4548 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974

IN THE COAST GUARD by the Senate and aippeared in the Congres­ Ellers, to be lieutenant (j.g.), and ending sional Record on February 7, 1974. Coast Guard nominations beginning Ray­ Thomas J. Rice, to be ensign, which nomi- IN THE NATIONAL 0cEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC nations were received by the Senate and ap­ mond K. Kostuk, to be lieutenant (j.g.), ADMINISTRATION and ending Robert C. Winter, to 'be lieuten­ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin­ peared in the Congressional Record on Feb­ ant (j.g.), which nominations were received istration nominations beginning Daniel S. ruary 18, 1974.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS CEDAR-RIVERSIDE DEVELOPMENT in live far out, and those who work far out camouflage ugly walls. Half the street acre­ PROVIDES ENERGY-EFFICIENT live close in. It is a perfect set-up for the age has been vacated to consolidate the land petroleum industry. into large tracts for building complexes and LIFESTYLE The real energy crisis, then, is the drain for open space. A new pedestrian transport on human energy. The average commuter system is being built at second-floor level to spends a month of daylight hours every year take the place of unneeded street mileage. HON. BILL FRENZEL beating his way over the concrete trails be­ And an elongated town center plaza and sur­ OF MINNESOTA tween home and job. If people were con­ rounding buildings wlll keep the motor ve­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sidered as important as fossil fuels, someone hicles below the surface. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 would have appointed a human energy czar Projects such as Cedar-Riverside point out in charge of rebuilding the cities. the best thing about a gasoline shortage: Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, the Feb­ Planned communittes around the world most things that need to be done to cope ruary 11 issue of the Washington Post are beginning to show how systems of urban \Vlth it a.re things that ought to be done carried an article by Mr. Wilfred Owen, living can be designed for people rather than anyway. It is time for the richest country in for business. A city designed for human pur­ the world to overcome the poverty of its a senior fellow at Brookings Institution, poses provides good housing in a pleasant cities. It will take a combination of national about the energy crisis and the design of neighborhood with the option of living near economic reforms to reduce poverty, massive our urban environment. The article work, walking to the store, having recreation housing programs, new land-use planning points out very well the close relationship nearby, and reducing the unnecessary travel policies, and institutional arrangements for between our present patterns of urban that results from the inconvenience of hav­ managing and financing the urban habitat. development and the energy shortages. ing things located in the wrong places. Those But we know from new communities around Planning is the key phrase which is who prefer perpetual motion have the option the world that building and rebuilding whole emphasized when Mr. Owen discusses of generating extra mileage if they want. By cities is physically possible and can prove contrast most unplanned urban areas deny financially feasible through cost-saving the solutions to our present energy di­ people those choices. techniques, new design concepts, a combina­ lemma, and Cedar-Riverside, the "new Planned cities are demonstrating that tion of public and private efforts, and the town within town" in Minneapolis, is large-scale city-building is physically and use for community purposes of the profits cited as an example of the type of plan­ economically feasible and that many of the from rising land values. ning he feels is increasingly needed. design concepts, as well as the financing Transforming urban America would re­ Ideas for revitalizing the central city methods and community social systems, quire a single urban development fund to are not new to Minneapolis. For years the could apply to existing cities and suburbs. consolidate federal aid for urban areas, and scourge of subzero winter temperatures The federal government ls now supporting the creation of urban development agencies planned urbanization through loan guaran­ at the metropolitan level with city-bullding made working in downtown Minneapolis tees to help pay land acquisition and other responsibilities. a depressing experience for many. In an­ front-end costs. Planned cities may be either Making urban areas livable, desirable, and swer to this, the planners came up with satellites of old cities, such as Reston or attractive for people of all incomes and races a modern and coordinated "skyway" sys­ Columbia., or rehabilitation of blighted areas is the overriding domestic challenge for the tem, now being copied all over the coun­ in existing cities. Cedar-Riverside in Minne­ last quarter of this century. Putting the em­ try. In addition, Minneapolis has had apolis is one of the latter. phasis on living instead of moving is a shift its share of other innovative ideas such What is happening in Ceda.r-RiverSlide in priorities that seems bound to save gaso­ points the way toward transforming urban line. If we put our minds to it, it might even as the Nicollet Mall Gateway Center. slums and blight all over America. A private save urban society. Urban environments will doubtless city-bullding team, which operates out of a. change at a faster rate, because of the converted ice cream factory, is in the process energy crisis. But in Minneapolis, the of redesigning a depressed and depressing 100 acres of the old city into a new city for need for change has already been iden­ ARTHUR C. PERRY, DEAN OF AD~ tified and its relationship to future en­ 30,000 people. The result wm be an attractive downtown community just 12 blocks from MINlSTRATORS, AND L. B. J. ergy conswnption is well established. the center of downtown Minneapolis and a FRIEND The article by Mr. Owen follows: few steps from the University of Minnesota. SAVING GAS-AND SOCIETY The Cedar-Riverside planners have put to­ (By Wilfred Owen) gether over 400 separate parcels of "charm­ HON. J. J. PICKLE The gasoline shortage focuses attention on ing slum" property in an effort to rebuild the OF TEXAS whole place in a way that wlll restore "the a fundamental defect of the American city: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We are using our ability to move to compen­ enjoyment and celebration of Ufe," with due sate for our inability to build a satisfactory consideration for the wishes of existing ten­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 ants. All of them, if they wish, wlll be in­ urban environment. Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, every one What we are up against is the obsolescence cluded in the new community. The aim is to of the accidental city, which puts a pre­ combine good housing, pleasant neighbor­ of us in this room knows how important mium on moving because it offers so little in hoods, easy access to jobs, good health-care it is to have a good person in charge of the way of living. Va.st central city areas are services, improvements 1n education, provi­ the staff back in the office. Everyone in plagued by poor housing and inadequate sions for recreation, and a wide range of cul­ this room knows that without an ad­ services, neighborhoods a.re rocked by drugs tural activities. A theatre in the round has ministrator to manage the fiow of work and crime, and the ugliness ls all-pervading. been fashioned out of a pizza parlor, and beer across our desks and the fiow of people Under those circumstances the automobile joints have become centers for the perform­ ing arts. High-rise apartments have both in and out, without someone who can has become the logical method of escape to to be dormitory suburbs, where driving is a. neces­ subsidized and unsubsidized units in a mix represent us when we have three or sary means of surviving: it may take a gal­ that conceals which ts which, and day-care four places at one time, that our jobs lon of gas to buy a quart of milk. centers, clinics and other community facll- become much harder, and even impos­ The suburban commuter life-style in­ 1ties are located in the apartment buildings. sible to manage. creased 100 per cent in the past decade in Much of the surroundings wlll be refurbished One of the best men ever to perform Dallas and Houston, 84 per cent in New Or­ rather than destroyed. this service was Arthur C. Perry. He was leans, and 56 per cent in Pittsburgh. Nation­ Already Cedar Avenue, the once dingy wide, reverse commuting was up 79 per cent, main commercial street has lost its typical indeed the dean of administrators, for reflecting the fact that poor people and city street pallor. The poles and wires are his service in that capaeity nea.rJ.y blacks living in center cities are unable to down, the sidewalks are repaved, store fronts spanned this century to date. find either housing or acceptance close to are being renovated. Pocket parks are being He was a good man, an able man, a Jobs in outlying areas. Those who work close substituted for vacant lots. Colorful murals dedicated man, and he cared not only February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4549 about those he worked for but about more dedicated to the preservation of the duce the price of gasoline at the pump by enabling them to do their best possible democratic process ..." Mr. Johnson said. as much as four cents a gallon. Meanwhile, for a nation and a system of govern­ After he moved to the White House, Mr. Standard Oil of Indiana has announced that Johnson often referred to Mr. Perry as "my it is cutting the pump price by two cents ment he loved dearly. mentor and faithful friend." a gallon because, with reduced gasoline out­ Because of this he was called out of Mr. Perry was born in Austin and was a put at its refineries, it has been using less retirement again and again for further student at the University of Texas there of the expensive foreign crude oil in its mix. service to our late beloved President Lyn­ when he was summoned to Washington by Hallelujah, right? Wrong, if the net effect don Johnson. Sen. Sheppard to take on a. summer job. over several years is to reduce the incentive ,As majority leader, Vice President, and The job became permanent, but Mr. Perry for American oil companies to expand the President, Mr. Johnson relied heavily on did not let it interfere with his education. domestic supply. The trouble ls that these this stalwart man, who had first come to He managed to get both bachelor's and mas­ same companies also have heavy investments ter's degrees in law from George Washington overseas, and they may be inclined to expand Washington in 1919 to work for Texas University in the 1920s. their overseas investments rather than pro­ Senator Morris Sheppard, and then for He later switched to the staff of Sen. Con­ mote self-sufficiency at home. Senator Tom Connally. nally but left Capitol Hill in 1934 to serve Has the Congress come up with an alter_, His passing is a matter of sorrow and for more than a. decade as an attorney with native set of incentives for domestic explo­ will leave a great hole in an important the Federal Communications Commission, ration and refinery construction? We have era of our country. He was much beloved the Internal Revenue Service and the Justice seen no evidence that it has. And we doubt Department. He returned to Sen. Connally's that congressmen have persuaded the man­ and he shall be much missed. I salute his office in 1947. memory and I salute his lovely wife agers of the nation's oil companies to become Mr. Perry actually was credited with philanthropic organizations and develop Katharine, who stood by his side through launching Mr. Johnson into a political career those domestic resources for sheer love of these long and busy years. in the 1930s. It started with the "little con­ country. The spirit of '76 indeed. An article on the Jate Arthur C. Perry gress," composed of congressional secretaries, One of these days we may be able to pay follows: who elected Mr. Johnson as speaker. Tha.t ac­ 35 cents a gallon for gas we can't get. When tion was considered the start of his long and ARTHUR C. PERRY, LBJ INTIMATE, DIES that happens, we will be wondering what successful career. (By Jean R. Halley) snake-on salesman persuaded us it was wise Mr. Perry had been a member for many to legislate prices on a commodity in short Arthur Colvin Perry, former administra­ yea.rs of the New York Avenue Presbyterian supply. tive assistant to three U.S. senators from Church and of the Barristers Lodge. He had Texas and an aide to President Johnson, died been secretary of the Texas State Society Sunday at Doctors Hospital. here. At times referred to as the "Dean of Gov­ He ls survived by his wife, Katharine wn­ ARMY SECRETARY CAJ..LAWAY RE­ ernment,'' he had completed almost 50 yea.rs llamson Wicks Perry, of the home, 1801 Ver­ PORTS ON SUCCESS OF VOLUN­ of federal government service when he re­ mont Ave. NW, and a brother, J. L. Perry, of TEER ARMY tired with his last boss, President Johnso11, Ormond Bea.ch, Fla. in 1968. Mr. Perry's friendship with Mr. Johnson HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT had dated back to 1933, when the latter first came to Washington as secretary to Rep. OF CALIFORNIA PRICE CONTROLS IS NO ANSWER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Richard Kleberg of Texas. FOR ENERGY CRISIS At that time, Mr. Perry was administra­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 tive assistant to Sen. Tom Connally of Texas and an old hand at carrying out congres­ Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, as a sional operations. He had first come to Capi­ ·HON. ROBERT J. HUBER longtime advocate of a volunteer mill­ tol Hill in 1919 to serve as administrative OF MICHIGAN tary force, I was pleased to receive the assistant to Sen. Morris Sheppard of Texas. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other day a letter from Army Secretary Mr. Perry showed Mr. Johnson the ropes Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Howard H. Callaway describing the suc­ and Mr. Johnson never forgot it. cess of the system. When Sen. Connally retired in 1953, Mr. Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, it would Perry decided that after 33 yea.rs of govern­ seem that we would have learned by now In the first year of the system, rates ment service, he also would sit back and that price controls breed shortages and for AWOL, desertion, crimes, and cour~­ take it easy. martial are down. But Mr. Johnson, who by then was Senate market dislocation. However, from many High school graduates make up 60 majority leader, would have none of that. quarters we hear that controls are the percent of new enlistments; while this He called Mr. Parry immediately and asked answer. In my view, this answer was very :figure is not particularly impressive, it him to be his administrative assistant'. effectively refuted in an editorial which will doubtless improve as Vietnam fades Mr. Perry agreed to get back into harness appeared in the Detroit Free Press on and remained with Mr. Johnson through his February 7, 1974. It is my hope that my into the past and military service be­ years as Vice President and then President. comes more acceptable among educated colleagues will read it and remember young people. Mr. Perry served Mr. Johnson both in the when we next consider energy legislation. Senate and in the White House as an almost I see no cause for concern 1n the in­ anonymous administrative assistant. The editorial follows: crease in black enlistment from 18. 7 to He was so anonymous, in fact, that in 1953 (From the Detroit Free Press, Feb. 7, 1974] 28.2 percent. This has occurred for the he was formally invited "as a Republican PLAN To CONTROL OIL PRICES DEFIES LAWS OJ' same reason a high proportion of pro­ leader" to become a member of the Capitol ECONOMICS Hill Club, a meeting place for Republicans fessional athletes are black: Economic Congress' reaction to the soaring price of and social conditions are such that mlll­ from a.II over America. Mr. Perry acknowl­ oll suggests that the members of that body, edged the distinction but penned his re­ like the Bourbon kings of France. never for­ tary service, like professional sports, of­ grets. get anything and never learn anything. fers a better chance for ra;pld advance­ "It naturally appeals to the ego of any The attempt to legislate a rollback in the ment for an able young black man. When individual to be regarded as a 'leader,' even price of that portion of domestic crude oil equal education, equal housing, and in the Republican Party. However, it is some­ not now subject to price controls is equiva­ equal employment opportunity have be­ what depressing to me to feel that after hav­ lent to trying 'to repeal the law of gravity. come more of a reality, we can expect ing spent my whole life in the Democratic One would have thought the nation's ex­ Party, and having been one of the original black enlistments to subside to the per­ perience with the impact of price controls centage of blacks found in the general organizers of the Young Democrats Club of genera.Uy, and with regulating the domestic the District of Columbia, I made no more price of energy resources when we cannot population. For the present, the fact that impression than to be considered a Repub­ control foreign prices would have taught us it offers opportunity and that blacks are lican leader . . . To save you embarrass­ something. accepting it is reason for pride rather ment, I shall respectfully decline your in­ But no, Congress is apparently going to than embarrassment to the Army. vitation ..." he wrote. press ahead, reacting to the angry pressures I insert Secretary Callaway's letter in Anonymous or not, Mr. Perry's infiuence on generated by the high prices at the gas pump, the RECORD at this point. Mr. Johnson was widely recognized during defying the working of the laws of economics. Mr. SECRETARY OF THE ARMY, the yea.rs. While Senate majority leader, To satisfy the cry for lower prices, Congress Washington, D.C., January 31, 1974. Johnson once paid Mr. Perry publlc tribute is wllllng to take the longer-term risk that Hon. RoBERT L. LEGGETT, before Congress. the supply within the United States will House of Representatives, "I have never known a more faithful pub­ continue to shrink. Washington, D.C. llc servant. I have never known a more The architect of this plan, Sen. Henry DEAR M:a. LEGGETT: As I am sure you are hono:m.ble man. I have never known a person Jackson, D-Wash., says he hopes it will re- aware, there has ~ a considerable amount 4550 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 of interest regarding the status of the volun­ with their enlistment commitments and als-one from the Chattanooga News teer Army. I am now completing a full report their individual capabilities. Free Press and the other from the Chat­ on the first year of the volunteer Army and Finally, combat readiness, which is the tanooga Times-both welcoming the will be forwarding a copy of it to you in the heart of the Army's business, has shown sig­ Vice President to our city and both set­ near future. In the meantime, I thought you nificant improvement. Judged by the strin­ and your constituents would appreciate a gent standards reported to the Joint Chiefs ting the tone for a most satisfying ex­ brief status report. In summary, the news is of Staff, the divisions today much more perience: good. nearly meet their goals than they did at the [From the Chattanooga. News-Free Press, First, I would like to mention a recruiting end of the draft-a.ll 13 divisions are fully February 18, 1974] technique heretofore unknown in the mod­ operational and nearly all are ready Americans women. Reenlistments for the year totaled as a prospect for the Presidency in 1976, Mr. 46,300. In addition, 2,530 men and women HON. LAMAR BAKER OF TENNESSEE Ford has made clear announcement that he extended their enlistments for two years or does not plan to run for any office at that more during the period from January to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time. He expects to give up his role in pub­ October. The Army has achieved 88 percent Wednesday; February 27, 1974 lic life that includes service as an outstand­ of its recruiting objectives since we aban­ ing representative from Michigan in the doned the use of the draft on 29 December Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, southern United States Congress, where he was mi­ 1972, and recent recruiting trends are up. hospitality is well known. It had an op­ nority leader for the Republican Party in The high school graduate content of our non­ portunity to expose its charm to the the House. prior service enlisted accessions since the Chattanooga is honored by Mr. Ford's draft ended (calendar year 1972) has been Vice President of the United States on February 18 and was, in turn, charmed presence and will be attentive to his remarks about 60 percent. If we include prior service as he speaks tonight to engineers and their accoosions, the high school figure rises to 63 by GERALD FORD, guest and principal percent; and if we take a snapshot of the speaker at the Engineers Week Banquet guests at the Chattanooga Choo-Choo. whole Army, we find 71 percent enlisted men This community is one rich in history. The in Chattanooga on that date. visit today of Vice President Ford follows a and women have at least a high school edu­ The Vice President warmed to our cation. Although there were some short­ long tradition of visits by high American falls in meeting recruiting goals in the early people and they warmed to him. He leaders begun by President James Monroe was well received and he responded in a when he came to the Brainerd Mission on months of this fiscal year, recently the May 27 and 28 of 1819. monthly goals have been met and our en­ manner to establish why he is the ideal listed strength permits us to maintain an leader for the No. 2 spot in our Govern­ We welcome you, Mr. Vice President. effective and quality force. ment. He met with a great many of his Many new approaches to recruiting are fans in the Chattanooga area, both pub­ [From the Chattanooga Times, Feb. 18, 19741 being tried which stress quality together licly and privately. He exchanged WELCOME, MR. VICE-PRESIDENT with quantity, such as bringing the recruiter pleasantries and answered questions. He Despite his declared intention not to seek force up to authorized strength on a priority "any public ofilce" in 1976, Democrats and basis, expanding the unit of choice and sta­ ~ook time for a press conference and re­ Republicans alike will be watching Vice tion of choice options (as in the example of sponded forthrightly to a wide-ranging President Gerald Ford closely as he swings the 9th Division), focusing on the juajor ~ol­ barrage of news inquiries. He was affable, into Chattanooga today to help area engi­ lege market, screening out poor soldiers in courteous and responsive. neers celebrate Engineers Week. reenlistments, administering new entrance In addition to addressing the En­ Mr. Ford enjoys a comfortably high popu­ tests, and even screening out early in train­ gineers Week banquet assemblage, the larity rating in the polls taken among Re­ ing the individuals who cannot become suc­ Vice President presented Chattanooga publicans who see in him the opportunity for cessful soldiers. These efforts will continue. Mayor Robert Kirk Walker with a an even chance at winning the presidency With respect to discipline in the volun­ again in 1976 despite the trauma visited teer Army, in comparing trends for Fiscal framed letter certifying Chattanooga's upon the party by Watergate. And many Years 1972 and 1973, a period which includes designation as a bicentennial community Democrats concede he'd make a considerable both draft and volunteer Army experience, and also gave a bicentennial flag to the opponent. we find that rates for AWOL, desertion, city. William Bunn and Herbert Mc­ The Vice President probably will com­ crimes of violence, crimes against property, Queen of Combustion Engineering re­ ment on these issues in a press conference and courts-martial, are down. Virtually every ceived plaques from Vice President Ford today. But no matter how one views the major indicator of discipline in the Army as co-winners of the "Engineer of the political scene nowadays, we're confident all has, in fact, remained at the same level or Chattanoogans welcome Mr. Ford's visit to improved. Whatever Russians have agreed to delaying scme de­ of constantly growing populations and en­ liveries--not enough to avert a shortage--and I am delighted to be able to report that ergy needs, against a finite supply of mineral we are already at work in this area. at the same time it continues to allow more resources. This goal of worldwide cooperation sales for export. It is like a dog chasing its Experts at the National Science Founda­ is being brought within reach by this Ad­ tion are conducting a far-reaching man­ tall. ministration. Project Interdependence can The Department says that export limita­ power study to assess the overall availab~ity flourish in the climate of peace created by and needs of scientific personnel in meeting tions would "Abrogate contracts that were President Nixon's world policies. In fact, the made in good faith, an act that no govern­ the energy crisis. groundwork is being laid. In addition, the National Science Foun­ ment should undertake lightly," while say­ Already, the easing of international ten­ ing at the same time that many of the ex­ dation is sponsoring graduate training in sions has been accompanied by substantive energy-related research in the coal, oil shale, port sales are not firm commitments, and exchanges of ideas and experts concerned that "Almost every agreement to sell is in geothermal, and solar areas. Post-doctoral with advanced energy technologies. American programs are planned. Distinguished scien­ fact a conditional sale, subject to cancella­ scientists and engineers go to the Soviet tion if both parties agree to terminate the tists and engineers are to be invited from Union. abroad. Funds are being provided to train contract prior to its maturity." (Statement highly skilled technicians. And the techni­ Russians come here. In Tennessee you have by Don Paarlberg, Director of Agricultural cal support of universities and industries been host to Soviet colleagues at Oak Ridge Economics, U.S. Department of Agriculture, is being coordinated and expanded. and Tullahoma. There is special interest in before the Subcommittee on Agricultural the work on advanced energy cycles. We are Production, Marketing and Stabilization of Recently the Federal Energy Office in learning from each other. Washington, D.C. uncovered a major neyv Prices, Senate Committee on Agriculture and As you know, the oil consuming nations Forestry, February 4, 1974). Requests for ac­ area for the application of American engi­ met in Washington last week at President neering skills and techniques. tion to save enough wheat for United States It has come forward with an analysis which Nixon's invitation. Ensuing from that meet­ needs are answered with double-talk or with ing will be a pooling of engineering resources shows that the American population of 210 criticism of bakers. in energy supply and conservation. We are Secretary Butz speaks to us as though we million wastes as much energy as the 110 fostering a new spirit in the world-a spirit million people in Japan consume. With new were enemies, but we are not enemies of the that will transcend temporary differences. farmer. The baker is the farmer's best cus­ techniques and appropriate conservation Dr. Kissinger, our Secretary of State, sum­ measures, there are indications we can save tomer, for wheat and most other farm com­ med it up recently when he said: "We know modities. The farmer, too, depends on a between 30 and 40 per cent of the energy we that the energy crisis indicates the birth now require. healthy economy and will suffer from short­ These statistics pose a great challenge to pangs of global interdependence. Our re­ ages, inflation and the general disorder the engineer. sponse could well determine our capacity to ca.used by government bungling and negll- They ask you to: deal with the international agenda of the Find ways to stop this waste of energy. future." ge~~re has been debate about the possibil­ Increase energy production in the shortest Your work as engineers will be part of our ity of bread going to one dollar a loaf. To my time span possible. response. mind, the real question ls whether there will Preserve the quality of our air and water. Therefore, I want to thank the engineers be bread at any price. Our Government cannot say, like Marie And of Tennessee for the progress you have al­ ready made in this direction. You are hasten­ Antoinette, "Let them eat cake." Cake :flour, Remain mindful that costs must be held too, is disappearing. A large :flour milling as low as possible. ing the day when mankind will share its I am confident tha.t the American engineer company already has notified a distributor collective genius to bring about an era of in the Washington, D.C. area that its latest can meet these speclficatlons. worldwide peace, well-being and understand­ shipment of cake flour will be the last until The outlook is far from gloomy. In the ing. But the work has only just begun. the new wheat crop is available. energy field, America is virtually an under­ We must all take part. It will require The Department of Agriculture seems to developed nation. There are many energy greater effort, greater thought, greater in­ be hoping it wm "luck out" without limit­ resources waiting to be tapped. genuity, greater concern from each one of us. ing exports, that foreign buyers will somehow we have 1.8 trillion barrels of oil which can be unlocked from the shale formations in The challenge is huge. voluntarily decide to cancel or delay de­ Colorado, Wyoming and Utah, with the proper But the goal ts the dream of every think­ liveries. The Department is playing Russian technology. This is more than the proven re­ ing person. And the goal is within our reach. Roulette, with the gun at the head of the serves of the largest Arab oll producers 1n Let us grasp the opportunity. American consumer. the Middle East. :I thank you. We believe ( 1) the Congress should insist 4552 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 that the Department of Agriculture immedi­ guilty under the provisions of Article II. We toward the just, definitive and orderly reso­ ately make public all the hard facts it has as cannot now do that. We have not yet deter­ lution of the question. to wheat supplies, including the facts, 1f any, mined what historical and legal causes for I intend to do just that, and to stand firm as to the quantities of export sales on which impeachment should be recognized by the in the thought that this obedience to con­ foreign buyers have agreed to postponing Committee. stitutional precedent will raise up a. healing shipment, and (2) if those facts do not give Some of the charges leveled against the spirit of bipartisanship, justice and equa­ clear assurance of adequate supplies for President, i.e., impoundment of funds and nimity among my colleagues in the Congress. American consumers, then the Congress vetoes of legislation, would seem improper should promptly enact legislation to compel to include in any articles of impeachment, the preservation of such supplies. no matter how voluminous the evidence might be. On the other hand, such serious charges as bribery, obstruction of justice, VIRTUE AND MORALITY IN GOV­ destruction of evidence and other 1llegal ac­ ERNMENT-AN ADDRESS BY SEN­ ATE MAJORITY WHIP ROBERT C. THOUGHTFUL POSITION OF CON­ tions Inight well be included in a recommen­ dation for impeachment, but only after am­ BYRD GRESSMAN McCLORY ON IM­ ple evidence has been presented-and PEACHMENT INQUIRY weighed. To deCilde the case before the evidence is HON. JOHN M. SLACK HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON received is comparable to the expression, OF WEST vmGINIA "I've made up my mind-don't confuse me IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF ILLINOIS with the facts." As the Committee staff itself IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has reported: "The mere fact that we are Wednesday, February 27, 1974 undertaking investigation into a particular Wednesday, February 27, 1974 subject should not be interpreted to mean Mr. SLACK. Mr. Speaker, last Friday, that we think there was any wrongdoing on a most appropriate date, George Mr. ANDERSON of lliinois. Mr. Washington's birthday, I was present at Speaker, our colleague from Illinois, there or that any prejudgment of the evi­ denc~ has been made. Charges are not proof." the Scottish Rite Temple at Charleston, Congressman ROBERT MCCLORY, second The special 90-member impeachment staff W. Va., when my esteemed friend and ranking Republican on the House Judici­ established by a 1-Inillion-dollar authoriza­ colleague, Senator ROBERT c. BYRD, the ary Committee, prepared a most tion of the House of Representatives is sub­ Senate majority whip, addressed an over­ thoughtful and responsible article for the stantially bipartisan. This staff is headed by flow audience in a most timely manner. U.S. News & World Report. the Cominittee's special counsel, Mr. John Doar, and special counsel for the Republi­ With his unerring instinct for the proper Mr. McCLORY's critical position on the word, emphasized in the proper manner House Judiciary Committee demands the can members, Mr. Albert E. Jenner-men of unquestioned integrity and recognized legal at the proper time, Senator BYRD re­ most earnest attention to his constitu­ ability. They are proceeding daily to gather minded those present of the strong admo­ tional responsibilities and a conscientious material for the use and deterinination of nition our Young Republic received from and careful analysis of the factual mate­ the Judiciary Committee. George Washington in his Farewell Ad­ rial presented to the Judiciary Commit­ An integral part of this inquiry is time. dress to the effect that "virtue or moral­ tee. The long-drawn-out Senate Watergate hear­ ity is a necessary spring of popular gov­ Mr. McCLORY's assumption of this ings, a myriad of court proceedings, and a ernment." awesome responsibility is described in his flood of printed and visual matter-all in­ volving persons other than the President­ The :flow of events during the past year own words in the article published in the have taxed the patience but not the strength has led to rising doubts among our peo­ February 25 issue, which I am pleased of the American people. ple of the credibility of our Government, to bring to the attention of my colleagues I offered, unsuccessfully, an amendment in a matter which must be of deep concern and the American people: the Judiciary Committee and attempted to to every loyal American. Both for its [From U.S. News & World Report, Feb. 25, offer an amendment on the floor of the House timeliness and the measured force of its 1974) to target the end of this inquiry by April comment I bring to your attention the WArr UNTIL "ALL THE FACTS ABE IN" 30. In the past the chairman of the Com­ mittee, Congressman Peter Rodino of New address by Senator BYRD on that occa­ (By Representative RoBERT MCCLORY) Jersey, has concurred that the inquiry could sion, particularly since it reflects much It would be quite inappropriate for me or be completed by that time. However, he ob­ of the pulse of the people at this t1me: for any other member of the House Judiciary jected strenuously to having such a terini­ ADDRESS BY SENATOR RoBERT C. BYRD Committee to prejudge the impeachment in­ nation date spelled out in the resolution con­ quiry which is now pending before our Com­ firming the Judiciary Committee's authority Mr. Chairman and Brothers: On the sev­ mittee. 