The Cambridge History of American Music - Edited by David Nicholls Index More Information

Home , That Mysterious Rag

Cambridge University Press 0521545544 - The Cambridge History of American Music - Edited by David Nicholls Index More information

Index

AACM (Association for the Advancement of relationship with Africa 103–112, 114, Creative Musicians) 456–458, 463, 465 115–117, 120–121, 134, 295; stereotypes Abba 343, 368 166–167, 171 (see also minstrelsy); and Abbott, Emma 41 the West Indies 112–113, 115 Abdul, Paula 376 After the Ball 164, 183, 322, 327 Abrams, Muhal Richard 457 Agee, James 486 AC/DC 370 Ainsworth, Henry 35, 82–83 Acadians 151, 295 Ain’t Misbehavin’ 413 accessibility 158–159, 222 Aitken, John 67 accompaniment patterns 314, 321 Alabama (group) 376 accordion 150, 151, 283, 292, 301–302 Aladdin 333 acid house 386 Albert, Stephen 561–562 acid jazz 467 Alboni, Marietta 203 acid rock 347–348, 363 Alexander, James 76, 77 Acu◊, Roy 356 Alexander’s Ragtime Band 393–394 Adam, Adolphe 202 Alice Cooper 371 Adams, Abraham 92 All I Want Is a Room Somewhere 321 Adams, John (18th-century) 69, 186 All Quiet Along the Potomac Tonight 182 Adams, John (20th-century) 260, 557–558 Allen, Red 429 Adderley, Julian “Cannonball” 447 Allen, Richard 81, 120, 127 Addison, Joseph 70 Allen, Woody 532 Adgate, Andrew 66–67 Allman Brothers Band, the 369 Adler, Richard 341 alternative music 381–383 Adorno, Theodore 324 alternative rock 266, 347–348 advertising jingles 314, 336, 337 amateur music 189–190, 193; amateurs and Aerosmith 370 professionals performing together 66, AFM (American Federation of Musicians) 189, 216–217 349–350 ambient music 386 Africa, music in 106–107, 108–110, AME (African Methodist Episcopal) Church 111–112 81, 120, 127 African American music 388, 403; American Federation of Musicians 341, 424, nationalists and 251; white composers 428–429 and 260; white performers and 267; see American Folklife Center 27 also under individual musical styles American Indian Dance Theater 25 African Americans 46–48; bands 161; and American Indian (Native American) music Christianity 80–81, 114, 116, 119–120, 3–29, 58; continuity 79; early studies of 126–129; as composers 133–134; 251–252, 253; musical forms 6–7, 8, 9, festivals 119, 123–124; and minstrelsy 17; non-Native Americans and 28–29, 174–175; and music 113–115, 117–126, 251–252, 253, 260; part-singing 10; 128–134 (see also blues); and musical performance contexts 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, signifying 413; and popular culture 418; 13–16, 20–25, 79; revitalization in 18,

[610]

Index 611

19, 26–27, 29; scales in 5, 8, 12, 14; song Ashman, Howard 333 texts 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 14, 17, 21, 23, 25 Ashworth, Caleb 92 American Indians (Native Americans) Asian-American orchestras/ensembles 46–47; bands 161; and Christianity 284–285 58–61, 80; and polka 283; spirituality 79 Assassins 331 American Opera Company 222 Associates of Doctor Bray 80, 119 American Society of University Composers Astaire, Fred 335 514–515 At a Georgia Campmeeting 391, 392 “Americana” 276–277, 278, 306 Atkins, Chet 357 Amirkhanian, Charles 534 Auber, D.-F.-E. 201, 202 Amish 303, 306 Austin, Elizabeth 194 Ammons, Albert 348 Autry, Gene 349 Anabaptists 145 Autumn in New York 331 Anderson, Laurie 533, 551 Avalon, Frankie 358 Anderson, Leroy 337 avant-gardism 457–458, 517–518 Angels, the 360 Ayler, Albert 455 Animals, the 362 Anka, Paul 358 Babbitt, Milton 42, 442, 484, 496, 498, 499, Annapolis, Tuesday Club 64, 65, 217 508–509, 511, 513, 534, 537 Annie 341 Babes in Arms 318, 330 Annie Get Your Gun 325, 329 Babes in Toyland 323–324 Antheil, George 519 Baby 343 anthems 92, 93, 95 Bach, J. S. 234, 237, 238 Any Old Night 317–318 Bacharach, Burt 343 Anyone Can Whistle 342 Baez, Joan 288, 361, 365 Anything Goes 326 Bailey, Buster 416, 422 Appalachian folk tradition 45, 47, 137, 145, Baird, [Thomas?] 95 296 Baker, Chet 429 Appleton, Jon 534 Baker, Josephine 329 April in Paris 331 Baker, Theodore 28, 251 Arapaho 79 Balatka, Hans 147, 205 Ardoin, Alphonse 302 Balfe, Michael William 163, 202 Ardoin, Amédé 151 Bali Ha’i 336 Argento, Dominick 538–539, 542–543 ballads, political 75–76 Arkansas Traveler 143, 144, 446 Ballard, Louis 26 Arlen, Harold 319, 330–331 Ballentine, Solomon 64 Armstrong, Lillian Hardin 412, 427–428 ballet 72 Armstrong, Louis 270, 409, 411, 412–413, Ballgame, the (Choctaw) 13–14, 15, 18 414, 416, 428, 429, 432 Balmer, Charles 194 Arne, Thomas 34, 67, 69, 70, 71 Baltimore 192, 199, 226 Arnold, Eddy 356, 357 Bambi 333 Arnold, John 90, 92 Band Wagon, The 335 Arnold, Samuel 67 bandleaders 133 arrangement 134, 190–191, 311–312, bands 66, 67–68, 141, 160–162, 189, 195, 320–321, 428 327, 348–349; see also big bands Art Blakey Group 468 bandsmen as soloists 195 Art Ensemble of Chicago 457 Bangs, Lester 365 art rock 347–348 banjo 47, 48 Artôt, Alexandre-Joseph 200 Baptists 98, 99–101 As Time Goes By 336 Baraka, Amiri 456 ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Barber, Samuel 481, 485–488, 537 Authors, and Publishers) 341, 349 Barbera, Joseph 337 Ashley, Robert 533 barbershop music 297

612 Index

Bareﬁeld, Eddie 419–420 Berry, Chuck 351, 354–355, 357, 359, 361 Barney, Geraldine 25 Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, The 341 Barnum 341 Bethany 43, 44, 154, 247 Barnum, P. T. 203–204, 218, 234 Bewitched 329–330 Barras, Charles M. 164 Biferi, Nicholas 54, 64 Bartók, Béla 537 big bands 271, 348–349, 417, 424, 435, Barton, Andrew 71 436–439; singers in 428, 429 Basie, William “Count” 348–349, 350, 419, Big Boy 330 420, 425–427, 436 Big John’s Special 423 Battle Cry of Freedom, The 181 Bill Bailey, Won’t You Please Come Home? Battle Hymn of the Republic, The 181 391 Bauer, Billy 438 Billings, William 67, 87, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, Bauer, Marion 493 99, 187, 198, 272 Baur, Clara 231–232 Birth of the Cool 437, 438, 442, 443, 459 Bauza, Mario 434 Biscaccianti, Elisa 208 “Bay Psalm Book” 35, 83, 85, 87, 90 Bishop, Henry 203 Bayley, Daniel 91, 92 Bitches Brew 370, 460, 461 Beach, Amy Cheney 236, 237, 241–242, black Americans see African Americans 253–254, 490 Black Bottom 330 Beach Boys, the 361 Black Bottom Stomp 410–411 Beatles, the 359, 360, 362, 363, 364 Black Crook, The 164 Beauty and the Beast 333 Black Rock Coalition 348 bebop 48, 426, 427, 428, 432–439, 440 Black Sabbath 370 Bechet, Sidney 407 Black or White 384 Becker, John J. 520, 521 Blackbirds of 1928 330 Bee Gees, the 372 Blackboard Jungle 353 Beer-Barrel Polka 293 blackface minstrelsy see minstrelsy Beethoven, Ludwig van 139, 196, 197, 198, Blackfoot Strikes 25 201, 203, 206, 207, 211, 215–216, 222, Blackmore, Ritchie 364 234 Blackwell, Ed 451–452, 453 Beggar’s Opera, The 69, 70 Blake, Blind 286 Behrent, John 63 Blake, Eubie 329, 406 Beiderbecke, Bix 421, 427, 429, 432, 437 Blakey, Art 440, 441, 467, 468 Belcher, Supply 94 Bland, James 131, 132, 174 Bellaman, Henry 246 Blane, Ralph 309 Bellini, Vincenzo 163, 202, 211 Blanton, Jimmy 431 Bells Are Ringing 340 Blazoncsyk, Eddie 283 Benatar, Pat 375 Bley, Paul 455 Benham, Asahel 94 Bliss, Philip 155, 156, 291 Bennett, Robert Russell 328 Blitzstein, Marc 331 Berg, Alban 504, 506, 519 Bloch, Ernest 42, 493, 508 Berger, Arthur 510, 514 Blood, Sweat and Tears 370 Bergmann, Carl 205 Blue Devils, the 419, 420 Bergsma, William 493 Blue Moon 357 Berio, Luciano 526, 528 Blue Moon of Kentucky 355 Berkeley, Busby 332, 333, 334 Blue Note 441 Berlin, Irving 46, 311, 312, 316–317, 320, blue notes 319, 346, 414 321, 324, 325, 332, 335, 339, 403, 407; Blue Öyster Cult 370 and ragtime 393–394, 395, 397 bluegrass 271, 305, 357 Berlioz, Hector 234 blues 125, 271, 348, 350–351, 406, 413–414, Bernstein, Elmer 336 445–446; Cajun music and 151; country Bernstein, Leonard 41, 260, 312, 341, music and 349; jump 348, 350, 351, 354; 342–343, 481, 496–497, 538–541, 566 origins/roots of 285–286; and place 294,

Index 613

295–296, 297; popular song and brass bands 161–162, 195 327–328; rock and roll and 346–347, Braud, Wellman 431 348; twelve-bar 406 Braxton, Anthony 260, 268, 449, 457, 458, Bluiett, Hamiett 466 463–465, 470 BMI (Broadcast Music, Inc.) 341, 349 Brecht, George 533 Bock, Jerry 341 Brecker, Michael 447 Body and Soul 426, 427 Bremner, James 54 Boelke, Walter 513 Brenston, Jackie 351, 353 Bok, Mary Louise Curtis 232 Brigadoon 340 Bolan, Marc 371 Brighton Beach concerts 230 Bolcom, William 550–551, 552 Bring It On Home 365 Bolden, Buddy 408–409 Bristow, George 41, 210, 211–212, 235 Bolton, Guy 326 broadsides 140 Bolton, Michael 376 Brooks, Garth 383, 384 Bon Jovi 378 Brown, Bobby 376 Bonham, John 565 Brown, Cli◊ord 429 Bonnie Blue Flag, The 181 Brown, Earle 524–525, 526, 530, 534 boogie-woogie 347, 348 Brown, James 266, 360, 363 Boone, Pat 267, 358 Brown, Lawrence 431 bop 271, 434, 440–441, 443, 444, 468 Brown, Lew 330 Borde, Claude de 57 Brown, Milton 349 Boretz, Benjamin 510, 514 Brown, Nacio Herb 317 Born to Run 369 Brown, Ruth 354 Born in the U.S.A. 369, 376 Brown, William 67 Boston 36, 38, 52–53, 63, 72, 89, 97, 189, Brown, William Hill 71 225; Gardner Museum 232; Harvard Browne, Jackson 368 Musical Association 217; “monster” Brownell, George 52 concerts in 233, 235; Philo-Harmonic Brubeck, Dave 438, 439 Society 216; population 192, 199; see also Bruce, Jack 459 Second New England School Buchanan, Annabel Morris 154 Boston Brass Band 195 Buck, Dudley 233, 236 Boston Handel and Haydn Society 188, 193, Buckley’s New Orleans Serenaders 168 197, 198, 205, 233 Buckner, Milt 434 Boston Symphony Orchestra 226, 232, 493, Bu◊alo Springﬁeld 362 507 Bulﬁnch, Charles 53 Boswell, Connee, and sisters 428 Bull, Ole 41, 200, 201, 203, 218, 233, 250 Botsford, George 396 Bully Song 391–392 Bottesini, Giovanni 200 Bülow, Hans von 221 bottle-neck 346 Bunting, Edward 139 Boulanger, Nadia 473, 474, 477, 481, 497, Burch, Sharon 25 501, 507, 536 Burke, Solomon 360 Boulez, Pierre 509–511, 526 Burns, Ralph 436 Bourguignon, Nicholas 58 Burns, Robert 139 Bowie, David 371, 557 Burton, Frederick 28 Bowie, Lester 459 Bushnell, John 95 Boyce, William 69 Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid 343 Boykan, Martin 514 Butler, John “Picayune” 130 Bradbury, William 198 Buttons and Bows 330 Bradford, Perry 413 Bye Bye Birdie 341 Brady, Nicholas 87, 88 Bye, Bye, Blackbird 330 Braham, David 175 Byrd, Robert 141 Brahms, Johannes 208, 238, 242, 244 Byrds, the 362, 363, 369, 447 Brant, Henry 273, 528–529 Byron, Don 467

