ANALYSIS: BASELINE ASSESSMENT IN TURKEY APRIL - JULY 2018 INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION FOR MIGRATION (IOM) Photo: Muse Mohammed/IOM 2016 Contact: DTM Turkey [email protected] migration.iom.int/europe @globaldtm 1 MIGRANTS’ PRESENCE MONITORING IN TURKEY BASELINE ASSESSMENT ROUND II APRIL - JUNE 2018 • Background • Province Based • AĞRI • KAHRAMANMARAŞ Analysis • AKSARAY • KIRKLARELİ • Methodology • AYDIN • SAKARYA • Coverage • ÇANAKKALE • TRABZON CONTENT • Key Findings • ISPARTA • YALOVA About DTM’s Baseline Assessment Baseline 1, the initial phase of province-based is recorded along with the figures and arrival date baseline assessment of DTM, was conducted for each nationality individually. As for the final in 10 selected provinces (Çanakkale, Yalova, part; the informant’s gender, contact information, Trabzon, Isparta, Ağrı, Aksaray, Kırklareli, Aydın, and type (i.e. religious leader, NGO worker, Kahramanmaraş, and Sakarya) of Turkey, from community leader, mukhtar, etc.) are processed the southeast to the northwest, in April 2018. herein based on his/her consent. Concurrently, Baseline 2 phase was performed in April-June 2018 in the same 10 provinces The baseline data collection provides valuable 5,339 interviews with key informants were with the involvement of 10 team leaders and 10 insight for tracking changes in mobility; and enumerators. identifying the migrant’s category and figures conducted between 1 April and 1 June 2018 including estimated figures for irregular migrants. Data collection phase of baseline assessment It has been designed to track migrants’ presence is carried out based on the assessment form in in Turkey, create a database of the same, and for Baseline 1 and Baseline 2. In Baseline 1 assessment reporting. This assessment aims to compile the form, the researcher, research site and date are data on migrants’ presence in Turkey and present first noted. Afterwards, the following are recorded the obtained information for the use of Turkish under migrant’s categories along with respective Government and humanitarian aid organizations. figures for the assessment provinces: persons under temporary protection, residence permit Migrants’ Presence Assessment is coordinated holders, asylum applicants, irregular migrants, and with the Directorate General of Migration work permit holders. Management in the areas of data sharing, field staff trainings, capacity-building, analysis, and For Baseline 2 assessment form, neighbourhood/ reporting. village level details and interview date are first processed. In second part, informants are asked about the migrants’ presence in village borders and their statements are noted in the relevant field. In third part, in case of migrants’ presence, it BASELINE 2 JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER BASELINE 1 2 1 MIGRANTS’ PRESENCE MONITORING IN TURKEY MIGRANTS’ PRESENCE MONITORING IN TURKEY BASELINE ASSESSMENT ROUND II BASELINE ASSESSMENT ROUND II APRIL - JUNE 2018 APRIL - JUNE 2018 BACKGROUND METHODOLOGY Syrian 90.8% Syrian Iraqi Afghani Iranian Pakistani Somalian British Azerbaijani Georgian Russian 3,9 Millon Top 4 Afghani 4.3% Migrant and Nationalities Iraqi 3.6% Iranian 0.9% Refugee Other 0.4% Population Top 10 Nationalities in Baseline 2 Turkey with its geopolitical location on the Turkey plays a key role as a transit country for the DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX Baseline 1, the initial phase of province-based route from the Middle East to Europe and open migrants heading towards EU countries. According baseline assessment of DTM, was conducted conflicts continuing in its neighbouring countries to the estimations for 2016 around 390,432 The Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) is in 10 selected provinces (Çanakkale, Yalova, (Syria, Iraq and Iran) remains for years under high migrants and refugees, majority of them Syrian IOM’s information management system used Trabzon, Isparta, Ağrı, Aksaray, Kırklareli, Aydın, migratory pressure. moved to EU countries through the sea and land to track and monitor population displacement Kahramanmaraş, and Sakarya) of Turkey, from borders and another 186,768 were in 2017.