DOCSLIB.ORG

The So-Called Mixed Text: an Examination of the Non-Alexandrian and Non-Byzantine Text-Type in the Catholic Epistles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 2007 The So-Called Mixed Text: an Examination of the Non-Alexandrian and Non-Byzantine Text-Type in the Catholic Epistles Clinton S. Baldwin Andrews University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, and the Catholic Studies Commons Recommended Citation Baldwin, Clinton S., "The So-Called Mixed Text: an Examination of the Non-Alexandrian and Non-Byzantine Text-Type in the Catholic Epistles" (2007). Dissertations. 14. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/14 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thank you for your interest in the Andrews University Digital Library of Dissertations and Theses. Please honor the copyright of this document by not duplicating or distributing additional copies in any form without the author’s express written permission. Thanks for your cooperation. ABSTRACT THE SO-CALLED MIXED TEXT: AN EXAMINATION OF THE NON-ALEXANDRIAN AND NON-BYZANTINE TEXT-TYPE IN THE CATHOLIC EPISTLES by Clinton Baldwin Co-Advisers: William Warren Robert Johnston Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary Title: THE SO-CALLED MIXED TEXT: AN EXAMINATION OF THE NON- ALEXANDRIAN AND NON-BYZANTINE TEXT-TYPE IN THE CATHOLIC EPISTLES Name of researcher: Clinton Baldwin Name and degree of faculty co-advisers: William Warren, Ph.D. Robert Johnston, Ph.D. Date completed: July 2007 Problem Since the eighteenth century, textual scholars have been grouping New Testament Greek manuscripts into groups called text-types in order to evaluate the thousands of variant readings found in these manuscripts. These text-types form the basis for determining the earliest form of the text—the primary goal of New Testament Textual Criticism. Almost all textual critics recognize three main text types: Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine. However, in recent times, W. Larry Richards and his followers identified a “mixed text-type” in six books of the Catholic Epistles that is distinguishable from the already established text-types. This text-type, if supported by empirical investigation to be more original than the Alexandrian and Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Byzantine texts, could necessitate the re-evaluation of these established text-types, and also the reevaluation of the designation ‘mixed’ attributed to this group. Purpose The purpose of this study was to do a more complete identification of this supposed mixed text-type in the Catholic Epistles and to determine the weighted value of these mixed manuscripts. Method Two hundred and twenty manuscripts were classified using the two-tiered process of Factor Analysis and a modified form of the Claremont Profile Method. (An additional 187 manuscripts already classified were also studied.) The distinctive readings of the mixed manuscripts that were classified as a result of this process were then evaluated using the canons of textual criticism. Results In addition to a more comprehensive picture of these mixed manuscripts, it was confirmed that the weighted value of this mixed category was negligible in terms of uncovering the earliest original, as only thirteen (18.5%) of seventy-two unique readings were confirmed to be the earliest form of the text. Probably the most significant fact that these mixed manuscripts affirm is that the evolution of the New Testament text that began in the early centuries continued in the Middle Ages. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Conclusion The distinctive readings of the mixed text-type do not make a significant contribution to uncovering the earliest form of the text. Recommendation It would be worthwhile to ascertain whether this mixed phenomenon also exists in other parts of the New Testament and what is the weighted value that it carries in these other places in all factors that surround the history of the text. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary THE SO-CALLED MIXED TEXT: AN EXAMINATION OF THE NON-ALEXANDRIAN AND NON-BYZANTINE TEXT-TYPE IN THE CATHOLIC EPISTLES A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Clinton Baldwin July 2007 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3279252 Copyright 2007 by Baldwin, Clinton All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ® UMI UMI Microform 3279252 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Copyright by Clinton Baldwin 2007 All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. THE SO-CALLED MIXED TEXT: AN EXAMINATION OF THE NON-ALEXANDRIAN AND NON-BYZANTINE TEXT-TYPE IN THE CATHOLIC EPISTLES A dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy by Clinton Baldwin APPROVAL BY T COMfyHTTEE: . Faculty Ad\ Director, Pn.D./Th.D. Program William F. Warren, Jr. Roy E. Gane Landrum P. Leavell II Chair and Professor of New Testament and Greek IS -fcrof?/} Robert M. Johnstor SDA Theologicalleological Seminary SeDean, Professor of New Testament and Christian J. H. Denis Fortin Origins. Emeritus W. Younker / / Professor of Old Testament and Biblical Archae^jbgy f \ 0 ^ ___________ Roy E. Game Professor of Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near Easternastern LanguagesLanguages Z I M / & w ly Norris C. Grubbs Date a^p^ovea Assistant Professor of New Testament and Greek New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary i Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... vii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................ 1 The Phenomenon of Mixture: General Characteristics ...................... 3 The So-Called Mixed Text, as Proposed by Richards, Robinson, and Yoo ....................................................... 6 Purpose of the Study ........................................................................... 10 Delimitations ....................................................................................... 13 Delineation of the Study ..................................................................... 14 II. OVERVIEW OF MAJOR WORKS OF CLASSIFICATION AND PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE MIXED TEXT-TYPE IN THE CATHOLIC EPISTLES..................................................................... 16 Overview of Major Works of Classification ...................................... 16 Preliminary Evaluation of the So-called Mixed Text-type in the Catholic Epistles ................................................................. 26 Description of the Manuscripts ..................................................... 26 Preliminary Analysis of the Known Mixed Manuscripts ............. 34 From the Manuscripts Mixed in One B ook .................................. 37 From the Manuscripts Mixed in Two Books ................................ 39 From the Manuscripts Mixed in Three Books .............................. 40 From the Manuscripts Mixed in Four Books ................................ 41 ffl. RECLASSIFICATION OF JAMES AND 2 PETER.................................. 45 Factor Analysis as a Means of Forming Tentative Groups ................ 46 The Development of Factor Analysis ................................................. 49 Application of Factor Analysis to Textual Criticism.......................... 49 Procedure for Its Use in Textual Criticism ......................................... 51 iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. The Classification of James by Factor Analysis and the Claremont Profile Method ................................................ 53 James Mixed Group
Recommended publications
  • And the Goal of New Testament Textual Criticism

