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VOLUME 31 OCTOBER 1880 CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS VOLUME 31 January 1 to December 31,1989 Cooperating Agencies: CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE CALCOFI COORDINATOR Patricia Wolf EDITOR Julie Olfe SPANISH EDITOR Carina Lange This report is not copyrighted, except where otherwise indicated, and may be reproduced in other publications provided credit is given to the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations and to the author(s). Inquiries concerning this report should be addressed to CalCOFl Coordinator, Cali- fornia Department of Fish and Game, 330 Golden Shore, Suite 50, long Beach, CA 90802. EDITORIAL BOARD lzadore Barrett Richard Klingbeil Michael Mullin Published October 7990, la Jolla, California ISSN 0575-3377 CalCOFl Rep., Vol. 31,1990 CONTENTS In Memoriam .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5 I. Reports, Review, and Publications Report of the CalCOFI Committee .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 Review of Some California Fisheries for 1989 . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 9 Publications . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22 11. Fortieth Anniversary Symposium of the CalCOFI Conference, 1989 OCEAN OUTLOOK: GLOBAL CHANGE AND THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT .. .. 25 Presentation to Roger Revelle . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28 Remarks by the Honorable Leo McCarthy, Lieutenant Governor of California . .. .. , . .. 30 Remarks by the Honorable John Knauss, Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33 Panel Discussion: What Society Needs from Ocean Scientists in Preparing for Global Change. Robert Sulnick, By von She6 Edward Frieman, Bert Larkins, John McGowan, Boyce Thorne Millev, and Havry Scheiber . .. .. , .. ... .. , .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ......... .. 37 111. Scientific Contributions California Marine Research and the Founding of Modern Fisheries Oceanography: CalCOFI’s Early Years, 1947-1964. Havry N. Scheibev .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... ... 63 Settlement ofJuvenile California Halibut, Paralichthys cal~ovnicus,along the Coasts of Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego Counties in 1989. M. James Allen and Kevin ?: Herbinson . .. 84 Genetic Structure of White Seabass Populations from the Southern California Bight Region: Applications to Hatchery Enhancement. Devin M. Bartley and Donald B. Kent . .. .. .. 97 The Vertical Distribution and Feeding Habits of Two Common Midwater Fishes (Letrroglossus stilbius and Stenobvachius leucopsavus) off Santa Barbara. Gvegov M. Cailliet and AlfYed W Ebeling . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 106 The Market for Fish Meal and Oil in the United States: 1960-1988 and Future Prospects. Cynthia]. Thomson . .. .. .. , .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 124 Bathymetric Patterns in Size, Age, Sexual Maturity, Water Content, and Caloric Density of Dover Sole, Microstomus -.pacificus. John R. Huntev, john L. Butlev, Carol Kimbrell, and Eric A. Lynn . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. 132 Monitoring Interannual Changes in Spawning Area of Pacific Sardine (Savdinopssagax). Paul E. Smith ............................................................................................................ 145 Instructions to Authors .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 152 CalCOFI Basic Station Plan . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. inside back cover Indexed in Curvent Contents. Abstracted in Aquatic Sciences and Fishevies Abstracts and Oceanic Abstracts. IN MEMORIAM CalCOFl Rep., Vol. 31,1990 IN MEMORIAM James R. Thrailkill 1921- 1990 Jim Thrailkill (left) receives his forty-year service pin from Reuben Lasker. CalCOFI lost a friend when Jim Thrailkill died in in India during World War I1 and a stint as a surveyor Boise, Idaho, after a brief illness at the age of 68. for the U. S. Geological Survey. After retirement from the National Marine Fisheries His long career in fisheries began in 1949 when he Service in April 1986, Jim returned to his native transferred to the sardine investigation of the then Boise where he could enjoy the good trout fishing U.S. Fish arid Wildlife Service in San Diego. He and beautiful surroundings of nearby streams. joined others to begin the federal government’s co- At the time of his retirement, Jim was the leader operative investigations with Scripps Institution of of the Coastal and Pacific Fisheries Investigation Oceanography into the reasons for the catastrophic within the Coastal Fisheries Resources Division at decline in Pacific sardine landings. His first cruise the