CPC Outreach Journal #1034
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The Year in Law 2013-2014
THE YEAR IN LAW 2013-2014 [parallel citation: 2015 Green Bag Alm. 40] Gregory F. Jacob & Rakesh Kilaru† A review of some highlights of law in America (with a few overseas detours) during the past twelve months or so. NOVEMBER 2013 Nov. 1: The VIrgInia Supreme Court overturns a jury verdict In a wrongful- death suit fIled by the parents of two students kIlled In a 2007 massacre by a student-gunman, fIndIng that the universIty had no duty to warn students about the potentIal for crimInal acts by the gunman. • The U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. CircuIt holds that the provIsIon of the Af- fordable Care Act requIrIng employers to provIde theIr employees health insurance that includes birth control vIolates the FIrst Amendment. Nov. 4: Attorney General ErIc Holder states that KhalId SheIkh Moham- med and four alleged co-conspIrators “would be on death row as we speak” If he had been allowed to try them In federal court, as he InItIally planned. Due to polItical opposItion to Holder’s decIsIon, the Justice De- partment Instead trIed the defendants In a mIlItary court, resultIng In † Greg Jacob Is a partner In O’Melveny & Myers LLP, and Rakesh KIlaru Is an assocIate at the same firm. Both are Green Bag edItors. 5 JOURNAL OF LAW (ALMANAC EXCERPTS) 173 GREGORY F. JACOB & RAKESH KILARU lengthy delays tied to the defendants’ challenges to the legitimacy of that mode of adjudIcatIon. • The JustIce Department announces a $1.2 bIllIon settlement of a crimInal Insider-tradIng IndIctment filed agaInst SAC CapItal AdvIsors LP. -
AISR 20202123 Sukeui Sohn.Hwp
Asian International Studies Review Sukeui Vol. 21 Sohn No.2 (December 2020): 55-77 55 Received September 15, 2020 Revised December 4, 2020 Accepted December 11, 2020 Examining Opposition Realignment and Japan’s Rightward Shift in the 2017 General Election* Sukeui Sohn** The purpose of this study to examine the degree of ‘rightward shift’ among Japanese politicians as well as voters by analyzing the result of the 2017 general election, particularly focusing on the split of Democratic Party (minshintō) and the consequent realignment of opposition bloc between moderate conservatives, represented by Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (rikken minshutō), and hardline conservatives who joined newly-established Party of Hope (kibō no tō). Particularly, the district-level analysis of eighty-five districts reveal that the moderate-hardline alignment among voters appears to be solidified, and there seems low level of vote mobilities between the two blocs. Instead, the electoral results indicate that political parties are competing one another within its respective blocs. While the overall tendency of new voters to support new rightwing party may serve as one of indicators to elucidate Japan’s rightward shift, given the ambiguity of candidates’ positions on constitutional revisions as well as poor performance of PoH candidates against CDPJ, it is questionable whether such trend can be accounted for permanent or holistic shift to the rightist ideology. Keywords: Rightward Shift (ukeika), Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDPJ), Party of Hope, Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), The 2017 General Election, Opposition Realignment * This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2019S1A6A3A02102886). -
The Absence of a Japanese Radical Right: Consistent with Current Theory of the Radical Right?