1n the impeachment investigation. enteenth of September, 1796, President George Washington addressed his farewell Now is simply not the time to comment It is my view that the people would be best to on the yea or nay of impeachment. One can­ served if April 30 could be set as the end of the people of the United States. In that his­ not put the cart before the horse and expect this investigation. That date could be ex­ toric address, our First President spoke as a philosopher and a statesman, rather than as to make any forward movements down the tended readily 1f our investigation 1s im­ road. peded for any reason-including any lack of a politician or a soldier. In this case the road is clearly laid out. It co-operation on the part of the White House. Of the many timeless thoughts that Presi­ is to follow the intent and letter of the Con­ The House of Representatives must not be dent Washington expressed one hundred and stitution of the United States-particularly confused or Inisled into acts or attitudes not seventy-eight years ago, one that has always Article II-which sets forth the restricted in harmony with the Constitution. Common appealed strongly to me is this: "It is sub­ basis upon which charges of impeachment sense, fair play and decency require us all to stantially true, that virtue or morality is a wm lie. proceed as we are enjoined by that document. necessary spring of popular government. The We have heard much talk recently of this The strength of our system of law and jus­ rule, indeed, extends with more or less force specific language: "bribery, treason and other tice requires that we play out its full course. to every species of free government." high crimes and misdemeanors." We have We have seen the havoc that results when In these troubled times, when the fabric of not heard enough of the deliberate and di­ one prematurely interrupts the natural flow American government is threatened, we rect procedure the Constitution has provided of governmental events. We have seen how would do well to reinind ourselves of the in relation to that Article. overreaction of the promptings of fear have truth of those words. They were uttered The United States does not have a par­ led some of our Government officials into when we were but a fiedgllng nation. Now liamentary form of government. The Presi­ the cominittal of acts unnatural to them­ that America has grown to be the strongest dent does not hold office at the sufferance selves, their better natures and the traditions and most prosperous land on earth, their of the Congress. A President may not be im­ of laws of the United States. import is of even greater consequence. peached because he has lost the confidence The people elected Richard Nixon as their It needs no repetition from me that events of the people who respond to public-opinion President. It is not enough to remove him of the past year have called into question the polls. He may not be removed on the basts public and political conduct of men who, by from omce for unpopularity or on the basis their election or appointment to public of­ of hearsay, opinion or hunch. of news reports, innuendo, inference or be­ The Judiciary Cominittee 18 now exercising fice, became the repositories of the public cause of the Inisdeeds of others. trust. Some of these men evidently forgot the initial constitutional prerogative-ad­ To announce our vote for or against im­ Washington's admonition that "virtue or ducing through dispassionate analysis 1f peachment before all the facts are in is to morality is a necessary spring of popular gov­ there is concrete evidence to support any of violate our duty as members of the U.S. ernment." But whatever was the reason for the impeachment resolutions referred to the House. their failures, there has been created 1n our Cominittee by the House of Representatives. We must abide by the clear language of the country an atmosphere of deep distrust and To say that we, the members of the House Constitution, exercise our legitimate role in cynicism toward government and politics. of Representatives, should or should not im- · the House of Representatives as legislators, This is unfortunate, but it is real. Ten peach the President 1s to say he is or is not and then move deliberately and promptly years of a war in Vietnam which many Amer- February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4553 leans did not understand, and about which society-a materialism that until very re­ will flow over them. than were ever shed over many felt they were not being told the facts; cently had threatened to suffocate under a the monuments of Roman or Grecian art; for reports of rich people and rich corporations blanket of worldliness many of the spiritual they wJll be the remnants of a more glorious that pay little or no taxes, while the average values that were held in such high esteem by edifice than Greece or Rome ever saw, the wage-earner or small businessman gets our Founding Fathers. But because they were edifice of constitutional American liberty." soaked by the tax laws; example after exam­ men of sensitivity and understanding, they ple of illegal acts perpetrated by men in re­ would also hope that there is beginning sponsible positions who, above all, should again, a resurgence of individual and com­ have upheld the law-this accumulation of munity responsibility throughout America. I STATEMENT OF NATIONAL COM­ sordid events has produced a dangerous lack believe they would see the beginnings of a MANDER OF THE DISABLED AMER­ of credibility in our governmental system. It change-not an attempt to turn back the ICAN VETERANS is dangerous because the people are very apt clock-in the attitudes and values that have to forget that in all the areas of their distrust flourished in recent years. I believe they and disillusionment, these conditions have would sense a growing realization-in the HON. ELWOOD HILLIS been caused by the frailties of men-not be­ minds of millions of Americans who produce cause of failings in our American institu­ our prosperity-that prosperity has its dan­ OF INDIANA tions. The underpinnings of this Republic gers as well as its comforts. I believe they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are still sound. And weaknesses that Ameri­ would sense a deepening moral and spiritual Wednesday, February 27, 1974 cans perceive today are not in the structure awareness. It ls from this awareness that of the system. They are in some of the men there will spring the irresistible demand for Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, I am sub­ that circumstance placed in charge of the a heightened morality and integrity in their mitting the statement of John T. Soave, structure. leaders. national commander of the Disabled This great nation of ours needs a re­ This may be called wishful thinking, but I believe that underlying all the trappings of American Veterans, as presented before awakening of political conscience. It needs Af­ a thorough rededication to the public good. crass materialism that pervade our prosper­ the House Committee on Veterans' It needs a rebirth of political honor. In addi­ ous society, there are still the basic qualities fairs this morning for publication in the tion to the reforms that need to be effected of heart and mind and spirit that fortified. RECORD. I believe my colleagues will be in the political world, there needs to be a our forefathers against all oppressors, and in­ interested in and appreciate the opportu­ recrudescence of morality and ethical be­ spired them to so magnificently lay the foun­ nity to read these remarks as they per­ havior in the world of business and com­ dations of our freedom and our liberty. tain to this highly respected organiza­ merce. There has to be recreated in our When things are going well, it is all too tion. American society, a climate of believability­ easy to allow indolence and complacency to The text of the statement of the na­ where a statement by a political leader, or insinuate themselves into our lives. It is when by a corporation president, or by a union the good things of life become a little harder tional commander of the Disabled Amer­ leader is believed because of confidence ana to come by that the real qualities of a people ican Veterans is as follows: trust in the person who utters it. - shine through. Millions of Americans have STATEMENT BY JOHN T. SOAVE Today, we have a prime example of the had it pretty good for a long time. Perhaps Mr. Chairman and members of the Com­ problem in the gasoline shortage. While our present troubles will be a blessing in dis­ mittee, it is a distinct pleasure as National Americans are fully aware of a shortage guise, for they may bring out in us our in­ Commander of the Disabled American Vet­ because of the long lines at gas stations, and heritance of faith in God and country that terans to appear before you today and pre­ restrictions on amounts they can buy, mil­ was the strong pillar of our Founders' phi­ sent our Legislative Program for this 2nd lions of car owners are questioning whether losophy and character. Session of the 93rd Congress. the shortage ls being purposely maintained In the 29th Chapter of the Book of Prov­ At the very outset, Mr. Chairman, it seems by the major oil companies. erbs, it is written: "Where there is no vision, most fitting that I take a moment to ex­ The executives of the oil companies have the people perish." George Washington, press, on behalf of the 430,000 members of sworn under oath before congressional com­ Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and their the DAV, our profound sense of regret on the mittees that the shortages are beyond their fellow-founders did not lack vision. It was loss of two highly respected members of this control, but many Americans still don't be­ on th.at vision, and on their unswerving faith Committee-John P. Saylor of Pennsylvania lieve them. They don't believe what the in the ultimate destiny of the Republic that and Charles M. Teague of California. Each Federal Energy Office tells them, either. our very ex stence today ls based. will be remembered for his outstanding rec­ This climate of distrust can be dispelled Though it is very close to two hundred ord of service to our cause. only by leaders in all walks of life proving years since the vision and the faith were born Mr. Chairman, the DAV engages itself by their behavior and example that they and nurtured, they are needed today and deeply in several programs which, I am subscribe to another statement by the Father will be needed in the days and years to come pleased to say, are reaching high levels of of our country, when he said: "I hold the if the institutions and structure of this Re­ success in providing valuable services to in­ maxim no less applicable to public than pri­ public are to serve the Americans of the fu­ creasing numbers of Americans-the young, vate affairs, that honesty is always the best ture as magnificently as they have served us, the middle aged, the elderly. policy." and the Americans of the past. The DAV, through its National Employ­ That ls a very simple maxim, and one that George Washington and that grand aggre­ ment Program, extends to those veterans should be easy to follow. Unfortunately, in gation of men who met at the Constitutional whose employability has been restored, a the immensely complicated world in which Convention in 1787 built the foundations of practical, cooperative form of assistance in we nowadays live; with the stress and strain, the greatest structure of government that securing gainful employment. The DAV ts and the furious pace at which our modern the world has ever known. It ls that struc­ dedicated to this fundamental mission and world lives; with the myriad of tempta.tions ture, and these institutions th.at must, at all considerable emphasis ls placed upon it by for moral and ethical shortcuts that are costs, be preserved by you and me. our organization. around us everyday, it is a lot more difficult Daniel Webster, in his eulogy of George The continuing success of the DAV's to be incorruptible in 1974 than it was in Washington, addressed himself to this very Scouting Program for handicapped children 1796. question, when he said: ls a particular source of satisfaction for all I sometimes find myself wondering, around "Other misfortunes may be borne, or their of us. Our Scholarship Program supports a this time of year, what George Washington effects overcome. If disastrous war should total of 120 needy and deserving children of and his contemporaries would think, and sweep our commerce from the ocean, another service-connected disabled veterans. Our two what their reactions would be to our now­ generation may renew it; if it exhaust our "Relief" Programs provide financial assist­ affiuent society. How would they view this treasury, future industry may replenish it; ance to disabled veterans and their familles powerful, prosperous country that they if It desolate and lay waste our fields, still, who are temporarily in need of such assist­ started-with so little? I believe they would under new cultivation. they will grow green ance. be proud that their dream of a great Con­ again, and ripen to future harvests. It were NATIONAL SERVICE PROGRAM stitutional Republic has been realized. They but a trifle even if the walls of yonder Capi­ One of the most important programs in would be proud, I am sure, of the productive­ tol were to crumble, if its lofty pillars should which all of us in the DAV share a deflnite ness of our fields and our factories. They fall, and its gorgeous decorations be all cov­ pride ls our extensive, highly developed would be immensely gratified by our schools ered by the dust of the valley. All these may National Service Program. This activity forms and our universities; our hospitals and our be rebuilt. But who shall reconstruct the the very foundation upon which our organi­ highways, and our churches But I fear that fabric of demolished government? Who shall zation was created. they might look askance at some of the other rear again the well-proportioned columns of The DAV maintains a staff of 260 National manifestations of our bigness. Particularly constitutional liberty? Who shall frame to­ service Officers locaited in VA offices across they might be unhappy at the loss of politi­ gether the skillful architecture which unites the U.S. Of this total, 180 are veterans of cal and economic independence in the States, national sovereignty with State rights, indi­ the Vietnam war. They, themselves, are dis­ and at the immense growth of power and vidual security, and public prosperity? No, if abled veterans, trained under DAV's guid· influence of the federal establishment. these columns fall, they wlll be raised not ance to be specialists 1n the field of veterans' I believe that those Americans, who lived agatn. Like the Coliseum and the Parthenon. programs generously provided by this Com­ 1n a simpler age. might be a little unhappy at they will be destined to a mournful, a melan­ mittee and the Congress. the tremendous growth ot materialism 1n our choly Immortality. Bitterer tears, however. During 1973, DAV National service Officers 4554 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 handled claims for benefits that provided wlll be necessary that the Congress consider which you recently introduced at our re­ more than $317 million in payments to dis­ proposed increases in servioe-oonnected com­ quest, would fulfill this legislative objec­ abled veterans, their dependents and sur­ pensation needed to stay abreast of the tive. It provides a 15 percent increase in vivors. Our budget for the National Service changes in the cost of living index. You said DIC payments, and it removes one of the Program in 1974 is approximately $5 million, that many inquiries are being received from last remaining discriminations in servioe­ which is contributed by a generous public. disabled veterans regarding the subject, and connected death benefits by equalizing war­ The DAV is enlarging this important, via­ it ls the plan of the Committee on Veterans' time and peacetime rates under the old ble program through the use of eight Mobile Affairs to take up tMs legislation early this Death Compensation Program. Field Service Units which Will travel about Session. Our reasons for urging the adoption of the country bringing our services directly to I want to say, Mr. Chairman, that inquiries the DIC increase are essentially the same as disabled veterans and their famllies. reaching us at Nat ional Headquarters also those expressed earlier with respect to the Throughout 1974 all eight Units will cover manifest concerned interest in the need for need for increases in the rates of service­ each state in the continental limits of the compensation adjustments. The most touch­ connected disability compensation. United States. Fully equippOO. to function as ing inquiries come regularly from the seri­ One other DIC bill before the Committee traveling offices, each Unit Will have two ex­ ously disabled veterans, all expressing the·ir which has a prominent place in our cur­ perienced National Service Officers aboard dire situat ions due to the higher costs of rent program is H.R. 3017. A long-time who will counsel and assist claimants in food, clothing, housing, fuel and other basic DAV objective, the measure would provide securing benefits from various governmental necessities. Those veterans whose only in­ for the payment of Dependency and In­ agencies. come ls their fixed monthly compensation demnity Compensation to survivors of de­ Let me assure you, Mr. Chairman, of the payments are hit hardest by run -away infla­ ceased veterans who were rated 100 per­ deep sense of pride I feel for this new, ex­ tion, and are desperately struggling to sur­ cent disabled by reason of service-connected panded facet of our Service Program which vive. disabllities for 20 or more years. will extend a helping hand, not only to those H.R. 11469 has a three-fold purpose. It In assessing the merits of this proposal, who reside in urban areas but also to those would provide an across the board increase Mr. Chairman, we think it reasonable to say in rural areas far removed from VA Regional of 15 percent in the basic disab111ty com­ that a veteran who has suffered the distress Offices. pensation rates. Dependency allowances pay­ and debllitating effects of a service-related I want to take this opportunity to again able to veterans with service-connected dis­ total disabil1ty for 20 years, should there­ express my grateful thanks to the distin­ abllity rated 50 percent or more would also after have statutory assurance that upon his guished Chairman of this Committee for par­ be increased by 15 percent. Finally, the bill death his widow will be provided for by pay­ ticipating so graciously and so effectively in proposes to raise from $47 to $60 the special ment of Dependency and Indemnity Com­ the January 7th ceremony at Columbia, statutory awards to veterans who have suf­ pensation. This certainly would give the South Carolina. Your message to all of us fered the service-connected loss or loss of veteran much peace of mind in the knowl­ assembled at the State House in Columbia use of a limb, an eye, or other body organ. edge that his wife--who ministered to him was most inspiring and uniquely appropriate No one need be reminded that the cost of for many years and often at great personal for the kickoff event which sent the Mobile living has sky-rocketed since this Commit­ sacrifice-will have a more favored and Field Service Units on their way. tee so thoughtfully improved and updated dignified place in our society. The DAV has long been engaged in pro­ the compensation program in August 1972. In an overwhelming majority of these viding assistance to the service disabled vet- Available statistical data show that overall cases a totally disabled veteran is unable to . eran through three basic VA programs, each living costs have gone up by about 12 percent, follow a gainful occupation. He very definite­ one complementing the other. These consist and that food prices are up a record-breaking ly had no opportunity to make adequate pro­ of Vocational Rehabilitation, Disability Com­ 20-25 percent. Indications are that we can vision for his surVivors. pensation, and Hospital and Medical Care. expect still further substantial increases in We think the government has a responsi­ These general forms of assistance, when retail prices in the months ahead. bility in this instance, which has so far been properly blended, wm set the handicapped Because of the evident strain on the Na­ overlooked. I might add, Mr. Chairman, that war veteran on a course that will result in tion's economy-sharpened by the energy the VA reports that "the estimated costs of rehab111tation and maximum opportunities shortage---we realize that the Committee, of the bill, if enacted, are not significant." for employment. I want to give recognition necessity, must take a searching look at pri­ We respectfully urge that the Committee here to the fact that this Committee---in its orities. However, it is imperative, in our view, give sympathetic consideration to H.R. 3017. customary bipartisan attltude--has consist­ that the integrity of the compensation dol­ ently modified these three programs to meet lar must be maintained if the Nation is to VA ACCOUNTABll.ITY ACT the changing needs of the 111 and disabled keep faith With those who served so well Mr. Chairman, we feel it is a matter of veteran-and for th!s we are genuinely grate­ at a time of crucial need and who bear the urgent concern that the Committee give ful. burden of service-incurred disablement. early cons•ideration to the pending bll!, H.R. Mr. Chairman a.ud members of the Com­ Mr. Chairman, the third feature of H.R. 5498. This measure would require Congres­ mittee, we come forward th.is year wdth what 11469, which I mentioned earlier, calls for a sional approval before the VA Administra­ I believe is a reasonable, supportable legis­ long-delayed increase in the special monthly tor could readjust the Rating Schedule; close lative program; a program that does not compensation payable for the loss of limbs medical facllities and Regional Offices; or impose upon the gov~rnment the expenditure and body organs. These a.wards were last in­ transfer real property under VA jurisdiction. of viast sums of money, a program whioh, creased on July 1, 1952, a period of almost The veterans of this country are looking With the continuing help of this Committee, twenty-two years. The DAV, in this time to this Committee and the Congress for Will improve and strengthen the structure of frame, has on numerous occasions sponsored assurance as to what the future holds for Federal benefits for the Nation's war disabled legislation to increase the present $47 them, wha.t they can expect from the Vet­ veterans and their dependents. monthly p.a.yment. erans Administration regarding the location of Regional Offices, hospitals, nursing homes DISABILITY COMPENSATION As we pointed out in previous hearings, Mr. Chairman, the Congress, in creating these and domiclliaries, and the availability of The DAV in th.is term of the 93rd Congress services in the future. We feel that H.R. is focusing primarily on the Disability Com­ special awards, recognized that there was no way to adequately compensate the veteran 5498 will provide this as·surance, and we urge pensation and Dependency and Indemnity its passage. Compensation programs. We feel that for his physical loss and the irreparable psy­ changes are essential because the high rate chological damage suffered in the service of EDUCATION AND TRAINING his oountry. Accordingly, the Congress, char­ We are grateful, Mr. Chairman, that your of inflation has been biting deaply into the acteristically, sought to repay this disabled payments received under these programs, Committee has acted so promptly this Ses­ veteran for the pain and suffering, the loss sion to improve education and training bene­ particularly in the last several months. In of physical and mental integrity which are view of this, we were deeply disappointed to fits available to America's veterans. inherent in disab111ties of this nature. We share your opinlon of the pressing need learn that the President's recent special mes­ It is our hope that the Committee, upon sage on veterans, and the budget itself, made for substantial increases in the educational reviewing the above facts and circumstances and vocational rehabilitation payments for no reference whatsoever with respect to fund­ wlll take a favorable view of our request for ing needed for improvements in the Dlsa.bn­ Vietnam veterans to bring them more in line what we feel is a very modest increase in with the benefits provided for veterans of ity Compensation and Dependency and In­ these special monthly awards; and we also earlier wars, and we vigorously support your demnity Compensation programs-a matter confidently look to the Oommittee for early efforts in this regard. considered by the DAV to be a most pressing approval of at lea.st a 15 percent increase We also commend the Chairman and mem­ order of business for this Session of Congress. in compensation rates and dependency al­ bers of the Committee for approving some We a.re grateful to you, Mr. Cha.inn.an, for lowances as proposed in H.R. 11469. of the other important provisions of your introducing, at our request, the compensa­ DEPENDENCY AND INDEMNITY COMPENSATION educational bill, suc.'.b. as lowering to ten per­ tion b111, H.R. 11469, which is now before Mr. Chairman, the DAV strongly supports cent the disability requirements for Viet­ your Committee. Your introductory rem.arks, the enactment of legislation to increase the nam veterans to receive vocational reha.blll­ appearing in the Congressional Record last present rates of Dependency and Indemnity tatlon. November 14th, were most emphatic and very Compensation payable to the widows and HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL CARE much to the point. You declared that infla­ children of deceased veterans whose deaths The Disabled American Veterans-by its tion has had a serious impact on the ade­ resulted directly from semce-connected very nature-has a deep and consuming in­ quacy of the compensation program, and it causes. In this regard, the b1ll H.R. 12300, terest in the VA Hospital and Medical Care Febr1lary 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4555 program. We are also very much aware of NATIONAL CEMETERY PROGRAM Neuffer was a fighter pilot during World the fact that the members of this Com­ Mr. Chairman, I want to express to this War II. mittee have always shared with us a very Committee our grateful appreciation for your Lieutenant Neuffer is a graduate of special concern in the health and well-being persistent efforts in bringing to enactment Wooster High School and earned a bach­ of America's ill and disabled war veterans. Public Law 93-43, the National Cemeteries elor of science degree from Ohio State We are certain that the Members of this Act of 1973. Committee will never stand by and allow Over the years the DAV has strongly sup­ University. the program to decline in quality, that you ported legislation to transfer the National I am pleased to have the opportunity will continue your efforts to see that sufficient Cemeteries to the Veterans Administration, on this happy occasion to off er my hearty funds are available to enable the VA Hos­ in the hope that it would expand the capacity congratulations to Lt. (jg.) Judy Neutfer pital System to effectively fulfill its mission. of the system to permit the burial of all eligi­ and I wish her success throughout her I think it important at this juncture to ble veterans. Navy career. bring to the Committee's notice a survey We were, therefore, concerned over the made by the DAV last year in which we re­ recent Veterans Administration Report ceived responses from several hundred vet­ which recommended only one national cem­ erans who had or were having difficulty gain­ etery in each of the ten federal regions ing admission to various VA Hospitals across and proposed a grant-in-aid program for the ESTONIANS MARK INDEPENDENCE the country. development of veterans cemeteries to be Information adduced indicated that in any operated by the states. given month, there were between 900 and We do not believe that these proposals HON. WILLIAM F. WALSH 1,000 veterans-who were already determined would fulfill the federal government's obli­ OF NEW YORK to be in need of hospital care--0n the wait­ gation to assure this Nation's veterans of an ing lists for admission to VA facilities. This opportunity for burial in a national ceme­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES situation was allowed to occur in the face of tery located reasonably close to their homes. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 specific language in the Veterans Health Care We are also unalterably opposed to the rec­ Expansion Act of 1973 (PL 93-82), which ommendations in the VA Report that would Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speruker, I would like directed the Administrator "to staff and eliminate the so-called dual burial benefits, to join with my colleagues today in maintain sufficient beds and other faclllties and the continuance of the present restric­ marking the 56th anniversary of the to insure immediate care of patients found tive eligib111ty requirements for burial at declaration of the independence of the to be in need of care and medical services". Arlington National Cemetery. Republic of Estonia, now under Soviet Similarly, the House Appropriations Com­ We respectfully request this Committee's control. · mittee, in its report on the 1974 Appropria­ most thoughtful consideration of these con­ The German-Soviet Treaty of August tions Act, expressed the will of the Congress troversial proposals when next it considers 1939, by admonishing the Administration to drop the National Cemetery program, and we 23, with its Secret Supplementary the arbitrary restrictions it had imposed, would welcome the opportunity to present Protocol, assigned the three independent which had limited available hospital faclll­ our views in greater detail at that time. Baltic Republics of Estonia, Latvia and ties :ror the care of veterans. Further, the CONCLUSION Lithuania to the Soviet sphere of in­ Committee stated that it expects the VA fluence. "to accept for treatment eligible veterans in In closing, Mr. Chairman, I again want to extend to you and the Members of the Com­ Em.ploying political coercion and the need of care, as required by law, and stands threat of military force, the U .S.S.R. ready to favorably entertain consideration of mittee my profound appreciation for giving future justified proposals submitted by the me the opportunity to appear before you. I forced Estonia, between September 28 Ad.ministration to supplement medical care also want to take this occasion to pay trib­ and October 10, 1939, to sign agreements funding in the bill". ute to the House Veterans' Affairs Com­ permitting the establishment of Soviet Despite these Congressional declarations, mittee staff. We give them special thanks for military bases on Baltic territory. many of the veterans were never admitted to their genuine interest in DAV objectives, and In June 1940 the U.S.S.R. effected a VA hospitals. They were forced to either for their compassionate regard for those who total military occupation of Estonia and seek private hospital care at their own ex­ suffered permanent disabilities as a result of milltary service. installed an unconstitutionally and un­ pense, or forego hospitalization altogether. democratically appointed pro-Soviet gov­ In a few instances, death resulted. Mr. Chairman, I have attached to my state­ At VA hospitals serving our metropolitan ment an addendum providing additional in­ ernment in the Republic. areas, veterans have waited as long as 8 formation concerning our 1974 legislative ob­ In July 1940 Estonia was illegally and hours before even seeing a physician. We jectives, and our organization's on-going forcibly incorporated into the U.S.S.R. found that veterans waited 3 and 4 hours programs. With your permission, Sir, I would The major democracies of the world­ just to have a prescription filled from the like the addendum to be made part of the including Britain, Canada, France, Italy, hospital pharmacy. hearing record. and the United States-have never rec­ We know that the Committee ls aware ognized the legality of the U.S.S.R.'s oc­ of the fact that a lack of funds or impound­ cupation and forcible incorporation of ment of funds has caused cancellation of needed medical projects and the rearrange­ FIRST NAVAL AVIATRIX FROM Estonia. ment of priorities. Arbitrary imposed person­ WOOSTER, OHIO Whereas the U.S.S.R.'s forcible incor­ nel ceilings and promotional freezes have had poration of Estonia constitutes a viola­ demoralizing, disruptive effects on personnel. tion of international treaties and of all Moreover, because of a lack of space and fa­ principles of international law, the So­ clllties, one finds hospitals turning to in­ HON. RALPHS. REGULA viet regime in these states lacks any legal creased patient turnover rates, and expanded OF OHIO basis and must be regarded only as a. use of outpatient clinics as the panacea to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES temporary military occupation. solve the growing inpatient needs of vet­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 While instances of the Soviet occupa­ erans. tion regime's oppressive policies and mal­ Mr. Chairman, these are some of the more Mr. somber facets of the VA Hospital Program. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, Ohio, the feasance are too numerous to be detailed, However, despite the gloom and doom, we are mother of flight, is proud of yet another the Estonian World Council has drawn much encouraged to find that the VA medi­ first-being the home of the first woman attention to a matter of the gravest con­ cal budget request for 1975 calls for an in­ to be admitted to the naval flight train­ cern: the systematic reduction of the crease of 8,572 employees for the Department ing program. Lt. Cjg.) Judith Neuffer, of native Estonian population. of Medicine and Surgery; for an increase in Wooster, Ohio, was the first woman in There is evidence that Soviet author­ the number of beneficiaries to be cared !or, history to be admitted to the program ities had developed plans for the large­ both on an inpatient and an outpatient and the first to solo in a Navy airplane. basis; for an increased outlay in medical and scale extermination and deportation of prosthetic research; for VA nursing care Today marks a proud occasion for Estonian nationals well in advance of units; and for construction and renovation the 16th District aviatrix, she earned her the occupation of the Baltic Republic by of VA medical fac111ties. wings as a naval pilot. Judy is the second the U.S.S.R. We trust that this Committee will do its woman to earn her wings and the chance NKVD secret order No. 001223, en­ best to see that the money appropriated for to :fly for the U.S. Navy. titled "Deportation of Anti-Soviet Ele- health care benefits wm be fully spent, that Lieutenant Neuffer began her naval ments from Lithuania, Latvia and Es­ the recent reorganization of the Department service on June 11, 1969. She was com­ of Medicine and Surgery wm be fully eval­ tonia," was signed by General Ivan Serov, uated, and that the VA Hospital system is missioned as an ensign on June 3, 1970. deputy chief of U.S.S.R. State security, preserved and maintained for the care and She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. and dated October 11, 1939. A copy of treatment of our veterans and their de­ Ray W. Neuffer, of Wooster. Flying must this infamous document was captured pendents. run in the family, for I note that Mr. by Baltic partisans in 1941 and it has 4556 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 been published in its entirety in the Third accept as valid any agreements or un­ crease in U.S. crude oil prices. In 1967 an derstandings reached which could di­ agent for our late President Johnson threat­ Interim Report of the House Select Com­ ened to virtually dismantle the U.S. oil in­ mittee on Communist Aggression. rectly or indirectly infringe upon or dustry if it did not rescind an oil price in­ Although sporadic arrests and sum­ prejudice the sovereign and inalienable crease of a fraction of a cent per gallon. And mary executions by the NKVD com­ rights of the Estonian nation as consti­ President Nixon did likewise in a speech in menced immediately after the Soviet oc­ tuted under international law and gen­ New York following a modest price increase cupation in June 1940, secret order No. erally recognized precepts of interna­ in 1970. 001223 was not executed until the night tional morality. With our tradition of a bi-partisan pollti­ of June 13-14, 1941. Under this particular cal resistance to any improvement in crude oll prices, you can understand and perhaps order 11,157 Estonian civilians of both not think too unkindly of our president sexes and of all ages were slated for ar­ when he describes you as a "radical." By our rest and deportation. AMERICAN INDEPENDENT PETRO­ standards, political leaders who triple crude It has been established that at least LEUM ALLIANCE WITH QADDAFI oil prices as you have done in three short 59, 732 persons were either executed or NOT IN PUBLIC INTEREST years certainly would appear to fit the radi­ deported from Estonia during the first cal mold. year of Soviet occupation-1940-41. HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT But you should not despair too much over When the deportation program ended in your growing unpopularity around the world. 1954, the estimate of those Estonians re­ OF CALIFORNIA When you get the feeling you don't have any IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES friends left, please be assured that this is not moved from their home country reached so. In fact, many independent crude oil pro­ 140,000. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 ducers in the U.S. of A., if asked to write More recently the Soviet occupation Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, I am not down the names of their 10 best friends, may regime has come to depend upon di:ff er­ one of those who regards the oil industry well have you somewhere on their list. "How ent means to eliminate the national and as a diabolical conspiracy against the is this so," you may ask, "that people of ethnic identity of Estonia; these means whom I have never heard consider me a involve the massive settlement of Rus­ pockets of the American people. Never­ friend?" I shall explain: sians in Estonia and a corresponding dis­ theless, I find a recent editorial in When you raised to $4.90 a barrel the price persal of Estonians over the hinterlands Petroleum Independent magazine to be of crude oil that you were selling to Oc­ of the U.S.S.R. most disturbing. In essence, this editorial cidental Petroleum this was an action that praises Libya's Muammar Qaddafi for warmed the cockles of the hearts of inde­ . This systematic program of russi:fica­ beginning the escalation of crude oil pendent producers throughout America. tion ~as proven extremely e::ff ective and prices, and urge that we have more of "Think of it," they said in amazement, "a is I>E:mg. implemented without the overt the same. president raising the price of crude oil!" apphcat1on of KGB terror, but with the I believe this article should erase any Then as they still pondered this astounding calc':ll~ted a?d methodical application of news, word came that you had raised the admm1strat1ve and economic pressures doubt that Government has an essential price to $6 a barrel! It was two days later, To date, Estonians constitute only 66.62 role to play in representing the interests perhaps coincidentally, that our president percent of the population of Estonia. of the oil-consuming public against the called you a "radical." industry. I have always favored free en­ You have contributed significantly, Mua.m­ It is clear that a campaign of this mar, to a changing attitude in America.. nature and of these proportions presents terprise as opposed to controls, but I believe recent events have made it clear Modest crude oil price increases are no a grave threat to the preservation of Es­ that controls offer our only hope of avoid­ longer looked upon as a national disaster. tonian national and ethnic identity in Some of our economics professors who for the . historic homeland of the Estonian ing dollar-a-gallon gasoline. yea.rs have convinced some of our politicians Nation. This crisis of national survival I insert in the RECORD the untitled edi­ that a plethora. of foreign oil would always has been reported by Western journal­ torial from the Petroleum Independent be available at bargain basement prices also, ists .who have. visited occupied Estonia. magazine of September-October 1973: evidently, are getting a little education in [From Petroleum Independent magazine, petroleum economics. It was you, the stal­ Their r~port~ m~icate that the program September-October 1973] wart Libyan radical, who sent them the ?f russ1fic~t1on is being intensified and message. is proceedmg currently at the rate of EDITORIAL Col. MuAMMAR QADDAFI, Because of you, American independent oil 1 percentage point per annum. . producers who warned for years that "cheap" President, Republic of Libya, r:r:h~ Estonian World Council takes the Tripoli. foreign oil would not stay "cheap" once we were hooked on it are beginning to look pos~t1on tha~ a feasible system for in­ DEAR MUAMMAR: It is difficult to take issue surmg s~cur1ty and peace in Europe can with one's leader, but it was noted with pretty good. More important, their oil­ o~ly be implemented in strict accordance regret that President Nixon made some compared with yours-looks very cheap, and for the first time in memory their price re­ w1~h ~he tenets of international and the slightly disparaging remarks about you in a prmc1ple of national self-determination recent press conference. At least, since you cently went up without the Capitol dome seem in command of things in your coun­ blowing off. the latter as defined in the United Na~ Muammar, your disappointment that tions Charter. try, we assume it was you whom Mr. Nixon had in mind when he said that radical ele­ Egypt has rejected your plan to unify with The Estonian World Council considers ments seem to be "on the ascendancy" in them into a single country has had good the nullification of the German-Soviet places like Libya. publicity here. If they continue to hold out, Treaty of 1939 with respect to the Baltic The purpose of this letter is not to apolo­ you might try unifying with Texas where Republics and the repudiation of the so­ gize for our President, which would be pre­ they have suffered from low oil prices for called Brezhnev doctrine essential pre­ sumptuous, but merely to let you know that years. Meanwhile, do not be surprised if one conditions for reaching any valid, per­ you are not entirely unappreciated in our of our independent oil organizations should country. Many people consider you to be, at send you an honorary membership, or at mane?