History of Oceanography, Number 09
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National Life Stories an Oral History of British
NATIONAL LIFE STORIES AN ORAL HISTORY OF BRITISH SCIENCE Professor Bob Dickson Interviewed by Dr Paul Merchant C1379/56 © The British Library Board http://sounds.bl.uk This interview and transcript is accessible via http://sounds.bl.uk . © The British Library Board. Please refer to the Oral History curators at the British Library prior to any publication or broadcast from this document. Oral History The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB United Kingdom +44 (0)20 7412 7404 [email protected] Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this transcript, however no transcript is an exact translation of the spoken word, and this document is intended to be a guide to the original recording, not replace it. Should you find any errors please inform the Oral History curators. © The British Library Board http://sounds.bl.uk British Library Sound Archive National Life Stories Interview Summary Sheet Title Page Ref no: C1379/56 Collection title: An Oral History of British Science Interviewee’s surname: Dickson Title: Professor Interviewee’s forename: Bob Sex: Male Occupation: oceanographer Date and place of birth: 4th December, 1941, Edinburgh, Scotland Mother’s occupation: Housewife , art Father’s occupation: Schoolmaster teacher (part time) [chemistry] Dates of recording, Compact flash cards used, tracks [from – to]: 9/8/11 [track 1-3], 16/12/11 [track 4- 7], 28/10/11 [track 8-12], 14/2/13 [track 13-15] Location of interview: CEFAS [Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science], Lowestoft, Suffolk Name of interviewer: Dr Paul Merchant Type of recorder: Marantz PMD661 Recording format : 661: WAV 24 bit 48kHz Total no. -
Cumulated Bibliography of Biographies of Ocean Scientists Deborah Day, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives Revised December 3, 2001
Cumulated Bibliography of Biographies of Ocean Scientists Deborah Day, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives Revised December 3, 2001. Preface This bibliography attempts to list all substantial autobiographies, biographies, festschrifts and obituaries of prominent oceanographers, marine biologists, fisheries scientists, and other scientists who worked in the marine environment published in journals and books after 1922, the publication date of Herdman’s Founders of Oceanography. The bibliography does not include newspaper obituaries, government documents, or citations to brief entries in general biographical sources. Items are listed alphabetically by author, and then chronologically by date of publication under a legend that includes the full name of the individual, his/her date of birth in European style(day, month in roman numeral, year), followed by his/her place of birth, then his date of death and place of death. Entries are in author-editor style following the Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 14th ed., 1993). Citations are annotated to list the language if it is not obvious from the text. Annotations will also indicate if the citation includes a list of the scientist’s papers, if there is a relationship between the author of the citation and the scientist, or if the citation is written for a particular audience. This bibliography of biographies of scientists of the sea is based on Jacqueline Carpine-Lancre’s bibliography of biographies first published annually beginning with issue 4 of the History of Oceanography Newsletter (September 1992). It was supplemented by a bibliography maintained by Eric L. Mills and citations in the biographical files of the Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD. -
William Francis Thompson Papers File://///Files/Shareddocs/Librarycollections/Manuscriptsarchives/Findaidsi
William Francis Thompson papers file://///files/shareddocs/librarycollections/manuscriptsarchives/findaidsi... UNIVERSITY UBRARIES w UNIVERSITY of WASH INCTON Spe, ial Colle tions. William Francis Thompson papers Inventory Accession No: 2597-006 Special Collections Division University of Washington Libraries Box 352900 Seattle, Washington, 98195-2900 USA (206) 543-1929 This document forms part of the Guide to the William Francis Thompson Papers. To find out more about the history, context, arrangement, availability and restrictions on this collection, click on the following link: http://digital.lib.washington.edu/findingaids/permalink/ThompsonWilliamFrancisUA2597/ Special Collections home page: http://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcollections/ Search Collection Guides: http://digital.lib.washington.edu/findingaids/search 1 of 1 8/19/2015 11:59 AM ,1. ,1) / '-4 .., , ., / , . INVENTORY OF PAPERS OF WILLIAM F. THOMPSON (1888-1965) FROM THE FILES OF ROBERT L. BURGNER Accession Number 2597-6 These papers and manuscripts from the files of Professor Robert L. Burgner consist of two parts. The first group contains both original and carbon copies of Thompson's correspondence and manuscript reports from the period 1912-1965 (Folders 1-9). The second set consists of published or processed reports by Thompson (and a few reports from others) during this same period (Folders 10-12). Folder 1. Original letters and hand written report by Thompson when he was employed ( 1912-1917) by the British Columbia Provincial Fisheries Department. a. Thompson to John Pease Babcock, dated Victoria 8 July 1912. He transmitted a hand written report on the oysters and other shellfish of Oyster Harbor, B.C. (attached). (Two reports on the shellfish of British Columbia were published by Thompson in 1913.) b. -
