Early American Textbooks, 1775-1900. a Catalog of the Titles Held by the Educational Research Library. INSTITUTION Alvina Treut Burrows Inst., Manhasset, NY
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 264 601 CS 209 572 AUTHOR Svobodny, Dolly, Ed. Early American Textbooks, 1775-1900. A Catalog of the Titles Held by the Educational Research Library. INSTITUTION Alvina Treut Burrows Inst., Manhasset, NY. SPONS AGENCY Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 85 CONTRACT 400-78-0015 NOTE 300p.; For companion volumes, see "Fifteenth to Eighteenth Century Rare Books on Education" (ED 139 434) and "Early American Upellers" (CS209 573). Printed on colored paper. PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Directories/Catalogs (132) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC12 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Educational Change; *Educational History; Educational Philosophy; Elementary Secondary Education; Library Cataloas; Publishing Industry; Reference Materials; *Textbooks; *United States History IDENTIFIERS Early American Textbook Collection; Educational Research Library DC ABSTRACT Intended as an educational resource foruse in the study of the early development of education in the UnitedStates, this catalog, prepared by the Educational ResearchLibrary of the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Educational Researchand Improvement, contains bibliographic descriptions formore than 6,000 textbooks published from 1775 to 1900. Followingan introductory essay that discusses the role of textbooks in educational change, the titles are arranged in categories correspondingto the following academic disciplines: (1) art education; (2) business education;(3) civics; (4) English, including children's literature,composition, elocution, grammar, literature, primers, readers, andspellers; (5) foreign languages, including French, German, Greek, Latin,and Spanish; (6) geography; (7) history, including ancient,European, United States (national and local), and world history;(8) mathematics, including algebra, arithmetic, andgeometry; (9) music education; (10) penmanship; (11) philosophy; (12) religious education; (13) science, including anatomy,astronomy, botany, chemistry, geology, nature science, physics, and zoology;and (14) women's education. Within each category, the titlesare arranged alphabetically by author and title. (FL) *********t************************************************************* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made from the original document. *************************************x********************************* 4. EARLY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION XTI300ES NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION e14 CENTER (ERIC) -4.4.6**".- 14This document has been teprodu*d u received from the person or organization 041(plibila It .1 Mine+ changes have been mods to improve 1775-1900 reproduction Quids. Points of view or opinions stated in this doou mint do not necossanly represent official ME Cit Poona)* or policy 'JJ Reseattli and inprwanent US,DePartmetitataitratibil A I 1. 1/4. W4C* " 'a44 W/"\C eP mos 4 1 4 I 4 1 \ / n \ / n \ \ 1 t t, A p a ;\' \ r 66. I. e . 1 / 0I w A I 0 . \ t.' l . S. .13 0/ . \ .0\ / 4 II 4 ip . v SR I D 411; " t. A,/ \ I * / Z \ %I / \r/ \ %I / \ \/ A / - I V; _2 7:7111.7=w-w:-. 71,71Tr; A I 1 1 1 HE CATALOG of Early AmericanTextbooks was prepared for the U.S. Department of Education under Contract Number 400-78-0015 )immliy THE ALVINA TREUT BURROWS INSTITUTE,INC. BOX 49, MANHASSET, NEW YORK 11030 CHIEF EDITOR, COMPILER, AND ART DIRECTOR DOLLY SVOBODNY CONSULTANTS WARREN BORN ALVINA TREUT BURROWS SPENCER MAXCY 4 THE EARLY AMERICAN TEXTBOOK COLLECTION is a special historical collection housed in the Educational Research Library of the Office of Educational Researchand Improvement. The Collection containsmore than 12,000 vol- umes of texts used or published in America during the eight eenth and nineteenth centuries. Textbooks used in the subject N.. fields most commonly taught in the early schools,as well as books used for supplementary reading and study,are represented in the Collection This Catalog of Early American Textbooks isan attempt to provide wider visibility and access to this outstanding Collection. te The Collection had its beginning :it the Bureau of Education, establishedwithin the Department of Interior in 1869, and the forerunner of theU.S. Office of Education. Early administators in the Bureau believed it desirableto collect these books, which were becoming scarce, in order to providea better historical record of their development, and to exhibit them along with modern textbooks forcomparative purposes. Henry Barnard, the first Commissioner of Education, expressedinterest in the Collection and contributed books from his personal library. A "Museum ofTextbooks' was planned by the