-t agreements regarding European lea.st a Certificate of Appreciation. security. best, a misguided zealot, and at worst, an upstart radical who does little to honor his Sincerely, The Estonian World Council respect­ commitments. This image is nat helped when LLOYD UNSELL. fully urges the Western World to direct you take over companies that spent their tal­ their initiatives toward seeking with­ ent and money to find and develop your oil­ drawal of Soviet occupation forces and fields. administrative apparatus from the ter­ These actions make you appear to be a PERSONAL EXPLANATION ritory of the Republic of Estonia the hard man to deal with, but regardless of all this, there are some Americans who recognize frontiers of which have been deter~ined that you do have some redeeming qualities, HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN under prior international agreements, so including one that is distinctive. A rare sense OF NEW JERSEY that a return to independent statehood of the true value of good low-sulphur crude IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES could be effective in accordance with oil and the good sense to demand hard cur­ still-valid laws of the Republic, with rency for same. The instinct for pricing crude Wednesday, February 27, 1974 amendments in accordance with the sov­ oil at its real worth is a unique quality for a Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, the RECORD politician--even if he does own the oil. ereign will of the Estonian people. It may be this trait, in fact, that prompts for February 26, lists me as not voting In their unwavering determination to our president to look upon you as a radical. on roll No. 43, the vote on the rule for regain their lost freedom and national You see, Muarnmar, American presidents have H.R. 2, Employee Benefit Security Act. sovereignty, the Estonian people will not a long tradition of frowning upon any in- Contrary to what was recorded, I was February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4557 present and did, in fact, vote "aye" on !shed, it would have allowed a greater amount in the cost of domestic crude petroleum. In the resolution. of foreign oil to be imported, and it would both cases the refiners could also have taken have lessened the depletion rate of our own steps to lessen the increases. domestic reserves. However, Nixon failed to When the president's task force recom­ act on this recommendation. So now we have mended abolishing the 011 Import Control both limited domestic reserves and a limited program in 1970, it should have been done. AN UNNECESSARY SHORTAGE chance to meet our needs in the world The program required using our domestic oil markets. reserves, while it limited importation of oil HON. CARDISS COLLINS ARAB OIL from other countries. But the program would The Arab embargo has not helped matters have decreased the oil companies' profits, so OF ll.J,.tNOIS for us, except to finally alert us to the fact Nixon ignored the recommendation. Thus, a,, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that there ls a national fuel shortage in long as the oil companies have the president Wednesday, February 27, 1974 America. It is difficult to determine the exact on their side, they will continue to drain extent of America's dependency on Arab oll our domestic reserves and to reap even big­ Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, because the federal government does not reg­ ger profl ts. the March 1974 issue of Encore magazine ularly monitor the amount of Arab oil im­ In November 1972 the Department of the contained an excellent article concern­ ported on products that are refined abroad Interior sent telegrams to all major refineries by U.S.- or foreign-based corlJora.tions, which requesting that they increase output from 89 ing the current fuel shortage. The article percent of capacity to 93 percent of capacity. deals with both the causes and effects do a great deal of business in this country. Estimates do show, however, that about 25 The refineries refused to do this, although it of this shortage and shows which groups percent of all our oil imports have come from was well within their ab111ty. This would will be most affected by it. The article Arab sources, which represents about 10 per­ have diminished the crisis by a large extent. was written by our colleague from New cent of our total oil consumption. Compara­ Obviously, legislation providing for direct York, the chairman of the Congressional federal regulation of petroleum and petro­ tively, for some European nations and Japan leum processing must be enacted by Con­ Black Caucus, Congressman CHARLES B. the embargo has spelled potential disaster, gress to prevent future crisis, and to guard RANGEL. I believe that the Members of since their dependency on Arab oil is greater against the United States' vulnerab111ty to the Congress should read this article for than ours. (The United Kingdom receives oligopolistic practices by oil companies. the very incise appraisal that this crisis 70-80 percent of their oil from Arab sources, France receives 70-80 percent, Germany re­ GOVERNMENT INSENSITIVITY has demanded. ceives 70 percent, and Japan receives 40 The impact of the energy crisis ls affecting The article follows: percent.) and will continue to affect every one of us, AN UNNECESSARY SHORTAGE Although the United States makes up only in every aspect of our lives. The planning (By Congressman CHARLES B. RANGEL) 6 percent of the world's population, it uses that is underway for dealing with the energy Harlem-born Charles B. Rangel represents 35 percent of the world's energy supply. A crisis is being conducted without any sensi­ New York's Nineteenth Congressional Dis­ significant reason for this disproportionate tivity or concern for the special needs, such trict, which includes East Harlem and the amount of energy consumption ls the enor­ as heating, of the inner-city poor. The secre­ upper west side, in the U.S. Congress. A prac­ mous demand for goods, including powered taries of the Department of Housing and ticing attorney since 1960, he ls a member appliances, to maintain high standards of Urban Development (HUD) and the Depart­ of the House Committee on D.C. Home Rule living. Americans, however, must begin to ment of Health, Education, and Welfare and the House Judiciary Committee-which realize that it requires large amounts of en­ (HEW), and the director of the Office of ls currently conducting hearings on possible ergy (crude oil and petroleum products) to Economic Opportunity should all be present impeachment of the president. Congressman manufacture all those goods and power those at meetings of the president's energy advisory Rangel won the Bronze Star and Purple Heart appliances. Furthermore, they must be aware committees. Essentially, the president has in Korea, served two terms in the New York that the point has been reached in which spoken only of actions citizens can take to State Assembly, ran for president of the New conspicuous consumption of energy must be help during the crisis. He has failed to say York City Council, and has held numerous reduced and some material inconveniences what impact the crisis will have on America government legal posts, receiving appoi:mt­ accepted. particularly the American inner-city poor'. ments from former Attorney General Robert The embargo represents a loss of approxi­ It is in unemployment that the urban poor mately 3 mlllion barrels of on per day or most strongly feel the result of the energy Kennedy and former President Lyndon John­ crisis. They are aware that the decline In son. He ls presently associated with many about 16 percent of our estimated 19 m1111on barrels per day needed to accommodate our per capita industrial production means sub­ legal and civil rights organizations. An ex­ sequent dismissals and layoffs for them. Pre­ tensive legal background and many years of average needs this winter. The approximate 3 million barrels per day deficit includes all dictions on how high unemployment may go government service render this Harlem-born range from 6 percent to 8 percent. In minor­ Democrat highly qualified to analyze and the nation's primary petroleum needs for crude oil and distillate and residua.I fuel. The ity communities, in which unemployment ls critique the government's handling of the usually at least double the national average, energy crisis. embargo also makes it extremely difficult to acquire additional petroleum, and in places unemployment may reach 20 percent. This nation's inability to develop a na­ Job losses will continue as long as the tional energy policy is the major reason why in which stocks do exist prices have skyrock­ eted. Prior to Nixon's decision in December petroleum shortage continues. The industries we are faced With the current energy crisis. hit hardest are those that use steel, alumi­ As late as 1952 the National Commission on to boost energy prices, the composite profit of the oll industry showed a substantial 63 num, copper, plastics, and synthetic textiles, Materials Policy urged that a national energy as well as travel and travel-oriented com­ policy be coordinated by one agency, which percent increase from September 1972 to Sep­ tember 1973. panies. This means there Will be fewer sales would research and analyze energy needs. for "mom-and-pop" stores, restaurants, and However, this agency was never created, and THE HIGH COST OF REFI-NING fast food businesses, which are common in during the two decades and more that have While oil companies are making tremen­ minority communities. passed since this recommendation was made, dous profits during this fuel shortage, the In the health area the oll shortage Will the nation's energy pollcies have been public ls being gouged by retail prices, which take a great toll. Again, the urban poor wm "guided by various federal agencies with are set according to the wholesale price in­ be affected. To a large extent, they wlll suffer i0verlapping and sometimes conflicting creases on all sources of energy. Noticeably, because of insufficient heating. powers. wholesale energy prices had Increased 47 More needs to be learned about the effects To say the least, the NLii:on administration percent for 1973 as of last November. of lower temperatures on health. HEW say• denied an oil short!lge was even forthcoming. The control of the oil industry over pe­ that lower temperatures will mean- And it has yet to develop an energy program troleum and other sources of energy, through . Increased basal metabolic, heart, and res­ that is essential to our immediate and long­ all stages of exploration. refinement, and re­ p1ratory rates, and increased transinission of range well-being. ta.11 price establishment, is far too dominant respiratory illness from crowding in a small Such leadership has characterized the ad­ and is exercised without adequate federai area. for warmth; ministration's mishandling of the energy regulation. · A need for increased caloric intake· matter from the beginning. In the past three According to the cost of living Phase IV Schools will close, which may prevent 'some years, seven different people nave been "in guidelines, increases in prices are initiated by children from getting their only well-bal­ charge" of energy policy. And before 1971 no the refiners. If the refiners' costs increase, anced meal; one dealt specifically with energy policy. the increase is passed on to the wholesaler. Increased probability of illness to vulner­ The Nixon administration refused to imple­ who passes it on to the retailer. Finally it able groups such as pregnant women, in­ ment a mandatory allocation program, even reaches the public. The increase of prices for fants, school-aged children, the chronically after thousands of independent gasoline serv­ petroleum products throughout the nation iii\ m, the elderly, and the poor, because of ice stations and small refiners had to close subject to the increased costs of refiners. nutritional deficiency; down because they lacked petroleum supplies. Curiously, most refineries are owned by major Hazards to persona.I safety from conversion Four years ago a Nixon cabinet task force oil companies. The refiner has two excuses for to alternative heating methods, which recommended abolishing the 011 Import Con­ increasing his prices: the increase in the might result in suffocation from emissions. trol program. If this program had been abol- cost of imported petroleum., or the increase explosions, fire, or electrical danger. 4558 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 Increased mental illness, suicide, serious Office that spreads crude oil supplies equally The ruling has also discouraged companies crime, alcoholism, and drug abuse; among all refineries in the United States. short of crude oil from any attempt to get Aggravation of the chronic diseases, the The ruling may account for the sudden de­ crude overseas. One company that bought most common being hypothyroidism, periph­ cline in imports of crude oil into the United crude turned a.round on the same day and eral vascular disorders, arthritis, severe con­ States. February imports of crude oil in the refused. an offer of Algerian oil it would have stricting chest pa.ins, and diabetes. first two weeks were down a.bout 1 million had to pay a higher price to get. CHANGING LIFESTYLE barrels a day, the equivalent of more than Many major oil companies claim the rul­ The effect of the energy crisis on the econ­ 290 million gallons of gasoline so far this ing has disrupted refinery efficiency, by tak­ omy as a whole will be an increase in the month. ing crude oil a.way from modern refineries rate of inflation. Although the economics The ruling which went into effect Feb. 1 and giving it to the older ones. of energy and its impact on growth is not calls on a.11 refiners to share equally the sup­ One refiner in East Texas was a warded widely understood even by economists, it is ply of crude oil in the United States, whether 500,000 barrels of crude oil to run through a apparent that as energy shortages continue the oil was produced in the United States 12-yea.r-old refinery that leaks more than 10 production will decrease and the prices of or imported from a.broad. per cent of the product into the air and scarcer products wlll increase. For example, Saying that the Energy Office made the ground. Another outside of Chicago was given making plywood requires a great deal of in­ ruling only because it was required t;o by the two million barrels o! oil, but it is not even tensive energy materials. If there are fewer Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act of 1973, sure it can have its ancient refinery (once energy eources, plywood production will have Federal Energy Director William E. Simon owned by Cities Service and abandoned to be decreased. Thus, the price of what is asked Congress this week to change the law yea.rs ago) in shape to refine the oll. produced will increase, and every business to delete the mandatory crude oil allocation using plywood wlll have to increase its price program. BIG OIL CONCERNS ARE CUTI'ING BACK to account for the increase in the price of "The present rigid provisions of the crude IMPORTS OF CRUDE plywood. Therefore, the plywood used in the oil allocation program are creating the very (By Michael C. Jensen) construction of apartment building will cost problems we anticipated, and warned Con· WASHINGTON, February 21.--SOme of the more to buy and wlll increase the cost per gress of la.st summer, and serve t;o defeat the na:tion's major oil companies are deliberately apartment. And the rent for the apartment very purposes of the program," he said. reducing their imports of crude oil because will also be affected. This kind of price in­ The aim was partly to keep independent they are unhappy with the Government's al­ crease cha.in wlll affect many industries and rafiners in business and partly to spread gaso­ location program for crude, according to businesses, and all consumers. line supplies a.round the country as much as Administration sources close t;o the energy The environment will also reflect changes possible. situation. resulting from the energy crisis. Abundant What has happened is that many of the As a result, the refining of gasoline and a.mounts of high-sulphur fuels, such as major oil companies a.re suddenly suffering fuel oil for use by motorists, home owners coal, will be used to compensate for the la.ck from a crude oil shortage, mostly because the and businesses in the United States ls being of petroleum products for use by industries, Energy Office has ordered them to sell crude held below anticipated levels. office buildings, schools, and apartment oil to companies short of crude oil. Under the crude oil allocation program, in­ The companies felt to be short of crude oil itiated several weeks a.go, many of the na.· buildings. include some of the largest independents in In short, everyone and every sector of so­ tion's refiners are required t;o share their ciety will definitely be affected in one way the United States, such as Coastal States Oil crude oil with competitors who have less oil. or another by the energy crisis. Such an out­ Co., Crown Oil Co. and Commonwealth The decline in imports is particularly criti­ come is inevitable. Oil Co. cal because a la.ck of crude oil ls blamed for But they also include the nation's giants. much of the current gasoline shortage. The energy office has identified as companies that do not have enough crude for their re­ SHARP DECLINE IN IMPORTS fineries Texaco, Inc., Getty Oil Co., Arco, Imports of crude oil, already depressed by SHARING OF CRUDE on.. HAS momc Standard. 011 Co. (Ohio), Marathon Oil Co. the Arab oil embargo against the United RESULTS and Ashland Oil & Refinery Co. States have dropped sharply in recent weeks. Under the energy office ruling, other oil "One major company told me Tuesday that majors have been told to sell crude oil to it had quit importing altogether," said an HON. JAMES R. JONES their oompetitors. The companies told to sell Administration source. "They said: 'the hell OF OKLAHOMA crude include Cities Service, Shell, Exxon, with it. It's not worth it.' " The Federal Energy Office also is not happy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mobil, Continental, Amerada-Hess, Gulf, Phillips and Standard Oil Co. (California). with the allocation program, which was or­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Mobil was told to sell by May 1 four mil· dered by Congress. In fact, Wlllia.m E. Simon, lion barrels of oil, Conoco 5.5 mllllon barrels, chief of the Federal Energy Office, earlier this Mr. JONES of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, Shell 6.8 million barrels, Amerada-Hess 7.9 week called on Congress t;o cancel the pro­ when Congress passed the Emergency mlllion barrels and Gulf 11.6 million barrels. gram, and warned that it could result in a Petroleum Allocation Act last year, zeal Gulf's reaction was to sue the Federal holdback in imports. surpassed logic. The consequences of in­ Energy Office, calling its action "confisca­ The American Petroleum Institute an­ cluding crude oil in the allocation pro­ tory." Gulf said it had enough crude oil to nounced today that the daily average of gram are now being manifested in de­ operate its refineries at 91 per cent of ca­ crude oil imports had fallen in the la.st two creasing petroleum supplies. pacity and would ha.ve to cut back to 81 per weeks from an earlier level of a.bout 2.8 Inil­ In that good faith effort to maintain cent because o! the move by the energy lion barrels a day, to a.bout 1.9 million barrels office. a day, a decline of more than 30 per cent. smaller, independent refineries, Congress "Without a doubt," said Z. D. Bonner, There a.re 42 gallons in a barrel. has caused regulations to be issued which Gulf's executive vice president, "this a.mounts MOBIL COURSE UNCERTAIN force oil companies to sell crude oil to to the unwarranted and, we feel, the unlaw­ Part of the decline was attributed to an other companies, including competitors. ful taking of private property." effort by Canada to retain more of her crude Severe crude shortages are now being ex­ The buyers of oil from crude-rich com­ oil. Much of it, however, was la.id to "disin­ perienced by numerous companies, and panies such as Gulf include companies with centives" provided by the Government's al­ worst of all, imports have been cut back. whom Gulf competes on a. nationwide basis. location program. As one oil executive put it: Texaico was told it could buy 1.6 mllllon bar­ Ra.wleigh Warner Jr., chairman of the Mo­ rels of oil in the 90 days starting Feb. 1, Why should we import it, take the risks t;o bil Oil Corporation, the nation's second larg­ Getty 3.5 million barrels, Sohio four mlllion, est oil company, declined to comment on get the oil over here, and simply turn it over Ashland 4.2 million and Arco 4.2 million. t;o somebody else? whether Mobil was cutting back imports. But The pricing standards used for the sales he conceded that oil companies have an in­ I am hopeful that within the next few a.re felt by suc.h comoa.nies as Gulf and Mobil centive to use their foreign crude oil in off­ days, corrective legislation will be in­ to be inadequate. The energy office has said shore refineries, rather than bringing it into troduced to remedy this serious problem. they may charge what they pa.id plus a the United States. 6 per cent commission, plus an 84 cent-a.­ "To the extent that large refineries may Detailing the adverse impact of allo­ barrel profit. have used their crude oil outside the United cating crude oil are the following articles More important, the ruling apparently has States, less crude oil is being imported into from the Washington Post and the New discouraged many companies from importing the United States to the detriment of the York Times, which I encourage each of oil they were buying from Venezuela., Nigeria, American consumer," he said. you to read. Iran and Libya. One reason is the 84-cent Under the Government program, Mobil profit. which many companies have decided is has been ordered to sell more than 4 million The articles follow: not enough at today's high crude oil prices barrels of crude oil to competitors during SHARING OF CRUDE OIL HAS AN IRONIC RESULT to warrant shipment to the United States. the three-month period that began Feb. 1. (By Thomas O'Toole) The result is that more oil is now going Some companies have argued that if they One reason for the growing shortage of to Japan and Western Europe, whose refin­ continue to buy high-priced imported oll, gasoline in the United States appears to be a eries are operating at higher rates than U.S. which they are then forced to sell at a lower controversial ruling by the Federal Energy refineries for the first time. price, reflecting a mix of imported and do- February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4559 mestic oil, they will lose money on such Mother Katharine Drexel founded the man Francis, now President of Xavier Uni­ transactions. Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament, and by versity, was taught at Xavier Prep by Mother Some companies also say they are opposed Katharine Drexel's Sisters; the Navajo In­ devoting her life and sharing her own dian, Dr. Sam Billlson was taught at St. to selling crude oil to large competitors such personal wealth with others much less as Texa~o. which has been allocated 1.6 mil­ Michael's Indian School in Arizona by Mother lion barrels under the Government's pro­ fortunate she was a living example to all Katharine's Sisters. Opera South of Jackson, gram. and a guiding force for good. The order, Mississippi, had a.s its first director one of A week ago the Gulf 011 Corporation filed located in Cornwells Heights, Pa., car­ Mother Katharine's teaching Sisters, Sister suit in United States district court against ries on the service she began in 1891. Mary Elise. Sister is now in close touch with Mr. Simon, challenging the validity of the It has been 10 years since the opening Opera Ebony of New York City. These profes­ allocation program. o::: the cause for the beatification of sionals will use their musical talents during Z. D. Bonner, executive vice president of the concelebrated Mass on March 10th in Gulf, later said the program would cause less Mother Katharine Drexel, and this occa­ thanksgiving to God for giving America such gasoline to be made. He called it a "major sion will be marked by a concelebrated a. great woman. disincentive for anyone who has access to Mass at the Cathedral of Saints Peter foreign crude oil to import it." and Paul in Philadelphia on March 10. "Why should we import it, take the risks, All who share in appreciation and thanks THE WAY TO END LONG GAS LINES get the oil over here, and simply turn it for the work done by Mother Katharine over to somebody else?" he asked. Drexel and the Sisters of the Blessed Sac­ A spokesman for the Phlllips Petroleum rament wish the Sisters continued suc­ HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT Company, which has been ordered to sell cess in their most worthy mission. OF CALIFORNIA nearly 4 million barrels of crude oil to com­ petitors under the allocation program, said I would like to share a tribute to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES there was little doubt that it would reduce Mother Katharine Drexel written by Sis­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 imports. ter Consuela Marie Duffy, author of "It hasn't affected us yet, because we have "Katharine Drexel: A Biography," and Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, as I already contracted for the first three provide additional information about stated on the floor of the House today, months," he said. "But we certainly aren't the March 10 Mass to my colleagues and there is a way to end the long gas lines going to be hunting for foreign crude like all other interested persons: and at the same time, restore some sem­ we would have." AMERICAN OF AMERICANS blance of sanity to the decaying energy OIL KEPT OUTSIDE UNITED STATES (By Mother Katharine Drexel) situation without having to resort to The Phillips spokesman also alleged that more Government controls and interfer­ "several very large companies" were keeping Born: Nov. 26, 1858. ence in the economy. their foreign crude oil outside the United Entered Religion: May 6, 1889. Founded a new Congregation: Feb. 12, 1891. Newsweek columnist, Dr. Milton Fried­ States, instead of using it in their domestic man, in the March 4, 1974, issue gives us refineries. Legal Title: The Sisters of the Blessed Sac- "We all recognize that the Arab embargo rament for Indians and Colored People. a solution to this problem: of crude oil shipments to the United States Died: March 3, 1955. FEO AND THE GAS LINES will have the effect of reducing refinery runs People speak of her with admiration! Some (By Milton Friedman) with unbelief! Others with the thrilling real­ in this country to something less than 100 As I write this in Chicago, lines are form­ per cent," he added. ization that in this woman is a symbol of our country's greatness. ing at those gas stations that are open. The "But it ls beyond our belief that there is exasperated motorists a.re cursing: the serv­ not more than 76 per cent of our refining America's wealth is tarnished by the exist­ ence of neglected areas, congested living ice-station attendants are fuming; the poli­ capacity available." ticians are promising. The one thing few The Federal Energy Office has set 76 per quarters, actual poverty. Cultural advance­ ment and scientific progress are weighed in people seem to be doing is thinking. cent a.s the overall average for domestic re­ How is it that for years past, you and I finery capacity that can be utilized if crude the balance with poor educational faclllties in some areas-with forbidden educational have been able to find gas stations open at oil supplies a.re evenly distributed to the almost any hour of the day or night , and nation's refineries. opportunities in others. Our love of liberty blushes before the discrimination which is have been able to drive up to them with In addition to diverting crude oil to complete confidence that the request to "fill Europe and Japan, some major oil companies still all too apparent in the "land of liberty". As an American, Mother Katharine could up" would be honored with alacrity and even a.re channeling increasing a.mounts of their with a cleaning of the windshield? To judge crude oil to their refineries in the Caribbean, personally lay claim to great wealth, educa­ tion, culture, love of liberty, and certainly a from the rhetoric that pollutes the air these according to one industry source. days, it must have been because there was a Such companies then sell the refined deep love of God. But she is America's sym­ bol of what is best in all of these because in powerful Federal Energy Office hidden some­ product s ma.de from the crude, which are where in the underground dungeons in not subject to allocation, in the United place of the counteracting evils so prevalent, she has given America reason to lift her head Washington, in which an invisib!e William States. Simon was efficiently allocating petroleum Some independent refiners also have used an exclaim "God has blessed America". With her rich cultural background and her products throughout the land, riding herd the allocation program a.s an excuse for can­ on greedy oil t ycoons lusting for an oppor­ celing contracts with overseas suppliers own fine education, she realized the need for higher education for her beloved Indians and tunity to mess things up and create long such as Nigeria, the source said. "Why lines at their gas stations. should they pay the high price when they Black People. God-given riches were used by her to build elementary and high schools with Of course, we know very well that the can get crude from the majors for less situation is precisely the reverse. The lines money," he said. the culmination of all being Xavier U'liver­ sity in New Orleans, Louisiana.. date from the creation of a real Federal En­ Mother Katharine Drexel lived her life as ergy Office run by a very visible, able and an attestation to the equality of all men. articulate Wllliam Simon. Which is the She knew God sent His Son to all men. In ca.us~ and which the effect? Did the lines MOTHER KATHARINE DREXEL AND her is a symbol of America's greatness. produce the FEO or the FEO t h e lines? THE SISTERS OF THE BLESSED CONSIDER WEST GERMANY SACRAMENT TENTH ANN:rvERSARY CELEBRATION After the Arabs cut output, German y im­ In 1964, John Cardinal Krol, Archlbishop of posed no price controls on petroleum prod­ Philadelphia., formally opened the way for ucts. It did initially rest rict Sunday driving HON. EDWARD G. RIESTER, JR. th e study, in Rome, of t he life and works of but soon removed that restraint. The price OF PENNSYLVANIA this Phlladelphian. of petroleum products jumped some 20 or IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Now, in 1974, a fitting celebration marking 30 per cent, but there were no long lines, no the tenth Anniversa-y of the opening of the disorganization. The greedy consumers found Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Cause for the beat ification of Mot her Kath­ it in their own interest to conserve oll in Mr. BIESTER. Mr. Speaker, for sev­ arine Drexel is taking place in the Cathedral the most painless way. The greedy oil tycoons eral generations the Sisters of the of SS. Peter and Paul, Philadelphia, Pennsyl­ found it in their own interest to see to it vania, on March 10th at 2:30 P.M. that petroleum products were available for Blessed Sacrament have dedicated their The Cathedral on 18th Street and the those able and willing to pay the price. lives and have toiled unceasingly to en­ Parkway will be filled with people from all Other European countries, like the U.S., courage the American people to share the walks of life honoring this great American imposed price controls. And, like us, th ey riches of the Nation with their fellow woman who willingly made use of her im­ had cha.cs. citizens who are less fortunate. The order mense wealth not for her own comfort but The Arab cut in output can be blamed has as its special mission service to In­ as a means of enriching the poor. for higher prices, but it cannot be blamed dians and blacks, and its efforts over the Mother Katharine Drexel spent her money for the long lines. Their creation required years have been diligent and tireless. helping others to help themselves. Dr. Nor- the cooperat ion of shortsighted governments. 4560 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 The world crisis is now past its peak. The December 16, 1973, I am delighted to to say, that during my time they were few initial quadrupling of the price a! crude oil insert it at this point in my remarks: and far between, and I'm sure the same after the Arabs cut output was a temporary condition exists now." response that has been working its own cure. FARLEY IN NOSTALGIC TALK; RECALLS "GOOD Farley served as Postmaster General from Higher prices induced consumers to econo­ OLD DAYS" . March 4, 1933, until Aug. 31, 1940 He left mize and other producers to step up output. (By Tom Phillips) the department and resigned as National rt takes time to adjust, so these reactions If you are among the many disatisfied Democratic Chairman because he disagreed will snowball. In order to keep prices up, the customers of the U.S. Post Office Department, with President Roosevelt's seeking a third Arabs would have to curtail their output by some of whom have waited three days for term. "I had very strong convictions on that," ever larger amounts. But even l! they cut a letter to be delivered around a corner, and he said. "It was the most dlffi.cult decision their output to zero, they could not for long wish for the "good old days," you are in good I ever had to make in my life. I was closely keep the world price of crude at $10 a barrel. company. associated with him from 1924 when I first Well before that point, the cartel would col­ And, you may take solace in knowing that met him in Madison Square Garden when lapse. the greatest ex-Postmaster General living to­ he presented the name of Alfred E. Smith, The effects of consumer and producer reac­ day, Jim Farley, does not subscribe to the the Governor of New York, in nomination tions are already showing up. The European newly devised corporation-type system for the presidency on the Democratic ticket." countries that introduced rationing and re­ with which we are burdened. And he has told Farley and Roosevelt had an extremely strictions on driving have eliminated them. the postmasters how he feels about it. close relationship. The only disagreement, World oil prices are weakening. They will Jim Farley was having breakfast last Sun­ Farley said, was over the third term. "I was soon tumble. When that occurs, it will reveal day morning in the Waldorf-Astoria with sorry to have to do that," he said. "But, I felt how superficial are the hysterical cries that Jim Law, who was the postmaster at Wilkes­ it was the only course for me to follow. we have come to the end of an era and Barre when the man from Grassy Point, N.Y., Frankly, I have no regrets. I know it ca.used must revolutionize our energy-wasting way headed the Post Office Department. They a lot of difficulties at the time, and in addi­ of life. What we have been witnessing is not were discussing Parley's speech to the post­ tion to that it severed a personal relation­ the end of an era but simply shortsighted­ masters at their recent conclave at Concord, ship which I felt very sad about, but there ness. N.Y. The writer, no postal authority, was was nothing very much I could do about tt." At home, unfortunately, our problems will with them. He listened attentively to the The genial Farley said he will never forget not be over so soon. The panicky FEO forced experts." the early days of President Roosevelt's ad­ oil companies to shift so much production to "Personia.lly," Fairley said, "I wasn't in ministration. "That first hundred-day ses­ heating oil that we face a glut of heating oil favor of the new setup in the Post Office sion of the Congress was the greatest hun­ but a paucity of gasoline. The FEO's alloca­ Department. I thought it should have re­ dred days in the history of this Republic," tions among states have starved some, amply mained as it was down through the years, he commented. "The legislation that was supplied others. Its order that refineries op­ as a cabinet office, and should have remained passed under the able leadership of FDR, erating at high levels must sell oil to those in the condition it existed during all those assisted by the Democratic leaders in the operating at low levels sounds fine. In prac­ years. The reason I felt that way about it House and in the Senate, saved the capi­ tice, however, it reduces the incentive for is because of my admiration for the career talistic system of this country and saved the the recipients to buy oil abroad and produces men and women in the Post Office Depart­ country itself." He then added: "During a wasteful use of oil at home. ment, and they were dedicated, as were those those days the Republicain leaders in the We have the worst o! both worlds; long under them 1n every Post Office in the United House and Senate wholeheartedly cooperated lines and sharply higher prices-indeed, States." with President Roosevelt. otherwise, that higher than I believe they would have been The listener thought: Those were the legislation wouldn't have been passed so without the waste resulting from FEO con­ good old days. the days when we got yester­ hurriedly and would not have been so effec­ trols. day's mail the following morning, and the tive. I always felt they were entitled to a Is rationing the solution? Far from it. It morning mail in the aft.ernoon. In many great deal of tribute, a great deal of praise is the problem. We already have rationing of cases two deliveries a day. And the first­ for being so non-partisan in their attitude producers and distributors. Coupon ration­ in those years." class mailing rate, within memory, wa.s two There are many today, especially in the ing of final consumers would simply be the cents, then three cents, then four cents, hair of the dog that bit you. Post Office Department, who look upon Far­ then six cimts, then eight cents, and now is ley as the greatest postmaster since Ben­ ABOLISH FEO threatened to skyrocket to a staggering 10 jamin Franklin. Franklin, it is recorded, was The way to end long lines at gas stations cents. And all other forms of mail service disturbed by the poor service of the colonial ts to abolish FEO and end all controls on the also has risen in costs. postal service. Hoping to improve matters, prices and allocation of petroleum products. Farlev, who :nad a birthday last M1tv · ... he agreed to become Philadelphia's post­ Within a few weeks, your friendly dealer he's 85 . . . st111 retains his sharpness and master in 1737. In 1753 he became deputy would again be cleaning your windshield keenness of intellect. He has slimmed rlown postmaster general for all the colonies. He with a smile. somewhat, but apparently elljOys robust worked hard at the job and introduced many How can thinking people believe that a health. reforms. He set up the first city delivery sys­ government that cannot deliver the mail can Although he served two terms under the tem and the first Dead-Man office. He lllion, including $800 million for tion by the U.S. over fiscal 1974-78, with a corded during the year, it ls unwieldy and public works grants; $170 million for public maximum of $10-million for fiscal 1974, to impractical to include them all in this works and business development loans; $50 the U.N. Environmental Fund for interna­ million for technical assistance and re­ tional environmental concerns (yea 266; nay listing. Procedural and routine votes, 123), yea. minor aanendments, quorum calls and search; $50 mlllion for growth centers and economic development districts, and $152.5 H.R. 7200: Amend Railroad Retirement Act votes dealing solely with the congres­ milllon for regional action planning com­ and the Railroad Retirement Tax Act to ex­ sional responsibility for governing the .missions (yea 278; nay 108), yea. tend temporary retirement benefit increases District of Columbia have been omitted. H.R. 5446: Extend for one year the Solid through Dec. 31, 1974 and to liberalize eligi­ The following compilation represents a Waste Disposal Act of 1965 authorizing for bility requirements for railroad retirement general consensus of what were the Fiscal 1974 $238.5 million (yea 392; nay 2), (yea 387; nay 5), yea. significant votes of the past year, based yea. S. 518: To override Veto of bill passed May on the Congressional Quarterly, the in­ H.R. 5445: Extend for one yea.r the Clean 1 giving Senate retroactive approval over Air Act of 1970 authorizing for FiscaJ. 