Yale University

Graduate School of Arts and Sciences

One Hundred Fifty-Eighth Commencement

Monday, May 20, 2019

Order of Exercises commencement diploma ceremony Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Monday, May 20, 2019

Organ Prelude Estwing Hammer Prize Passacaglia, BWV 582 Janet Burke J.S. Bach zheng Gong Jasmina Wiemann Sicilienne Maurice Durufle Excellence in Teaching Prize Anwar Mohiuddin Sonata IV nicolas Mongiardino Koch Felix Mendelssohn Miguel Ferreyros Memorial Award Chase Loomer, Organist Mike Chieco Processional Harry Burr Ferris Prize Nun danket alle Gott Sarah Hill Sigfrid Karg-Elert nikit Kumar Please rise when the faculty and graduating mengxiao Ma students enter the hall. William Ebenezer Ford Prize Sarah Arveson Recognition of Student Prize Recipients matteo Fabbri Lynn Cooley, Dean of the Graduate School Hans Gatzke Prize Marston Anderson Prize aner Barzilay Samuel Malissa kate Brackney Henry Prentiss Becton Prize Award for Academic Excellence in Global Affairs lili Wang Sophie Broach Frederick W. Beinecke Prize James B. Grossman Dissertation Prize Johns Graham David Melnikoff Frances Blanshard Fellowship Fund Prize Mary Ellen Jones Prize Magdalene Breidenthal katherine Farley-Barnes kirsty dootson Brady Summers Sylvia Ardyn Boone Prize Annie Le Fellowship Claire Schwartz Gabriela Bosque-Ortiz veronica Galvin George Washington Egleston Historical Prize Catherine Mas Elias Loomis Prize Chhavi Jain English Department Dissertation Prize Bowen Zhao Seo Hee Im James G. March Prize Theron Rockwell Field Prize nikhar Gaikwad Luisa Cortesi elizabeth Wellman Flynn Cratty John Spangler Nicholas Prize John Addison Porter Prize arun Chavan Catherine Mas ann Feke alexandra Morrison ignacio Quintero adele Ricciardi Jennifer Sun Public Service Award for Community Service durga Thakral Philip M. Orville Prize Jie Deng Public Service Award for Disciplinary Outreach terry Tang david Caianiello George Gaylord Simpson Prize Public Service Award as a Public Scholar Daniel Smith-Paredes damian Vergara Bracamontes Christopher Whalen Prize Teaching Fellows Jasmina Wiemann alexander Engler Joshua Gailey Carolyn Slayman Prize etienne Beijia Greenlee Edward Marsh kevin Tobia parker Sulkowski Graduate Mentor Award Edwin W. Small Prize inderpal Grewal Catherine Mas maureen Long Ben Zdencanovic Jennifer Richeson George Trimis Prize Taha Choukhmane Fabian Eckert Wayne Gao Joachim Hubmer yukun Liu Karl K. Turekian Prize yoshinori Miyazaki Richard Wolfgang Prize daniel Derosha Christopher Shugrue zachary Vealey Arthur and Mary Wright Prize Timothy Lorek Santiago Munoz Arbelaez Presentation of Diplomas Degree recipients, their families, and friends Lynn Cooley, Dean of the Graduate School are cordially invited to a reception in Caulkins Courtyard at the McDougal Center, 135 Prospect Recessional Street, immediately following Commencement Exercises. Ride of the Valkyries Richard Wagner, transcribed by Edwin Lemar

Academic Procession Lynn Cooley, Dean of the Graduate School Pamela Schirmeister, Senior Associate Dean and Dean of Strategic Initiatives Jasmina Besirevic Regan, Associate Dean Michelle Nearon, Associate Dean for Graduate Student Development and Diversity Richard Sleight, Associate Dean for Graduate Student Academic Support Lisa Brandes, Assistant Dean for Student Affairs Robert Harper-Mangels, Assistant Dean

Graduate School Banner Bearers Alexander Engler, Engineering & Applied Science, Biomedical Engineering Ben Zdencanovic, History phd Student Marshals Fabian Schrey, Economics Winnie Jiang, Management

MA Student Marshal Virginia Leape, Global Affairs

MS Student Marshal Mi (Paris) Li, Computer Science

MPHIL Student Marshal Cera Smith, African American Studies and English Language and Literature degrees granted, december 2018 and may 2019 african american studies american studies Doctor of Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy Phoenix Alexander Susie An Voices with Vision: Writing Black, Feminist Futures in Sovereign Beauty and Biopower in Post-Cold War South Twentieth Century African America Korea, 1987–Present English Language and Literature Jorge Enrique Cuellar Lauren Tallevi Meyer Neoliberal Soils: Land, Society, and Everyday Life in Defending Black Womanhood: African American Postwar El Salvador Women Lawyers and the Emergence of a Black Feminist Molly Anderson Greene Jurisprudence Deluge: On the Female Animal American Studies Danya M. Pilgrim Devin McGeehan Muchmore The Business of Sex: A Queer History of Pornography and Gastronomic Alchemy: How Black Philadelphia Caterers Commercial Culture in 1970s America Transformed Taste into Capital, 1790–1925 American Studies Pedro Regalado Santos Claire Schwartz Where Angels Fear to Tread: Latinx Work and the Making A Sidelong Glance: Art, Archives, and Visions of of Postindustrial New York Blackness in the Postmodern City Ila Rajiv Tyagi American Studies Extending the Eye: The American Oil Industry in Master of Philosophy Moving Images Film and Media Studies Anna Faith Duensing History Master of Philosophy Clara Wilson Hawken Emily Carson Coates American Studies Maria Angelina Diaz Master of Arts Master of Arts Camille Serafina Owens Kristin Ann Hankins American Studies Master of Arts Master of Arts Maryam Ivette Parhizkar Master of Arts African American Studies Stephane Daniel Andrade Master of Arts Sociology Sasha Sabherwal Demar Francis Lewis IV Master of Arts Sociology Maile J. Speakman Master of Arts african studies Yuhe Faye Wang Master of Arts Master of Arts Master of Arts Catherine Labiran Seunghwa Madeleine Han Ololade Siyonbola Joseph Buchanan Landman Daniella Posy George Charles Linderman Efficient Methods for Imputation, Dimensionality Jacinda Spring Tran Reduction, and Visualization of Biomedical Datasets Cooper Weissman MD/PhD Program Master of Philosophy anthropology Nicholas Fox Marshall Harmonic Analysis in Discrete Geometries Doctor of Philosophy Luisa Cortesi applied physics Living in Unquiet Waters: Knowledge and Technology in North Bihar Doctor of Philosophy Forestry & Environmental Studies Christopher James Axline Elaine Elizabeth Gomez Guevara Building Blocks for Modular Circuit QED Quantum Genomics of Primate Longevity Computing Tanambelo Vassili Reinaldo Rasolondrainy Eric Andrew Kittlaus Decision-Making in the Face of Unpredictable Climate Harnessing Traveling-Wave Photon-Phonon Interactions and Intergroup Conflicts in Southwest Madagascar, in Integrated Waveguides Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries CE Sonya Dawn Sawtelle Amelia Elizabeth M Sancilio Electromigration and Electrothermal Properties in Gold Is Accelerated Senescence a Cost of Reproduction? An Nanostructures Analysis of Life History Trade-offs in Master of Philosophy Post-menopausal Polish Women Mary Lou Padlan Bailey Master of Philosophy Master of Science Sophia Zehra Abbas Nicholas Bender Nicholas Edward Brown Master of Science Rachel J. Farell Nicholas Ernest Frattini Master of Science Rundong Ning Shai Gertler Matthew O’Malley Sumita Ghosh Shivangi Pareek Master of Science Theodore Alexander Callea Park Nils Thomas Otterstrom Zhixin Wang applied mathematics Master of Science Doctor of Philosophy Master of Science Sahil Agarwal Elizabeth Megan Bell Nonlinear Dynamics and Stochastic Processes with Astro- & Geophysical Applications archaeological studies Andrei Florin Deneanu Normality and Gaussian Perturbation Master of Arts Philip Greengard Jordan Lizbeth Boggan On Generalized Prolate Spheroidal Functions Rachel Marie Rose Logan Master of Philosophy Alexandra Elizabeth McKay Kanak Somani Michael William Grome Vesicle Tubulation with Self-Assembling DNA Patrick Clinton Wiley Nanosprings: Biomimetic Nanotechnology toward the Re-Capitulation & Re-Purposing of Sub-Cellular architecture Functions within an Artificial Framework Doctor of Philosophy Sarah Elizabeth Hill Autophagy at the Synapse: from Biogenesis to Breakdown Eugene Han A Theory of Common Form in Aesthetic Perception Yuhan Hu Regulation of Microtubule Dynamics via Abl2 Binding Master of Philosophy Jessica Faith Johnston David Timothy Turturo The Effects of Chromatin Organization on Nuclear Mechanics and Chromatin Dynamics astronomy MD/PhD Program Nikit Kumar Doctor of Philosophy Structural and Functional Investigation of Vps13 and Rosemary Anne Abramson Pikfyve Complex Proteins in the Regulation of Organelle Case Studies of Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies Membrane Homeostasis Experiencing Ram Pressure Stripping Mengxiao Ma Maria Jose Maureira SNX-BAR Proteins in Endosomal Sorting, Autophagy, Probing the Earliest Phases of Star Formation: and Lipid Homeostasis Characterization of First Core Candidates María Jesús Olarte Carhuaz Master of Philosophy Mechanism of