design and good operation practices including system monitoring. Yet it can happen at any time as an out-of-control aspect.
Impact Negligible Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is moderate. High Medium Low Irreversible Reversibility of Receptor In case of temporary discharge into a creek, local community distress would rise. Discharge of geothermal fluid would destroy aquatic life in the surface water. Negligible Minor Medium Major Final Impact Assessment Impact is medium and requires mitigation measures for preventing impacts on soil and groundwater.
Mitigation Measures
Spent geothermal fluids generated during operation will be re-injected to the host rock formation, resulting in minor effluent volumes involving reject waters. Potential contaminants in geothermal effluents will vary according to the mineralogy of the host geological formation, temperature of the geothermal water, and site-specific facility processes (IFC EHS Guidelines for Geothermal Power Generation).
Potential for contamination of groundwater will be minimized by installation of leak-proof well casings in the injection wells to a depth to the geological formation hosting the geothermal reservoir.
In case of failure of reinjection line, system will be shut down. Project Company will develop an effluent management plan to minimize risk of effluent discharges. In the event of emergency discharge of geothermal water to surface waters, geothermal water will be discharged into a retained in a thermal pond, where the temperature of water will drop to allowable limits set by the Water Pollution Control Regulation. The storage pond will be lined and of sufficient size to allow for storage and required cooling to be carried out for the potential duration of the reinjection failure. The impact of any potential failure of the reinjection system within the Project area can be effectively managed through good design, regular monitoring and development of appropriate emergency responses. Given that a critical failure of the pipeline is extremely unlikely and with a well-prepared management and monitoring plan in place, the residual impacts can be assessed as low.
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7.2.4 Impacts of Solid Wastes
Hazardous and non-hazardous solid wastes expected to be generated during the operation stage are domestic solid waste from operation staff, medical waste, packaging wastes, end- of-life tires and waste batteries and accumulators. A Waste Management Plan will be required for the different types of waste as described below.
Domestic Solid Waste
Domestic solid waste in the operation stage is generated as a result of various consumptions of the operation personnel. PDR estimates Daily domestic solid waste generation by personnel around 29 kg.
Domestic solid waste will be collected, transferred, stored and disposed off in compliance with the Waste Management Regulation. The collected waste will be ultimately disposed off by being transferred to the nearest municipal landfill. Furthermore, recyclable waste (i.e. glass, plastics, glass) will be collected separately at source as indicated in Article 5 of the Waste Management Regulation.
Medical Waste
Nearest hospitals will be used for possible injuries and health problems of 25 operation stage personnel. However, as a result of on-site first aid applications for injuries, medical waste will be generated; and they will be collected, transferred, stored and disposed of in compliance with the Medical Waste Control Regulation.
Packaging Waste
Packaging waste generated during the operation stage are composed of recyclable materials such as metal, paper, plastics and glass, which will be collected in separate containers in order to be reintegrated into the economy without being subjected to any chemical or biological process. In addition, compliance with the Packaging Waste Control Regulation will be ensured for their management during the operation stage.
End-of-life Tires
Maintenance of the vehicles to be used during the operation stage will be managed by authorized technical stations. End-of-life tires may occur in case of a mandatory tire change. In such cases, tires will be sent to licensed firms in accordance with the Regulation on the Control of End-of-life Tires.
Waste Batteries and Accumulators
Waste batteries generated during the operation stage will be separately collected in the waste battery containers found at the Project site and periodically will be sent to a Waste Battery Recycling Plant. Compliance will be ensured with the Regulation on the Control of Waste Batteries and Accumulators.
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There will be no accumulator replacement within the construction site. Empty accumulators generated in compulsory cases will be sent to firms to be replaced with full ones as stated in the Regulation on the Control of Waste Batteries and Accumulators.
Waste Oils
Waste oil is generated as a result of maintenance of vehicles and equipment. In case of waste oil generation during an oil change, it will be stored and disposed off in accordance with the Waste Oil Control Regulation. Vehicle maintenance will be conducted periodically on a daily, weekly and monthly basis, and oil leakage will be avoided by using drip pans.
Waste vegetable oil will be generated from the cafeteria, where the food service will be provided for 25 operation personnel; and it will be collected separately to be sent to licensed firms in compliance with the Waste Vegetable Oil Control Regulation.
Mitigation Measures
A Waste Management Plan will be in place in order to mitigate impacts from storage of different streams of waste. The Waste Management Plan will comprise of mitigation measures on the basis of different lines of waste generation, and emergency response measures against possible emergency conditions associated with hazardous wastes particularly.
Table 7-7. Impacts of Waste Generation and Storage at Operation Stage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Impact of waste generation without waste management is direct and negative on soil and groundwater. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is long term.
Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent The extent of impact is local.
Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact will be high if no mitigation measures are taken and direct contact with ground would cause soil and groundwater contamination. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Impacts are likely if no waste management is implemented.
Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Significance of impact is major as lack of waste management practices would cause contamination of soil and groundwater. High Medium Low Irreversible Reversibility of Receptor Soil and groundwater has low reversibility (depending on the contents of waste).
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Negligible Minor Medium Major Final Impact Assessment Impact is major and requires mitigation measures.
Without any mitigation measures, risks of particularly hazardous waste storage would be high. Given the possible impacts, it is significant to implement a well established waste management practices mainly for proper storage of hazardous wastes. With a well established waste management plan, the impact level will be lowered to minor. Hence, it will be necessary to set monitoring procedures for groundwater and soil at critical locations, downstream and upstream of waste storage locations.
7.2.5 Impacts of Storage of Chemicals
During the operation stage; fuels, lubricants and other chemicals may pose risks of soil contamination due to poor storage conditions and practices. The magnitude of potential change in groundwater quality is assessed to be moderate, because the impact would cause a significant change in water chemistry but would be short lived and the impact highly localized. This could impact on water abstraction close to the site for both local residents. The impact of this risk is therefore assessed to be of adverse major significance without mitigation.
Table 7-8. Impacts of Chemicals Storage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Impact of improper chemicals storage is direct and negative on soil and groundwater. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is long term. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Failure of a surface pipeline would lead to contamination of a limited area. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact is high if no mitigation measures are taken as leakages and spills would cause soil and groundwater contamination.
Likelihood of Unlikely Likely Certain Impact Impacts are likely if no measures are taken against soil and groundwater contamination.
Impact Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is major.
Reversibility of High Medium Low Irreversible Receptor Soil and groundwater has low reversibility (depending on the chemicals spilled or leaked).
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment Impact will be major if no mitigations are taken.
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Mitigation Measures
The Project Company will prepare and implement a Hazardous Chemicals Management Plan, supported with a Spill Response Plan. Appropriate containers will be used for segregation and permanent storage of chemicals and fuels on site. Suitable sized storage and well maintained containers with appropriate labelling will be ensured.
With a well established Hazardous Chemicals Management Plan, the impact level will be lowered to minor. It will be necessary to set monitoring procedures for groundwater and soil at critical locations, downstream and upstream of chemicals use and storage locations.
7.2.6 Impacts on Air Quality and Odor Impacts
Major gaseous emissions from geothermal power generation are CO2 and H2S gases. The Site will be required to comply with limits indicated in the Regulation on Control of Industrial
Air Pollution. Release of H2S gases during operation is usually associated with the severe odor in settlements close to geothermal plants. Given the binary process of geothermal power generation, H2S generation will be minimal as compared to other technologies. Still, the Project Company will conduct regular measurement of H2S emissions and commits taking additional measures if measurements indicate high levels of sulfide.
Table 7-9. Odor Impacts During the Operation Stage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Odor impacts on communities are direct and negative, and cumulative.
Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is long-term throughout operation stage. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impact can be regional together with cumulative impacts from other projects in the region. Negligible Low Medium High Impact is medium given that communities in the Area of Influence will have to adapt to the Impact Magnitude exposure to nuisance. Communities are sensitive about the odor issue, as it also gives them an indication for their crops exposed to air pollution caused by geothermal power generation. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of The impact is unlikely as the Project will employ closed-circuit system which will minimize Impact odor emissions, except for temporary odor release at times of maintenance and testing that odor will be emitted.
Impact Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is minor.
Reversibility of Insignificant Low Medium High Receptor Reversibility of impact is high as odor will diminish once the source is closed down.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major
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Assessment Overall impact is negligible and does not require additional mitigation measures.
7.2.7 Environmental Noise Impacts
PDR estimates operation stage noise levels around 30 dBA, which will be insignificant for the nearest settlements.
Table 7-10. Noise Impact of the Operation Stage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Noise impacts on communities are direct and negative and cumulative. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact is long-term throughout operation stage. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impact is local, limited to the settlements in the Area of Influence. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact is low given that communities in the Area of Influence will have to adapt to the exposure to nuisance.
Likelihood of Unlikely Likely Certain Impact The impact is likely.
Impact Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is minor.
Reversibility of Insignificant Low Medium High Receptor Reversibility of impact is high as noise will diminish once the source is closed down.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment Overall impact is negligible and does not require additional mitigation measures.
7.2.8 Climate Change Impacts
Release of non-condensable gases from the geothermal reservoir raises the issue of impacts
that cause climate change. Non-condensable gases are mainly composed of CO2, which has no direct impact on local air quality.
As greenhouse gas (GHG), CO2 is associated with combustion of fossil fuels. The Project will
lead to releases of greenhouse gases. During tests, but mostly during operation, CO2 and
methane (CH4) will be released.
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The worldwide calculations show that the total amount of CO2 avoided by implementing geothermal energy in place of coal prove that a beneficial impact of major significance is gained from geothermal power plants.
It should be recalled that binary power plants retain non-condensable gases in a closed loop system. The thermal water is reinjected after utilizing its heat at the heat exchanger resulting in near-zero emissions during the power production process as the non-condensable gases are never released to the atmosphere. However, if gas separation occurs within the circulation loop, some minor gas extraction and emission is likely. Still, the Project Company
will be analyzing the amount and quality of CO2 gas release during operation and will decide
on a management strategy as to store or dissolve CO2 in the reinjection water.
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8. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Although there have been innovations in national environmental legislation regarding the social aspects within the framework of the European Union adaptation process, the lack of social impact assessment process still continues. Turkish EIA legislation does not cover social environment and only limited its scope to the physical and ecological environment. The social environment topics that are included in national legislation are limited to stakeholder engagement and resettlement processes. Therefore, in order to cover the national gaps, the international financial institutions are taken into a consideration for investment projects to minimize environmental and social risks and take actions in equitable and transparent forms.
This section of the Report assesses the direct and indirect potential socio-economic impacts of the Project. Major social issues subject to assessment are:
• Changes in population • Land-use and land resources, • Local Economy and Employment, • Cultural assets, • Nuisance from noise and odor, • Nuisance from transportation vehicles, • Community health and safety, • Access of employees to labor rights, • Employees health and safety. Both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques were used during social impact assessment. Details of data collection are given below.
Collection of Primary Data
Community level assessments were conducted between 16-20 February 2016 for the purpose of gathering primary data, and include the following:
• 6 focus group meetings held with women and men separately; • 11 in-depth interviews with the government agencies and non-governmental organizations in the district and the province. • Survey with 28 households, and • Survey with mukhtars for community level surveys. Further information regarding the interviews occurred for the scope of the Project can be found in Table 8-1 below.
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Table 8-1. Number of Household Surveys Implemented in the Quarters
Distance to the Project Area of the Settlement Population Number of Surveys Site
Moralı 800 586 13
Uzunkum 600 140 5
Tekin 2000 273 10
Total Number of Surveys: 28
Male and female participants have been separately involved in the focus group discussions so as to examine gender related concerns.
In order to provide a quantitative analysis of the community level and household surveys, “Statistical Package for the Social Sciences” software has been used for data entry.
Secondary Data Collection Techniques
Secondary data was collected and prepared through regional and national statistics, newspaper archives and project documents. Secondary data holds an important role in reaching key stakeholders and project affected people before designing the field study. Information gathered from the secondary data increases the quality of field study and time efficiency during the field study.
Sources of information generally used for the SIA are:
• Data from Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) • Information from Germencik Municipality • Evaluation reports of Non-Governmental Organizations • Project Description Report for the Geothermal Power Project (dated November 2014) • Project Description Reports for the Drillings (May-July 2015) • Environmental Management Plan prepared for the Project • Information on social parameters, gathered during public participation meetings Profile of the communities in the AoI can be seen in Annex-3, based on data collected through field surveys.
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8.1 Population Level
Impacts
Participants of the household survey stated that there has currently been no impacts of the Project regarding the magnitude of population. No impacts are anticipated for the future as well. Considering that employees would be from the local people during drilling works, the total employment for both construction and operation phases is 25 people, which would not account for a considerable population increase.
Focus group participants stated that project staff has contributed positively to the local economy by means of shopping in the quarters in the AoI. Some of the household survey participants from the three quarters expressed their concerns regarding lack of information on environmental and health impacts of the Project. Either based on their experience or misguided information about other geothermal projects in the region, they fear that there would be an increase in environmental pollution and cancer risks.
Table 8-2. Impacts on Population Level
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative
Impact Type Changes in population level can not be attributed directly to the Project, given the economic concerns in general. Based on misguided information at the level of communities, local people may migrate out of the region in order no to face health risks. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact will be long-term or permanent, given that people would not come back once they migrate to other towns and cities. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impact is local, limited to Germencik district. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact would be high if local people migrate and have to adapt to a new location. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Local people would not migrate if they are informed about impacts and measures related with the Project.
Impact Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is moderate. Insignificant Low Medium High Reversibility of Receptor Once communities migrate, it is not likely that they may come back to their current settlements, thereby reversibility would be low. Negligible Minor Medium Major Final Impact Assessment Impact is medium, and efforts are needed for not contributing to an economic displacement and associated population decrease.
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Mitigation Measures
Despite that the Project provides job opportunities for the residents of nearby settlements, it may also speed up the already migrating population on economic terms. The Project Company will perform effective public consultation and stakeholder engagement in order to provide correct and unbiased information on possible environmental and health impacts of the Project as well as the mitigation measures that will be taken. The Project Company will establish a grievance mechanism, which will support the information disclosure process. No residual impacts are anticipated.
8.2 Land Acquisition
Impacts
The range of magnitude of land occupied by drilling stations vary from 0.2 to 0.6 ha area and the power plant will occupy an area of about 1.6 ha. Acquisition for these lands is complete by means of purchasing from land owners except for the well location M8, which has been rented in stead of purchase. The operation license does not require acquisition of the whole license area of about 3000 ha. The required lands for the production and reinjection wells and power plant are presented in the Table 8-3 below:
Table 8-3. Land Purchased for the Project Acivities
Name of Quarter Project Unit Size of Land (m2) Moralı Geothermal Well 42,398.6 Moralı Geothermal Well & Power Plant 16,349.3 Moralı Geothermal Well 8,436.16 Moralı Geothermal Well 58,775.44 Moralı Geothermal Well 9,278.32 Moralı Geothermal Well 5,179.65 Uzunkum Geothermal Well 4,372.92 Moralı Geothermal Well & Power Plant 5,563.00 Uzunkum Geothermal Well 6,360.00 TOTAL 156,713.39
The largest amount of land purchase has been made in Moralı Quarter. Thereby, it can be stated that Moralı is the most affected settlement in terms of land acquisition. Still, it should be noted that the Project Company has paid considerable effort for avoiding prime agriculture lands with high crop yields, hence located the wells and the powerhouse on marginal lands as much as possible. Aboveground piping has also been planned to be laid on borders of farmlands.
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Land purchases have been made on willingness of sellers. During the household surveys, 43% of participants have responded to questions regarding the topic of land acquisition. The majority of feedbacks are from Moralı and Uzunkum quarters. Community members from Tekin did not participate in this section of the survey.