614 Index

Cabaret 341 Charles, Ray 351, 354, 359, 360 Cabin in the Sky 331 Charleston (city) 38, 56–57, 72, 217 Cadman, Charles Wakefield 252, 253 Charleston (dance) 329 Caesar, Irving 326 Chase, Gilbert 33 Cage, John 272, 274, 275, 505–506, 510, Chávez, Carlos 493, 521 523–526, 527–528, 531, 532, 533–534 Cherokee 433 Cage aux Folles, La 340 Cherry, Don 451, 452, 455 Cajun music 45, 151, 295, 296 Chess 343 cakewalk 391, 392 Chevalier, Maurice 332 Calamity Jane 330 Chicago (band) 370 California Ramblers 415 Chicago (city) 234, 235, 307–308 call 125 Chicago (musical) 341 Calloway, Cab 270, 432 Chicago soul 360 Calvin, John 82, 85 Chicago Symphony Orchestra 226 Camelot 340 Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition camp meetings, and hymnody 127–129, (1893) 250, 251, 252 152–154, 156 children’s bands 161 Campbell, Henry 56 China, immigration from and influence on Campbell, Lucie 291 American music 151–152 Canada 57 Chitty Chitty Bang Bang 333 Cane Ridge 152 Chocolate Dandies, The 429 Cannon, Hughie 391 Choctaw 12–19, 27 canon, the 38–39, 40, 215, 269 choirs, church 87, 88–89 Can’t Help Lovin’ Dat Man 317, 327 Chopin, Frédéric 203, 209, 222, 402 Cantonese opera 152 choral singing 37 Cantor, Eddie 330, 334 choral societies 146–148, 197 Capron, Henri 54 “choristers” (singing-leaders) of churches Carden, Allen D. 154 87, 88–89 Carey, Henry 69 Chorus Line, A 341 Carisi, John 437 Chowning, John 534 Carmichael, Hoagy 329, 331 Christgau, Robert 365 Carousel 338, 339, 342 Christian, Charlie 431 Carpenter, John Alden 260, 493 Christian, Meg 369 Carpenter, Richard 443 Christian Harmonist 101 Carpenters, the 368 Christian Harmony, The 100, 101–102 Carr, Benjamin 67, 70, 72, 73, 187–188 Christian Lyre 156 Carreño, Teresa 221 Christy, E. P./Christy’s Minstrels 168 Carry Me Back to Old Virginny 131, 174 churches, music in 81–102 Carter, Benny 423 Churchill, Frank 333 Carter, Elliott 28, 42, 43, 481, 493, 496, 498, Cincinnati 231–232, 234 515–516, 560 “citizen” and “pioneer”, myth of 30–33, Carter Family 45, 349 261, 262, 274 Casa Loma Orchestra 418–419, 420, 424 City of Angels 341 Casablanca 336 City of Glass 438 Cash, Johnny 356, 361 Civil War songs 181–182 Castle, Vernon and Irene 325, 404, 405 Clambake Seven 429 Caze, Mr. 64 Clapton, Eric 366, 459 censorship 334 clarinet 422 Chadwick, George Whitefield 236, 237, Clarinet Marmalade 405, 409 238, 239–241, 253–254, 481–482, 500 Clark, Dick 359 Chamberlain, Deacon 89–90, 93 Clarke, Kenny 431, 440 Chapin, Harry 368 Clash, the 373 charity concerts 377 class issues 345

Index 615

Clef Club 405 Cone, Edward T. 511 Cleveland 231, 353 “Congo”, use of term 121 Cleveland Orchestra 226, 231 Congo Square 121, 123–124, 129 Clinton, George 371 congregational singing 85–86, 87–90, 149, Clorindy, The Origin of the Cakewalk 175 198 Closer Than Ever 343, 344 Congregationalists 83–98, 149 clubs 64, 65–66, 217 conservatism 39, 206–207, 209–210, 263 Coasters, the 352 Contemporary Chamber Ensemble 512 Cobain, Kurt 383 Cook, Will Marion 175, 328, 388–389, 390, Cobham, Billy 459, 461 391, 394, 404–405, 417 Cochran, Eddie 356 Cooke, Sam 360 Cohan, George M. 164, 317, 322, 323, 344, Cool 342 391 cool jazz 439–440 Cole, Bob 132, 175, 328, 391, 393 Cooper, W. M. 154 Cole, Nat King 267, 434 Copland, Aaron 260, 342, 472–473, Coleman, Cy 340–341 476–481, 482, 484, 489, 490, 496, 507, Coleman, Ornette 444, 445–446, 448–449, 515, 521, 537 450, 451–454, 460, 462 Corea, Chick 461, 551 Collection of Church Music, The Boston Handel Corigliano, John 559–560 and Haydn Society 197, 198 Cornmeali, Signor 130 Collection of Spiritual Songs and Hymns 81, 127 corrido 150 Collins, Judy 361–362 Coryell, Larry 459 Colter, Jessi 369 cotillion 74 Coltrane, John 270–271, 434, 443, 444, Cotton, John 85 446–447, 449, 450, 454, 456, 459 Cotton Club 331, 417, 425, 430 Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music counter-culture 363–364, 367–368 Center 513–514 country dances 144, 145 Columbus, Women’s Music Club 227, 228 Country Joe and the Fish 363 Comden, Betty 341 country music (and hillbilly) 263, 267, 271, Comets, Bill Haley and His 353 296, 346–347, 349, 353, 356–357, 361, Commuck, Thomas 25–26, 28 369–370, 376, 383–384; American Company 334 Indians and 25; and race issues 345; rock competitive festivals 147, 148–149 and roll and 348 composers: education 41–42, 64, 536; country rock 347–348 position of 40, 238–239; studying in Couple of Swells, A 316–317, 320, 335 Europe 41–42, 218, 235–236, 239, 244, covers 266–267, 268, 327 500–501 Cowell, Henry 28, 249, 261, 273, 274, Composers’ Collective of New York 489–490, 501–502, 503, 506, 518, 521–522 519–525, 526, 527, 528 composition: assistance with 312; Choctaw Cox, Ida 414 view of 16, 17; and invention 272; Cradle Will Rock, The 331 teaching of 64 Crawford, Ruth 273, 517, 519, 521 Compost 461 Crazy Blues 413–414 computers 534 Cream 366, 459 concept musical 341 Creole Jazz Band 411 concert spirituals 129–130 Creole music 209 concerts 38–39, 52–53, 54, 66–67, 132, 146, Creole Rhapsody 430 147, 175–178, 189–190, 202–204; Creston, Paul 489–490 African Americans and 132; folk music in Crew-Cuts, the 352 136; “monster” 42, 203, 232–235; critics 207, 215, 365, 417, 451 programming and repertory 492–493, Crosby, Bing 335, 347, 428 496–498, 566 Crosby, Fanny 291 conductus 154–155 Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young 368

616 Index

cross-rhythms 317–319; see also Davis, Miles 363, 370, 434, 437, 441, syncopation 443–444, 446, 447, 449, 450, 459–461 crossover 263, 551 Davisson, Ananias 153 Crow, Jim (character in minstrelsy) Day, Doris 330 165–167 Days of Future Passed 364 Crudup, Arthur “Big Boy” 355, 356 De Koven, Reginald 322 Crumb, George 261, 517, 531 de Meyer, Leopold 200–201, 204 cry 125 Deblois, Stephen, and family 52 Crystals, the 360 Debussy, Claude 477 Cubano Be 435 Deep Purple 364, 370 Cunningham, Merce 533 Def Leppard 377, 378 Curtin, Hoyt 337 DeJohnette, Jack 461 Custis, Nelly 65 Del Tredici, David 547–550, 555 Cyrille, Andrew 454 Delacroix, Joseph 54 Dello Joio, Norman 493 Da Ponte, Lorenzo 163 Dencke, Jeremiah 83 Dalayrac, Nicolas-Marie 58 Denmark, immigration from and inﬂuence Dallapiccola, Luigi 543, 546 on American music 149 Damn Yankees 341 Densmore, Frances 28 Damrosch, Leopold 147 Denver, John 368 Damrosch, Walter 223–224, 233–234 Desert Song, The 332 dance(s) 24, 49, 50–51, 58, 73–75, 76, DeSylva, Buddy 330 141–145, 150; African Americans and Dezède, Nicolas 58 118, 125–126, 129, 132, 133; American Diamond, David 481, 489–490, 496, 537 Indian 14, 15, 18, 19, 20–21, 22–24, 29, Dibango, Manu 372, 461 79; ballroom 325, 404; clubs for 66; Dibdin, Charles 67, 69 ﬁddle and 138, 141; jazz and 404, 408, Dickinson, John 69 416, 417; music of, as evidence of folk diegetic use of music 313, 336 tradition 135; music of, minstrelsy and Dienval, Alexander 54 169; in musical theatre 329; notation 50, Dietz, Howard 335 74, 76; persistence of 274–275; piano di◊erence 278–279, 286–287, 302–303, versions 184; polka 144–145, 282–283, 305 291–292, 297; popular songs and 319; Dippermouth Blues 411, 416, 423 teaching 52 Disappointment, The 71 “dance music” (genre) see disco disc jockeys 358–359, 379, 386 dance songs, American Indian 5, 6–8, 13, disco 348, 371–373, 376, 386; see also rock 14–15 and roll dance theatre 25, 51, 70 Disney, Walt 330, 332–333 Danielpour, Richard 562–563 Ditson, Oliver 183 Danks, H. P. 183 Divine Hymns or Spiritual Songs 99–101 Danny and the Juniors 352 D-I-V-O-R-C-E 361 Darktown Is Out Tonight 388–389, 391 Dixie 170, 181 Darling Nikki 375 Dixieland jazz 349, 405–406, 449 Darrell, R. D. 417 Dixon, George Washington 166, 167 Daugherty, Michael 564 Dixon, Willie 365 Dave Clark Five, the 362 DJs 358–359, 379, 386 Davenport, Uriah 92 Dodds, Johnny 411 David, Hal 343 Dolphy, Eric 445, 454 Davidovsky, Mario 513–514 Domino, Fats 351, 352, 354 Davids, Brent Michael 26 Donaldson, Walter 330 Davis, Anthony 466, 551 Donizetti, Gaetano 163, 201, 202 Davis, Gussie 132 Don’t Be Cruel 355 Davis, John 194 Don’t Bring Lulu 330