The Early Life History of Fish
Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer, 191: 339-344. 1989 Johan Hjort - founder of modern Norwegian fishery research and pioneer in recruitment thinking P. Solemdal and M. Sinclair Solemdal, P., and Sinclair, M. 1989. Johan Hjort - founder of modern Norwegian fishery research and pioneer in recruitment thinking. - Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer, 191: 339-344. A description of some major scientific controversies prior to 1914 that influenced the development of Hjort's thinking is presented. Particular attention is given to the difficulties encountered with the migration theory (which explained interannual fluctuations in fisheries landings in the North Atlantic) and the debate on local populations, overfishing, and the role of hatcheries in increasing yields from marine fisheries. The steps leading to his classic 1914 paper are summarized and highlights of the 1914 paper are discussed. It is concluded that Hjort’s work between 1893 and 1917 led to a shift in emphasis from adult migration to early life history processes in the study of interannual fluctuations in yield. P. Solemdal: Institute o f Marine Fisheries Research, P.O. Box 1870, N-5024 Bergen, Norway. M. Sinclair: Department o f Fisheries and Oceans, Halifax Fisheries Research Laboratory, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 257, Canada. Introduction Problems in the 1890s The great fluctuations in the fisheries of northern The major scientific problem facing marine biologists Europe at the end of the last century had enormous and oceanographers in the latter half of the 19th century influence on the economy. It was at this time that was an explanation of the interannual fluctuations in the question of overfishing was formulated. -
Former Fellows Biographical Index Part
Former Fellows of The Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783 – 2002 Biographical Index Part Two ISBN 0 902198 84 X Published July 2006 © The Royal Society of Edinburgh 22-26 George Street, Edinburgh, EH2 2PQ BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF FORMER FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1783 – 2002 PART II K-Z C D Waterston and A Macmillan Shearer This is a print-out of the biographical index of over 4000 former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh as held on the Society’s computer system in October 2005. It lists former Fellows from the foundation of the Society in 1783 to October 2002. Most are deceased Fellows up to and including the list given in the RSE Directory 2003 (Session 2002-3) but some former Fellows who left the Society by resignation or were removed from the roll are still living. HISTORY OF THE PROJECT Information on the Fellowship has been kept by the Society in many ways – unpublished sources include Council and Committee Minutes, Card Indices, and correspondence; published sources such as Transactions, Proceedings, Year Books, Billets, Candidates Lists, etc. All have been examined by the compilers, who have found the Minutes, particularly Committee Minutes, to be of variable quality, and it is to be regretted that the Society’s holdings of published billets and candidates lists are incomplete. The late Professor Neil Campbell prepared from these sources a loose-leaf list of some 1500 Ordinary Fellows elected during the Society’s first hundred years. He listed name and forenames, title where applicable and national honours, profession or discipline, position held, some information on membership of the other societies, dates of birth, election to the Society and death or resignation from the Society and reference to a printed biography. -
1. Canadian Marine SCIENCE from Before Titanic to the Establishment of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography in 1962 Eric L. Mills
HISTORICAL ROOTS 1. CANADIAN MARINE SCIENCE FROM BEFORE TITANIC TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BEDFORD INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY IN 1962 Eric L. Mills SUMMARY Beginning in the early 1960s, the Bedford Institute of Oceanography consolidated marine sciences and technologies that had developed separately, some of them since the late 19th century. Marine laboratories, devoted mainly to marine biology, were established in 1908 in St. Andrews, New Brunswick, and Nanaimo, British Columbia, and it was in them that Canada’s first studies in physical oceanography began in the early 1930s and became fully established after World War II. Charting and tidal observation developed separately in post-Confederation Canada, beginning in the last two decades of the 19th century, and becoming united in the Canadian Hydrographic Service in 1924. For a number of scientific and political reasons, Canadian marine sciences developed most rapidly after World War II (post-1945), including work in the Arctic, the founding of graduate programs in oceanography on both Atlantic and Pacific coasts, the reorientation of physical oceanography from the federal Fisheries Research Board to the federal Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, increased work on