All the participants of the household survey in Moralı Quarter stated their satisfaction for the land acquisition process and experienced no opposition. They assumed that the land acquisition was realized with the high market values and that now they have opportunities for different investments such as buying alternative agricultural lands in the area.
Table 8-4. Impacts of Land Acquisition on Local Communities
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Land acquisition can be considered negative and indirect if former owners of farmlands can not use acquisition payments appropriately, causing economic displacement. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration The impact would be permanent if acquisition payments can not be used for replacing agricultural activity. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impact is local. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact magnitude is rated low as former landowners are stated to have already invested in new farmlands and are now able to adapt with relative ease as presumed.
Likelihood of Unlikely Likely Certain Impact The impact is certain as land is acquired for the purpose of the Project.
Impact Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Significance Significance of impact is minor. Irreversible Low Medium High Reversibility of Given that the lands acquired are not the only income sources of the former owners, and Receptor the high rates of prices paid, reversibility can be considered as medium in terms of economic welfare of former owners.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment Impact is negligible.
Residual Impacts
The land acquisition process was handled by setting prices higher than the market value considering the long-term income from agriculture is lost permanently. It has been stated by the Project Company that majority of the project affected individuals (former landowners) have already purchased new farmlands for investment purposes, with the payments received from land acquisition for the Project. Although no residual impacts are anticipated, it is recommended that the Project Company monitors through engagement with former landowners and local people in general.
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8.3 Local Economy and Employment
Impacts
The most important contributor of the Project to the local economy is the employment provided in drilling works during construction. Currently there are 150 workers at the Site with their ongoing drilling and testing works. 60% of the the workforce is from Germencik. 15 workers are from Moralı Quarter by February 2016. Employees generally work in positions that do not require specific qualifications.
Operation period is planned to have three shifts. Workers from the region will be given priority for employment opportunities.
85% of the participants of the focus group meetings were from Moralı Quarter and stated that they were pleased with the employment opportunities created within the quarter but also that the number should be increased.
Table 8-5. Impacts on Local Economy and Employment
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative
Impact Type Employment opportunities will create a positive impact directly from the Project. All geothermal projects will contribute to increased local employment and may reverse out- migration in cumulative terms. Temporary Short-Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration Impact is long-term. Higher employment opportunities will be possible during construction, and less during operation stage. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impact will provide benefit particularly to Germencik District. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Impact magnitude is positive and medium. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Employment opportunities within the region and the associated improvement of the local economy are certain impacts of the Project.
Impact Insignificant Low Moderate Major Significance Impact will be moderate.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment The Project will contribute to problems of unemployment as a positive impact.
Enhancement Measures
The Project will have a Business Ethics Policy/Good Neighbor Policy that commits the Project to ‘Buy Local’.
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The Project Company will have a Human Resources policy which observes wage standards, working hour regulation, freedom of association and staff encouragement. This policy will be developed by the Project Company to cover local employment and training of local people.
Residual Impacts
Positive impacts will be enhanced with the implementation of the enhancement measures described.
8.4 Cultural Heritage
Impact Definition
There are no cultural assets known at the Project Site that need to be protected with respect to the definitions of the Law on “Conservation of Cultural and Natural Assets” (Law No. 2863, ammended with the Law No. 5226). However, an ancient city called “Magnesia ad Meandrum” is located within the boundaries of Tekin Quarter. Construction stages of all geothermal projects in the region could pose risks of disturbing possible cultural assets.
Table 8-6. Impacts on Cultural Heritage
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Risks related to cultural heritage are direct and negative. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration Issues of chance finds are possible within the construction stage of the Project. Impacts would be permanent if no chance-finds procedures are implemented. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impact extent is local. Negligible Low Medium High
Impact Magnitude Impact magnitude is medium because no designated cultural conservation status exists in within the license area. Yet, the license area is close to Magnesia, which still includes risks of a chance-find. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Impacts on cultural heritage are unlikely given that the license area is not a designated cultural conservation site. Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Impact Significance Impact will be moderate with chance-finds procedures in place.
Reversibility of Irreversible Low Medium High Impact Salvage excavation in case of a chance-find would account for low reversibility.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major Assessment Given the impact magnitude is rated medium.
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Mitigation Measures
The Project Company will ensure that the Chance Find Procedure is effectively applied.
Residual Impacts
With the implementation of a chance finds procedure, the residual impact of the Project is considered to be low.
8.5 Impacts of Transportation
Impacts
Transportation impacts directly related with the Project has been addressed by household survey participants from Uzunkum and Moralı Quarters. Majority of participants from Tekin Quarter assumed that this is a cumulative impact related with the other geothermal projects in the region. According to residents of Tekin; heavy vehicles are damaging the roads and they fear that heavy vehicles may cause closure of narrow roads and that residents may not be able to use roads in the emergency situations. Furthermore, communities are concerned that gaseous emissions and dust from heavy vehicles may cause community health issues and may pose safety issues especially on children.
Table 8-7. Impacts of Project Transportation Activities
Positive Negative Direct Indirect Cumulative Impact Type Traffic load caused by heavy vehicles is a direct and negative impact arising from the Projects are operating in the region. Temporary Short Term Long Term Permanent Impact Duration Since the heavy machineries will be used for the drilling and construction period of the Project, it is going to be a short term impact. Project Area Local Regional National Impact Extent Impacts related to transportation and traffic load is expected to be local. Negligible Low Medium High Impact Magnitude Given the public nuisance expressed during surveys, traffic and transportation are assumed to pose a medium level impact. Unlikely Likely Certain Likelihood of Impact Impacts of transportation operations on community health and safety is unlikely with measures taken. Insignificant Minor Moderate High Impact Significance Level of impact significance is minor. Irreversible Low Medium High Reversibility of Impact Health and safety risks associated with traffic loads from heavy vehicles will disappear once the construction stage is over.
Final Impact Negligible Minor Medium Major
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Assessment Given the short term of impacts, high reversibility and measures taken, the impact is considered negligible.
Mitigation Measures
The Project Company will prepare and implement a site specific Traffic Management Plan so as to adequately manage traffic in the access roads used by communities. In case of disturbing access roads, the Project Company and its contractors will be responsible to improve the roads back to their original status. Communities will be informed about schedules of transportation and also on safety and security measures to be taken at the level of individuals.
The Project will implement an awareness raising information disclosure with local stakeholders regarding the risks related to the movement of heavy vehicles and increased traffic in the area. The main focus of this campaign will be during the construction phase and will focus on local residents and children. It will be implemented in coordination with local community groups such as Mukhtars.
An Emergency Response Plan to be developed for the Project will be inclusive of emergency issues related with traffic safety as well. This will provide details of what will happen in the case of a major traffic related incident and define roles and responsibilities. The plan will also be disclosed as part of the stakeholder engagement activities.
Residual Impacts
Strict health and safety standards will be implemented including traffic management plan to reduce road related accidents. With the implementation of above mitigation measures the residual impact of the Project are considered to be low.
8.6 Community Health and Safety
Impacts
Community health and safety issues are associated with pollution factors that may arise from drilling, construction and operation period of the Project. Local people have expressed their concerns and worries during surveys that the geothermal projects in the region may cause climate change, agricultural activities may be negatively affected from sulfide emissions, grazing lands may shrink due to soil contamination, and that groundwater resources may get polluted. These concerns are mainly rooted in speculative information from other geothermal projects in the region. The most severe impact on communities is raised as the nuisance caused by noise from Project activities. About half of the community members in all three residential areas complain about noise which becomes more disturbing during night time.
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Mitigation Measures
The Project will operate on a closed system and the Project Company will take measures for lowering emissions that cause nuisance.
The Project Company will monitor emissions and noise and take immediate measures where necessary. However, farmers are currently misinformed and misguided by other interest groups toward opposition against the Project by means of unproven and non-scientific information. A well-structured stakeholder engagement will minimize public concerns by clearly explaining the project operations, mitigation measures and possible residual impacts. It is recommended that the stakeholder engagement process can be backed up with cooperation with universities to undertake research studies and monitor interactions between geothermal drilling and crop production. A stakeholder engagement plan is prepared by 2U1K. Please see Annex-4.
8.7 Employment and Labor
Impacts
The Project Company will be responsible for human resources for the drilling, construction and operation periods. Turkey is currently in the middle of a harmonization process with the European Union and labor laws are being reviewed to ensure alignment. The Project will comply with national labor, social security and occupational health and safety laws as well as the principles and standards of ILO convention. Based on the national principles embodied in the ILO convention, the Project Company will take measures by:
• not employing children under the age of 18, • eliminating forced labor and ensuring a Human Resources Policy compatible with the European Convention on Human Rights and the Turkish Constitution, • eliminating discrimination based on language, race, sex, political opinion, philosophical beliefs and religion in the employment relationships, • ensuring workers’ access to the right of collective bargaining (Act of Collective Bargaining Agreement on Trade Unions Act No. 6356 and 4857 Labor Law) • ensuring access to the Project grievance mechanism that is functional effectively
Labor Law (4857) applies to all establishments and to their employers, employees, employer’s representatives and employee representatives, irrespective of the subject matter of their activities. The Project Company is yet to develop a formal grievance procedure for workers although an informal procedure is in place. The Project Company Human Resources Policy will have provisions for age, wages, working hours, disabled employees, non- employee workers (i.e. sub-contractors), health and safety; and workers camps.
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Construction work involves high risk activities with the potential for accidents that may result in injuries and potential fatalities.
Enhancement Measures
Project Company will ensure that its HR Policy will maintain that all workers will have contracts that clearly state the terms and conditions of their employment and their legal rights. Workers will be provided with information including, but not be limited to, entitlement to wages, hours of work, overtime arrangements and overtime compensation, and any benefits (such as leave for illness, maternity / paternity or holiday). All workers will be able to join trade unions of their choice and have the right to collective bargaining. Contracts will be verbally explained to all workers where this is necessary to ensure that workers understand their rights prior to any employment contract to be signed. Wages, benefits and conditions of work offered will be comparable to those offered by equivalent employers in Aydın. Although an informal grievance mechanism is currently in place, the Project and all contractors will put in place a formal worker grievance mechanism.
8.8 Occupational Health and Safety
Specific health and safety issues in geothermal power projects include the potential for exposure to geothermal gases, confined spaces, heat and noise.
Occupational exposure to geothermal gases, mainly hydrogen sulfide gas, may occur during non-routine release of geothermal fluids (for example, pipeline failures) and maintenance work in confined spaces such as pipelines, turbines, and condensers. The significance of the hydrogen sulfide hazard may vary depending on the location and geological formation particular to the facility.
Noise is mainly related to well drilling, steam flashing and venting. Other sources include equipment related to pumping facilities, turbines, and temporary pipe flushing activities. Noise abatement technology includes the use of rock mufflers, sound insulation, and barriers during drilling, in addition to silencers on equipment in the steam processing facility.
Mitigation Measures
Where there is a potential for exposure to hazardous levels of hydrogen sulfide, Project Company will implement measures such as installation of hydrogen sulfide monitoring and warning systems, development of a contingency plan for hydrogen sulfide release events, establishing facility emergency response teams, providing adequate ventilation of occupied buildings to avoid accumulation of hydrogen sulfide gas, development and implementation of a confined space entry program, and providing workers with a fact sheet about the chemical composition of liquid and gaseous phases with an explanation of potential implications for human health and safety.
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In order to mitigate occupational exposure to heat occurring during construction activities as well as operation and maintenance, the Project Company will ensure that time required for work in elevated temperature environments is reduced, drinking water is accessible; surfaces where workers come in close contact with hot equipment are shielded, personal protective equipment (PPE) are used as appropriate, including insulated gloves and shoes; and appropriate safety procedures during the exploratory drilling process are implemented.
An occupational health and safety management plan is in place and includes response measures for the situations of accidents, sabotages, fire and electricity shocks, commutable diseases, hydrogen sulfide releases, well blowouts, earthquake, floods, storms and chemical spills.
Residual Impacts
The overall residual impact on occupational health and safety of the labor force will be minimum when an OHS management system is fully in place and measures are taken.
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9. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
There are several other geothermal power plants in Germencik district of Aydın, such as Kerem GPP (24 MW), Deniz GPP (24 MW), Gümüşköy GPP (13.2 MW), Maren GPP (44 MW), Galip Hoca GPP (47.4 MW), all in operation. There are also other GPPs in neighboring districts of Aydın.
Given that the Project is at construction stage, nuisance of dust and noise are associated with the drilling and construction activities and transportation activities. Such nuisance is considered as low and temporary, limited to the construction period. Hence dust and noise impacts are not considered to pose a cumulative impact along with other project in the district.
Odor caused by hydrogen sulphide from geothermal fluid can be considered to pose a cumulative impact during the operation stage. Continuous monitoring of hydrogen sulphide levels and grievance from communities will be crucial for determining requirements for extended odor control. Technical measures to abate hydrogen sulphide can be designated once the power plant is operational, given that the sulphide content of geothermal fluid is not known. Still, the closed circuit make-up of the Project will accomplish significant abatement of hydrogen sulfide emissions and related odor.
One of the drivers for the Project is clean electricity generation without depleting the resource and minimizing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) associated with combustion of fossil
fuels. Yet, the Project will lead to releases of greenhouse gases, mainly CO2. During
construction, CO2 will be released from combustion sources such as the diesel generators
and the construction plant engines. During tests, but mostly during operation, CO2 and
methane CH4 will be released as non-condensable gases. The impacts of emissions of greenhouse gases are global, hence cumulative. By nature of these emissions, the specific impacts of any single project cannot be easily assigned.
Discharge of geothermal fluids from test drills into the drainage canals that lead to Menderes River is a common practice in other geothermal power plants in the region. Test stage is temporary and the operation stage will employ use of reinjection wells, hence the issue will be mitigated as soon as the operation starts.
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10. E&S Mitigation and Monitoring Plan
10.1 Construction Stage
Monitoring E&S Potential Impacts Mitigation Indicators and Responsible Entity Issues and Risks Measures Frequency Soil contamination Practices of storage Appropriate storage Soil quality for Project Company of chemicals and practices in line with heavy metal and and Contractors fuel containers regulations and best hydrocarbons at practices. critical spots (Quarterly) Soil and Mud pits Bottom lining of Soil and Project Company groundwater mud pits and groundwater quality and Contractors contamination adequate and timely at downstream of closure. mud-pits and critical spots (Quarterly) Soil and Practices of solid Appropriate storage Groundwater quality Project Company groundwater waste storage practices in line with at downstream of and Contractors contamination regulations and best mud-pits and critical practices. spots (Quarterly) Groundwater Chemicals from Appropriate well Groundwater quality Project Company contamination drilling casing measurements and Contractors (Monthly) Surface water Surface water Temperature of Temperature Project Company discharges pollution from effluent to be cooled records at each and Contractors before discharge discharge
H2S emission Temporary odor due Use of gas Ambient monitoring Project Company to H2S release from separators of H2S and Contractors test waters concentrations.