Index 617

Don’t Come Home A’Drinkin’ (With Lovin’ On Eileen 323 Your Mind) 361 Eisfeld, Theodore 205 Doors, the 366 eisteddfods 148–149 doowop 348, 352, 357, 360, 361, 385–386 El Capitan 322–323 Dorsey, Jimmy 270, 423 Eldridge, Roy 431, 432, 446 Dorsey, Thomas 129 electric guitar 346, 347, 351, 366 Dorsey, Thomas A. 286, 291, 299 elitism 31–33, 40, 261, 266 Dorsey, Tommy 270, 328, 423, 424, 429 Ellington, Edward Kennedy “Duke” Down South Camp Meeting 423 270–271, 416–417, 421, 426, 428, Down Under 432 430–431, 437, 444–445 Dozier, Lamont 360 Emerson, Ralph Waldo 176 Dresser, Paul 184, 322 Emerson, Lake and Palmer 364 Drifters, the 352 Emmett, Dan 170, 181 Drummer Boy of Shiloh, The 182 End, The 367 drumming styles 347, 431, 440 Enemyway songs 24–25 Dubin, Al 333–334 Engel, Carl 328 Duke, Vernon 330, 331 Eno, Brian 557 Dumbo 333 Enstone, Edward 62–63 Dunlap, William 71, 72 Epstein, Brian 362 Duran Duran 375 Ervin, Booker 445 Durang, John 143–144 Essipo◊, Anna 221 Durang’s Hornpipe 143–144 Ethiopian Serenaders 168 Durham, Eddie 419–420, 425 ethnic parades 298, 305, 307–308 Dutrey, Honore 411 ethnomusicology 28, 259 Dvorˇák, Antonín 232, 240, 241–242, 244, Eurocentrism 206, 235–236, 496–497 250, 259 Europe, American composers and 41–42, Dwight, John Sullivan 207, 215, 233, 238 186–189, 208, 235–236, 239, 244, Dylan, Bob 288, 346, 361, 362, 363, 365, 500–501 367, 369, 374 Europe, James Reese 404–405, 407 Evangeline 164 Eager, Allen 437 Evans, Gil 436–437, 440, 443, 450, 454 Eagles, the 362, 369 Evans, Ray 330 Earl and the Girl, The 324 Eve of Destruction 367 Earth, Wind and Fire 371 Eventually 452 Easter Parade 335 Everly Brothers 356 Easy Instructor, The 153 Everything’s Coming Up Roses 320 Ebb, Fred 341 Experimental Band 457 eclecticism 261–262 experimentalism 271–273, 274, 517–518 Eddy, Nelson 332 Edens, Roger 309, 317, 321 Fabian 358 Edison, Harry “Sweets” 426 Fagan, Mr. 64 Edson, Lewis 87, 95 Fain, Sammy 330 education 18, 29, 35–37, 44, 49, 52; African Faith, Percy 359 Americans and 122–123; Choctaw 18; Falsettoland 343 composers’ see under composers; Fanny 369 ideology and 33; jazz 438, 452, 468; Fantasticks, The 341 missionaries and 59, 60, 61, 80; Fanueil, Peter 52 recording and 345; singing schools Farwell, Arthur 28, 236, 252, 253, 260 81–82, 83, 84, 86–87, 89, 197; Faulkner, Sandford C. 144 technology and 258–259; women and Fay, Amy 227 192, 228, 231–232 Federal Cylinder Project 27 egalitarianism, experimentalism and 272 Feldman, Morton 513, 524–525, 526, 530 Eichheim, Henry 522 femininity, music and 192

618 Index

feminism 361, 369, 383–384 folk spirituals 128–129 festivals 147–149, 359, 364, 365, 383; and Follies 334 di◊erence 294, 305, 306–307 Foote, Arthur 236, 237, 253–254 fiddle (and fiddle music) 169, 239–240; Ford, Tennessee Ernie 267 African Americans and 114–115, 124; Forerunner 452 American Indians and 19, 24; in Cajun Forrest, Edwin 165 music 151; country music and 346, 349; Forte, Allen 315, 319 and dancing 138, 141; and Irish music 42nd Street 334 137–138, 140–141 Foss, Lukas 260, 493, 528 fiddle bands 24 Fosse, Bob 334 Fiddler on the Roof 341 Foster, Stephen 136, 139, 170–173, field holler 125 180–181, 195, 240, 264, 265, 267, 322 Fields, Dorothy 330, 341 Four Tops, the 360, 367 52nd Street, New York 429, 432, 435, 437 Fourth Way, The 459 Fight the Power 367 fox trot 318, 321, 326, 405, 551 Figuredo, Fray Roque de 59 Frampton, Peter 368 Filipino Americans 285 France, American composers and 496, film 313, 332–336, 338, 343 500–501 Finland, immigration from and influence on Francis, Connie 359 American music 149 Francis, William 72 Finn, William 343 Franck, César 242 Finney, Charles 156 Franco-American Musical Society 519 First Herd 436 Franklin, Aretha 360 First New England School 84–98, 198, 236 Franklin, Benjamin 75–76, 160 Fischer, Carl 26 Free African Society 120 Fitzgerald, Ella 428 free jazz 438–439, 444–447, 448, 450–458 Fitzpatrick, Patrick 138 Free Jazz 453, 454 Five Satins, the 357 Free Spirits 459 Flagg, Josiah 53 Freed, Alan 353, 359 Flamingos, the 357 Freedom Suite, The 450 Fleetwood Mac 368–369, 386 Freeman, Bud 422 Fletcher, Alice 27, 28, 251–252 Freemasons 65–66 Fleurtel, Pierre 57 French, Jacob 94 Flock, The 459 Fries, Wulf 205 Florodora 323 Friml, Rudolf 164, 332 Flower Drum Song 338 Frizzell, Lefty 356 Flowers of Edinburgh 68 Frohman, Charles 324 flute 137–138 Fry, Henry 235, 236 Fluxus 273, 530, 533, 538 Fry, Joseph Reese 211, 212 Flying Burrito Brothers 362 Fry, William Henry 41, 42, 210–211 Focus on Sanity 452 fuging tunes 92, 95–97, 198 Fogerty, John 370 Fuller, Gil 435 “folk composing” 35–36 funk (jazz style) 441 folk hymns 101–102, 153–155 funk (rock) 348, 360, 371 folk music and folk traditions 43–44, 46, Funny Face 326 135–136, 259–260, 277, 278, 287–289; in Funny Girl 340 churches and in sacred music 98–99, fusion 447, 448, 458–462, 469 101–102; country music and 346; in education 29; jazz and 446; popular Gabler, Milt 429 music and 291; publications of 139–140; galop 145 recording and 48 gamelan 284–285 folk rock 25, 347–348 games 69; vocal 11–12; see also Ballgame folk song, MacDowell’s classification of Garbarek, Jan 462 253 Garcia, Jerry 462

Index 619

García, Manuel 163, 194 Gilman, B. I. 252 Garcia, Russell 438 Gilmore, Patrick 42, 161, 233 Gardner, Isabella Stewart 232 Girard, Jean 57 Gardner, Newport 81–82 Girl Crazy 328, 329, 417 Garfunkel, Art 362 Girl from Utah, The 319 Garland, Judy 309, 321, 335 girl groups 347, 360 Garland, Peter 532 Give My Regards to Broadway 323, 391 Garland, Red 443 Glass, Philip 29, 42, 489, 517, 529–530, 533, Garrison, Jimmy 447, 454 555, 556–557 Gaston 333 glees 177 Gay, John 69 globalism 275, 300 gay discos and music 294, 372 Glorifying the American Girl 334 Gay Divorce 330 Godspell 342 Gaye, Marvin 360, 367, 368 Gold Diggers of 1933 333, 334 Geiogamah, Hanay 25 Goldilocks 337 Geminiani, Francesco 62 Goldkette, Jean 418 gender issues and roles: concerning Golson, Benny 447 composers 242; concerning instruments Gone with the Wind 336 427; jazz and 427; in minstrelsy 170, 174; Gonzáles, Francisco 57 in music in Africa 107, 108, 109–110; in Good Bye, My Lady Love 391 performance of American Indian music Good Rockin’ Tonight 351, 353 22, 23, 24–25; rock and roll and 348, 358, Goodman, Benny 270, 328, 417, 418–419, 365, 372, 373; see also women 422–424, 429, 440 General, The 68 Goodman, Jerry 459, 461 genre(s) 345, 347–348, 378; identity and Gordy, Berry 360 348; and race issues 345, 347, 355–356 Gore, Leslie 360–361 Gentlemen Prefer Blondes 340 Gospel Hymns and Sacred Songs 155 George White’s Scandals 328, 330 gospel music/songs 129, 155–156, 286, Georgia Minstrels 131, 174 290–291, 304–305, 476; in Africa 299, Georgia Sea Islands 295, 296 300; and alterity 293; American Indians Germania Musical Society 201, 202, 205, and 25; harmonic style 154–155; rock 219 and roll and 351 Germany: American composers studying in Gospel Songs 155 208, 235–236, 244, 500, 501; Gottschalk, Louis Moreau 184, 208–209, immigration from and inﬂuence on 210, 219, 221, 236, 260 American music 145–148, 150, Graettinger, Robert 438 204–206, 207–208, 210, 212, 235, Gram, Hans 94 283 Gramercy Five 429 Gerry and the Pacemakers 362 Grand Funk Railroad 370 Gershwin, George 26, 260, 319, 325–326, Grand Ole Opry 349 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 335, 339, 417, Grand Rapids, St. Cecilia Club 229 443, 472–476, 481, 482, 489 Grandfather’s Clock 183 Gershwin, Ira 326, 339 graphic scores 525 Getz, Stan 440 Grateful Dead, the 363, 374 Ghost Dance 20–21 Graupner, Catherine Comerford 188 Giant Steps 444, 447, 450 Graupner, Gottlieb 73, 187, 188 Gi◊ord, Gene 418 Gray, Wardell 437 Gigi 340 Great Awakening, First 82, 98, 120 Gilbert, Henry Franklin Belknap 252 Great Awakening, Second 98–99, Gilbert, Stephen 315, 319 127–128 Gilbert, W. S. 164, 331 Great Pretender, The 352 Gilfert, Charles 187 Green, Adolf 341 Gillespie, John Birks “Dizzy” 432, 433, Green, Al 368 434–435, 436 Green, Freddie 426