Protein Targeting from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to Lipid Droplets Urmila Chadayammuri Nur-Taz Rahman Dhruba Dutta Chowdhury SRF/MRTFA Regulatory Axis: Its Role in Master of Science Megakaryopoiesis & De-Regulation in Acute Sarah Catherine Millholland Megakaryoblastic Leukemia Master of Science Alexander N Scherer Joel Jia Mian Ong Actin Filament Stabilization by Cortactin-Actin Master of Science Interactions Darryl Zachary Seligman MD/PhD Program Michael Jacob Warrener Levi Merlin Smith Master of Science Receptors for Amyloid Beta and Pharmacologic Intervention in Alzheimer’s Disease Lily Ling Zhao Master of Science Elizabeth Wen Sun The Lipid Transporter TMEM24/C2CD2L in a Ca2+- Master of Science Regulated Component of ER-Plasma Membrane Contact Yotam Cohen Sites in Mammalian Pancreatic Beta Cells and Neurons Ke Zhang cell biology The Abl2 Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase and Cortactin form Actin Waves that Promote Lamellipodia Formation Doctor of Philosophy MD/PhD Program Brittany Lynn Angarola Master of Philosophy Minimal Membrane Interactions Conferred by Rheb PeiQi Li Jr. C-Terminal Farnesylation are Essential for mTORC1 Activation cellular and molecular Julia Darcy physiology Multiple-Site Concerted Proton-Electron Transfer in Small Molecule Systems and Extensions to PCET at Carbon Doctor of Philosophy Daniel Edward DeRosha Lindsey Katharine Stavola Investigations of Diketiminate-Supported Iron and Cobalt The Roles of the Polycystins in Regulating Intracellular Chalcogenide Complexes: Small Molecule Activation and Signaling Pathways Electronic Structure Kevin Nai-Hsiu Su Leela Sriram Dodda The Role of LKB1-AMPK Signaling Pathway in Development and Application of OPLS Force Fields for Arrhythmogenesis Modeling Protein-Ligand Interactions Master of Philosophy Kyle William East Rosalie Bateson The Role of Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions in the Function and Fidelity of DNA Polymerase Beta and Matthew William Ellis CRISPR Cas9 Monitored by NMR Rachel Rhoades Kaspari Christos Economou Jinyu Li Total Synthesis of (+)-Batzelladine B, (–)-Dehydrobatzelladine C, (+)-Batzelladine E,(+)- Kun Lyu Batzelladine K, and (–)-Myrocin G Jack Michael Moen Kenneth Albert Jung Bichen Zhang Quantum Boltzmann Preserving Molecular Dynamics Beyond the Linear Response Regime chemistry Alexandra Khitun Chemoproteomic Approaches for Assaying Translation Doctor of Philosophy Scott Kolmar Jacob William Black Proton Coupled Electron Transfer in Small Molecule New Methods of Single Molecule Spectroscopy Using Systems Optical Tweezers Shin Hee Lee Jeffrey Adam Boerth Molecular Design and Synthesis of Novel Organic Dyes for Stereoselective Multicomponent Transformations Applications in Renewable Fuel Generation Facilitated by Rh(III)- and Co(III)-Catalyzed C-H Bond Xiaoshen Ma Functionalization Alkene Hydrogenation and Hydrofunctionalization by Anne Munroe Carroll Cobalt-Mediated Hydrogen Atom Transfer, Synthesis of Development of a Combined DNP/EPR Spectrometer (+)-Pleuromutilin Analogs via C-H Functionalization for the Investigation of Small Volume Samples by Solid and De Novo Synthetic Strategies, and Biophysical State NMR Characterization and Molecular Assignment of the Enigmatic “Host Release Factor” in Marine Symbiosis Janelle Kristin Castillo-Lora Assessment of the Thermodynamic Properties and Adam John Matula Reactivity of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer Processes Design and Theoretical Characterization of Novel at Colloidal Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide Molecules for Clean Energy Applications Nanoparticles Sean Francis McWilliams Caroline Chandra Tjin Dinitrogen Functionalization at Low-Coordinate Iron: Mechanism- and Structure- Based Development of Small Synthesis of Anilines from Dinitrogen and Benzene Molecule Inhibitors Against Therapeutically Important Megan Mohadjer Beromi Enzymes Understanding the Role of Nickel(I) in Nickel-Catalyzed Alex James Chinn Cross-Coupling Reactions Peptide-Mediated Asymmetric Cross-Coupling and Related Studies Coleen Teresa Nemes Slawomir Pawel Wojcik Towards In Situ Terahertz Spectroelectrochemistry Specificity of Interactions Between Intrinsically Disordered Proteins and Small Molecules Alexander Paul Parobek Nanoscale Absorption Spectroscopy by Near-Field Force Joshua Ethan Zweig Detection with an Optical Trap Computationally Guided Synthetic Design: Hemithioindigo Photoswitches & Total Synthesis of Indole Kim Quach Diterpenoids Investigating the Factors that Affect Trafficking of Hydrocarbon-Stapled Peptides and the Epidermal Growth Master of Science Factor Receptor Rishi Gupta Agarwal Raktim Roy Omar Mustapha Beleh Structural Studies on the Regulation of Bacterial Translation Apala Chaudhuri Alexander W. Schuppe Danielle Nicole Confair Total Syntheses of Andirolide N, Xylograntopyridine B, Julia Bryant Curley and Granatumine A Jonathan Dean Ellefsen Christopher Ryan Shugrue Development of Phosphothreonine (pThr)-Embedded Matthew Ryan Espinosa Peptides as Bronsted Acid Catalysts for Stereoselective Alexandra Gatsios Transformations Erik Bruce Gentzel Angela Steinauer Chemical Synthesis and Biological Mechanism of Olivia Francis Goethe Intracellular Delivery of Engineered Biomolecules Susan Laura Knox Matthew Douglas Streeter Yekaterina Kovalyova From Synthesis to Pathology: A Bottom-Up Approach to Studying the Role of Advanced Glycation End-Products in Xiaobai Li Diabetes and Aging Fang Lin Suzanne Szewczyk Maria-Elena Liosi Total Synthesis of Berkeleyone A and Transition-Metal Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds Zhe Mei Chad David Torgerson Deepto Mozumdar Exploring the Regulatory Circuitry of Glycine Ethan Alexander Perets Riboswitches Evan Hunt Perez Vinay Chetan Trivedi-Parmar Synthesis and Optimization of Non-Phenolic Inhibitors of Krystle Marie Reiss Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor John Andrew Rose Aneta Turlik Shanelle Shillingford Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Principinol D Jacob Alan Spies Zachary Vealey Tunneling Dynamics and Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs in Elizabeth Stone Model Proton-Transfer Systems Martin Tomanik Bo Wang Jonathan Tyson Integrating Genetic and Structural Features: Building a Hybrid Physical-Statistical Classifier for Variants Related Kevin Mark Wernke to Protein-Drug Interactions classics computational biology and bioinformatics Doctor of Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy Rachel Lilley Love Writing After Livy: Historical Epitomes and the Livian Mengting Gu Tradition A Transferable Framework for Large-Scale Genome Cynthia Carolyn Polsley Annotation with Applications in Disease Studies Contrafactual Structures in Ancient Greek Narrative Michael Klein Jennifer LeeAnne Cecelia Weintritt Two Novel Algorithms for Extracting Patient Specific Information from Tumor Biopsies Troy Story: The Greek Epic Cycle in Latin Epic GRAPE: A Pathway Template Method to Characterize Master of Philosophy Tissue-Specific Functionality from Gene Expression Profiles Liam Thomas Ahern CRSO: A Tool for Identifying Driver Gene Combinations in Individual Cancer Patients Treasa Mae Bell Alexandra Signoriello Daniel Alejandro Graves Computational Modeling of Immune Cells during Tumor History Development using the Deformable Particle Model Master of Arts Ruijie Song Lester Stephens Volume- and Cell-Cycle-Aware Stochastic Modeling of History Gene Networks Master of Arts Master of Science Master of Arts David Chang Nebojsa Todorovic Nir Neumark comparative literature Monique Surles-Zeigler Doctor of Philosophy Jiawei Wang Zhaolong Yu Julia Hazel Powers Brazil’s Mystical Realists: Hilda Hilst, Joao Guimaraes Rosa and Clarice Lispector in the 1960s computer science Noemi Yovel Doctor of Philosophy Confession and the German and American Novel: Intimate Talk, Violence and Last Confession Jose Manuel Faleiro High Performance Multi-core Transaction Processing via Master of Philosophy Deterministic Execution Lital Abazon Elena Corina Grigore Master of Arts Learning Supportive Behaviors for Adaptive Robots in Victoria Baena Human-Robot Collaboration Master of Arts Jieung Kim Honglan Huang Modular and Compositional Development of Certified Master of Arts Concurrent Software Systems Sam Donovan O’Donnell Joshua Zev Lockerman Classics Alternative History: Multi-Log Systems in Theory and Master of Arts Practice Camila Velez Valencia Aditi Ramachandran Master of Arts Building Effective Robot Tutoring Interactions for Children Xiongnan Wu Xiaoxiao Ouyang A Compositional Automation Engine for Verifying Bo Pang Complex System Software Master of Philosophy Baixue Shang Tianwei She Peizhen Guo Jaspal Singh William