The Absence of a Japanese Radical Right: Consistent with Current Theory of the Radical Right? Harunobu Saijo Abstract One set of theories pertaining to radical right success examines the strategy of mainstream right-wing parties. One mechanism that seems to have been ignored is the extent to which mainstream right-wing parties include or exclude "radical right" individuals and supporters within their own ranks. I argue that giving \radical right" elements a place within mainstream parties, allows center-right parties to prevent potential radical right voters from switching support to parties more extreme than itself, by presenting a more credible alternative. This raises the issue of internal party dynamics, and non-unitary parties, which the existing literature ignores, due to the largely unitary nature of Western European parties. The Japanese case demonstrates such a mechanism. Furthermore, the validity of this thesis can be tested more rigorously over time, as the state allows more immigrants to enter Japan, which may strain this outcome. 1 1 Introduction In the comparative party politics literature, the rise of the "Radical Right" party has been widely theorized and analyzed with a focus on Western and Eastern Europe. Other works have expanded the scope of study to fit parties in late capitalist countries as diverse as Israel, Canada, Australia, Chile, and New Zealand (Norris, 2005, 7) (Rydgren, 2007, 242). Yet, there has been less work on the Japanese case, though some have tried to apply the populist or radical right theories to phenomena in Japanese politics. Furthermore, most of the contributions that do examine the Japanese radical right either examine groupuscular formations that do not contest elections, or examine particular elections or personalities instead of examining the country-level variables theorized by the literature, or consider how the Japanese case can inform the theory in general. -
Japanese Protesters Use Nazism to Attack Chinese, Koreans May 01, 2014 the ASAHI SHIMBUN
http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/social_affairs/AJ201405010052 Disturbing trend: Japanese protesters use Nazism to attack Chinese, Koreans May 01, 2014 THE ASAHI SHIMBUN Racist chants bellowed from a loudspeaker and Hinomaru flags were waved at a rally in Tokyo attended by about 40 people following a young person dressed in military uniform. But what set this demonstration apart from the usual protests against Koreans and Chinese were the swastika flags fluttering beside Japan’s national flag. “We will recover the honor of Imperial Japan and Nazi Germany,” one person shouted, as the protesters marched through a busy entertainment area of the Ikebukuro district. The rally was held on April 20, the 125th anniversary of the birth of Adolf Hitler. Although young Japanese protesters have recently increased their use of Nazi symbols in demonstrations, the rallies are not targeted at Jews. In their minds, the demonstrators seem to believe that Hitler was justified in trying to protect the German race from a rising threat, and that Nazi-style persecution offers way to save Japan from the increasing power of China and South Korea. Their numbers remain small, and they may simply be disgruntled youth ignorant about history. However, their praise for a man considered the most evil in the 20th century has raised fears about where their movement is heading. “One characteristic of the latest cases is the connecting of Nazism with calls spreading through the Internet to throw out ethnic Koreans and Chinese living in Japan,” said Mitsuharu Akao, an assistant professor at Osaka University specializing in Jewish cultural studies. -
Periodical Report Periodical Report
ICT Incidents Database Periodical Report November 2012 2012 2012 2012August2012 The following is a summary and analysis of the terrorist attacks and counter-terrorism operations that occurred during the month of November 2012, researched and recorded by the ICT database team. Important events this month included the following: On 1 November, nine people were arrested for allegedly planning to set up a terrorist training camp in the northern Rif Mountains, Morocco. On 6 November, a car bomb exploded at the entrance to an Iraqi army base in Taji, Iraq, killing 31 people and injuring 50 others. On 12 November, the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC), a superior court in the UK, upheld Abu Qatada's appeal against deportation from the UK to Jordan and released him on restrictive bail conditions. On 14 November, senior Hamas leader Ahmed Jabari was killed in an IAF missile strike in the Gaza strip. The incident marked the start of Operation Pillar of Defence, which lasted until 21 November. During the operation the IDF targeted more than 1,500 terror sites across the Gaza Strip. On 16 November, Raul Sanchez Fuentes Villota, 46, a suspected member of ETA was arrested in Liverpool, UK. On 18 November, Mohamed Nuh Aden (Abu Hafsa) head of the assassination division for Al- Shabab Al Mujheden was arrested in in Galkayo, Somalia. On 19 November, four men from California, USA were charged with plotting to kill Americans by joining Al-Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan. On 22 November, 23 people were killed and 62 injured when a suicide bomber detonated his explosives in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. -
Survey: English