620 Index

Green, Ray 521 harmoniemusik 67–68 Greene, Schuyler 318 harmony: in jazz 421, 426, 431, 432, 438; in Greenﬁeld, Elizabeth Taylor 133 popular song 314–315, 317, 320, 325, Grétry, A.-E.-M. 58 328 Grieg, Edvard 242, 243–244 Harms, Thomas B. 183 Gri◊es, Charles 236, 522 Harnick, Sheldon 341 Gri√n, Johnny 434, 467 Harrigan, Ned 138, 175 Grisi, Giulia 203 Harris, Charles K. 164, 183–184, 322 Grofé, Ferde 421, 545 Harris, Roy 481, 483–485, 490, 492–494, Group for Contemporary Music 512–513 496, 537 grunge 382 Harris, Wynonie 351, 353, 354 Grunzweig, Ferdinand 57 Harrison, Jimmy 416 Gualdo, John 64 Harrison, Lou 260, 505–506, 523, 526–527, guitar 346, 347, 351, 366 528, 529, 538–539, 543–544 Gungl, Joseph 201 Hart, Lorenz 317, 329–330, 332, 335, 338 Guns N’ Roses 378, 382 Hart, Tony 138, 175 Guthrie, Woody 46, 362 Hartley, George H. 57 Guy 376 Harvard University 238 Guys and Dolls 339 Harvey, Polly Jean 383 Gypsy 316, 320, 339, 340 Hastings, Thomas 26, 36, 154, 198 Hatton, Anne Julia 72 Haden, Charlie 446, 451, 452, 453 Haupt, August 237 Haggard, Merle 361, 369, 376 Havana 209 Hague, Sam 131 Havana Opera Company 202, 222 Hail! Columbia 67 Hawkins, Coleman 416, 426, 427, 429, 431, Haitian music 209 432 Haley, Bill 353, 354 Hawthorne, Alice 183 Hall, Carol 341 Hayden, Scott 396 Hallam, Lewis 53–54, 55, 70, 72 Haydn, Joseph 36, 139, 197, 198, 201, 206, Hamilton, Scott 463 215–216 Hamlisch, Marvin 341 Hays, Will S. 173, 174, 182 Hamm, Charles 33 heart beats 7 Hammer, Jan 461 Hearts of Oak 69 Hammerstein family 324 Heath, Jimmy 447 Hammerstein, Oscar, II 321, 327–328, 329, Heath, Percy 445, 447 332, 337–338, 340 heavy metal 347–348, 364, 370–371, Hammond, John 422–423, 424, 425, 429 377–379 Hampton, Lionel 441 Hefti, Neal 436 Hancock, Herbie 441, 461, 467 Heigh-Ho 333 Handel, George Frederick 36, 67, 69, 197, Heinrich, Anthony Philip 42–43, 195–196, 198, 207, 215–216, 234 235, 236, 249–250 Handy, W. C. 405, 481 Hello, Dolly! 340 Hanna, William 337 Hello Ma Baby 391, 392–393 Hanson, Howard 483–485, 490–491, 537 Hemphill, Julius 466 Happy Talk 339 Henderson, Fletcher 270, 412, 415–416, Harbach, Otto 326 417, 418, 419, 420, 422, 423–424, 426, Harbison, John 551–553, 555 427 hard bop 440–441, 443, 444 Henderson, Horace 423 hard rock 347–348, 366 Henderson, Joe 447 Hardin, Lillian 412, 427–428 Henderson, Ray 330 Harlem Rag 389 Hendrix, Jimi 366, 459 Harlem stride piano see stride piano Henry, John 54 harmolodics 445 Herbert, Victor 164, 312, 320, 322, 323–324

Index 621

Herbst, Johannes 83 Hopkinson, Joseph 67 Herman, Jerry 340 Horn, Charles Edward 205 Herman, Woody 429, 432, 436, 437 hornpipe 142, 143, 145 Herman’s Hermits 362, 564 Hotter Than That 412–413 Herrmann, Bernard 336 Hound Dog 355 Herz, Henri 200–201, 204 house 386 Herzog, George 28 House of Flowers 331 Hewitt, Eliza 188 Houston, Whitney 375–376, 386 Hewitt, George Washington 188 Houston Symphony Orchestra 226 Hewitt, James 54, 67, 72, 73, 187, 188 Hovhaness, Alan 489–490, 538–539, Hewitt, James Lang 188 544–545 Hewitt, John Hill 179–180, 182, 188 Howard, Camille 348 Hewitt, Sophia 188, 208 Howard, Joseph E. 391 Heyward, DuBose 475 How’d You Like to Spoon with Me? 324 Hicks, Charles “Barney” 131 Howe, Julia Ward 181 Higginson, Henry Lee 226 Howlin’ Wolf 351, 370, 441 Higgins, Billy 451–452, 453 Hudson, Will 425 “Highway 61” 294 Hughes, Adella Prentiss 231 Hill, Edward Burlingame 501 Hughes, Langston 485 Hill, Joe 46 Hulett, William Charles 53–54 Hill, Teddy 434 Hunter, Alberta 414 Hill, Ureli Corelli 205, 208 Hupﬁeld, Herman 336 hillbilly see country music Hutchinson Family Singers 177–178, 180, Hillegas, Michael 54, 63 214 Hiller, Lejaren 534 Hutterites 303 Hindemith, Paul 42, 473, 519, 536 hymn tunes 26, 35–36, 82–83, 90–94, Hines, Earl 421, 424, 425, 434 99–102, 153–155; in Africa 299; African hip hop 25, 48, 268, 296, 360, 379 Americans and 47–48, 121, 127, 128; and Ho◊master, Mr. 143–144 art music 197; blues and 286; earliest Hold Everything 330 American compositions 91; and folk Holden, Oliver 95, 99 tradition 136; gospel music and 156, Holdroyd, Israel 92 290–291; popular concert music using Holiday, Billie 422, 429 177 Holiday Inn 335 Hynde, Chrissie 375 Holland, Brian 360 Holland, Eddie 360 I Am What I Am 340 Holly, Buddy 354, 356, 359 I Am Woman 369 Hollywood Revue, The 317 I Can’t Give You Anything But Love 330, 413 Holman, Bill 438 I Could Write a Book 329–330 Holt, Henry 56 I Got a Woman 351 Holyoke, Samuel 94, 101 I Got Rhythm 328 home, music in 65, 132, 159, 178–185, 192 I Want to be a Military Man 323 Home, Sweet Home 203, 222 I Want to be Happy 326–327 Hommann, Charles 210 I Wish I Was in Dixie’s Land (Dixie) 170, 181 Honeydrippers 346 Ida Red 354 honky tonk 356 identity 278, 280–282, 287, 303, 305; honor beats 7 alterity and 293–294; as choice 285, 287; Hook, James 67 and genre 348; sameness and 293 Hooker, John Lee 350 If I Loved You 338, 339 Hope, Bob 330 If You Knew Susie 330 Hopkins, Jerome 210 Iggy Pop 373 Hopkins, John 82 ilbient music 386 Hopkinson, Francis 64, 65, 71, 91 I’ll Be Seeing You 330

622 Index

I’ll Take You Home Again, Kathleen 183 It’s My Party 360 I’m Just Wild About Harry 329 It’s Only a Paper Moon 319 I’m Old Fashioned 321–322 I’ve Got a Savior 351 immigration 187–188, 193–194, 199–200, Ives, Charles 43, 196, 244–249, 254, 261, 204–205, 280–281 272–273, 298, 471–472, 489, 491, 497, impresarios 202, 231 518–519, 521, 528; dating of works 245, improvisation 64, 268–270; in American 518–519 Indian music 17–19; experiment and 271–273; jazz and 406, 408, 410–411, Jackson, Bull Moose 351–352 415, 416, 426, 432, 433–434, 455–458, Jackson, George K. 187 462–463; recording(s) and 269–270 Jackson, George Pullen 33, 154 In Dahomey 328 Jackson, Janet 376 In the Midnight Hour 360 Jackson, Michael 374, 375, 384 In the Navy 372 Jackson, Milt 434 In the Still of the Night 357 Jackson Five, the 368 In the Sweet Bye and Bye 46 Jadassohn, Salomon 239 In Trousers 343 Jaëll, Alfred 201, 203 Incledon, Charles 194 Jagiello, Walter 283 Independence Day 384 Japanese-American music 284 Indianist movement 28–29, 252, 253 Jarman, Joseph 458 Ingalls, Jeremiah 100, 101–102 Jarrett, Keith 463, 551 Ink Spots, the 267, 352 Javanese music 284–285 instruction manuals 36, 50, 62, 91, 153; as jazz 270–271, 348–349; American Indians evidence for folk tradition 135 and 25, 26; art music and 436, 441–443, instruments: African 106–107, 108, 109, 473 (see also “third stream”); country 110, 111; African American use of music and 349; crisis of 448, 459, 114–115, 119; in American Indian music 462–463, 465–468; extension of meaning 5–6, 7, 8, 9–10, 11, 12, 14, 19, 23, 24, 26, 462; identity 435–436; Indianist 58, 61, 79; in church music 59–60, 84, 88, movement and 253; metaphors and 97; and ethnic identity 283; in jazz 408; myths of 448; military bands and 161; in minstrel shows 168; Puritans and 52; modal 444, 459; neoclassical 469–470; sales of 62–63 origins 48, 403–406; performance of, integrationism 263 relationship to written music 406; intellectualism 31–33 popular song and 331; and ragtime 398; International Composers’ Guild 502, 519, rehearsal in 406, 412, 415, 424; and 520 stripping-down of music 311–312; white International Rag, The 394 performers and 270 internet, the 268 Jazz Messengers 441 Into the Woods 333 jazz-rock 370, 458; see also fusion Ipana Troubadours 326–327 Jazz Singer, The 46, 332 Ireland, immigration from and inﬂuence on Je◊erson, Thomas 64 American folk tradition 136–139, 141, Je◊erson Airplane 363, 367 142, 144, 239–240, 299, 300 Jennings, Terry 530 Irish Have a Great Day To-Night, The 323 Jennings, Waylon 369–370, 376 Irish Melodies 138–139, 179, 180 Jett, Joan 375 Iron Maiden 377 Jewish Americans/Jewish music 45–46, 306, Irwin, May 328, 391–392 324, 334 Isley Brothers, the 367 jigs 142–143 It Don’t Mean a Thing if It Ain’t Got That Swing Jim Crow 166, 167 430 Jim Pepper’s Powwow 25 It Wasn’t God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels Joel, Billy 368, 376 356 Jo◊rey Ballet 26 It’s Got To Be Love 329–330 John, Elton 368

Index 623

John Canoe 123 Kenton, Stan 425, 435, 437–438, 439–440 Johnny B. Goode 354–355 Kentucky Harmony 153 Johnny Johnson 339 Kentucky Minstrels 168 Johnson, Charles L. 396 Kerker, Gustave A. 164, 322 Johnson, Frank 133, 134, 161, 195 Kern, Jerome 318, 319, 321–322, 324–326, Johnson, J. J. 443 327–328, 332 Johnson, J. Rosamond 132, 328, 391, 393 Kernis, Aaron Jay 564–565 Johnson, James P. 398, 399, 406, 407, 421 Kersands, William 132 Johnson, James Weldon 132, 391, 393 Keys, M. 95 Johnson, Lew 131 Kilpatrick, Jack 26 Johnson, Pete 348 Kind of Blue 444, 447, 450 Johnson, Robert 286, 370 King, Carole 359, 362, 368 Johnson, Robert Underwood 246 King, E. B. 154 Johnson, Tom 530 King, Wallace 132 Johnston, Thomas 91 King and I, The 338 Jolson, Al 46, 332 King Crimson 459 Jones, Elvin 447, 454 King Porter Stomp 410, 423 Jones, George 357, 376 Kingdom Coming 183 Jones, “Papa” Jo 426, 431 Kingston Trio 365 Jones, “Philly” Joe 440, 443 Kinks, the 362, 364 Jones, Quincy 336, 363, 375 Kirby, John 423 Joplin, Janis 367 Kirchner, Leon 496, 498, 513 Joplin, Scott 389, 395, 396–401, 402, 403, Kirk, Andy 428 406 Kirk, Rahsaan Roland 445 Jordan, Louis 350, 351, 353, 354, 440–441 Kiss 371, 386 Joshua Tree, The 376 Kiss Me, Kate 339, 340 Jossefy, Rafael 221 Kiss of the Spider Woman 341 Joyce, James 498–499, 562 Kit, the Arkansas Traveler 144 Juba, Master 130–131 Kittredge, Walter 182 Jubilee Singers 130 Klacktoveedsedsteene 433 Judas Priest 370 Klagetoh Maiden Singers 24 Judy’s Turn to Cry 360–361 Kleban, Edward 341 jug bands 286 klezmer 306 Juhan, James 53, 67 Knapp, William 90, 92 jukeboxes 429 Knepper, Jimmy 445 Jullien, Louis Antoine 203, 211, 232–233 Kofsky, Frank 456 jump blues 348, 350, 351, 354 Kojak theme 336 Jungle Book, The 333 Ko-Ko 431, 433 jungle style 417 Konitz, Lee 437, 438, 439, 440 Just Before the Battle Mother 182 Korngold, Erich 336 Koussevitzky, Serge 493, 507, 536, 566 Kahn, Gus 330 Krebs, Marie 221 kalinda 118, 121 Krell, W. H. 389 Kander, John 341 Krenek, Ernst 537 Kansas City 329 Kresa, Helmy 312 Katy-Did 328 Kreutzer, Rodolphe 203 KC and the Sunshine Band 371 Kristo◊erson, Kris 361 Keep Young and Beautiful 333–334, 335 Kronos Quartet 26, 261, 555 Kelley, Edgar Stillman 252 Krosnick, Joel 512 Kellogg, Clara Louise 41, 208 Krupa, Gene 328, 424 Kelly, Gene 317, 335 Kurath, Gertrude 28 Kelsey, Mrs. Charles B. 229 Kyes, M. 95 Kendall, Edward 195 Kyle, Billy 434