Triest Hallahan Master of Science Yang Song Bo Hu Chenao Wu Master of Science Hao Wu Lihi Idan Master of Science Chuyi Yang Meiying Qin Jingcan Yang Nicole Janny Salomons Han You Master of Science Lingsong Zeng Weiqi Shi Chi Zhang Master of Science Jingkuan Zhang Zeyu Wang Master of Science Wenjia Zhang Master of Science Zihan Zhao Tao Chen Tongyin Zheng Yuhuang Chen Yaxin Zheng He Yang Er Ding Zhou Siyao Fang Qiuxi Zhou Fan Feng east asian languages and Sean Haozhe Gao literatures Sahib Singh Grover Doctor of Philosophy Han Gu Mary Ellen Friends Xinchun He Love, Gender and Reception in Double Seventh Literature Yunhao Jiao Fu-ming Lee Yunhan Lan The Voice Revolution in Twentieth-Century China Haoruo Lei Samuel Asher Malissa Made in Translation: Japanese Translators & Japanese Mi Li Literature in English, 1880–1945 Suyi Li Xiaofang Shao Tong Li Writing (M)Other Tongues: Vernacularization and the Emergence of Modern Chinese Literature Cheng Luo Mengxiao Wang Jing Luo Interactions and Negotiations between Theatre and Yanning Mao Buddhism in Late Imperial China Qian Mu Master of Philosophy Bo An Film and Media Studies Master of Arts Yun Bai Master of Science Caitlin O’Donnell Casiello Dae-Min Kim Film and Media Studies Master of Arts Muyang Lu Jesse Richard Green Jean Celestin Charle Vila Master of Arts Adam Dante Haliburton economics Drisana Ruchi Misra Doctor of Philosophy Master of Arts Antoine Luc Pascal Arnoud Loren David Waller Essays in Macroeconomics and Computational Economics Master of Arts Leila Dare Bengali Master of Arts Essays on Information Use in Consumer Decision Making Jason Cody Douglass Anna Bykhovskaya Peer Effects: Theory and Measurement east asian studies Jin-Wook Chang Essays on Debt, Collateral, and Networks Master of Arts Gaurav Anand Chiplunkar Yi-Ting Chung Essays on Labor and Marriage Markets in India Eric Jose Coronel Esteban Taha Choukhmane Samuel Gonzales Essays on Retirement Savings Xiaoqing Luo Fabian Paul Eckert Economic Geography, Structural Change, and Mary Patricia Mulcahy Human Capital Yongzhi Seow Yuan Gao Shennan Song Essays on Network and Panel Modeling Bowen Wang Joachim Hubmer Essays on Macroeconomics and Inequality Qin Yang Yujung Hwang Tianqi Zhao General Equilibrium Theory and Empirical Analysis of Herman Zheng Immigrants’ Neighborhood Sorting and Social Integration Philip Kalikman ecology and evolutionary Essays on Housing, Mortgages, and the Financial Crisis biology DongHyuk Kim Doctor of Philosophy Essays on Government Incentives and Firm Location Choices Arun Rajendra Chavan Evolutionary Origin of Cell Types: A Case Study of Tatjana Karina Kleineberg A Structural Analysis of the Impact of Policy on Economic Decidual Cells in Mammalian Pregnancy Opportunity Brian Park The Evolution of Sterile Marginal Flowers in Viburnum Louise Laage Essays in Econometrics Ignacio Quintero The Evolutionary Tapestry: Insights on the Processes Yukun Liu Labor-Based Asset Pricing Behind the Origin and Maintenance of Biodiversity Yijia Lu Master of Arts Three Essays on the Law and Economics of Arbitration: Arbitral Institutions on the Path to the Global Economy Ethan Addicott Rebecca Jay McKibbin Sheng Cai Essays on Pharmaceutical Regulation Zara Ardeshir Contractor Michael Andreas Puempel Lucas Johann Edward Conwell An Essay on the Convenience Yield William Steadson Damron Yin Jia Qiu Lucas Finamor Research Productivity and the Dynamic Allocation of NIH Grants Daniel Alexander Novick Goldstein Masayuki Sawada Anisha Grover Essays in Theoretical and Applied Econometrics Zijian He Fabian Lorenz Schrey Winston Padgett Hovekamp Trade, Networks and Innovation: An Application of Network Theory in Economics Viraj Rajeev Jorapur Jaya Yiva Wen Changhyun Kwak The Political Economy of State Employment and Unrest Antzelos Kyriazis in China Helena Laneuville Teixeira Garcia Ling Zhong Essays in Labor Economics in the Chinese Context Jintaek Song Master of Philosophy Michael Rolland Sullivan Julian Aramburu Erlfang Tsai Vitor Augusto Possebom Joao Paulo Valente Chuan Du Johannes Wiedemann Master of Arts Trevor Colton Williams Jonathan Thomas Hawkins Disa Ingegerd Maria Hynsjo engineering & applied science

Koohyun Kwon Biomedical Engineering Jaewon Lee Doctor of Philosophy Xiangliang Li Zhuo Chen Master of Arts Single-Cell Microchips for Profiling Macrophage Ahyan Panjwani Activation Dynamics Luca Perdoni Alexander James Engler Integrated Physiological and System Design Approaches for Thi Hai Yen Tran Whole Lung Tissue Engineering Master of Arts Ian Linsmeier Io Kuan Vong Active Actomyosin Mechanics: Cooperativity and Scaling of Xiaochuan Xing Contraction in Disordered Networks Kohei Yata Haiying Lu Learning-based Regularization for Cardiac Strain Analysis Lucas Zavala Ge Zhang Zhengren Zhu Samuel Kipyego Maritim Julia Angela Dugas Simultaneous Imaging of Drug Delivery and Cancer Katarzyna Anna Grzelak Therapy: Towards Glioma Diagnostics and Therapeutics with High-Resolution Extracellular pH Mapping Yin Guo Adele S. Ricciardi Kevin Joseph Lema Nanoparticles for Site-Specific Gene Editing In Utero Jiasheng Liang MD/PhD Program Solomon Tegegne Muche Young-Eun Seo Nanoparticles for Local Delivery of MicroRNA Inhibitors David Mark O’Connor to Treat Glioblastoma Jingtian Wang Yang Xiao Yuqi Wang Microvasculature-On-A-Chip Systems for Human Disease Modeling Junlin Yang

Master of Philosophy Chemical & Environmental Engineering Margaret Elise Bullock Doctor of Philosophy Ann Tai Chen Chanhee Boo Master of Science Novel Thermal Desalination Membranes for Sustainable Siyuan Gao Treatment of Hypersaline Industrial Wastewaters Master of Science Joseph Dominick Buttacci Kevin Hu Developing Analytical and Numerical Models for Master of Science Simulations of Fluid Dynamics Alexander Danels Josowitz Youngwoo Choo Orientation and Morphology Control of Block Copolymers Muhammad Hammad Khan Using External Fields Master of Science Bezawit Asheber Getachew Katherine Louise Leiby Developing Self-Healing Hydrogel-Composite Membranes MD/PhD Program for Water Treatment Master of Science Heather Liu Michael Joseph Giannetto Master of Science The Roles of Alkynes in Improving the Control and Sustainability of Carbon Nanotube Synthesis Rita Matta Anna Louise Hagstrom Samantha Rossano Solid-State Dual-Sensitizer Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Master of Science Upconversion Systems for Broadband Photocatalysis John James Walsh Patrick Han MD/PhD Program Artificial Immunity Platforms for Cellular Immunotherapy Master of Science Humberto Jaramillo Hao Xing Thin-Film Composite Membranes to Reduce Gypsum Master of Science Scaling and Biofouling in Desalination and Wastewater Juntang Zhuang Treatment Master of Arts (Statistics) Patrick Ryan Kelleher Master of Science Investigation of WO3-ZrO2 Catalysts Supported on Multi- Walled Carbon Nanotubes Huili Chen Sarah Elizabeth Kwan Zachary Ryan Connerty-Marin From Homes to Schools—The Impact of Ventilation and Cleaning on the Bacterial and Fungal Ecology of the Built Environment Thomas Alan Kwan Peeyush Khare Tuning Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for Selective An Nguyen Le Extraction of Microalgae Lipids and Carotenoids Master of Science Lyndsey Brye McMillon-Brown Matthew Jacob Montgomery Material Design and Nano-Patterning for Improved Solar Master of Science Cell Light Harvesting Cassandra Jean Porter Yekaterina Rokhlenko Master of Science Self-Assembly and Magnetic Alignment of Non-Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymers Rodrigo Bento Reboucas Master of Science Andrew Sumner Chemical Transformations in the Shale Well Subsurface Eric Christian Ryberg Master of Science Jay Ryan Werber Permeability and Selectivity Limits of Polymeric and Min Jeong Suh Biomimetic Desalination Membranes Xuechen Zhou Master of Philosophy Master of Science Bara Badwan Qianhong Zhu Master of Science Master of Science Alexa Joy Bakker Master of Science Master of Science Audrey Grace Bourne Riley McCabe Coulthard Mengxue Cao Master of Science Alisha Yee Chan Douglas Mitchell Davenport Master of Science Rui Chen Jenna Caroline Ditto Ryan DuChanois Camrynn Leigh Fausey Xinyue Huang Master of Science Mary Kate Mitchell Lane Uri Roei Gabinet Ruiqi Liang Master of Science Jason Samuel Lipton Molly Kathleen Grun Master of Science Thomas Edward Rimmer Yulian He Cody Ritt Master of Science Julianne Naomi Rolf Brenna Colleen Hodges Anna Walsh Master of Science Tong Wang Omar Qaboos Imran Master of Science Meiqi Yang Nina Jankovic Qixuan Yu Master of Science Honghan Zhu Eric Phillip Johnson Master of Science Junqing Zhu Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Doctor of Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy Maruf Amin Bhuiyan Aaron Lee Madden Crystalline