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TEST 2 MODEL HINTS GS PAPER 1 History & Culture - Unit IV and Unit V ------3 MARKERS 1

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MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 MPPSC 2020 MAINS TEST SERIES MAINS MENTORSHIP PROGRAM (MMP) TEST 2 MODEL HINTS GS PAPER 1 History & Culture - Unit IV and Unit V ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- 3 MARKERS 1. This question consists of very short answer type question. Each question is to be answered in 1 line (10 Words). There is no internal choice. Each question carries 3 marks. (a) Bhimbetka Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh is a striking site of both Paleolithic and Mesolithic painting. Bhimbetka is derived from "bhimbaithka" meaning "the sitting place of Bhima" from Mahabharata. Bhimbetka rock shelters were discovered and revealed to the world by VS Wakankar in 1957. Its a UNESCO World Heritage Site. (b) Avantibai (1831-1858) Model Hints Avanitbai or Avanti bai Lodhi was the wife of Maharaja Vikramaditya Singh, the ruler of the Ramgarh estate, which at present comes under Mandla Distt, Madhya Pradesh. Role in revolt of 1857: She fought against the British in 1857 and scarificed her life . (c) Chandelas Model Hints Chandel Dynasty (9th -13th Century AD) The Chandela or Chandel is a Rajput clan in Central India Nannuk founded the Chandel dynasty in Bundelkhand Bundelkhand was known as Jejakbhukti. MPPSC 2020 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 Their Capitals were at Khajuraho and Mahoba. Initially Chandels were the feudal ( Samant) under Pratiharas. Chandelas also captured fort Kalinjar. Chandelas assumed to be the decendents of saint Chadrodaya. The Chandelas built the most famous Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho in 1050 A.D. (d) Omkareshwar Model Hints Omkareshwar is a Hindu temple dedicated to God Shiva. It is one of the 12 revered Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. It is on an island called Mandhata or Shivapuri in the Narmada river; The shape of the island is said to be like the Hindu ॐ symbol. (e) Sanchi Location: Sanchi, Raisen District Sanchi is synonymous with Buddhist Stupas - hemispherical structures typically containing relics of the Buddha or his followers. Historically Sanchi (Ancient Name is Kakanodbot or Kaknya) has been a place of Shaiv community. Later on it became a famous site of Buddhist religion. Emperor Ashoka built the great stupa and made the town of Sanchi sacred as well as popular in 3rd century BC. A British cavalry officer General Taylor rediscovered and revived the sacredness of the town in 1818. Supplementary Notes UNESCO has given the status of 'World Heritage Site' to the Mahastupa. (Stupa -1) The lion capital of Ashokan pillar can be found at the archeological museum Home to the Gupta temple, one of the earliest examples of temple architecture The evolution of temple architecture is seen in the Gupta temple in the Stupa premises that were built in 5th Century Today around 50 monuments remain on the hill of Sanchi, narrating the rise and fall of Buddhist art and architecture The corridor(Jungla) around the Stupa was built in Shunga era. Jataka stories are carved on the walls of this stupas. One inscription about the minister of Chandragupta Vikramaditya is also stood here. In 2012, Buddha university was setup in Sanchi. Sanchi Stupa : Facts Type Buddhist monument Status UNESCO World Heritage Site Year of Construction 3rd century BCE Commissioned by Ashoka Architectural Style Buddhist style , Houses 4 Gateways That Showcase Buddha‟s Life Through Intricate Carvings Also Known as Great Stupa (Maha Stupa) ; Stupa No. 1 (in Sanchi) Dimensions 54 feet (height) and 120 feet (dome diameter) Material Used Brick , Wooden corridors and Stone MPPSC 2020 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (f) Makhan Lal Chaturvedi Model Hints Chaturvedi was born in a Bavali village of Hoshangabad district. He was the editor of the nationalist journals Prabha, Pratap and Karmaveer. He was awarded the first Sahitya Akademi Award in Hindi for his work "Him Taringini" in 1955. One of his famous poem is "Pushpa ki Abhilasha" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------- 6 MARKERS 2. Write the answers of the following questions in 5-6 lines (50 words) each. (a) Briefly discuss the Khajuraho Group of Temples Model Hints The Khajuraho Group of Temples (Hindu temples and Jain temples) is located in Chhatarpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India. They are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The temples are famous for their Nagara-style architectural symbolism and their erotic Sculptures. The Khajuraho group of monuments was built during the rule of the Chandela dynasty. The temples are grouped into three categories depending on their orientation – the Western Group of Temples, the Eastern Group of Temples and the Southern Group of Temples. These