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An Early St'at'imcets-Chinook Jargon Bilingual' Text 1 Introduction 1 2 About the Newspaper
"Fox and Cayooty": an early St'at'imcets-Chinook Jargon bilingual' text Henry Davis and David Robertson University of British Columbia and CHINOOK List This paper contains a transliteration (from the original Duployan shorthand) and . translation of an early bilingual St'at'imcets-Chinook Jargon text, with accompanying historical, orthographical and grammatical notes. The story was first published in 1892 in the Kamloops Wawa newspaper by the oblate priest J-M.R. Le Jeune; it thus counts as one of the earliest texts in either language. 1 Introduction 1 It is well known to the student of Salishan languages and cultures that before the time of Franz Boas, extremely few coherent texts, as opposed to relatively numerous fragmentary word-lists, of northwest Native American languages were collected and published. The nascent modern disciplines of anthropology and linguistics demanded such documentation. However, another force besides science played a considerable role in the earliest recordings of indigenous languages of this region: The activities of Christian missionaries, which led to work allowing in some cases (viz. Joseph Giorda, S1's 1871 dictionary of Kalispel) an excellent view of historical stages in the lives of these languages otherwise lost to us.2 An example of the same phenomenon is available to us also in the Kamloops Wawa newspaper published by Oblate father J.-M.R. Le Jeune from 1891 to about 19043, primarily in the Chinook Jargon, of which it is an extensive and often overlooked document. In volume 2, Issue 47 of Kamloops Wawa, dated October 16 [sic], 18924, we find under the English heading "Recreative" the following: Kopa Pavilion ilihi nsaika tlap ukuk hloima syisim kopa Lilwat wawa[:] Fox and Cayooty.~. -
Linguistics 181: SENĆOŦEN Fall 2010 Leonard and Werle 3 Handout 2
Linguistics 181: SENĆOŦEN Fall 2010 Leonard and Werle Handout 2: Language families of British Columbia Terminology ‣ language : a natural system of human communication that includes sounds, words, and rules for combining these to express a variety of meanings. ‣ native language , first language : a language that one speaks from a very young age. ‣ indigenous , aboriginal : these terms refer to people or languages that live in or are associated with a particular place, are the first or among the first to be associated with that place, and have historical and cultural roots from that place. ‣ dialect : a regional or social variety of a language. Everyone speaks a dialect! ‣ idiolect : the speech variety of a particular person. One’s individual dialect. ‣ jargon : vocabulary associated with a particular activity (example: carvers’ jargon). ‣ pidgin : a simplified language used by speakers of different languages to communicate (example: Chinook Jargon). No one’s native language. ‣ creole : a pidgin that has developed into a full language (example: Hawaiian Creole). ‣ language family : a group of languages whose similarities indicate that they come from a common parent language. Such languages are said to be genetically related (whether or not the speakers of these languages are related by blood). ‣ language area ( Sprachbund ): a group of languages whose similarities result from geographical contact. Such languages may or may not be genetically related. Notes The aboriginal languages of British Columbia form about seven language families (see map). SENĆOŦEN, or Saanich, is a member of the Salish family. language family examples ‣ Algonquian Cree, Ojibway ‣ Haida X̱aad Kil, X̱aaydaa Kil ‣ Kutenai Ktunaxa ‣ Na-Dene Nicola, Tsilhqot’in, Dakelh, Łingít ‣ Salishan SENĆOŦEN, Halq’eméylem, Secwepemctsin, Nuxalk ‣ Tsimshianic S’m̓algya̱x, Nisg ̱a’a ‣ Wakashan Nuu-chah-nulth, Kwak wala,̓ Haisla Salish is one of the largest indigenous language families of North America, in terms of number of languages. -
Native American Languages, Indigenous Languages of the Native Peoples of North, Middle, and South America
