LET’S EMBRACE SPACE
Progress of Earth observation in China
Gao Zhihai National Remote Sensing Center of China (NRSCC) Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry
China-EU research thematic event, European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 1 ShanghaiEnterprise World and Industry Expo, 2 July 2010 1. Overview of Earth observation satellites in China
q Meteorological Satellite
Polar Orbit FY-1 A, B, C, D, FY-3A 5
Geo-stationary FY-2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E 5 q Marine Satellite HY-1A, 1B 2 q Resource Satellite ( CBERS 01, 02, 02B) 10 q Environment and disaster Satellite HJ-1A, 1B 2 q Scientific experiment Satellites 15 q Spacecraft SZ –1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 6
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 2 Enterprise and Industry 2. Meteorological Satellites - FY Series - Polar-orbiting Geostationary Series series FY The Chinese FY | meteorological 1st | 1st Gen. 2A 1A satellite is named Gen. 1B ‘Fengyun’, the Wind 2B 1C and Cloud in Chinese 2C 1D pinyin. The odd 2D number series is the 2E polar-orbiting, the FY even number is the | geo-stationary. The 3A satellites in a series are FY 3B labeled in alphabetic | 3C 2nd order according to the launching sequence in nd 4 3H Gen. time. 2 Gen.
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 3 Enterprise and Industry FY-1 Series Satellites
Satellite Launch End of Status Chronologyservice FY-1A 7 Sep 16 Oct inactive 1988 1988 FY-1B 3 Sep 5 Aug inactive 1990 1991 FY-1C 10 May 26 April inactive 1999 2004 FY-1D 15 May expected operational 2002 • 2010 First image of FY-1C
Sand storm monitoring with FY-1D data
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 4 Enterprise and Industry FY-2 Series Satellites
Satellite Launch End of Status service
FY-2A 10 Jun 08 April deorbited 1997 1998
FY-2B 25 Jun Sept. 2004 deorbited 2000
FY-2C 19 Oct Expected Standby 2004 •2009
FY-2D 15 Nov Expected • operational 2006 2011
FY-2E 23 Dec Expected • Operational 2008 2013
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 5 Enterprise and Industry Currently, there are three FY-2 geo-stationary spacecrafts (FY- 2C/D/E) in orbit. Jointly, the FY-2D and 2E provide east-west coverage from 26.5o E-165oE, o o overlapping in 45 E-146.5 E FY-2D FY-2E B: 86.5ºE A: 105ºE
One hour image loop Half hour image loop 15 min image loop
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 6 Enterprise and Industry Hourly Rainfall Estimate of Tropical Cyclone Morakot with FY-2C Data, August 8 -9, 2009
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 7 Enterprise and Industry Examples – Drought in Yunnan, China (2009-2010)
Drought hazard maps based on FY-2C/D data, Yunnan, China (Source: National Disaster Reduction Center of China, NDRCC•
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 8 Enterprise and Industry Main Spectral Parameters of FY3 Payloads The Mission of FY-3 Series • Global sounding capability To obtain three- dimensional thermal structure and water vapor distribution of the atmosphere, cloud and other parameters, to support NMC global Sand & Dust Storm Monitoring with FY -3 NWP Sand and dust weather on 15 March 2009 in North The sand and dust weather monitored by China area, part of Shanxi, Hebei, and Beijing, FY-3 satellite over Iraq, Saudi Arabia, • Global imaging capability Tianjin, east of Shandong shrouded by dusts. Kuwait, Iran, and Persian Gulf. To monitor severe weather, hydrological and meteorological disasters and biosphere environment, provide information for climate observations • Data collection and transmission capability
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 9 Enterprise and Industry 200908 Tropical Cyclone “MORAKOT” / FY-3A Image
MORAKOT was formed midnight August 4 in the west Pacific Ocean •It swept across Taiwan island and pounded on Xiapu County of Fujian province 16:20pm August 9 with strong force. The wind speed 33 m/s•low pressure 970 hPa•It turned north and gradually reduced its force into a low pressure.
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 10 Enterprise and Industry Fengyun Program for the Future
2012FY-3PM1 2013FY-4A (TEST) 2011FY-3AM1 2012FY-2G 2010FY-2F 2013FY-3RM (TEST)
2010FY-3B (TEST) 2014FY-3AM2 Tentative Schedule for Future FY Series 2008FY-2E 2006FY-2D 2015FY-4EAST1
2015FY-3PM2 2008FY-3A (TES T) 2016FY-4WEST1 2017FY-4MS (TEST) 2020 2018FY-3PM3 FY-4MS 2019FY-3RM 2016FY-3RM1 2 2017FY-3AM3
2020 2019 Interferometer FY-4WEST2 FY-4EAST2
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 11 Enterprise and Industry 3. Marine Satellite
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 12 Enterprise and Industry European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 13 Enterprise and Industry European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 14 Enterprise and Industry European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 15 Enterprise and Industry European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 16 Enterprise and Industry European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 17 Enterprise and Industry Marine Satellite
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 18 Enterprise and Industry 4. Earth Resources Satellites - CBERS
CBERS: China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite. It is jointly developed by China and Brazil .
