Saket Shishu Ranjan vidisha Std-10 Social Science Ch-10- Contribution of in Freedom Struggle very short-

Q1. Where was Chandrashekhar Azad born? Ans- Chandrashekhar Azad was born in village Bhabhra of Alirajpur district in Madhya Pradesh.

Q2. Name the places of organisations set up in Madhya Pradesh. Ans- The places of organisations set up in Madhya Pradesh were Rewa, Satna, Gwalior, Indore, Ratlam, Khargone etc.

Q3. Which freedom fighter's name( soldier) of the Indian National Army was associated with Shivpuri? Ans- Gurubaksh Singh Dhillon of the Indian National Army was associated with Shivpuri. ​

Short Answer:-

Q1. Name the Newspapers published from Madhya Pradesh to arouse awareness for national awakening. Ans. The newspapers which played an important role national awakening in madhya pradesh are Karmveer, Ankush, Subodh, Sindhu(Khandwa), Nayasudha (Harda), Arya Vaibhav (Burhanpur), Lokmat(), Praja Mandal Patrika(Indore), Saraswati vilas(Jabalpur), Saptahik Awaj and Suhane watan(Bhopal) etc.

Q2. In what way the people of Madhya Pradesh made their contribution in the non-cooperation movement? Ans. The people of madhya pradesh participated in the non-cooperation movement and took part in the activities like movement against consumption of liquor, Tilak swaraj fund, boycott of foreign goods, boycott of government schools and establishment of national institutions, handlooms industry etc.

The advocates abandoned their practice.Districts committees ignored government orders and hoisted the national flag. Apart from the big princely states like Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore there was enthusiasm during the non-cooperation movement even among the small states. On this occasion visited Chhindwara, Jabalpur, Khandwa, Seoni etc. and aroused national awareness among the people.

Q3. What was Jungle Satyagraha? Ans. When in 1930 Gandhi marched to Dandi and led the Namak Satyagraha, at that time the congress workers of Seoni, under the leadership of Durga Shankar Mehta carried out the Jungle Satyagrah. About 9-10 km from Seoni ,a movement to cut grass from the Government Sandalwood gardens was started. It was planned to enter Duria jungle on 9th October 1930. The police and range officers insulted the freedom fighters and the public who had assembled there in support of the freedom fighters. The Deputy Commissioner Seoni ordered police to open fire on them to teach a lesson. On the spot when tribals died, this incidence is a proof of the fact that the freedom movement spread among the tribals. The bodies of these martyrs were not handed over to the families

Q4.How did Jhanda Satyagrah take place? explain. Ans. The national flag of a country is the symbol of sovereignty, self-respect and a sense of pride for the people. During the freedom movement tricolour with spinning wheels in the centre was having the status of national flag. In 1923 an incident took place in which disrespect was shown to the tricolour. This outraged the whole Nation so much that the British administration had to recognise that fact. This incident has gone down in the history of freedom struggle ‘Jhanda Satyagrah’. The Congress party constituted a committee under the leadership of Hakim Ajmal Khan to assess the extent of mental preparedness of the people in favour of the non cooperation movement. The Jabalpur Congress Committee decided to honour Mr Khan and host the tricolour on the building of the Jabalpur municipality. The British government took this act of honouring Mr Khan as an insult of the British rule and ordered the police to not only remove the flag but insult it by crushing it under feet. Consequently the people were extremely annoyed. Against this action(insulting the flag) Pandit Sundarlal, Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, Nathuram Modi, Lakshman Singh Chauhan and some volunteers took out a procession along with the tricolour. The police arrested all the leaders, the members of the second batch of Sunday Satyagraha comprising Prem Chandra, Sitaram Jadhav, and Todarmal hoisted flag on the town hall. The Jhanda movement spread in other parts of including .

Long Answers

Q1. Describe the contribution of freedom fighters of Madhya Pradesh in the freedom struggle of 1857?

Ans. Madhya Pradesh has a place in the freedom struggle of India. The first freedom struggle of 1857 paved the way of national movement in M.P. Many freedom fighters showed their displeasure against the British rule from every part of Madhya Pradesh. The central character of the freedom struggle of 1857 was Rani Laxmi Bai who fought against the british and sacrificed her life. Tatya Tope the great freedom fighter of the first struggle continued guerilla war for two years against the britishers. British imprisoned him and hanged him in Shivpuri.

Veerangana Rani AvantiBai of Mandla district fought bravely against the Britishers . When she saw that she was surrounded and would surely be caught, this brave lady instead of courting arrest , got down from the horse, seized a sword from her bodyguard and pierced it in her chest and laid her life bravely for her motherland. All the freedom fighters of Madhya Pradesh participated bravely in the national movement.

Q2. What impact “Civil Disobedience Movement” and “Quit India Movement had on Madhya Pradesh?