Southwest Fisheries Center. He received his was on the Block Doii<q/rls(Marine Life Research early education in Boise schools and graduated from Group Cruise No. 8) in October 1949, working the University of Kentucky in 1944 with a degree in from Mendocino to the Columbia River. Jim’s talent civil engineering. He later earned an M. S. in marine and dedication were immediately evident, and he biology from Oregon State University. His govern- became responsible for planning cruises, processing ment service also included time spent with the army plankton samples, and reducing data. In later years 5 IN MEMORIAM CalCOFl Rep., Vol. 31,1990 he supervised the conversion of field and laboratory Jim was a wonderfully warm and cheerful man. data procedures to a computerized system. Jim em- He always greeted people with a smile and friendly phasized accuracy and consistency in all aspects of conversation. He never hesitated to offer his help his CalCOFI work and is largely responsible for the when it was needed - and it usually was. Those of high quality of the time series. He was the author us who were fortunate enough to know Jim will of a series of scientific reports on zooplankton always remember his unbounded loyalty, generos- volumes, coauthor of several papers on plankton ity, and kindness. volume loss with time of preservation, and collabo- rator in the development of a high-speed plankton sampler. 6 COMMITTEE REPORT CalCOFl Rep., Vol. 31, 1 990 Part I REPORTS, REVIEW, AND PU BL I CAT10 N S REPORT OF THE CALCOFI COMMITTEE The CalCOFI family of member agencies ob- which was incorporated into a stock synthesis esti- served its fortieth anniversary in 1989 by acknowl- mate of anchovy spawning biomass. Unusually low edging past accomplishments and evaluating present water temperatures may have inhibited sexual ma- strengths in preparation for the global challenges of turity, reduced spawning activity, and resulted in a the years to come. The 40-year CalCOFI collection low estimate of spawning biomass, since the 1988 of physical, chemical, biological, and meteorologi- year class appeared large, and total biomass was cal data from the California Current is the most judged to be high. National Marine Fisheries Ser- complete ocean time series in the world, and has led vice (NMFS) and CDFG scientists prepared an to an understanding of the pelagic ecosystem that amendment to the anchovy Fishery Management is unmatched in any comparable marine region. Plan to allow a small reduction fishery under cir- CalCOFI has also served as a model of successful cumstances when the total biomass is high but collaboration among diverse agencies. An article in the spawning biomass is below the cutoff level this volume chronicles the early history of CalCOFI for fishing. and the roles of the visionary scientists and managers At the third annual meeting of MEXUS-Pacifico, who partnered in its development. it was suggested that the cooperative scope of this The sardine resource continues to recover, and the fisheries research agreement between the United California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) States and Mexico be broadened beyond coastal pe- permitted the fifth 1,000-ton quota fishery in as lagic species to include sea lions, sea turtles, and many years. For the second year, the quota, which remote sensing. We continued our routine exchange opened on January 1, 1990, was allocated between of fisheries and biological data, and conducted two northern (200 tons) and southern (800 tons) Califor- cruises in Mexican waters to estimate anchovy egg nia. The 800-ton quota was landed in one week, production. For 1990, we planned a port sampling completing the shortest season to date. workshop, joint egg production cruises to assess an- Fishery-related cruises included a 50-day ground- chovy and sardine biomass, a stock synthesis work- fish survey to collect sablefish eggs and evaluate the shop, and a workshop on fisheries applications of use of the egg production method for determining satellite technology. A workshop on aging pelagic spawning biomass; two cruises to collect sardine fishes was held in Ensenada. eggs off southern California and northern Baja Cal- CalCOFI continued to support the Spanish-Por- ifornia for biomass assessment; two night-lighting tugese Sardine Anchovy Recruitment Program cruises to assess recruitment of juvenile Pacific (SARP). We hosted a meeting to review work ac- mackerel; and one midwater trawl survey to collect complished over the last three years by SARP partic- young anchovy, mackerel, and sardines. The quar- ipants. A planning meeting sponsored by the Inter- terly CalCOFI cruises surveying the southern governmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) California sector
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