• CBRES-01: 1999-10-14 • CBRES-02: 2003-10-21 • CBERS-02B: 2007-9-19 • CBERS-03: 2009 • CBERS-04: 2011 • CBERS-05/06: in demonstration
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 19 Enterprise and Industry CBERS-01/02/02B • Orbit: sun-synchronous recurrent and frozen orbit • Mean altitude: 778km • Inclination angle: 98.5° • Local time (descending node): 10:30 AM • Orbital period: 100.26 minutes • Repeat cycle: 26 days • Revolution per day: 14+9/26 • Inter-track distance: – Equator: 107.44km – 20 °: 100.96km • Time interval between adjacent track: 3 days
CBERS-02B payloads
CBERS-02B HR image of 2008 Olympic Games stadiums
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 20 Enterprise and Industry Mosaic image of Qinghai-Tibet Railway with 3D scenes of CBERS-02 CCD image
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 21 Enterprise and Industry Applications: Land Use Mapping
CBERS-02 CCD image can satisfy the needs of 1:50,000 and 1:100,000 mapping. Land use classification precision comes up to 83.8%.
CBERS-02 image of Land use classification result of Langfang City Langfang City
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 22 Enterprise and Industry 5. Small satellite constellation for environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting
HJ-1A and HJ-1B were launched on Sep. 6, 2008.
Beijing-1 Small Satellite
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 23 Enterprise and Industry Introduction of HJ - 1A&1B v It is the first satellite constellation designed specifically for environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting in China. v On Sep. 6, 2008• China launched two optical satellites named HJ-1-A and HJ-1-B separately. A SAR small satellite will be launched in 2011. The final object is to realize a plan of a constellation consisting of four optical satellites and four SAR satellites.
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 24 Enterprise and Industry HJ - 1A&1B Characters Ground Widt Other Sensor Spectrum ••m• Resolution h(km) Features • Three-type payloads: •m•
wide-Coverage CCD 0.43-0.52 Wide- Cameras, Infrared coverage 0.52-0.60 30 •720 Camera and Hyper CCD 0.63-0.69 Camera Spectral Imager. 0.76-0.90 average spectrum • Constellation Orbit: Sun resolution Hyper 0.45- rate• Sidewise Synchronization Orbit Spectral 0.95• 100 50 5nm angle•±30° Imager m spectrums• • Revisit Period: 48 hours 100-128
(small optical satellites 0.75-1.10 150 •near infrared and middle Infrared 1.55-1.75 infrared• 720 Camera 3.50-3.90 300 (thermal 10.5-12.5 infrared)
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 25 Enterprise and Industry Earthquake Disaster Evaluation with HJ-1A/B CCD Image
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 26 Enterprise and Industry Planning of HJ-1 Constellation
Currently two optical satellites of the "2 +1" phase is in orbit, and small SAR satellite will be launched in 2011, the "2 +1" constellation will be formally established. In next four-five years, with the follow-satellites be launched, the constellation will realize the "4 +4" satellites in orbit.
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 27 Enterprise and Industry Beijing-1 Small Satellite System
Orbit•• 686km OnboardOnboard ExpandingExpanding Weight••166.4kg thethe SatelliteSatellite StorageStorage CapacityCapacity Sensor-1• GSD 32m 16 GB at the time of launch Swath 600km to 240 GB in operation, Spec.• MSI the storage capacity was Spec. Bands: 520-620 nm increased by 15 times 630-690nm Data transmission rate was also increased from 20Mbps to 760-900 nm 40Mbps Sensor-2• GSD• 4m Greatly enhanced the Swath• 24km data capture capability of the Spec.• PAN satellite
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 28 Enterprise and Industry Applications of Beijing-1
Services for more •• 43 Nations than 140 Industry •• •••• Departments •• •• •• Europe• America• •••• 400 Projects Africa ••
Provided 410 million square km of image for customers
Disaster Land Agriculture Forest Water Ocean Survey Communication
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 29 Enterprise and Industry Wenchuan Earthquake
Disaster interpretation Disaster analysis
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 30 Enterprise and Industry 6. DRAGON Programme Objectives of Dragon Programme • Dragon 1 programme covering periods 2004 • Promote the exploitation of ESA, TPM and Chinese EO data – 2008, 16 joint § for science and application development project teams. • Stimulate scientific exchange § by the formation of joint Sino-European • Dragon 2 programme teams covering period 2008- • Publish co-authored results 2012, 25 joint project § at the mid term stage & end of the teams. programme • Provide training to European and Chinese scientists § for exploiting ESA, TPM and Chinese EO data in land, ocean and atmospheric applications
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 31 Enterprise and Industry European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 32 Enterprise and Industry 7. Conclusions
(1) China has made great progress in earth observation satellites and their applications in recent 30 years. (2) EOS applications in China are helpful for the economic construction and the improvement of living quality efficiently. In fact, comprehensive earth observation system is essential for societal and economic development for all nations. (3) Chinese Earth Observation system will continue to be an important component of the GEOSS and make more contributions to the international and global services.
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 33 Enterprise and Industry Thank you!
European Commission Progress of Earth observation in China | 2010-07-02 | 34 Enterprise and Industry