Oxides for Emerging Microelectronic Devices Studies of Magnetized Electrosprays of Ferrofluids Xiang Guo Master of Philosophy Coherent Cavity Nonlinear Optics and its Applications Walter Gottlieb Bircher Zachary Alexander Kobos Master of Science Electrochemical Impedance for Lab-on-a-Chip Jillian Christine Cochran Diagnostics Kevin Gleason Cheng Zhang Master of Science Nanoporous GaN and Its Application in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Sebastian Alexander Kube Master of Philosophy Michael Thomas Leddy Master of Science Chen Chen Master of Science Naijia Liu Master of Science Shuwen Deng Master of Science Pengzi Liu Master of Science Kasra Esfandiari Aya Nawano Yuang Jiang Master of Science Master of Science Khoi Dac Nguyen Juanjuan Lu Master of Science Master of Science Rodrigo Miguel Ojeda Mota Nikolaos Papadis Luis Javier Perez Lorenzo Sihao Wang Master of Science Master of Science John Durkin Treado Mingrui Xu Master of Science Master of Science Ali Yawar Yuntao Xu Master of Science Master of Science Master of Science Shaofan Yuan Master of Science Robert Lawrence Baines Rotman Ivan Zelaya Lambur Trevor Luke Buckner Master of Science David Hynek Master of Science Andrew Scott Morgan Bingjun Li Joshua Voges Pondick Nicholas Eric Nordlund Dylan Sanjay Shah Shanquan Tian Xinzhe Wang Yihang Yang Liheng Zhang english language and Cera Hope Smith literature African American Studies Doctor of Philosophy William Alexander Werrell Andrew Stewart Brown Artificial Persons: Fictions of Representation in Early european and russian studies Modern Drama Master of Arts Margaret Jeanne Deli Irina Bakhareva Authorizing Taste: Connoisseurship and Transatlantic Modernity, 1880–1959 James Samuel Daniel V Seo Hee Im Kathryn Maura Fuselier After Totality: Late Modernism and the Globalization of Sarah Holzworth the Novel David Labastida Rodriguez Ann Elizabeth Killian Expanding Lyric Networks: The Transformation of a Nathan William Phair Genre in Late Medieval England Emma Lucy Simmons Angus Roderick Ledingham Darya Smirnova Styles of Abstraction: Objectivity and Moral Thought in Nineteenth-Century British Literature Ruoxi Sun Alexandra Vance Reider Isabel Celeste Van Paasschen The Multilingual English Manuscript Page, c. 950–1300 Master of Philosophy experimental pathology David Marcello DeLeon Doctor of Philosophy Master of Arts Gregory Aaron Breuer James Eric Ensley Data-Driven Methods for Analysis of DNA Repair Paul Franz Dynamics and PARP-Targeting Cancer Therapeutics MD/PhD Program Emily Miriam Glider Master of Philosophy Renaissance Studies Master of Arts Nathan Ryan Fons PPM1D Mutations Silence NAPRT Gene Expression and Anna Aurora Hill Confer Exquisite NAMPT Inhibitor Synthetic Lethality Master of Arts in Glioma Samuel James Huber Master of Philosophy Master of Arts Molly Christine Gale Christopher McGowan Elucidating and Targeting Mechanisms of Resistance to HER2-targeting Antibodies in Breast Cancer Margaret Ann McGowan Master of Arts Britta Helen Kunkemoeller Elevated Thrombospondin-2 Contributes to Delayed Arthur Wang Wound Healing in Diabetes Master of Arts Pok Fai Wong Master of Arts Digital Precision Immuno-Oncology: The Tumor Marcus Anthony Alaimo Immune Microenvironment and Human Melanoma Immunotherapy Response Israel Oluwatobi Kassim Master of Philosophy Alexandria Moore Trophic Interactions, Ecosystem Functioning, and Jocelyn Fang-Yi Chen Restoration of New England Tidal Wetlands Alanna Ryan Kaplan Christopher Shughrue MD/PhD Program Global Urban Interdependencies and Systemic Risks in a Meaghan Kathleen McGeary Changing Climate Alva Sainz Noah Sokol Pathways of Plant Carbon Input and the Formation of Soil Jacqueline Healy Starrett Organic Carbon film and media studies Eleanor Catherine Stokes Urban Land Patterns and Sustainability Master of Philosophy Paige Elizabeth Weber Carolyn Louise Jacobs Three Essays in Environmental Economics in the American Studies Energy Sector Master of Arts Byungman Yoon Biological and Photochemical Processing of Dissolved film studies Organic Matter in Inland Waters: Dance of Water, Microbes, and Light Doctor of Philosophy Lily Zeng Mallory Ahern Transformations of Indigenous Identity and Changing Factory Forms: Reproducing Images in the 1960s Meanings of Sacred Nature in Xishuangbanna, China History of Art Master of Philosophy Master of Philosophy Christopher W. Beltz Hsin-Yuan Peng Comparative Literature Peter Berrill Master of Arts Tirthankar Chakraborty Chen Chen forestry & environmental studies Yufang Gao Anthropology Doctor of Philosophy Kyra Alexandra Prats Jennifer Burlingame Hoyle Fair Clara Christina Pregitzer Dynamics of Streamflow and Dissolved Organic Carbon Flux in Small Forested Catchments of the Northeastern Mario Jr. Alipio Soriano United States Megan Kathleen Sullivan Lan Jin Harikrishnan Venugopalan Nair Radhamoni Air Pollution and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Lanzhou, China Stephanie Margalit Weber Master of Arts Jill Roberta Kelly Spatial Data Aggregation in the Prediction of Forest Paul Wolfram Biomass from Lidar Point Data Jonghyun Yoo Meghna Krishnadas Zihan Zhuo Ecological Mechanisms of Biodiversity Loss in Fragmented, Human-Modified Forests french Durga Thakral Defining Factors that Determine Effective Anti-Melanoma Doctor of Philosophy Tumor Immunity Jennifer Alice Carr MD/PhD Program Liberating Constraint, Performing Gender: Sophie Calle, Mark William Youngblood Anne Garreta and Wendy Delorme Molecular Features and Translational Applications of Master of Philosophy Genomic Alterations in Meningioma MD/PhD Program Tadas Bugnevicius Film and Media Studies Luyi Zeng Master of Arts The Amyloid Precursor-like Protein APL-1 Regulates Axon Regeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans Jason Hong Yichong Zhang Pierre Huguet Mitochondrial Redox Signaling through ATM Regulates Master of Arts Cellular Antioxidant Responses Master of Arts Master of Philosophy Doyle David Calhoun Syndi Marissa Barish Ann Esther Manov Andrey Buzuk Jonathan Marquez genetics MD/PhD Program Doctor of Philosophy Jessica Lisa Moore Christian Charles Dutton Harman Sydney Keaton Muchnik An Investigation of Noncoding Loci Involved in Paul Alexander Renauer Lymphocyte Biology Mycah Sewell Ronit Sharon Kaufman Ring Canals Permit Extensive Cytoplasm Sharing Among Germline Cells Independent of Fusomes in geology and geophysics Drosophila Testes Doctor of Philosophy Jonathan Lewis Barfod Levinsohn Functional Genetics of Epidermal Mosaic Disease Yana Bebieva MD/PhD Program The Origins and Evolution of Double-Diffusive Layers and Associated Heat Transport in the Arctic Ocean Katelynn Margaret Mannix Uncovering Novel Protein-Protein Interactions that Elizabeth Grace Clark Modify the Actin Cytoskeleton Organization of Ring How to Build a Brittle Star: An Investigation of the Canals in Drosophila Evolutionary History, Morphological Features, and Integrated Systems underlying Ophiuroid Locomotion Edward Marsh The Homeostasis of the Structure-Makers of Our Skin Devon Cole A Toolkit for Tracking Earth’s Oxygenation Samuel Brady Sondalle The Fanconi Anemia Protein FANCI Functions in Kierstin Carol Daviau Ribosome Biogenesis High-Pressure and High-Temperature Experimental MD/PhD Program Investigation of SiC and Related Systems: Implications for Carbon-Rich Planets Parker Logan Sulkowski Identification, Mechanistic Understanding, and Synthetic Robin Dawson Lethal Targeting of Oncometabolite-Induced Homology- The Cretaceous Greenhouse: Applications of Clumped Dependent DNA Repair Deficiency Isotopes Jie Deng germanic languages and Melting of Earth Materials: Constraints from both literatures Experiment and Density Functional Theory Doctor of Philosophy Katelyn Elise Gray Reconstructing Terrestrial Climates using Clumped Ole Hinz Isotope Thermometry and Phosphate Oxygen Isotopes Die Epoche der Zeitgenossen Zur historischen Gegenwart from Gar Scales von Hegel und Marx bis zum 21. Jahrhundert Shineng Hu Regina Anna Ursula Karl El Nino Diversity, Intraseasonal Wind Bursts, and Manipulations: The Hand as Symbol and Symptom in the Decadal Climate Change Arts and Literature after 1900 Film and Media Studies Anwar Mohiuddin An Experimental Study of Grain-Size Evolution and its Susan Elizabeth Morrow Rheological Consequences during the Phase Transitions in Schematism: Poetics on the Way to Kant, 1760–1790 Olivine to its High-Pressure Polymorphs Adrian Renner Holger Petermann Erzahltes Leben: Zufall Und Moglichkeit Im Life-History Studies on Squamates from the Mojave and Biographischen Roman 1730–1830 Colorado Deserts of California as a Test for Paleoecological Master of Philosophy Application of Skeletochronology Cecilia Geerke Sebastian James Super Master of Arts Organic Proxy