1974 incumbent Director and Deputy Director o! terest shown by the public and the news $475 million (yea 387; na.y 1), yea.. Office of Management and Budget (yea 236; media, and the opinions of my col­ H.R. 3577: Adopt conference report to ex­ nay 178), nay. leagues in the House. I believe lt covers tend the interest equalization tax to other H.R. 7528: Authorize $3.1-billlon for the the substantive issues to come before this nations by removing the incentive for for­ National Aeronautics and Space Administra­ body. eigners to borrow funds in the U.S. and for tion for fiscal 1974 for the U.S. space program There ls probably not a single con­ Americans to invest in foreign securities and related activities (yea 322; nay 73), yea. stituent of mine who would agree with bearing higher interest rates from March 31, H.R. 6912: Authorize the Secretary of the me on each and every vote, but this 1973 to June 30, 1974 (yea 396; nay 18), yea. Treasury to revise the international par H.R. 5683: Amend the Rural Electrification value of the dollar; provide for private own­ record reflects a sincere attempt to repre­ Act to establish a revolving fund ma.de up ership of gold in the U.S. and to authorize sent the best interests of my constituents in part of current Rural Electrification Ad­ $2.25-b1llion for international developmen~ and my district. I believe they have a ministration assets for insured and guaran­ lending institutions (yea. 281; nay 36), yea. right to be provided with this informa­ teed loans to rural electric and telephone H.R. 5857: Authorize $8.68-mill1on to tion. systems at subsidized interest rates below complete the renovation of Washington's The lnformation follows: commercial loan rates (yea 31 '7; nay 92), nay. Union Station as a. National Visitor Center R.R. 3298: To override Veto of R.E.A.P. pro­ and to direct the Secretary of the Interior Election of the Speaker of the House to provide for transportation services be· (Albert 236; Ford 188), Ford. gram originally passed February 7 (yea 225, nay 189), nay. tween the center and points in the capital H. Res. 132: Create special committee to (yea 288; nay 75), yea. study role, jurisdiction and procedures of H.R. 3180: Clarify the use of the franking privilege by members of Congress and to H.R. 7806: Authorize $1.27-b1111on to ex­ the standing committees of the House yea tend 12 expiring health programs through 282; nay91), yea. establish a select commission to advise Congressmen and decide grievances (yea 354; fiscal 1974 (yea 372; nay 1), yea. H.R. 2107: To require the Secretary of H.R. 6458: Authorize $145-milllon for fiscal Agriculture to carry out the R.E.A.P. pro­ nay 49) , yea. years 1974-76 for grants to local communities gram of farm subsidies (yea 251; nay 142) H.J. Res. 496: Authorize urgent supple­ to plan, establish or initially operate emer­ nay. mental appropriations for fiscal 1973 of $26.8- gency medical care systems and for research H.J. Res. 345: Extend through June 30 mlllion for CAB, $468-mlllion for Veterans and training in emergency medical services funding for Departments of Labor and Administration, $872-million for college (yea 261; nay 92), yea. Health, Education and Welfare at annual student aid programs and $1.8-mllllon for H.R. 8070: Authorize $660-mlllion for fiscal level of $29.8-blliion and foreign mllitary and GSA (yea 367; nay 0), yea. 1974 a.nd $690-mllllon for fiscal 1975 for re­ economic a.id programs at annual level of H.R. 6168: Extend President's authority to habilitation services grants to the states and •3.6-blllion for remainder of fiscal 1973 (yea control wages and prices for one year to April other sums as necessary for special rehablli· 311; nay 73) yea. 30, 1974 (yea 293; nay 114), yea. ta.tlon programs (yea 384; na.y 13). yea. 4562 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 H.R. 7935: Increase the hourly minimum Labor and the Office of Economic Opportu­ sistance, $632-mlllion for Indochina postwar wage to extend coverage to about 6 million nity for fiscal 1974 (yea 347; nay 58), yea. reconstruction, $1.15-billion for foreign mili­ workers and to extend overtime pay coverage H.R. 7447: Pass over the President's Veto, tary assistance and credit sales, and for fl.seal to certain employees previously exempted $3,362,845,279 in supplemental fiscal 1973 1975 $821-million for foreign economtc as­ (yea 287; nay 130), yea. funds for several departments and agencies sistance (yea 188; nay 183), yea. H.R. 7645: Authorize $687.4-million for the and to bar funds in the bill and in previously H.R. 8947: Adopt conference report on Pub­ Department of State and related activiities, enacted appropriation bills from being used lic Works-AEC appropriations, to appropriate require certain nominees to ambassadorships to support U.S. military activity in or over $4,749,403,000 for fiscal 1974 for publtc works, to disclose campaign contributions, and pro­ Cambodia and Laos (year 241; nay 173) , yea. flood control and power projects, and for hibit use of any funds authorized for recon­ H.R. 8917: Appropriate $2,269,554,200 in operations and fa.c111ties of the AEC and other struction aid to North Vietnam (yea 331; nay fiscal 1974 funds for the Department of the agencies (yea 373; nay 9), yea. 57), yea. Interior and $191,200,000 to liquidate con­ H.R. 9474: Increase monthly rates of dis­ H.R. 2246: Adop·t conference reporit to pro­ tract authority (yea 405; nay 4), yea. abil1ty and death pensions and dependency vide one-year extension of the Public Works H.R. 8947: Add $4.7-million for geothermal and indemnity compensation (yea 385; nay and Economic Development Act of 1965, au­ energy research to Public Works, Atomic En­ 0), yea. thorizing $430-milllon for fiscal 1974 for the ergy Commission Appropriations, Fiscal 1974 H.R. 9286: Authorize $20.45-billion for Economic Development Administration and (yea 206; nay 295), yea. military p~ocurement, research and devel­ multi-state regional economic planning com­ Appropriate $4,676,395,000 in fiscal 1974 for opment and m111tary assistance to South missions (yea 276; nay 2), yea. pubUc works, flood control and electric power Vietnam and Laos in fiscal 1974 (yea 367; H.R. 5293: Adopt conference report on bill projects, the Atomic Energy Commission and nay 37), yea. authorizing $77-mi111on for Peace Corps in related af!encies (yea 384; nay 26) , yea. H.R. 8825: Adopt conference report on ap­ fiscal 1974 (yea 329; nay 64), yea. H.R. 9055: Appropriate $3,362,845,279 1n propriations of $19,056,500,000 for Depart­ H.R. 77: Amend the Labor-Management fiscal 1973 funds for several departments and ment of Housing and Urban Development, Relations Act of 1947 to permit employer agencies and to bar upon enactment of the the National Aeronautics and Space Admin­ contributions to jointly administered trusit use of funds in bill to support U.S. combat istration, the Veterans Administration, and funds to defray cost of legal services for em­ activities in or over Cambodia, Laos, North six other independent agencies (yea 401; nay ployees, their families and dependents (yea Vietnam and South Vietnam and to bar use 9), yea. 257; nay 149), yea. of funds in previously enacted appropriation H.R. 9130: Require President to develop a H.R. 8410: Extend the temporary $465-bil­ b1lls for such purposes after Aug. 16, 1973 National Petroleum Contingency Plan to lion federal debt celling to Nov. 3, 1973, to (yea 278; nay 124), yea. assure equitable allocation of available crude exclude bonds sold to government agencies H.R. 7445. Adopt conference report to ex­ oil and petroleum products among the states and to the Federal Reserve System from a tend the federal Renegotiation Board au­ and the five Petroleum Administration for $10-blllion limit on sales of long-term Treas­ thority for one year, and to provide a 5.6% Defense districts at nondiscriminatory prices ury bonds paying interest of more than increase in Social Security benefits as of June during periods of disproportionate shortages 4~ % and to authorize the Treasury to issue 1974 (yea 327; nay 9), yea. (yea 179; nay 233), yea. Authorize a trans­ checks convertible into savings bonds as pay­ s. 504: Adopt conference report on blll au­ Alaska. oil and gas pipeline (yea 356; nay 60), ment of federal income tax refunds (yea thorizing $185-mlllion for fiscal year 1974-76 yea. 261; nay 152), yea. for federal assistance to area emergency med­ H.R. 7935: Adopt conference report on H.R. 8619: Reduce 1974 crop price support ical care systems and to prohibit the Secre­ minimum wage bill to increase the hourly cellings from $55,000 per crop to $20,000 per tary of Health, Education and Welfare from minimum wage for most workers covered person (yea 195; nay 157), yea. Appropriate closing eight Publlc Health Service hospitals under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 $9,385,750,600 for agricultural, environmental without specific authorization from Con­ to $2.20 an hour after June 30, 1974, and to and consumer protection programs for fl.seal gress (yea 306; nay 111), yea. extend coverage to approximately 6.7 mil­ 1974 (yea 304; nay 3), yea. H.R. 9048: Expand Veterans Administra­ lion additional workers (yea 253; nay 152), H.R. 8152: Authorize $1-billion a year for tion medical programs at a first-year cost of yea. programs of the Law Enforcement Assistance $64.9-million and authorize the VA to con­ H.R. 8658: Adopt conference report on Dis­ Administration in fiscal 1974-75 (yea 391; nay tract for medical care of certain dependents trict of Columbia appropriations appropriat­ 0), yea. and survivors (yea 421; nay 0), yea . ing from local revenues $954,781,200 for the H.R. 5464: Authorize $15.8-mlllion for H.J. Res. 542: Require President to report District of Columbia for fiscal 1974 and saline water conversion program for fiscal to Congress within 72 hours any commitment setting the annual federal payment to the 1974 (yea 399; nay 4), yea. or increasing commitment of U.S. combat City (paid in lieu of taxes on federally owned H.R. 8760: Appropriate $2,753,216,000 for troops abroad, require him to terminate any property) at $187,450,000 (yea 342; nay 47>. the Department of Transportation and re­ such action within 120 days of his report un­ yea. lated agencies (yea 414; nay 2), yea. less Congress authortzes continuation, and H.R. 8760: Adopt conference report appro­ H.R. 7824: Establish Independent Legal allow Congress to direct by a concurrent res­ priating $2,898,446,000 for fl.seal 1974 opera­ Services Corporation to replace the legal olution the termination of U.S. commitment tions and programs of the Department of services program operated by the Office of at any t ime (yea 244; nay 170), yea. Transportation (yea 359; nay 5), yea. Economic Opportunity (yea 276; nay 95), H.R. 8860: Establish for four years a modi­ H.R. 8920: Authorize $52.5-million in each yea. · fied price support program for wheat, feed of fiscal 1974-75 for detection and treatment H.R. 8510: Prohibit National Science grains and cotton (yea 266; nay 182), nay. of lead-based paint poisoning in children, Foundation from funding research on live H.R. 8538: Authorize $80-mlllion for fiscal elimination of lead-based hazards and human fetuses (yea 288; nay 73), yea. 1974 and $95-mlllion for fiscal 1975 for pro­ research on safe lead-content in paint (yea Authorize $612.9-million for the National gramming and construction of facillties for 368; nay 11), yea. Science Foundation (yea 364; nay 6), yea. the Corporation of Public Broadcasting (yea H.R. 8449: Increase face value authorized H.R. 8825: Appropriate $19,070,954,000 for 363; nay 14), yea. for federal flood insurance programs to $10- the Department of Housing and Urban De­ H.R. 5356: Authorize the Administrator of billion from $6-blllion and to deny, after velopment, the National Aeronautics and EPA to require the testing of chemical sub­ July l, 1975, federal financing for acquisition Space Administration, the Veterans Admin­ stances, establish a system of pre-marketing or construction purposes to any community istration and six other independent agencies screen ing of test data of potentially danger­ designated as a flood prone area which does for fiscal year ending June 30, 1974 (yea 316; ous chem.teals and adopt rules restricting the not participate in the federal flood insurance nay 21), yea. manufacture of chemical substances in order program (yea 359; nay 21) , yea. H.R. 8662: Authorize $2.4-billion for fiscal to protect human health and environment H.R. 8351: Authorize $107.3-million for the 1974 operations and programs of the Atomic (yea 324; nay 73), yea. National Railroad Passenger Corporation for Energy Commission (yea 398; nay 4), yea. H.R. 8480: Set a $267.1-billion celling on fiscal 1974 (yea 357; nay 37) , yea. H.J . Res. 636: Adopt resolution to continue federal spending in fiscal 1974, provide pro­ H.R. 8547: Amend Export Administration funding through Sept. 30, 1973 for all gov­ cedures for either the House or the Senate Act of 1969 to require the Secretary of Com­ ernment activities for which regular fl.seal to force the President to release impounded merce in most instances to determine mate­ 1974 appropriation bills have not been en­ funds and direct the President to impound rials or commodities to be subject to export acted and to bar any funds in the bill or in funds proportionately from controllable fed­ controls as a result of current or prospec­ any previously enacted bill from being used eral spending programs to meet the ceiling tive domestic inflationary impact or ·short to support U.S. combat activity in or over (yea 254; nay 164), yea. supply of such materials (yea 220; nay 133) , Cambodia and Laos (yea 325; nay 86), yea. H.R. 9360: Prohibit foreign assistance to yea. H.R. 8877: Reduce the funds for the Office any country whtch expropriates any property S. 504: Pass over President Nixon's 1st of Economic Opportunity by $100-million owned by U.S. citizens, repudiates any con­ Veto, Emergency Medical Services bill au­ (yea 110; n ay 288), nay. tract or imposes any discriminatory measures thorizing $185-milllon in fiscal 1974-76 for Reduce by $632-million the appropriation having the effect of expropriation, unless the federal assistance to area emergency medical for HEW and for OEO (yea 186; nay 213), President determines that appropriate steps care systems and prohibiting the Secretary of nay. toward compensation are being taken (yea HEW from closing eight Public Health Service Appropriate $32,816,467,000 for the De­ 278; nay 102), yea. Authorize for fiscal year hospitals without spec1flc authorization from partment of Health, Education and Welfare, 1974 $978.9-million for foreign economtc as- Congress (yea 273; nay 144), yea. February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4563 H.R. 7974: Authorize $240-milllon in fiscal nation's rivers, harbors and coastlines (yea blind and disabled poor (yea 391; nay 20), 1974-78 to aid the development of health 337; nay 14), yea. yea. maintenance organizations and require cer­ H.R. 9590: Adopt conference report appro­ H.R. 11324: Provide for daylight saving tain employers to make the options of a priating $5,233,189,000 in fiscal 1974 for time from the first Sunday occurring 15 days health maintenance organization health Treasury Department, U.S. Postal SerVice, after enactment until the last Sunday in benefits plan available to employees (yea 369; Executive Office of the President and related April, 1975 (yea 311; nay 88), yea. nay 40), yea. agencies (yea 403; nay 10), yea.. H.R. 11010: Extend Manpower Develop­ H.R. 9639: Increase basic federal payment H.R. 6691: Adopt conference report appro­ ment programs providing for employment for each meal served under the National priating $605,189,933 for fl.seal 1974 opera­ and training opportunities for the unem­ School Lunch and Child Nutrition Acts to tions of the legislative branch (yea 400; nay ployed (yea. 369; nay 31), yea. 10¢ from 8¢ (yea 389, nay 4), yea. 11), yea. H. Res. 721: Provide for House disagree­ H.R. 9553 : Allow three years of television H.R. 9681: Direct President to establish a ment to Senate amendments to the federal broadcasts of home games of certain profes­ mandatory program to allocate crude oil and debt llmit bill and return the bill to the Sen­ sional sports if tickets had been sold out refined petroleum products to assure that ate (Senate had added to the bill amend­ for at least 72 hours prior to game-time (yea shortages are shared equally by all users and ments to provide for federal financing of 336; nay 37), yea. all regions of the U.S. (yea 337; nay 72), yea. presidential and congressional election cam­ H.R. 8070: Adopt conference report to H.R. 3927: Extend through fl.seal 1976 the paigns) (yea. 347; nay 54), yea. authorize $1.55-blllion in fiscal 1974-75 for Environmental Education Act of 1970 and H.R. 11575: Appropriate $74,488,609,000 for federal grants to states for rehabilitation of authorize appropriations under the Act of Department of Defense activities and all ma­ the handicapped and create several new pro­ $5-million in fiscal 1974, $15-million in fl.seal jor armed forces and weapon programs in grams to aid the handicapped (yea 400; nay 1975 and $25-million in fl.seal 1976 (yea 335; fl.seal 1974 (yea 336; nay 23), yea. 0), yea. nay 60) , yea. H.R. 11576: Appropriate supplemental H.R. 37: Provide for the conservation, pro­ H.R. 10956: Authordze $185-milllon in fiscal funds totaling $1,433,035,718 for several fed­ tection and propagation of species or sub­ 1974-76 to aid area-wide systems of emer­ eral departments and agencies in fiscal 1974 species of fish and wildlife threatened with gency medical care (yea 364; nay 18), yea. (yea 295; nay 8), yea. extinction (yea 39·0; nay 12), yea. H.R. 9456: Authorize $90-mlllion in fiscal S. 1191: Authorize $600-million in fiscal H.R. 7935: Pass Minimum Wage bill, over 1974-76 appropriations under the Drug 1974-76 for prevention and treatment of child the President's September 6 veto, a.mending Abuse Education Act of 1970 for school­ abuse and neglect and establish a National the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 to in­ based and community-based education pro­ Center on Child Abuse and Neglect (yea 354; crease the minimum wage rates under that grams on drug and alcohol abuse (yea 372; nay 36) , yea. Act and expMld the coverage of that Act nay 13), yea. H.R. 11710: To lower the salary of the At­ (yea 259; nay 164), yea. H.R. 10937: Extend term of the federal torney General and to clarify the proper use H.R. 8917. Adopt conference report on grand jury of the District of Columbia in­ of the franking privilege by members of Con­ $2,433,137,200 appropriations for fiscal 1974 vestigating the Watergate break-in and gress (yea 261; nay 129), yea. for the Department of the Interior and re­ coverup for six months beyond its normal ex­ H.R. 9437: Amend International Travel Act lated agencies (yea 385; nay 14), yea. piration on Dec. 4, 1973, and permitting the of 1961 to authorize $40-m!llion in fiscal H.R. 8619: Adopt conference report on U.S. District Court of the District of Colum­ 1974-76 for programs to encourage foreign Agriculture, Environmental and Consumer bia to extend it an additional six months travelers to visit the U.S. (yea 272. nay 120), Protection Appropriations of $9,927,667,000 upon the request of the grand jury (yea 378; yea. - for agriculture, environmental and consumer nay 1), yea. S. 1443: Adopt conference report on bill protection agencies for fiscal 1974 (yea 348; H.J. Res. 542: Pass over President Nixon's authorizing $2.4 billion !or foreign economic nay, 24), yea. Oct. 24 Veto, War Powers bill establishing a. and military assistance in fiscal 1974 and H.J. Res. 727: To prohibit the Cost of Liv­ 60-day Limit on the President's powers to $922-mlllion in economic assistance in fiscal ing Council from conducting a program commit U.S. troops abroad (yea 284; nay 1975 (yea 210; nay 193), yea. which discriminated among petroleum mar­ 135), yea.. H. Con. Res. 173: Declare it the policy of keters in the method for establishing gaso­ H.R. 11104: Reduce proposed temporary Congress to support, protect and enhance the line and other petroleum product prices (yea federal debt ceiling level to $475.7-blllion coastal and offshore fisheries resources of the 371; nay 7), yea. from $478-billion (yea. 253; nay 153), yea. U.S. (yea 405; nay O); yea. H.R. 10397: Authorize $1.5 million for H.R. 9142 :Authorize $421.5-million plus H.R. 8877: Adopt conference report on bill Cabinet Committee on Opportunities for $1-billion in federal loan guarantees to re­ appropriating $32,926,796,000 in fl.seal 1974 Spanish-Speaking People for the period of organize the six bankrupt rallroads in the funds for HEW and related agen cies (yea 371; June 30, 1973 to Dec. 31, 1974 (yea 241; nay Northeast into one profitable corporation nay 33), yea. 130), yea. (yea. 306; nay 82), yea. H.R. 7130: Revise congressional procedures H.R. 6452: Authorize $800-mlllion for fiscal S. 1081: Adopt conference report to au­ to give Congress better control over Federal 1974-75 grants to states and local agencies thorize the immediate construction of the spending and fiscal policy and allow either for urban mass transit operating subsidies trans-Alaska pipeline, amend right-of-way the House or the Senate to direct the Presi­ and increase the federal share of assistance provisions of the Mineral Leasing Act of dent to spend impounded fun ds (yea 386; for mass transit capital grant programs (yea 1920, authorize Federal Trade Commission to nay 23) , yea. 219; nay 195) yea. take certain court actions (yea. 361; nay 14), H. Res. 735: Confirm President Nixon's H.J. Res. 748: Appropriate such sums as yea. nomination of Rep. Gerald R. Ford (Mich.) necessary up to a limit of $2,203,000,000 to H.R. 8916: Adopt conference report appro­ to be Vice President of the U.S. (yea 387; nay maintain the gold value of U.S. financial priating $4,687,527,000 in fl.seal 1974 for the 35), yea. commitments to the International Monetary Department of State, Justice, Commerce, the H.R. 11459: Adopt conference report on blll Fund and international development banks federal judiciary and 15 related agencies (yea. appropriating $2,658,861,000 in fiscal 1974 in terms of the dollar which was devalued 394; nay 11) , yea.. for construction of military family housing, by 10% on Feb. 12, 1973 (yea 274; nay 90), S. 1570: Adopt conference report to direct bachelor quarters and other installations in yea. the President to establish a mandatory pro­ the U.S. and overseas (yea 329; nay 40), yea. H.R. 9682: Provide for the non-partisan gram for the allocation of oil and oil prod­ H.R. 10710: Forbid extension of crejiits or election of a 13-member city council and ucts (yea 348; nay 46), yea. guarantees by any federal government agency mayor by the residents of the District of H.R. 11459: Appropriate $2,609,090,000 for for trade with a Communist nation if the Columbia and reorganize the District gov­ fiscal 1974 Department of Defense construc­ President found that its government denied ernment (yea 343; nay 74), yea. tion of family housing, bachelor living quar­ the right to emigrate or imposed more than H.R. 10614: Authorize $2,651,227,000 in fis­ ters and other armed forces facilities (yea nominal fees or taxes on citizens who wished cal 1974 appropriations for construction pro­ 366; nay 29), yea. to emigrate (yea 319; nay 80), yea. Give jects at m111tary bases in the Untied States H. Res. 702: Provide $1-million for the President broad powers to negotiate trade and overseas (yea 359; nay 28), yea. House Judiciary Committee to carry out its expansion agreements and to take steps to H.J. Res. 542: Adopt conference report on investigation of impeachment charges reduce trade barriers subject to congressional War Powers bill establishing a 60-day limit against President Nixon (yea 367; nay 51), veto procedures, grant import relief, provide on the President's powers to commit U.S. yea. adjustment assistance for workers and indus­ troops abroad, unless Congress declared war H.R. 11333: Increase Social Security bene­ tries hurt by imports and retaliate against or specifically authorized the action or was fits by 7% in March, 1974 and an additional unfair trade practices (yea 272; nay 140), yea. unable to meet because of an armed attack 4 % In June, 1974, increase the Social Security H.R. 11088: Authorize $2.2 billlon in emerg­ ency security assistance for Israel (yea 364; on the U.S., and permitting Congress to end payroll tax wage base to $13,200 In January nay 52) , yea. such a commitment at any time by passage 1974 and provide future adjustments in the H.R. 11771: Appropriate $5,833,912,000 in of a concurrent resolution (yea 238; nay payroll tax rate and move up to January fiscal 1974 for foreign economic and military 123), yea. 1974 from July 1974 scheduled increases in H.R. 10203: Authorize $1,258,257,000 for assistance (yea 219; nay 180), yea. benefits under the Federal Supplemental Se­ -H.R. 11450: Ban allocation of petroleum. for fiscal 1974 for construction, repair, desig1 curity Income ( SSI) program which was busing of students to school farther than the and development of flood control, navigation, scheduled to replace existing federal-state school nearest to their homes (yea 221; nay and other water resources projects on the matching assistance programs for the aged, 192), yea. 4564 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 Rescind the requirement for emission con­ are so low that one F is not at much con­ The February 11 issue of Time maga­ trol devices on vehicles throughout the Na­ sequences.) zine carries an article on page 74, which tion until Jan. 1, 1977 except for certain areas At the same time that our schools are not summarizes in laymen's language the re­ which have significantly high pollution levels maintaining standard& at the lower end of markable results of the Notre Dame study (yea 180; nay 210), yea. the scale, they have helped cheapen the con­ Provide for Federal grants to States for cept of academic excellence at the other end. of the Telecommunications Industries' those who are unemployed as a result of the Students receive good grades for no reason process. I would like to present it to you: administration of the National Emergency at all. Tied to this has been the movement THE SILENT TREATMENT Act (yea 311; nay 73), yea. to admit students to school solely on the No one can hear the high-frequency tones, H.R. 11450: Provide that the Administrator basis of some group characteristic (e.g., race). but their echoes ca.n be tracked far beyond of the Act may restrict exports of coal and Such a system will have disastrous conse­ the research labs where they were first de­ petrochemical feedstocks if such exports wm quences for our society, particularly for in­ tected. Today, ultrasonics, otherwise known result in unemployment in the U.S. (yea telligent blacks, who would be admitted un­ as the science of noiseless sound, has be­ 327; nay 27), yea. der any system. (You might want to read come one of the more versa.tile tools of tech­ Prohibit the exportation of crude oil, reatd.• Thomas Sowell's Black Education.) As you nology. VU>rating at roughly 18,000 or more ual fuel on, and refined petroleum products may know, the U.S. Supreme Court has cycles per second, quiet bursts of ultrasonic unless the President orders the approval of agreed to hear a case dealing With racially energy can probe the ocean depths, clean the export (yea 152; nay 205), yea. discriminatory law school admissions (De­ teeth, cut through steel, even look for brain Prohibit the export of petroleum products Funis vs. Odegaard). damage. In their latest incarnation, ultra­ for m111tary use in Indochina (yea 201; nay As a member of the Educa111on and Labor sonic waves are being put to work in a novel 172), yea. Committee, perhaps you can convince some sewage-treatment system. Authorize specific, temporary emergency of the Democrats to hold hearings· on these Most American cities still treat raw sew­ actions to ensure the essential U.S. energy matters. age with relatively primitive methods. Larger needs would be met (yea 265; nay 112), yea. Thank you for your cooperation. partiGles of waste are usually allowed to set­ Sincerely, tle out of the polluted water, which is filtered JOEL MARGOLIS, through gravel and sand· and then chlori­ Assistant Professor, nated before being piped to a nearby river or MORE ON THE DECLINE OF THE Department of Political Science. lake. Trouble is, such "purified" sewage is SAT SCORES almost always contaminated with a rich brew of bacteria and viruses, to say nothing THE SILENT TREATMENT of stubborn industrial wastes that may serve as fertilizers and cause such rapid plant HON. ROBERT J. HUBER growth in the waters where they are dumped OF MICHIGAN HON. JAMES R. GROVER, JR. that all other forms of life are eventually IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES choked off. OF NEW YORK The new purifying process, called Sono­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 IN THE HOUSE O:F REPRESENTATIVES zone, practically eliminates that leftover pol­ Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 lution with a swift one-two punch. A small, vibrating metal disk at the bottom of a tank ary 22, and on February 8, 1974, I brought Mr. GROVER. Mr. Speaker, as YOU through which the sewage water flows sends to the attention of the House the alarm­ know the pollution of our lakes and r1vers out a steady stream of ultrasonic energy. At ing decline in the test grades of our by sewage and industrial waste, and the the same time, ozone, a highly active form Y'oung people taking the Scholastic Ap­ consequent contamination of our drink­ of oxygen that readily combines with other titude Test prior to entering college. By ing water, are among the most pressing materials, is bubbled into the tank from a way of response I received a letter from problems facing the country today. nearby generator, which produces the gas by Assistant Prof. Joel Margolis, of Rutgers Scientists have recognized that many shooting electric arcs through ordinary air. University, which further confirms the of our most serious diseases are being LARGER TEST present sad state of American education. transmitted in drinking water because Scientists are not sure exactly what takes I commend his letter to the attention of existing treatment methods do not ade­ place when the sewage is subjected to the my colleagues: quately destroy the bacteria and viruses combination of buzzes and bubbles. But RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, whatever happens is highly effective. Clumps Camden, N.J., January 30, 1974. which cause such diseases as polio, of bacteria and viruses disintegrate; longer Representative ROBERT J. HUBER, cholera, hepatitis, et cetera. chemical molecules break apart. In a pilot Gannon House Office Building, Because of the importance of the prob­ project at the University of Notre Dame that U.S. House of Representatives, lem and the increasing trend to public processes 20,000 gal. of sewage dally, less than Washington, D.a. health as population density grows 60 seconds of Sonozone treatment has proved DEAR REPRESENTATIVE HUBER: I noticed greater, the Congress has already appro­ itself capable of destroying 100 % of the fecal that you inserted an article on the decline priated billions of dollars to combat the bacteria and viruses it attacks, 93% of the of SAT scores in the Record. I'm glad to note problem, which so far has had very lim­ phosphates and 72% of the nitrogen com­ that at least somebody in Washington is pounds. concerned about what is going on. While ited effect. · Some European cities already use ozone in there may be several factors to account for I am pleased to be able to report today place of chlorine to purify water (Tnm, Sept. the decline in SAT scores, it is true that that a major breakthrough has been 3). Engineers at Long Island's Telecom­ they have gone down while the average grade made in this field by Telecommunications munications Industries, Inc., which designed in college has gone up. Industries, Inc., of Copiague, N.Y., which Sonozone, say that the addition of ultra­ This "grade inflation" is part of a general finally offers a practical system which sonic waves produces a second whammy that cheapening of education that we see through­ really disinfects sewage and produces makes the ozone much more effective than out our educational system. In most public sterlle water which is germ and v1rus the chemical alone. One reason 1s that the school systems today, particularly in large high-frequency vibrations keep the ozone cnles, there ls an implicit, if not expUclt, free and which can stop the contamina­ bubbles small and separated, thus providing "automatic-don't tell them" system in ef­ tion of our national water system a maximum surface area on which the fect. That is, automatic promotion whether through partially treated industrial and cleansing reactions can take place. Sonozone or not students have completed the required human waste. will soon be put to a larger test. A full-scale work for the course and the refusal to tell Dr. Morris Pollard, one of the Nation's plant is about to start up 1n the InQ.ian­ llliterates that they are Illiterate. As a con­ most distinguished virologists, has town, Fla., area, where 5,000 people produce sequence, a large number of students are al­ headed a team at the Lobund Laboratory some 600,000 gal. of sewage per day. lowed to graduate from high school and even at Notre Dame University, which has Finally, I would like to point out that be admitted to college even though they can­ not write sentences in the English lan­ evaluated the process, and their conclu­ in spite of the billions of dollars we have guage. At schools such as Rutgers, Camden, sions were reported to the scientific com­ spent on conventional systems, a unique the English Composition teachers do not fall munity on January 14 and 15 at a 2-day and e:ff ective new ~hnology has been de­ llllterates, but rather give them B's and C's. seminar at Notre Dame. veloped by a small company whtch did There are a few faculty members who don't Dr. Pollard pointed out that the system not exist 10 years ago and which has do this, but we are in the minority and stu­ has proved to be a superior method for never received a dollar of government dents can easily avoid taking our courses. disinfection of waste water and ls ex­ money in its entire existence. It seems (Even 1f they happen accidentally to land tremely effect1ve in destroying viruses to me "that this is a timely reminder in one of them, the standards for expulsion and bacteria in sewage. that there ls stlll ingenuity and 1nitia- February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4565 tive left in this country which can solve THE ENERGY CRISIS "a 11beral Senate group, coached by Johnson the great problems facing us at the mo­ admlnlstra.tjon Federal Power Commission ment if we continue to create an environ­ Chairman Lee C. White," is urging "creation ment in which our native intelligence, HON. FLOYD SPENCE of a Federal oil and gas corporation to ex­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA plore for, produce, and possibly even market courage and initiative can flourish and be untapped oil and gas lying under Federal free to focus those energies on the prob­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lands." lems which confront us. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 This ls only one example. If one pays at­ tention to the liberal media, one finds that Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, recently the oil shortage is being used as a spring­ Mr. Ant}lony Harrigan, executive vice board for attacks on energy-related industries CONCERN EXPRESSED FOR TITLE I president of the U.S. Industrial Council, in particular and free enterprise in general. OF PROPOSED H.R. 69 discussed with Dean Manion on the The advocates of nationalized industries see Manion Forum the issue of the current the oil shortage as a golden opportunity to energy crisis. create a crisis of confidence in capitalism. HON. ALBERT H. QUIE The gist of Mr. Harrigan's remarks is Dean MANION. Tell us more about the back­ OF :MINNESOTA ground of the energy crisis. that the energy crisis is being used as an Mr. HARRIGAN. The background is complex, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES excuse for more Government controls. of course, and involves mistakes in foreign Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Whether or not that is the reason for the policy as well as other factors. It should be crisis, I certainly concur with Tony Har­ borne in mind, however, that the energy in· Mr. QUIE. Mr. Speaker, there has been rigan that it is a definite and most unfor­ dustries have been warning of a developing some concern expressed that the new tunate result. The idea of mandatory crisis for several years. When those industries formula for title I proposed in H.R. 69 days when we can or cannot get gasoline, that provide our fuels and power sought to does not adequately reflect the burden explore, dr111, mine, lay pipe or build new of gas rationing, of proposals for nation­ nuclear plants, they caught heavy fire from experienced by industrial States and alization of the oil and gas industry­ the Uberal forces .and their allies in the large cities. I have been concerned about these are anathema to the free enterprise media and government. those who have raised this issue and have system that we have always cherished Liberals shouted about "tax loopholes." done some analysis which should serve and which has done so much for this Environmental extremists condemned re­ to indioate that this is simply not the country. Not only are they violative of source development in remote wilderness case. areas. Labor unions protested against pos. free enterprise economics, but such re­ sible profits from new energy projects. Puni· To examine this premise, I went back strictions have been proven throughout tive or restrictive legislation discouraged risk to the first year of title I in 1966 and history to create more problems than capital from funding costly searches for oU compared the percentage of children they solve and they usually worsen, over and gas on land and offshore. Coal mining counted as a share of the title eligible the long haul, the very crisis they were was fought at every turn, even halted in some title I children for certain selected States designed to relieve or avert. areas through crippling laws. Liberals were so and counties. That information is print­ busy regulating and restricting business that I have known Tony Harrigan for a long they had no time to consider the economic ed below. As can be seen by examining time and have great admiration for his the data, each one of the urban counties storm clouds ahead. A Congress that foisted insight and his courage in telling things the Occupational Safety and Health Act studied has a much greater percentage of as they are. I feel that this particular upon American business didn't even have a children counted as a percentage of the interview ls well worth the attention of fire drill for the nation's economy. national total under the H.R. 69 formula every Member of the Congress and I in­ Dean MANION. Do you feel that Americans than under the original 1966 allocation. sert it in the RECORD at the conclusion of are getting all the facts they need in order Even New York County, which is the my remarks: to understand the economic crisis that's Borough of Manhattan, has a greater developing? percentage under H.R. 69 despite the fact THE THREAT OF AN A't1THORrrARIAN ECONOMY: Mr. HARRIGAN. Unfortunately they are not THE ENERGY CRISIS Is BEING USED AS AN being told vital facts. They are being advised that New York County has lost school ExcusE FOR MORE GOVERNMENT CONTROLS that they must tighten their belts and ac­ age population in the period since 1966: (By Anthony Harrigan) cept adversity, though the nation 18 not at COMPARISON Of PERCENTAGES OF CHILDREN IN SELECTED Dean MANION. Anthony Han'igan 1s a dis· war and it 1s not in America's national in­ STATES AND COUNTIES-FISCAL YEAR 1966 AND H.R. 69 tinguished. author and commentator on na­ terest to antagonize the on-producing coun­ tional economic affa.irs. He 1s also Executive tries of the Middle East. The American peo­ ple, sad to say, are not being told that a great Fiscal year 1966 H.R. 69 Vice President of the United States Indus­ trial Council, which ls one of the most artic· danger lies in the probability that the Con· Per- Per- ulate and influential business organizations gress will try to legislate the country out of Eli- cent Eli- cent in this country. Mr. Harrigan 1s always a its difficulty, imposing new controls that wlll gibles share gibles share welcome visitor to the Manion Forum. He 1s only increase our troubles. back with us today to discuss currently devel­ The lack of foresight, integrity and cour· age, coupled with bureaucratic bungling that Total eligibles __ ! _____ 5,530,718 100 8,603,841 100 oping threats to the free enterpnse system. Mr. Harrigan, we are all anxious to hear got the nation into the present mess, are Selected States: your analyses of the dangers to our enor­ hardly the means to get us out. Finally, the Alabama ______242, 522 4.4 275, 108 3.2 people are having their attention diverted ;alifornia ______308, 607 5.6 723,999 8.4 mously productive capitalist system. Tell us :1orida ______142, 533 2.6 306,040 3.6 from permanent problems of immense seri­ .mnois ______230, 017 about this danger. 4.2 382, 559 4.4 Mr. HARlUGAN. Dean Manton. I value this ousness-inflation, an unbalanced budget, a Indiana______79, 901 1. 4 133, 616 1.5 trade deficit, a shaky dollar, and compulsory .Florida were pay scales brought up to par with many war with Cuba. I believe Mr. Eaton's in favor of renewed relations. "They said of their contemporaries outside of Gov­ message merits the most urgent atten­ that they probably wouldn't say so publicly ernment service. tion: yet, but that they would actually support the move," he said. The nine members who compiled the [From the Plain Dealer, Feb.13, 1974] The only group, Eaton said, still in favor report began their deliberations with a EATON FINDS CASTRO "EAGER" FOR of hostility towards Cuba are "some of the commitment to come forward with the DETENTE unfortunate ne'er-do-wells from Cuba, now most equitable and reasonable pay scale. (By Allen Wiggins) solely dependent on the CIA for a meager liv­ I believe that most Members of Con­ The cold war with Cuba may be coming to ing. These people and the CIA have a mutual gress-on reviewing the final report-­ a close. interest in keeping the feud goin g so 'their would agree with the substantive evi­ Cyrus S. Eaton, returned from a week's meal ticket holds out." dence presented, especially the compila­ visit with Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro, "I'm hoping businessmen will say publicly tion of comparative figures which clearly said yesterday that Castro himself, most Cu­ what tbey say to me privately," he said, "and demonstrate the need for salary adjust­ ban exiles in this country and top Ameri­ I hope journalists and educators, with their can businessmen are saying privately that vast influence, wlll take the same attitude." ment. they want to make relations normal between Eaton has often been accused of being a However, I also feel that these recom­ the United States and Cuba. Communist sympathizer, a view that amuses mendations, if translated into fact, "It doesn't make sense," Eaton said, to him, as one o! America's most successful would fiy in the face of the commitment maintain hostmty towards Cuba "when we capitalists. many of us have made to fight inflation. have already made peace with Russia and Yesterday he cited an incident, never be­ When one considers the fact that we, China." fore made public, that he said indicates his as national leaders, have asked the aver­ Significant in Eaton's account of his real concerns. age A.merican to adhere to a 5.5-percent visit to Cuba is the revelation that Castro In 1955, he said, Cuba's dictator Fulgencio salary guideline, I believe our course of is "eager" for rapprochement with the Battista passed a $100 mlllion bond issue to United States. The 15 years of American eco­ finance a national railroad system. action becomes obvious. Accordingly, I nomic embargo of Cuban goods have until "A group of American banks agreed to buy feel compelled to add my name to those now been matched by belligerent rhetoric the bonds on condition that the Chesapeake who have spoken out against the three­ from Castro. & Ohio Railroad could have experts examine branch pay increase for, at the very Eaton said his visit was the climax of a the planning of the railroad to make cer­ least, the proposal is ill timed and at two-month series of talks with successful tain it was sound," Eaton said. worst, an insult to the average hard­ Cuban emigrants here and with leading "We sent eight men, engineers, accountants working U.S. citizen. American industrialists and businessmen. and so !forth. They discovered that what Bat­ In taking this stand, I must point out Without exception, all are anxious to re­ tista had in Inind was spending about $5 mil­ sume relations with Cuba, although most of lion on the railroad and the rest would be that I am not indifferent to the chaos the businessmen have not yet been will1ng put in Swiss banks under the names of Bat­ which presently surrounds the salary to say so publicly, he said. tista and his cronies. scales among upper level workers in the "What is obviously needed is tor Mr. Kis­ "We never let this out publicly because it Federal service, Also, I am aware of the singer and Nixon to give their attention to was embarrassing to the banks to have the fact that by maintaining current salary the problem. Castro has the authority and people know how close they had come to levels, we will worsen the problem Gov­ the intelligence to deal with the problem," being made dupes. ernment has faced in attracting and he said. "Now, I haven't spent any time or money retaining top-caliber officials at the exec­ Asked 1t he had talked with any top trying to establish socialism, but when I see American officials about softening relations capitalism betrayed by a den of thieves I'm utive level. with Cuba, Eaton said, "Not seriously, but I going to help maintain it." Needless to say, many of these diligent hope to have some talks." Federal servants are justly deserving of Eaton has been an advocate of "friend­ [From the Washington Post, Feb. 12, 1974) adequate compensation but a 30-percent ship and peaceful relations" with the Com­ EATON: CASTRO WANTS BETTER U.S. TIES lump-sum increase at this time would munist world for two decades. By this, he (By Edward A. O'Nelll) amount to a fiscally irresponsible reward. makes it clear, he means "doing business" with them. BALTIMORE, February 11.--Cyrus s. Eaton, If we intend to combat an inflation­ the 90-year-old multimillionaire industrial­ ary spiral, then we must set a national Eaton said he had discussed a d~tente "quite frankly" with Castro, and he was all ist, came here Sunday from six days in Cuba example and by our action, cancel this for it. to say that Fidel Castro wants accommoda­ proposal. As of now, the House has yet "He said one example that might show tion with the United States. to go on record as to where it stands on the American people his friendliness was the Eaton was in Cuba at Castro's invitation on this issue and in that vein, I am hopeful, speed and vigor with which he moved against the heels of a visit by soviet Communist Mr. Speaker, that you will employ the airplane hijacking." Party leader Leonid Brezhnev, who, accord­ prestige of your good office in bringing Eaton warned that Castro's eagerness for ing to press reports, had talked to the this question to the floor for a vote. normal relations should not be taken as a ciitiin prime minister about improving rela­ I am convinced that all Members "yearning" or in any way a weak position. tions with the United States. February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4569 Eaton met twice with Castro for lengthy praising the public service record of our pound-a total cost of . 85 cents per talks, as well as with Deputy Prime Minister longtime good friend and colleague, Con­ pound. Without the USDA program, Carlos Rafael Rodriguez; President Oswaldo gressman JOHN BLATNIK. As the son of State institutions would have had to pay Dorticos; Fidel's brother, Ramon Castro, min­ approximately $2.10 per pound for the ister of agriculture, and other Cuban leaders. Danish immigrants, it is a particular He said that he came away with an over­ pleasure to insert in the CONGRESSIONAL same product for a total additional cost whelmingly positive feeling that Cuba wants RECORD this tribute to JOHN, the son of of over $.5 million across the country. to regularize its relations with this country, Yugoslavian immigrants: Keeping in mind that this is only one with which it has been at odds since 1960. MINNESOTA AND THE NATION REGRET BLAT­ product, one can imagine the enormous Eaton said in an interview, "Fidel said an NIK RETIREMENT FROM CONGRESS costs involved with buying a variety of indication of his real attitude toward the Minnesota. a.nd the nation wm be the losers foods at the market prices which single United States and its people is the fact that when Congressman John Blatnik of the 8th State agencies would have to pay. U he moved swiftly to put an end to [airplane] District retires from office at the end of this would be almost impossible for schools, hijacking." year. institutions, or States to raise this kind From his conversations, Eaton concluded Congressman Blatnik had hoped to serve that the Cubans want only high-level talks. of money. one more term, rounding out 30 years of dis­ The figures speak for themselves. An "It really requires Kissinger or Nixon or tinguished service in the House of Represent­ someone with express authority to solve atives, but because of a heart condition extension of the USDA food commodity this maitter. There is no use to put this to which has recurred during the la.st few years, program such as my bill would provide is men down the line who do not have the his doctors have decreed early retirement and essential. authority to a.ct. That's what happened when deserved relaxation. Much as his constitu­ we first were trying to talk to Hanoi about ents, colleagues and the public at large would the Vietnam war." (Eaton himself went to like to see him remain in office, none would THE 56TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE Hanoi in 1969 to talk about negotiations with desire it at the further risk to his health. DECLARATION OF ESTONIAN IN­ the North Vietnamese.) As chairman of the powerful House Public DEPENDENCE Eaton, who used to have substantial busi­ Works Committee John Blatnik served as a. ness interests in Cuba, has kept up his con­ watchman over some $20 b1llion annual ap­ neotions since the Castro revolution in 1959 propriations for highways, public buildings, by other visits there and through the Cuban HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN rivers and harbors, environment and pollu­ OF MARYLAND delegation at the United Nations. His basic tion control, and many other governmental interest is economic. He thinks an end to the expenditures. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES separaitlon would be advantageous to Ameri­ Honesty and integrity were the guidelines Wednesday, February 27, 1974 can industry. which mark his public career. Never a breath "Twent y years ago they were going to put of scandal or influence peddling. In these Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, in our me in jail because I advocated trade with the days of doubt, that ls a. glowing tribute. country freedom and individual rights kinds Soviet Union," he said. "Now all of During his career, re-elections were al­ are a legacy and an inherent part of all American businessmen are rushing to get most a foregone conclusion, yet John Blatnik of our lives. But there are some citizens into the Soviet market.'' never became infected with what ls com­ U .s. policy toward Cuba, Eaton said, seems for whom the words "freedom" and "in­ monly known as "Potomac Fever". He al­ dependence" have a more far-reaching stm to be based on "fanaitica.l anti-com­ ways kept in close persona.I touch with con­ munism.'' meaning today. stituents in his home district and his door Sunday, February 24, 1974, marked the "It is hard to believe that our businessmen was always open and his telephone respon­ and our state Department could be so short­ sive to the "home folks". 56th anniversary of the Declaration of sighted as to have assumed that Castro Minnesota can be justifiably proud of this Estonian Independence and this event would have only a brief regime and all would son of a. Yugoslavian immigrant iron miner, was celebrated by members of the Esto­ be over shortly,'' he said. "He has successfully who carved such an honorable and distin­ nian community throughout this coun­ endured for 15 years. Right now he looks confident and is cheerful about the future." guished career in the halls of Congress. try. But they also remember that Estonia Eaton said the Soviet Union recently sold is not free today; it is not a sovereign Cuba 70 diesel locomotives for $28 mlllion­ republic, but a "captive nation" in cen­ '"that we could have sold them"-a.nd Argen­ tral Europe. tina. is ma.king freight cars for Cuban use. FOOD CO:M:MODITY DISTRIBUTION In 1918 a manifesto to the people of While he was In Cuba, 20 Cs.nadia.n business­ PROGRAM Estonia declared the nation's independ­ men were there talking a.bout increasing ence and stated that Estonia stood on trade, he said. the threshold of a hopeful future where "A lot of the rest of the world 1s doing HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM business with Castro," he said. "They didn't a free and independent people could de­ have to adopt his religion or la.ck of re11g1on, OF NEW YORK termine and direct their own lives. But or his system of governmenJt to do it." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in 1940 that dream of freedom crumbled Easton said a small group of Cuban exiles Wednesday, February 27, 1974 beneath the boots of the Russian soldiers in the United States, mostly centered in who conquered Estonia and its southern Miami, has been influential in the continua­ Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, recently neighbor, Latvia. tion of otncial U .s. policy. He predicted a I introduced H.R. 12979 to extend indef­ This was the second time Estonians change in their thinking. initely the U.S. Department of Agricul­ were forced under the yoke of Russian "They were a.II joined," he said "in a pol1cy ture's purchasing authority under the to kill off Castro. As the years have gone by rule. From 1721 until the Estonians won and that policy has failed, many of them now food commodity distribution program. their war for independence against the think, 'Why go on?' " The food commodity program is vital to czar's armies, Estonians were controlled What they now want is to see "an end the existence of school lunch programs by this giant to the east. to it," he said. "I think we are going to have as well as the nutrition programs of no:r;i­ In its brief history as a free country an expression from that group that will have proftt institutions. Without the extra during this century, Estonia has made a powerful effect on American opinion." food this program supplies, these orga­ major contributions in every aspect of Use of a U.S. passport for travel to CUba nizations' budget could well be ruined. man's modem endeavors, from industry ts forbidden. Eaton :flew there from Nassau They would be farced to buy on the open to the arts and sports. The greatest Es­ and returned the same way. · market at much higher prices than those tonian industrial achievement was the the Federal Government can command development of the oil shale industry, for the same commodities. which is being extensively studied in this A TRIBUTE TO JOHN BLATNIK One such example of this problem was country as a new energy source. Now the brought to my attention recently in a knowledge and wealth from the Estonian letter from Tony Downs, chairman of oil industry is benefiting the Union of HON. ANCHER NELSEN the board, of the Tony Downs Foods Co. Soviet Socialist Republics, not Estonia OJ' :MINNESOTA Mr. Downs stated that on February 15, or free world economy. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.sENTATIVES the Department of Agriculture purchased Estonians are proud of their highly de­ 4,215,150 pounds of canned boned veloped economy, resources, and culture Wednesday, February 27, 1974 chicken from manufacturers in the which they have achieved in their brief Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, Art Suel, United States at a cost of 82 cents per history as a free nation. They long for publisher of the New Prague Times -ln pound and distributed It to warehouses the day when they will once again be Minnesota, recently wrote an eclltorial around the country at about 3 cents per free to express their talents as a united 4570 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 Estonian people, not as a minority group creek and on the south edge of town can be people for freedom. Their remarkable re­ in a conquered land. served by the sewer system. At present they siliency in the face of adversity ought have to have individual sewer systems. This Those of us who believe in freedom will involve the cafe, three service stations, to serve as an example for those fight­ and human rights share their yearning the two motels and a couple of homes. ing for freedom throughout the world. for the day when there will no longer be In referring to the grant, the mayor said, "captive nations" on this earth. Aware­ "I think we will get it. The town wm pay ness of this condition and a genuine con­ part and the grant wm provide the rest of cern for the future of the brave people the money:· HON. GEORGE L. SMITH II of Estonia is the first step toward a He said he didn't believe the I-90 had worldwide attitude that such conditions made a great deal of difference to the town. should not, and must not exist in our In the summer the motels are busy and the HON. BO GINN modern world. campgrounds built a couple of years ago OF GEORGIA are full almost every night. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bowar, a native of Reliance, has lived in Kennebec since 1956. He is parts man for Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Gilman Chevrolet-Buick. He and his wife WHY SMALL TOWNS SURVIVE have two children; Dana, a third grader, and Mr. GINN. Mr. Speaker, a few weeks Rodney, who is in the sixth grade. ago my State suffered the tragic loss of About three years ago the housing project one of the greatest public servants of our HON. JAMES ABDNOR was completed. This provides 10 low rent time with the death of the Honorable OF SOUTH DAKOTA homes and 10 units for the elderly. George L. Smith II, the Speaker of the The mayor concluded, "When you stop to Georgia House of Representatives. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think about it, we do a lot for a town the Mr. Smith was the steel that held to­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 size of Kennebec." gether the machinery of the Georgia Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, we hear General Assembly. He was a dedicated a lot about the flight of Americans from public servant, a master at winning con­ the small towns to the cities, with the sensus, and a gentleman in the highest COMMEMORATION OF LITHUANIAN sense of the word. It was my distinct resultant decay of the small communi­ INDEPENDENCE DAY ties that have been, for decades, the honor that he made his home in Swains­ heart of the Nation. Small towns are sur­ boro, Ga., which is within the First Con­ viving out of sheer determination, and HON. THOMAS M. REES gressional District of Georgia which I I am proud to call one of them my home OF CALIFORNIA have the honor of representing. I was his town. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES constituent as well because he repre­ sented my home county of Jenkins in the Kennebec, S. Dak., has never had Wednesday, February 27, 1974 enough population to be regarded as even Georgia House of Representatives. a small city, but Kennebec will be on Mr. REES. Mr. Speaker, this month Speaker Smith's untimely death on the map for a long time simply because marks the 56th anniversary of Lithua­ December 9, was a great blow to all of the people there are not afraid to do for nian independence. As Lithuanians Georgia. We are blessed with few men themselves. They rely on their own ini­ throughout California and the United of his caliber in this Nation. Recently I tiative and resources. Mayor Charlie States celebrate this anniversary, it is received a copy of a resolution passed by Bowar talked about some of them in a important for us to review the valiant the entire membership of the Georgia recent newspaper interview. I want to struggle of the Lithuanian people for House of Representatives in honor of share them with my colleagues as an their freedom. Speaker Smith, and I would like to insert example of what can be done when peo­ Throughout their history the Lithua­ this document in the RECORD at this ple want things done. nian people have been forced to contend point: The article follows: with the imperialistic designs of their A RESOLUTION Expressing regrets at the passing of Honor­ MAYOR Is PROUD OF HIS TOWN aggressive German, Polish, and Russian neighbors. From 1795 to 1918 czarist able Geo. L. Smith II; and for other purposes. (By Alice Duba) Whereas, Honorable Geo. L. Smith II, KENNEBEC.-"When we work on some ac­ Russia occupied the country, but in the Speaker, Georgia House of Representatives, tivity here, it is a community project," said wake of the Russian revolution, the passed away on December 9, 1973; and Charlie Bowar, who is mayor of Kennebec, Luthuanian people declared their inde­ Whereas, he was born in Stillmore, Eman­ and he points with pride to the Lyman pendence. uel County, Georgia, on November 27, 1912, County 4-H facility that was built by the This declaration of independence was the son of the late Dr. D. D. Smith and Mrs. Organization Advancing Kennebec last sum­ unanimously approved by a freely elected Gladys Wilder Smith of Emanuel County; mer. Constituent Assembly in 1920. That same and It took a lot of material furnished by the Whereas, he was a graduate of Swainsboro members of OAKS and the Kennebec Town year the Soviet Government recognized High School and the University of Georgia and Country Club and lots of work by those the sovereignty and independence of the Law School and a member of the First United members and other groups and lots of indi­ Lithuanian State. Methodist Church of Swainsboro; and viduals. It was the community working to­ Lithuanians enjoyed two decades of Whereas, among the many organizations gether. Bowar continued, "It is all paid for freedom to pursue their own cultural and in which he held membership and among and there were no tax dollars used." religious traditions and speak their own the many honors he received are the follow­ He added, "The building is mighty good language before Hitler and Stalin ing: Mason, Shriner, Swainsboro Exchange for the amateur there aren't many mistakes decided to destroy that freedom. Lith­ Club, Delta Tau Delta Fraternity, Blue Key, that are visible. . . . You never saw such State President of the Junior Chamber of cooperation from any group as we had for uania was assigned to Russia's sphere Commerce, Board of Governors of the Geor­ this ... they were at the right place at of influence and Russian troops invaded gia Bar Association, State Dmnocratic Execu­ the right time and we got it built." the country June 15, 1940. tive Committee, President of the National Bowar has been on the toW'Il board for Since that time the Lithuanian people Conference of State Legislative Leaders, about 12 years and as president of the board have fought a determined struggle to rid Solicitor of the City Court of Swainsboro and serves as mayor. He was elected president themselves of Soviet domination. Hun­ City Attorney of the City of Swainsboro; and last year but he has served as president and dreds of thousands were departed to Si­ Whereas, in 1962 he was presented the an­ mayor previously. nual award for outstanding contributions to The mayor said the largest project under­ beria or imprisoned between 1946 and agriculture by the Alumni Association of the way for the town is enlarging the water treat­ 1952 alone; 30,000 Lithuanians died University of Georgia's College of Agricul­ ment plant. Water is obtained from Lake fighting for freedom. ture; and Byre which is about two miles north of town. In May 1973 Lithuanians rioted in Whereas, of the many things he did for his Water is of good quality and quantity. their capital for 2 days, demonstrating home county, perhaps the one which pleased The town is in the process of getting a for freedom. The underground press him most was the infiuenttal part he played $100,000 loan which just lacks final Farmers 1n the establishment of the Emanuel County Home Administration and state health de­ flourishes: prayerbooks are printed and. Junior College; and partment approval. distributed clandestinely; petitions are Whereas, he was first elected to the House An application has been made for a fed­ circulated illegally. of Representatives from Emanuel County ill eral grant for a $40,000 sewer project to It is important to recognize and sup­ 1945 and served continuously as a member provide a lift station so the area across the port the struggle of the Lithuanian of that body until his death; and February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4571 Whereas, he served as Speaker Pro Tempore formed his duties with the House Com­ Ironic. The rules require, of course, that from 1947 to 1954, as Speaker from 1959 mittee on Government Operations and companies with relatively good supplies of through 1962, as Majority Whip from 1963 crude oil must share with the rest until all through 1966, and he was a.gain elected the Committee on Science and Astro­ nautics with complete faithfulness and are operating at the same proportion of Speaker in 1967 by an independent House of capacity. This principle was. based on the Representatives and was reelected in 1969, care and outstanding ability. assumption that, in a time of short supplies, 1971and1973; and We read and hear so much of public the big companies would have the most oil Whereas, he served as Speaker of the House discontent with o:fficials---elected and ap­ and would cut off the little ones. That as­ of Representatives longer than any other pointed. It is most encouraging at this sumption, like a good many others over the person in the history of the State of Georgia, time to note that not all of our constit­ winter, has died a very expensive death. and was recognized throughout the United uents succumb to this general attitude The most visible beneficiary of reallocation States as the most outstanding presiding of discontent. The SCO has seen the so far is Texaco, which ls badly short of officer in the country; and crude oil. Texaco is the country's largest re­ Whereas, his love for the House of Repre­ hard work and dedication of Mr. FuQUA tailer of gasoline, hardly the vulnerable little sentatives was well known, and he consid­ and appreciated it for its true worth. independent that Congress had in mind. ered the position of Speaker as the ultimate Their award says much for both our col­ But Texaco's competitors are now required goal, desiring to possess no other office and league and this fine group of profession­ to sell it crude oil and, even worse, they are believing it to be the best position a person als from the 12 Southern States. required to sell at prices that represent a very could have; and substantial loss. The selling price is set by Whereas, he had great pride in the House the rules, and is based on the average cost of Representatives, taking deliberate steps of the selling company's domestic and im­ to improve the legislative image and the leg­ THE LINE AT THE GAS STATION ported oil. That average nationwide now islative process, and he was quick to defend runs about $7.50 a barrel. Since the cost of the House and its members against all com­ the imported oil is now over $10 a barrel, no ers; and company ls going to import it only to be Whereas, his fairness and his dedication to HON. J. J. PICKLE OF TEXAS ordered to resell it to Texaco at $7.50. In­ the cause of an orderly legislative process stead a company with foreign crude on its endeared him to all members of the House; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and hands wlll be inclined to send it to Euro­ Whereas, "Mr. Speaker", as he was affec­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 pean or Caribbean refineries, and then im­ port the refined gasoline at much higher tionately known, always had the best inter­ Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, while the ests of his State at heart, and some of the prices. In the name of ensuring competition most constructive legislation to be passed President told us last night that there the crude oil program has imposed a cartel in this century is law today because of his is no energy crisis, the line at the gas sta­ on the American refiners; it is actively dis­ support and leadership; and tion tells us the opposite. I hear daily couraging them from importing oil to meet Whereas, all the members of this body have from my constituents the problems they the shortage; and it is encouraging them to lost a true and valued friend; and are facing, the lack of gasoline, the high do their refining abroad. Whereas, he ls survived by his wife, Mrs. price of propane, the squeeze on some of At the retail level, the effects of allocation Frances McWhorter "Sally" Smith; his are growing more severe. So far it has brought the dealers by the large oil companies. one important benefit in preventing distribu­ daughter, Miss Sally Smith; two sisters, Mrs. is M. B. Price of Swainsboro and Mrs. Roy Eden­ The message I hear loud and clear dis­ tors from discriminating against large re­ field of Reidsvllle; and a brother, Dr. H. satisfaction with the present program. gions of the country. But other, inadvertent, Wilder Smith of Swainsboro. Today's editorial in the Washington Post types of discrimination are appearing. The Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Gen­ expresses well the point that ·everyone allocation system was basically designed, eral Assembly of Georgia that the members except the President seems to realize, once again, to prevent oil companies from of this body hereby express their deepest re­ the Federal system for allocating gaso­ cutting off filling stations. It means that grets at the passing of Honorable Geo. L. line is working badly: when a company has to cut back on deliv­ Smith II, and by this resolution evidence eries, it has to cut back on all of the filling their love, respect and admiration for him. THE LINE AT THE GAS STATION stations by the same percentage. The Federal All the members of this body extend their The Federal system for allocating gasoline Energy Office and the oil companies are now heartfelt expressions of sympathy to his wife, ls working badly. The lines at the filling sta­ struggling with formulae to allow for popu­ to his daughter, and to the other members tions are as long as ever. The struggle to buy lation growth and special local requirements. of his family. gasoline is as much a harassment and waste But the political and legal jockeying and Be it further resolved that the Clerk of the of time and effort as ever. The odd-even sys­ jealousies among states and cities are grow­ House of Representatives is hereby instructed tem of permitting drivers to buy only on ing sharper. In Baltimore last Friday a Fed­ to transmit an appropriate copy of this Reso­ every other day does not seem to have short­ eral judge, R. Dorsey Watkins, in a truly irre­ lution to Mrs. Smith, Miss Smith, Mrs. Price, ened the waits, but only to have shortened sponsible exercise of his power, ordered the Mrs. Edenfield, and Dr. Smith. tempers. Certainly it has not lengthened the Federal Energy Office to g1 ve Maryland an very brief hours that the filling stations re­ additional 16 million gallons of gasoline. He main open. The end-of-the-month allot­ said that the allocations to Maryland are ments now being offered by the Federal arbitrary. Of course they are. So are the allo­ Energy Office may help a little, but it will be cations to every other state. But giving more HONOR ACCORDED CONGRESSMAN only the most temporary kind of relief. Con­ to Maryland means giving less to someone FUQUA OF FLORIDA trary to the President's assessment of the else. The judge's order adds a final element situation la.st night in his televised press con­ of confusion to the allocations. ference, this particular part of the energy American drivers' patterns of buying are HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES crisis ls still very much with us. changing rapidly under the pressure of the The gasoline shortage is now exercising a shortages. People who live in cities tend in­ OF FLORIDA substantial drag on everyone's business and creasingly to try to buy their gasoline at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dally life. Those readers with a statistical home, rather than risk being caught short Wednesday, February 27, 1974 turn of mind can estimate for themselves on the road. The result is to drain dry the the millions of man-hours lost in those lines filling stations in the metropolitan centers, Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, I am most of drivers waiting for the fuel they need to while oil companies report more than enough pleased to bring to the attention of my earn their livings and keep their households gasoline at some of their stations out in the colleagues in the House the recent honor going. The federal government's single in­ country and along the highways. People have accorded our distinguished colleague, the strument for seeing us through this im­ cut back on pleasure driving, which leaves a DoN mensely disruptive shortage is allocation. surplus of gasoline 1n the filling stations that Honorable FuQUA of Florida. On There is increasing evidence that the alloca­ serve the weekend and vacation routes. The February 18 he was presented with the tion system is now doing more harm than endless line and jams are at the stations that Award of Merit at the Southern Educa­ good. serve daily commuting and business require­ tional Congress of Optometry, held in When Congress enacted it last November, ments. Normally, oil companies would shift Atlanta. The award, presented by the very few people would have supposed that supplies into the cities. But the allocation Southern Council of Optometrists, recog­ the administration might rely upon it a.lone rules now in effect make it a very slow and nizes Mr. FuQuA's outstanding contribu­ to handle shortages on the present sea.le. awkward process. The primary purpose of the allocation pro­ The Senate Interior Committee is to open tions to the visual welfare of this Nation. gram was not, after all, to protect the con­ hearings Wednesday on the way the alloca­ This type of honor reflects the com­ sumer and the driver. It was rather to tion program ls working. The committee is mendable sense of responsibility and protect the small independent refiners and already well aware that the administration diligence which the gentleman from retailers against the big companies. has no plans for improving it. There are no Florida has displayed throughout his As for the refineries, the effect of the al­ easy ways out if you assume, as any cautious years in Congress. Mr. FuQUA has per- location program has been marvellously person must, that Saudi Arabia is not going 4572 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 to drop its embargo and raise production im­ higher on intelligence tests, than the men Tennessean who ls doing a great deal to mediately. There are basically three ways to they recruited in earlier peacetime yea.rs un­ improve the lives of his neighbors in the manage the gasoline shortage, and none of der conscription. In addition, the average small east Tennessee community of them is very appealing. One is to let prices fly term of service has lengthened, still further Briceville. This crusty, 73-year-old, re­ as panic will bi~ them. Another is rationing, raising quality via experience. which the administration says that it is de­ The alleged failures have all been in the tired coal miner-farmer by the name of termined to avoid. The third is to go limping Army. They have been significant, though Byrd Duncan has devoted his time and along with endless lines, endless anxiety and fairly small. At the end of 1973 the Army untiring energies to helping his neigh­ waste of time, and endless erosion of produc­ conceded that it had met 89 percent of its bors get a permanent health clinic for tivity. Relying wholly on that third alter­ 1973 recruiting goal. Far more important, the their community. native is not going to be good enough. Unfor­ failures have been the result of either gross Briceville is a very isolated, rural com­ tunately, the President la.st night had noth­ incompetence or deliberate sabotage by munity. The town has no doctors and ing else to offer. some retired officers in civilian position. This is a harsh judgment, so let me document it. only recently did it get a full-time nurse. 