624 Index

La Flesche, Francis 27 Leveridge, Richard 69 Lady in the Dark 339 Lew Leslie’s International Revue 330 Lady Is a Tramp, The 318 Lewis, George 467 Laine, Frankie 267 Lewis, Jerry Lee 347, 354, 356, 359 Laird, Rick 461 Lewis, John 442, 445, 451, 452 Lake, Oliver 466 Lewis, Meade “Lux” 348 Lamb, Joseph 395, 396, 397, 398, 400, Liberty Song 69 401–402 Liederkränze see Männerchöre Lambert, Charles-Lucien 134 Lieurance, Thurlow 28 Lambert, Lucien-Leon-Guillaume 134 Lifetime 461 Lambert, Sydney 134 Ligeti, György 460 Lampe, John Frederick 69 Liggins, Joe 346 Landau, Jon 365 light music 337 Lane, William Henry 130–131 Like a Prayer 375 Lang, Margaret Ruthven 242 Like a Rolling Stone 367 Lang, Paul Henry 511 Lind, Jenny 41, 201, 203–204, 218, 221, Langford, John 69 260–261 Langford, Laura 230, 231 lining out 85, 86, 88 language(s) 41, 222, 224, 281, 283 Liszt, Franz 201, 243 Lanin, Sam 415 literacy, musical 35–36; jazz and 406, 408, Lansky, Paul 512 412; recordings and 258–259 Larkin, Edmund 57 Little, William 153 LaRocca, Nick 406 Little Johnny Jones 323 Larsen, Libby 563 Little Old Log Cabin in the Lane, The 173, 174 Larson, Jonathan 343 Little Red Corvette 375 Latin music and jazz 434–435, 441 Little Richard 267, 347, 351, 358, 359 Lauper, Cyndi 375 Living for the City 370 Laval, F. X. de 57 Living Colour 379 Lavalle, Calixa 250 Livingston, Jay 330 Law, Andrew 81, 93–94, 153 Llorca, Vicente 58 Leadbelly 288 Lloyd Webber, Andrew 343 Leadbetter, James 54, 64 Locke, Charles 221 Leary, Timothy 367 Loder, George 193–194 Leave It to Jane 325 Loe◊ler, Charles Martin 236 Leavitt, Joshua 156 Loesser, Frank 334, 339, 342 ’Lection Day 119 Loewe, Frederick 340 Led Zeppelin 365, 366, 370, 371, 565 Logan, Giuseppi 455 Lee, Brenda 359 Lomax, Alan 288 Lee, W. H. 131 Lomax, John 33, 288 Lehár, Franz 164, 320 Lonesome Cowboy, The 329 Leiber, Jerry 352 Loomis, Harvey Worthington 252 Leibowitz, René 513 Lopez, Vincent 415 Leigh, Carolyn 340 Lord, Jon 364 Leigh, Mitch 341 Los Angeles 228, 350, 352 Lenalie, A. 231 Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra 485 Lennon, John 362, 374 Louis, Jean 57 Leonard, Charles 64 Love, Charles 54 Lerdahl, Fred 554–555 Love Life 340 Lerner, Alan Jay 340 Love Me Tender 346 Lester Leaps In 427 Love Me Tonight 332 Let ’Em Eat Cake 331 Lovely Nancy 68 Let’s Do It 330 Lubitsch, Ernst 332 Let’s Go Crazy 375 Lucas, Sam 131, 132

Index 625

Lucier, Alvin 273 March of the Toys 323–324 Luening, Otto 534 Marching through Georgia 183 Lunceford, Jimmie 424, 425, 441 Marcus, Greil 365 Lutz, William Meyer 321 Maretzek, Max 202, 208, 219 Luxembourg, R. de 57 mariachi 349 Lynn, Loretta 361, 369 Mariano, Charlie 440 Lyon, James 64, 67, 70, 91–93 Mario, Giovanni Mateo 203 marketing 204, 262, 263, 265–266, 268 McAllester, David 28 Markoe, Peter 72 Macarthy, Harry 181 Marley, Bob 370 McBride, Martina 383–384 Marsalis, Wynton 468, 469–470 McCartney, Paul 362 Marsh, Dave 365 McCurry, John Gordon 154 Marsh, Warne 437, 438 MacDonald, Jeanette 332 Marshall, Eddie 459 MacDowell, Edward 28, 215, 236, 239, Marshall, Harriet Gibbs 232 242–244, 251, 252–253, 500 Marshall Tucker Band 369 McEntire, Reba 376 Marta, Bernardo de 59 McGuire, Barry 367 Martens, J. 57 Macho Man 372 Martin, George 364 McHugh, Jimmy 330 Martin, Hugh 309 McKinney’s Cotton Pickers 418 Martini il Tedesco, Johann 67 McLaren, Malcolm 373 Martino, Donald 514 McLaughlin, John 459, 461 Marvin Trilogy 343 McLure, Ron 459 Marx Brothers 38, 336 McPartland, Jimmy 422 Marx, Josef 513 McPhee, Colin 28, 260, 493, 519, 522 Mary Poppins 333 Madonna 374, 375 mask 165, 174 Magic Melody, The 328 Mason, Daniel Gregory 236, 253–254, 493 Maguire, John 223 Mason, Lowell 36, 37, 38, 43, 44, 154, Maguire, Tom 204, 219, 223 197–198, 208 Mahavishnu Orchestra 461 Mason, William 42, 208, 210, 221 Mahlig, Anna 221 Mass, Louis 221 Make-Believe 327 Massa’s in de Cold Ground 172 Makin’ Whoopee 330 Matthews, Artie 397, 400, 402 Maliban, Maria 194 Maxim, Abraham 99 Maltby, Richard 343, 344 May Irwin’s Bully Song 391–392 Mame 340 Maybellene 354 Mammas Don’t Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be meaning of music, for Choctaw 16, 17 Cowboys 370 Meet the Flintstones 337 Man of La Mancha 341 Meet Me in St. Louis 309 Man Who Knew Too Much, The 330 Meignen, Leopold 194 management 204 Memphis Blues 405 Manfred Mann 362 Memphis soul 360 Manilow, Barry 368 Mendelssohn, Felix 201, 203, 206, 211, 222, Manne, Shelly 440 235 Männerchöre 37, 146–148, 183 Mendelssohn Quintette Club (Boston) 205 Manteca 435 Menken, Alan 333 Maple Leaf Rag 389, 398–400, 401, 409 Mennin, Peter 489–490, 562 Marable, Fate 412 Menotti, Gian Carlo 488 Marcels, the 357 Mercadante, Saverio 202 march 145 Mercer, Johnny 322, 332 March of the Falsettos 343 Merman, Ethel 328 March of Time, The 344 Merriam, Alan 28

626 Index

Merrily We Roll Along 340 Mooney, James 28 Metallica 378, 381 Moonglows, the 357 Methany, Pat 462 Moore, Don 455 Mexican inﬂuence on American folk Moore, Douglas 493 tradition 149–150 Moore, Milton see Foster, Stephen Mexican Americans 281, 283 Moore, Scotty 356 Michael, George 376, 381 Moore, Thomas 136, 138–139, 179, 180, Michigan Women’s Music Festival 294 240 Miles Ahead 443 Moorehead, John 144 Milestones 450 Moravians 83, 119, 145 Miley, Bubber 417 Morgan, Justin 95 Milhaud, Darius 438, 473, 477 Morgan, Lee 441 military bands 66, 67–68, 160, 161–162 Morgan, William Sampson 53, 64 Military Glory of Great Britain, The 70 Morley, Thomas 153 Miller, Glenn 328, 424 Morris, Robert 514 Mills Brothers 352 Morris, Thomas 412 Mills, Florence 329, 417 Morton, Ferdinand “Jelly Roll” 385, 398, Mills, Irving 425 399, 408, 409–412, 413, 423, 427, 434 Mills, Kerry 391, 392–393 Morton, Thomas 144 Milwaukee 205 Moses, Bob 459 Mingus, Charles 268, 270–271, 442, Moses, J. C. 455 444–445, 450 Most Happy Fella, The 342 minimalism 42, 273, 529–530, 555–559 Moten, Bennie 419–420, 425, 426 Minstrel’s Return’d from the War, The 179 Mothers of Invention, the 367 minstrelsy 39, 130–132, 165–175; African Mötley Crüe 377–378 Americans and 48; dance types and 143; Mötörhead 377 Irish music and 138 Motown 360 Mirabal, Robert 26 Motzan, Otto 318 Miracles, the 360 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 163, 197, 198, Misérables, Les 343 201, 203, 206, 207, 215–216, 233 Miss Lucy Long 169 MTV 348, 374, 375, 378 Miss Saigon 343 Muddy Waters 350, 441 Mrs. Baker’s Hornpipe 68 Mullican, Moon 421 Mississippi Rag 389 Mulligan, Gerry 429, 437, 439, 440 Missouri Harmony 154 Mundy, Jimmy 424 Mister Snow 339 Murray, David 465–466 Mitchell, Joni 361–362 Murray, Sunny 454 Mitchell, Roscoe 457, 459 music: attitudes to 212, 214–215; Mob Song, The 333 institutions supporting 216–217; Moby Grape 363 meaning/signifying 16, 17, 413; and modalism 444, 459, 543 preservation of the past 303–304, 306 Modern Jazz Quartet 442, 445 Music in the Air 332 modulor 310–311, 321, 325, 329, 343–344 music clubs/societies 37, 146–148, 183, 189, Moller, John Christopher 54 192–193, 227–231 Monk, Meredith 530, 533 Music Man, The 323 Monk, Thelonious 428, 433–434, 447, 450 music shops 54, 62–63, 67 Monod, Jacque-Louis 513 music videos 374–375, 384 Monroe, Bill 355, 357 Musica Elettronica Viva 530 “monster” concerts 42, 203, 232–235 musical comedy 164, 325–327 Monterey 149, 150 musicals/musical theatre 175, 313, Monterey Pop Festival 364 328–329, 337–340 Moody, Dwight L. 155, 156 Musso, Vido 440 Moody Blues, the 364 My Days Have Been So Wondrous Free 65