Reconstructions of Warm Past Climates Azusa Takeishi global affairs Simulations of Aerosol Effects on Deep Convective Clouds: Sensitivity to Model Representations of Aerosol- and Master of Advanced Study Cloud-Microphysical Processes Alexander Duncan Hain Yiqi Zheng David Ryan Halbruner Linking the Land Biosphere with Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate: Plant Volatile Emissions and Organic Master of Arts Aerosol Tabish Azeem Master of Philosophy Sophie Bennington Broach Daniel Edmund Gaskell Cathy Chen Zheng Gong Michael William Chieco Boriana Kalderon Asael Veronica Pui Shan Chiu Ryan Li Christine Beth Clark Puskar Mondal Alexandra Karin Deprez Daniel Smith Paredes Tamara Grbusic Sophie Westacott En Ning Hwa Jasmina Wiemann Andreas Kristoffer Karlsson Bowen Zhao Abed El Karim Khalifeh Master of Science Sikander Ali Kiani Andrea Servali Chetna Kumar Virginia Marta Bertero Leape Tanya Elal Lawrence An Age of Trans-Imperial Vernacularisms: The Iranian Ines-Cyd Joyce Mary Oyono Dissident Community of the Late Ottoman Empire Jasmine A-young Park Lauren Gottlieb Lockshin Michael William Pizzi Bernard Lazare: From Antisemitism to Socialist Zionism in Fin-de-Siecle France Laura Romero Villamizar Kevin Lucas Lord Raquel Helen Santos Silva Law, Custom, and Honor in the Case of Ludwig IV of Shanavian Demitria Smith Bavaria, 1323–47 Jarod Allan Taylor Timothy Wayne Lorek William Sterling Thornberry Developing Paradise: Agricultural Science in the Conflicted Landscape of Colombia’s Cauca Valley, Justin Oliver Tyvoll 1927–1967 Yihana von Ritter Catherine Mas Lauren Ruth Wyman The Culture Brokers: Medicine and Anthropology in Global Miami, 1960–1995 history Zachary Adam Mazur Financing the Nation: The Polish State and Economic Doctor of Philosophy Growth, 1918–1939 Charlotte Amalie Abney Salomon Santiago Muñoz Arbelaez Products of the Mineral Kingdom: Mineral Science in The New Kingdom of Granada: The Making and Sweden, 1740–1820 Unmaking of Spain’s Atlantic Empire, 1530–1620 Aner Barzilay Laurel Joy Waycott Michel Foucault’s First-Philosophy: A Nietzschean End to The Pattern-Seekers: The Science of Discernment, Metaphysics in Postwar France, 1952–1984 1850–1920 Kathryn Leigh Brackney Ben Zdencanovic Phantom Geographies: An Alternative History of From Cradle to Grave: The United States in a World of Holocaust Consciousness Welfare, 1940–1953 Christian Russo Burset Huasha Zhang A Common Law? Legal Pluralism in the Eighteenth- Our Kind of Tibetans: The Political Life and Times of Liu Century British Empire Manqing, 1906–1942 Flynn Jamison Cratty Master of Philosophy “The Soul in Paraphrase”: Prayer and the Changing Zaib un Nisa Aziz Mental Worlds of Early Modern France and England Master of Arts Johns Webb Graham III Hamzah Baig Environmental, Social, and Political Change in the Otomi African American Studies Heartland: A Hydraulic History of the Ixmiquilpan Valley (Hidalgo State, Mexico) Tiraana Bains Katherrine Heather Rae Healey Emilie Elizabeth Egger Lending Their Ears: Hearing, Deafness, and Aural Master of Arts Citizenship in World War II America Amanda Joyce Hall Andrew Michael Hogan African American Studies Master of Arts The Auction of Pharaoh: Institutions, Markets, and Culture in the Mediterranean during the First Winston Sinclair Hill Millennium BC Master of Arts Charlotte Anne Kiechel Rachel Tess Korobkin Master of Arts Sculptural Bodies of the Great Depression Karolina Kolpak Sophie Rose Lynford Master of Arts The American Pre-Raphaelites: An Egalitarian Ocularity Kathleen Theodora McCrudden Alexandra Kathleen Morrison Master of Arts Copying at the Louvre Kayhan Aryan Nejad Christopher Wilke Platts Master of Arts Paolo Veneziano and the Patronage and Reception of Sarah Mendoza Pickman Venetian Gothic Painting Master of Arts Samuel Sackeroff Barbara Rachel Pohl The Liberal Image Master of Arts Audrey Lee Sands Maya Cory Sandler Lisette Model and the Inward Turn of Photographic Master of Arts Modernism Catherine Marie Treesh Nicole Jeri Williams Master of Arts The Shade of Private Life: Visions of Imperiled Privacy in Late Nineteenth-Century American Art Beans Velocci Master of Arts Caitlin Rose Woolsey Sensibilia: Sounding the Acoustic Image in Postwar France Milosz Wlodzimierz Wiatrowski Master of Arts Master of Philosophy Master of Arts Barbora Bartunkova Hannah Katherine Diamond Chelsea Alice Connelly Mary Adeline Ewald Tara Devendra Contractor Samuel Victor Schotland Asia Lee Del Bonis-O’Donnell Master of Arts Deborah Ashley Streahle Anabelle Gambert-Jouan history of art Philippe L.B. Halbert Doctor of Philosophy Lily Elizabeth Higgins Magdalene Bethge Breidenthal Mohit Manohar Leaving “Heaven on Earth”: The Visual Codes of Lillian Clare Sellati Middle Byzantine Church Exits Master of Arts Kirsty Sinclair Dootson Shirlynn Li Wei Sham Industrial Color: Chromatic Technologies in Britain, 1856–1969 Judith Stapleton Master of Arts Film Studies Evan John Freeman Master of Arts Ritual Object, Ritual Space: Art, Agency, and Mia Adri Kang Performance in the Middle Byzantine Liturgy Catherine Lanford Joy Silver and Silverplate in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Boston: Obadiah Rich, Newell Harding, and Roswell Gleason immunobiology Lindsey Demaree Hughes Master of Science Doctor of Philosophy Abigail Putri Jarret Yemsratch Tadesse Akalu Master of Science Role for Innate Immune Checkpoints in Cancer Immunotherapy Runfeng Miao Master of Science Robert Anthony Amezquita Deciphering the Grammar of CD8+ T Cell Camila Robles-Oteiza Master of Science Differentiation Catherine Bingchan Xie Jen Young Cho MD/PhD Program The Role of Dendritic Cells in the Initiation of Type 2 Master of Science Immunity Yunjiang Zheng Ravi Kumar Dinesh Master of Science Biochemical and Genetic Approaches Identify Novel Factors Involved in Somatic Hypermutation Targeting interdepartmental Ross Steven Federman neuroscience program Probing Transmembrane Domain Interactions with Short and Simple Artificial Proteins Doctor of Philosophy Philip Kong Jonas Casimir Belina Spatiotemporal Configuration of Antigen and Responses of Drosophila Larvae to Multisensory Immunomodulator is a Significant Factor for Tolerogenic Stimulation Vaccine Development Colin Wallis Bond Vivian Yujing Lim The Role of Nucleus Accumbens Projections in Regulating Lymphopoietic Niches in the Bone Marrow and the Feeding Regulation of Interleukin-7 Matthew Stephens Creamer Harding Heng Luan Algorithms for Motion Detection and Visual Motor Control Metabolic Determinants of Disease Tolerance in Drosophila Jae Hun Shin Brian Diep DeAngelis Regulation of Lgr5 Positive Stem Cells by DKK2 during High-Throughput Tracking of Limb Movements in Intestinal Tumorigenesis and Metastasis Walking Drosophila Justin Andrew Shyer Carol Ann Gianessi Targeted Genetic Screens Identify Metabolic Regulators of Endocannabinoid Contributions to the Formation T Helper Cell Differentiation and Function and Expression of Habitual Responding for Food and Rebecca Simone Treger for Alcohol Control of Endogenous Retroviruses by Cell-Intrinsic and Alexandra Gribizis Cell-Extrinsic Defenses Glutamatergic Retinal Waves and their Role in Visual MD/PhD Program Development in Vivo Master of Philosophy Zhe He Ping-Min Chen Candidate Pheromone Receptors in Drosophila Master of Science Lydia Johanna Hoffstaetter Wei-Sheng Chen The Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Master of Science Somatosensory Adaptations of Hibernators Christopher Daniel Guzman Master of Science Alice Ma Li Erin Jeanne Reed High Resolution In Vivo Characterization of Neocortical MD/PhD Program Myelin Patterning in Normal Physiology and Following Mengyang Zhang Localized Injury MD/PhD Program international and development Bart Michael Massi Jr. economics Probabilistic and Quantitative Decision-Making in the Prefrontal Cortex Master of Arts Carole Marie-Laure Nasrallah Raphaëlle Aimée Aulagnon Effect of a Naturally Occurring Ghrelin Splice Variant on Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurons Mitali Banerji Stephanie Marie Noble Iti Bhargava Reliability and Validity of fMRI Mapping Methods Gretchen Bueermann Laura West Pappalardo Luis Eduardo Castillo Aguirre Astrogliosis: Functional Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Nav1.5 Sofia Teresa Caycedo MD/PhD Program Tianyu Fan Matthew Ralph Piva Xiaoya Gao Neurobiological Bases of Social Cognition: Investigations from Macaques to Humans at Multiple Levels of Sakshi Hallan Neuroscience Lu He Emilio Salazar Cardozo Sifan Jiang Mechanisms and Algorithms of the Parallel ON and OFF Visual Motion Detection Pathways in Drosophila Masakazu Kumakura Master of Philosophy Daham Lee Maria Sol Bernardez Sarria Jianhong Liu Shivani Bhatt Rene Livas MD/PhD Program Lichen