OHS Poisoning from H2S PPE use PPE monitoring Project Company (Daily) and Contractors Emergency Well blowout during Emergency Ambient monitoring Project Company drilling Response Plan of H2S and Contractors concentrations. Community HS Nuisance from Noise control by use Environmental noise Project Company noise and dust of mufflers, etc. measurement at and Contractors Drillings to be receptors. (Monthly stopped at nigh time and upon grievance) Cultural Heritage Possible Chance finds Reporting by Project Company archeological finds procedure archaeologists and Contractors (Quarterly and upon any chance finds)
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10.2 Operation Stage
Monitoring E&S Potential Impacts Mitigation Responsible Indicators and Issues and Risks Measures Entity Frequency Soil contamination Practices of storage Appropriate storage Quarterly sampling Project Company of chemicals and fuel practices in line with and analysis containers regulations and best practices. Soil and Mud pits Bottom lining of Quarterly sampling Project Company groundwater mud pits and and analysis contamination adequate and timely downstream of closure. mud-pits Soil and Hazardous waste Appropriate storage Quarterly sampling Project Company groundwater storage practices in line with and analysis contamination Dangerous chemicals regulations and best downstream of storage practices. storage locations Solid Waste Management Plan Dangerous Chemicals Management Plan (to be prepared) Groundwater use Sustainability of Water level Project Company shallow aquifers - measurements (Monthly) Groundwater Chemicals from Appropriate well Groundwater quality Project Company contamination drilling casing measurements (Monthly) Surface water Surface water Temperature of Temperature Project Company discharges pollution from effluent to be cooled records at each before discharge discharge
H2S release Temporary odor due GHG Management Continuous ambient Project Company to H2S release from Plan (to be H2S level at test waters prepared) sensitive receptors OHS Poisoning from H2S PPE use PPEs (Daily Project Company inspections)
CO2 release Gas release from - CO2 emission level Project Company steam separation at the entry to the power plant, monthly
Odor and Health H2S emission from Health and safety H2S monitoring Project Company and Safety based separation of steam awareness training records on H2S emissions and condensate for communities during dry cooling about risks Development of an emergency preparedness and response plan to be enacted in the event of abnormal operation
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Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Monitoring E&S Potential Impacts Mitigation Responsible Indicators and Issues and Risks Measures Entity Frequency OHS Workers health and OHS System Daily internal Project Company safety risks during including measures inspections well operations for gas poisoning and blow-out measures Population Migration off the Employment Quarterly minutes of Project Company settlements in opportunities, meetings with Germencik Stakeholder communities, engagement, Grievance records Grievance mechanism Community H&S Nuisance from odor Closed system will Continuous Project Company minimize odor monitoring of Odor emissions. from H2S Cultural Heritage Possible Chance Finds Reporting by Project Company archeological finds Procedure archaeologists (Quarterly and upon any chance finds)
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 73 / 71
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ANNEX-1 Photo-Log
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-1
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Photo 1. Agricultural lands
Photo 2. Olive and fig trees
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-1
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Photo 3. Mud pit
Photo 4. Drilling well
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-1
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Photo 5. Mud/Gas Separator Unit
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-1
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Photo 6. Well Drilling
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-1
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ANNEX-2 Test Results
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-2
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 1 / 5 www.segal.com.tr
BEŞTEPELER Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş. Müşterinin adı/ Adresi: Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak 9/10 G.O.P. Customer Name / Address Çankaya / Ankara
Ölçüm Tarihi: 17.03.2016 – 18.03.2016 Measurement Date Proje Adı ve No: PM10 Ölçümü Name and Number of the Project Numunenin Kabul Tarihi: 19.03.2016 Date of Sample Acceptance
BEŞTEPELER Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş.’ e ait Aydın ili, Açıklamalar: Germencik ilçesinde Kurulması Planlanan Kubilay Jeotermal Remarks Santrali Projesi kapsamında 2 noktada 24 saat süre ile PM 10 ölçümleri yapılmıştır.
Deneyin yapıldığı Tarih: 19.03.2016 - 21.03.2016 Date of the Test Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 5 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and /or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
Kamil Erhan CAN Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 2 / 5 www.segal.com.tr
GENEL BİLGİLER
1- GİRİŞ
Kubilay Jeotermal Santrali Projesi kapsamında 2 noktada 24 saatlik PM 10 örneklemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Alınan deney sonucu, sadece ölçüm sırasındaki proses koşullarıyla ilgili olup yapılmış olan ölçümler neticesinde elde edilen sonuçlar 2872 sayılı Çevre Kanunu’nun ilgili hükümleri gereğince 03.07.2009 tarih ve 27277 sayılı Resmi Gazete ’de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe giren Sanayi Kaynaklı Hava Kirliliğinin Kontrolü Yönetmeliği (S.K.H.K.K.Y.) ve 30.03.2010 tarih ve 27537 sayılı Resmi Gazete ’de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe giren Sanayi Kaynaklı Hava Kirliliğinin Kontrolü Yönetmeliğinde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Yönetmelik çerçevesinde değerlendirilerek sadece sınır değerlerle karşılaştırma yapılmış olup bu hazırlanmıştır.
2- TESİS/ İŞLETMENİN HİZMET KONUSU - FAALİYET TÜRÜ
BEŞTEPELER Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş.’ e ait Aydın ili, Germencik ilçesinde Kurulması Planlanan Kubilay Jeotermal Santrali olarak faaliyet gösterecektir.
3- ÖLÇÜM YAPILAN BÖLÜM, ÖLÇÜM PARAMETRELERİ, ÖLÇÜM YÖNTEMİ VE ÖLÇÜM CİHAZI VE SONUÇLARI Tesiste ölçüm yapılan bölümler ve ölçüm parametreleri Tablo-1 ve 2’ de verilmiştir. PM 10 Ölçüm sonuçları ise Tablo-3’de verilmiştir.
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 3 / 5 www.segal.com.tr
Tablo – 1: Ölçüm yapılan bölüm, koordinat ve ölçüm parametresi
Ö513lçüm Ölçüm Yapılan yer GPS Koordinatı Ölçüm Tarihi Yapılan Parametre M10 Nolu Kuyu Yakını 547917 - 4183953 17.03.2016 – 18.03.2016 Toz En Yakın Yerleşim Birimi (PM 10) 547513 – 4185800 (Uzunkum Köyü)
Tesiste ölçüm parametresine göre kullanılan ölçüm yöntemi ve ölçüm cihazı tablo-2 de verilmiştir.
Tablo – 2: Ölçüm parametresine göre ölçüm yöntemleri ve ölçüm cihazı
Ölçüm Parametresi Ölçüm Yöntemi Ölçüm Cihazı Gravimetrik Metotla MCZ Marka LVS 1 Toz Partikül Madde Tayini PM 10 Ortam Havası (TS EN 12341) Örnekleme Cihazı
4- ÖLÇÜM SONUÇLARI
ÖLÇÜM SONUÇLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ İşletmede, emisyon ölçüm yerleri, Bakanlık tarafından onaylanmış standartlara göre, teknik yönden hatasız ve ölçüm için gerekli bağlantıları yapmaya imkan verecek şekilde seçilmiştir. Emisyon ölçümleri, sürekli rejimde çalışır halde ve izne esas olan en büyük yükte yapılmış olup ölçümlerde kullanılan cihazlar ve metotları Türk Standartlarına ve EPA normlarına uygundur.
PM 10 Ölçümleri;
MCZ LVS 1 PM 10 partikül madde ölçüm cihazı ile çapları 10 mikrondan küçük parçacıklar gravimetrik metot ile filtre kağıdı üzerinde TS EN 12341 standardına uygun olarak tutulur. MCZ LVS 1 ölçüm cihazı ise pompa kontrollü, zaman ve hacim ayarlı, elektrik ile çalışan ortamda toz örneklemesinde kullanılan ölçüm cihazıdır.
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 4 / 5 www.segal.com.tr
MCZ LVS 1 ölçüm cihazı kullanırken, örnekleme yapılacak filtre kağıtları, araziye gitmeden önce laboratuarın 20 oC (+-1oC) sıcaklığa ve 50% (+-%5) bağıl neme sahip olduğu koşullarda klima yardımıyla 48 saat boyunca şartlandırılır. Şartlandırılma sonunda filtre kağıtları hassas terazide tartılarak tartım sonuçları kaydedilir, filtre kağıtları araziye gönderilecekleri temiz petri kaplarına yerleştirilir ve örnekleme noktasına götürülür.
Örnekleme cihazları, her türlü hava koşullarında kolayca ulaşılabilecek bir yer olarak seçilen örnekleme noktasına taşınır. Cihaz hava akımını engelleyebilecek herhangi bir engelden en az 30 cm uzaklıkta düzgün bir alana yerleştirilir ve cihaz kullanma talimatında belirtilen şekilde ölçüm ve örnekleme yapılır.
Pompa durdurulduktan sonra filtre kağıdını pens yardımıyla çıkartarak, daha önce içerisinden çıkarılan petri kabına yerleştirip, tartılmak üzere laboratuara gönderilir.
MCZ LVS 1 kullanılan cihazdan elde edilen filtre kağıdı laboratuarda 20 oC (+-1oC) sıcaklığa ve 50% (+- %5) bağıl neme sahip olduğu koşullarda klima yardımıyla 48 saat boyunca şartlandırılıp, hassas terazide tartılarak tartım sonuçları kaydedilir.
PM 10 konsantrasyonu (C) µg/m3 olarak aşağıdaki formül ile hesaplanır:
C = 1000 (M2-M1)/ (V)
M2= Filtre kağıdının deneyden sonraki ağırlığı, (mg)
M1= Filtre kağıdının deneyden önceki ağırlığı, (mg)
V= Çekilen gaz hacmi, (m3)
V = 60 * Qact * t / 1000 t = Zaman, saat
PM 10 ölçümü için çekiş debisi 2,3 m3/h’dir.
Tablo – 3: PM 10 Ölçüm sonuçları Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 5 / 5 www.segal.com.tr
S.K.H.K.K.Y. EK-2.Tb.2.2 PM 10 Ölçüm Sınır değerler (2016) Ölçüm Yapılan Bölüm Sonucu (µg/m3) (µg/m3) KVS UVS
M10 Nolu Kuyu Yakını 32 80 52 En Yakın Yerleşim Birimi 29 (Uzunkum Köyü)
Sanayi Kaynaklı Hava Kirliliğinin Kontrolü Yönetmeliği EK-2. Tb. 2.2 Toz Emisyonları: Ölçüm yapılan noktada mevcut durum çalışması kapsamında yapılan ölçümde, yönetmelikte belirtilen 2016 yılı sınır değerleri sağlamaktadır.
EKLER
Ek 1. MCZ MARKA LVS 1 PM 10 Ortam Havası Örnekleme Cihazı
Ek 2. Ölçüm Hesabında Kullanılan Formüller
Ek 3. Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu Akreditasyon Sertifikası
Ek 4. Ölçüm Fotoğrafları
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 1 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
Müşterinin adı/ Adresi: BEŞTEPELER Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş. Customer Name / Address Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak 9/10 G.O.P. Çankaya / Ankara
Ölçüm Tarihi: 17.03.2016 – 18.03.2016 Measurement Date 19.03.2016 – 20.03.2016 Proje Adı ve No: Gürültü Ölçümü – Name and Number of the Project
BEŞTEPELER Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş.’ e ait Aydın ili, Germencik ilçesinde Kurulması Planlanan Kubilay Jeotermal Açıklamalar: Remarks Santrali Projesi kapsamında En yakın Yerleşim yerinde hafta içi ve hafta sonu olmak üzere 24 saat süre ile gürültü ölçümleri yapılmıştır.
Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 7 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and /or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
Kamil Erhan CAN Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 2 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
GENEL BİLGİLER
1- TESİS/ İŞLETMENİN TİCARİ UNVANI BEŞTEPELER Enerji Üretim Ticaret A.Ş.
2- TESİS / İŞLETMENİN ADRESİ Germencik / AYDIN
3- TESİS/ İŞLETMENİN HİZMET KONUSU - FAALİYET TÜRÜ - FAALİYET SÜRESİ Tesis, Jeotermal Enerji Santrali olarak hizmet verecektir.
4- ÇEVRESEL GÜRÜLTÜ SEVİYESİ HAKKINDA BİLGİLER Proje kapsamında en yakın yerleşim yerinde hafta içi ve hafta sonu olmak üzere 24 saat gürültü ölçümleri yapılmıştır.
Tablo 1: Ölçüm Sonuçları Ölçüm Koordinatları Sıcaklık Nem Rüzgar Hızı Ölçüm Yeri o Noktası X Y ( C) ( % ) ( m/s) En Yakın Yerleşim Yeri 1 547505 4185790 18,0 43 1,5 (Uzunkum Köyü)
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 3 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
Ölçüm Ölçüm Ölçüm Ölçüm Faaliyet Sonucu Sonucu Sonucu Sonucu Saat Tarih alanı Leq Leq Ortalaması Ortalaması (dBA) (dBC) Leq (dBA) Leq (dBC) 07:00-08:00 46,3 61,3 08:00-09:00 59,5 62,8 09:00-10:00 59,5 72,4 10:00-11:00 54,8 76,7 11:00-12:00 41,1 60,9
- 12:00-13:00 42,9 58,9 52.8 67.9 13:00-14:00 40,3 60,0 19:00) (07:00 Gündüz 14:00-15:00 40,9 60,6 15:00-16:00 43,1 58,6
16:00:17:00 39,8 58,9 17:00-18:00 45,4 58,4
Cuma
18:00-19:00 - 42,2 57,4 18.03.2016 19:00-20:00 - 52,9 68,9 Hafta İçi
- 20:00-21:00 53,7 57,3 50.6 64.6 21:00-22:00 Perşembe 41,2 59,3 23:00) Akşam (19:00 17.03.2016 22:00-23:00 42,4 63,6 23:00-00:00 38,3 62,4 00:00-01:00 39,4 63,5 01:00-02:00 44,7 62,9
- 02:00-03:00 39,9 62,4 49,3 63.0 03:00-04:00 37,7 59,3 Gece 07:00) (23:00 04:00-05:00 37,7 59,9 05:00-06:00 40,8 65,2 06:00-07:00 57,8 64,9
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 4 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
Ölçüm Ölçüm Ölçüm Ölçüm Faaliyet Sonucu Sonucu Sonucu Sonucu Saat Tarih alanı Leq Leq Ortalaması Ortalaması (dBA) (dBC) Leq (dBA) Leq (dBC) 07:00-08:00 52,1 68,1 08:00-09:00 52,9 68,0 09:00-10:00 53,6 68,5 10:00-11:00 56,5 69,6 11:00-12:00 52,3 67,8
- 12:00-13:00 54,0 70,8 54.7 69,2 13:00-14:00 54,4 70,3 19:00) (07:00 Gündüz 14:00-15:00 55,5 68,8
15:00-16:00 56,9 71,3 16:00:17:00 54,8 70,6 17:00-18:00 54,8 67,8 Pazar
18:00-19:00 - 55,1 66,6 20.03.2016 19:00-20:00 - 50,7 63,4
- 20:00-21:00 48,8 61,2 Hafta Sonu 49,8 61,8 21:00-22:00 52,3 63,5 Cumartesi 23:00) Akşam (19:00
22:00-23:00 19.03.2016 43,5 55,5 23:00-00:00 45,7 57,6 00:00-01:00 42,1 54,8 01:00-02:00 42,7 54,5
- 02:00-03:00 43,9 55,6 51,3 63.8
Gece 03:00-04:00 56,5 59,7 07:00) (23:00 04:00-05:00 47,7 60,9 05:00-06:00 52,3 67,6 06:00-07:00 54,9 69,8
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 5 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
ÖLÇÜLEN DEĞERLERİN “ÇEVRESEL GÜRÜLTÜNÜN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE YÖNETİMİ YÖNETMELİĞİ” MADDE 23 KAPSAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ Şantiye alanları için çevresel gürültü kriterleri MADDE 23 – (1) Şantiye alanlarından çevreye yayılan gürültü seviyesi ve gürültünün önlenmesine ilişkin kriterler aşağıda belirtilmiştir: a) Şantiye alanındaki faaliyet türlerinden çevreye yayılan gürültü seviyesi Ek-VII’de yer alan Tablo-5’te verilen sınır değerleri aşamaz. b) Konut bölgeleri içinde ve yakın çevresinde gerçekleştirilen şantiye faaliyetleri gündüz zaman dilimi dışında akşam ve gece zaman dilimlerinde sürdürülemez. c) Haftasonu ve resmî tatil günlerinde gerçekleştirilecek şantiye faaliyetlerine, konut bölgeleri ve yakın çevresinden gelen şikayetlerin yoğunluğu dikkate alınarak, İl Mahalli Çevre Kurulu Kararı ile yasaklama getirilebilir. ç) Kamu yararı gerektiren baraj, köprü, tünel, otoyol, şehir içi anayol, toplu konut gibi projelerin inşaat faaliyetleri ile şehir içinde gündüz trafiği engelleyecek inşaat faaliyetleri gündüz zaman diliminde çalışmamak koşuluyla Ek-VII’de yer alan Tablo-5’teki gündüz değerlerinden akşam için 5 dBA, gece için 10 dBA çıkartılarak elde edilen sınır değerlerin sağlanması ve bu kapsamda alınacak İl Mahalli Çevre Kurulu Kararı ile sürdürülebilir. d) Şantiye faaliyeti sonucu oluşabilecek darbe gürültüsü, LCmax gürültü göstergesi cinsinden 100 dBC’yi aşamaz. e) Faaliyet sahibi tarafından şantiye alanında; inşaatın başlama, bitiş tarihleri ve çalışma periyotları ile büyükşehir belediyesi veya il/ilçe belediyesinden alınan izinlere ilişkin bilgiler inşaat alanında herkesin kolayca görebileceği bir tabelada gösterilir. f) Tatil beldelerinde ve turistik alanlarda gerçekleştirilen tüm şantiye faaliyetleri büyükşehir belediyesi ve/veya il/ilçe belediyesinin kararı doğrultusunda hafta sonları veya bir kaç ay süre ile tamamen durdurulabilir
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 6 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
Tablo–5: Şantiye Alanı İçin Çevresel Gürültü Sınır Değerleri
Faaliyet türü (yapım, yıkım ve Lgündüz (dBA) onarım) Bina 70 Yol 75 Diğer kaynaklar 70
En yakın yerleşim biriminde yapılan ölçüm sonuçlarına göre işletme Madde 23. Gereğince istenilen şartları sağlamaktadır.