    And the Goal of New Testament Textual Criticism

    RECONSTRUCTING THE TEXT OF THE CHURCH: THE “CANONICAL TEXT” AND THE GOAL OF NEW TESTAMENT TEXTUAL CRITICISM by DAVID RICHARD HERBISON A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Master of Arts in Biblical Studies We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard ............................................................................... Dr. Kent Clarke, Ph.D.; Thesis Supervisor ................................................................................ Dr. Craig Allert, Ph.D.; Second Reader TRINITY WESTERN UNIVERSITY December 2015 © David Richard Herbison ABSTRACT Over the last several decades, a number of scholars have raised questions about the feasibility of achieving New Testament textual criticism’s traditional goal of establishing the “original text” of the New Testament documents. In light of these questions, several alternative goals have been proposed. Among these is a proposal that was made by Brevard Childs, arguing that text critics should go about reconstructing the “canonical text” of the New Testament rather than the “original text.” However, concepts of “canon” have generally been limited to discussions of which books were included or excluded from a list of authoritative writings, not necessarily the specific textual readings within those writings. Therefore, any proposal that seeks to apply notions of “canon” to the goals and methods of textual criticism warrants further investigation. This thesis evaluates Childs’
  • Vocalic Phonology in New Testament Manuscripts

    Vocalic Phonology in New Testament Manuscripts

    VOCALIC PHONOLOGY IN NEW TESTAMENT MANUSCRIPTS by DOUGLAS LLOYD ANDERSON (Under the direction of Jared Klein) ABSTRACT This thesis investigates the development of iotacism and the merger of ! and " in Roman and Byzantine manuscripts of the New Testament. Chapter two uses onomastic variation in the manuscripts of Luke to demonstrate that the confusion of # and $ did not become prevalent until the seventh or eighth century. Furthermore, the variations % ~ # and % ~ $ did not manifest themselves until the ninth century, and then only adjacent to resonants. Chapter three treats the unexpected rarity of the confusion of o and " in certain second through fifth century New Testament manuscripts, postulating a merger of o and " in the second century CE in the communities producing the New Testament. Finally, chapter four discusses the chronology of these vocalic mergers to show that the Greek of the New Testament more closely parallels Attic inscriptions than Egyptian papyri. INDEX WORDS: Phonology, New Testament, Luke, Greek language, Bilingual interference, Iotacism, Vowel quantity, Koine, Dialect VOCALIC PHONOLOGY IN NEW TESTAMENT MANUSCRIPTS by DOUGLAS LLOYD ANDERSON B.A., Emory University, 2003 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2007 © 2007 Douglas Anderson All Rights Reserved VOCALIC PHONOLOGY IN NEW TESTAMENT MANUSCRIPTS by DOUGLAS LLOYD ANDERSON Major Professor: Jared Klein Committee: Erika Hermanowicz Richard
  • The Septuagint As Christian Scripture: Its Prehistory and the Problem of Its