Native American Languages, indigenous languages of the native peoples of North, Middle, and South America. The precise number of languages originally spoken cannot be known, since many disappeared before they were documented. In North America, around 300 distinct, mutually unintelligible languages were spoken when Europeans arrived. Of those, 187 survive today, but few will continue far into the 21st century, since children are no longer learning the vast majority of these. In Middle America (Mexico and Central America) about 300 languages have been identified, of which about 140 are still spoken. South American languages have been the least studied. Around 1500 languages are known to have been spoken, but only about 350 are still in use. These, too are disappearing rapidly. Classification A major task facing scholars of Native American languages is their classification into language families. (A language family consists of all languages that have evolved from a single ancestral language, as English, German, French, Russian, Greek, Armenian, Hindi, and others have all evolved from Proto-Indo-European.) Because of the vast number of languages spoken in the Americas, and the gaps in our information about many of them, the task of classifying these languages is a challenging one. In 1891, Major John Wesley Powell proposed that the languages of North America constituted 58 independent families, mainly on the basis of superficial vocabulary resemblances. At the same time Daniel Brinton posited 80 families for South America. These two schemes form the basis of subsequent classifications. In 1929 Edward Sapir tentatively proposed grouping these families into superstocks, 6 in North America and 15 in Middle America. -
Paying Tribute
NILES HERALD- SPECTATORI $1.50 Thursday, November 9, 2017 nilesheraldspectator.com WHAT TO DO Paying tribute American Legion Post 134 in Morton Grove honors veterans.Page 4 U BOOTH PHOTO Harmonic duo Folk musicians to perfonn original songs at Grayslake Heritage Center.Page 25 HELP SQUAD Is small claims court an option? Legal experts weigh in on how to proceed with a lawsuit that concerns only a few thousand dollars without incurring exorbi- tant legal fees.Page 19 KARE ANGELL LUC/PIONEER PRESS Morton Grove resident andU.S.Army veteran John Slate salutes during the tribute to veterans heldNov. 5at the American Legion Post 134 in Morton Grove. About two dozen people attended the ceremony. SPORTS LIVING After maternity leave, emotional challenge awaits "Bad mom." It's the most terrifying of labels. ROB DICKER/DAILY 5OUTHTOWN It's the fear at the heart of the working mom/ stay-at-home mom conflict Lauren Chval reflects on her experience as a new mother The final miles heading back to work. Inside The boys and girls cross country season GETTY ends at the state meet in PeoriaPage 35 SHOUT OUT NILES HERALD- SPECTATORIgnacio Menenes, Halloween 'big bad wolf' nilesheraldspectator.com Ignacio Menenes works at a Q: Where did you gnwup? A: I just got done with "A Jim Rotche, General Manager Lincoinwood public relations and A: I grew up in Chile. I lived Heartbrealdng Workofa Staer- Phil Jurlk Suburban Editor marketing firm near the Skokiethere for 13 years and ing Genius' It's a great John Puterbaugh,, Pioneer Press Editor: border. On Halloween, he picked later I lived four years in book. -
Send2press Blue Online
Send2Press BLUE Level Online Sites 2007 1 Destination URL Note: all points subject to change, most sites pull news based on content - so automobile sites don't pull medical news, etc. For latest pub lists: www.Send2Press.com/lists/ .NET Developer's Journal (SYS-CON Media) http://www.dotnet.sys-con.com 123Jump.com, Inc. http://www.123jump.com/ 1960 Sun http://www.the1960sun.com 20/20 Downtown http://www.abcnews.com/Sections/downtown/index.html 24x7 Magazine (Ascend Media) http://www.24x7mag.com 50 Plus Lifestyles http://www.50pluslifestylesonline.com A Taste of New York Network http://www.tasteofny.com ABC http://www.abc.com ABC News http://www.abcnews.com ABC Radio http://abcradio.go.com/ Aberdeen Group (aka Aberdeen Asset Managemehttp://www.aberdeen.com Abilene Reporter-News http://reporter-news.com/ ABN Amro http://www.abnamro.com About.com http://about.com/ aboutREMEDIATION http://www.aboutremediation.com AboutThatCar.com http://www.aboutthatcar.com ABSNet http://www.absnet.net/ Accountants World LLC (eTopics) http://www.accountantsworld.com Accutrade (TD AMERITRADE, Inc.) http://www.accutrade.com Acquire Media Corp. http://www.acquiremedia.com Activ Financial http://www.activfinancial.com Adelante Valle http://www.adelantevalle.com/ ADP ADP Clearing & Outsourcing Services (fka US Clehttp://www.usclearing.com Advance Internet http://www.advance.net Advance Newspapers (Advance Internet) http://www.advancenewspapers.com/ Advanced Imaging Magazine (Cygnus Interactive http://www.advancedimagingpro.com Advanced Packaging Magazine (PennWell) http://ap.pennnet.com/ Advanced Radio Network http://www.graveline.com www.send2press.com/lists/ Send2Press BLUE Level Online Sites 2007 2 Advanstar Communications Inc http://www.advanstar.com/ Advertising Age http://www.adage.com ADVFN Advanced Financial Network http://www.advfn.com Advisor Insight http://www.advisorinsight.com Advisor Media Inc. -