ÖLÇÜM YÜKSEKLİĞİ Açık alanda yapılan ölçümler yansıtıcı yüzeylerden en az 3,5 metre uzakta, yerden 1,5 metre yükseklikte yapılmıştır.
ÖLÇÜM METODOLOJİSİ Ölçümler; TS ISO 1996-2: 2009 ve TS 9315 ISO 1996-1 standartlarında ve Çevresel Gürültünün Değerlendirilmesi ve Yönetimi Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen prensiplere uygun şekilde yapılmıştır.
ÖLÇÜMLERDE KULLANILAN ÖLÇÜM CİHAZI HAKKINDA BİLGİ Ölçümler; SVANTEK Marka SVAN 971 gürültü ölçme cihazı ile yapılmıştır. Aşağıda cihaz ile ilgili teknik özellikler verilmiştir. Cihaz, yapılan ölçümleri hafızasına otomatik olarak kaydeder. Karanlık ortamlarda aydınlatması kullanılarak ölçüm yapılabilir. Cihaz ile eşdeğer gürültü seviyesi (Leq), ortalama, minimum ve maksimum gürültü seviyeleri hesaplanabilmektedir. Cihazın ölçüm belirsizliği % ± 0,48 ‘dir.
KALİBRASYON METODU, KALİBRASYON SEVİYELERİ, ÖLÇÜM CİHAZININ KALİBRASYON SERTİFİKASI Cihazın ölçüm öncesi kalibrasyonu “SV 30A SN: 22502 Akustik kalibratör” ile 94 dBA ve 114 dBA’ da yapılmıştır. Kalibrasyona ilişkin bilgiler kalibrasyon sertifikasında Ek-4 ve Ek-5’ de sunulmuştur.
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.02 / Rev.02 mail: [email protected] Rev. Tarihi: 23.07.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 7 / 7 www.segal.com.tr
ÖLÇÜMLERİ YAPAN KİŞİ / KURUM / KURULUŞ ADI Ölçüm yapan kişinin (Satılmış DOĞAN) akustik konusundaki bilgi birikimi Ek-1’de, raporu hazırlayan kişinin (Kamil Erhan CAN) akustik konusundaki bilgi birikimi Ek-2’de, Raporu onaylayan kişinin (Fevzi KARAKAYA) akustik konusundaki bilgi birikimi Ek-8’de sunulmuştur.
ÖLÇÜME BAŞLAMADAN VE ÖLÇÜM SIRASINDA YAPILAN AYARLAMALAR Ölçüm öncesi ve sonrası; ölçüm cihazı, “SV 30A SN: 22502 Akustik kalibratör” ile 94 ve 114 dBA’ da kontrol edilmiştir ve cihaz fast moduna getirilerek 1 saat ölçüm yapacak şekilde ayarlanarak 24 saat boyunca ölçüm gerçekleştirilmiştir.
EKLER
Ek – 1 Ölçüm Yapan Kişinin Yetki Belgesi
Ek – 2 Raporu Hazırlayan Kişinin Yetki Belgesi
Ek – 3 Ölçüm fotoğrafları
Ek – 4 Ölçüm Cihazı Kalibrasyon Belgeleri
Ek – 5 Ölçüm Cihazı Kalibratörü Kalibrasyon Belgeleri
Ek – 6 Türk Akreditasyon Kurumu Akreditasyon sertifikası
Ek – 7 Sıcaklık ve Nem cihazı kalibrasyon belgesi
Ek – 8 Raporu Onaylayan Kişinin Yetki Belgesi
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.) SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım : 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mai l: [email protected] R-18774/16 Rev.Tarihi : 20.01.2011 web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 1 / 2 25.02.2016
Müşteri Adı / Adresi: BEŞTEPELER ENERJİ ÜRETİM TİC. A.Ş. Customer Name / Address Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak No:9/10 G.O.P. Çankaya ANKARA
Numuneyi Alan Kurum / Kuruluş: SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı (Satılmış DOĞAN) Sampler Institution / Company Numunenin Adı ve Örnekleme Tarihi: Yeraltı suyu N-20334/16 - 17.02.2016 Name and Sampling Date of the Sample Numunenin Alınış Şekli: Anlık Receipt of the Sample Shape Numuneyi Teslim Eden: Satılmış DOĞAN Deliverer of the Sample (SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı personeli) Proje Adı ve No: P-9876/16 Name and Number of the Project Numunenin Teslim Tarihi: 18.02.2016 Date of Sample Acceptance Numunenin Teslim Koşulları: TS EN ISO 5667-3 standardına uygun olarak plastik ve cam kapta, soğuk Delivery Conditions of the Sample ortamda, kimyasal korumalı, Mühürlü Açıklamalar: Aydın ili Germencik ilçesi "Kubilay Jeotermal Santrali" projesi kapsamında M7 nolu kuyudan (kullanma suyu kuyusu) alınan yeraltı suyu numunesinin Remarks "Yeraltı Sularının Kirlenme ve Bozulmaya Karşı Korunmasına Dair Yönetmelik"e göre analizi
Deneyin Yapıldığı Tarih: 18.02.2016 - 22.02.2016 Date of the Test Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 2 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and/or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
S. Feyza TOKAR Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım : 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mai l: [email protected] R-18774/16 Rev.Tarihi : 20.01.2011 web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 2 / 2 25.02.2016
NUMUNE ADI ve NO: Yeraltı suyu - N-20334/16 Sample Name and Number Parametre - Birim Analiz Sonucu Ölçüm Analiz Metodu Parameter - Unit Test Result Belirsizliği Test Method Uncertainties Amonyum (mg/L) <0,01 % ± 4,06 SM 4500 NH3 B-F Arsenik (mg/L) 0,222 % ± 10,01 EPA 200.7 Civa (mg/L) <0,0005 % ± 11,74 SM 3112 B Fosfat Fosforu (mg/L) 0,319 % ± 13,04 SM 4500 P B E İletkenlik (µS/cm) 2070 % ± 3,34 TS 9748 EN 27888 Kadmiyum (mg/L) 0,001 % ± 4,66 EPA 200.7 Klorür (mg/L) 265 % ± 8,36 SM 4500 Cl- B Kurşun (mg/L) <0,005 % ± 5,28 EPA 200.7 Nitrat (mg/L) 1,05 % ± 8,82 EPA METHOD 352-1 Nitrit (mg/L) 0,023 % ± 9,30 SM 4500 NO2 B Sülfat (mg/L) 272 % ± 13,38 SM 4500 SO4-2 E Tetrakloreten (µg/L) <0,07 % ± 9,60 EPA 5021 A, EPA 8015 D Toplam Fosfor (mg/L) 0,526 % ± 13,04 SM 4500 P B E Toplam Pestisid (mg/L) <0,001 % ± 12,86 EPA 3510 C,EPA 3630 C, EPA 8081 B Trikloreten (µg/L) <0,09 % ± 6,96 EPA 5021 A, EPA 8015 D Numuneler TS EN ISO 5667-3 - Su Kalitesi - Numune Alma - Bölüm 3: Numunelerin Muhafaza ve Taşıma Kuralları çerçevesinde saklanır. Bu süre içerisinde kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve fiziksel açıdan bozulan veya tehlike arz eden numuneler, numune saklama süresinin bitimi beklemeden imha edilir. Çevre Koşulları: X Açık Var Hava Sıcaklığı E 546965 Hava Durumu Yağış 19 ˚C Koordinatlar Kapalı X Yok N 4185572 Görüş ve Yorumlar:
Mühür
İmza
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mail: [email protected] R-18775/16 Rev. Tarihi: 20.01.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 1 / 5 www.segal.com.tr 25.02.2016
Müşterinin adı/ adresi: BEŞTEPELER ENERJİ ÜRETİM TİC. A.Ş. Customer Name / Address Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak No:9/10 G.O.P. Çankaya ANKARA Numuneyi Alan Kurum / Kuruluş SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı (Satılmış DOĞAN) Sampler Institution / Company Numunenin Adı ve Örnekleme Tarihi: Yüzeysel su N-20335/16 - 17.02.2016 Name and Sampling Date of the Sample Numunenin Alınış Şekli: Anlık Receipt of the Sample Shape
Numuneyi Teslim Eden: Satılmış DOĞAN Deliverer of the Sample (SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı personeli) Proje Adı ve No: P-9876/16 Name and Number of the Project Numunenin Kabul Tarihi: 18.02.2016 Date of Sample Acceptance
Numunenin Teslim Koşulları: TS EN ISO 5667-3 standardına uygun olarak plastik ve cam kapta, soğuk Delivery Conditions of the Sample ortamda, kimyasal korumalı, Mühürlü - Korumalı Açıklamalar: Aydın ili Germencik ilçesi M7 nolu kuyu MP taşkını mansabı deşarj noktasından alınan yüzeysel su numunesinin “Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Remarks yönetmeliği” tablo 5 e göre analizi Deneyin yapıldığı Tarih: 18.02.2016 - 23.02.2016 Date of the Test Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 5 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and /or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
Esra UZEL Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mail: [email protected] R-18775/16 Rev. Tarihi: 20.01.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 2 / 5 www.segal.com.tr 25.02.2016
NUMUNE ADI ve NO: Yüzeysel su – N-20335/16 Sample Name and Number
Analiz Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği tablo 5 Parametre-Birim Sonucu Su Kalite Sınıfları Parameter-Unit Test Result I II III IV Sıcaklık (oC) 17,2 ≤25 ≤ 25 ≤ 30 > 30 RES 436 nm 25 ≤1,5 3 4,3 >4,3 Renk (RES) RES 525 nm 0,5 ≤1,2 2,4 3,7 >3,7 RES 620 nm <0,5 ≤0,8 1,7 2,5 >2,5 pH 8,40 6,5-8,5 6,5-8,5 6,0-9,0 <6 veya >9 İletkenlik (µS/cm) 2940 < 400 1000 3000 > 3000 Oksijen doygunluğu (%)b 17,7 >90 70 40 < 40 Çözünmüş Oksijen (mg/L) b 1,69 > 8 6 3 < 3 Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (mg/L) 3700 < 25 50 70 > 70 Biyokimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (mg/L) 1380 < 4 8 20 > 20 Amonyum Azotu (mg/L)c <0,01 < 0,2 1 2 > 2 Nitrat Azotu (mg/L) <0,1 < 5 10 20 > 20 Nitrit Azotu (mg/L) <0,002 < 0,01 0,06 0,12 > 0,3 Toplam Kjeldahl Azotu (mg/L) 13,7 <0,5 1,5 5 > 5 Toplam Fosfor (mg/L) 15,21 < 0,03 0,16 0,65 > 0,65 Alüminyum (mg/L) 10,32 ≤0,3 ≤0,3 1 >1 Arsenik (µg/L) 63 ≤20 50 100 >100 Bakır (µg/L) 70 ≤20 50 200 > 200 Baryum (µg/L) 4600 ≤1000 2000 2000 >2000 Bor (µg/L) 9500 ≤1000 ≤1000 ≤1000 >1000 Cıva (µg/L) <0,5 ≤0,1 0,5 2 > 2 Çinko (µg/L) 390 ≤200 500 2000 > 2000 Demir (µg/L) 7130 ≤300 1000 5000 >5000 Florür (µg/L) <100 ≤1000 1500 2000 >2000 Kadmiyum (µg/L) <1 ≤ 2 5 7 > 7 Kobalt (µg/L) <1 ≤10 20 200 >200 Ölçülmeyecek Krom +6 (µg/L) <20 kadar az 20 50 >50 Krom (toplam) (µg/L) 60 ≤20 50 200 >200 Kurşun (µg/L) <5 ≤10 20 50 > 50 Mangan (µg/L) 151 ≤100 500 3000 >3000 Nikel (µg/L) <5 ≤20 50 200 > 200 Selenyum (µg/L) <5 ≤10 ≤10 20 >20 Serbest Klor (µg/L) <10 ≤10 ≤10 50 >50 Siyanür (toplam) (µg/L) <5 ≤10 50 100 >100 Sülfür (µg/L) <2 ≤2 ≤2 10 >10 Fekal Koliform (KOB/100 mL) 500 ≤10 200 2000 > 2000
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mail: [email protected] R-18775/16 Rev. Tarihi: 20.01.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 3 / 5 www.segal.com.tr 25.02.2016
Analiz Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği tablo 5 Parametre-Birim Sonucu Su Kalite Sınıfları Parameter-Unit Test Result I II III IV Toplam Koliform (KOB/100 mL) 2000 ≤100 20000 100000 > 100000 Yüzer halde yağ, katran gibi sıvı maddeler, Yağ ve Gres (mg/L) 652 çöp ve benzeri katı maddeler ile köpük >3000 bulunamaz b Konsantrasyon veya doygunluk yüzdesi parametrelerinden sadece birisinin sağlanması yeterlidir. c - pH değerine bağlı olarak serbest amonyak azotu konsantrasyonu 0,02 mg NH3 N/L değerini geçmemelidir.