    The Septuagint As Christian Scripture: Its Prehistory and the Problem of Its

    OLD TESTAMENT STUDIES Edited by David J. Reimer OLD TESTAMENT STUDIES The mid-twentieth century was a period of great confidence in the study of the Hebrew Bible: many historical and literary questions appeared to be settled, and a constructive theological programme was well underway. Now, at the turn of the century, the picture is very different. Conflicting positions are taken on historical issues; scholars disagree not only on how to pose the questions, but also on what to admit as evidence. Sharply divergent methods are used in ever more popular literary studies of the Bible. Theological ferment persists, but is the Bible's theological vision coherent, or otherwise? The Old Testament Studies series provides an outlet for thoughtful debate in the fundamental areas of biblical history, theology and literature. Martin Hengel is well known for his seminal work on early Judaism and nascent Christianity. In this volume he turns his attention to the Septuagint—the first bible of the church, yet a product of Greek- speaking Judaism. Hengel probes into the historical and theological puzzles posed by the Septuagint opening a window on the formation of canon and attitudes to scripture in the Christian tradition, and on the relationship between Judaism and Christianity in the early centuries of the era. THE SEPTUAGINT AS CHRISTIAN SCRIPTURE THE SEPTUAGINT AS CHRISTIAN SCRIPTURE Its Prehistory and the Problem of Its Canon Martin Hengel with the assistance of Roland Deines Introduction by Robert Hanhart Translated by Mark E. Biddle T&T CLARK EDINBURGH & NEW YORK T&T CLARK LTD A Continuum imprint 59 George Street 370 Lexington Avenue Edinburgh EH2 2LQ New York 10017-6503 Scotland USA www.tandtclark.co.uk www.continuumbooks.com Copyright © T&T Clark Ltd, 2002 All rights reserved.
  • Textual Variation: Theological and Social Motivation

    Textual Variation: Theological and Social Motivation

    University of Birmingham An Introduction to Greek New Testament Commentaries with a Preliminary Checklist of New Testament Catena Manuscripts Houghton, Hugh; Parker, David License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (Harvard): Houghton, H & Parker, D 2016, An Introduction to Greek New Testament Commentaries with a Preliminary Checklist of New Testament Catena Manuscripts. in H Houghton (ed.), Commentaries, Catenae and Biblical Tradition., 1, Texts and Studies third series, no. 3.13, Gorgias Press, Piscataway, NJ, pp. 1-36, The Ninth Birmingham Colloquium on the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2/03/15. <http://gorgiaspress.com/bookshop/download/Commentaries,%20Catenae%20and%20Biblical%20Tradition.pdf > Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Eligibility for repository: Checked on 10/5/2016 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
  • Text of the Gospel of Mark: Lake Revisited

