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Chalcidoidea) of the Kumayoun Region and Adjoining Areas

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Chalcidoidea) of the Kumayoun Region and Adjoining Areas TAXONOMICAL STUDIES ON SOME INDIAN MICRO-HYMENOPTERA (CHALCIDOIDEA) OF THE KUMAYOUN REGION AND ADJOINING AREAS THESIS SUBMHTED FOR THE DEGREE OF Bottor of $I)ilo£(op]^p IN ZOOLOGY THE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY BY NIKHAT ARIFA DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) June, 1988 T4001 m uNi^t^' DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Phones : jPubuf" : 5646 ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY '^^^^ '• ^"^ ALIGARH, U. P. INDIA 202001 Sections: jf^gf ^^ 1 ENTOMOLOGY 2 PARASITOLOGY 3 ICHTHYOLOGY & FISHERIES DateJXXae..20.^1^3.0. 4 AGRICULTURALNEMATOLOGY 5 GENETICS Certified that ,"Taxonomical studies on some Indian micro-hymenoptera (Chalcidoidea) of the Kumayoun region and the adjoining areas" is the original contribution of Ms.Nlkhat Arifa, and has been done under our joint guidance and supervision. She is peimitted to supplicate the work for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology of the Aligarh Muslim University,Aligarh, Majid Ali Khan MaVN^XV?n Mohan Agarwal ~ t^ ^l?b Asstt, Professor Professor of Zoology Department of Entomology Department of Zoology,A,M.U, G.B.Pant University of Agric, Aligarh (India) and Technology.Pant Nagar India TOMV LOVim PARENTS COITTSI:TS PP ^'"79' I. ACI'CI:O/IE:)C:::>:;: TH ... 1 -i i II. IiyTRODUCTIOi: 1-13 III. MTERIAL A:") TECiri.I'.UES ... 14-16 IV. FAMILY EULOPLIDAE Key to tl:e suofarailieo and tribes oi the Eulophidae 17-18 A. Subfamily Elachortinae 19 a. Tribe Blachertirii 19 Key to genera of Elachertinl 19-21 1 . Genus Dif:lyT3hup Walker 22-25 i) Di/silyphus indicus sp.n. 26-30 ii) Dif^lyphus frontolatus sp.n. 31-35 2. Genus Ginsiella Erdos 3 6-37 iii) Ginsiella indica sp.n. 38-4? 3. Genus Olynx Foerster 43 iv) Olynz indicus sp.n. 44-49 4. Genus.Scptolinx Ashmead 50-53 v) ucotol.i n:-c mandibular is sp.n 54-50 vi) ncotolj nx ranna^prensis sp.^ 59-63 5. Genus StonomePiur V/estwood 64-67 "^ii) Stenomesius trjapitzini sp.P- 67-72 viii) Stonpmesius indicus, sp.n. 73-77 b. Tribe Euplectrini 78 6. Genus Euplectius '.'/estwood 78-88 ix) Buplectrus suron.iaevi sp.n. 89-93 x) Buplectrus lont'';iscapus sp.n 94-98 xi) Buplectrus clayatus sp.n. 99-103 contd cont ent contd.... Pages B. Subfamily Eulophinae 104 Key to genera of subfamily Eulophinae 104-105 7. Genus Heroiptarsenus Westwood 106-108 xii) Hemiptarsenus semialbiclavus Girault 109-114 xiii) Hoii iptarsenus albiclavus sp n. 115-119 8. Genus Dicladocerus v/estwood 120-123 xiv) Dicladocerus alami sp.n. 12.4-128 XV) Dicladocerus antenna lis sp.n. 129-153 XVi) Dicladocerus indicus sp.n. 134-158 xvii) Dicladocerus liriomyza sp.n. 159-145 C. Subfamily Entedontinae 144 Key to genera of subfamily Entedontinae 144-145 9. Genus Chrysonot omyia Ashmead 146-152 xyiii ) Chry sonot omy ia indicus sp.n. l52-rl57 10. Genus Chrysocharis Foerster 158-165 xix) Chrysocharis quadristriata sp.n. 166-170 XX) Chrysocharis occulomerus sp.n 171-175 xxi) Chrysocharis antenna lis sp.n. 176-180 11. Ganus Horismenus Walker 181-183 xxii^i Horismenus indicus sp.n. 183-189 12. _Genus Pediobius Walker 190-202 xxiii) Pediobius sambhalensis sp.n, 203-207 xxiv) Pediobius angustifrons sp.n. 208-213 XXV ) Pediobius cydiai sp.n. 213-217 xxvi ) Pediobius antenna lis sp.n. 218-222 D. Subfamily Euderinae 223 Key to genera of subfamily Euderinae 223 contd.,. Content contd.... 