1. In July 1972, when the draft was still The only medical facility, a 10-foot by in effect, the Army was authorized to have 40-foot trailer, is not large enough to 6,552 recruiters. It had 6,550 on station. The handle the crowds that travel from 35 VOLUNTEER ARMED FORCE: number of recruiters authorized remained miles around for care. Largely through FAILURE OR VICTIM? a.bout the same throughout 1973, but the the efforts of Byrd, the town expects to number on station fell sharply, especially move into a larger, full-time clinic within after the draft was ended. In September 1973, a few months. Byrd, although 73 years HON. WILLIAM A~ STEIGER !or example, 6,662 were authorized but only 5,424 were on station. old, puts in longer days than most men OF WISCONSIN 2. The Army kept changing recruiting half his age. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES standards with dizzying frequency. Recruit­ Byrd's contributions in the health care Wednesday, February 27, 1974 ers were demoralized and many potential field have been numerous. In December recruits lost. he was honored by the National Founda­ Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. 3. Officers in the recruiting command were tion for the March of Dimes for dis­ Speaker, the All-Volunteer Army, if one not promoted or rewarded. Eighteen colonels tinguished voluntary leadership in the were to believe some reports, is little more were eligible for promotion to general, eight fight against birth defects. He also re­ than an expensive, ill-conceived bust. lieutenant colonels for promotion to colo­ nel, and 103 officers for assignment to a senior ceived the Service to Mankind Award by Some would have us believe that we are service school. the Oak Ridge Sertoma Club. paying a higher price for a lower quality Not a single one was either promoted or Byrd would not likely talk of such national defense force. sent to a service school! things as "community consciousness/' Those who make these false reports True, few officers in general were promoted "self-reliance," and the like although he are failing to look at the facts. They are or sent to service schools. But, based on the is a good example of both. At 73 he plows not giving the Volunteer Army credit for number that were, the chance that three his own ground and sells beans, tomatoes, its successes and they are not looking at goose eggs would have occurred for the re­ cruiting command simply as a result of ac­ and potatoes from his summer garden some of the factors behind supposed cident is about 1 in 700. and stores the rest for winter. Byrd typi­ shortcomings. Either the Army assigned low-quality of­ fies some of the most admirable charac­ Milton Friedman, in the February 11 ficers to the recruiting command-hardly a teristics of the rapidly disappearing self­ Newsweek, made an excellent presenta­ sign that they were meeting effectively the reliant spirit of early Tennessee pioneers tion concerning whether the Volunteer challenge of the all-volunteer force-or the and settlers. As Byrd himself said: Armed Force was, in fact, "failure or vic­ Army discriminated against the officers in The best thing we can do is just to do the tim." This well-documented piece is one the recruiting command-hardly a course of best we can. And that's what we're doing. that I commend to your attention: action designed to attract able men into the recruiting command. VOLUNTEER ARMED FORCE: FAILURE OR 4. Until it was stopped by the Assistant VICTIM? Secretary of Defense for Manpower, William (By Milton Friedman) Brehm, the Army reported results in a way COMMEMORATION OF ESTONIAN The end of the draft has not ended contro­ that grossly overstated shortfalls. If in Jan­ INDEPENDENCE versy about the draft. In recent months the uary 1973, the Army fell 1,000 men short o'l news media have carried story after story al­ its quota, it added that sum to its quota for leging that the volunteer armed force is a each succeeding month. For example, sup­ HON. OGDEN R. REID failure. Volunteers, it is said, are too few pose it had a quota of 12,000 men for each OF NEW YORK and of poor quality, despite substantial pay month. Suppose it recruited 11,000 men in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES raises for first-termers. Representatives of January and 12,000 men in each of the next the armed forces have warned that national eleven months. You and I might say it fell Wednesday, February 27, 1974 security may be in danger unless conscription short 1,000 men in one month. But the Army Mr. REID. Mr. Speaker, I ask my col­ is reinstated. would have reported twelve successive short­ As a longtime proponent of an all-volun­ falls of 1,000 men each because after Janu­ leagues to join with me in commemorat­ teer armed force, I regard the end of the ary it would have raised its quota to 13,000. ing the 56th anniversary of the declara­ draft as one of President Nixon's and then­ NEEDED: CIVXLIAN LEADERSHIP tion of independence of the Republic of Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird's finest I have limited myself to points that are Estonia, now under Soviet control. In hours. No other measure has done so much objective and readily checked. They are nev­ marking this anniversary, we must be to end the divisions that were threatening ertheless adequate to demonstrate that the reminded of the history of Estonia-a to tear this nation apart. No other measure Army has chiefly itself to blame for its fail­ history of a courageous people-proud of has done so much to reduce the real cost of ure. They suggest also that the Army can­ their folklore and tradition-and desir­ defending the nation. not be counted on to reform itself. Civ111an ous for freedom and self-determination. MILITARY OPPOSrrION leadership is essential to make all-volunteer While this nation has repeatedly been The draft was ended despite the opposition armed force work. in pursuit of political and cultural inde­ of the military. I have wondered whether the pendence, never in its attempts to Inilitary, encouraged by Watergate and Laird's departure from Defense, may not achieve this goal, have the people resid­ have been feeding the stories to the media BYRD DUNCAN: ASSET TO ing within Estonia's borders or the in an attempt to reverse the decision. COMMUNITY Estonians living in communities through­ Accordingly, I have probed more deeply out the world, lost their idealism and de­ into the facts about the actual performance sire to be free. of the volunteer force. I have been greatly HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN The Estonians belong to a family of heartened-but also appalled-by what I OF TENNESSEE Finno-Ugric nations, and have inhabited have found. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their present territory at the strategical­ The Air Force, Navy and, to a lesser extent, ly important shores of the Baltic Sea for the Marines have had no signUlcant prob­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 lems. On the contrary, they not only have at least 5,000 to 6,000 years. Although met their quotas but also have raised the Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, I would Estonia's status as an independent na­ ·average quality of the enlisted force. Their ltke to recognize before my colleagues a tion began and ended in 1918 when the 1973 recruits are better educated, and score most unusual, admirable, and selfless Soviets occupied this republic, at this February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4573 56th anniversary of that declaration, we Rising food prices and empty grocer in royalties, instead of writing off the full must take the time to remember the his­ shelves have gone beyond the stage of amount. tory of this remarkable nation-and The President has recommended a five­ mere irritation. Unless the administra­ year excise tax on the price of crude oil, hope that this ancient native country tion adopts emergency steps to stem the involving a complicated formula designed to shall enjoy freedom and independence tide of the wheat exodus, powers which increase the tax as crude oil prices rise above once again. the Congress has given him, we are sure a base level. The President also suggested At this time, then, let us renew our to see the formation of breadlines next that revenues from the tax could be rebated commitment to insure that in the years to the gaslines. to producers if they reinvested their profits ahead Estonians can once again become in exploration and drilling. Since the oil com­ members of that community of free and panies are already putting large sums of sovereign states, and look to Estonian­ money into exploration and development, OIL AND TAXES most companies would escape the extra tax Americans whose culture and heritage by continuing to do what they are now doing. is so rich and full, with pride and re­ The reinvestment proposal also raises obvious spect. HON. LEE H. HAMILTON threats to fair competition by permitting the oil companies to have available many billions OF INDIANA of dollars created by tax policy to plow into AMERICAN BREADWINNERS WITH­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES such areas as nuclear energy. The President OUT BREAD? Wednesday, February 27, 1974 also proposed to eliminate the depletion al­ lowance on the income of American com­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under panies from foreign oil wells, but this would HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM leave to extend my remarks in the not cost the oil companies much, since they OF NEW YORK RECORD, I include the following "Wash­ rarely pay any taxes t.o the United States ington Report" entitled "Oil and Taxes": government now on their foreign operations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because of their foreign tax credits. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 WASHINGTON REPORT The Congress does not face easy decisions (By Congressman LEE HAMn.TON) in moving toward rational taxation for the Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Spe.aker, once on. AND TAXES oil industry. The objective is to restrain sky­ again, because of the administration's One result of the energy crisis is to push rocketing oil prices while increasing supply. misguided economic policies the Ameri­ the Congress into a major review of taxes on As it examines the tax laws, the Congress can family is faced, if the forecasts are the oil industry to determine if new tax must look for solutions, not scapegoats, for correct, with the prospect that for a measures are needed to prevent the oil com­ the energy problem. It should not require period of weeks the family breadwinner panies from taking advantage of the current both a roll-back of oil prices and the elimina­ is going to be unable to put bread on the shortages by undue financial gain. tion of tax breaks for the oil industry and dinner table. In the year just ended, 21 top oil com­ still expect the oil industry to provide ample The American Bakers Association, on panies accumulated profits estimated at a supplies of energy for the nation. Neither U.S. industry record of almost $10 billion, should the oil companies expect both high the basis of data compiled by the U.S. twice as great as the profits earned by the prices and tax preference. Department of Agriculture, predicts nation's auto makers on record 1973 sales, The proposed excess profits tax may well be there will be a 900,000-bushel wheat and ten times what the country's steelmakers a mistake because it is t.oo complex to define deficit for the 1973-74 crop year because could manage. Although oil industry profits and administer, and, if it fades away, would of our export policy. The figures are as rose last year by almost 60 percent, there is encourage producers to leave their oil in the follows: apparently no convincing evidence that the ground until the tax vanished. The industry should be permitted to earn U.S. wheat supply and demancl situation oil companies created the energy shortage or conspired to raise prices and profits. So far profits sufficient to provide an incentive to (1973-74 crop year) the jump in oil profits has not been greatly explore for new sources of oil. With explora­ [Millions of bushels] out of line with increases in other industries tion now at its highest peak, oil producers •supply (as of Feb. 3, 1974) : for example, manufacturing profits, which may no longer need tax subsidies as incentives Carryover, July 1, 1973------438 were roughly one-third higher than in 1972. to explore. The present price of oil should be The oil industry does enjoy a favored tax incentive enough. Perhaps the percentage de­ Crop, 1973------1,711 pletion allowance could be reduced or elimi­ Imports ------1 position. American corporations as a whole pay about two-fifths of their net income in nated and capital expenditures could be Total supply______2, 160 taxes, but because of several lucrative tax treated in the oil industry on the same basis breaks, the major oil companies usually pay as those in other industries, and treatment •Domestic disappearance (as of Feb. less than 6 percent of net income in U.S. of royalty payments and excise taxes as for­ 3,1974): taxes. These breaks include: eign income taxes subject to the foreign tax Depletion Allowance: Unlike most indus­ credit could be revised. If these special pro­ Food ------632 tries, where corporations depreciate capital visions for the oil industry were eliminated Seed ------80 assets over their useful life, oil companies or reduced, then excess profits or windfall Feed ------160 and other extractive industries use a method taxes for petroleum would not be necessary. called percentage depletion, which permits Total ------772 them to deduct from their taxable income up MOSCOW AND PEKING AID Bala.nee left for export______1, 378 to 22 percent of the gross revenues derived each year from their wells that continue GUERRILLAS IN RHODESIA Exports (as of Feb. 3, 1974) : to •Exports shipped______814.7 produce. The purpose is to compensate the oil •Exports unshipped______514. 2 companies for the decreasing value of their HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Estimated wheat exports as flour wells as the oil is pumped out. and other products______50.0 Intangible Drilling Expenses: Even more OF OHIO important than depletion allowances to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Total destined for export____ 1, 378. 9 oil industry are intangible drilling costs, that ls, the noncapital costs of drilling an oil Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Carryover July 1, 1974 (deficit)---- (. 9) well, including wages and rental fees. They Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, while •Statistical Reporting Service USDA. can be deducted immediately from taxable some in the United States are attempting income and need not be spread over the years During 1973 we were faced with a meat a well is in operation. to have the United States rejoin the mis­ shortage; now that we are finally sta­ Foreign Tax Credits: Oil companies may taken United Nations boycott against bilizing the supply of meat, albeit at un­ deduct from U.S. taxes due on their foreign Rhodesia, the Soviet Union and Com­ precedented prices, the hamburger bun income the income taxes they pay to foreign munist China have been busy furnish­ is rapidly disappearing from the grocer's governments. The purpose is to prevent dou­ ing rebels in Rhodesia with weapons and shelf. When will it stop? ble taxation, but the oil producing countries other military assistance. The Interna­ If the Government is not able to sta­ mislabel part of the royalties that they charge tional Institute for Strategic Studies, in bilize the price of the foods we eat, they on each barrel of oil as taxes in order t.o allow a recent paper, reports that African re­ a U.S. tax credit for the oil companies. If should at least see to it that the produc­ the companies were required to treat the dis­ cruits have been trained in Moscow. tion and marketing of these vital com­ guised royalties as part of the cost of doing Algeria, Egypt, North Korea, Cuba, and modities is undertaken in an orderly business, as other companies must, they Czechoslovakia. There is also a growing fashion so as to insure an adequate would be able to deduct only $.48 from their Communist Chinese involvement in the domestic supply. U.S. taxes for every dollar that they put out supply of small arms and in train.ing. 4574 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 In addition to large quantities of small "If I had $12 million in a bank in Ft. AN EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS arms, the Soviets are supplying 122- Worth, Tex., within hours I could have gaso­ SYSTEM FOR THE UNITED millimeter rocket lannchers and SA-7 line moving north to New Jersey." NATIONS gronnd-to-air missiles. It would seem BIG PROFITS that the United States should not be One broker, Ray Bura.lt, of Missoula, encouraging those forces seeking fur­ Mont., gave up a law practice last May to HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI enter the fuel business, and this pa.st week­ ther war and destruction in the world. end was offering for sale 1.3 million gallons OJ' WISCONSIN The United Nations-sponsored boycott of gasoline per week for a year, Zane said. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Rhodesia only adds instability to the Another broker is Arthur Mazur Associ­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 world. Secretary of State Kissinger, who ates of New York City. Zane said Mazur last is willing to recognize the barbarous weekend completed a deal to supply 6 mil­ Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, in 1969 regimes of Communist China and the lion gallons of gasoline per month over five the House Foreign Affairs Subcommit­ Soviet Union, should also be willing to years to an unnamed buyer. Mazur's .2 cent tee on National Security Policy and Sci­ per gallon commission on the sale will total entific Developments recommended in a recognize Rhodesia, a conntry who wishes $720,000 over the five yea.rs, Zane said. to be friends with us. It seems nnwise to The freshman senator got involved in the report that steps be taken to provide the treat our enemies in a friendlier way fuel brokerage situation last Thursday when United Nations with a modern commnni­ than those countries who only wish to he was contacted by a broker offering to sell cations system, Possibly through the use be our friends. several million gallons of gasoline to New of Intelsat f acllities. Jersey. Zane worked with Senate President Although the proposal aroused inter­ Frank J. Dodd (D-Essex) over the weekend est and later was endorsed by Members to determine the practicality of such pur­ of Congress for Peace Through Law, ac­ IS GASOLINE SHORTAGE A HOAX? chase. In checking on the legitimacy of the o1Ier, he was put in touch with other bro- tual progress toward modern communi­ kers. • cations for the U.N. has been slow. When it was published that Zane and The onset of the Middle East war last HON. JOSHUA EILBERG October, however, provided strong evi­ OF PENNSYLVANIA Dodd were exploring the possibility of buy­ ing additional gasoline for fuel-starved New dence of the need for the world organi­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Jersey, other brokers from across the coun­ zation to have adequate commnnica­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 try began telephoning the two senators with tions. During at least one Security Coun­ o1Iers. cil meeting on the crisis, erroneous Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, the people Zane said that Tuesday the two senators of this Nation are facing a gas shortage knew of fuel available in the following reports about Israeli bombing in the which has created lines at gas stations amounts from these sources: diplomatic sector of Damascus, Syria, which often force customers to wait 2 or 800,000 gallons of gasoline at the Port of served to exacerbate tensions among the more hours before they are served. Newark. countries represented. Tempers ftared 1,680,000 gallons of gasoline within four and harsh words were SPoken needlessly. The administration and the oil indus­ weeks at Newark. try have told us time after time that If the U.N. commander on the scene 1.3 million gallons of gasoline available im­ had been able to communicate quickly, the shortage has not been manufactured mediately at Bayonne. and that there simply is not enough gas. 2 million gallons of gasoline available in reliable reports might have been avail­ I am sure all of us have received too Missouri. able to ease the confticts among those many angry letters and telephone calls 1.3 million gallons of gasoline at sea des­ whose prime mission was to restore peace from constituents who do not believe tined for Belgium but which could be di­ to the region. verted to New Jersey. Mindful of this situation, I asked Sec­ this is true. The fact is, I have serious 25 million gallons of gasoline per week from doubts myself. retary of State Kissinger at a recent Texas over a one-year period. hearing to look into the prospects of If there is truly a shortage all of the 200 million gallons of diesel fuel available available gasoline would be made avail­ from a Montana broker. providing the United Nations the best able to the consumer by the big oil com­ 43 million gallons of gasoline from Hous­ communications service possible in sup­ panies, but the fact is there is a "grey ton, Texas. port of the U.N.'s peacekeeping and dis­ market" in gasoline operated by inde­ SIMON SURPRISED aster relief efforts. He responded affirma­ pendent brokers who seem to have nn­ In addition, an "unlimited supply" of tively and promised. to look into the limited supplies. crude oil available from the Mediterranean, matter. At this time I enter into the RECORD which Zane suspects could be a leak from The results have been very gratify­ Saudi Arabia, and an "unlimited supply" of ing. The U.S. delegation has offered to an article published in the February 21, crude from a California broker, were offered. 1974, edition of the Philadelphia Bulletin the Intelsat Assembly, and the Assembly "We found out about all of this gasoline, has accepted, a proposal for insuring the which clearly outlines the situation and diesel fuel and crude oil in just four days." makes a mockery of statements by the Zane said. "Undoubtedly, we did not learn United Nations priority access to Intelsat President, the head of the Federal of all of the fuel available in the country." satellite capacity during emergency sit­ Energy Office, and the spokesmen for the Dodd said last night he discussed the sit­ uations. oil companies. uation by phone with federal energy chief Further, the Department will support BROKERS OFFER HUGE GAS SALES William E. Simon, providing names, dates an increase in the United Nations com­ (By John G. Sandell) and places, and that Simon "was surprised" munications budget to include sufficient at the quantities being mentioned. funds for emergency relief and peace­ WoonBURY.-Millions of gallons of gasoline are being sold outside normal distribution Zane said the senators learned from bro­ keeping purposes. channels and at higher than normal prices, kers that more than 700 million gallons of I believe that this development is an state Sen. Raymond J. Zane (D-Gloucester, gasoline were sold "just over this past week­ important first step toward providing the Salem) said yesterday. end" outside of regular distribution channels United Nations with an adequate com­ Zane made the comment after almost a in the New York-New Jersey area. munications capacity, and that it may week of negotiations with brokers to increase PRICE IS HIGHER someday prove to be an imPortant asset the supply of gasoline to New Jersey. to the cause of peace. He said he has spoken to more than a Brokers claim to be able to get gasoline dozen brokers who all say, "There is more from Belgium, Germany, Italy, Canada and For that reason, I wish to insert in gasoline than you can shake a stick at." Venezuela, Zane said. the RECORD at this point a letter from In virtually every case, however, the price NEW BUSINESS the State Department setting forth the ranges from 15 to 20 cents above the current new U.S. policy, and a memorandum Zane said much of the gasoline is excess wholesale prices in regular distribution chan­ which provides background on the sub­ produced by American refineries, and that nels. The result would be an average of 68 the oil companies are increasing their prof­ ject: its by selling it to the independent brokers cents per gallon at the pump once federal DEPARTMENT OF STATE, for higher-than-normal prices. and state taxes and transportation costs Washington, D.C., February 13, 1974. "In the last year, a whole new business were tacked on, he said. lWn. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, has been created-an oil brokerage business "But despite this increased cost, there House of Representatives, where people with money to spend can buy seems to be a booming market,'' Zane said. Washington, D .C. gasoline and almost overnight make a for­ One broker offered several million gallons of DEAR MR. ZABLOCKI: On January 28 I wrote tune by selling it to independent distribu­ gasoline to New Jersey Monday morning, but you that we were studying the request by tors who can't get enough through regular by 5 P. M. that same day someone had pur­ the Secretary General of the United Nations channels," he said. chased it." for the cost free use, or use on a preferential February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4575 rate basis, of INTELSAT facilities. I am now 1. There will be reserved space segments tial federal participation to assure that the able to inform you of the results of our study available without cost; national interest will always come first, sec­ and to report the action taken by the As­ 2. Payments would be made only during ondary to the profit of stockholders? sembly of Parties of INTELSAT regarding the actual usage in order to preserve the princi­ UN request. ple found in Article 5(d) of the Intelsat We share your concern that the United Charter, which in summary states that all EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS Nations have access to the best service pos­ users shall pay. sible in support of emergency peace-keeping COMMENT and disaster relief efforts. Thus although A further comment should be ma.de that we were unable to support the request as during the debate on the United States HON. EDWARD MEZVINSKY formulated, our Delegation to the Assembly initiative to provide the above, the United O~ IOWA of Parties proposed that INTELSAT through States in direct response to a question, stated special arrangements ensure the United Na­ that it would favor a financial arrangement IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions priority access to INTELSAT satellite in the United Nations to pay for the cost of a Wednesday, February 27, 1974 capacity during emergency peace-keeping modern communications system. It is be­ and disaster relief efforts. I am pleased to lieved that the United States Mission to the Mr. MEZVINSKY. Mr. Speaker, last report to you that the Assembly accepted United Nations has been directed to see that November I wrote to educators in the our proposal. The INTELSAT Board of Gov­ it is necessary that the United Nations com­ First District of Iowa asking them for ernors will now take such steps as are nec­ munications budget includes sufilcient runds their thoughts on educational problems essary to implement this decision. to support emergency peacekeeping and and legislation facing them in Iowa. One We also believe it necessary that the disaster relief efforts. United Nations' communications budget in­ The Secretary-General of Intelsat, after of the letters I received in response states clude sufilcient funds to support emergency negotiations with the United Nations, will the concerns of educators especially well peacekeeping and disaster relief efforts, and present a new proposal with regard to emer­ and I am submitting it for my colleagues we will request our Delegation to the United gency situations and the United Nations use to read: Nations to work toward this end. of Intelsat satellite communications, to the Representative En MEZVINSKY, I trust this information has been respon­ Board of Governors for decision on 20 March Longworth Building, sive to your inquiry. However, if you have 1974. Washington, D.a. any further questions, please let us know. DEAR MR. MEzVINsKY: I have received your Sincerely yours, letter regarding upcoming educa.tion legisla­ STANTON D. ANDERSON, NO BUSINESS AS USUAL ON SHALE tion and asking for my thoughts. As an edu­ Acting Assistant Secretary for Congre!­ cator and a local education leader I would sionaZ Relations. like to air some of the feelings of many HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN teachers in Scott County.... OF :rLOlUDA The ESEA funding methods do need revis­ UNITED NATIONS REQUEST FOR USE OF THE ing. The loss of funds under this program did SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM OF IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hurt many schools and could have been even INTELSAT: A NOTE ON THE MOST RECENT Wednesday, February 27, 1974 more severe without the 90 percent of 1972 DEvELOPMENTS funding guarantee. This entire formula. needs ACTION Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, we are to be replaced with a new, better, up-to-date The Intelsat First Assembly of Parties re­ only now feeling the effects of a Policy means of distributing these funds. The most jected the total United Nations request for that allowed a few corporations to con­ important aspect of such a. new method preferential rates on 8 February 1974. The trol oil, the lifeblood of our economy. seems to me to be equality-so that each and United Nations complete request was based Now we learn that the Federal Gov­ all schools are treated on an equal basis. on the following: ernment is permitting those same con­ The inability of teachers to move from one 1. Emergency communications with peace­ state to another without loss or discontinu­ keeping operations and disaster relief; glomerates to lease our Federal oil shale ance of pension plans has been a. burden for 2. Operational communications with land. teachers for a long time. I realize such a bill peace-keeping operations (current opera­ An excellent editorial on this very can have many problems in that many states tional units) ; subject appeared in the Miami Herald have different plans. The retirement plan in 3. Operational communications with major last Saturday, and I commend it to the Iowa., for example, is in a. word pathetic. United Nations offices; attention of my colleagues: I would hope legislation in the area of teacher 4. Environmental monitoring communica­ No BUSINESS AS .USUAL ON SHALE retirement would come forth a.t the federal tions; level and in such a way a.s to upgrade pro­ 5. Occasional informal television com­ With a new awareness by the American grams in states such as Iowa as well a.s pro­ munications. people that the companies which control vide mobility without loss. The United Nations request placed high­ much of the oil also control most of the coal, Collective bargaining legislation a.t the est priority on No. l, emergency communica­ there is growing concern over the Nlxon ad­ federal level is another must. There is a tions, and higher priority also on Nos. 2 ministration's policy on the leasing of fed­ great deal of controversy over such legis­ and 3. eral oil shale land in western Colorado. lation, but it must come if educators and The Assembly of Parties decision was based Standard OU of Indiana and Gulf Oil were education are to be able to survive and im­ on a recommendation from the Intelsat the successful bidders earlier this year on prove in the future. Too long have teachers Board of Governors made on 31January1974, the first tracts offered by the Interior De­ with many years of formal education been which stated that: partment. Now Shell, Ashland and Atlantic forced to beg for enough money to live, 1. Intelsat is operated on commercial prin­ Richfield have gone in with a company spe­ to beg for working conditions conducive to ciples; cializing in oll shale research to win the right eduootion, to beg for the proper textbooks 2. The membership of Intelsat is not iden­ to develop the second tract offered in the and materials to do a. good job. The time has tical to the membership of the United same region. Coming up later in the year will come for teachers to have some of the &a.me Nations. be bidding on four more large tracts of pub­ rights a.s people. Teachers a.re not asking lic land in Wyoming and Utah. AMENDMENT for such legislation for the purpose of drain­ Experts in the petroleum industry say it However, the original recommendation of ing the funds from education programs as will not be until the end of the century that some might try to make us believe. Instead the Board of Governors to the Assembly of production from the greasy rock in western Parties was amended on an initiative by the what teachers are asking for ls the right to states will come into the market in sizeable go in and bargain with their employers on a United States which called for the following: amounts. We suggest now is the time for There was a recognition that the United fair. open, and equal basis. Teachers "Nish Congress to make certain that the billions of to stop being "collective beggars" and be­ Nations has an important mission to serve barrels of shale oil are treated as a national come collective bargainers so that the funds mankind. Thus, Intelsat would like to co­ resource owned by the American people and that are available oan be put to the best use operate in, "some sense with regard to emer­ are not allowed to be monopolized by the for education-and as educators we feel gency needs." Thus, the Board of Governors, same corporations that have given the coun­ they a.re the ones who are really prepared to together with the assistance of the Secretary­ try its current fuel crisis. know when the funds will do the most good General of Intelsat, was directed to provide It was an American oil corporation that refused to deliver fuel to ships of the United for the end we wish to achieve--education. the United Nations access to the Intelsat I sincerely urge you to study collective bar­ system during emergency situations. States Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean when there was the threat of an encounter with gaining carefully, screen out the myths 1. Peace-keeping operations and disaster Soviet warships last October. It underscored and fallacies some would present, and pass relief; the international aspects of the major oil a collective bargaining bill based on facts. FURTHER NEGOTIATIONS companies of the world. It is almost as if The educators in Iowa and across the na­ There is reason to believe that during the they operate under flags of their own design. tion I am sure will use such legislation to forthcoming negotiations which will be held Should the nation's vast resources in the improve the quality of t.he education of within the next two weeks, the following will shale land of western states be delivered over our youth. be included: to these same corporations without substan- The final topic on which I would like to CXX--289-Part 4 __ jj 4576 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 dwell is the federal share of educational Though Estonia has continued to grow around liberally, and the congressman has funding. As you are quite aware, funds for and contribute to the world commuiiity, ladled it out with a liberal hand. education are often not a popular topic with this country has seen but brief glimpses In a series of speeches on the House floor, the general voting public. This seems to be not dissimilar in aggressiveness to the 48 most true at the local levels as evidenced of the freedoms that we, as Americans, speeches he made in trying to unravel by the organizations of taxpayers and other all too often take for granted. Yet, with Sharpstown, Gonzalez pointed the finger at groups to cut educational spending and low­ pride and great strength, the Estonians Coastal States Gas Producing Co. (San An­ er taxes directly. I am sure you are also a ware continue to work for their dreams of self­ tonio's supplier, sometimes), its board chair­ that the pressures are there at the state determination. man, the Texas Attorney General, and the level although I believe they are less severe. The strength of their dedication to the City Council. Such pressures were in large part respon­ ideals of politicaJ. and religious freedom "The gas crisis was not easy to produce in sible, however, for the crippling legislation Texas," Gonzalez said in one House speech. that was passed &nd put into effect in Iowa can serve as an inspiration to all op­ "It took some of the most devious dealings a few years ago. The Iowa state aid formula pressed nations and to we who all too of all time to produce Wyatt's gas bubble, simply 1s not doing the job adequately. Cer­ often forget how precious these freedoms and the vicious, ruthless tactics by which he tainly local property taxes have dropped. The are to all of mankind. burst it." state has, as a result carried a larger share At this time of commemoration, I wish He was referring to board chairman Oscar of the costs of education in the schools in to add my voice in tribute t.o this brave Wyatt. Iowa which seems to appease certain groups. nation. Many Estonian-Americans right­ VICIOUS THEFT But the result has been that looal schools If the Texas Railroad Commission allows simply are not able to meet and tteep up ly share a great feeling of pride at this time. I pray that lasting freedom will continued diversion of gas promised San An­ with rapidly rising inflation. A 7.9 percent tonio and other communities, Gonzalez cost of living increase as opposed to a 5 per­ come soon to Estonia. warned, it "will have sanctioned the most cent maximum increase in school budgets vicious theft in Texas history, and thus would point out the extent of this prob­ sealed the fate of those communities that lem. Funding for education must be shared must have gas from Coastal." more heavily by the federal government. GIANT-SLAYER HENRY B. AIMS AT What allows Gonzalez to take on giants This move, I am aware, would increase fed­ NEW VILLAIN: S. A. GAS CRISIS of industry and commerce without fear or eral taxes substantially. but at the same trepidation." time such taxes would be much more fair One reason ls he's independent of them, thra.n the property tax used to collect reve­ and has no conflicting interest. He works his nue for local districts in Iowa. I feel a Ya-%­ HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE congressional job full-time, doesn't carry a % sharing of educational funding by the OF TEXAS portfolio of gas and banking stock, and federal, state and local establishments is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES doesn't oper&te an outside business. the only equitable means of funding in our coming society. Please do all you can to move Wednesday, February 27, 1974 RICH OFFER things in such a direction. In fact, back in 1964 Gonzalez declined a I have indeed enjoyed presenting for you Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, I have businessman's offer of $14,000 worth of stock some of my views and do hope I have not over the last 5 meeting days of this in a San Antonio bank, along with chair­ been overbearing. Education is my life, the body presented to it a series of five manship of the bank's board of directors. life I prepared myself for, and the life I wish articles about my friend and colleague, The turndown so edified newspapermen to pursue for many years to come. But it has HENRY B. GONZALEZ. I have done it in and columnists that it was widely reported, become necessary for changes at the federal and included in books about Congress. order that my other fellow Members of Gonzalez sits on the House Banking and level if I am to be able to continue. I would Congress may share an insight to Con­ like very much to feel I could stick out my Currency Committee, and is chairman of its chest and say "yes, I am a teacher," rather gressman GONZALEZ that I have had the International Finance Committee. He also 1s than as today having to say "yes, I am just privilege of knowing for many years. a U.S. delegate to the U.S.