    Text of the Gospel of Mark: Lake Revisited

    BABELAO 3 (2014), p. 145-169 + Appendix, p. 171-289 © ABELAO (Belgium) The « Caesarean » Text of the Gospel of Mark: Lake Revisited By Didier Lafleur IRHT - Paris n the field of history and practice of New Testament textual criticism, two major stages were initiated during the last cen- tury by Kirsopp Lake. The first of these was the publication, Iin 19 02, of a survey concerning Codex 1 of the Gospels and its Allies, in the Texts and Studies series (7:3). The second stage was the pub- lication, in 1928, with Robert P. Blake and Silva New, of « The Caesarean Text of the Gospel of Mark » in the Harvard Theological Review (21:4). For the first time, the authors emphasized the exist- ence of such text on the basis of three major pieces of evidence: the Greek manuscripts, the patristic witnesses and the Oriental versions. Since then, the question of the « Caesarean » text-type has been a very disputed matter. It still remains an important tex- tual issue.1 1 This paper was first presented during the Society of Biblical Literature Annual Meeting 2012, Chicago, November 18. 146 D. LAFLEUR Our plan is not to discuss here about the « Caesarean » text and its subsequent developments, but to mainly focus the genesis of Lake’s publication. The survey of his preliminary works will help us to better consider, after a short account of Lake’s biobibliography, the way he followed until the 1928 « Caesarean Text of the Gospel of Mark » and which methodology he used. We will then emphasize one of the three pieces of evidence quot- ed by the authors, the evidence of the Greek manuscripts as de- scribed in their tables of variants.
  • University of Birmingham Electronic Transcriptions of New Testament

    University of Birmingham Electronic Transcriptions of New Testament

    University of Birmingham Electronic transcriptions of new testament manuscripts and their accuracy, documentation and publication Houghton, H.A.G. DOI: 10.1163/9789004399297_009 License: Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (Harvard): Houghton, HAG 2019, Electronic transcriptions of new testament manuscripts and their accuracy, documentation and publication. in C Clivaz, D Hamidovi & S Savant (eds), Ancient Manuscripts in Digital Culture: Visualisation, Data Mining, Communication . vol. 3, Digital Biblical Studies, vol. 3, Brill, Leiden, pp. 133- 153. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004399297_009 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Checked for eligibility: 30/05/2019 Houghton, H..G. (2019). "Electronic Transcriptions of New Testament Manuscripts and their Accuracy, Documentation and Publication". In Ancient Manuscripts in Digital Culture. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004399297_009 https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004399297/BP000008.xml General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
  • &lt;I&gt;Pericope Adulterae&lt;/I&gt;

    <I>Pericope Adulterae</I>

    Novum Testamentum 51 (2009) 209-231 brill.nl/nt Th e Initial Location of the Pericope Adulterae in Fourfold Tradition1 Chris Keith Lincoln, Illinois Abstract Th is article responds to the recent claim of Josep Rius-Camps that the Pericope Adulterae was originally composed by Mark. Rius-Camps, in making his creative proposal, has over- looked signifi cant textual and patristic evidence regarding where early Christians con- fronted the story of Jesus and the adulteress. Th is evidence suggests that, while the Pericope Adulterae is not original to the Gospel of John, its fi rst location in fourfold gospel tradition was its traditional location, John 7:53-8:11. Keywords Pericope Adulterae; textual criticism; patristics; fourfold canon; Gospel of John Now, here is a mystery, or rather, here are several mysteries! A good story, characteristic of Jesus, but with a very uncertain origin, and a varied history.2 Josep Rius-Camps has recently put forward the argument that the Pericope Adulterae (hereafter PA) was originally composed by Mark and placed in his gospel after Mark 12:12.3 Th is modifi es an earlier publication of Rius- Camps, where he claimed PA was originally penned by Luke for his gos- pel.4 In the more recent article, he states his revised hypothesis as such: 1) Th is article is a modifi ed version of a chapter from Chris Keith, Th e Pericope Adulterae, the Gospel of John, and the Literacy of Jesus (NTTSD 38; Leiden: Brill, forthcoming 2009). 2) Frederick A. Schilling, “Th e Story of Jesus and the Adulteress,” ATh R 37 (1955) 92.
  • A Descriptive Catalogue of the Greek Manuscript Collection of Lambeth Palace Library

    A Descriptive Catalogue of the Greek Manuscript Collection of Lambeth Palace Library