temples are dedicated to several Hindu Gods and Goddesses along with deities in Jain beliefs. Among the temples that are standing till now, 6 are dedicated to Lord Shiva, 8 to Lord Vishnu, 1 each to Lord Ganesha and the Sun God, while 3 are dedicated to Jain Tirthankaras. The largest of the temples is the Kandariya Mahadeo Temple that is dedicated to the glory of lord Shiva. MPPSC 2020 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (b) Write a short note on Jhanda Satyagrah. Model Hints Jhanda Satyagraha(1923) On march 1923, in Jabalpur a dispute arosed among local authorities about the hoisting of the tricolor flag. The dispute started when the British deputy commissioner was enraged and ordered to take down the flagwhich was hoisted by the congress members at municipality building at Jabalpur on 8th march 1923. In defiance of the government ban, the district Congress Committee started the Satyagraha, which was led by pandit Sunderlal Sharma, Subhadra kumari Chauhan,Nathuram Modi . Satyagrahi were prosecuted in which Pandit Sundarlal Sharma was imprisoned for six months .Later Nagpur was made the centre of Satyagrah. On 18 August,1923 the British authorities allowed volunteers to take out the procession with national flag which was headed by Makhanlal Chaturvedi,Vallabh Bhai Patel and Babu Rajendra Prasad. MPPSC 2020 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 (c) Give an account of famous religous places of Madhya Pradesh. Model Hints Madhya Pradesh is famous for holy places and Hindu temples such as Bhojeshwar temple complex, list of temples in Chitrakoot, famous temples of Amarkantak, Khajuraho group of temples, popular temples in Ujjain and must see temples of Orchha. Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga: Ujjain: Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga temple is one of the twelve Jyotirlingam of Lord Shiva and most sacred abodes of Lord Shiva in India. Omkareshwar Temple, Omkareshwar: Omkareshwar Temple is also one of the 12 Jyotirlinga shrines of Lord Shiva in India, located in the island on the south bank of Narmada river. Amareshwar or Mamleshwar and Omkareshwar both are consider jyotirling and equally sacred. Bhojeshwar Temple, Bhojpur: Bhojeshwar Temple of Lord Shiva house the tallest limestone lingam and the temple is designated as a Monument of National Importance. Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, Khajuraho: Kandariya Mahadeva Temple is the largest Hindu temple in Khajuraho, located in the Chhatarpur district. The temple is part of the Khajuraho Group of Monuments and one of the most popular UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India. Chaturbhuj Temple, Orchha: Chaturbhuj Temple is the most fabulous temple in the complex, dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Orchha town lies on the bank of Betwa river and famous for Orchha Fort, Ram Raja Temple an Laxminarayan Temple. Maa Sharda Devi Temple, Maihar: Maa Sharda devi temple is the most famous temple of mother goddess in Madhya Pradesh. The temple is situated on Trikuta hill and also has rope way system. Bijasan Mata Temple, Salkanpur: Bijasan Mata Temple in Salkanpur is a sacred shrine of goddess and a must visit temples in Madhya Pradesh. Bharat Milap Mandir, Chitrakoot:Bharat Milap Mandir is one of the famous temple in Chitrakoot, The religious town of Chitrakoot is situated in the Bundelkhand region and known for a number of temples and sites. Narmadeshwar Temple, Amarkantak: Narmada Udgam Temple in Amarkantak is the prime tourist attraction along with unique natural heritage area, rich variety of flora and Yantra Mandir. Chausath Yogini Temple at Jabalpur is the abode of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati along with 64 yoginis. The temple is located near the famous Marble Rocks in Bhedaghat. (d) Write a brief note on the buildings of Mandu. Model Hints The group of monuments of Mandu are situated south-east of Dhar in Madhya Pradesh. There are more than 60 monuments including fort wall protected and declared as monuments of national importance. The most significant ones are described below: Darwazas: Mandu is the largest fortified city of medieval India. The wall encompassing Mandu has 12 MPPSC 2020 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 2 major gates or darwazas. Jahaz Mahal: This palace is located between two artificial lakes. It was built by Ghiyas-ud-din-Khilji, and it served as a harem for the sultan, with a reportedly aggregation of 15000 ladies inside. Hindola Mahal: This Swing palace has sloping sidewalls. Hoshang Shah’s Tomb: This tomb is said to be India‟s first marble structure and one of the best examples of Afghan architecture. It is truly Islamic in architecture with a beautifully proportioned dome, intricate marble lattice work and porticoed courts and towers. The Hoshang Shah‟s tomb may have been used as a template for building the Taj Mahal.
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