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Ilmiy Axborotnoma ISSN 2091-5446 ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA НАУЧНЫЙ ВЕСТНИК SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 2020-yil, 2-son (120) GUMANITAR FANLAR SERIYASI Tarix, Falsafa, Sotsiologiya, Iqtisodiyot, O’qitish metodikasi Samarqand viloyat matbuot boshqarmasida ro‘yxatdan o‘tish tartibi 09-25. Jurnal 1999-yildan chop qilina boshlagan va OAK ro‘yxatiga kiritilgan. BOSH MUHARRIR R. I. XALMURADOV, t.f.d. professor BOSH MUHARRIR O‘RINBOSARLARI: H.A. XUSHVAQTOV, f-m.f.n., dotsent A. M. NASIMOV, t.f.d., professor TAHRIRIYAT KENGASHI: S. S. G‘ULOMOV - O‘zFA akademigi A. SAGDULLAEV - O‘zFA akademigi J. D. ELTAZAROV - fil.f.d., professor (SamDU) D. I. SALOHIY - fil.f.d., professor (SamDU) S. A. KARIMOV - fil.f.d., professor (SamDU) M. MUXIDDINOV - fil.f.d., professor (SamDU) S. K. KARIMOV - fals.f.d., professor (SamDU) J. Ya. YAXSHILIKOV - fals.f.d., professor (SamDU) N. Sh. SHODIEV - ped.f.d., professor (SamDU) A. M. JABBAROV - psix.f.d., professor (SamDU) Sh. R. BARATOV - psix.f.d., professor (SamDU) TAMIR KLEIN - Veysman ilmiy tadqiqot instituti professori (Isroil) NAZIF SHAHRANY - Indiana universiteti professori (AQSh) HIROAKI HUZIIE - Osaka universiteti professori (Yaponiya) KIM SUNGHAE - Daeju universiteti professori (Koreya) BYLAPPA MANJUNATH - Don Bosko boshqaruv maktabi professori (Hindiston) Obuna indeksi – yakka tartbidagi obunachilar uchun - 5583, tashkilot, korxonalar uchun - 5584 ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA MUNDARIJA 2020-yil, 2-son MUNDARIJA / СОДЕРЖАНИЕ / CONTENTS TARIX / HISTORY Eshbekova D. T. 4 Gazeta bosh maqolalari manba sifatida Yarmatov O. Sh. 9 Turkistondagi hind fuqarolarining ijtimoiy hayoti tarixidan Pardayev T. R. O‘zbekistonning janubiy hududlarida uy - joy qurilishidagi ahvol: o‘zgarishlar va muammolar 13 (1950-1960 yy) Ergashev B. 15 Zarafshon okrugi tashkil etilishi va shaxarsozlik tarixiga oid ma’lumotlar Anorqulov S. M. 20 Sotsialistik shaharlar antropologiyasi (XX asrning 60-yillarigacha) FALSAFA / PHILOSOPHY Nadirova Z. P., Elmuradova F. N. 25 Ilmiy ijodda intuitsiya Xudoyberdieva H. K. Yoshlarda millatlararo munosabatlarni kuchaytirishda san’at asarlari va madaniy merosning 27 o‘rni Musaeva N. 34 Imom Buxoriyning “Al-jomi’ as-sahih” asarida inson va uning ma’naviy-axloqiy barkamolligi Amirxo’jayev Sh. Q. 37 Oilaviy munosabatlar madaniyatini transformatsiyalashuviga ta’sir ko’rsatadigan omillar Sunnаtоv N. B. 40 Innоvаtsiyaning tizim sifаtidа rivоjlаnishi Turatov Sh. 46 Yoshlarda fuqarolik mas’uliyatini shakllantirish o’zbekistonda barqaror va farovon hayot asosi Raxmonov D. A., Nazarova N. J. 49 Ijtimoiy xizmat paradigmalari va ulardan foydalanishning kasbiy ahamiyati Sanaqulov А.N. 54 Virtual reallikning ilmiy-falsafiy tahlili Ochilov J. А. 59 Sivilizаtsiyalаr trаnsformаtsiyasining ijtimoiy−siyosiy omillаri Abdullaeva N. B. 63 Dizayn, dizayner va mezon SOTSIOLOGIYA / SOCIOLOGY G’afforova M. Q. 68 Xotin-qizlar tadbirkorligini rivojlantirishning sotsial jihatlari tahlili 2 ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA MUNDARIJA 2020-yil, 2-son Xudoyberdiyeva A. H. 73 Sharq mutafikkirlarining оila mustahkamligi to’g’risidagi qarashlari Xaydarova X. X. 77 Shahar ekotizimini boshqarishning tarixiy bosqichlari (samarqand