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mail: [email protected] R-18775/16 Rev. Tarihi: 20.01.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 4 / 5 www.segal.com.tr 25.02.2016
Parametre-Birim Ölçüm Belirsizliği Analiz Metodu Parameter-Unit Uncertainties Test Method Sıcaklık (oC) % ± 0,30 SM 2550 B Renk (RES) % ± 5,72 TS EN ISO 7887 pH % ± 3,34 TS EN ISO 10523 İletkenlik (µS/cm) % ± 3,34 TS 9748 EN 27888 Çözünmüş Oksijen (mg/L) % ± 2,58 TS EN ISO 5814 Oksijen Doygunluğu (%) % ± 2,58 TS EN ISO 5814 Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (KOİ) (mg/L) % ± 5,80 SM 5220 B Biyokimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı (BOİ) (mg/L) % ± 5,04 SM 5210 B
Amonyum Azotu (mg/L) % ± 4,06 SM 4500 NH3 B-F
Nitrit Azotu (mg/L) % ± 9,30 SM 4500 NO2 B Nitrat Azotu (mg/L) % ± 8,82 EPA METHOD 352-1
Toplam Kjeldahl Azotu (mg/L) % ± 7,78 SM 4500 Norg B Toplam Fosfor (mg/L) % ± 13,04 SM 4500 P B E Alüminyum (mg/L) % ± 6,86 EPA 200.7 Arsenik (µg/L) % ± 10,01 EPA 200.7 Bakır (µg/L) % ± 13,52 EPA 200.7 Baryum (µg/L) % ± 4,30 EPA 200.7 Bor (µg/L) % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Cıva (µg/L) % ± 11,74 SM 3112 B Çinko (µg/L) % ± 6,24 EPA 200.7 Demir (µg/L) % ± 6,56 EPA 200.7 Florür (µg/L) % ± 6,26 SM 4500 F D Kadmiyum (µg/L) % ± 4,66 EPA 200.7 Kobalt (µg/L) % ± 3,22 EPA 200.7 Krom +6 (µg/L) % ± 11,34 SM 3500 Cr B Krom (toplam) (µg/L) % ± 11,36 SM 3030 D-K, EPA 200.7 Kurşun (µg/L) % ± 5,28 EPA 200.7 Mangan (µg/L) % ± 5,08 EPA 200.7 Nikel (µg/L) % ± 2,32 EPA 200.7 Selenyum (µg/L) % ± 10,18 EPA 200.7 Serbest Klor (µg/L) % ± 10,28 SM 4500 Cl G Siyanür (toplam) (µg/L) % ± 11,12 SM 4500 CN C E Sülfür (µg/L) % ± 5,18 SM 4500 S-2 D Fekal Koliform (KOB/100 mL) % ±14,94 TS EN ISO 9308-1 Toplam Koliform (KOB/100 mL) % ± 9,98 TS EN ISO 9308-1 Yağ Gres (mg/L) % ± 8,66 TS 8312
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) ÇANKAYA-ANKARA İlk Basım: 03.05.2010 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.01 / Rev.01 mail: [email protected] R-18775/16 Rev. Tarihi: 20.01.2011 web: www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi Sayfa 5 / 5 www.segal.com.tr 25.02.2016
“Numuneler TS EN ISO 5667-3 – Su Kalitesi – Numune Alma – Bölüm 3: Numunelerin Muhafaza ve Taşıma Kuralları çerçevesinde saklanır. Bu sure içerisinde kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve fiziksel açıdan bozulan veya tehlike arz eden numuneler, numune saklama süresinin bitimi beklemeden imha edilir.”
Çevre Koşulları: X Açık Var Hava Sıcaklığı E 547728 Hava Durumu Yağış Koordinatlar Kapalı X Yok 20 ºC N 4185642 Görüş ve Yorumlar:
Mühür
İmza
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım: 30.07.2012 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.10 / Rev.00 mai l: [email protected] R-18874/16 Rev. Tarihi: --- web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 1 / 2 01.03.2016
Müşteri Adı / Adresi: BEŞTEPELER ENERJİ ÜRETİM TİC. A.Ş. Customer Name / Address Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak No:9/10 G.O.P. Çankaya ANKARA
Numuneyi Alan Kurum / Kuruluş: SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı (Satılmış DOĞAN) Sampler Institution / Company Numunenin Adı ve Örnekleme Tarihi: Toprak N-20331/16 - 17.02.2016 Name and Sampling Date of the Sample Numunenin Alınış Şekli: Anlık Receipt of the Sample Shape Numuneyi Teslim Eden: Satılmış DOĞAN Deliverer of the Sample (SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı personeli) Proje Adı ve No: P-9876/16 Name and Number of the Project Numunenin Teslim Tarihi: 18.02.2016 Date of Sample Acceptance Numunenin Teslim Koşulları: Plastik kap Mühürlü Delivery Conditions of the Sample Açıklamalar: Aydın ili Germencik ilçesi "Kubilay Jeotermal Santrali" projesi kapsamında M7 nolu kuyu MP (çamur havuzu) taşkından alınan toprak numunesinin Remarks analizi
Deneyin Yapıldığı Tarih: 18.02.2016 - 29.02.2016 Date of the Test Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 2 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and/or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
S. Feyza TOKAR Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım: 30.07.2012 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.10 / Rev.00 mai l: [email protected] R-18874/16 Rev. Tarihi: --- web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 2 / 2 01.03.2016
NUMUNE ADI ve NO: Toprak - N-20331/16 Sample Name and Number Parametre - Birim Analiz Sonucu Ölçüm Analiz Metodu Parameter - Unit Test Result Belirsizliği Test Method Uncertainties *Toplam Organik Halojenler (TOX) (mg/ kg) 209,76 - EPA 9023 Antimon (mg/ kg) <1,25 % ± 5,80 EPA 200.7 Arsenik (mg/ kg) 16,73 % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Bakır (mg/ kg) 17,12 % ± 4,06 EPA 200.7 Baryum (mg/ kg) 48,65 % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Bor (mg/ kg) 28,08 % ± 8,58 EPA 200.7 Civa (mg/ kg) <0,25 % ± 13,06 SM 3112 B Çinko (mg/ kg) 54,81 % ± 6,18 EPA 200.7 Kadmiyum (mg/ kg) <0,25 % ± 6,76 EPA 200.7 Krom (mg/ kg) 97,5 % ± 5,78 EPA 200.7 Kurşun (mg/ kg) 6,73 % ± 7,58 EPA 200.7 Molibden (mg/ kg) <2,5 % ± 9,28 EPA 200.7 Selenyum (mg/ kg) <1,25 % ± 7,84 EPA 200.7 Toplam Petrol Hidrokarbonları (mg/ kg) 215,6 % ± 8,64 TS EN 14039 * İşaretli parametre ESÇEM Enerji Sistemleri'ne yaptırılmıştır
Numuneler TS EN ISO 5667-3 - Su Kalitesi - Numune Alma - Bölüm 3: Numunelerin Muhafaza ve Taşıma Kuralları çerçevesinde saklanır. Bu süre içerisinde kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve fiziksel açıdan bozulan veya tehlike arz eden numuneler, numune saklama süresinin bitimi beklemeden imha edilir. Çevre Koşulları: X Açık Var Hava Sıcaklığı E 546952 Hava Durumu Yağış 18 ˚C Koordinatlar Kapalı X Yok N 4185643 Görüş ve Yorumlar:
Mühür
İmza
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım: 30.07.2012 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.10 / Rev.00 mai l: [email protected] R-18876/16 Rev. Tarihi: --- web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 1 / 2 01.03.2016
Müşteri Adı / Adresi: BEŞTEPELER ENERJİ ÜRETİM TİC. A.Ş. Customer Name / Address Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak No:9/10 G.O.P. Çankaya ANKARA
Numuneyi Alan Kurum / Kuruluş: SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı (Satılmış DOĞAN) Sampler Institution / Company Numunenin Adı ve Örnekleme Tarihi: Toprak N-20333/16 - 17.02.2016 Name and Sampling Date of the Sample Numunenin Alınış Şekli: Anlık Receipt of the Sample Shape Numuneyi Teslim Eden: Satılmış DOĞAN Deliverer of the Sample (SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı personeli) Proje Adı ve No: P-9876/16 Name and Number of the Project Numunenin Teslim Tarihi: 18.02.2016 Date of Sample Acceptance Numunenin Teslim Koşulları: Plastik kap Mühürlü Delivery Conditions of the Sample Açıklamalar: Aydın ili Germencik ilçesi "Kubilay Jeotermal Santrali" projesi kapsamında M6 nolu kuyu kapatılan MP (çamur havuzu) yanından alınan toprak Remarks numunesinin analizi
Deneyin Yapıldığı Tarih: 18.02.2016 - 29.02.2016 Date of the Test Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 2 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and/or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
S. Feyza TOKAR Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım: 30.07.2012 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.10 / Rev.00 mai l: [email protected] R-18876/16 Rev. Tarihi: --- web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 2 / 2 01.03.2016
NUMUNE ADI ve NO: Toprak - N-20333/16 Sample Name and Number Parametre - Birim Analiz Sonucu Ölçüm Analiz Metodu Parameter - Unit Test Result Belirsizliği Test Method Uncertainties *Toplam Organik Halojenler (TOX) (mg/ kg) 165,3 - EPA 9023 Antimon (mg/ kg) 1,53 % ± 5,80 EPA 200.7 Arsenik (mg/ kg) 35,14 % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Bakır (mg/ kg) 38,42 % ± 4,06 EPA 200.7 Baryum (mg/ kg) 139 % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Bor (mg/ kg) 46,53 % ± 8,58 EPA 200.7 Civa (mg/ kg) <0,25 % ± 13,06 SM 3112 B Çinko (mg/ kg) 110,42 % ± 6,18 EPA 200.7 Kadmiyum (mg/ kg) <0,25 % ± 6,76 EPA 200.7 Krom (mg/ kg) 164,29 % ± 5,78 EPA 200.7 Kurşun (mg/ kg) 14,86 % ± 7,58 EPA 200.7 Molibden (mg/ kg) <2,5 % ± 9,28 EPA 200.7 Selenyum (mg/ kg) <1,25 % ± 7,84 EPA 200.7 Toplam Petrol Hidrokarbonları (mg/ kg) 9,46 % ± 8,64 TS EN 14039 * İşaretli parametre ESÇEM Enerji Sistemleri'ne yaptırılmıştır
Numuneler TS EN ISO 5667-3 - Su Kalitesi - Numune Alma - Bölüm 3: Numunelerin Muhafaza ve Taşıma Kuralları çerçevesinde saklanır. Bu süre içerisinde kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve fiziksel açıdan bozulan veya tehlike arz eden numuneler, numune saklama süresinin bitimi beklemeden imha edilir. Çevre Koşulları: X Açık Var Hava Sıcaklığı E 547662 Hava Durumu Yağış 21 ˚C Koordinatlar Kapalı X Yok N 4187991 Görüş ve Yorumlar:
Mühür
İmza
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım: 30.07.2012 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.10 / Rev.00 mai l: [email protected] R-18875/16 Rev. Tarihi: --- web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 1 / 2 01.03.2016
Müşteri Adı / Adresi: BEŞTEPELER ENERJİ ÜRETİM TİC. A.Ş. Customer Name / Address Bayraktar Mahallesi İkizdere Sokak No:9/10 G.O.P. Çankaya ANKARA
Numuneyi Alan Kurum / Kuruluş: SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı (Satılmış DOĞAN) Sampler Institution / Company Numunenin Adı ve Örnekleme Tarihi: Toprak N-20332/16 - 17.02.2016 Name and Sampling Date of the Sample Numunenin Alınış Şekli: Anlık Receipt of the Sample Shape Numuneyi Teslim Eden: Satılmış DOĞAN Deliverer of the Sample (SEGAL Çevre Ölçüm ve Analiz Laboratuarı personeli) Proje Adı ve No: P-9876/16 Name and Number of the Project Numunenin Teslim Tarihi: 18.02.2016 Date of Sample Acceptance Numunenin Teslim Koşulları: Plastik kap Mühürlü Delivery Conditions of the Sample Açıklamalar: Aydın ili Germencik ilçesi "Kubilay Jeotermal Santrali" projesi kapsamında M7 nolu kuyu MP (çamur havuzu) uzağı tarladan alınan toprak numunesinin Remarks analizi
Deneyin Yapıldığı Tarih: 18.02.2016 - 29.02.2016 Date of the Test Raporun Sayfa Sayısı: 2 sayfa Number of the Pages of the Report
Deney ve/veya ölçüm sonuçları, genişletilmiş ölçüm belirsizlikleri ve deney/ölçüm metotları takip eden sayfalarda verilmiştir. The test and/or measurements results, the uncertainties with confidence probability and test methods are given on the following pages which are part of this report.
Raporu Hazırlayan Raporu Onaylayan Prepared by Confirm by
S. Feyza TOKAR Fevzi KARAKAYA Kimyager Laboratuar Müdürü
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
SEGAL ÇEVRE ÖLÇÜM ve ANALİZ LABORATUARI MÜH. MÜŞ. PROJE HİZM.SAN VE TİC.LTD.ŞTİ. Aşağı Öveçler Mah. 1322.Cad (eski 6.cad) No:12/11-12 Çankaya-ANKARA İlk Basım: 30.07.2012 Tel: 0 312 481 83 00 Fax: 0 312 481 83 99 Rapor No RP.10 / Rev.00 mai l: [email protected] R-18875/16 Rev. Tarihi: --- web : www.segalanaliz.com Rapor Tarihi www.segal.com.tr Sayfa 2 / 2 01.03.2016
NUMUNE ADI ve NO: Toprak - N-20332/16 Sample Name and Number Parametre - Birim Analiz Sonucu Ölçüm Analiz Metodu Parameter - Unit Test Result Belirsizliği Test Method Uncertainties *Toplam Organik Halojenler (TOX) (mg/ kg) 188,32 - EPA 9023 Antimon (mg/ kg) <1,25 % ± 5,80 EPA 200.7 Arsenik (mg/ kg) 22,02 % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Bakır (mg/ kg) 21,43 % ± 4,06 EPA 200.7 Baryum (mg/ kg) 44,84 % ± 5,70 EPA 200.7 Bor (mg/ kg) 29,36 % ± 8,58 EPA 200.7 Civa (mg/ kg) <0,25 % ± 13,06 SM 3112 B Çinko (mg/ kg) 55,16 % ± 6,18 EPA 200.7 Kadmiyum (mg/ kg) <0,25 % ± 6,76 EPA 200.7 Krom (mg/ kg) 92,66 % ± 5,78 EPA 200.7 Kurşun (mg/ kg) 7,74 % ± 7,58 EPA 200.7 Molibden (mg/ kg) <2,5 % ± 9,28 EPA 200.7 Selenyum (mg/ kg) <1,25 % ± 7,84 EPA 200.7 Toplam Petrol Hidrokarbonları (mg/ kg) 17,8 % ± 8,64 TS EN 14039 * İşaretli parametre ESÇEM Enerji Sistemleri'ne yaptırılmıştır
Numuneler TS EN ISO 5667-3 - Su Kalitesi - Numune Alma - Bölüm 3: Numunelerin Muhafaza ve Taşıma Kuralları çerçevesinde saklanır. Bu süre içerisinde kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve fiziksel açıdan bozulan veya tehlike arz eden numuneler, numune saklama süresinin bitimi beklemeden imha edilir. Çevre Koşulları: X Açık Var Hava Sıcaklığı E 546996 Hava Durumu Yağış 18 ˚C Koordinatlar Kapalı X Yok N 4185715 Görüş ve Yorumlar:
Mühür
İmza
Bu rapor, laboratuarın yazılı izni olmadan kısmen kopyalanıp çoğaltılamaz. İmzasız ve mühürsüz raporlar geçersizdir. Sonuçlar sadece deneyi yapılan numunelere aittir. (This report shall not be reproduced other than in full except with the permission of the laboratory. Testing reports without signature and seal are not valid. The results belong to the tested sample.)
Ek.3 Ölçüm Fotoğrafları
Ek4. Ölçüm Fotoğrafları
M10 NOLU KUYU
EN YAKIN YERLEŞİM YERİ
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ANNEX-3 Social Profile
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-3
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
HOUSEHOLD PROFILE IN THE PROJECT IMPACT ZONE
Age Groups
The Figure 1 presents the age distribution among AoI. The Number of individuals who are aged between 0-5 are very low, whereas, the highest number of age group within the AoI is ages between 45-49. Tekin Quarter has the highest number of individuals who are aged 70 and over, whereas, Moralı Quarter has the highest number of youth individuals within the AoI.