Index 627

My Fair Lady 321, 340 Newton-John, Olivia 368 My Funny Valentine 329–330 Niblock, Phill 530 My Old Kentucky Home, Good Night 172–173 Nichols, George 130 My Ship 339 Nichols, Red 328 myths 16–17, 30–33, 261, 262, 274, Niehaus, Lennie 440 285–286 Night and Day 330 Night in Tunisia, A 432, 435 Nakai, Carlos 26 Nilsson, Christine 218 Nancarrow, Conlon 273, 523, 530 9 to 5 376 Nanton, Joe “Tricky Sam” 431 Nine Inch Nails 383 Nashville, and Nashville sound 357, 361 Nirvana 382–383 Nashville Skyline 346 Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, the 369 National Conservatory of Music 232 No, No, Nanette 326–327 National Federation of Musical Clubs 228, Noble, Ray 433 229 Nobody Home 318, 325 National Symphony Orchestra 26 Nock, Mike 459 nationalism 249, 250–253, 259 Noone, Jimmie 422 Native American Church 20, 21 Norway, immigration from and inﬂuence on Native American music see American Indian American music 149 music notation: of American Indian music 4, 18, Naughty Marietta 323 27; of dances 50, 74, 76; recordings and Nelson, Willie 361, 369–370, 376 268; Shaker 46; shorthand for neoclassical jazz 469–470 accompaniment patterns 314; see also Nessa, Chuck 457 shape-note tradition Nettl, Bruno 28 Nettleton, Asahel 156 Oak Ridge Boys 376 New Edition 376 Occom, Samson 80 New England 34–35, 51–53, 84–98, 149 Ochs, Phil 361 New England Conservatory 239 Octoroon, The 175 New Moon (ﬁlm) 333 Of Thee I Sing 331 New Moon, The (operetta) 332 O◊ the Wall 375 New Music Society 520, 521 O◊enbach, Jacques 164, 320 New Orleans 57–58, 150–151, 407–408, Ogle, Cuthbert 63–64 409; opera in 162, 163, 194; population Oh, Boy! 325 192, 199 Oh, Kay! 326 New Orleans style 409 Oh, Lady! Lady!! 325 New York 53–54, 63, 72, 133; 52nd Street Oh! Lemuel 171 429, 432, 435, 437; Italian Opera Oh! Susanna 171 Association 217; Metropolitan Opera Ohio 368 Company 223–224, 226; “monster” Oklahoma! 320, 329, 338, 342 concerts in 233–234; National Ol’ Joe Clark 446 Conservatory of Music 232; population Ol’ Man River 327 192, 199; Seidl Society 230; Women’s Old Folks at Home 171–172 Philharmonic Society 227 Old Granite State, The 177 New York Academy of Music 223, 250 Old Home Ain’t What It Used To Be, The New-York American-Music Association 210 173–174 New York Choral Society 197 Oliver, Joseph “King” 409, 411–412, 413, New York Contemporary Five 455 416, 423 New York Philharmonic Society/Orchestra Oliver, Sy 425 38, 194, 205–207, 210, 212, 216, 225, Oliveros, Pauline 273, 528, 533 231 On the Sunny Side of the Street 330 Newman, Alfred 335 On the Town 341, 342, 343 Newton, John 127 On the Twentieth Century 341

628 Index

On the Waterfront 343 Pajama Game, The 341 On Your Toes 330 Pal Joey 330 ONCE 530, 533 Paleface, The 330 Once Upon a Mattress 341 Palma, John 54 One Hour With You 332 Pan American Association of Composers O’Neill, Francis 142, 144, 299, 300 506, 520, 521 O’odham ﬁddlers 24 pantribalism 19, 20–24 opera 39, 58, 70–72, 162–164, 194–195, Papa’s Got a Brand New Bag 360, 367 202, 223–224, 485, 487, 488; Cantonese parades 298–299, 305, 307–308 152; “folk” 475; Fry and 211; language of Paranoid 370 41, 222, 224; modernist 488–489; Paris 330 musicals and 487; and popular theatre Parker, Charlie 271, 432–433, 443 204; recording and 254; and theatre 223, Parker, Horatio 236–237, 244, 500 224–225; touring 222 parlor piano 184–185, 396 operetta 164, 322, 332–333 Parodi, Teresa 203 OPOP notation 314 Partch, Harry 28–29, 42, 273, 526, 527 Orange Blossoms, the 418 Parton, Dolly 369, 376, 386 orchestral jazz bands 348–349 Passion 340 orchestras 38, 56–57, 72, 225–226; Chinese Pastor, Tony 175 152; dates of foundation 225, 226; music patronage 38–39, 41 clubs and 227, 228 Paulus, Stephen 563 orchestration 312, 328, 331, 335 Paxton, Tom 361 organization 216–217, 225–232 payola 358–359 organs 57, 59, 60, 97 Peanut Vendor, The 319 Original Dixieland Jazz Band 270, 405–406, Pearl Jam 383 407 Pelham, Peter 52 Original Jelly Roll Blues 410 Pelissier, Victor 72, 187 Orioles, the 352 Pell, Richard 130–131 Ornstein, Leo 254, 519 Penderecki, Krysztof 460 Ortega, Paul 25 Pent-Up House 444 Ory, Kid 411 Pepper, Art 440 Osbourne, Ozzy 370 Pepper, Jim 25 Ostinelli, Louis 188, 193, 208 performers 38, 66, 126, 130, 133, Oswald, James 68, 69 187–189, 194–195, 216–217; and Otis, Johnny 350 identity of music 265, 392; and success Over the Rainbow 331, 335 of songs 317; virtuosos 194, 200–201, Over There 323 202–204, 218, 221–222; see also Owens, Buck 361 orchestras Oxley, Tony 459 performing organizations 189, 192–193; see also music clubs/societies PAAC (Pan American Association of periodicals 207 Composers) 506, 520, 521 Perkins, Carl 354, 356 Pachelbel, Charles Theodore 53, 56 Perle, George 506, 512, 537 Pachmann, Vladimir de 221 Persichetti, Vincent 489–490, 537, 562 Paciﬁc Overtures 331 Peter, Johann Friedrich 83 Paderewski, Ignace 221 Peter, Paul and Mary 365 Padilla, Juan de 59 peyote music 21 Page, Jimmy 365–366 Pfeil, Philip see Phile, Philip Page, Oran “Hot Lips” 419 Philadelphia 38, 53, 54–55, 63, 66–67, 70, Page, Patti 267 72, 133, 148, 225; Curtis Institute 232; Page, Walter 419, 420, 426 Musical Fund Society 194, 216; Paine, John Knowles 233, 236, population 192, 199 237–238 Philadelphia Story, The 336 Paint Your Wagon 340 Phile, Philip 67, 70, 72

Index 629

Philipps, Thomas 194 Powell, Bud 428, 434 Philips, Sam 355 Powell, Mel 424 piano(s) and piano music 63, 215, 434; powwows 6, 19, 20, 21–24 boogie-woogie 348; gender issues and Pozo, Chano 435 427; in home music 179–180, 184–185; Preacher and the Slave, The 46 jazz styles 421–422; and ragtime 391, Prelleur, Peter 62 396–397; in rock and roll 347; stride Presley, Elvis 267, 346, 354, 355–356, 358, 406–407, 420, 421 359, 374 Picayune Butler Is Going Away 130 press, freedom of 76 Pickett, Wilson 360 Pretty Cupid 68 Pickin’ the Cabbage 432 Previn, André 449 Pierce, Webb 356 Prévost, Eugène-Prosper 194 Pike, Thomas 57 Price, Leontyne 486, 487 Pilsbury, Amos 99 Price, Ray 357 Pink Floyd 364 Pride, Charley 369 Pinkster celebrations 119, 121, 129 prima donnas 133 “pioneer” and “citizen”, myth of 30–33, Prince (The Artist formerly known as) 370, 261, 262, 274 374, 375, 381 Pipe Dream 338 Prince of Orange’s March, The 58 Piston, Walter 481, 483–485, 490, 491–492, privacy 158, 159, 178–179 496, 537 Procul Harum 367 Place Congo 121, 123–124, 129 programme music 196, 206 Plains ﬂute 19, 26 progressive jazz 438 Plant, Robert 365–366, 370 progressive rock 347–348, 364–365 Platters, the 352, 357 Promises, Promises 343 player-piano 523 Pro-Musica Society 519 Playford, John 34, 35, 62, 73, 145, 153 Propert, David 52–53, 54, 63 Pleyel, Ignaz 65 protest(s) 341, 349–350, 361, 368, 424, Plowman, T. L. 127 428–429 Poison 378 Providence Psallonian Society 197 Polish music 299, 300 psalmody 78, 80, 82–83, 84, 94–95 politics 257, 276; of choirs in churches psalms in meter 82–83, 87–88 87–90; folk music and 276–277, 288, public houses, music in 68–69 293–294, 305; music and 37, 46, 49; publicity see marketing musical theatre and 338, 341, 342, 343; publishing/publication(s) 37, 50, 67, 90–95; musicians and 341, 349–350, 424, and arrangement 312; educational 36; 428–429; popular performances and 176, and folk tradition 139–140; of hymn 178; of repertory 212; rock and roll and tunes 35; of popular songs 183–184; 347, 367, 368, 377, 384, 385 recording and 345 polka 144–145, 282–283, 291–292, 297 punk 347–348, 373 Ponty, Jean-Luc 462 Purim, Flora 462 pop 348; see also rock and roll Puritans 34–35, 52, 55, 84, 85 popular music 261–265, 266–267, 268, Purple Rain 375 291–293; and folk music 291 popular song 309–332; and ragtime quadrille 144 391–395 Quakers 54, 55 popularity and quality 315–316 Que Será, Será 330 population 191–192, 199 Quiñones, Cristóbal de 59 Porter, Cole 317, 326, 329, 330, 339 Porter, Quincy 493 race issues 46–47, 345, 357–358, 359, 385, Portland, Rossini Club 228 389, 485; free jazz and 455–456, 458; and postethnicity 283–284, 285, 306–307 genre 345, 347, 355–356; jazz and 416; Postlewaite, Joseph William 134 rock and roll and 348, 355, 358, 365, 367, Pound, Ezra 519 372

630 Index

“race” labels/markets 345, 352, 414 Rent 343 Rachmaninov, Serge 473, 490 repertory 38–39, 40, 68, 205–207, 209–210, radicalism 531–534 500; campaigning over 212; concert 201; radio 341, 349–350, 424, 428–429 of hymns in churches 86, 91; pianists’ Raeburn, Boyd 432 222; “pops” 264; recording and 269; of Ra◊, Joachim 222, 238, 243 singing societies 197; of travelling ragtime 388–403; dance forms and 145; jazz virtuosos 203 and 398, 406–407, 409; origins 48; Repository of Sacred Music 153 performance of, relationship to printed Repository of Sacred Music, Part Second 153, music 399, 400, 402, 406 154 Rahn, John 510 research see scholarship Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head 343 Respect 360, 367 Rainer Family 177 Return to Forever 461 Raitt, Bonnie 369 Revere, Paul 93 Raksin, David 336 revivalism 127–129, 152–154, 156, Ramblin’ 445–446 257–258, 290–291; see also Great Ramones, the 373 Awakenings Randall, James K. 511, 514 Reynolds, Herbert 325 Raney, Wayne 352 Reynolds, Roger 534 rap 25, 48, 268, 296, 348, 379–380, Rheinberger, Josef 239 384–385 rhythm and blues 347, 348, 351, 352, 353, Ratt 377–378 354, 440–441; see also rock and roll Ravel, Maurice 474 Rice, E. E. 164 Ravenscroft, Thomas 35 Rice, Thomas Dartmouth 130, 165–166, raves 386 167 Ray, Johnnie 267, 352 Richie, Lionel 376 Read, Daniel 93, 94, 95, 187, 198 Richmond, Dannie 445 recording(s) 39–40, 48, 252, 254, 262, 268, Riegger, Wallingford 42, 506, 521 292, 350; ban 341, 349–350, 424, Right This Way 330 428–429; and education 258–259; and Riley, Terry 260, 529, 530, 555 live music 364, 370; and publishing riot grrrls 382 345 Ritter, Frédéric Louis 251 Redbone 25 Rivé-King, Julie 221, 222 Redding, Otis 360, 367 Rivington, James 54, 63 Reddy, Helen 369 Roach, Max 440, 453 Redman, Don 270, 411, 416, 418, 420, 423 Roads, Curtis 534 Reed, Lou 373 Robbins, Jerome 342 reels 142, 143 Roberts, Helen 28 Reeves, Jim 357 Robeson, Paul 329 reform hymnists 154 Robicheaux, John 408 reform, music and 37, 41, 46 Robin, Leo 332 reggae 25, 370 Robinson, J. Russel 398, 399, 407 Reich, Steve 273, 517, 529, 530, 533, Robinson, Smokey 360 555–556, 557 Robyn, William 194 Rei◊, Anthony 205 Rochberg, George 260, 546–547, 550, 555, Reinagle, Alexander 67, 72, 73, 187 561 Reinecke, Carl 239 rock/rock and roll 271, 345–348, 351–387, Relaxin’ at Camarillo 433 447; American Indians and 25; jazz and Relly, James 99 458; origins 345–346, 348–351, R.E.M. 382 352–354; see also more speciﬁc genres Remember My Forgotten Man 334 Rock and Roll Music 354–355 Reményi, Eduard 203 Rock Around the Clock 352–353 Reminiscing in Tempo 430 rock musicals 342, 343