15. Genus Allocerast Ichus Masi 224-226 XXVii) AllocerastIchus indlcus sp.n. 226-231 14. Genus Euderus Haliday 232-243 xxviii) Euderus testulalis sp.n, 243-248 15. Genus Euderast ichus Boucek 249-250 xxix ) Euderast ichus indicus sp.n, 250-255 _E. Subfamily Tetrast ichinae 256 16. Genus Sy'tornosphyrum Foerster 257-265 XXX) Syntomosphyrum latiscapus sp.n. 265-269 xxxi) Syntomosphyrum punctualatus sp.n. 270-274 xxxii)Syntomosphyrum funicularis sp.n. 274-279 XXXiii)Syntomosphyrum pecki sp.n. 279-284 xxxiv) Syntomosphyrum litura sp.n, , 284-289 XXXV) Syntomosphyrum dehradunensis sp.n 289-294 17. Genus Tetrast ichus Haliday 295-314 XXXVi) Tetrast ichus antennalis sp.n. 315-319 xxxvii)Tetrast ichus front ol at us sp.n. 319-324 xxxviii)Tetrast ichus versicolor Ranaweera 324-328 xxxix) Tetrast ichus davidi Khan 329-334 xL) Tetrast ichus vishnov sp.n. 334-338 xLi) Tetrastichup niger Ranaweera 338-343 V. R^'''RRR'''CS3 344-381 *«•* ACKNOWLSDGEMSNTS I am highly indebted to Dr. M.M. Agarwal, Professor, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslini University, Aligarh, India^ for his most valuable guidance and supervision and for taking great pains in going through the nsanuscript. I am grateful to Prof. A.H. Siddiqui, Chairman, Department of Zodogy and Dean Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M.U. , Aligarh , Dr. R. P. Choudhary, Dean, College of Agriculture and Dr. B.P. Khare, Professor and the then Head, Department of Entomology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Ihdia^ for provi­ ding the Laboratory facilities and encouragement. I am also grateful to Dr. M.A. Khan for his guidance and use­ ful suggestions during the course of this work, I have my sincere words of appreciation to Dr. M. Hayat, Reader, Department of Zoology for extending his all cooperation and supply of most needed literature. My sincere thanks are also due to Dr. (Mrs. ) Savita Agarwal, Reader, Department of Zoology, A.M. U. , Aligarh for her constant encouragement. -ii- I am thnnkful to tho stoff of the Systematic Botany Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, U.P., India who very kindly helped me with the identi­ fication of Various host-plant specimen, Director, Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, British Museum, London, for identification of various insects, Director, Biological Sciences, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Entomologist, Horticultural Experiments and Training Centre, Chaubatla, Ranikhet, and staff at the National Jim Corbet Park, Ram Nagar, Distt. Nainltal and at Dudhv/a National Park, Dudhwa, Distt. Lakhimpur Kheri,U.P., India for help in collecting various insects. I am also thankful to Mr. Sudhir Singh, Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, A.M.U., Aligarh for the help from tine to time. 1 II^ITRODUCTIOIT Eulophidao IG a largo family comprising about 300 genera and approximately 3»000 Gpecles, These are sraall to medium- sized chaloids which can be recognised at once by the four segmented tarsi, straight spur of the fore tibia and non- pedunculate vdngs, Othorwiso, eulophids are taxonomically very difficult group to study. The family euJLophidae based on Olivier's genus Eulophus was described in 1791. Westvjood in 1840 in his work entitled, "An introduction to modern classification of insects" made the first significant efforts and put the Eulophid parasitoids under the subfamily Eulophides of the family Chalcididae. He attributed thirteen Genera to it vir., Stenomesius Vfestwood, Euplectrus Westwood, Hemiptarsenus