    A Descriptive Catalogue of the Greek Manuscript Collection of Lambeth Palace Library Christopher Wright, Maria Argyrou and Charalambos Dendrinos Lambeth Palace Library Hellenic Institute Royal Holloway, University of London February 2016 Contents TABLEOFCONTENTS Preface by His Grace Justin Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury ::::::::::::::::::::::: 4 Preface by Mr Anastasios P. Leventis, the A. G. Leventis Foundation ::::::::::::::::: 5 Cataloguing the Greek Manuscripts of Lambeth Palace Library :::::::::::::::::::::: 7 Lambeth Palace Library: a brief history ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 10 Constantinople and Canterbury: contact and collaboration ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 13 Provenance and Sub-Collections ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 19 Notable features of manuscripts in the collection ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 30 List of Abbreviations:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::36 Technical notes and feedback:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::39 Editorial Conventions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 40 Glossary of Terms Used :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 41 MS. 461 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 45 MS. 1194 :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 260 MS. 528 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 52 MS. 1195 :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 269 MS. 528 B :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 59 MS. 1196 :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 280 MS. 802 (a–b) ::::::::::::::::::::::: 63 MS. 1197 :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 298 MS. 1175 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::
  • Coptic Literature in Context (4Th-13Th Cent.): Cultural Landscape, Literary Production, and Manuscript Archaeology

    Coptic Literature in Context (4Th-13Th Cent.): Cultural Landscape, Literary Production, and Manuscript Archaeology

    PAST – Percorsi, Strumenti e Temi di Archeologia Direzione della collana Carlo Citter (Siena) Massimiliano David (Bologna) Donatella Nuzzo (Bari) Maria Carla Somma (Chieti) Francesca Romana Stasolla (Roma) Comitato scientifico Andrzej Buko (Varsavia) Neil Christie (Leichester) Francisca Feraudi-Gruénais (Heidelberg) Dale Kinney (New York) Mats Roslund (Lund) Miljenko Jurković (Zagabria) Anne Nissen (Paris) Askold Ivantchik (Mosca) This volume, which is one of the scientific outcomes of the ERC Advanced project ‘PAThs’ – ‘Tracking Papy- rus and Parchment Paths: An Archaeological Atlas of Coptic Literature. Literary Texts in their Geographical Context: Production, Copying, Usage, Dissemination and Storage’, has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme, grant no. 687567. I testi pubblicati nella collana sono soggetti a valutazione secondo la procedura del doppio blind referee In copertina: P. Mich. 5421 e una veduta di Karanis © Roma 2020, Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon S.r.l. via Ajaccio 41-43, 00198 Roma - tel 0685358444 email: [email protected] eISBN 978-88-5491-058-4 Coptic Literature in Context (4th-13th cent.): Cultural Landscape, Literary Production, and Manuscript Archaeology Proceedings of the Third Conference of the ERC Project “Tracking Papyrus and Parchment Paths: An Archaeological Atlas of Coptic Literature. Literary Texts in their Geographical Context (‘PAThs’)”. edited by Paola Buzi Edizioni Quasar Table of Contents Paola Buzi The Places of Coptic Literary Manuscripts: Real and Imaginary Landscapes. Theoretical Reflections in Guise of Introduction 7 Part I The Geography of Coptic Literature: Archaeological Contexts, Cultural Landscapes, Literary Texts, and Book Forms Jean-Luc Fournet Temples in Late Antique Egypt: Cultic Heritage between Ideology, Pragmatism, and Artistic Recycling 29 Tito Orlandi Localisation and Construction of Churches in Coptic Literature 51 Francesco Valerio Scribes and Scripts in the Library of the Monastery of the Archangel Michael at Phantoou.
  • Reflections on Moravian Pietism

    Reflections on Moravian Pietism

    REFLECTIONS ON MORAVIAN PIETISM By ELIZABETH ZORB* NOT everyone who has been crucified, burned at the stake, or thrown to the lions has left his mark on history. But John Hus did. John Hus was burned at the stake in Constance in July, 1415, and his martyr's death had far reaching consequences-as far reaching as Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and Salem, North Carolina- cities on a continent of which Hus had never even heard. His death rekindled a Bohemian national religious revolt that led, some forty years later, to the founding of a pre-Reformation church, the Unitas Fratrum. Members of the Unitas Fratrum, also known as the Bohemian Brethren, were protestant pietists, long before either of these words was generally used or had acquired its present meaning. By 1550 there were three branches of the Unitas Fratrum: in Bohemia, in Moravia, and in Poland, with a membership of about 200,000. About a century and a half after its founding, the Unitas Fratrum had a great leader and bishop, John Amos Comenius (1592-1670), who is best known as a pioneer of modern educa- tional theories, a man of universal learning, author of some two hundred treatises on an immense variety of subjects-scientific, philosophical, literary, and linguistic, as well as theological. He transmitted a reverence for learning and a high standard of educa- tion to the succeeding generations of his Moravian Brethren. Co- menius is known to many as the father of the elementary school, of the grade-school method, and of visual education. He apparently issued one of the first picture books ever written for children and his book The School of Infancy was particularly famous.
  • Kurt Aland in Memoriam