16
14
12
10 Uzunkum 8 Moralı 6 Tekin 4
2
0 0-5 6-14 15-19 20-34 35-44 45-59 60-70 70+
Figure 1. Age Distribution of Survey Population on the Basis of Quarters
Marital Status Approximately 65% of the population in the AoI is married, whereas, the remaining 31% is single and 7% is widow.
Education
As can be seen from the figures below, the primary school graduates constitutes majority of the community and secondary school graduates are the second most populous group. The highest education levels are observed in Tekin. Detailed education levels of the household members are presented in the Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 below.
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-3
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
0%4%0%4% 8% 4% illiterate
4% 13% primary school student
primary school dropout
21% primary school graduate 34% secondary school student secondary school dropout 8% secondary school graduate
Figure 2. Education Figures of Surveyed Population in Uzunkum Quarter
2% 4% 4% 0% 0% 4% 7% illiterate 2% primary school student
primary school dropout 9% primary school graduate 9% 46% secondary school student
4% 9% secondary school dropout secondary school graduate
Figure 3. Education Figures of Surveyed Population in Moralı Quarter
6%0% 10% illiterate
0% primary school student 9% primary school dropout
16% primary school graduate
47% secondary school student
6% secondary school dropout 0% 6% 0% secondary school graduate
Figure 4. Education Figures of Surveyed Population in Tekin Quarter
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-3
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Employment and Income
According to interviews held at residential areas, the employment condition varies on each quarter. Uzunkum quarter is mostly comprised of unemployed individuals, on the other hand, employed individuals constitute the majority of the population in Moralı quarter. As for the Tekin quarter, retired individuals constitute the majority of the population. Unemployment rate being low in Moralı is thought to be the result of job opportunities provided by the Project. As mentioned before, 15 people from Moralı were employed within the scope of the Project. Details of the employment status of household members are presented in figures below.
Uzunkum
Employed 24% 23% Unemployed
Unpaid family worker
53% Retired
Figure 5. Employment Figures of Uzunkum Quarter
Moralı
23% Employed 43% Unemployed 34% Unpaid family worker Retired 0%
Figure 6. Employment Figures of Moralı Quarter
Tekin
Employed
48% 32% Unemployed Unpaid family worker
Retired 10% 10%
Figure 7. Employment Figures of Tekin Quarter
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-3
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
In terms of secondary source of income, 65% of the households engaged in agricultural production and 32% in animal husbandry. The main agricultural products produced in Uzunkuyu Quarter are corn, figs, cotton, on the other hand, in Moralı Quarter, cotton, olives and fig are considered as the main agricultural products. In terms of Tekin Quarter, figs and olives take the lead of the agricultural production.
Vulnerable Groups
The interviews revealed that vulnerable groups are mostly comprised of individuals with permanent disease and individuals living based on donations. 7 high blood pressure patients, 5 cardiac patients, 5 pulmonary patients and 6 diabetics were identified within the AoI. There are total of 5 individuals determined to live on donations in all three of the quarters. Furthermore, there are total of 10 individuals who are aged 70 and over in the AoI, the majority of elder groups stated to be reside in Tekin Quarter. Last, according to interviews, there are female head of household in Tekin Quarter.
Housing Conditions
The following list presents housing conditions of AoI.
• The majority of the head of households rated their housing conditions in average in terms of comparing to the rest of region. • The average size of houses in AoI is between 50-100 m2. • 97% of the interviewers are owner of the houses and average rent rate is estimated to be 300 TL. • All the houses are stated to be made from stone and brick. • 90% of the houses are connected to municipal water. • 75% of the houses have restrooms within the house. • Septic tanks are being used for the disposal of waste water. • Wood is the main source of heat. • Municipality is responsible for collecting domestic waste Project Information Level
The result of household surveys related to Project information level is presented respectively for each settlements below.
• Uzunkum: 40% of the participants have no information about the Project, whereas, 60% has inadequate information. • Moralı: 38% of the participants have no information about the Project, whereas, 8% has inadequate information and 54% has adequate information. • Tekin: 10% of the participants have no information about the Project, whereas, 80% has inadequate information and 10% has adequate information.
The information given above shows that, there is a serious need of information disclosure regarding the Project. Information level of Moralı is higher than the other settlements and this situation is directly related with the public participation meeting conducted at coffee house, employment opportunities created within the settlement and land acquisition process
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-3
Kubilay GPP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
conducted within the settlement. Respondents recommended following suggestions to raise their level of knowledge regarding the Project. Different expectations of each settlement and suggested grievance mechanism are presented below;
Table 1. Suggested Information Disclosure and Grievance Tools
Name of the Information Disclosure Tool Suggested Grievance Tool Settlement
Uzunkum • Academic personnel should be assigned • Project information office to present brief information regarding the • Grievance box Project. • Phone -line • A website should be established Moralı • An independent consultant team should • Community lesion officer should be conduct public participation meeting. hired. • Brochures and information banners should • Grievance boxes should be placed be prepared and distributed to the in the settlements. settlements. Tekin • Newspapers and other media tools should • Community lesion officer should be be used to publish information about the hired. Project • Grievance boxes should be placed in the settlements • Project authorities should visit the settlement.
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-3
Kubilay GPP Stakeholder Engagement Plan
ANNEX-4 Stakeholder Engagement Plan
Final Report June 2016 Project No: 16/003 Annex-4
KUBILAY GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT PROJECT
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PLAN (SEP)
MARCH, 2016 ANKARA
KUBILAY GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT PROJECT
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PLAN
Prepared by Checked by Approved by Date Version Revision
Günal Ozenirler Elçin Kaya Yasemin Çelikel D. Emre Kaya Environmental Engineer, Sociologist Social Expert Environmental Engineer 2016 M.S.
A.0 Draft
03 March 03
Revision Codes: A: Draft, B: Final Draft, C: Final
Project No: 16/003
March 2016
Client: Consultant:
Söke Yolu Üzeri Gümüş Yeni Köy Yanı Tepe Prime İş ve Yaşam Merkezi Ortaklar - AYDIN /TÜRKİYE Mustafa Kemal Mahallesi Dumlupınar ( +90 (0256) 577 38 39 Bulvarı No:266 C Blok Kat:5 Daire:73 7: +90 (0256) 577 47 48 Çankaya - ANKARA / TÜRKİYE (: +90 (312) 287-2507 7: +90 (312) 295-6200
Kubilay GPP Stakeholder Engagement Plan
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW ...... 1 1.1.1 Geothermal Energy and Turkey ...... 1 1.1.2 Kubilay Geothermal Power Plant ...... 3 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION ...... 4 2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ...... 6 2.1 Turkish Legislation ...... 6 2.2 WB Standards ...... 7 2.3 Gaps between Turkish Legislation and International Guidelines ...... 7 3 PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS ...... 8 3.1 Introduction ...... 8 3.2 Stakeholder Identification and Analysis ...... 8 4 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT APPROACH ...... 10 4.1 Overall Approach ...... 10 4.2 Stakeholder Engagement Tools ...... 11 4.3 Results of Surveys ...... 13 4.3.1 Moralı Quarter ...... 13 4.3.2 Uzunkum Quarter ...... 13 4.3.3 Tekin Quarter ...... 14 4.4 Focus Group Discussions ...... 14 4.5 In-depth Interviews with the Key Stakeholders ...... 16 5 FUTURE STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ...... 18 5.1 Phase 3: ESIA Disclosure ...... 18 5.2 Project Implementation ...... 18 6 GRIEVANCE MECHANISM ...... 20 6.1 Overview ...... 20 6.2 The Grievance Mechanism ...... 20 6.3 Grievance Procedure Channels of Communication ...... 23
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Project Location ...... 5 Figure 6-1 Flowchart for Processing Grievances ...... 22
LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Geothermal Power Plants of Turkey ...... 2 Table 3-1 Connection of Stakeholders to the Project ...... 8 Table 4-1. Stakeholder Engagement Approach ...... 10 Table 4-2 Outputs of FGDs ...... 14 Table 4-3 Outputs of Key Informant Interviews ...... 16 Table 4-4 Participation Levels of about Positive and Negative Impacts of the Project ...... 17
LIST OF ANNEXES ANNEX 1 SAMPLE OF GRIEVANCE CLOSEOUT FORM ...... 24 ANNEX 2 SAMPLE OF GRIEVANCE FORM ...... 25
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ABBREVIATION LIST
CO2 Carbon Dioxide DSI General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (“Devlet Su Isleri”) ESIA Environmental and Social Impact ASsessment ESS Environmetal and Social Standarts FGD Focus Group Discussion GO Grievance Officer GPP Geothermal Power Plant MoENR Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources MoEU The Ministry of Environment and Urbanization NGO Non-Governmental Organization PAP Project Affected People PDoEU Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization PDR Project Description Report PRO Public Relations Officer SEP Stakeholder Engagement Plan SIA Social Impact Assessment
TKB Development Bank of Turkey WB World Bank
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1 INTRODUCTION
This document is the Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) for the ‘Kubilay Geothermal Power Plant Project’ (herein after ‘the Project’). It has been prepared by 2U1K Engineering and Consultancy Inc. on behalf of “Beştepeler Enerji” (the Project Company).
The financing of the Project is planned to be located from the Development Bank of Turkey (TKB) through credit line from the World Bank (WB). Thereby the SEP has been prepared in line with the WB’s Environmental and Social Standard 10 (ESS-10)- Information Disclosure and Stakeholder Engagement. In accordance with the ESS-10, the purpose of the SEP is to to guide the Project Company to:
• build and maintain a constructive relationship with the stakeholders, in particular project-affected communities, • promote improved environmental and social performance through effective engagement with the stakeholders, • promote and provide means for adequate engagement with project-affected communities throughout the project cycle on issues that could potentially affect them and to ensure that meaningful environmental and social information is disclosed to them and to other stakeholders, • ensure that all stakeholders have ways to access project information and raise issues, • ensure that project-affected communities have accessible means to raise issues and grievances, and the Project Company respond to and manage such issues and grievances appropriately.
This SEP includes; (i) the identification of stakeholders for the Project, (ii) analysis of relationships of the stakeholders with the Project, (iii) details of consultation methodologies, (iv) activities carried out to-date and those planned for the future stages of the Project, (v) details of the process for managing stakeholders’ concerns and grievances, and explains how the stakeholder engagement process will be recorded, monitored, evaluated and reported.
This SEP is owned by the Project Company which is committed to and accountable for its implementation.
1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW
1.1.1 Geothermal Energy and Turkey
Geothermal sources are mostly formed around active fault systems and volcanic and magmatic units since the Turkey is situated on the Alps – Himalayas belt, Turkey has high geothermal potential and high temperature above 150° C are being used for the electricity production. In terms of geothermal heat and hot springs potential, Turkey is
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one of the most populous countries in the World. However, in terms of electricity production and installed capacity, Turkey does not use its all potential sources.
According to Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (MoENR) geothermal potential of the Turkey is 31,500 MW. Through the mentioned potentials, 79% of the areas are situated in Western Anatolia, 8,5% in Central Anatolia, 7.5% in the Marmara Region, 4.5% in Eastern Anatolia and 0.5% in other regions.
In terms of geothermal resources, 94% are considered to be low and medium heat, and suitable for direct applications (heating, thermal tourism, the output of minerals, etc.), while 6% are suitable for indirect applications (the generation of electricity energy).
There are total of 21 geothermal energy plants in Turkey, and installed capacity of the plants are 635, 15 MW and these plants consist of approximately 1% of the total energy production. These figures are expected to reach 1,000 MW by the end of 2023. (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, 2013) Detailed information about GPPs of Turkey is given in the Table 1-1 below:
Table 1-1 Geothermal Power Plants of Turkey
Name of the Project Province Project Company Installed Capacity
Efeler Aydın Güriş Holding 115 MW
Kızıldere 2 Denizli Zorlu 80 MW
Pamukören Aydın Çelikler 68 MW
Galip Hoca Aydın Güriş 47 MW
Alaşehir Manisa Zorlu 45 MW
Maren Aydın Kipaş Holding 44 MW
Dora 3 Aydın MB Holding 34 MW
Deniz Aydın Kipaş Holding 24 MW
Ken Kipaş Aydın Kipaş Holding 24 MW
Kerem Aydın Kipaş Holding 24 MW
Türkerler Manisa Türkerler 24 MW
Pamukören 2 Aydın Çelikler 23 MW
Kızıldere Denizli Zorlu 15 MW
Gümüşköy Aydın BM Holding 13 MW
Karkey Umurlu Aydın Karadeniz 12 MW
Dora 2 Aydın MB Holding 9.50 MW
Babadere Çanakkale MTN 8.00 MW
Dora 1 Aydın MB Holding 7.95 MW
Tuzla J Çanakkale Enda 7.50 MW
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Bereket Denizli Bereket 6.85 MW
Tosunlar Denizli Akça 3.81 MW Source: http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/jeotermal/
As it can be seen from the Table 1-1 above, the Province of Aydın has a significant geothermal potential. Aydın provides 70% of the total geothermal energy production of Turkey. Three Projects in Aydın are in the construction phase, two projects received production licenses, and eight Projects received preliminary licenses including Kubilay GPP.
1.1.2 Kubilay Geothermal Power Plant
Beştepeler Energy was established in Germencik District of Aydın Province in 2015 to perform electricity production and distribution activities. As a result of success of drilling works, the facility has reached the level of establishing geothermal power plant (GPP). General features of the Project are presented below;
Capacity of the Project: The total installed capacity of the plant is planned to be 24 MW. The Project aims to produce 150 million kWh of electricity per year.
Construction and Operation Period: Site preparation and construction period of the Project is planned to be completed in 36 months. The operation period of the Project is estimated to be 30 years.
Employment: It is estimated that a maximum of 25 workers will be required for the construction and operation phases of the Project. Production period is planned to have three shifts. Regional workers will have priority for the employment opportunities. By the date of February 2016, 15 community members of Moralı were employed by the Project.
Project Location and Land Allocation: The Project Area located is in the boundaries of Aydın Province of, Germencik District of Moralı Quarter1. Project license area covers an area of 3061.57 hectares. There are total of 10 wells that have been opened in a section of the license area. 6 wells are planned for production and 4 wells for reinjection. The production facility that will convert the hot water into energy planned to be built on an area of 16,410 m2. The Project Company purchased right to use and ownerships of the area reserved for plant and wellhead, therefore no expropriation has been made. There is only one well area that has been rented; and each well covers approximately 0.6 ha on the average. The license area is planned to be used further for
1 In 2013, Act 6360 established metropolitan municipalities in all provinces with a population in excess of 750,000. Formerly incorporating only the urbanized central district and the surrounding urbanized districts of the province in which they existed, the new law incorporates all districts, rural and urban, of the province effectively abolishing the province. Within the districts of the newly created metropolitan municipalities, all existing town municipalities, villages, and rural territory were merged with the district centre municipalities so that all districts became second-tier municipalities and villages became Quarter. Since the official status of the settlements in the impact is Quarter village characteristics have been observed.
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a second stage project. The total license area is estimated to have the potential to produce 75 MW power from its geothermal reserves.
Project Components: Production wells, water transmission lines, reinjection wells and the power plant are the main components of the power plant project. Details are provided below.
Production wells: In the scope of the Project six production wells are planned. Drilling works of M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, have been completed and drilling works of M6 is ongoing. Project Company is also planning a capacity increase and exploration activities are also going on in the licence area in compliance with national legislative requirements.