Bureau; howev 1r, it never materialized because of lack of funds andshortages of space. In 1953, when the Department of Health, Education, and Welfarewas created, the former Bureau of Education Library was merged with the newly establisheddepartmental library. Only a small portion of the Early American TextbookCollection was retained in this library. The remainder of the Collectionwas fragmented and deposited in various public, college and university libraries in the Washingtonarea. In 1973, that portion of the textbooks housed at the departmental librarywas transferred along with the major education collection at the National Institute of Educationto form the nucleus of the Educational Research Library. With the increase in requests for volumes not included in the Library'ssmall collection of textbooks, it soon became evident that therewas indeed a scarcity of early American textbooks. Researchers and historians were often unableto locate copies of earlier edi- tions at other libraries. Recognizing the need fora comprehensive collection of early American textbooks, the Library initiated steps to acquire the remainingvolumes which were in storage at three area libraries. In 1977, the final portion of the Early American Textbook Collection was officially transferred to the EducationalResearch Library. For the first time in several decades, the textbooks havenow been integrated and housed as a single collection. This Catalog of Early American Textbooks containsa representative selection of textbooks from the overall Collection and is a sequel volume to the Fifteenthto Eighteenth Century Rare Books on Education published by the Institute in 1976.As a result of the efforts expended in the compilation of these volumes, two significanthistorical collections, the Early American Textbook Collection and the Rare Book Collection,have been perma- nently established as educational resources for future study and researchon the early development and trends in American education. Office of Educational Research and Improvement Chester E. Finn,Jr. Assistant Secretary 5 v ,..-..-e-:,..,7.-,. Foreword v Introduction"American Textbooks and Educational Change" ix Users Guide xvi Art Education 1 Business Education 6 Civics 10 English Children's Literature 13 Composition and Rhetoric 24 Elocution 33 Grammar 38 Literature 61 Primers 69 Readers 75 Spellers 114 Foreign Languages French 125 German 136 Greek 139 Latin 143 Spanish 146 Geography 147 History Ancient History 168 European History England 171 France 175 Germany 175 Other 176 U.S. History 177 U.S. Local History 189 World History 192 Mathematics Algebra 195 Arithmetic 201 Geometry 229 Music Education 238 Penmanship 243 Philosophy 244 Religious Education 247 Science Anatomy and Physiology 249 Astronomy 253 Botany 255 Chemistry 257 Geology 262 Nature Study 264 Physics 265 Zoology 270 Women's Education 272 Bibliography 275 Author Index 277 Subject Index 287 American Textbooks and Educational Change Nothing gives us insight into the history of educationmore clearly than do school textbooks of the past They tell us what people thought was worth knowingthecontent of education. They provide clues about how teachers taughtthe methods of instruction.And they reveal what was expected of studentsthe standards of pupil assessment and evaluation.But the American textbooks of the nine- teenth century do more than merely supply dataon these aspects of education; the history of these school textbooks gives usa valuable key to understanding the dynamics of educational change in America For American education is, and has long been,textbook-centered. School textbooks largely determine the content of what it taught, the methods ofinstruction, and the ..:eans of assessing stu- dent performance. The history of American school textbookschronicles and reflects the essential changes in American education. Early American texts had English ancestors The textbook-centeredness of American education becamea permanent feature of our schools when Americans began compiling theirown textbooks in the aftermath of the war for independence from England. Noah Webster first showed theway and set the course in the 1780's when he declared thathe wantedtoprepare"a book from which children couldreallylearn how to spell" something, he added "which was difficult for them in the booksextant." Those "extant" books, mostly imported from England, all shareda common theory of education: to discipline the minds of children by confronting them with wordsas difficult and as arcane as possible. One single lesson from Thomas Dilworth's A New Guideto the English Tongue, for example, contained the following: Aberconiway, Caglian, Carencester, Compostella,Elezeer.. .17,y Other lessons served up such tongue twistersas: Nebuzaradum, Estremadure, Saxigesime, an8 Abelbethmaleah. Noah Webster's book appeared in 1783. Ezra Stiles, the Presidentof Yale, urged Webster to give it the