marine geology and geophysics, and eventually the founding of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, which brought all these fields together. Key words: Canadian marine science, Atlantic and Pacific biological stations, charting, tides, hydrography, post-World War II developments, origin of BIO. E-mail: [email protected] The Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO) opened formally in 1962 Europe decades before. The result, achieved with the help of university (Fig. 1), bringing together scientists and technologists who had worked in biologists, was an organizational structure, the Board of Management of fields as diverse as physical oceanography, hydrographic charting, marine the Biological Station (became the Biological Board of Canada in 1912), geology, and marine ecology. -
Miles Down! Oceanography Through History
MILES DOWN! OCEANOGRAPHY THROUGH HISTORY The history of oceanography is an international story of invention, individual adventure, and exploration that remains little-known. This exhibition presents an historical overview, using timelines, text, photographs, and profiles of oceanographic expeditions and individual scientists from around the world. Image: Colette Kerry From water’s edge, the oceans are as mysterious as the stars. In the 21st century, deep-sea exploration – like space exploration - is no longer a fantastic idea, but a fact of scientific life. How did we move below the surface to study the depths of the sea? This exhibition tells the story of curious humans posing questions about the oceans and developing the tools and technology to move miles down to explore the sea. The oceans that cover 71% of the world’s surface hide complex worlds within their depths. How ocean waters behave, what creatures inhabit the seas, what lies on the ocean floors, what makes up seawater: these are the questions that underlie the scientific study of the oceans - the science of oceanography. Oceanography is the scientific study of the oceans as complex, interrelated systems. It is a mixed science that combines many different approaches to understanding the watery portion of our planet. Physics explores the physical properties of the oceans, the currents and waves. It’s a study of matter and energy and the relation between them. Chemistry is concerned with the properties, composition, and structure of substances in the oceans and the changes they undergo when they combine or react. The geology of the seafloor explores the earth’s history, composition, structure and processes. -
The EERI Oral History Series
CONNECTIONS The EERI Oral History Series Robert E. Wallace CONNECTIONS The EERI Oral History Series Robert E. Wallace Stanley Scott, Interviewer Earthquake Engineering Research Institute Editor: Gail Hynes Shea, Albany, CA ([email protected]) Cover and book design: Laura H. Moger, Moorpark, CA Copyright ©1999 by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute and the Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute and the Bancroft Library of the University of California at Berkeley. No part may be reproduced, quoted, or transmitted in any form without the written permission of the executive director of the Earthquake Engi- neering Research Institute or the Director of the Bancroft Library of the University of California at Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for publication should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the oral history subject and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute or the University of California. Published by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute 499 14th Street, Suite 320 Oakland, CA 94612-1934 Tel: (510) 451-0905 Fax: (510) 451-5411 E-Mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.eeri.org EERI Publication No.: OHS-6 ISBN 0-943198-99-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wallace, R. E. (Robert Earl), 1916- Robert E. Wallace / Stanley Scott, interviewer. p. cm – (Connections: the EERI oral history series ; 7) (EERI publication ; no. -
The Surfperches)
UC San Diego Fish Bulletin Title Fish Bulletin No. 88. A Revision of the Family Embiotocidae (The Surfperches) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3qx7s3cn Author Tarp, Fred Harald Publication Date 1952-10-01 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME BUREAU OF MARINE FISHERIES FISH BULLETIN No. 88 A Revision of the Family Embiotocidae (The Surfperches) By FRED HARALD TARP October, 1952 1 2 3 4 1. INTRODUCTION* The viviparous surfperches (family Embiotocidae) are familiar to anglers and commercial fishermen alike, along the Pacific Coast of the United States. Until the present, 21 species have been recognized in the world. Two additional forms are herein described as new. Twenty species are found in California alone, although not all are restricted to that area. The family, because of its surf-loving nature, is characteristic of inshore areas, although by no means restricted to this niche. Two species are generally found in tidepools, while one, Zalembius rosaceus, occurs in fairly deep waters along the continental shelf. Because of their rather close relationships, the Embiotocidae have been a problem for the angler, the ecologist, the parasitologist, and others, to identify and even, occasionally, have proved to be difficult for the professional ichthy- ologist to determine. An attempt has been made in this revision, to remedy this situation by including full descrip- tions based on populations, rather than on individual specimens, and by including a key which, it is hoped, will prove adequate for juvenile specimens, as well as for adults. -