Luo Richard Blake Crouse Bryan McCann Chen Ding Prema Sai Narasimhan Swethasri Padmanjani Dravida Song Yeen Maxine Ow MD/PhD Program Selen Ozdogan Daniel Ehrlich Aishwarya Shivaji Patil Abigail Sara Greene MD/PhD Program Muhammad Hassan Saad William Franklin Hancock-Cerutti Navreen Kaur Sandhu MD/PhD Program Rituparna Sanyal Corey Leigh Horien Koki Sera MD/PhD Program Parshv Pankil Shah Sharif Ismail Kronemer Nikita Sharma Shannon Noble Leslie Jacob Michael Kayle Lister MD/PhD Program Yasuka Tateishi Master of Philosophy Wen Wen Teh Giovanni Miglianti Yuan Tian Master of Arts Supraja Vadlamani law Yujia Yao Doctor of Philosophy Yang Yu Alyssa Stimson King Yue Zhu Three Essays on Arbitration and Adjudication investigative medicine linguistics Doctor of Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy Gabriella Grisotti Sean M. Gleason Decreased Lymphangiogenesis Alters Angiogenesis and The Morpho-syntax and Pragmatics of the Latin Dermal Remodeling in Wound Healing Accusativus cum Infinitivo Christopher Hahnyoung Lee Alysia Nicole Harris Timing of Therapeutic Hypothermia Initiation in Out- The Non-Aspectual Meaning of African American English Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest ‘Aspectual’ Markers Jonathan Merola Ryan Maurice Kasak Characterization of Human Endothelial Cells with Affix Ordering and Templatic Morphology in Mandan CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Complete Ablation of MHC Molecule Expression Luke Stephen Lindemann A Jewel Inlaid: Ergativity and Markedness in Nepali Dennis Gulamhusein Moledina CD4+T-Cell Derived Inflammatory Mediators as Master of Philosophy Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute Interstitial Nephritis Emanuel Souza de Quadros Carlos Rafael Oliveira Master of Arts Estimating the Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus Matthew David Tyler Vaccine: A Case-Control Study with Bayesian Model Master of Arts Averaging Master of Arts italian language and Sarah Babinski literature Muye Zhang Doctor of Philosophy management Maria Alexandra Catrickes From Diva to Divo: Gender, the Body, and Sexuality in Doctor of Philosophy Italian Melodrama Films, 1914–2017 Film Studies Arun Gupta Essays in Bank Internal Capital Markets and Global Christopher Matthew Kaiser Financial Stability Breaking Common Ground: Place, Imagination, and Master of Arts, Master of Philosophy Migration in Twenty-First-Century Italy Winnie Yun Jiang Anna Marra Meaning and Mobility: The Dynamics of Pursuing, Dante and Meditation Sustaining, and Leaving a Calling Luca Peretti Minkyung Kim Neocapitalist Realism: ENI’s Industrial Films in the Salesforce Compensation and CRM Anticolonial Era Film Studies Toomas Laarits Master of Philosophy Essays on Asset Pricing and Financial Intermediation Netanel Friedenberg Sarah Amanda Levis Master of Science A Methodological Critique and Substantive Confirmation Oleksii Kislinskyi of the Partisan Asymmetry in Closed-Mindedness Master of Science Master of Philosophy Min Ju Lee Ben Sang Hun Matthies Master of Science Essays in Asset Pricing Nikolay Malkin Shu Zhang Networks and Professional Wrongdoing in the Alexander James Rasmussen Prescription Drug Epidemic Master of Science Master of Philosophy Master of Science Natee Amornsiripanitch Yau Wing Li Master of Arts Michelle Yuna Cho medieval studies Master of Arts Master of Philosophy Steven Michael Fortney Master of Arts Alexander Louis Pena Master of Arts Cheng Hua Erik Olson microbiology Master of Arts Chen Wang Doctor of Philosophy Master of Arts John D Ventura Kevin Liang Zhao Longitudinal Imaging of HIV-1 Infection and Master of Arts Recrudescence in Humanized Mice Master of Arts Master of Philosophy Lee Michael Mutuchky Follis Mackenzie Rae Crite Rahul Kiran Goravara Kaitlyn Emily Kortright Luying Liu mathematics Justin Toh Doctor of Philosophy Master of Science Michael Landry Lissette Suzanne Velasquez Frontiers of Fibered Faces Florencia Orosz molecular biophysics and Feigin-Fuchs Duality and Virasoro Vertex Algebras biochemistry Quang-Lam Laurent Pham Doctor of Philosophy A Uniform Tits Alternative for the Group of Affine Transformations of the Plane and Uniform Kazhdan Ruben Morais Atilho Constants Using Riboswitches to Uncover Hidden Biological Processes and Novel Antibacterial Agents Jeremy Benjamin Usatine Motivic Integration, Tropicalization, and Hyperplane Olga Buzovetsky Arrangements Protecting the Genome: Preserving Nucleotide Metabolism and DNA Repair, and Defending Against Viral Invaders Kelly Jo Culhane Shawn Dean Gray Uncovering the Molecular Mechanisms of Ligand Binding Kirsten Audrey Reimer to Parathyroid Hormone 1 Receptor Melanie Lynn Reschke Katherine Irene Farley-Barnes Discovery of New Regulators of Human Ribosome Nicolle Alexandra Rosa Mercado Biogenesis Meaghan Sullivan Ethan Michael Laudermilch Master of Science Elucidating Torsin ATPase Function and Regulation at the Nuclear Envelope I-Chieh Wang Cary Thomas Liptak Investigating Nucleotide Selection Fidelity Mechanisms in molecular, cellular, and DNA Polymerase Beta developmental biology Jimi Craig Miller Doctor of Philosophy Canonical and Non-Canonical Plant Heterotrimeric G Proteins in Plant Immunity Brenden Lee Barco Evolution, Regulation, and Function of Tryptophan- Daniel Wood Moonan Derived Secondary Metabolism in Mustard Plants Design and Construction of a Recoded Organism Containing 62 Codons Ann Marie Feke The Decoy Technique Unveils Novel Biochemical and Stephanie Reikine Genetic Function of E3 Ligases in Circadian Clock and Biophysical Studies on Nucleotide Sensing Proteins in the Flowering Time Regulation Immune System Etienne Beijia Greenlee Michael Lev Rutenberg Schoenberg Challenges in Understanding Noncoding RNA Development of Computational Tools to Analyze Candidates: From Riboswitch Candidate Discovery to New Experimental Technologies for the Study of Ligand Identification Noncoding RNA Gabriel Leonardo Lozano Betancourt Sarah Sierra Smaga Role of Antibiotics in Modulating Microbial Interactions Examining the Interaction of the Antiviral Protein MxB within Communities with HIV Capsid Paul Michael Muir Brady James Summers Studying Gene Duplication, Divergence, and Disablement Modular HIV-1 Capsid Assemblies for Investigating Across Mouse Strains and in the Laboratory Diverse Host Recognition Mechanisms Jennifer S. Sun Tenaya Kristine Vallery Humidity Response Depends on the Small Soluble Protein Functional Studies on Polyadenylated Nuclear RNA in Obp59a in Drosophila Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Infected Cells Thomas Zhong Young Samantha Josephine Ziegler Quantitative Insights Into Age-Associated DNA-Repair Insight into Interactions of APOBEC3 Proteins with DNA Inefficiency by Tracking Single Cells Aging in Real-Time and HIV Vif Master of Science Master of Philosophy Lauren Elyse Dickinson Catherine Amaya Siddhartha Hamal Dhakal Dahyana Arias Escayola Ruirui Huang Rajshekhar Basak Olivia Gayle Justynski Josie Evelyn Bircher Xueying Shang Megan Rose Brady Daniel Thomas Thoresen Philippa Ovenden Master of Arts Wanyue Wang Catherine Valeska Slowik Zenan Wang Master of Arts Xing Wu Master of Arts Diane Yu Zachary Lee Stewart music near eastern languages and Doctor of Philosophy civilizations Andrew Jay Chung Doctor of Philosophy Music as Performative Utterance: Towards a Unified Matthew D. Glassman Theory of Musical Meaning with Applications in 21st- The Mesopotamian Temple Tower Century Works and Social Life Julia Pei-Chin Hsieh Angharad Jane Davis The Realm of the Dead through the Voice of the Living: The Microcosm in the Machine: Networks and Narratives Analysis of Ancient Egyptian Letters to the Dead of George Antheil’s Ballet Mecanique Master of Arts Joshua Dalton Gailey Beginning Bands: Progressive Reform and the Birth of the Nicole Mariele Awad American School-Band Industry, 1907–1940 Mary Elizabeth Horn neuroscience Goddard Lieberson’s Columbia Records: Musical Products and Production Doctor of Philosophy John Francis Klaess David Benjamin Salkoff Breaks in the Air: Rap on the Radio in New York City, Cortical Communication at the Cellular and Mesoscale 1979–1987 Resolution Marc Alessandro Ladd Synchronization and the Silent Screen: Film Music in nursing Italy, c.1910–40 Doctor of Philosophy Mark Allen Rodgers Qinglan Ding Renaissance Formalisms in the Cultural Archive of Association Between Diabetes and Health Status In Young Tonality Women and Men After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Peter Nelson Selinsky Results from the VIRGO Study Hybrid Rhythmic Organization in Early Indojazz Bridget Frese Hutchens Master of Philosophy Postpartum Depression: Risk Factors and the Influence of Perceived Quality of Care Michael V. Bruschi Master of Arts