Index 631

Rock, Rock, Rock 357 Sacred Harp, The 154 rockabilly 347–348, 354, 356; see also rock sacred music 78–102, 197–198; as “art” and roll 97–98 Rocket 88 351, 353 Sacred Songs and Solos 155 Rodgers, Jimmie 349, 351 St. Cecilia’s Day concerts 56 Rodgers, Mary 341 St. Louis 194 Rodgers, Richard 318, 320, 321, 329–330, St. Paul, Schubert Club 228 332, 335, 336, 337–339 Sainte-Marie, Bu◊y 25 Rogers, Shorty 440 Saliment, George Edward 54 Rogue’s March 68 Salinger, Conrad 309, 321 Roldán, Amadeo 521 Sally 325 Roll Over, Beethoven 354–355 salsa 371 Rolling Stones, the 362, 363, 374, 386 Salter, John 56 Rollins, Sonny 429, 444, 450, 467 Salvi, Lorenzo 203 Roman Scandals 333–334, 335 Sam Hague’s Slave Troupe of Georgia romance 150 Minstrels 131 Romania 299–300 sampling 48, 268 Romanticism 196, 197, 198–199, 206, 209, San Francisco 152, 204, 222–223 243, 254, 486 Sankey, Ira D. 155, 156, 291, 299 Romberg, Sigmund 164, 332 Santana, Carlos 369 Ronnettes, the 360 Satie, Erik 489 Root, George F. 181, 182 Saturday Night Fever 372 Rorem, Ned 538–539, 541–542 Saucier, F. 57 Rosamunde 293 Sauter, Eddie 424 Roscoe Mitchell Art Ensemble 457 Sauvagin, Hubert 57 Rose, Fred 356 Savoy Blues 412 Rose-Marie 332 Saxonia Band 201 Roslin Castle 68 saxophone 327, 328, 350, 351, 426–427, Rosolino, Frank 440 431, 432–433, 446 Ross, Diana 360 Say It Loud – I’m Black and I’m Proud 367 Ross, Jerry 341 Scandinavia, immigration from and Ross, John 64 inﬂuence on American music 149 Rossini, Gioachino 163, 201, 202, scat 413 233 Schenker, Heinrich, and Schenkerian Rósza, Miklós 336 analysis 315, 499 Roth, Philip 64 Schmidt, Harvey 341 Rouse, Christopher 565–566 Schmitz, E. Robert 519 Roxy Music 371 Schoenberg, Arnold 253, 473, 498, Rubinstein, Anton 221, 222, 234 499–500, 501–508, 513, 519, 523 Rudhyar, Dane 521 Schoenberg, Loren 463 Ruggles, Carl 42, 519, 520, 521 scholarship 27, 28, 29, 259 Rugolo, Pete 438 schottisch 145 Rumours 369 Schubert, Franz 208, 222 Runaways, the 369 Schuller, Gunther 260, 442–443, 445, 449, Ruritanian operetta 332 450, 451, 452 Rush 364 Schuman, William 483–485, 489–490, 537 Rushing, Jimmy 419 Schumann, Robert 208, 222, 238 Russell, George 435, 442, 450 Schwantner, Joseph 553, 555 Russell, Henry 136, 176–177, 178, 180, 195, Schwartz, Arthur 335 211, 214, 265 Schwartz, Stephen 342 Russell, William 521 Schwei, Barbara 25 Russo, Bill 438 Scotland, immigration from, and Scottish Rzewski, Frederic 530, 553–554, 555 music 137, 139, 141, 145, 203, 243

632 Index

Scott, James 395, 396, 397, 398, 400–401, Show Boat 317, 321, 327–328 402 Shu◊le Along 328–329 Scott, Stephen 532 Sibelius, Jean 490 Second New England School 41–42, signature tunes 336–337 236–242, 245; see also individual composers Silver, Horace 441, 443 secondary ragtime 396 Silver Threads among the Gold 183 Secret Love 330 Simon, Paul 362, 368, 376 Sedaka, Neil 359 Sinatra, Frank 347, 429 Sedalia 395, 398 singers 133 Seeger, Charles 154–155, 261, 519–520, Singin’ in the Rain (ﬁlm) 317 521, 527–528 Singin’ in the Rain (song) 317 Seeger, Mike 288 singing (choral) festivals 147–149 Seeger, Pete 288, 365 Singing Master’s Assistant, The (Billings) 93 Seeger, Ruth Crawford see Crawford, Ruth singing schools see under education Seguin, Anne 194, 202 singing societies 197 Seguin, Edward 194, 202 singing styles in churches 85–86, 87–90, Seguin Opera Company 202 149, 198 Seidl, Anton 230 sings, Choctaw 13, 14, 16 Selby, William 52–53, 64 Siouxsie and the Banshees 373 Select Harmony 93–94 Sissle, Noble 329 Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band 364 Sitting Pretty 327 serialism 472, 505–506, 509–511, 512–513, Sivori, Camillo 200 515, 537, 546 Sketches of Spain 443–444 Sessions, Roger 40, 493, 499, 508, 511, 514, Skynyrd, Lynyrd 369 560 slavery 47, 48, 112–114, 115–117, 118–119, Sex Pistols, the 373 120, 121–122, 123–127, 128–129; Shadow Waltz 333 minstrelsy and 171, 172, 173 Shake, Rattle, and Roll 351 Slick, Grace 363 Shakers 46 Slonimsky, Nicolas 521 shamanism 7, 10, 14 Sly and the Family Stone 367, 371 Shangri-Las, the 360 Smit, Leo 496 Shankar, Ravi 363 Smith, Bessie 414, 428, 429 shape-note tradition 44–45, 153–155, 156 Smith, Buster “Prof ” 419, 432 Shapey, Ralph 513 Smith, Clara 414, 428 Sharp, Cecil 145 Smith, Elihu Hubbard 72 Shaw, Artie 429 Smith, Ella May 229 She Loves Me 341 Smith, Harry B. 318 Sheldon, Mrs. George 231 Smith, Joshua 99–101 Shenandoah, Joanne 25 Smith, Mamie 413–414, 428 Shepp, Archie 455, 456 Smith, Patti 373 Sherman, Richard M. 333 Smith, Trixie 414, 428 Sherman, Robert B. 333 Smith, William 153 Sherwood, William H. 221 Smith, Willie 425 Sheybli, John 63 Smith, Willie “the Lion” 406–407 Shield, William 34 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs 332–333 Shifrin, Seymour 514 Snyder, Ted 394, 395 Shire, David 343, 344 Socarras, Alberto 434 Shire◊, Jane 194 Social Dance music, Choctaw 13–16, 18, 19, Shirelles, the 360 27 Shoeshine Boy 427 Social Harp 154 Shoo-Fly Regiment, The 328 Soft Machine 459 Shorter, Wayne 461, 467 Sokolo◊, Nikolai 231 shout 129 S.O.L. Blues 412

Index 633

Soliloquy 338 Stewart, Rex 431, 432 Sollberger, Harvey 512, 513 Steyermarkische (Styrian) Company 201 Somebody Loves Me 328 Still, William Grant 260, 329, 481–485 Someone to Watch Over Me 326 Sting, The (film) 403 Something’s Coming 342 Stockhausen, Karlheinz 461, 526, 528 Sondheim, Stephen 313–314, 317, 331, 333, Stoller, Mike 352 334, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343 Stone, Sly 367, 371 song types 310 Storm, J. P. 95–97 Songster’s Museum 101 Stormy Weather 331 Sontag, Henriette 201, 203 Stout-Hearted Men 333 soul 348, 360, 371; see also rock and roll Stowe, Harriet Beecher 122, 172 Soul Makossa 372 Strait, George 376 Sound of Music, The 338 Strakosch, Maurice 202, 219 Sousa, John Philip 28, 41, 145, 161–162, Strakosch, Max 202, 219 260–261, 317, 322–323, 392, 403 strathspey 142, 145 South Africa 300, 376, 377 Strauss, Johann, the younger 164, 233, 235 South Pacific 336, 338, 339 Stravinsky, Igor 42, 253, 436, 473, 476, 477, Southern Harmony and Musical Companion 154 489, 507, 513, 536; and serialism 515,537 Southern Maiden Singers 24 street life and music 159–162 Southwel New Tune 91 Strickland, Al 421 Spanish-influenced music 150 stride piano 406–407, 420, 421 SPEBSQSA 297 Strike Up the Band 331, 417 Spector, Phil 360, 364 string ensembles 141, 150 Speculum Musicae 530 Strouse, Charles 341 Speed the Plough 143, 144 Stuart, Leslie 323 Spencer, Edward 144 Student Prince, The 332, 333 SPG (Society for the Propagation of the Styne, Jule 320, 340 Gospel in Foreign Parts) 80, 119 Subotnick, Morton 534 Spielberg, Stephen 336 Sugar Foot Stomp 411, 416, 423 Spies, Claudio 511–512, 513, 514 Sullivan, Arthur 164, 331 spirituality 16, 17, 78–79; see also Great Summer, Donna 371 Awakenings and shamanism Sun Ra 444, 450, 457 spirituals 128–130, 476 Sunday in the Park with George 340 Springsteen, Bruce 369, 374, 376 Supremes, the 360 Sta◊ord, Jo 267 Surfin’ Safari 361 Stairway to Heaven 371 Surfin’ USA 361 standards (songs/tunes) 263, 311–312, 331, Surman, John 459 398, 455 Surrey with the Fringe on Top, The 320, 339 standards of admission to music clubs 227 Sutro, Florence 228 Stardust 329 Swan, Timothy 95, 99, 187, 198 Stark, John 395–398, 399, 401, 403 Sweden, immigration from and influence on Statler Brothers 376 American music 149 Steber, Eleanor 486 Sweeney Todd 338 steel guitar 346–347, 356 Sweet Adelines 297 Steely Dan 370 Sweet Charity 341 Ste◊e, William 181 Sweet Genevieve 183 Stein, Gertrude 488–489 Sweet Little Sixteen 361 Steiner, Max 336 Sweet Marie, Make-a-Rag-a-Time Dance Wid Stephenson, Joseph 90 Me 394 stereotypes 166–167, 171 Sweethearts of Navajoland 24 Sternhold, Thomas 82 Swenson, May 564 Stevens, Cat 368 Swift, Kay 341 Stevens, Richard 69 Swift, Richard 514