** during crises. Composed of a variety of tools the southeast to the northwest, in April 2018. Especially with the Syrian crisis in its seventh In addition, statistics of Turkish Coast Guard and processes, the DTM regularly captures and Concurrently, Baseline 2 phase was performed year, millions of Syrians continue to be in need shows around 91,611 irregular migrants counted processes multi-layered data and disseminates a in April-June 2018 in the same 10 provinces and displaced inside Syria and in the neighbouring in their interventions during 2015 (stopped wide array of information products that facilitate with the involvement of 10 team leaders and 10 countries. Turkey is the main neighbouring country attempts for crossing to Greece), another 37,130 a better understanding of the evolving needs of a enumerators. with Syria hosting near 3,6 million registered in 2016 and 21,937 in 2017. The Turkish Coast displaced population, be on-site or en route. Syrians with granted temporary protection Guard reports 4,250 incidents between 2015 – Key informants are primarily and mostly status in all provinces in Turkey. Of these, June 2018 where 562 fatalities were recorded BASELINE ASSESSMENT neighbourhood mukhtars. This is mainly due 214,618 reside in 19 camps across South East on seas. According to the Turkish Directorate to the fact that the smallest administrative Baseline assessment consists of two phases: Turkey and the remaining live outside of camps. General for Migration Management 616,270 units in Turkish administrative system, i.e. Baseline 1 and Baseline 2. Baseline 1 assessment Of the 3,4 million living outside of camps, the irregular migrants were recorded between 2005- neighbourhoods, are under the responsibility of includes collecting official data accessed, at majority is spread across the border provinces, June 2018. In comparison to the 2015 figures mukhtars. Moreover, interviews were made with provincial and sub-provincial level, in coordination predominately in Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, Hatay (146,485), there is also an increase of 16% in the different institutions and persons for increasing with Directorate General of Migration and Kilis provinces as well as larger provinces number of irregular migrants in 2016 (174,466) data reliability and corroboration. The criteria of Management (DGMM). Baseline 2 assessment, such as İstanbul, Ankara and Bursa. In addition and 18% to those of 2017 (175,752). In addition, having information and awareness regarding the on the other hand, consists of data collection on there are more than 360,000 asylum applicants as of June 2018, 119,567 irregular migrants and migration population of the relevant province or migrants’ presence at neighbourhood and village and refugees of different nationalities. Another 2,585 migrant smugglers have been recorded.*** neighbourhood must be fulfilled while selecting distinct category of migrants in Turkey are holders level. These data are obtained from the interviews key informants. The mentioned key informants of residence permits (based on work, education or IOM Migrants’ Presence Monitoring Programme with mukhtars and other key informants, the local include NGO/Humanitarian Aid workers, migrant humanitarian residency) counting over 700,000. (MPM) is coordinated jointly with the Turkish authorities in neighbourhoods (urban) and villages community leaders, opinion leaders, health In total, through existing systems, there are Directorate General for Migration Management (rural) which are acknowledged as the smallest professionals, religious leaders, teachers, traders/ 3,9 million migrants and refugees of different (DGMM) which is the national leading agency administrative units in Turkey. Baseline 2 collects shopkeepers, local administrative units, social categories that are recorded in the country.* dealing with migration issues in Turkey. MPM data including the number of migrants and their workers, hotel/motel owners, etc. Programme activities are based on methodology countries of origin. As a final phase, such data are As a consequence of enhanced border control and operational implementation of IOM`s compared to those obtained in Baseline 1 in order The interviews were generally conducted in along the EU land borders with Turkey (Bulgaria- Displacement tracking Matrix (DTM) model. to achieve analytical results. In this assessment, the offices of mukhtars, who are considered as Turkey and Greece-Turkey) the main migration provincial, sub-provincial and neighbourhood- primary sources of the baseline assessment. In flows have been displaced on the Eastern village units with local authorities are taken into addition, interviews were made in the offices Mediterranean Sea route in 2015 and 2016. With account as administrative division units. and workplaces of other informants mentioned the length of sea borders of approx. 6,500 km, above. Public places were also visited to make direct observations with a view to supporting the interviews. * http://migration.iom.int/docs/Sitrep_Turkey_June_2018.pdf ** http://migration.iom.int/europe/ *** http://migration.iom.int/docs/Sitrep_Turkey_Q2_June_2018.pdf 2 3 MIGRANTS’ PRESENCE MONITORING IN TURKEY MIGRANTS’ PRESENCE MONITORING IN TURKEY BASELINE ASSESSMENT ROUND II BASELINE ASSESSMENT ROUND II APRIL - JUNE 2018 APRIL - JUNE 2018 COVERAGE The interviews with key informants are preplanned this report at provincial level. MPM Round II