Ans. Civil Disobedience movement:- ​ ​ In April 1930 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi civil disobedience movement started. On 6th April when Mahatma Gandhi broke the salt law in Dandi, the same day the movement was spread in Madhya Pradesh. In Jabalpur there were representations under the leadership of Seth Govind Das and Dwarka Prasad Mishra. On 8th April there were procession in Sehore, Mandla, Katni and Damoh. There was no place left in Madhya Pradesh where people did not participate in Satyagraha. In Madhya Pradesh Jungle rule was broken. In jungle satyagraha the tribal people participate openly and police fire on satyagrahis. The citizens of riyasats also broke laws according to a program specified by Gandhiji. Youth boycotted educational institutions and Government employees left their jobs. With the spread of the movement, the government increased suppression activities. On 14th July 1933 Gandhiji stopped Mass Satyagraha. After that individual Satyagraha continued. Several revolutionaries of Madhya Pradesh continued Satyagraha. In the other places affected by the movement, several people were arrested. There was Lathi charge and efforts to suppress the movement. In 1942 there were creative activities in Madhya Pradesh and different incidents affected the movement.

Quit India Movement:- In August 1942 a new chapter in the freedom struggle of India popularly known as 'Quit India Movement' was added. The All India Congress Committee passed the Quit India Resolution in the meeting held on 8 August 1942 in Mumbai. On 9th August many big leaders including Mahatma Gandhi were arrested. In this situation Main leaders of Madhya Pradesh like Pandit Ravi Shankar Shukla, Dwarka Prasad Mishra returned to Madhya Pradesh to fight against oppressive activities of the British rule in Madhya Pradesh. There was aggression against the British government and people stood against it. School, colleges and factories were closed due to strikes. Government took oppressive measures to suppress this movement but there was no change in the enthusiasm of the people. They pledged to free themselves from the slavery of British. Therefore the movement became more strong. British government tried all measures to suppress the movement. Jails were filled with the revolutionaries and unarmed people were fired. It is true that British government suppressed the Quit India Movement quickly but this movement awakened the people of Madhya Pradesh.

Short Notes:- short notes:-

1. Barkatullah Bhopali:- Many freedom fighters were carrying out the ​ ​ ​ activities of the freedom struggle from outside the country Maulana Mohammed Barkatullah (Bhopal) was one of them. A true patriot and a courageous man he conducted the activities from Japan, America and Kabul. His role in the freedom struggle has been remarkable.

2. Chandrashekhar Azad:- He was born in village Bhabhra of Alirajpur ​ ​ ​ district in Madhya Pradesh. Azad was associated in almost all the Revolutionary activities and associated himself in about hundred incidences of fight against the Britishers. On 27th February 1931 he was sitting in Alfred park. The police rounded him there at 10:00 a.m. in the morning. Firing started from both the sides, when only one Bullet was left in his pistol he shot himself by firing a bullet near the ear.

3. Kunwar Chain Singh:- Prince Chain Singh of Narsinghgarh was insulted ​ ​ ​ by political agent Maddoc of Sehore cantonment. Hence Chain Singh started agitation against the British. In 1824 there was a fierce battle between Cain Singh and the British on a spot which is presently known as Tehsil Chauraha. Chain Singh and a handful of brave soldiers sacrificed their lives while fighting with British soldiers in Shore Dussehra Bagh.

4. Tantya Bhil:- ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ After the freedom struggle of 1857 Tantya Bhil in west Nimad became a symbol of terror for the Britishers. Dupia and Bijanijia , his associates, were also his partners in the revolutionary activities. For years they were living amongst the local people and at the same time conducted revolutionary activities as a result of which they became a big challenge for the britishers. Tantya bhil was arrested under a conspiracy and was hanged in the year 1886. Tantya bhil is a hero even today among bhils.

5. Virangana Avanti Bai :- The Queen of Ramgarh of mandla district also showed extraordinary love for her motherland and fought bravely. Rani Avantibai (wife of Raja Vikramajeet) of Ramgarh was a very able and intelligent lady who wanted to rule the state in her son’s name but at that time the policy of annexation was being strictly implemented. Rani Avanti Bai opposed this, fought with the officer who was appointed by the Britishers there and took the reins of administration in her hands. In april 1858 the Britishers attacked Ramgarh, the Rani assessed her strength and vacated the fort and went into the adjoining forest. When she saw that she was surrounded and will surely be caught, this brave lady instead of courting arrest got down from the horse, seized sword from her bodyguard and pierced it in her chest and laid her life bravely for her motherland.

6.Thakur Ranmat Singh:- Thakur Ranmat Singh of village Manakhari of Satna district also gave a tough fight to the britishers in the struggle of 1857. Thakur was unhappy with the activities of the political agent and decided to fight with the Britishers. He along with his companies organised an army in the Jungle of Chitrakoot and attacked the residency in Nagod. After fighting with the british for a long time he was arrested by the Britishers. One day when he was resting in his friend's house he was caught unaware and was hanged in the year 1859