(Bill) Menard, 1920
U£NI\Y WILLIAM (SILU mtNI\I\D 1910 -1986 BY CJ:LtMtNT CMJ\5t • .... How I got here When Ed Goldberg and Bob Fisher first asked me to provide this piece about Bill Menard, I had in mind to do something in the way of institutional history. What was the effect of Bill on Scripps Institution of Oceanography? How would Scripps be different if Bill had never worked there? How would marine geology have developed without Bill's contributions? I soon found that this task was well I beyond my reach, requiring skills at human history / that scientific experience with Earth history do not Portrait of Henry William Menard, 1976. provide. These skills are one of the things that Bill didn't teach me when I was a graduate student working with him at Scripps from 1966-1970. The next stop in thinking about what I might do was a biography This too fell by the wayside, when I realized that others had provided superb descriptions of Bill's style and impact as a scientist and a mentor for students, especially his encouragement of women in oceanography. A list of these descriptions is compiled under "Encomia" at the end of this article. Any future biographer or historian of science interested in Bill's impact on his students and colleagues <overlapping groups) would do well to start with these brief histories. All 42 linear feet of Menard's personal papers and research materials, which he meticulously maintained, are held in the Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography <complete with a remarkably useful website). -
CW.01.08.Chemistry's Darwin.Indd
Historical profile The chemist who saved biology A long voyage led one young chemist to steer evolutionary biology onto the right course. Richard Corfield explores the life of chemistry’s Darwin In short John Young Buchanan was the sole chemist aboard HMS Challenger – a ship that spent four years studying the world’s oceans Previously seafaring scientific studies had mistakenly identified a substance on the seabed as a primitive organism that colonised the ocean floor throughout the globe Buchanan was responsible for uncovering this mistake, which could otherwise have seriously damaged the acceptance of evolutionary biology John Young Buchanan MUSEUM HISTORY NATURAL 56 | Chemistry World | February 2008 www.chemistryworld.org 135 years ago, a small steam and sail would be used to collect the samples. corvette slipped her moorings from Attached to this, at intervals, were the quayside in the bustling UK naval thermometers for measuring the city of Portsmouth and set out on thermal structure of the ocean, and one of history’s most extraordinary remote-controlled flasks for taking voyages of scientific discovery. HMS samples at different depths. At the NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM HISTORY NATURAL Challenger had been tasked – via an end of the sounding line was a device unlikely collaboration of the British for retrieving sediment samples Navy and the Royal Society – to from the seafloor itself. perform the first detailed study of It was essential to use steam the world’s oceans. power while dredging and sounding, The voyage had four specific because only with a consistent push objectives. The first was to from the propeller could the attitude investigate the physical conditions and position of the ship be kept of the deep sea in the great ocean constant. -
Indiana University Portraits 1881–1941 (Bulk 1880S–1890S)
Collection # P 0477 INDIANA UNIVERSITY PORTRAITS 1881–1941 (BULK 1880S–1890S) Collection Information Historical Sketch Scope and Content Note Series Contents Cataloging Information Processed by Barbara Quigley 5 April 2006 Revised 19 March 2014 Manuscript and Visual Collections Department William Henry Smith Memorial Library Indiana Historical Society 450 West Ohio Street Indianapolis, IN 46202-3269 www.indianahistory.org COLLECTION INFORMATION VOLUME OF 1 half photograph box, 2 cabinet card boxes, 3 PAB albums, COLLECTION: 1 OVB folder, 1 PAA album COLLECTION 1881–1941 (Bulk 1880s–1890s) DATES: PROVENANCE: Multiple RESTRICTIONS: None COPYRIGHT: REPRODUCTION Permission to reproduce or publish material in this collection RIGHTS: must be obtained from the Indiana Historical Society. ALTERNATE FORMATS: RELATED HOLDINGS: ACCESSION 1941.0116, 1941.0310, 1962.0030, 1993.0518, 1994.0201, NUMBERS: 1999.0674, 2002.0442 NOTES: HISTORICAL SKETCH On 20 January 1820 an Indiana legislative act adopted the establishment of a state seminary, and a location in Bloomington was selected in July of that year. Two years later construction began on the seminary building and professor’s house. In 1823 Baynard Rush Hall was hired as the first professor to teach in the seminary. Classes began in 1824 with an enrollment of ten men, although the construction of the seminary building was not completed until the following year. In 1828 the seminary was transformed into Indiana College. Andrew Wylie became the college’s first president in 1829, and held that office until 1851. In 1830 the college’s first class graduated. Additional construction expanded the campus, and in 1838 it became known as Indiana University (IU).