-Mexico Interpar­ a teacher." Please help us out in Wasihlngton. HENRY B. GONZALEZ is one of the hard­ liamentary Conference. Sincerely, est working, most intelligent, and far­ Working his way up the seniority ladder, JACK C. DUDLEY, sighted Members I have in my 27 years in the coin of the realm in the House and Sen­ President, N.S.E.A. ate, Gonzalez a year ago was named one of these Chambers had the privilege of 20 Democratic zone whips in the House. His knowing. He achieves these praises be­ zone covers the Texas Democratic delegation. cause of his true compassion for his fel­ low man. PARTY MAN ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY A strong party man who always actively I am glad he is my friend. supports the Democratic nominees, Gonzalez The last of five parts follows: supported George McGovern. tfON. MATTHEW J. RINALDO GIANT-SLAYER HENRY B. AIMS AT NEW He supported him, he reports, "warts and VILLAIN: GAS CRISIS OF NEW JERSEY S.A. all," although he was disappointed that (By James McCrory) McGovern didn't follow his advice and hit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Nixon administration on the corruption As long as the city of San Antonio ls at Wednesday, February 27, 1974 issue. the mercy of free-booters, there will be no He disagreed with McGovern on McGov­ Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, recently stable commerce or industry. And there'll be little likelihood of attract- ern's abandonment of short-term vice presi­ we commemorwted the 56th anniversary ing new industry. _ dential nominee Thomas Eagleton. He had of the declaration of the independence informed McGovern that as long as Eagleton Those are the expressed thoughts of Con­ "isn't charged with cattle-rustling or horse of the Republic of Estonia. Estonia, the gressman Henry B. Gonzalez as he dons his northernmost Baltic country is a land of stealing I can defend him in Texas." armor and takes to horse again to level his Bexar County has never sent a man to brave people whose love of freedom has lance at the city's most formidable foe of the Congress better prepared in government than survived a long and dark oppression. moment--the energy crisis. Gonzalez. He had worked for both the city On February 24, 1918, Estonia pro­ FIRM FOR S.A. and county, was elected to the City Council claimed independence from all foreign The congressman reveals that he has been and the state Senate, and understood the rule and won its freedom from Soviet negotiating with a St. Louis businessman for operations of city, county, and state govern­ Russia in 1920. That bright period of in­ placement of a sizeable business enterprise ments before graduating to the House. dependence was short lived. In 1940, in the Alamo City. MEDICAL SCHOOL Estonia once again fell under the domi­ The business, Gonzalez said, would have Among the 42 bills he introduced, co-spon­ nation of the Soviet Union. had a starting roster of employees of 750, sored, or handled during five years in the This ancient people has survived a with a potential of 5,000. Senate was a bill to establish a medical stormy history fraught with threats of But the businessman, Gonzalez said, in­ school in San Antonio. formed him there 1s no way he could seri­ Passage of the medical school blll by the subjugation for the past 6,000 years. ously consider coming into San Antonio with House and Senate culminated a 12-yeal' They have always been able to recover the gas shortage problem facing the city. struggle, and the 25-4 vote in the Senate and rebuild. Modern Estonia has become Gonzalez hasn't given up hope of landing over active opposition by Sen. Charles Her­ an outpost of Western culture and an the business, but he does agree that the gas ring, who wanted the school for Austin, was important center of industriaJ. activity in shortage is the number one challenge facing called "one of the overlooked political coups East.em Europe, Estonia's musical him at the present time. of the regular session. achievements are world renowned. The HANDS IT OUT HEMISFAIR contributions of this small country to Now there ds enough blame in San An­ One of his proudest achievements in the the oll shale industry are well known. tonio's present embroglio over gas to pass U.S. House was the passage of legislation February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4577 calling for federal sanction and, participa­ LETTER FROM A KOREAN WAR Another example of government mismanage­ tion in HemlsFair 1968. It was the first VETERAN ment. world's fair held in the U.S. south of St. Watergate: After reading the first part of Louis my letter I could have placed the caption Creation of HemlsFair was a major plank "Watergate" on the top of page 1. All I want in Gonzalez' original campaign for Congress, HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN to say is this. If Nixon ls chargeable then im­ and the congressman was instrumental in OF NEW YORK peach him, if not, then let's stop all thta getting a $30 million bond issue passed in political double talk and T.V. marathons and San Antonio for the fair. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES get off his back. He then guided the measure through the Wednesday, February 27, 1974 The way I see it Congress ls just talking, Congress, the Secretary of State, and the but afraid to act. "Let's get on with it." Bureau of International Expositions. Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, today You know during the 1960's when the Viet­ In 1966 he authored the blll which author­ I would like to share with my colleagues nam war was going on, and I used to see in ized the federal exhibit at HemtsFalr, and portions of an eloquent letter I have re­ the pa.per the number of men who refused won approval of $6.5 million in federal funds ceived from a constituent. Mr. Andrew to serve in the armed forces it used to gall for a federal pavllllon. Cangelosi, a veteran of the Korean war me, maybe because when I was drafted in LOCAL REACTION who describes himself as "a simple work­ 1952 and sent to Korea I didn't make any While the present reaction to the 1968 fair fuss just went, and nobody during those ingman," has written me of his dislllu­ years made any commotion about going, but ls mtxed, the city has more than $12 mllllon sionment with our Government. I believe in convention facllitles it wouldn't have had these kids during the '60's didn't make any except for HemlsFair. That put it in com­ that all of us in public office must meet sense to me, but looking back in retrospect petition for some of the large conventions the challenge of his question: "Can any­ maybe they saw then, what I'm starting to see and tourist trade going to other larger Texas thing be done to clean the whole sys­ now, and that ls: dislllusionment in the way cities. tem up?" The text of the letter follows: our government ls being operated, and that ls ls ls, And HemisFalr, coming on top of the BROOKLYN, N.Y. sad, but what even sadder "can really medical school, probably solldlfled Gonzal­ MY DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN HOLTZMAN: I am anything be done to clean the whole system ez' support from the business community. taking the time out this evening to let you up?" know as my representative how I feel on I know you can't give me any iron clad NEAR PERFECT solutions for all the problems in government, stm possessed of the formidable energy certain issues. Anyhow, I am writing to you as a person but at least I feel the Congress must start, which has characterized him throughout his and bring us down to earth. We are a people political career, Gonzalez has a near perfect very dislllusioned in the way this government ls being run. I am just a simple working man walking on air, nothing stable underneath. attendance record in Congress. Thank you. In his legislative efforts, he has won some on the side lines looking at all the corrup­ tion at all levels of government, and I say Sincerely yours, and lost some. ANDREW J. CANGELOSI. He helped defeat the bracero program, and to myself: "These are the very people who passed legislation giving San Antonio mil­ are telllng me to be morally strong, and lions of dollars in federal grants and loans straight, and conscious of my neighbor etc.'' !or housing, hospitals, urban renewal, chan­ And here they are committing every con­ nel improvements, schools, and the Veterans ceivable sin on earth. NO-LEAD GASOLINE? Administration Hospital. There was a point in my life when I thought the U.S. Government could do no BIKE PATHS wrong (about 20 years ago). But now I find He ls seeking enactment of a bill to pro­ myself wondering if I was really right in my HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK vide funds for bicycle paths, ha.s consistently thinking. Government to me now is nothing OF OHIO fought war profiteering and helped fight for but a big political football. I do not feel they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES extention of the Renegotiating Board to serve the interest of the gene!'lal public. The check defense contracts, and has introduced only people it seems are the politicians who Wednesday, February 27, 1974 legislation to make it impossible to draft make all kinds of deals, and get rich schemes Mr. men for duty in combat areas except in con­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Speaker, the at the expense of the people who honestly is gressionally declared wars. thought they would get good representation energy crisis a matter of great concern He ls pushing legislation for health care, by electing them (not referring to you). I to Americans. Unfortunately, there are mental health insurance, and a "Bill of wouldn't be writing to you if for one minute no easy solutions to this crisis. The ideas Rights for the Mentally Retarded." I had any doubt of your integrity. and suggestions of all Americans are One fight he appears imminently in dan­ But honestly all one has to do ls pick up needed. Therefore, I would like to bring ger of losing ls his battle for the return of a newspaper and what do you read? Presi­ to the attention of my colleagues the the penny postcard. The longer he fights on dent involved, high officials of administra­ following letter from one of my constit­ tha~ issue, it appears, the higher the rates go. tion involved, congressman involved, etc. uents regarding no-lead gasoline. I think OPPOSED DST These are the very people who should least his suggestion merits our attention: good Gonzalez also voted against adoption of get involved, fine education, supposedly ENGLEFIELD On. Co., Daylight Saving Time, a position which ap­ backgrounds, fine families, elected to fine Newark, Ohio, February 7, 1974. pears to be in line with the thinking of his position. I wouldn't exactly say they are Hon. JOHN AsHBROOK, constituents. starving on their salaries and yet they are House of Representatives, Over the years, the congressman has won involved in shady deals. And yet these are House Office Building, many honors and commendations for his the very people who are our leaders, and Washington, D.C. stands. should get the respect for the office they DEAR JOHN: There are two problems with However, as the outcries from the far right hold, but do they deserve the respect espe­ initiating the "no lead in gasoline" for the subside, the condemnations from activist cially from the young When there is so much 1975 cars. Chicanos increase. going on. Is it any wonder why we have so No. 1. It requires approximately 6% more Which other Bexar County politician has much crime, drug abuse, etc.? The Govern­ crude oil to produce the same amount of reached the point where solidly-conservative ment sets no example, people feel, well they gallons of gasoline as are required with County Tax Assessor-Collector Charles Davis leaded gasoline. would establish a special dispensary for per­ can get away with it, why can't I. sonal HBG license plates? Those plates have It seems whatever the Government puts No. 2. The cost to change service stations graced hundreds of ca.rs in Bexar County. their hand on, it turns completely sour. For from a leaded gasoline station to a leaded instance: All you hear about is a council and non-leaded gasoline service station runs KEY REASON for this, and a commission that, and what somewhere from $3,000.00 to $12,000.00 per In any study of what makes Henry run, it comes of it really, food prices are as high as unit, depending on the particular type of would be remiss not to mention one factor ever, if not higher, milk 40¢ a quart, bread installation and the desired change. At the that certainly played a part in his jump from the state Senate to Congress. 45¢ a loaf and I could go on. These counclls present time, there are no provisions for That would be his wife, Bertha, and eight it seems to me are only to placate the public. passing through this increased cost, making children. Even a magician couldn't feed, Again government has failed. Now we have it an impossible burden on the small busi­ clothe, and shelter a. family that size on a an energy crisis I wonder! I wonder if it isn't ness man. $4,800 a year state Senate salary as she did. just a scheme for the big oil companies to With the energy crisis that we have today, Barring death or disability, Gonzalez ap­ just squeeze the public a little more, making it seems to us to be advisable to postpone pears at this point to be destined to join it harder and harder to earn a living. We got the "no lead" product for several yea.rs. that illustrous group of Texans enjoying to the moon ten years or so ago, and here in Very truly yours, lengthy seniority and leadership positions in 1974 we have no gas, shortage of fuel to heat F. w. ENGLEFIELD, the U.S. House. homes, and other related incidents to energy. President. 4578 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 "BUSING" AND PUBLIC EDUCATION: sought to destroy that decision with strata­ ment, agency, officer, or employee of the gems, economic pressure and even violence. United States" to withhold funds from RESPECT THE COURTS, PROTECT New recruits from above the Mason-Dixon · school boards, public schools or class op­ THE CHILDREN line have joined in the fray as votes on so­ erating under a so-called freedom of choice ca.lled a.ntlbuslng amendments will show. system. From the beginning of the pro-segrega­ Section 1203 would prevent withholding of tionist effort to nullify the Brown decision funds from public schools as an inducement HON. ANDREW YOUNG the contest has been unequal. Those who to transport students "for the purpose of OF GEORGIA supported the decision had limited funds, altering in any way the racial composition IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES slender resources and few forums in which of the student body" of a public school Wednesday, February 27, 1974 to state their views. Those who opposed the operating under the "freedom of choice" plan decision controlled the political and eco­ or "any other public school." Mr. YOUNG of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, nomic power in the areas of resistance. They Section 1204 would prevent the withhold­ last week Mr. Clarence Mitchell, director could and did fire hundreds from jobs as ing of funds "to coerce or induce" any of the Washington Bureau of the Na­ reprisals, they could and did use their state, school board opera.ting such a (freedom of county and local treasuries to raise delaying choice) public school system to close any tional Association for the Advancement questions in courts. They could and did use public school, and transfer the students of Colored People, testified before the their legislatures, county commissions and from it to another public school for the pur­ Senate Subcommittee on Constitutional city councils to pass laws that were open and pose of .altering in any way the racial com­ Rights, on bills related to court-ordered defiant efforts to keep the schools segregated. position of the student body at any publlc busing of schoolchildren. They could and did use the United States school. Unfortunately, Mr. Mitchell's careful House of Representatives and the United Section 1205 would prevent funds from be­ analysis of the proposed legislation has States Senate as forums in which to proclaim ing withheld as an inducement to affect de­ received little notice. I urge Members to manifestos, doctrines of nullification, pro­ segregation of faculties in public schools. posals for interposition and proposed revi­ Section 1206 would open the door for a read his presentation. sions of the United States constitution itself. flood of suits against the United States to Mr. Mitchell observed that the bills Moreover, they were aided by the agencies force the release of funds that are withheld before the Senate subcommittee have of the executive branch of the government for the purpose of seeing that Federal monies two things in common: First, they would of the United States. are spent on a non-discriminatory basis. "undermine and nullify" U.S. Supreme This quotation from Swann describes an Using the disguise of freedom of choice, Court decisions going all the way back to all too familiar pattern of the Federal power S. 1737 prohibits the withholding or threat the landmark decision of 20 years ago to being used to support segregation in the to withhold funds in order to promote deseg­ desegregate the public schools. Second, public schools: regation by: "Residential patterns in the city (Char­ ( 1) Transportation of students the proposed measures seek "to reim­ lotte, N.C.) and county (Mecklenburg) re­ (2) Closing of schools and transfer of stu­ pose upon the schoolchildren of the sulted in part from Federal, State and local dents United States the unconstitutional han­ government action other than school board (3) Transfer of faculty. dicap of separate and unequal education decisions. School board action based on these Each and every one of these forms of based on race." patterns, for example by locating schools in effecting desegregation has been approved Mr. Mitchell added: Negro residential areas and :fixing the size by the Supreme Court, where the circum­ stances warrant their use. The bill would Since 1954, those who want to maintain of schools to accommodate the needs of im­ mediate neighborhoods, resulted in segre­ place government agencies and personnel in a dual system of education based on race gated education." a threefold dilemma. First, it seeks to force have sought to destroy that decision with them to ignore the law of the land, as in­ strategems, economic pressure and even vio­ As we have said, the b1lls now under con­ lence. sideration by this subcommittee seek to terpreted by the Supreme Court. Second, in undermine Supreme Court decisions. They some instances, it would require them to ig­ He concluded: would also cancel out the legislative -:Jacking nore court orders directed to them (such as At a time when our country is torn by given to desegregation of the public schools that in Adams v. Richardson) and place strife about whether government officials under titles IV and VI of the 1964 Civil them in danger of contempt of court. Third, have engaged in unlawful acts, it ls tragic to Rights Act and safeguards protecting edu­ it seeks to force them to violate the oath of see that an effort ls being made to give cators against discrimination provided by office the government officials take under statutory protection to acts and practices 1972 amendments to the Equal Employment article VI of the Constitution to support the that have unlawfully delayed desegregation Opportunity Act. Constitution. For if they do what this bill in the public schools. In Brown II ( 1955) the Supreme Court would direct them to do, they would be in described remedies that could be used to im­ violation of that oath. It is my hope that the Congress will plement Brown I (1954). The following is As a final coup de grace section 1207 would reject the pending legislation and show the exact language of the court: bar courts of the United States from having a willingness to respect the courts and "In the fashioning and effectuating of jurisdiction "to make any decisions, enter the judicial process, which has protected decrees, the courts will be guided by equi­ any judgment or issue any order requiring table principles. . . . The courts may con­ any school board to make any change in the the constitutional rights of children. The sider problems related to administration racial composition of the student body at Congress can then move on to meet the a.rising from the physical condition of th~ any public school or in any class at any pub­ challenge of saving public education in school plant, the sohool transportation sys­ lic school to which students are assigned in this Nation and providing all children tem, personnel, revision of school districts conformity with a freedom of choice sys­ with an opportunity to have the best pos­ and attendance areas into compact units to tem.... "It would also prevent transporta­ sible education. achieve a system of determining admission tion of students, give parents the right to re­ Mr. Mitchell's testimony follows: to the public schools on a non-racial basis fuse to send their children to a given school, and revision of local laws .and regulations prevent transfer of children from closed STATEMENT OF CLARENCE MITCHELL which may be necessary in solving the fore­ schools and the transfer of faculty members Mr. Chairman and members of the sub­ going problems. They wlll also consider the if such actions would conflict with freedom committee: I am Clarence Mitchell, Director adequacy of any plans the defendants may of choice plans. of the Washington Bureau of the National propose to meet these problems and to ef­ The long record of court cases involving Association for the Advancement of Colored fectuate transition to a racially non-discrim­ freedom of choice plans shows that the mere People. I appear to register our organization's inatory school system." use of the words does not insure that a opposition to S. 179, S. 287, S. 619 and s. 1737. Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act pro­ school system which was formerly segregated Although they use different approaches, all hibits "exclusion from participation in, on the basis of race will become a unitary of these b1lls have two things in common. denial of benefit.s of and discrimination system. At present the burden of proof is on Each of them would undermine or nullify under federally assisted programs on grounds those who discriminate. S. 1737 would effec­ United States Supreme Court decisions rang­ tively shift the burden to the victims of ing in time from Brown v. Board of Educa­ of race, color or national origin." Under this discrimination. S. 1737 would also effectively tion, 347, U.S. 483 (1954), 349 U.S. 294 (1955) title Federal .agencies have the power to deprive the courts of power to give remedies to Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board withhold funds from school systems that in cases where the definition of freedom of of Education, 402 U.S. 1 (1971). Each of them discriminate on the basis of race. choice under section 1201 (g) of S. 1737 has seeks to reimpose upon the schoolchildren S. 1737 makes a systematic attempt to been met. Under the definition of freedom of the United States the unconstitutional knock out the cited portion of Brown II and of choice in S. 1737 results that give only handicap of separate and unequal education also to destroy the safeguards against spend­ token or lip service to desegregation would based on race. ing Federal funds to support segregatio:Iias be permitted and the courts would be power­ Twenty years ago the United States Su­ provided by Title VI. less to change them. preme Court struck down racial segregation S. 1737 would enact a new Title XII to the As S. 1737 seeks to ut111ze the "freedom of in the public schools. From that day to tlie Civil Rights Act of 1964. lt would be called choice" concept to maintain the dual school present those who want to maintain a dual public school-freedom of choice. system, S. 619 seeks to do the same by re­ system of education based on race have Section 1202 would forbid any "depart- lying on the "neighborhood school" concept. February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4579 The bill would require that before a court lation changes. This finding is also imple­ from the yoke of Communist oppression or Federal department or agency orders stu­ mented later in the act by the provision (sec­ by a people who wish to have their hu­ dent transportation as a remedy for school tion 207) on termination of orders. This falls man rights honored by the Soviet Union. desegregation, it must consider five other to take into consideration the role that Gov­ I support the efforts of various Lith­ possible remedies-the neighborhood school, ernment plays 1n the racial composition of taking into account school capacities and school districts through housing, education, uanian organizations and others to lib­ natural physical barriers; the neighborhood transportation, community services and other erate people and countries who are school, taking into account only school ca­ governmental policies and practices and how strangling under the Soviet Govern­ pacities; transfer of students from schools these policies result in population changes. ment's denial of self-determination, free in which members of their race are a ma­ S. 179 represents a frontal attack on the speech, and religious freedom. jority to those in which they are a minority; judiciary. It seeks to take from courts "juris­ Americans of Lithuanian descent can rezoning school attendance zones; any other diction" to make any decision, enter any be proud of their continued efforts to free educationally sound and administratively judgment, or issue any order requiring trans­ feasible plans. portation to effect school desegregation. their homeland from Soviet oppression. All of these remedies have, of course, been While using jurisdictional language, this It is important to note that the U.S. considered by the courts before student bill does not in fact prevent courts from Congress can strike a blow for freedom transportation was ordered in some cases as hearing school desegregation cases. It pre­ by sending to the President the trade bill a last resort. The establishment of these cri­ vents them from granting successful litigants which properly denies most-favored-na­ teria is, then, a meaningless gesture. The a full remedy. Under it a court could find tion status to the Soviet Union for its only purpose we see it serves is to harass that the 14th amendment requires pupil freeze on emigration. Approval by the transportation, but could not order public those courts that have worked diligently to is bring about effective desegregation and to ofilcials to provide that transportation. We Senate of the House-passed trade bill provide an excuse for further delay for those feel that this is a statutory attempt to amend urgent and must contain this denial of that have tried to evade their responsibili­ the Constitution and that it ts constitu­ U.S. aid in trade to the Soviet Union. ties. tionally defective because Congress lacks the Under S. 619, where student transportation power to so amend the Constitution. On the is allowed, it would be permitted only to the practical level, if permitted, it would set up closest or next closest school. This obviously congress as a super court, with authority to HAYM SALOMON, REVOLUTIONARY would shut off students of inner city schools overrule any decision of a court by revoking PATRIOT from relief from segregation in many places. the court's "jurisdiction" to render the ob­ We suggest that this, too, is but another jectionable decision. attack on our judicial system. It seeks un­ Apparently 1n anticipation the courts will constitutionally to 11m1t the right of the not accept the legal principle the bill's au­ HON. GEORGE E. DANIELSON courts to grant litigants full relief, or to fully thor espouses, the bill further provides that OF CALIFORNIA implement the equal protection clause of when courts do order pupil transportation, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the 14th amendment. The courts have inter­ the orders may not become effective untll all preted that provision of the Constitution, in appeals are exhausted or the time for appeals Wednesday, February 27, 1974 some instances, to require the transporta­ has expired. Mr. DANIELSON. Mr. Speaker, the tion of students to end the dual school sys­ Thus, after twenty years of delay in the tem. This blll seeks to thwart these decisions implementation of the Brown decision, we year 1973 marked the 200th anniversary by denying the relief that the courts have have a proposal to continue indefinitely the of the arrival in America of a young found the 14th amendment requires. time in which that decision may become Polish immigrant, Haym Salomon, who This blll also contains what we consider to fully effective. Anyone familiar with our became an important figure in the Amer­ be one of the most destructive legislative legal system knows that delay can become a ican Revolution. Knowing that my col­ proposals advanced in the fight against de­ way of life for those bent on delay, notwith­ leagues would be interested in learning segregation. We refer to section 206, which standing the "expedited" judicial determina­ the story of this forgotten revolutionary would permit the reopening of any school tion provisions of the blll. desegregation law suit or plan approved un­ S. 287 goes much beyond S. 179. It would hero, I have compiled a brief biography der title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. deny jurisdiction to Federal courts 1n any of Haym Salomon which follows: This would allow the reexamination of every case involving a public school, except for ap­ liAYM SALOMON court and agency decision on desegregation peal or petition for writ of certiorari to the Two hundred years ago, while the British going back to the 1954 Brown decision, lit­ Supreme Court. colonies in America were being drawn closer erally thousands of decisions and plans. While this would apply to school desegrega­ and closer toward the American Revolution, By holding out a false hope of upsetting tion cases, it would also bar access to Federal a man arrived in New York from Poland who such desegregation as has been accomplished, courts 1n many other areas of constitutional was to play a crucial role in the approaching this provision would create legal and com­ law. Some that come to mind are 1st amend­ struggle for independence. The contribution munity chaos and revive all the controversies, ment rights relating to prayer in public of this great patriot, Ha.ym Salomon, has many of them bitter, that we had hoped were schools, academic freedom, student protest; seen little recognition and heard little praise behind us. We do not think that in legal re­ constitutionally protected property rights up to this day. But this year, finally, on the sults it would accomplish anything except a such as teacher tenure and pension rights; two-hundredth anniversary of Haym Salo­ mass of pointless litigation. In community due process in teaching discharge cases, etc. mon's immigration to America, he wlll be terms it would only encourage a revival of It would lower the public school to the posi­ honored with a medal to be issued by the activities by segregationist diehards. tion of the only public institution whose Jewish-American Ha.11 of Fame. Without going into all the details of the activities are beyond constitutional review by Ha.ym Salomon has been described by Fred­ blll, we find many other provisions objec­ the Federal courts. We see nothing in law or erick M. Schweitzen (in A History of the tionable to those who believe 1n equality of reason that would justify such a sweeping Jews Since the First Century, A.D.) as a opportunity. exemption and cannot believe the Congress "somewhat legendary figure . . . who helped Among the proposed legislative findings, Will take this proposal seriously. to finance the (American) Revolution." we would point out three that are particu­ At a time when our country is torn by Surely his dedicated efforts to assist his larly disturbing. The first of these is that strife about whether Government 1'fficia.ls adopted country in her fight for freedom the dual school system has been effectively have engaged in unlawul acts, it is tragic deserve greater recognition than this. Per­ dismantled. This flies in the face of reality. to see that an effort is being ma.de to give haps we have neglected Salomon because he Not only is it necessary to monitor many statutory protection t-0 acts and practices was not a mllitary hero as George Washing­ school districts under court or agency order that have unlawfully delayed desegregation ton was, or a political hero as Benjamin to determine whether they are fulfilling their in the public schools. We urge that S. 179, S. Franklin, John Hancock, and Patrick Henry obligations under the orders, but discovery 287, S. 619 and S. 1737 be rejected. were. Instead, Ha.ym Salomon contributed his of segregation in previously undetected areas money, and his time and considerable talent frequently occurs. This is especially so in the as a broker and financier for the Govern­ North, where many of the subtle practices in ment. race relations made what in fa.ct is de jure LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE Upon arriving in New York at the age of segregation appear de facto. Another of the 32, young Salomon embarked upon a success­ findings we feel is erroneous is that declar­ ful career as a broker. He soon became in­ ing it against public policy to require racial volved in patriotic activities against the balance. Although the Supreme Court in the HON. JOHN D. DINGELL British which eventually resulted in his fiight Swann case found this not to be constitu­ OF MIClllGAN to Philadelphia. in 1778. There he reestablish- tionally required, it held that there was dis­ ed himself as a broker and lent his valuable cretion in local school boards to establish a IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES services to Robert Morris, the Superintend­ racial balance. We believe that discretion Wednesday, February 27, 1974 ent of Finance for the Continental Govern­ should be protected. The last of these find­ ment, as "broker of United States Govern­ ings that we will note at present is that which Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I take ment." In his capacity as almost the sole would make it against public policy to re­ this opportunity on the 56th anniversary agent for the finance omce, he did much to quire racial adjustments once desegregation month of Lithuanian independence to maintain the credit of the government. has been accomplished, despite later popu- commemorate this struggle for freedom At a time when George Washington's 4580 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 Revolutionary Army was on the verge of which Mr. Harden has presented, I sub­ the establishment of the Republic of collapsing, Salomon was active in securing mit his entire letter in tJle RECORD: Estonia. This year is a memorable the money and supplies necessary for the MEKCUBY On. Co., occasion for all Americans of Estonian victory of the American cause. The dairy of San Jose, Calif., February 15, 1974. descent for it documents the struggle Robert Morris shows no less than seventy­ CHARLES S. GUBSER, which this tiny Baltic nation has waged five transactions with Salomon between Member of Congress, August 1781 and April 1784. Government repeatedly for its independence, and also House o/ .Representattves, commemorates the lOOth birthday of the records indicate that he wanted no interest w ashington, D .C. on the financial transactions he made in be­ DEAR M:a. GUBSER: The purpose of this last President of Estonia, Konstantin half of the Government. And in addition to communication is to acquaint you and hope­ PaJts. his contributions to the Revolutionary Gov­ fully large numbers of your congressional Men and women who have always lived ernment, HaYII1 Salomon made personal associates with the facts underlying the in freedom will never understand the loans to delegates, to the Continental Con­ "stripper well" program which congress freed extent of the personal loss that the gress, like James Madison and Edmond Ran­ from price controls in late 1973 and now pro­ dolph, and to a number of prominent Estonians have been subjected to over poses to place under an arbitration fixed price the years, but I know they can sym­ Pennsylvanians. control. Congress has many times before been pre­ In outline form we present the following pathize with that loss. sented with the story of Haym Salomon, as it affects our small independent oil pro­ I would like to take this opportunity mostly as a result of several attempts by his ducing company (1973 gross income-less to join with all Americans of Estonian heirs to collect their claim of over $600,000 than $100,000.00): descent in the fervent hope that this na­ from the U.S. Government. In 1850, a Con­ (1) Based upon the 1973 Act of Congress tion will again be free. gressional committee report said: "The we are in the process of putting approxi­ Committee, from the evidence before them, mately 15 "strippers" back into production. are induced to consider Haym Salomon as (2) These wells will require considerable one of the truest and most efficient friends and expensive renovation to make them pro­ EDWARD J. BURKE of the country at a very critical period of its ductive even to their oil producing levels at history." Later, in 1864, a Senate committee the date they were shut down. They were called the claim one of "undeniable merit,'' shut down of course because they were previ­ yet by 1893 the claim had stlll not been ously unprofitable. HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN paid. At that time Salomon's heirs gave up (3) In addition to the renovation costs OF FLORIDA their efforts to secure reimbursement and these wells require constant maintenance asked instead that a commemorative medal such as clean-outs; motor maintenance; and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be struck in honor of their ancestor. A bill water disposal. These wells produce a great Wednesday, February 27, 1974 was introduced and considered, but never deal of water along with the oil produced. passed by Congress. (4) The ecology movement has of course Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, recently Now, at long last, a medalic sculpture of increased our expenses. Some of their re­ the Biscayne Park Civic Club honored Haym Salomon, designed by Paul Vincze, quirements are fair and necessary, some are the mayor of Biscayne Park, the Honor­ who has made medals of President Truman, extremely harsh and counter productive. able Edward J. Burke, for his many years Pope Paul VI, Queen Elizabeth, and Sir (5) We expect to produce approximately of dedicated service and leadership to Winston Churchill, has been struck. Haym one to two barrels of oil a day from each their community. He serves his people Salomon, American patriot, is finally achiev­ of the wells we put back into production. ing some of the recognlzation that he has de­ This figure may seem small but 15 barrels of well. Such officeholders and public serv­ served for so many years. It is appropriate oil a day at 42 gallons each will produce ants as Ed who function at the grassroots that his memory will be honored in time for approximately 18,000-36,000 gallons of use­ levels of our policy system are the main­ the Bicentennial of the Nation he helped to ful fossil fuels a month ( 15 wells x 1 barrel x stay of the American political system. create. 