pharmacology Daniel Nathan Cox Master of Arts Doctor of Philosophy Brianne Kathleen Dolce Zachary Gannam Master of Arts Exploring the Allosteric Inhibition of a MAPK Ethan Edl Phosphatase Linked to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Master of Arts Jacqueline Hilson Georgis Master of Arts William Gray Juan Sebastian Piñeros Sanchez Nucleoid Size Scaling and Intracellular Organization of Action Knowledge and Authority: Variations on a Translation across Bacteria Reidean Theme Daniel Vore Iwamoto Kevin Patrick Tobia Structural Basis of the Filamin A Actin-Binding Domain Essays in Experimental Jurisprudence Interaction with F-actin Master of Philosophy Lie Ma Master of Philosophy Elucidation of the Activated State of Extracellular Samantha Ann Berstler Domains of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Master of Arts David Edward Puleo Jennifer Lynn Daigle Targeting the Mutant JAK2 V617F Tyrosine Kinase by Master of Arts Small Molecules that Bind to its Pseudokinase Domain Michael Alexander Deigan Molly Ryan Master of Arts Understanding the Consequences of Oncogenic FGFR Mutations on Drug Resistance, Signaling, and Joanna Sophia Demaree-Cotton Tumorigenic Potential Master of Arts Lee Ying Hugo William Havranek Epigenetic Approaches to Understanding Adipogenesis, Master of Arts and Translational Approaches to Treating Obesity Master of Arts MD/PhD Program Michael Alan Burton Master of Philosophy Austen Cameron Hall Shanique Borteley Alabi Elisabetta Pellegrino Vincent Nghi Duong Master of Science physics Ban H. Edani Doctor of Philosophy Joel Andrew Sexton Salvatore Aiola Joshua Brady Sheetz Jet and Heavy-Flavor Measurements in pp and Pb-Pb Courtney McCaul Smith Collisions with ALICE Valerie Liao Su Elizabeth Magnis Boulton Master of Science Applications of Two-Phase Xenon Time Projection Chambers: Searching for Dark Matter and Special Michael Joseph Bond Nuclear Materials Chun Hu Andrew David Gasbarro Zaritza Ognianova Petrova Studies of Conformal Behavior in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories philosophy Elena Gramellini Measurement of the Negative Pion and Positive Kaon Doctor of Philosophy Total Hadronic Cross Sections on Argon at the LArIAT Experiment Daniel Everett Moerner Spinoza’s Metaphysics of Ideas: Deflating Causation and Dandan Ji Necessity through the Identity of Intellect and Will Modeling of the Dynamics of Large-Scale Coherent Structures in the System of Rayleigh-Benard Convection Allison Pineros Glasscock Learning Virtue: The Value of Knowledge and Zack Lasner Philosophical Inquiry in Four Platonic Dialogues Order-of-Magnitude-Tighter Bound on the Electron Classics Electric Dipole Moment Junjiajia Long Ryan Richard Petersburg From Individual to Collective Behavior: The Role of Master of Science Memory and Diversity in Bacterial Navigation Mariel Nelson Pettee James Declan Mulligan Master of Science Inclusive Jet Measurements in Pb-Pb Collisions Daniel Saul Seara with ALICE Master of Science Michela Paganini Hyungki Shim Machine Learning Solutions for High Energy Physics: Master of Science Applications to Electromagnetic Shower Generation, Flavor Tagging, and the Search for di-Higgs Production David Jonathan Stewart Meredith Clark Powell William Gray Thompson The Environments of Accreting Supermassive Black Holes Christopher Shen Wang Siddharth Gokuldas Prabhu Master of Science Applications of Quantum Field Theory to Many Body Master of Science Systems: From Ultracold Atoms to Gravitational Waves Rachel Ann Cooper Matthew Haight Steinecker Sub-Doppler Laser Cooling and Magnetic Trapping of Jacob Curtis SrF Molecules Suhas Sham Ganjam Lucie Tvrznikova Sheridan Beckwith Green Sub-GeV Dark Matter Searches and Electric Field Studies for the LUX and LZ Experiments political science Jared Gregory Vasquez Illuminating the Higgs Boson: Measurement of the Doctor of Philosophy Properties of the Higgs Boson in the Diphoton Channel Consuelo Amat Matus Fangzhou Zhu The Emergence and Consolidation of Opposition to Information Mining in the Large Scale Structure of the Authoritarian Rule Universe Ian Charles Crichton Master of Philosophy Legal Doctrine and Judicial Behavior: A Micro-Level Empirical Analysis of How Law Affects Judicial Choice Han Soe Aung Master of Science John Arthur Dearborn The Representative Presidency: The Ideational Foundations London James Cooper-Troendle of Institutional Development and Durability Master of Science Nikhar Gaikwad Stephen Lamont Eltinge Identity Politics and Economy Policy Master of Science Paul Edward Fanto Amy Lauren Gais Bound by Belief: Rethinking the Liberty of Conscience in Jeremy K. Gaison Early Modern Political Thought Naim Goksel Karacayli Lisa Rose Gilson Master of Science Another Romanticism: Rethinking Social Criticism from Lev Krayzman Rousseau to Tolstoy Sangjae Lee Devin Russell Goure Master of Science Judgment and Disappointment: On the Ethical and Political Implications of Skepticism Kyungjoo Noh Master of Science Aaron Greenberg Moral Wayfinding in the City of Man: Recovering the Political Thought of Reinhold Niebuhr Lynn Marissa Hancock Elizabeth Kay McGuire {Reply: All} An Experimental Study of Legislative Master of Arts Responsiveness Darren King Zhuan Nah Michael Kalin Master of Arts Three Experimental Studies on Reducing Religious Stephanie Almeida Nevin Prejudice in the Islamic World Lilla Victoria Orr William George Nomikos Master of Arts Local Peace, International Builders: How the UN Builds Peace from the Bottom Up Armando Perez-Gea Philosophy Hari Narayan Ramesh Directed Association: A Defense of State Action in the Christina Seyfried Pursuit of Radical Democracy Shahana Sheikh Mara Redlich Revkin Nica Matisse Siegel Three Essays on the Microfoundations of Rebel Master of Arts Governance: Theory and Evidence from the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria Shikhar Singh Master of Arts Anurag Sinha Imperial Practice and Political Thought: Sovereignty and Jiahua Yue Political Economy in British India, c. 1757–1815 Master of Arts Andrés Ricardo Vargas Castillo Remco Zwetsloot Master of Arts Legacies of Civil War: Wartime Governance and Communal Authority in Rural Colombia Master of Arts Elizabeth Iams Wellman Julia Alison Bleckner Citizenship Beyond Borders: The Politics of Emigrant Angele Justine Irma Delevoye Enfranchisement in Africa Master of Philosophy Trevor Nicolas Incerti Paul Tyler Merklinger Mayesha Alam Master of Arts Eva-Marie Quinones Tyler John Bowen Hilton Russel Simmet Master of Arts Yingqi Tang Sophia Louisa Rose Dawkins Master of Arts psychology Anna Stagg Feuer Master of Arts Doctor of Philosophy David Bradley Froomkin Rebecca Gwen Fortgang Master of Arts Perseverant Cognitive Effort and Disengagement Daniel Alexander Novick Goldstein Matthew Ronald Jordan Master of Arts Misbelieving: Optimism, Self-Deception, and the Shape Matthew Henry Graham of Beliefs Charlotte Jude Hulme Elizabeth Tepe Kneeland Emotion Malleability Beliefs: Implications for Emotional Master of Arts Experiences, Emotion Regulation, Psychopathology, and Annabelle Grace Hutchinson Treatment Master of Arts Dipin Kaur Gordon Kraft-Todd Clara Colombatto The Diffusion of Moral Innovations: Cultural Learning Master of Science Processes Spread Novel Forms of Cooperation Anton Gollwitzer Robert Conley Lambert Master of Science From Probability to Familiarity: Explorations on the Erica Ho Relationship between Statistical Learning and Processing Master of Science Fluency Master of Philosophy Ashley Eliza Jordan Master of Science David Ellis Melnikoff Towards a Goals-First Framework of Cognition and Qi Lin Action Master of Science Thomas Patrick O’Connell Julia Anne Marshall Reconstructing Visual Cognition Master of Science Hannah Elizabeth Raila Alexander Noyes Seeing and Feeling: Novel Links between Visual Attention Master of Science and Emotion Paola Odriozola Gina Roussos Master of Science Hate Speech is in the Eye of the Beholder: Perceptions and Lauren Michelle Patrick Judgements of Bias-Motivated Acts Master of Science Aaron Nicholas Santascoy Estee Adrianna Rubien-Thomas When Bias is Blamed on Hostility: Chronic Hostile Master of Science Attribution for Bias Predicts Endorsement of Punishment Rashina D. Seabury of Potentially Biased White People Master of Science Michael Nicholas Stagnaro Colin Ho-Ming Stanton Building a Wall Around Belief: Ideological Communities, Master of Science Belief Questioning and the Suppression of Deliberation Allison Mary Stuppy-Sullivan Stefan David Uddenberg Master of Science TeleFace: Exploring Face Representations with the Method of Serial Reproduction Scott Morgen Tillem Master of Science Master of Philosophy Hannah Weinberg-Wolf Rotem Aboody Master of Science Master of Science Natalie Melinda