    Kurt Aland in Memoriam

    KURT ALAND IN MEMORIAM KURT ALAND IN MEMORIAM 0 1995 by Hemiann KurstStifhlng zur POdenmg der neuteslameniüchenTextfnaehmg M143Münrier/W., Geo~gskornmende7 HersieUunp: Re-g Münster INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Universitätsprediger Prof. Dr. Friedemann Merke1 Predigt im Trauergottesdienst für Prof. D. Kurt Aland am 21. April 1994 .......................................................................................... 7 Grußworte und Reden anläßlich der Gedenkakademie für Prof. D. Kurt Aland am 31. März 1995 im Festsaal des Rathauses zu Münster: Präses D. Hans-Martin Linnemann, stellv. Vorsitzender des Kuratoriums der Hermann Kunst-Stiftung zur Förderung der neutestamentlichen Textforschung Grußwort................................................................................................. 12 Prof. Dr. Erdmann Sturm, Dekan der Evangelisch-Theologi- schen Fakultät der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster Grußwort.............................................................................................. 14 Prof. Dr. Martin Hengel Laudatio Kurt Aland ............................................................................. 17 Landesbischof i.R. Prof. D. Eduard Lohse, Vorsitzender des Vorstands der Hermann Kunst-Stiftung zur Förderung der neutestamentlichen Textforschung Wahrheit des Evangeliums - Zum Gedenken an Kurt Aland .... 35 Bibliographie Kurt Aland (zusammengestellt von Beate Köster und Christian Uhlig t)..... 41 Die wissenschaftlichen Mitarbeiter Kurt Alands seit 1959............ 72 Friedemann Merke1 PREDIGT IM TRAUERGOTTESDIENST'FÜR
  • Miracle and Mission. the Authentication of Missionaries and Their Message in the Longer Ending of Mark

    Miracle and Mission. the Authentication of Missionaries and Their Message in the Longer Ending of Mark

    Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament • 2. Reihe Herausgegeben von Martin Hengel und Otfried Hofius 112 ARTI BUS James A. Kelhoffer Miracle and Mission The Authentication of Missionaries and Their Message in the Longer Ending of Mark Mohr Siebeck JAMES A. KELHOFFER, born 1970; 1991 B.A. Wheaton College (IL); 1992 M.A. Wheaton Grad- uate School (IL); 1996 M.A. University of Chicago; 1999 Ph.D. University of Chicago; 1999- 2000 Visiting Assistant Professor of New Testament at the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago. Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Kelhoffer, James A.: Miracle and mission : the authentication of missionaries and their message in the longer ending of Mark / James A. Kelhoffer. - Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2000 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament: Reihe 2 ; 112) ISBN 3-16-147243-8 © 2000 by J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), P.O. Box 2040, D-72010 Tübingen. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publisher's written permission. The applies particularly to repro- ductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was printed by Guide-Druck in Tübingen on non-aging paper from Papierfabrik Nie- fern and bound by Heinr. Koch in Tübingen. Printed in Germany. ISSN 0340-9570 To my grandparents: Elsie Krath Alberich Anthony Henry Alberich Lillian Jay Kelhoffer f Herbert Frank Kelhoffer, Sr. Magnum opus et adruum, sed Deus adiutor noster est. (Augustine, de civ. D. Preface) Acknowledgments This book is a revision of my doctoral dissertation, "The Authentication of Missionaries and their Message in the Longer Ending of Mark (Mark 16:9-20)," written under the supervision of Adela Yarbro Collins at the University of Chicago and defended on December 9,1998.