I would like to ask you some questions concerning public expenditure. CSES Q1 Q1 For the next questions, please say whether there should be more or less public expenditure in each of the following areas. Remember if you say "more" it could require a tax increase, and if you say "less" it could require a reduction in those services. (please choose one for items a to h) Q1a Health 1. Much more than now 2. Somewhat more than now 3. The same as now 4. Somewhat less than now 5. Much less than now 7. Volunteered : Refused 8. Volunteered : Don’t know 9. Missing Q1b Education 1. Much more than now 2. Somewhat more than now 3. The same as now 4. Somewhat less than now 5. Much less than now 7. Volunteered : Refused 8. Volunteered : Don’t know 9. Missing Q1c Unemployment Benefits 1. Much more than now 2. Somewhat more than now 3. The same as now 4. Somewhat less than now 5. Much less than now 7. Volunteered : Refused 1 8. Volunteered : Don’t know 9. Missing Q1d Defense 1. Much more than now 2. Somewhat more than now 3. The same as now 4. Somewhat less than now 5. Much less than now 7. Volunteered : Refused 8. Volunteered : Don’t know 9. Missing Q1e Old-Age Pensions 1. Much more than now 2. Somewhat more than now 3. The same as now 4. Somewhat less than now 5. Much less than now 7. Volunteered : Refused 8. Volunteered : Don’t know 9. Missing Q1f Business and Industry 1. -
When Jihadis Come Marching Home: the Terrorist Threat Posed by Westerners Returning from Syria and Iraq
Perspective C O R P O R A T I O N Expert insights on a timely policy issue When Jihadis Come Marching Home The Terrorist Threat Posed by Westerners Returning from Syria and Iraq Brian Michael Jenkins lthough the numbers of Western fighters slipping off to total number. U.S. intelligence sources indicate that 100 or more join the jihadist fronts in Syria and Iraq are murky, U.S. Americans have been identified. In an interview on October 5, counterterrorism officials believe that those fighters pose 2014, Federal Bureau of Investigation Director James Comey said a clear and present danger to American security. Some that the FBI knew the identities of “a dozen or so” Americans who Awill be killed in the fighting, some will choose to remain in the were fighting in Syria on the side of the terrorists (Comey, 2014). Middle East, but some will return, more radicalized, determined to His comment surprised many who were familiar with the intel- continue their violent campaigns at home. Their presence in Syria ligence reports, but he was probably referring to a narrowly defined and Iraq also increases the available reservoir of Western passports category of persons who at the time of his statement were known and “clean skins” that terrorist planners could recruit to carry out to be currently fighting with particular terrorist groups in Syria. If terrorist missions against the West. we include all of those who went to or tried to go to Syria or Iraq How many Americans have gone to Syria? It is estimated to join various rebel formations, some of whom were arrested upon that as many as 15,000 foreigners have gone to Syria and Iraq to departure, some of whom were killed in the fighting, and some of fight against the Syrian or Iraqi governments, including more than whom have returned, the larger number would apply. -
“Legitimation Crisis” of Journalism in Japan
Keio Communication Review No.41, 2019 “Legitimation Crisis” of Journalism in Japan YAMAKOSHI Shuzo* Introduction This paper considers how changes in media environment and political culture have affected journalism in Japan in recent years. The “crisis” of news media and journalism has recently become a hot topic of discussion at the global level, with events like the populism and media politics of the Trump regime in the US, Brexit in the UK, and the rise of far-right politics in the EU. It is said that “populism,” “fake news” and a “post-truth” environment have undermined the legitimacy of journalism. In Japan, the debate over the “crisis” of journalism has also become active, but with somewhat different features to other countries. In Japan, there is no populist political leader who utilizes social media in a way comparable to President Trump; and no nationalist or racist political parties have gained a seat in the National Diet as has happened in several European countries. Then what kind of media “crisis” is developing in Japan? From the perspective of international comparison, Kaori Hayashi has pointed out that “silent distrust of the media” is developing in Japan (Hayashi, 2017: 161)†. In Japan, traditional mainstream media such as newspapers and television retain a significant presence compared to many developed nations, and alternative or grassroots journalism has little influence. However, according to Hayashi, there is an apathy toward journalism among the general public, who are insufficiently concerned about the decline of news media and problems of journalism. Under this situation, the mainstream news media has been shrinking, subject to market fundamentalism. -
Japan's New Legislature Balance
Japan's New Legislative Balance - Council on Foreign Relations http://www.cfr.org/japan/japans-new-legislative-balance/p29682 Author: Sheila A. Smith, Senior Fellow for Japan Studies December 17, 2012 With a sweeping electoral victory, Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has not simply come back to power; it now dominates a vastly reimagined political landscape. Sunday's election brought the LDP back, and with it, Shinzo Abe, the prime minister who inherited the mantle of Koizumi's reformed party in 2006. Abe's short tenure in office and his abrupt resignation left many wondering during the early weeks of the campaign if he was up to leading the country again. This revived--and reinforced--LDP now has a variety of potential partners in its effort to govern. Japan's conservatives are now by far the largest political force in parliament, with 294 seats in the 480-seat lower house. Abe announced immediately that his party intends to govern in coalition with its long-standing electoral partner, the New Komei Party, which has thirty-one seats. With 325 seats, Japan's new government will wield a two-thirds majority, allowing it to overrule opposition to legislation in Japan's upper house. The difficulties in passing legislation in Japan's divided Diet will be over. Ever since the conservatives lost their majority in the upper house in 2007, efforts by the LDP and then the DPJ to govern have been frustrated by the lack of cooperation between the lower and upper houses of parliament. This stalled government initiatives and prevented policy coalitions from forming across party lines. -