Blocked Titles - Academic and Public Library Markets Factiva
Blocked Titles - Academic and Public Library Markets Factiva Source Name Source Code Aberdeen American News ABAM Advocate ADVO Akron Beacon Journal AKBJ Alexandria Daily Town Talk ADTT Allentown Morning Call XALL Argus Leader ARGL Asbury Park Press ASPK Asheville Citizen-Times ASHC Baltimore Sun BSUN Battle Creek Enquirer BATL Baxter County Newspapers BAXT Belleville News-Democrat BLND Bellingham Herald XBEL Brandenton Herald BRDH Bucryus Telegraph Forum BTF Burlington Free Press BRFP Centre Daily Times CDPA Charlotte Observer CLTO Chicago Tribune TRIB Chilicothe Gazette CGOH Chronicle-Tribune CHRT Cincinnati Enquirer CINC Clarion-Ledger (Jackson, MS) CLDG Cochocton Tribune CTOH Columbus Ledger-Enquirer CLEN Contra Costa Times CCT Courier-News XCNW Courier-Post CPST Daily Ledger DLIN Daily News Leader DNLE Daily Press DAIL Daily Record DRNJ Daily Times DTMD Daily Times Adviser DTA Daily World DWLA Democrat & Chronicle (Rochester, NY) DMCR Des Moines Register DMRG Detroit Free Press DFP Detroit News DTNS Duluth News-Tribune DNTR El Paso Times ELPS Florida Today FLTY Fort Collins Coloradoan XFTC Fort Wayne News Sentinel FWNS Fort Worth Star-Telegram FWST Grand Forks Herald XGFH Great Falls Tribune GFTR Green Bay Press-Gazette GBPG Greenville News (SC) GNVL Hartford Courant HFCT Harvard Business Review HRB Harvard Management Update HMU Hattiesburg American HATB Herald Times Reporter HTR Home News Tribune HMTR Honolulu Advertiser XHAD Idaho Statesman BSID Iowa City Press-Citizen PCIA Journal & Courier XJOC Journal-News JNWP Kansas City Star -
Vanguards of Canada
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY WiLLARD FiSKE Endowment """"""" '""'"'^ E 78.C2M162" Vanguards of Canada 3 1924 028 638 488 A Cornell University S Library The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028638488 VANGUARDS OF CANADA BOOKS The Rev. John Maclean, M.A., Ph.D., B.D. Vanguards of Canada By JOHN MACLEAN, M.A., Ph.D.. D.D. Member of the British Association, The American Society for the Advance- ment of Science, The American Folk-Lore Society, Correspondent of The Bureau of Ethnology, Washington; Chief Archivist of the Methodist Church, Canada. B 13 G TORONTO The Missionary Society of the Methodist Church The Young People's Forward Movement Department F. C. STEPHENSON, Secretary 15. OOPTRIGHT, OanADA, 1918, BT Frboeriok Clareb Stbfhekgon TOROHTO The Missionary Society of the Methodist Church The Young People's Forward Movement F. 0. Stephenson , Secretary. PREFACE In this admirable book the Rev. Dr. Maclean has done a piece of work of far-reaching significance. The Doctor is well fitted by training, experience, knowledge and sym- pathy to do this work and has done it in a manner which fully vindicates his claim to all these qualifications. Our beloved Canada is just emerging into a vigorous consciousness of nationhood and is showing herself worthy of the best ideals in her conception of what the hig'hest nationality really involves. It is therefore of the utmost importance that the young of this young nation thrilled with a new sense of power, and conscious of a new place in the activities of the world, should understand thoroughly those factors and forces which have so strikingly combined to give us our present place of prominence. -
Fifty Years in the Northwest: a Machine-Readable Transcription