misolida sotsiologik tahlil) Кодирова Ш. А. Совершенствование деятельности центров государственных услуг в формировании 80 положительного образа власти у граждан IQTISODIYOT / ECONOMICS Ubaydullaev Gʼ.Z. 88 O‘zbekistonda raqamli iqtisodiyotga o‘tish talablari va rivojlanish istiqbollari Aynaqulov M. A., Xudoyberdiyev B. B. 91 Motivatsiya samaradorlik garovi sifatida Ro‘zibayev O. M. O‘zbekiston respublikasida mehnat migratsiyasi muammolari va migratsiya asosida pul 94 o‘tkazmalari statistik tahlili Arabov N. U., Usmanov I. A. 98 Mehnat bozori infratuzilmasi rivojlanishining asosiy yo‘nalishlari Xamdamov E. T. AQSH va rivojlangan davlatlar monetar siyosati tajribalaridan qo‘llashning nazariy va amaliy 104 masalalari Imomova N. А. Oʼzbekistondа ishchi kuchi migrаtsiyasi shаkillаnishining oʼzigа xos xududiy xususiyatlаri vа 106 muommolаri Шукуриллаев У., Усмонов Б. 11 Человеческий капитал как ключевой фактор инновационной экономики страны 2 O‘QITISH METODIKASI / TEACHING METHODOLOGY Jumayev Sh.U. Talabalarga loyihalash elimentlarini o’rgatish orqali ularning ijodkorlik qobilyatlarini 118 rivojlantirish Эрназарова Н. Х. Формирование познавательного интереса к математическому образованию студентов 121 гуманитарных факультетов Uzoqova L.P., Turdieva M.J. Maxsus fanlardan mashg’ulotlarni muammoli o’qitish tеxnologiyasi asosida tashkil etishning 123 ilmiy-amaliy asoslari So‘fiboeva G. 129 O‘qitish jarayonida integratsiyalashgan texnologiyani qo‘llash Vafoyeva M., Shodiyorova U. 135 Boshlang’ich ta’lim darsliklarida maqollarning berilishi va o’qitilishi Mualliflarga 3 ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA TARIX 2020 - yil, 2 - son UDK: 930.2:070.432(04) GAZETA BOSH MAQOLALARI MANBA SIFATIDA D. T. Eshbekova Jizzax davlat pedagogika instituti [email protected] Annotatsiya. Maqolada tarixiy manba sifatida gazeta materiallarining o‘rni va ahamiyati haqida fikr yuritilib, gazetadan olingan alohida bir janrni o‘rganish tajribasini yoritishga harakat qilingan. Unda “Qizil O‘zbekiston” gazetasining 1920-yillarning ikkinchi yarmida e’lon qilingan tahririyat (bosh) maqolalari tahlil qilingan. Maqolada tahririyat (bosh) maqolalarining gazeta materiallari tizimidagi o‘rni, ularning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, turlari haqidagi ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Gazeta bosh maqolalarida jamiyat va davlat hayotining turli sohalariga oid muhim masalalar, bu sohalardagi muammolar, vazifalar o‘z ifodasini topganligi, shuningdek, bu masalalar yuzasidan tahlillar va talqinlar partiya va sovet hokimiyatining qarorlari, ko‘rsatmalariga muvofiq tarzda ilgari surilganligi kuzatildi. Kalit so‘zlar: tarixiy manba, davriy matbuot, gazeta, maqola, tahririyat (bosh) maqolalari, “Qizil O‘zbekiston” gazetasi, tizimli tahlil Передовые статьи газет в качестве источников Аннотация. В статье анализируются редакционные (передовые) статьи газеты «Красный Узбекистан», опубликованные во второй половине 1920-х годов. Содержит информацию о роли редакционных (передовых) статей в системе газетных материалов, их особенностях и видах. Наблюдается, что в передовых статьях газеты отражены важные вопросы, связанные с различными сферами общественной и государственной жизни, проблемы и задачи в этих сферах, и что анализ и интерпретация этих вопросов были сделаны в