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Manual De Instalação Da Distribuição Debian GNU/Linux

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Manual De Instalação Da Distribuição Debian GNU/Linux Manual de Instalação da Distribuição Debian GNU/Linux Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. Manual de Instalação da Distribuição Debian GNU/Linux Copyright © 2004, 2005 Time de instalação da Debian Este documento contém instruções de instalação do sistema Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 para a arquitetura Intel x86 (“i386”). Ele também contém referências para mais e mais informações sobre como obter maior proveito de seu novo sistema Debian. Nota: Enquanto este manual de instalação para i386 está bastante ataulizado, nós planejamos fazer al- gumas mudanças e reorganizar partes do manual após o lançamento oficial da sarge. Uma nova ver- são deste manual de instalação pode ser encontrado na Internet na página oficial do debian-installer (http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/). Você também pode encontrar traduções adicionais a partir deste endereço. Este manual é software livre; você poderá redistribuí-lo e/ou modificá-lo sob os termos da GNU General Public Licence. Por favor, veja a licença em Apêndice E. Índice Instalando o sistema Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 em sistemas i386.....................................................ix 1. Bem vindo ao Debian......................................................................................................................1 1.1. O que é Debian?...................................................................................................................1 1.2. O que é GNU/Linux? ...........................................................................................................2 1.3. O que é o Debian GNU/Linux?............................................................................................3 1.4. Obtendo a Debian.................................................................................................................4 1.5. Obtendo novas versões deste documento.............................................................................4 1.6. Organização deste documento..............................................................................................4 1.7. Sobre direitos reservados e licenças de software .................................................................5 2. Requerimentos de Sistema.............................................................................................................7 2.1. Hardwares Suportados .........................................................................................................7 2.1.1. Arquiteturas Suportadas ..........................................................................................7 2.1.2. CPU, placas mãe e suporte a placas de vídeo..........................................................8 2.1.2.1. CPU.............................................................................................................8 2.1.2.2. Barramento de I/O.......................................................................................8 2.1.3. Placas de vídeo ........................................................................................................9 2.1.4. Notebooks................................................................................................................9 2.1.5. Múltiplos Processadores..........................................................................................9 2.2. Mídias de Instalação.............................................................................................................9 2.2.1. Disquetes .................................................................................................................9 2.2.2. CD-ROM/DVD-ROM ...........................................................................................10 2.2.3. Disco Rígido..........................................................................................................10 2.2.4. Memória Stick USB ..............................................................................................10 2.2.5. Rede.......................................................................................................................10 2.2.6. Sistema GNU ou *ix..............................................................................................11 2.2.7. Sistemas de Armazenamento Suportados..............................................................11 2.3. Suporte a periféricos e outros hardwares ...........................................................................11 2.4. Comprando Hardwares específicos para GNU/Linux........................................................11 2.4.1. Evite Hardwares Proprietários ou Fechados..........................................................12 2.4.2. Hardwares específicos para Windows ...................................................................12 2.4.3. Memória RAM com Paridade “Virtual”................................................................13 2.5. Requerimentos de Memória e Espaço em Disco ...............................................................13 2.6. Placas de rede.....................................................................................................................13 3. Antes de instalar a Debian GNU/Linux......................................................................................14 3.1. Visão do processo de instalação.........................................................................................14 3.2. Faça backup dos seu dados existentes! ..............................................................................15 3.3. Informações que precisa saber ...........................................................................................15 3.3.1. Documentação .......................................................................................................15 3.3.1.1. Manual de Instalação ................................................................................15 3.3.1.2. Documentação do Hardware.....................................................................16 3.3.2. Encontrando Fontes de Informações de Hardware................................................16 3.3.3. Compatibilidade de Hardware...............................................................................17 3.3.4. Configurações de Rede..........................................................................................18 3.4. Atingindo os requerimentos mínimos e hardware .............................................................18 3.5. Pre-Particionamento para sistemas com Multi-Inicialização.............................................19 3.5.1. Particionamento através do DOS ou Windows......................................................21 3.5.1.1. Reparticionamento não Destrutivo a partir do DOS, Win-32 ou OS/2.....21 3.5.1.2. Particionamento para o DOS ....................................................................22 iii 3.6. Pré-Instalação do hardware e configuração do sistema operacional..................................22 3.6.1. Invocando o menu de configuração da BIOS ........................................................22 3.6.2. Seleção do dispositivo de inicialização .................................................................23 3.6.2.1. Mudando a ordem de partida em computadores com barramento IDE ....23 3.6.2.2. Alterando a Ordem de Partida em Computadores SCSI...........................24 3.6.3. Configurações diversas da BIOS ...........................................................................24 3.6.3.1. Configurações do CD-ROM......................................................................24 3.6.3.2. Memória Extendida vs. Expandida...........................................................24 3.6.3.3. Proteção contra Vírus................................................................................24 3.6.3.4. Shadow RAM............................................................................................25 3.6.3.5. Buraco de Memória...................................................................................25 3.6.3.6. Gerenciamento Avançado de Energia .......................................................25 3.6.4. Assuntos relacionados ao hardware que tem em mãos .........................................25 3.6.4.1. A chave turbo............................................................................................26 3.6.4.2. CPUs Cyrix e erros em disquetes..............................................................26 3.6.4.3. Configuração de periféricos no hardware .................................................26 3.6.4.4. Suporte da USB na BIOS e teclados USB................................................26 3.6.4.5. Mais de 64MB de RAM............................................................................26 4. Obtendo a mídia de instalação do sistema..................................................................................28 4.1. Conjunto oficial de CD-ROMs da Debian GNU/Linux.....................................................28 4.2. Baixando arquivos através de espelhos (mirrors) da Debian .............................................28 4.2.1. Aonde achar as imagens de instalação ..................................................................28 4.3. Criando disquetes a partir de imagens de disco .................................................................29 4.3.1. Gravando imagens de disquetes a partir de um sistema Linux ou Unix................29 4.3.2. Gravando imagens de disquetes a partir do DOS, Windows ou OS/2...................29 4.4. Preparando os arquivos para a inicialização usando um memory stick USB ....................30
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