Water Transmission Line: Steam obtained from the production well, will be transported to the plant with pressure-resistant and heat-insulated pipes. Production and re-injection wells are planned to be connected via about 3000 m water transmission pipes.
Reinjection Wells: Two reinjection wells are planned to ensure the discharge of geothermal fluid by using a closed system that used during production. Depth of reinjection wells are planned to be about 2000 metres.
Power Plant: Predominantly geothermal fluid will be used for the electricity production, given the amount of raw gas, binary system technology will be implemented during the production process. Units are planned to be installed in the scope of the Project are turbine (modular system), generator, compressor and pump unit. By the disposal of geothermal fluid circulation and sustainability of the system will be ensured.
1.2 PROJECT LOCATION
The Project area is located in the Moralı Quarter of the Germencik District of Aydın (see Figure 1-1).
The Uzunkum Quarter is determined as the closest settlement to the Project area and the distance to the nearest well to the settlement is 600 metres. Second closest Quarter to the nearest well is Moralı with the distance of 800 metres and third closest settlement is determined as Tekin with the distance of 2 km. The Figure 1-1 below represents the closest settlements and their distance to the nearest wells.
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Source: GoogleEarth.
Figure 1-1 Project Location
As it can be seen from Google image, the power plant and the wells are located and surrounded by agricultural lands.
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2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
This section outlines the regulatory framework for the Project’s stakeholder engagement activities, namely:
• Turkish EIA Regulation (2014), • World Bank Environmental and Social Standards (2014), • The gaps between Turkish Regulation and World Bank Standards.
2.1 Turkish Legislation
According to the EIA Regulation of 2014 of The Ministry of Environment and Urbanisation (MoEU), an EIA Report is compulsory for geothermal power plants with capacity above MW. However the Project was developed before enforcement of the amended regulation, thereby it is subject to a Project Description Report only (PDR). PDRs were prepared separately for each drilling well and also for the power production. PDRs were approved by Aydın Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization (PDoEU) with the decision that an EIA is not required.
According to the EIA Regulation, a PDR differs from an EIA Report in the context that it does not require public participation meeting and is less detailed in terms of quantification of impacts. Although the Project is not subject to the national EIA requirements, a Public Participation Meeting (PPM) has been conducted in line with the 9th Article of the EIA Regulation.
Box 2-1 Specific Objectives of National EIA Regulation of Turkey (25.11.2014, Article-9)
1) In order to inform the investing public, to get their opinions and suggestions regarding the project; Public Participation Meeting will be accomplished on the date given by Ministry and Ministry qualification given institution / organization and project owners as well as the participants of the project affected community will be expected to attend in a central location determined by the Governor. a) The competency issued institutions / organizations by the Ministry will publish the meeting date, time and place through widely published newspaper at least ten (10) calendar days before the determined date for the PPM. b) Public Participation meeting will be held under the Director of Environment or through Urbanization or authorized chairman. The meeting will inform the public regarding the project, receive views, questions and suggestions. The Director may seek written opinions from the participants. Minutes of meeting will be sent to Ministry, with one copy kept for the Governorship records. 2) Governorship will announce the schedule and contact information regarding for the public opinion and suggestions. Comments received from the public will be submitted to Commission as per the schedule. 3) Members of Commission may review the Project implementation area before the scoping process, also may attend to public participation meeting on the date announced. 4) The competency issued institutions / organizations by the Ministry could provide studies as brochures, surveys and seminars or through internet in order to inform the public before the Public Participation Meeting.
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2.2 WB Standards
Since the WB is a potential lender for the Project, the project must align with good international practice, including the ESS-10 (Information Disclosure and Stakeholder Engagement) of WB 2014. The specific objectives of ESS-10 are outlined in Box-2-1.
Box 2-2 Specific Objectives of WB Regarding Stakeholder Engagement (30.07.2014)
For all projects, Project Company will consult with stakeholders to identify issues and concerns in order to inform the environmental and social assessment and the design and implementation of the project. Disclosure of relevant project information helps stakeholders understand the risks, impacts and opportunities of the project. If communities may be affected by environmental or social impacts from the project, the Borrower will provide them with access to the following information: (a) The purpose, nature and scale of the project; (b) The duration of proposed project activities; (c) Any risks to and potential impacts on communities and proposed mitigation plans; (d) The envisaged stakeholder engagement process, if any, and opportunities and ways in which stakeholders can participate; (e) The time and venue of any envisaged public consultation meetings, and the process by which meetings are notified, summarized, and reported; and (f) The process and means by which grievances are raised and managed. The information will be disclosed in local language(s) and in a manner that is accessible and culturally appropriate, taking into account any specific needs of groups that may be differentially or disproportionately affected by the project because of their status or groups of the population with specific information needs (such as, literacy, gender, differences in language or accessibility of technical information).
2.3 Gaps between Turkish Legislation and International Guidelines
The most prominent topic, which requires further elaboration in Turkish Environmental Legislation, is “Social Impact Assessment (SIA)”. Additional studies and implementations are required in this topic for internationally financed projects to achieve alignment with international standards. For example, Turkish EIA Regulation does not stipulate implementation of detailed socio-economic surveys at Project Site and the establishment of a Grievance Mechanism. However, these are required by international standards. Such differences will be taken into consideration in respective sections in the ESIA Report.
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3 PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS
3.1 Introduction
For the purposes of this SEP, a stakeholder is defined as any individual, organization or group which is potentially affected by the Project or which has an interest in the Project and its impacts. The objective of stakeholder identification is to establish which stakeholders may be directly or indirectly affected – either positively or negatively - (“affected parties”), or have an interest in the Project (“other interested parties”).
It is important that particular effort is made to identify any disadvantaged and vulnerable stakeholders who may be differentially or disproportionately affected by the Project or who may have difficulty participating in the engagement and development processes. Stakeholder identification is also an on-going process and will require regular review and update.
3.2 Stakeholder Identification and Analysis
In order to develop an effective SEP, it has been necessary to determine exactly who the stakeholders are and understand their priorities and objectives in relation to the Project. By classifying stakeholders, it has been possible to develop a plan that is tailored to the needs of different stakeholder groups. Different issues are likely to concern different stakeholders and so different types of stakeholders have been grouped based upon their relations to the Project. Having an understanding of the relations of a stakeholder group to the Project helps identify the key objectives of any engagement. Table 3-1 illustrates how each stakeholder is connected to the Project.
Table 3-1 Connection of Stakeholders to the Project
Stakeholder Type Stakeholder Groups Affected Interested Party Party Local Communities
• Muktars of; Moralı, Uzunkum, Tekin Quarters • Residents of Moralı, Uzunkum, Tekin Quarters √ • Project workers Government
• MoE • Ministry of Labour and Social Security Aydın PDoEU • √ • Governorship of Aydın • Germencik District Directorate of Agriculture • District Governorate of Germencik Local Administrations
• The Metropolitan Municipality of Aydın √
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Stakeholder Type Stakeholder Groups Affected Interested Party Party • Germencik Municipality Project Employees NGOs
• Germencik Chamber of Agriculture • Germencik Craftsman's Association • Germencik Olive and Olive Oil Cooperatives Tariş Fig Agriculture Sales Cooperatives Union • √ √ • Ortaklar Olive and Olive Oil Cooperatives • Ortaklar Craftsman's Association • Ortaklar Agricultural Credit Cooperatives • Ortaklar Tradesmen and Craftsmen Credit Cooperatives Academics • University of Aydin Geothermal Research Centre √ √ Private Sector Magnesköy Thermal Hotel • √ √ • Other Projects in the Region
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4 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT APPROACH
4.1 Overall Approach
The Project will maintain on-going engagement with the national authorities, affected stakeholders and other interested parties to ensure that they are informed about the Project’s progress, that they receive information on the environmental and social performance, that they can provide feedback on the effectiveness of any mitigation and management measures and that they have the opportunity to raise any concerns or grievances.
Engagement has been, and will continue to be, undertaken in four successive phases, based upon typical project planning and implementation phases. These phases and the key activities conducted or to be conducted during the engagement process, are detailed in Table 4-1.
Table 4-1. Stakeholder Engagement Approach
Phase Objectives Key Activities
• To introduce the Project to the • Collection of secondary data and affected and interested stakeholders. analysis of the data to identify key
• To identify key stakeholders to be stakeholders • Holding meetings with community Initial consulted. • To generate feedback on the scope, leaders (Mukhtars) approach and key issues for the • Public participation meeting was ESIA. organized during the PDR stage Engagement Phase 1: 1: Phase • To generate feedback on the Project Introduction Files
• To introduce the Project where • Semi-structured interviews with Mukhtars;
necessary. • To inform and validate the baseline • In-depth interviews with selected key data through semi-structured stakeholders interviews and questionnaires • Household questionnaires; • To generate feedback on Project • Focus Group Discussions with activities and have specific selected stakeholders discussions regarding potential impacts and proposed mitigation/enhancement and Impact Assessment monitoring measures. • To manage local expectations, concerns and any misconceptions.
Phase 2: 2: Phase • To enable stakeholders to input into the Project design and management plans
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• To make the final ESIA available to On completion of the disclosure and all interested and affected comment period, the ESIA Report will be stakeholders. updated to reflect the results of
• Project design and management consultation and comments will be fed plans into the future work on detailed design and construction of the Project. The Final ESIA and its appendices will able published on the Project Website. Website: will be established Address: Söke yolu üzeri Gümüşyeniköy yanı Germencik / Aydın Phase 3: IA Disclosure IA 3: Phase Tel: +90 256 577 38 39 Fax: +90 256 577 47 48 Mail: [email protected]
• To ensure all affected and interested • Project updates and progress
stakeholders are informed about information will be made available to project progress and have the all affected and interested opportunity to raise any concerns or stakeholders via Mukhtars’ offices grievances. and other public places and on the • To receive feedback on the Project website. effectiveness of mitigation and • On-going maintenance and availability of the Grievance Implementation
Phase 4:Project 4:Project Phase management measures. • To manage grievances. Procedure to be carried out.
4.2 Stakeholder Engagement Tools
A range of tools were used and will continue to be used for the stakeholder engagement as part of this Project. These include community meetings, focus groups, community level questionnaires, leaflets, posters and key informant discussions. Stakeholder engagement will continue using these employed mechanisms as required ensuring efficient and effective engagement throughout the life of the project.
Specific methods will vary across different stakeholder groups and stakeholder engagement with vulnerable and minority groups will use specifically designed mechanisms, as needed. Vulnerable groups in the context of this project include: people who live with the assistance of others, female-headed households, the physically disabled and the mentally disabled.
Project representatives will be present at key community engagement and information sharing events to demonstrate company commitment to stakeholder engagement, to build relationships and to answer any questions. Information will be presented that is culturally appropriate and easy to understand, using graphics and maps, wherever possible.
In order to ensure that the Project reaches all stakeholders, the Project will utilize a range of different communication tools. These are described in more detail below.
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Project Brochures
A brochure for the Project will be developed. It will include detailed information about the Project. It will also outline the environmental and social impact assessment process and provide contact information (email, phone, postal address and fax) for the Public Relations Department of the Project Company for any grievances.
Project Website
A project website will be established. It will contain detailed description of the Project and information about the drilling works, construction of power plant and water pipe and operation process. ESIA report and SEP documents will also be disclosed at the website of the Project. The website will include, digital grievance tools.
Grievance Mechanism
A grievance mechanism will be developed which will allow stakeholders to raise concerns or complaints personally as well as via post or electronic mail. The procedure seeks to address concerns promptly and be readily accessible to all affected stakeholders. The project team will confirm receipt of a complaint within 7 days and find a resolution within 14 days, confirming this in writing to the complainant. A separate formal grievance mechanism will also be developed for those employed in the Project.
Public Relations Officer (PRO)
In order to maintain regular communication with affected communities, a Public Relations Officer (PRO) has been hired. The PROs will be responsible for identifying, informing and recording public views and opinions and for relaying them to the necessary person for follow up (as detailed in the grievance mechanism in Section-7). Contact details for this office are:
• Name: Hakan Dinç • Address: Söke yolu üzeri Gümüşyeniköy yanı Germencik / Aydın • Tel: +90 256 577 38 39 • Fax: +90 256 577 47 48 • Mail: [email protected] Public Participation Meeting
The “Public Participation Meeting” was conducted on June 5, 2015 at the coffeehouse of Moralı Quarter. An announcement was published 3 days before the date of the meeting. The local (Finans Denge) newspaper was used for the announcement which advertised the date of meeting, time, place, and subject of the meeting. Totally twenty- seven people attended to the meeting. Information has given about the investment, and the company officials and the ESIA team made presentations. Ideas and suggestions were taken about the project.
The main concerns of the community members about the Project are listed below;
- Possible impacts of the Project on agricultural lands,
- Possible impacts of CO2,
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- Employment opportunities, especially for young and female population, - General information about the wells - Noise impacts of the Project
Community Level and Household Surveys
With the Community Level and Household Surveys, primary data collection has been obtained to focus on the community level assessment in terms of describing environmental and social aspects of the Project. The aim of the primary data collection was the gathering qualitative and quantitative information from the primary and stakeholders such as Mukhtars and affected people. The summary of the surveys are provided in the below sections. Details of the surveys will be presented in the ESIA report.
4.3 Results of Surveys
4.3.1 Moralı Quarter
According to information gathered from the community level surveys, total population of the settlement is 586, the number of the households are 164 and average household size is determined as 3.5. The main income generating activities of the majority of the population are; agriculture and animal husbandry and main agricultural productions are; cotton, wheat, corn, olives and figs.
According to information gathered from the Mukhtar, majority of the community are familiar with the Project. However, community members are not satisfied with the level of information provided to them. General perspective of the Mukhtar related with the Project is assessed positive as a result of employment opportunities and prices paid for their lands. However, it is assumed that the environmental impacts such as odour creates complaints related with the Project.
4.3.2 Uzunkum Quarter
Referring to community level survey, total population of the settlement is 140, the number of the household is 40 and the average household size is determined as 3,5. Mukhtar stated that, population of the Quarter decreased due to lack of income sources. Animal husbandry and agriculture constitutes the main income source of the population and wheat, corn, cotton are the main agricultural products.
According to the interview with the Mukhtar, majority of the community is familiar with the Project. However, community members are not satisfied with the level of information they are provided. General perspective of the Mukhtar related with the Project is assessed negative as a result of environmental impacts of the Project such as odour, noise and mud of drilling works.
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4.3.3 Tekin Quarter
As Mukhtar of Tekin indicated, total population of Quarter is 273, the number of household is 106 and average household size of the settlement is 2,5. The settlement is nonhomogeneous in terms of ethnic groups, approximately half of the population is Alevi and half of the population is Muhajir. Animal husbandry and agriculture constitutes the main income source of the population, and wheat, corn, cotton are the main agricultural products.
According to information gathered from the Mukhtar majority of the community are familiar with the Project. However, information level of the community members is not adequate. General perspective of the Mukhtar related with the Project is assessed neutral. However, other projects located close to the settlement created a prejudgement for geothermal projects.