Wittlin Lucylle Alexandra Armentano Master of Arts Brian David Bink Master of Science Brian David Earp Philosophy Grace Marie Brennan Master of Science Master of Science Michael Vogel Bronstein Kristen Jooyun Kim Master of Science Sami Yousif Bennett Callaghan Master of Science Emily Meryl Cohodes Master of Science public health Cynthia Xin Shi Doctor of Philosophy Yaqing Xu Megan Elizabeth Cahill Master of Science Beyond GWAS: Genetic Variation Associated with Severe Yue Cao West Nile and Dengue Viral Disease Sami Habash Bonnie Jin The Predictors and Effects of Hospital Network Entry Siyun He and Exit: Insights from Affiliation Networks and Health Boxiang Jia Systems Ujunwa Mercy Korie Xinyue Li Statistical Methods for Wearable Device Data: Sidian Liu Applications in Clinical Studies Yingnan Lyu Margaret Elizabeth Mayer Sherry George Mansour Characterizing the Association between Tobacco Use and Food Insecurity Humza Nadeem Mirza Olga Morozova Yujun Pan Methodological Topics in Infectious Diseases and Melanie Rosenberg Substance Abuse Epidemiology Areeba Ambreen Tariq Nisheet Nautiyal Spatio-temporal Methods for Reconstructing Cancer Shiyu Wang Incidence Trends Shuran Yao Yasmmyn Dannahet Salinas Xinyao Yin Dissecting Cross-Phenotype Associations to Uncover Pleiotropic Loci for Asthma and Obesity Eric Zhang William Lewis Schpero Tianyuan Zhang Efficiency and Equity in the U.S. Health Care Safety Net Wenfeng Zhang Kyaw Sint Tianqi Zhao A Latent Class Mediation Model and its Application to a Yujie Zhou First-Episode Schizophrenia Trial Rebecca Lynn Staiger religious studies The Role of the Physician-Patient Relationship in Patient Outcomes Doctor of Philosophy Tiara Capri Willie Paul James Allen “She’s PrEPared”: The Impact of Intimate Partner Violence The Josianic Reform in Comparative Perspective on Women’s Engagement in the PrEP Care Continuum Ryan Michael Darr Li Zeng The Theological Origins of Utilitarianism Statistical and Machine Learning Methods in Cancer Genomic Data Analysis Scott David Davis Rereading, Rewriting, Remembering the Desert Fathers: Master of Philosophy A Reception History of Collections of the Apophthegmata Mo Li Patrum Alyssa Sholeh Parpia Ana Katherine Rosen Vollmar Samuel Joseph Loncar slavic languages and After Anachronism: A Study of Philosophy and literatures Religion in Theory, History, and Heidegger Doctor of Philosophy James Edward Nati Textual Criticism and the Rules from Qumran Daria Ezerova Derelict Futures: The Spaces of Socialism in Contemporary Zachary Gifford Smith Russian Literature and Film Reading the Past: Acts of the Apostles Among Early Christians Amanda Zoe Lerner Remembering the Future: Time Travel Narratives in Master of Philosophy Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia Wendy Brianna Mallette Viktoria Paranyuk Master of Arts Soviet Cinema Comes in from the Cold: Realism, the Thaw, Cody Carolina Brown Musselman and the Aesthetic of Sincerity Master of Arts Film Studies Alex Ozar Megan Y. Race Philosophy Balanchine at Home and Abroad: Counter-Soviet Ballet in Master of Arts the United States from the Postwar to the Cold War Elizabeth Grace Price Master of Arts Aura Evenstar Young “And She Nursed Them All Splendidly Herself:” Breasts Lewis Harrison West and Breastfeeding in the Works of Lev Tolstoi Master of Arts Justin Joel White Master of Philosophy Master of Arts Anastasiya Berdinskikh Sarah Violet Zager Anastasia Kostina Philosophy Film and Media Studies Master of Arts Svetlana Tcareva renaissance studies sociology Master of Philosophy Doctor of Philosophy Kelsey Elizabeth Champagne History James Walter Abbott Master of Arts Blockmodeling Organized Crime and Espionage Networks: An Assessment of the Technique and its Ability to Uncover Clay Paul Greene Hidden Social Structures English Language and Literature Master of Arts Inkwan Chung Educational Expansion and Its Consequences Michael Thomas Lo Piano History Jean-Baptiste Dominique Louis Fernand Gallopin Master of Arts Conditional Choice and Collective Dynamics of Historical Change in the Tunisian Revolution (2010–2014) James Joseph Hurlbert Voluntary Society Todd Michael Madigan Gustavo Reis da Silva Louro The Rules of Meaning Making: Toward a Theory of Hannah Rice Cultural Syntax Candas Pinar statistics Son Preference and Sex Selection in Azerbaijan Celene Raymer Reynolds Master of Arts From Unequal Play to Unwanted Contact: Title IX in Brandon Tse Wei Chow American Universities, 1972–2016 Alexandra Lucie Gilberte Lea Djorno Hirokazu Shirado Autonomous-Agent Interventions in Networked Human Eric Martin Feltham Cooperation and Coordination Cen Huang Master of Philosophy Min Kyung Kim Dana Meredith Hayward David Ko Tina Law Prateek Malik Jing Ping Jenkin Tsun Hin Tsui Master of Arts Shuheng Wang Margaret Louise Traeger Master of Arts Yujie Wang Dolunay Ugur Alicia Michelle Williams Adam Valen Levinson Xin Xu Master of Arts Yutaro Yamada Master of Arts Jingwen Zhang Vanessa Kristin Bittner Mingrui Zhang Anne Elizabeth Taylor Lijing Zhao spanish and portuguese Xinyi Zhong Doctor of Philosophy statistics and data science Edwin Stewart Atkins II Doctor of Philosophy The Creation of Character in Francisco de Quevedo’s Biographies Derek Feng The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Conditioning in Luis Bautista Boned Statistical Network Analysis Disenso y Melancolia. Breve Historia Intelectual de Espana Katherine Lynn Brown Building a Novel Topos: Architecture, Literature, and Modernity in Cervantes Master of Arts Esteban Alejandro Crespo Jaramillo Yelsy Hernández Zamora Renaissance Studies the newberry memorial organ, woolsey hall Built in 1901 by the Hutchings-Votey Organ Company of Boston, Massachusetts, the Newberry Memorial Organ was improved mechanically and almost doubled in size in 1915 and was then rebuilt and greatly enlarged in 1928. One of the largest, most outstanding, and beautiful instruments of this period, it is kept in excellent playing condition and is used throughout the academic year for recitals and concerts. The organ has 12,617 pipes in a three-story chamber. An “echo room” in the basement of Woolsey Hall has 700 additional pipes of zinc, lead, and sugar pine, producing tones that sound like horns, flutes, and whistles. The instrument, which requires tuning three times a year due to changes in humidity and temperature, is powered by two 20-horsepower motors. the shield of the graduate school of arts and sciences The design for the Graduate School shield was drawn by Yale art professor Theodore Sizer and approved by the University. Four themes are symbolized in the arms of the School. The background of the “chief” (the place of honor) is Yale blue, with Roman numerals in white representing 1847, the year of the founding of the Department of Philosophy and the Arts, the earliest formal organization for graduate study at Yale and, in fact, in the entire United States. Below, on a white background, is a black Y-shaped device representing the “pallium,” a garment worn by philosophers in ancient Rome, and frequently used as a symbol for Yale. The three red crosses are derived from the arms of Bishop George Berkeley, who established in 1732 an endowment for Yale College graduates “reading for the second degree.” These were the first scholarships exclusively for graduate study at Yale. the mace of the graduate school of arts and sciences The mace is carried at the head of ceremonial processions by the School’s marshal and displayed at such events as the annual Matriculation ceremony, awards Convocation, and Commencement. The shaft of the mace is turned red mahogany. Inset near the top of the shaft on two sides is the shield of the Graduate School, rendered in cloisonné-enameled metal. For description of the shield, see above. The shaft is topped by a disk of grained red and black macasser ebony, on which sits a large, faceted crystal orb, the chief design element of the mace. The orb symbolizes several characteristics of advanced study in the arts and sciences. The global shape suggests the ambition of advanced study to be comprehensive in its inquiry. The transparent clarity of the fine Austrian lead crystal of which the orb is made alludes to the motto of Yale University, Lux et Veritas, and to the enlightenment that scholars seek in their research and teaching. Finally, the many facets of the orb symbolize the complexity of advanced learning in the arts and sciences and the importance of approaching its subjects from many intellectual directions. In addition to the large ceremonial school mace described above, there are four smaller maces that are carried by faculty and staff marshals. These marshals’ batons each have a similarly turned shaft of mahogany. At their tops is a single enameled shield.