Library of Congress Fifty years in the Northwest L34 3292 1 W. H. C. Folsom FIFTY YEARS IN THE NORTHWEST. WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND APPENDIX CONTAINING REMINISCENCES, INCIDENTS AND NOTES. BY W illiam . H enry . C arman . FOLSOM. EDITED BY E. E. EDWARDS. PUBLISHED BY PIONEER PRESS COMPANY. 1888. G.1694 F606 .F67 TO THE OLD SETTLERS OF WISCONSIN AND MINNESOTA, WHO, AS PIONEERS, AMIDST PRIVATIONS AND TOIL NOT KNOWN TO THOSE OF LATER GENERATION, LAID HERE THE FOUNDATIONS OF TWO GREAT STATES, AND HAVE LIVED TO SEE THE RESULT OF THEIR ARDUOUS LABORS IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE WILDERNESS—DURING FIFTY YEARS—INTO A FRUITFUL COUNTRY, IN THE BUILDING OF GREAT CITIES, IN THE ESTABLISHING OF ARTS AND MANUFACTURES, IN THE CREATION OF COMMERCE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE, THIS WORK IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR, W. H. C. FOLSOM. PREFACE. Fifty years in the Northwest http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.01070 Library of Congress At the age of nineteen years, I landed on the banks of the Upper Mississippi, pitching my tent at Prairie du Chien, then (1836) a military post known as Fort Crawford. I kept memoranda of my various changes, and many of the events transpiring. Subsequently, not, however, with any intention of publishing them in book form until 1876, when, reflecting that fifty years spent amidst the early and first white settlements, and continuing till the period of civilization and prosperity, itemized by an observer and participant in the stirring scenes and incidents depicted, might furnish material for an interesting volume, valuable to those who should come after me, I concluded to gather up the items and compile them in a convenient form. -
Mobilian Jargon in Historiography: an Exercise in the Ethnohistory of Speaking
24 Southern Anthropologist Mobilian Jargon in Historiography: An Exercise in the Ethnohistory of Speaking Emanuel J. Drechsel University of Hawaii, Manoa Patricia Galloway (2006: 225-244) made Mobilian Jargon the subject matter of a chapter in her recent book Practicing Ethnohistory – with several challenging conclusions about its structure, functions, and sociohistorical contexts that call for a response. My essay addresses fundamental misconceptions about this Muskogean- based pidgin language, while raising some broader issues of documentation and analysis relevant to the historical sociolinguistics of greater Louisiana. More to a Name Than Meets the Eye Throughout her essay, Galloway refers to the pidgin as “Mobilian” without the modifying attachment of “Jargon.” The use of the short form would seem a minor terminological difference, were she not to use the same name in reference to Mobilian proper when discussing the Mobilian Indians’ language. This leads to a fundamental confusion of the vernacular and the pidgin by the same name. As I pointed out (Drechsel 1997: 52, 205, 234), it is imperative to differentiate “Mobilian Jargon” from “Mobilian” (like other pidgins and their source languages such as “Chinook Jargon” versus “Chinook” and “Delaware Jargon” versus “Delaware”) because of fundamental extralinguistic as well as grammatical differences between them (Silverstein 1996, 1997). Mobilian Jargon was a Muskogean-based pidgin with a morphologically reduced, analytical grammar; Mobilian proper a Native American vernacular of so far unidentifi ed provenance, with a full-fl edged, synthetic or possibly even polysynthetic grammar and a complex morphology of infl ections and/or affi xations. To imply that Mobilian Jargon directly related to Mobilian proper misrepresents linguistic and historical facts. -
Newspaper Distribution List
Newspaper Distribution List The following is a list of the key newspaper distribution points covering our Integrated Media Pro and Mass Media Visibility distribution package. Abbeville Herald Little Elm Journal Abbeville Meridional Little Falls Evening Times Aberdeen Times Littleton Courier Abilene Reflector Chronicle Littleton Observer Abilene Reporter News Livermore Independent Abingdon Argus-Sentinel Livingston County Daily Press & Argus Abington Mariner Livingston Parish News Ackley World Journal Livonia Observer Action Detroit Llano County Journal Acton Beacon Llano News Ada Herald Lock Haven Express Adair News Locust Weekly Post Adair Progress Lodi News Sentinel Adams County Free Press Logan Banner Adams County Record Logan Daily News Addison County Independent Logan Herald Journal Adelante Valle Logan Herald-Observer Adirondack Daily Enterprise Logan Republican Adrian Daily Telegram London Sentinel Echo Adrian Journal Lone Peak Lookout Advance of Bucks County Lone Tree Reporter Advance Yeoman Long Island Business News Advertiser News Long Island Press African American News and Issues Long Prairie Leader Afton Star Enterprise Longmont Daily Times Call Ahora News Reno Longview News Journal Ahwatukee Foothills News Lonoke Democrat Aiken Standard Loomis News Aim Jefferson Lorain Morning Journal Aim Sussex County Los Alamos Monitor Ajo Copper News Los Altos Town Crier Akron Beacon Journal Los Angeles Business Journal Akron Bugle Los Angeles Downtown News Akron News Reporter Los Angeles Loyolan Page | 1 Al Dia de Dallas Los Angeles Times -