634 Index

swing 150, 328, 418–420, 421, 424–425, Theme from a Summer Place 359 437 theme tunes 314 Sylvester 371 There’s a Small Hotel 329–330 Symmes, Thomas 86, 87 They Didn’t Believe Me 319, 325 symphonic jazz 415 “third stream” 441–443, 444, 445 symphonies 489–494 Thomas, Isaiah 71, 140 Symphony in Black 430 Thomas, Theodore 41, 205, 208, 219–221, syncopation 390; in Cajun music 151; in 222, 226, 233–235 Foster 171; Gottschalk and 209; in Thomas, Mrs. Theodore 228 nineteenth-century bands 161–162; Thompson, Hank 356 popular song and 317–319; in waltz time Thompson, Randall 493 400 Thomson, Virgil 260, 481, 483–485, syncretism: African Americans and 134; 488–489, 496 American Indian music and 19, 24–25; Thornhill, Claude 436–437 involving African music 121 Three Little Pigs, The 333 synthesizers 534 Thriller 375 Thumbs Up! 331 Tagg, Philip 336 Thurber, Jeanette 222, 232 taiko ensembles 284 Tiger Rag 405, 409 Taking a Chance on Love 331 Till We Meet Again 332 Talking Heads, the 373–374 Timm, Henry Christian 194, 205 Tammany; or The Indian Chief 72 Timmons, Bobby 441 Tans’ur, William 90, 92 Tin Pan Alley 39, 310, 311, 312–315, 341; Tapestry 368 country music and 357; Irish music and Tate, Nahum 87, 88 240; minstrel songs and 132; ragtime and Tatum, Art 421, 426, 431, 434 391, 395–396; rhythm and blues and 352; taverns, music in 68–69 rock and roll and 345, 346, 347, 359; and Taylor, Billy 432 waltzes 145; see also popular song Taylor, “Fiddling Bob” 141 Tindley, Charles Albert 129 Taylor, Cecil 444, 449, 450–451, 453–454 Tiomkin, Dimitri 336 Taylor, James 368 Tizol, Juan 431 Taylor, Rayner 73, 187 Tjader, Cal 438 Tchaikovsky, Peter 244 To Arms 68 Tchicai, John 455 tonality: as issue 472; present position, and Tea for Two 326 history in America 535–538, 566 Teagarden, Jack 328, 428 Tonight’s the Night 318 techno 386 Too Marvellous for Words 332 technology 268, 305–306, 349–350, 374; see Top Cat 337 also recording Toplady 154 television 336–337 Topp, Anna 221 Temptations, the 360 Torke, Michael 558–559 Tenting on the Old Camp Ground 181–182 Toscanini, Arturo 485 Termen, Lev 533 Tour de Force 450 Tex-Mex music 297, 300 Tower, Joan 560 Thai Americans 285 Trammps, the 372 Thalberg, Sigismund 203, 208, 218, 221, Tramp! Tramp Tramp! 181 222 transport 191, 198–199, 218, 331 That Mysterious Rag 394 Travis, Randy 376 That’s All Right 355, 356 Trevathan, Charles 391–392 That’s Entertainment 335 Trip to Chinatown, A 164, 183 theatre 39, 54–55, 56, 70–73, 132–133; Trip to Coontown, A 175 image 223, 224–225; music in 164 (see Tristano, Lennie 438–439, 444 also minstrelsy, musicals, and opera) Trolley Song, The 309–310, 312, 321, 335

Index 635

Troyer, Carlos 252 videos 374–375 Trumbauer, Frank 427, 429, 437 Vieuxtemps, Henri 200, 203, 218 trumpet 411, 412–13, 417, 431 Village Hymns 156 Tubb, Ernest 354, 356 Village People, the 372 Tucker, Henry 182, 183 Vincent, Gene 356 Tuckey, William 53, 67, 92, 93 Vinson, Eddie 444 Tudor, David 524, 526 Viotti, Giovanni Battista 203 Tuesday Club, Annapolis 64, 65, 217 Virginia Minstrels 168, 169 Tufts, John 91 Vitak-Elsnik 292 Tune Up 444 Vitous, Miroslav 459, 462 Turkey in the Straw 169 vocables, in American Indian song 5, 6, 8, 9, Turner, Big Joe 351, 353 10, 14, 17, 21, 23 Turner, Tina 375 vocal games 11–12 Turner, William 52–53 vocal style(s): American Indian 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, Turpin, Tom 389 11, 14–15, 18, 20, 21; in concert Tutti Frutti 267, 351 spirituals 130; in folk music 315; in jazz Twitty, Conway 369, 376 412, 413, 414, 428, 429; in popular Tyler, Royal 71 concert music 178; in popular song 315; Tyner, McCoy 447, 454 in rock 315; in shape-note singing 45; see also congregational singing U2 376 vodou 126 Ulali 25 Volkmar, Fritz 147 Ullmann, Bernard 202, 219 von Tilzer, Harry 322 Uncle Tom’s Cabin (book) 122, 172–173 Uncle Tom’s Cabin (ﬁlm) 132 Wagner, Richard 148, 163, 201, 207, 221, Under the Bamboo Tree 328, 391, 393 224, 230, 234, 252 Unison, Mr. 64 Wales, immigration from and inﬂuence on Universalists 99 American music 148–149 universities 35–36; African Americans and Walk a Little Faster 331 123; composers and 40, 238–239 Walker, George 328 Urban Cowboy 376 Walker, Gregory 532 Urbaniak, Michael 462 Walker, T-Bone 351, 356 Urso, Camilla 201, 203 Walker, William 44, 154 Ussachevsky, Vladimir 534 Walkin’ 443 Wallace, Vincent 202 Vaché, Warren 463 Waller, Thomas “Fats” 331, 406, 420–421, Vagabond King, The 332 429 Valens, Ritchie 359 Walter, Thomas 85, 91 Vallee, Rudy 334 waltz 144–145 Valton, Peter 57, 64 waltz-songs 183, 316 Van der Stucken, Frank 147 Warren, Harry 320, 333–334, 335 Van Hagen, Peter A. 54, 64 Washington, D. C., Conservatory of Music Van Halen, Eddie 371, 375 232 Vanderbilt, William H. 223 Washingtonians, The 416 Varèse, Edgard 42, 253–254, 481–482, 502, Waters, Ethel 414, 429 519, 521, 533, 534 Waters, Muddy 350, 441 vaudeville 175 Watson, Henry Cood 207 Vegas, Pat and Lolly 25 Watts, Isaac 88, 95, 127 Velvet Underground 373, 459 Wa-Wan Press 28, 252 Ventures, the 366 Waxman, Frank 336 Verdi, Giuseppe 163, 202, 223, 233 Weather Report 370, 461–462 Very Good Eddie 325, 328 Weavers, the 267 Victor, H. B. 62, 64 Webb, Roy 336

636 Index

Weber, Carl Maria von 202 Williams, Aaron 67, 92 Weber, Eberhard 462 Williams, Bert 328 Webern, Anton 42, 504, 513, 519 Williams, Cootie 431 Webster, Ben 426, 431 Williams, Hank 351, 356, 357 Weeping Sad and Lonely 182 Williams, Henry F. 134 Weidman, John 331 Williams, John 336 Weill, Kurt 42, 312, 339, 340 Williams, Martin 451 Weinberg, Henry 514 Williams, Mary Lou 428 Weisberg, Arthur 512 Williams, Tony 461 Weiss, Adolph 506, 521 Williamson, Cris 369 Weiss, Julius 398 Williamson, Sonny Boy 365 Welk, Lawrence 292, 302 Willis, Nathaniel Parker 207 Wells, Kitty 356 Wills, Bob 349, 354 We’re in the Money 334 Willson, Meredith 323 Wesley, Charles 127 Wilson, Gerald 425 West Coast jazz 439–440 Wilson, Jack (Wovoka) 20 West Side Story 342–343 Wilson, John 194 Westendorf, Thomas P. 183 Wilson, Robert 533 Westergaard, Peter 511–512, 514 Wilson, Teddy 421–422, 429, 434 “Western swing” 349 Winham, Godfrey 511 Weston, Horace 132 Winner, Septimus 183 What’s Going On? 367, 368 Witmark, M. 183 Wheelock, Eleazar 80 Wizard of Oz, The 331 Wheels of Fire 366 Wodehouse, P. G. 326 When Doves Cry 375 Wol◊, Christian 524–525, 530 Whispering Hope 183 Wolpe, Stefan 513 White, B. F. 44, 154 women: attending concerts 230; as White, Barry 372 composers 242, 341; in jazz 414, White, Charles A. 173–174 427–429, 466; as organizers 227–232; as White, Charley 130 patrons 217; as pianists 184–185; as White, George 334 supporters of music 192 White, Lenny 459 women rockers 348 White, Michael 459 women’s bands 161 White, Zach 425 women’s music 293–294, 369 White Christmas 335 Wonder, Stevie 360, 368, 370 White Cockade 68 Wonderful Town 341 White’s Minstrels 168 Wondrous Love 153 Whiteﬁeld, George 52, 54, 98, 99 Wood, Abraham 93 Whiteman, Paul 270, 414–415, 481 Wood, Joseph 194 Whiting, George 236 Wood, Mary Anne Paton 194 Whiting, Richard 332 Woodchopper’s Ball 436 Whiting, Virginia 208 Woodchoppers 429 Whitney Young Drum Corps 308 Woodstock 359, 365 Whittenberg, Charles 514 Woody ’n You 432, 435 Who, the 362, 364, 366, 367 Words and Music 335 whoop 125 Work, Henry Clay 183 Who’s Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf? 333 work songs 118–119, 124–125, 286, 296 Why Do I Love You? 327 World Saxophone Quartet 466 Why Don’t You Haul O◊ and Love Me 352 Wovoka 25 Widor, Charles-Marie 501 Wrappin’ It Up 423 Wilcox, Edwin 425 Wuorinen, Charles 512–513, 514 Wild Side of Life 356 Wyeth, John 153, 154 Will You Love Me Tomorrow? 360 Wynette, Tammy 361

Index 637

Xit 25 Young, La Monte 260, 529, 530, 533 X-Ray Spex 373 Young, Lester 348, 426–427, 429, 431, 432, 437 Yankee Doodle 68, 70, 344 Young, Neil 368 Yankee Doodle Boy, The 323 Young, Snooky 425 Yankovich, Frankie 283, 292–293, 302 You’re the Cream in My Co◊ee 330 Yardbirds, the 362 Yttrehus, Rolv 514 Yarnold, Benjamin 57, 64 Yuman 79 Yes 364, 459 Yurok 79 Yes, Sir, That’s My Baby 330 Yeston, Maury 315 Zappa, Frank 459, 551 Yiddish music and theatre 46, 324 Zawinul, Josef 461–462 Yiddle on Your Fiddle Play Some Ragtime Zedwitz, Hermann 54 394 Zenger, John Peter 76 Y.M.C.A. 372 Zerrahn, Carl 205 Yoakam, Dwight 376 Ziegfeld, Florenz 334 yodeling 346, 351 Ziegfeld Follies 334 You Don’t Own Me 361 Zip Coon 166, 167, 169 You Gotta Get a Gimmick 316 Zorn, John 532 You Were Never Lovelier 321 Zuehner, Charles 193 You’ll Never Walk Alone 339 Zwilich, Ellen Taafe 560–561, 566 Youmans, Vincent 326–327 ZZ Top 369