соответствии с решениями и инструкциями партии и советской власти. Ключевые слова: исторический источник, периодическая печать, газета, статья, редакционные (передовые) статьи, газета «Кизил Узбекистон», системный анализ Leading articles of newspapers as sources Abstract. The article gives an overview of the role and importance of newspaper materials as a historical source. There is attempted to illustrate the experience of studying a particular genre of newspapers. There is given the analyses of the editorial (leading) articles of the newspaper “Qizil Uzbekiston” published in the second half of the 1920s. The article contains information on the role of editorial (leading) articles in the system of newspaper materials, their features and types. It is observed that the leading articles of the newspaper reflect important issues relating to various areas of public and state life, problems and tasks in these areas. The analysis and interpretation of these issues were run in accordance with the decisions and instructions of the Party and the Soviet government. Keywords: historical source, periodicals, newspaper, article, editorial (leading) articles, newspaper “Qizil O`zbekiston”, systematic analysis. Gazeta va jurnallar paydo bo‘lishi bilan ularning jamiyat hayotiga ta’siri yuqori bo‘lib kelmoqda. Shu tufayli tarixiy manbalar tizimida ham davriy matbuot muhim o‘rin egallaydi. Gazeta va jurnallar o‘zida davr voqeligini u yoki bu darajada ifoda etganligi sababli yangi va eng yangi davr voqealari tadqiq etilgan ko‘plab ishlarda davriy matbuot materiallariga murojaat qilingan. Ular asosiy manba sifatida boshqa manbalar bilan taqqoslash asosida ilmiy muomalaga tortilgan tadqiqot ishlari mavjud. Bu jihatdan S.B. Shadmanova [16], K.J. Rahmonov [13], V. Muhammadjonova [10] kabi bir qator tadqiqotchilarning ishlarini aytib o‘tish mumkin. So‘nggi vaqtlarda davriy matbuotning alohida olingan bir janrini tadqiqot manbasi sifatida o‘rgangan ilmiy ishlar yaratildi. Mutaxassislar davriy matbuotda uchraydigan matnlar xilma-xilligidan tashqari, davriy matbuot janrlarining butun bir tizimi (maqolalar, ocherklar, obzor (umumlashtiruvchi qisqacha ma’lumot, tahlil), felуeton, xabarlar, taqriz va boshqalar) mavjudligiga e’tibor qaratishadi. Davriy matbuot uyg‘un birlikka ega manba emas, o‘zida manbalar majmuini aks ettiradi[11]. Unda hujjatli materiallar – qonun va boshqa me’yoriy-huquqiy hujjatlar, akt xarakteridagi (ish yuritishga oid) hujjatlar, shuningdek, hikoyaviy manbalar - davlat apparati, axborot agentliklari zamirida maxsus e’lon qilish uchun tayyorlangan shaxssiz axborot-yangilik hisobotlari, obzor (qisqacha umumlashtiruvchi ma’lumot), xabarlar, 4 ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA TARIX 2020 - yil, 2 - son e’lonlar, qaydlar, solnoma va boshqa materiallar o‘z ifodasini topadi. Davriy matbuotda yozma manbalarning xilma xil turlaridan tashqari, tasviriy manbalar (fotografiya, karikatura, rasm) jamlangan. Asosiy “manbaviy” birlik sifatida gazeta sonlarining butun nashr materiallari emas, bosh maqolalari[12, 1] yoki fotoreportajlari[7, 8] olingan xorijiy tadqiqot ishlari mavjud. Gazeta materiallariga manba sifatida bunday alohida yondashuv davriy matbuotda e’lon qilingan materiallarning xilma-xil turlarini va ularning har
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