Westwood, Dicladocerus Westwood, Elasmus Westwood, Evaophus Olivier, Bntedon JDalman, Smaragdites Vfestwood, Derostenus Westwood, Closteroceras Westwood, Aprostocetus Westwood, Omphale Haliday and Cirrospilus Westwood. Foerster in 1056 made some excellent contributions in his work, "Hymenopterologische studien" - attributed Eulophid genera to his newly proposed families viz., 1 ) Elachistoidae for the genera Euplectrus Westwood, Elachistus Spinola, Aulo/ymnus Foerster, Olinx Foerster and Teleonnus Foerster; 2) Bulophidae for the genera Gi rrospilus Vfestwood, Melittobia Westwood, Solenotus Foerster, Bvilophus Olivier and Sympiesis Foerster; 5) Bntedonoidae for the genera Bpiclerus Haliday, Rhopalotus Foerster, Astichus Foerster, Holcopelta Foerster, 2 Omphale Haliday, ClirysoclrTis Focrstor an.' Jorostenus .'ostuood md 4) TetraGtichoidre for the conerv TriphaRjus Foerster, Anozus Foerster, Pterothrix '.>'estuood, Trichppoi-ns Foerster, Coranlsur) V/al]:or, !)aryf'papur> Foorntor, Hyp or to lp_n Focrnter and Tetrt'otLcliufi II;lldpy. Further, he provided an ilcntifi- cation key to various £;en(^ra under each familyo V/alker in 1872 renamed the families Slachistoidae, Entedonoidae, Eulophoidae and Tetrastichoidac as Elachistidae, Entedonidae, EuQophidae and Tetrastichidao respectively. Thomson in 1878 in his "Ilymenoptera Scandinaviae" demoted the families as proposed by Foerster (1856) to the rank of tribes, Elochistina, Eulophina, Entedonina and Tetrastichina. Ashmoad dn 1894 recognised Elashistinae, Bulophinae, Bntedoninae and Tetrastichinae as subfamilies of Chalcididac. Inter, in 1904 he accepted fanily status o^ Eulophidae nnd included Elachertinae (=Elachistoidae Foerster), Eulopaii.ae, Entedoninae, Tetrasti­ chinae and Aphelininae as its subfamilies, IMrtlier, he split the subfamilies into tribes viz., 1. Elachertinae (Euplectrini, Ophelinini and Elachortini) 2. Eulophinae (Eulophini and Ilemi- ptarsenini), 3« Entedoninae (Tetracampini, Entedonini, Omphalini [ind Pocliobiiii), '1. TolivuiiJchin.Mo (Totr^istichini and Ceratonou- rini) and 3» Aphelinn.nae (Aphelinini and Pteroptricini). He proposed several new genera under the family Eulophidae. The last subfamily Aphelininae was later raised to the ri^nk of the family Aphelinidae by Vireck in 1916. Girault in 1915 adapted Ashmead's (1904) system of 3 classifying Bulophidao into subfamilies and tribes. He made some significant additions 1911 throu{Ji 1926 and proposed several genora under the family Eulophidae. WatorGton in 1915a described four nou species under four genora of the fr-jnily Exaophidae from Co;aon, In follow­ ing years - 1915b, 1916, 1922b, 1925 he described t^jenty two new species under seven genera of the family Eulophidae from African regions, Gahan and Fagan in 1925 proposed new names Giraulta and Secodoidea for the genera Cirrospilopsis Girault and Secodes Girault respectively. Forrloro made fsomo very excellent and important contri­ butions to the knowledge on Eulophidae from Asiatic, in 1930, 1931b, African, 1931a, 1936, 1938, Oriental and Australian regions 1940a, 1940b. In 1941, he proposed keys to genera and species of the tribe Euplcctrlni and also described two genera and 40 species from Europe, Africa and Asia. Mani in 1938 in his "Catalogue of Indian insects. Part 23 Chalcidoidea" adopted Ashmead's 1904 system of classifying Bulophid into subfamilies and tribes. However, he gave to each tribe the ending - ariae. Catalogue covered 67 species under 29 genera of the family Eulophidae.
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