Pidgins and Creoles
Chapter 7: Contact Languages I: Pidgins and Creoles `The Negroes who established themselves on the Djuka Creek two centuries ago found Trio Indians living on the Tapanahoni. They maintained continuing re- lations with them....The trade dialect shows clear traces of these circumstances. It consists almost entirely of words borrowed from Trio or from Negro English' (Verslag der Toemoekhoemak-expeditie, by C.H. De Goeje, 1908). `The Nez Perces used two distinct languages, the proper and the Jargon, which differ so much that, knowing one, a stranger could not understand the other. The Jargon is the slave language, originating with the prisoners of war, who are captured in battle from the various neighboring tribes and who were made slaves; their different languages, mixing with that of their masters, formed a jargon....The Jargon in this tribe was used in conversing with the servants and the court language on all other occasions' (Ka-Mi-Akin: Last Hero of the Yakimas, 2nd edn., by A.J. Splawn, 1944, p. 490). The Delaware Indians `rather design to conceal their language from us than to properly communicate it, except in things which happen in daily trade; saying that it is sufficient for us to understand them in that; and then they speak only half sentences, shortened words...; and all things which have only a rude resemblance to each other, they frequently call by the same name' (Narratives of New Netherland 1609-1664, by J. Franklin Jameson, 1909, p. 128, quoting a comment made by the Dutch missionary Jonas Micha¨eliusin August 1628). The list of language contact typologies at the beginning of Chapter 4 had three entries under the heading `extreme language mixture': pidgins, creoles, and bilingual mixed lan- guages. -
Mamook Kom'tax Chinuk Pipa/Learning to Write Chinook
77 Historical Studies in Education / Revue d’histoire de l’éducation ARTICLES / ARTICLES Mamook Kom'tax Chinuk Pipa/Learning to Write Chinook Jargon: Indigenous Peoples and Literacy Strategies in the South Central Interior of British Columbia in the Late Nineteenth Century Emma Battell Lowman University of Hertfordshire ABSTRACT During the mid-nineteenth century, the advent of multiple gold rushes swept foreign popula- tions into what is now known as the British Columbia Interior, bringing a variety of European languages to the homeland of a multitude of Indigenous languages. In order to bridge commu- nication gaps between these populations, Chinook Jargon, a composite trade pidgin, quickly spread. The Jargon or “Wawa” became so common that, in the last decade of the century, Catholic priest Father J. M. R. Le Jeune developed and standardized a shorthand writing sys- tem for the Jargon — Chinuk pipa — and used it to publish a popular local newspaper. At the same time, residential schools began operating in the region, and English was aggressively promoted; however, contrary to expectations at the time and perceptions since, English literacy developed slowly in the British Columbia Interior. By contrast, Chinook pipa spread quickly and literacy in the Chinook Jargon — for a time — outstripped English literacy. Drawing on extensive primary research in the archives of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate missionary order, interviews, and literature in linguistics, missionary history, Indigenous languages, and colonial exchange, this article considers the different learning and teaching strategies that were used to develop English and Chinook literacy, and their subsequent successes or failures. In so doing, it challenges understandings about the role of pidgins and literacy in more global settler colonial contexts and offers an intervention to the wider theme of the role of literacy in the missionary project.