American Jihadist Terrorism: Combating a Complex Threat
American Jihadist Terrorism: Combating a Complex Threat Jerome P. Bjelopera Specialist in Organized Crime and Terrorism January 23, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41416 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress American Jihadist Terrorism: Combating a Complex Threat Summary This report describes homegrown violent jihadists and the plots and attacks that have occurred since 9/11. For this report, “homegrown” describes terrorist activity or plots perpetrated within the United States or abroad by American citizens, legal permanent residents, or visitors radicalized largely within the United States. The term “jihadist” describes radicalized individuals using Islam as an ideological and/or religious justification for their belief in the establishment of a global caliphate, or jurisdiction governed by a Muslim civil and religious leader known as a caliph. The term “violent jihadist” characterizes jihadists who have made the jump to illegally supporting, plotting, or directly engaging in violent terrorist activity. The report also discusses the radicalization process and the forces driving violent extremist activity. It analyzes post-9/11 domestic jihadist terrorism and describes law enforcement and intelligence efforts to combat terrorism and the challenges associated with those efforts. Appendix A provides details about each of the post-9/11 homegrown jihadist terrorist plots and attacks. There is an “executive summary” at the beginning that summarizes the report’s findings. Congressional -
Populism As Rhetorical Politics in Britain and Japan: 'Devil Take The
R. L. R. Populism as Rhetorical Politics in Britain and Japan 107 Populism as Rhetorical Politics in Britain and Japan: ‘Devil take the hindmost’ KOBORI, Masahiro* Although expressions of populism around the world have been growing in recent years, examples of these demonstrate a great variety. Britain and Japan provide two cases that show various features of populism. There is a synergy between populism and blame avoidance. In Britain, the British National Party has considerably toned down and modernised its extremist image, and the UK Independence Party advocates a referendum on whether Britain should stay in the EU. In Japan, new populist parties have denounced public workers and their trade unions. On the other hand, major parties have confronted populist parties only superficially and, in the end, actually echo populist discourse. These phenomena can be explained as a blame-avoidance strategy by the major parties. Therefore, populist attacks and blame avoidance can be considered two sides of the same coin. 1. Introduction Populism has recently attracted people’s attention in two countries located on opposite sides of the globe. In Britain, the UK Independence Party (UKIP) and the British National Party (BNP) have been called populist parties in recent years (Goodwin, 2011: 69). The same phenomenon has also been witnessed in Japan. The populist Japan Restoration Party (JRP) (Nihon-Ishin no Kai) has attracted people’s support by blaming the incumbents. Although there are some differences between the cases in the two countries, and even differences between examples in each country, it is possible to point out some common elements, as will be explained later. -
Japan's Right-Wing Women and the “Comfort Women” Issue
Yamaguchi | Japan’s Right-Wing Women and the “Comfort Women” Issue Japan’s Right-Wing Women and the “Comfort Women” Issue Tomomi Yamaguchi Introduction The issue of “comfort women” – women from Asia and the Pacific who were forced into sexual slavery for Japan’s imperial troops during World War II – has been surrounded by intense controversy in Japan since the mid-1990s. While the supporters of “comfort women” claim that the Japanese government was responsible for wartime sexual slavery and demand an apology and compensation for survivors, right-wing revisionists deny that Japan was responsible for past war crimes. After briefly reviewing the background on the surge of revisionist activism surrounding the “comfort women” issue, I will focus on recent developments in the second Abe admin- istration, when the Japanese government and right-wing revisionists started actively engaging on this dispute. I will pay close attention to the right-wing movement against the building of “comfort women” memorials in the United States, and the significant roles that Japanese women have played in this revisionist movement. I argue that the Japanese revisionist movement against “comfort women” monuments and statues in the United States has provided Japanese right-wing women in Japan and the United States with a significant new platform. I will then demonstrate that the activities by the Japa- nese government and the right-wing against “comfort women” memorials are extremely divisive for communities in the United States, especially among Asian Americans. Revisionism and “History Wars” The issue of “comfort women” became major news in Japan in 1991, when South Korean, Kim Hak-sun publicly came forward as a “comfort woman.” At that time, reactions from the Japanese government and right-wing organizations were not aggressively negative.