4.4 Focus Group Discussions
FGD provides to engage specific sections of the community that might require special attention in consultation, e.g. female, young population, vulnerable people. FGD is an effective way to collect together people from similar experiences to discuss a specific interest related with the Project. In February 2016, 6 FGDs disaggregated according to community, gender with affected communities in 3 villages. Outputs of FGDs are presented in Table 4-2 below;
Table 4-2 Outputs of FGDs
MORALI QUARTER Female Meeting Male Meeting Project Information Project Information - 25 female living in the Quarter are - Male population of Quarter assumed that employed in the company of Taris information disclose of the Project is not - Young people living in the Quarter are adequate employed by Project; as a result of this - Community members expect an situation female group has information. information meeting which explains However, they assumed that this Project impacts in detail information is not adequate. - Community members have concerns - There is demand for a special briefing for related with grievance mechanism. female groups - 30-40 community members attended to - Complaints are considered to be collected the protest against to Geothermal Projects by the Mukhtar in Germencik. Impacts and Comments Impacts and Comments - There is a concern related with the Project - The community members have concerns that may create occupational diseases on with land allocation. They indicated that employed population people sell their agricultural lands because - The community members are satisfied by of land acquisition concerns. the land allocation in terms of land prices - There should be an information meeting especially to the farmers that explains Project activities damage agricultural products impacts of the Project on agricultural time to time but it is being compensated by the products. Project Company - Testing activities are polluting the
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Menderes River. - Big vehicles are damaging roads and traffic load of the vehicles creates security weakness. Community members have bias opinions related with GPPs since the previous Project experiences created negative impacts UZUNKUM QUARTER Female Meeting Male Meeting Project Information Project Information - According to information indicated from - The group stated that the population of the the meeting, all females of the settlement settlement do not have detailed are unpaid family worker information of the Project - There is demand for a special briefing for Impacts and Comments female groups - Project created negative impacts on - They suggested free phone line number agricultural products for grievances - Testing water damaged fishes Impacts and Comments - Testing process creates odour problem - Testing process of the wells is polluting - Mud problem occurred as a result of the Menderes River drilling works - Menderes River is being used for the animals and polluted River may damage - Pipes of state hydraulic works (DSI) their health pollutes as a result of discharging of testing water Especially during the night noise impact of the Project is sensible - There is a concern of pollution of groundwater There is a concern related with earthquake TEKİN QUARTER Female Meeting Male Meeting Project Information Project Information - Project Company should organize a - Environmental Impact of Kubilay GPP will Project Introduction Meeting be minimum when it compared with the - The population of the Quarter is planning other Projects. to resist GPP in the area - State hydraulic works should not give permission of discharging of testing water Impacts and Comments to the channels. - The main concern related with GPP is - The other Projects around the settlement discharging of testing water created high environmental problems - Traffic load increased due to Project and it - Legal process has been started related creates safety problems especially with with other GPPs. the children Impacts and Comments - Project Company should monitor project - The settlement is located in the middle of workers about speed limits three GPPs and as a result of this - There is a concern related with population situation complaints are high when it decrease due to extensive GPPs. compared with the other Quarters. - An independent organization such as - Especially land allocation processes of University should provide information those Projects creates security impact and about the Project unknown people are visiting the settlement There is a concern of pollution of groundwater - Agricultural products especially the quality and production level of fig has been decreased. - Project Companies are not providing health information regarding to impacts.
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- Turkish Medical Association organized a meeting at the coffeehouse and they provided information about relation between cancer and GPP. - Government should establish a monitoring mechanism for GPPs GPPs will create visual pollution, especially Water pipes and cultural heritage located in the village will lose value (Magnesia Ancient City)
4.5 In-depth Interviews with the Key Stakeholders
Key informant interviews are a common data collection technique during the stakeholder engagement process since the key informants are well informed on their community and its inhabitants as a result of their professional background, leadership responsibilities or personal experience, key informants have specific knowledge or expertise about some aspects of the emergency, the area, the community, a specific sector or a sensitive issue. Typically, a key informant represents a non-governmental institution and academy. The Table 4-3 summarizes the information level and comments of local interviewees.
Table 4-3 Outputs of Key Informant Interviews
Information Information Cooperation Comments and Name of The Institution Level Tool Level Suggestions Aydın University Adequate Project Inadequate Academic projects workers and meetings Germencik Chamber of Adequate Project Adequate Environmental Agriculture workers and Awareness and Municipality academic meetings related with impacts of the project Germencik Craftsman's Inadequate Municipality Inadequate - Association and Chamber of Agriculture Germencik Olive and Inadequate Project Inadequate - Olive Oil Cooperatives workers Municipality of Inadequate Project Inadequate Cooperation with Germencik workers other companies, Information tools should be accessible Magnesköy Thermal Inadequate Project Inadequate Information Hotel workers Disclosure Tariş Fig Agriculture Adequate Non- Inadequate Conflict of Interest, Sales Cooperatives Governmental information tools Union Organizations should be accessible
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Information Information Cooperation Comments and Name of The Institution Level Tool Level Suggestions Ortaklar Olive and Olive Inadequate Media and Inadequate Information Oil Cooperatives Internet Disclosure Ortaklar Craftsman's Inadequate Project Inadequate Information Association workers inadequate Disclosure and Public participation meeting Ortaklar Agricultural Inadequate Media and Adequate - Credit Cooperatives Internet Ortaklar Tradesmen Inadequate Internet Inadequate Information And Craftsmen Credit Disclosure and Cooperatives Cooperation during the recruitment process
• As can be seen from the Table 4-3 above majority of the institutions indicated that they do not have adequate information regarding to Project. • Most of the interviewees assumed that main information tools are Project workers, internet and media. • 70% of the institutions stated that cooperation level is not adequate and mainly information meetings are suggested
Main Impacts and participation levels of the interviews related with the potential impacts of the Project are presented in the Table 4-4 below:
Table 4-4 Participation Levels of about Positive and Negative Impacts of the Project
Impact & Concern & Expectation Participation Level (%) Damage on Nature 80 Stakeholder Engagement will be provided 63 Positive impact on national economy 91 Positive impact on regional economy 72 Employment opportunity 60 air pollution, noise, moisture 60
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5 FUTURE STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
This section describes the stakeholder engagement planned for the Project during Impact Assessment (IA) disclosure, and then during construction and operation.
5.1 Phase 3: ESIA Disclosure
Disclosure of the Draft ESIA Report will provide detailed information about the Project activities, assessment of the impacts and the planned mitigation measures and monitoring activities. After submitting the Draft ESIA Report to the lenders, it will be advertised and made available for public review. According to ESS-10
“The Borrower will tailor its consultation process to any specific language preferences of the project-affected communities, their decision-making process, and the needs of disadvantaged or vulnerable groups. The Borrower will inform those who have participated in the public consultation process in a timely manner of the final decision on the project, associated environmental and social mitigation measures and any benefits of the project for the local communities, along with reasons and considerations on which the decision is based, and the grievance or complaint mechanism or process available.” Display venues would be expected to include:
• The Germencik Municipality; • Moralı, Uzunkum and Tekin Quarters; • Local government and • The Project office. A community meeting will be held to disclose the ESIA. Electronic copies of the Draft ESIA Report will be made available on CDs/memory sticks and a Non-Technical Summary of the Draft ESIA Report with its appendices will be distributed to select stakeholders registered on the database. Copies of the Draft ESIA Report will also be made available for download from the Project website.
Directly affected stakeholders will be informed about the disclosure process by phone and a letter will be sent to key stakeholders. The purpose of this letter will be to inform stakeholders about the disclosure. The project team will answer questions from the public and stakeholders. The Public Relations officer of the Project will be responsible for receiving and collecting all comments. All received comments will be fed into the ESIA finalization process and the Final Report will be posted on the Project website.
5.2 Project Implementation
Stakeholder engagement will continue throughout design finalization, construction and operation. Key stakeholders will be kept informed about the progress of the Project, have the opportunity to provide feedback on the effectiveness of mitigation and
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enhancement measures and to raise any concerns or grievances. Information to be shared before construction commences will include (but is not limited to) the following:
• the impacts that have been identified as a result of the Project, • the impacts and mitigation or enhancement measures that are being implemented, • the implementation schedule, • roles and responsibilities, • monitoring and management measures, and • information on the grievance mechanism for the Project. Implementation phase engagement will focus on new stakeholders, including children and potential and existing employees, as well as those engaged at earlier phases; it will focus on developing relationships thorough on-going stakeholder engagement and will be designed to build on positive stakeholder relationships established during the ESIA process, carrying these forward through Project construction and operation.
To ensure effective stakeholder engagement, the SEP will be reviewed annually by the PRO throughout construction and operation of the Project, with it being adapted as appropriate. Project’s public relations team will be responsible for engagement with stakeholders as an on-going process throughout the life of the Project. This department will be dedicated to conveying information about the Project, finalizing, and implementing the ESIA mitigation measures.
A robust grievance mechanism for workers in both construction and operation stages will be developed by the Project Company before commencement of either activity. Once finalized, this process will be managed separately from the public grievance mechanism, but employees will retain their right to access the public grievance mechanism for non-employment-related issues.
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6 GRIEVANCE MECHANISM
6.1 Overview
Grievances can be an indication of growing stakeholder concerns (real and perceived) and can escalate if not identified and resolved. Identifying and responding to grievances supports the development of positive relationships between projects, communities and other stakeholders.
A grievance management process will be established for the Project. This will provide a formal and on-going avenue for stakeholders to engage with the Project. This grievance mechanism will be accessible to all sections of the affected community, at no cost and will not impede access to other judicial or administrative remedies. Affected communities will be repeatedly informed about the grievance process over the course of community engagement activities.
Stakeholders will be able to share their opinions and grievances via a range of options such as web sites, letters and face to face meetings during all future phases of the Project. Feedback will also be provided to demonstrate how their comments and suggestions have been incorporated into the Project decision-making process in the second public participation meeting and this process will be continue in all phases of the Project. A separate grievance mechanism will be established for Project workers.
Grievance procedures will be coordinated through the nominated Grievance Officer who will feed the grievances through to the Project Company’s PRO, who is the primary interface between the community and the Project Company. Confidentiality procedures will be put in place to protect the complainant, as appropriate.
The grievance mechanism will be advertised and announced to affected stakeholders so that they are aware of the process, know they have the right to submit a grievance and understand how the mechanism will work and how their grievance will be addressed. In most cases, a grievance or complaint will be submitted by a stakeholder or local resident by phone, in writing or by speaking with one of the company’s PROs.
6.2 The Grievance Mechanism
There are 10 steps that complete the grievance mechanism. This process has been summarized in Figure 7.1, and has been detailed in the text below.
Step 1: Identification of grievance through personal communication with appropriately trained and advertised Project Company workers (GOs/PROs). This could be in person, by phone, letter, or email using the contact details below:
• Name: Hakan Dinç • Address: Söke yolu üzeri Gümüşyeniköy yanı Germencik / Aydın • Tel: +90 256 577 38 39
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• Fax: +90 256 577 47 48 • Mail: [email protected] Step 2: Grievance is recorded in the ‘Grievance Log’ (paper and electronic) within one day of identification. The grievance log will be held at the Project Company’s offices and managed by the PRO. The significance of the grievance will then be assessed within five to seven days using the criteria outlined in Box 7-1.
Box 6-1 Significance criteria
Level 1 Complaint: A complaint that is isolated or ‘one-off’ (within a given reporting period - one year) and essentially local in nature. Note: Some one-off complaints may be significant enough to be assessed as a Level 3 complaint e.g., when a national or international law is broken (see Level 3). Level 2 Complaint: A complaint that is widespread and repeated (e.g., dust from construction vehicles). Level 3 Complaint: A one-off complaint, or one which is widespread and/or repeated that, in addition, has resulted in a serious breach of the Project Company’s policies or National law and/or has led to negative national/international media attention, or is judged to have the potential to generate negative comment from the media or other key stakeholders (e.g., inadequate waste management).
Step 3: Grievance is acknowledged through a personal meeting, phone call, or letter as appropriate, within a target of 10-14 working days after submission. If the grievance is not well understood or if additional information is required, clarification will be sought from the complainant during this step. Step 4: The Grievance Officer is notified of Level 1, 2 or 3 grievances and the Project Manager/Director is notified of all Level 3 grievances. The senior management will, as appropriate, support the Grievance Officer in deciding who should deal with the grievance, and determine whether additional support for the response is necessary.
Step 5: The GO delegates the grievance within five to seven days via e-mail to relevant department(s)/personnel to ensure an effective response is developed (e.g., HR, relevant administrative departments, contractors etc.)
Step 6: A response is developed by the delegated team and Grievance Officer within 14 days, with input from senior management and others, as necessary.
Step 7: The response is signed-off by the senior manager for level 3 grievances and the Grievance Officer for Level 2 and Level 1 grievances within 14 days. The sign-off may be a signature on the grievance log or an e-mail which indicates agreement, which should be filed by the Grievance Officer and referred to in the grievance log.
Step 8: Communication of the response should be carefully coordinated. The Grievance Officer ensures that an approach to communicating the response is agreed and implemented.
Step 9: Record the response of the complainant to help assess whether the grievance is closed or whether further action is needed. The Grievance Officer should use appropriate communication channels, most likely telephone or a face to face meetings, to confirm
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whether the complainant has understood and is satisfied with the response. The complainant’s response should be recorded in the grievance log.
Step 10: Close the grievance with a sign-off from the Grievance Officer. The Grievance Officer assesses whether a grievance can be closed or whether further attention is required. If further attention is required the Grievance Officer should return to Step 2 to re-assess the grievance. Once the Grievance Officer has assessed whether the grievance can be closed, he/she will sign off or seek agreement from the Project Manager for level 3 grievances, to approve closure of the grievance. The agreement may be a signature on the grievance log or an equivalent e-mail, which will be filed by the Grievance Officer and referred to in the grievance log. In additional, a “Grievance Closeout Form” will be used. (See: Annex 1-1). This process is outlined in Figure 6-1.
Figure 6-1 Flowchart for Processing Grievances
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6.3 Grievance Procedure Channels of Communication
Numerous channels will be used for stakeholders to submit any complaints and requests:
• Telephone – All incoming calls will be registered and information summarized daily and sent to the relevant department for processing and action in accordance with the grievance procedure outlined above. • Electronic channels – Stakeholders have the opportunity to send comments, remarks, requests and complaints via the official website of the Project Company. • Post – Mail can be used by stakeholders for submission of their queries/requests/complaints/comments for consideration by the PRO. All incoming letters will be documented and stored as well as the responses sent to the originating party in accordance with the grievance procedure outlined above. • Name: Hakan Dinç • Address: Söke yolu üzeri Gümüşyeniköy yanı Germencik / Aydın • Any queries/requests/complaints/comments can be brought to the attention of the Project Company verbally or written (e-mail) or by filling in a Grievance Form which will be available in the project site office (See Annex 1-2).
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ANNEX 1 SAMPLE OF GRIEVANCE CLOSEOUT FORM Note: you can remain anonymous if you prefer or request not to disclose your identity to the third parties without your consent Grievance closeout number:
Define immediate action required:
Define long term action required (if necessary):
Compensation Required? [ ] YES [ ] NO
CONTROL OF THE REMEDIATE ACTION AND THE DECISION
Stages of the Remediate Action Deadline and Responsible Institutions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
COMPENSATION AND FINAL STAGES
This part will be filled and signed by the complainant after s/he receives the compensation fees and his/her complaint has been remediated.
Notes:
Name-Surname and Signature
Date…./…../…..
Of the Complainant: Representative of the Responsible Institution/Company Title-Name-Surname and Signature
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ANNEX 2 SAMPLE OF GRIEVANCE FORM Note: you can remain anonymous if you prefer or request not to disclose your identity to the third parties without your consent.
Reference No
Full Name
Please mark how you wish to be ¨ By Post: Please provide mailing address contacted (mail, telephone, e- …………………………………………………….. mail). ……………………………………………………..
¨ By telephone:………………………………….
¨ By e-mail:………………………………………
Province/Town/Settlement
Date
Category of the Grievance
1. On assets/properties impacted by the project
2. On infrastructure
3. On decrease or complete loss of sources of income
4. On environmental issues (like pollution)
5. On employment
6. On traffic, transportation and other risks
7. On land allocation
8. Other (Please specify):
Description of the Grievance What did happen? When did it happen? Where did it happen? What is the result of the problem?
What would you like to see happen to resolve the problem?
Signature: Date
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