40 gallons of fuels each x 30 days equals People such as Ed may not make the 18,000 gallons) . This is a small figure by ma­ headlines or the 6 o'clock news, but with­ jor oil company standards but would in itself out them our political system would grind "STRIPPER WELL" EXEMPTION serve the requirements of quite few cars; to a halt. FROM OIL PRICE CONTROLS MUST trucks and other consumers of energy. (6) We of course pay a royalty to the par­ I include the following material: CONTINUE ties who lease us our land. This figure is EDWARD J. BURKE 19% % of our gross production. The man we honor here tonight has a long (7) We have approximately 2300 acres un­ list of accomplishments. He has been a resi­ HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER der lease and intend to explore and develop dent of the vmage for 27 years. In 1961 he OF CALIFORNIA the property as fast as our funds permit. We was elected to the Biscayne Park Commis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES live in the hope our future exploration will sion and last month started his 13th year and take us out of the "stripper" class. The eight his 5th term as mayor. In 1961 he was also Wednesday, February 27, 1974 wells we already have in production plus the the chairman of Dade County's Inspectors. Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, as you fifteen now being activated will give us an In 1966 he was the United Fund Chairman average of 3 to 4 barrels per day per well. for 11 cities. In 1967 he was elected to the know, Congress took action in late 1973 In conclusion, we would like to point out board of directors for the North Dade YMCA. to exempt the production of so-called that we along with thousands of other small In 1969 he served on the board of directors stripper oil wells from price controls. operators need profits from this modest pro­ of the Miami Shore Men's Club. In 1972 he This has proven to be in the long-range duction to finance the exploration of the bal­ was elected president of the Dade County best interests of the country because, in ance of our undeveloped acreage. As you League of Cities and was elected to the board these oil short times, it has made it pos­ know, exploration costs have increased dra­ of directors of the Florida. League of Cities sible for uneconomic wells to be brought matically in the last year. Please help us and to the National Committee on Publlc back into production thereby helping to be free of controls which will inhibit us from Safety. increasing our production which we all know He is now serving as a member of the board alleviate the energy crisis. today "is the name of the game". of trustees of 3rd Century U.S.A. Many of you We all know there is danger that the Thank you for your kind attention in this remember that in 1969 he alerted all of North so-called rollback provisions of the en­ regard. Dade and was a leader in the fight against ergy bill which has been pending for Very truly yours, the Opa Lock& Expressway that would have some time will apply to these marginal JACK HARDEN, destroyed our village. production wells. In my opinion, this I think that an editorial that appeared would be a mistake. Dec. 5, 1971, in. the North Dade Journal sums Recently, I have received a letter from it up pretty well and I w1l1 make an exact THE 56TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE quote: Mr. Jack Harden, a long-established "Many mayors of small vlllages run only acquaintance of mine, who owns and op­ REPUBLIC OF ESTONIA for title. Mayor Ed Burke of Biscayne Park erates the Mercury OU Co. Mr. Harden is not that kind of mayor and never has been. clearly Points out the economics of strip­ HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER For the past 10 years he has been a dedicated servant of the vlllage. He 1s highly respected per oil production and in my opinion, his OJ!' CONNECTICUT letter presents a clearcut case for exemp­ and admired by officials of other cities for tion of these wells from price controls. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his dedication and for his knowledge of local Wednesday, February 27, 1974 probtems. He goes beyond the call of duty So that my colleagues who will soon 1n. finding out what Metro is doing and how be called UPon to vote on this imPortant Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, Febru­ his village wlll be a1fected. He is always alert issue may be famlliar with the logic ary 24 marked the 56th anniversary of to any activity, such as expressways or high- February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4581 rise development that might be detrimental Violence, both on a large and individual legit1Inate union activities. I,said that acts of to his village. scale, was a hallmark of the continuing violence, ranging from assaults to arson and "It would be difftcult to imagine how any­ battle. widespread destruction, are severely damag­ one could do more than Mayor Burke to earn Twenty-three Building and Construction ing to the best interests of the overwhelming the right to be re-elected." Trades Council members are under indict­ majority of peaceful unions and law-abiding ment in the June 5, 1972, onslaught at King members. of Prussia 1n my district, when some 1,000 The reaction to the harassment and intim­ men alighted from chartered buses, and idation of the unionists tended to support LABOR VIOLENCE vandalized and fire-bombed a non-union site my contention. Letters, telegrams and phone where the Altemose Construction Co. was calls deplored their actions. Only one letter building a Sheraton hotel. The attack was reached my office which alleged I was anti· perhaps the most-publicized In a series of labor and objected to my sponsoring the leg­ HON. JOHN· B. ANDERSON nationwide acts of violence against non­ islation. OF ILLINOIS union contractors. [See "A Builder Stands My decision to sponsor the blll, introduced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Up to Union Violence," NATION'S BUSINESS, by Rep. John B. Anderson (R.-Ill.), was not Wednesday, February 27, 1974 February, 1973.] ha.sty nor 111-considered. With the widespread As soon as I moved onto the sidewalk in revulsion over the King of Prussia assault, I Mr. ANDERSON of lliinois. Mr. Roxborough to talk with constituents, the had undertaken a study of labor-manage­ Speaker, I would like to take this oppor­ hecklers moved in close and started their ment disputes and the possibll11Jies of new tunity to call to the attention of the harassment. People on the street and in legislation. I had concentrated particularly stores with whom I tried to talk were on the role of the National Labor Relations House an excellent article on the subject shocked and apprehensive. Board. of violence in labor-management ·dis­ At my elbows and over my shoulders, the putes which appeared in the December HOBBLING THE HOBBS ACT agitators kept up a rapid-fire barrage of one­ Then, in February, 1973, the U.S. Supreme 1973, issue of Nation's Business. liners. "Coughlin's no friend of yours!" one Court ruled-to the amazement of many ob­ Written by my good friend and col­ would bellow. A second would cry, "Tell them servers-that the Hobbs Act of 1946 did not league from Pennsylvania e as much as sumer's heating needs and has done so with tric heat at much lower rates than they do to 75 % higher than the prices paid by dealers reasonable success, assuring the consumer of homeowners With oll heat and N.Y. State who buy from major oil companies. As a a choice which would otherwise not be PSC Chairman Bwidler knows it and con­ result, the dealers buying from independent available. dones it! wholesalers have lost thousands of accounts Now-since the onset of the energy crisis­ In summary, gentlemen, we a.re angry and to their major supplied competitors and the Federal Government has imposed a se­ beWildered-why are we singled out to shoul­ consumers who did not sWitch dealers were ries of allocation regulations and mind­ der the whole burden of the energy crisis? forced to pay exorbitant prices in the range boggling and punishing price controls on the Why are natural gas and electric utility cus­ of 10-15 cents per gallon higher than their heating oil industry and, what's worse, has tomers not forced to share in the inconven­ neighbors. scared the hell out of our customers and ience and/or hardship of the energy crisis­ Because of this, many small companies made us scare the hell out of our customers especially when gas and residual oil are far have been in danger of going out of busi­ by threatening dry tanks and cold homes if more short than No. 2 oil? Why should ness through no fault of their own and they don't cut oil consumption by 15 % by home heating on dealers have to jawbone hundreds of thousands of consumers, again lowering the thermostat six degrees. Mean­ and threaten customers to conserve, when through no fault of their own, have had while, nobody at the state or federal level to utilities and their customers it is business to absorb millions of dollars of higher fuel has mandated anything on the customers of as usual? By its inaction, the FEO is coun­ costs. the electric and gas utilities. tenancing and hastening the demise of the The FEO has known of this problem for Gentlemen-we have an energy crisis-it only non-monopolistic segment of the retail six to eight weeks and while it has shown ls not just an oil crisis! In fact, according heating industry. The heating on dealer's sympathy and understanding, it simply has to the FEO's own statistics and statements, customers will convert by the thousands this not acted decisively to end this outrageous the supplies of natural gas and residual oll spring, after being jawboned and scared all disparity. What's worse, the FEO was given are ln far worse shape than any other fuels l Winter by the FEO inspired press. Already, the an explicit, workable plan on January 14th Ironically, the natural gas utllities have re­ new home builders have switched to electric by the Independent Fuel Terminal Operators sponded to the energy crisis by cutting off and gas because "there's no fuel oll problem" Association which would have ended this their industrial and commercial so-called in­ and advertising as such in the newspapers. So problem by February 1st. Not only was this terruptible or low rate paying customers in again, we ask, why does the government beat plan not implemented, but the man to whom order to fulfill all the needs of existing home­ on the small retail home heating oil dealers it was given, Mr. Charles Owens, is reported owners and to add new homeowners-home­ while the big utmties, monopolies by defini­ to have destroyed it while other members of owners, of course, pay the highest rates. This, tion, go completely scot-free? the FEO were claiming week after week that in spite of the fact that the FEO's announced We would strongly urge the FEO to ban a solution was imminent. Frankly, for Owens game plan was to keep industry going to pro­ conversion to electric heat and new home to have discarded this plan at a time when tect jobs while requiring homeowners to electric heat installations in areas where over small businessmen and consumers were sut­ tighten their belts. For example-the Long 25 percent of total electricity is produced by fering was unconscionable, as well as a great Island Lighting Company this Winter cut off oil. After all, it takes 2~ times as much oil disservice to his boss, William Simon. How­ all of their lowest rate payers: hospitals, in­ to heat the same house as direct fired oil ever, at least Mr. Owens was consistent-­ dustries and all the county buildings in Nas­ heat. The FEO should ban all promotional his record of abusive actions against the in­ sau and Suffolk for the entire winter, No­ electricity rates. Further, until all interrup­ dependent retail segment of the petroleum vember 1st through March 31st! Guess what tible gas customers are again served year­ industry remains intact. has to fill it's gap-you're right--No. 2 home round, gas utilities should not be allowed Instead of immediately implementing a heating on which means that the counties of new residential heating installations. workable and desperately needed plan to help Nassau and Suffolk and industry are compet­ The huge utilities a.re exempt from CLC small business and the consumer, Owens ing With the dealers to procure heating oU­ regulations (the state commissions gra.nt rate chose to concoct a plan, published in the thus reducing the supply and driving up the increases whenever needed on a rate of re­ Federal Register on February 5th, which price whlle LILCO sits back allowing all of turn basis) and are now exempt from any would go into effect much too late, would their high rate paying customers for natural end user curtailment programs under the obviously not do the job, would disrupt the gas to use all they want all winter. FEO regulations. Perhaps the straw that national fuel on distribution system and Worse than that, the electric utllltles could break the camel's back appeared in the would impose on all segments of the oil in­ throughout the country are installing elec­ New York Times on January 26th which dustry a massive new set of controls, regula­ tric heat at an incredible increased rate by sta.ted that the FEO was going to the a.id of tions and reports. converting record numbers of oU heated electric ut111ties With excess home heating I might add here that the FEO Regional homes and by dominating the new home oll. Director in New York, Mr. Gerald Turetsky, market. Why are they able to do this now? Gentlemen, we need your help! has done all in his power to solve the prob­ Again, simply because the Federal Govern­ Thank you. lem and has, in fact, helped alleviate it to an ment is beating on heating oll dealers, forc­ appreciable extent. However, we need an im­ ing them to cut back by 15 % whlle letting mediate workable solution from Mr. Simon's electric utlllties and their customers get off office and would urge the Congressmen here scot free I What homeowner wouldn't con­ to demand that the FEO immediately imple­ ROBERT M. RYMER WILL BE 101 ON sider converting lf threatened by running MARCH 15, 1974 ment the Independent Fuel Transit Opera­ out of ou l What builder would consider on tors Association plan of January 14th sub­ heat when the press, day in and day out, mitted to Mr. Owens nearly a month a.go. proclaims the horror stories of cold homes DISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT BY FE0 heated by oil. HON. LAMAR BAKER As bad as the Price Disparity problem is This situation is bad enough as a rank OF TENNESSEE to many small independent heating oll deal­ example of discrimination against the small IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ers and their customers, our industry is dis­ businessman in favor of the huge utlllty criminated against to a much more enor­ monopolies but when coupled with the fact Wednesday, February 27, 1974 mous degree by the unwillingness or in­ that precious natural resources are being Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, I would like ability of the government to impose upon grossly wasted. 1n the process--tt becomes a to bring attention today to what some the country's large utilities the same man­ national disgrace. Gentlemen, it takes 2% dated sacrifices as imposed upon us. Not times as much oll to heat a home with elec­ people would call "good news." One of only is this discriminatory but it drastically tricity as it does with direct fired on-mas­ my constituents, Mr. Robert M. Rymer. worsens the current energy crisis. Let me sive unbiased. evtdence-whlch we w1ll make of Ducktown, Tenn., will be 101 years old describe the situation. available to you-proves this, but let me just on March 15. This would, of course, be The home heating business basically has quote a recent statement by Senator Met­ a great enough achievement in itself. three fuels--number two home heating oil, cal! on the fioor of the Senate. but I want the rest of the Members of 45.86 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 Congress to know a few additional facts United States. Something must be done. I'm render its decision. If we fail, Democrats about Mr. Rymer. just afraid there Will be a lot of violence if and Republicans alike, we will surely Mr. Robert Rymer, at the age of 101, Nixon is not taken out soon. People just can't lose the voters' faith., is still working and paying social security understand what's taking so long. withholding tax. He is a custodian for Mrs. Jenks, who lives alone at 1386 the Ducktown Banking Co., in Ducktown, West 85th Street in Cleveland, has three BRIAN ANDERSON WINS PENNSYL­ Tenn., and the rest of the employees married daughters and eight grandchil­ VANIA VOICE OF DEMOCRACY there are understandably proud of Mr. dren. Her daughters objected to her trip CONTEST Rymer. I am proud myself to serve him to begin with. But, she told me: as his Representative in the U.S. Con­ I cared enough about this country I had gress. to do more than just take petition signatures HON. E. G. SHUSTER In this time of inflation and a general and talk to people. I felt I had an obligation reaction seen sometimes against the to relay what I heard to our Representatives OF PENNSYLVANIA "work ethic" it is heartening to learn in Congress and hopefully to Attorney Gen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral Saxbe and if possible to the Vice Presi­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 of a man or' Mr. Rymer's caliber. I wish dent and the President himself. him many more years of work, because Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, each year this is what Robert Rymer thrives on. The people who gave her rides and put the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the her up for the night she found "the nicest United States and its ladies auxiliary people in the world. I am going back to sponsor a voice of democracy contest see them." which gives our Nation's 10th, 11th and LETTIE JENKS' MARCH FOR But she has vowed that she will walk IMPEACHMENT 12th grade students an opportunity to back to Washington again in May "if think, write, and speak up for freedom impeachment does not get moving." and democracy. This year, upward of HON. LOUIS STOKES Mrs. Jenks said: 500,000 students from over 7 ,000 sec­ And I won't be alone. A lot of people will ondary schools competed for five nation­ OF OHIO be laid-off because of the recession. They'll IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have nothing to do and several people have al scholarships ranging from a $1,500 told me they'll be happy to march to Wash­ scholarship for 5th prize to a $10,000 Wednesday, February 27, 1974 ington With me. scholarship for 1st prize. The contest Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, on Febru­ There's no other move we can make. How theme was "My Responsibility as a Citi­ ary 6 I was visited by an unusual woman, can we teach our children and grandchildren zen." Mrs. Lettie Jenks of Cleveland. Mrs. honesty and integrity if the President is One winner is selected from each State in the paper every day contradicting all these to be brought to our Nation's Capital for Jenks, a vigorous 65, walked and hitch­ virtues? hiked her way to Washington to deliver The question is just this, this is what peo­ final judging. I am extremely proud that a message to Cleveland area Congress­ ple are saying: Does this country have the this year's Pennsylvania State winner is men, her Senators, and high Govern­ backbone to take action when action is need­ Brian Anderson, a student at Tyrone ment officials. ed? The people do! Area High Scihool, in my congressional Since the firing of Archibald Cox last district. Mr. Speaker, I note that a Gallup poll Brian's speech is a remarkable testi­ October, Mrs. Jenks has stood almost published 2 days before Mrs. Jenks' visit every day in Cleveland Public Square, monial to his understanding and feeling showed that 46 percent of those polled for freedom in today's world. Brian's view collecting petition signatures and talking across the country want Vice President with people about impeachment of Pres­ of citizenship displays an astute observa­ FoRD to serve out President Nixon's term. tion on Americanism which, I believe, ident Nixon. She has talked with hun­ Only 32 percent want Mr. Nixon to stay dreds of people, both for and against should be read by all. I am extremely im­ on, and 22 percent would express no pressed with the maturity of Brian's impeachment. But she reports that the opinion. overwhelming majority have been for. speech, and it is clear that he has a firm In a Harris poll of February 12 only grasp of his role in today's society and The core of her message to Congress 30 percent gave the President a positive is this: today's world. rating for over-all job performance. Mr. Speaker, because there is a mes­ People believe we have the best reason in But in that same poll, Congress rated sage in Brian's speech which all Ameri­ the world to impeach Richard Nixon. He has only 21 percent, or 9 points below the sabotaged this country and that is treason. cans should hear, I insert his speech in President. Specifically, on our handling the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. The people she talked with "came from of the impeachment question, our rating The speech follows: all walks of life," she told me. They stood was an astonishing 11 percent. Almost 3 in circles about her, as many as 300 a day out of every 4 persons polled declared MY RESPONSmILITY AS A CITIZEN even 2 or 3 months after the "firestorm" that Congress has acted mediocrely or (By Brian Anderson) poorly on the matter of impeachment. Bloody and beaten, Saul of Tarsus was of public demand for Mr. Nixon's im­ dragged into the castle to be questioned by peachment subsided. Mrs. Jenks spoke Since these same persons gave Mr. Nixon torture. As the soldiers bound him With and argued with attorneys, judges, and a mere 13 percent on his behavior in the thongs, Saul said to a centurion that stood even the assistant vice president of the entire Watergate affair, we can be fairly by, "Is it lawful for you to torture a man Cleveland Trust Co. Policemen in plain­ certain they are not rooting for him. who is a Roman?" When the centurion heard clothes signed her petition. I point out these startling facts as this, he ran and told the Chief Captain say­ Mrs. Jenks said: evidence that Mrs. Jenks must be speak­ ing, "Take ca.re in what you do for this man People are forgetting Watergate. They're ing for many, many people. The polls con­ is a Roman." The chief captain came to Saul past it. Now it's just Nixon. They want him firm her own unscientific findings. and said, "With a great price did I purchase out. Of all the people I've talked With only this freedom"-meaning his Roman citizen­ In view of what Mrs. Jenks and the ship which at that time could be bought if about one in 100 would say, "Well, O.K., he's polls reveal about the mind of the Amer­ one had the money. And Saul replied proud­ guilty, but we can't change horses in mid­ ican electorate, it is clear to me that the ly, "But I was born free." stream." impeachment of Richard Nixon is a No. I've always voted for the man, not the To be born free is a phenomenon of life party. But the Republicans Will be shocked 1 priority. This does not mean the Presi­ granted to only a fractional few of the world's if they think this hasn't hurt their party. dent should be impeached by opinion poll. population. Like the centurion, those who People are talking of voting a straight Dem­ But it does mean that we as elected Rep­ would remain free must pay the price. That ocratic ticket. If the Republicans don't take resentatives of the American people price is the eternal vigilance that was en­ action, they'll find out how much they are must give ":he impeachment question joined upon free men long ago. But vigilance hurting. against what ... and against whom? priority and urgency above every other Against those who would subject us to an Mrs. Jenks was very disturbed about matter on our agenda this session. arbitrary power or authortty?--of course. many of the things she heard in Public It is right for the Judiciary Commit­ Against plotters and subverters who would Square and during her trip to Washing­ tee to take time to amass solid and bring us under despotic government?-to be ton. thorough evidence for this gravest of sure. But especially against ourselves, Against Mrs. Jenks said: community leaders that strive to wangle congressional decisions, second only to wealth from W~hington; educators who lob­ There has been far too much talk of revo­ a declaration of war. But once the Judi­ by for federal funds and are w1111ng to sub· lution. People are very bitter, upset and very ciary Committee makes its determina­ mit to federal control; farmers who want to concerned about what's happening to the tion, the House must act promptly to be subsidized for producing nothing; labor February 27, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4587 leaders who demand the legal status of spe­ Post Office and Civil Service for killing personnel benefits were 147 percent cial privilege; businessmen who want Wash­ the proposed, three-step $10,300 boost in greater than those of 1968, as compared ington to ensure their prosperity. If any or all of these interests are obtained they will have the pay of Members of Congress. That to a rise of 45 percent in salaries alone. aided to secure the whole people with more vote of 6 to 3 reassures me that there That is most revealing. debt, more inflation, more assertive bureauc­ are indeed Senators--as I know there are I commend this study to all my col­ racy, less real and general prosperity-and Members of this House-who place eco­ leagues. less freedom. nomic stability and economic self-denial In light of these and other statistics, It is clear that the highest concern and as a top priority for our Nation. Mr. Speaker, I just see no reason why we duty of good citiz.enship is not to be worry­ I understand from my colleagues that should be fueling the fires of inflation by ing about a. number of so-called "freedoms'', if the committee action is upheld on the boosting Federal executives and em­ but to be alert that men shall progress to­ ward the fulfillment of their highest poten­ Senate floor, which appears likely now, ployees salaries. It also undermines tial; to be zealous that men shall be truly the committee action could have the ef­ greatly the confidence of the people in free-not -with four freedoms, or six or a fect of blocking any further pay boosts their government. dozen as though human liberty ca.n be cut for Members until 1977 at the earliest. REFORM OF THE ENTIRE PROCESS SUPPORTED BY into segments, but free in the essential mean­ Maybe by that time, we will-as a na­ THE CONGRESSMAN ing of human liberty, which is to be one's tion-have been able to curtail inflation As one of my first acts at the beginning self, to express one's self. This, in essence, is and have restored the people's full con­ self-government; this is the true meaning of this Congress, I introduced legisla­ of responsible citizenship. fidence in the vitality and solidity of the tion, H.R. 971, which would reform the To be born free is phenomenal; to remain economy. If not, then we should consider procedure by which congressional pay free is responsibility. killing pay raises for Members once raises can now become law. Human society is built and can only be again. The measure I introduced would re­ built upon a foundation of citizen responsi­ My only concern-and I do want to quire a record vote of each Member on bility. It is my duty SB an American to prove say I think the committee's action was a their own salary adjustments, precluding myself worthy of the freedoms guaranteed step in the right direction-is that the the possibility of using merely a voice by the B111 of Rights. For every one of my committee did not go far enough. privileges I have a corresponding responsibil­ vote or a mere refusal to act on a rec­ ity. Because I have the right to speak, it This is a time when we all-particu­ ommendation which would come into ef­ is my responsibility to speak qUietly enough larly officials and employees of the Gov­ fect automatically unless specifically dis­ so that my words can be heard as well as my ernment-and all of them are paid from approved by the Congress in a short time voice. Because I have the right to exercise but one source-the taxpayers' dollars-­ frame-in other words, the existing pro­ my right of the ballot, to engage in what­ must tighten our belts and hold the line cedure. ever occupation I may lawfully follow, to be against Federal salaries going up. In dis­ Presidential Commission recommenda­ free to travel, to.educate myself, and to strive approving the proposed pay raise for tions, no matter how accurately made, for my own occupational competence and happiness; it is my responsibility to preserve, Members of Congress, the committee, ought not to become operative without protect and defend the Constitution of the nonetheless, approved pay raises for specific congressional action; to do United States, to obey its laws, to make my­ Cabinet officers, and for other top-level otherwise, allows the Congress to "pass self personally competent, to remember that Federal executives, and for Federal the buck." the safety of the state ls watchfulness in the judges, and even for our own congres­ Since the committee has not held citizen. sional employees. If approved, this hearings on this or similar measures, I To be born free is phenomena.I; to remain would mean the expenditure of millions have joined with others in signing a dis­ free is responsibility. of dollars of taxpayers' money. I oppose charge petition to get a bill to the floor This then is my true responsibility as a citizen; to exemplify in my life the words this. I think we need to hold the line to allow us to achieve this objective of spoken by John F. Kennedy when he said, across the board. And, I hope the House having a mandatory rollcall vote on all "In a democracy, every citiz.en, regardless of Committee on Post Office and Civil congressional pay raises. his interest in politics, 'holds office', every Service, in considering the proposal, will We must meet our responsibilities and one of us is in a position of responsibllity, kill all of the proposed pay raises. Why? this is one way to do just that. and, in the final analysis, the kind of gov­ The Tax Foundation, Inc., a prestig­ Last year, I voted against a Senate­ ernment we get depends upon how we ful­ ious and well respected foundation here passed measure which, had it won House fill those responsibillties. We, the people, are approval, would have raised congres­ the boss, and we will get the kind of political in the Nation's Capital, chartered in leadership, be it good or bad, that we demand 1937 and rendering valuable service ever sional salaries to $53,000. I am encour­ and deserve. since, has just published a most reveal­ aged that this year such a proposal will I must place upon myself the high idea.ls ing study, entitled, "Recent Federal not even make it intact to this body. But established by free men before me, so that Personnel Cost Trends." This study this is only a short-term victory. In order when a teacher of the future comes to point shows that not only have Federal salary to assure a long-term solution, we should out to the youth of America how the highest increases kept apace of inflation-which approve a legislation procedure which rewards of citizenship may be gained, he may would mandate rollcall votes for "all the say to them: "Not by subtlety and intrigue; is more than can be said for most of us not by wire-pulling and demagoguery; not by within the private sector-but that such world" to see who voted for-and the arts of popularity; not by skill and shifti­ salary boosts have actually outpaced the against-their own pay raises. ness in following expediency; but by being inflationary rises. In fact, personnel costs firm in devotion to the principles of man­ have risen so sharply since 1968 that hood and the application of morals and the they have outpaced other budget outlays. courage of righteousness in the public life of The statistics are startling. Despite WHEAT SHORTAGE IS BECOMING our country; by being a man without guile A REALITY and without fear; without selfishness, and the decline in the total number of execu­ with devotion to duty, devotion to his tive branch employees during the 5-year country." period ending June 30, 1973-a decline from 6.6 million to 5.0 million, or just HON. LESTER L. WOLFF about one-fourth-there were significant OF NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE JACK KEMP increases in personnel costs. As a matter IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of fact, from fiscal year 1968 to 1973 PRAISES SENATE COMMITTEE Wednesday, February 27, 1974 FOR STOPPING PROPOSED PAY such compensation benefits rose from RAISE FOR MEMBERS OF CON­ $41.9 billion to $59.9 billion. That is a Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, last session GRESS BUT SAYS COMMITrEE full 43 percent increase. The civilian I introduced H.R. 10844, along with 30 DID NOT GO FAR ENOUGH personnel work force increases out­ cosponsors, which would create an export stripped the military personnel in­ licensing and allocation system for our creases, an interesting phenomenon, agricultural commodities. This legisla­ HON. JACK F. KEMP considering we hear so much about in­ tion arose out of my concern over un­ OF NEW YORK creases in the military budget and so conscionably high food costs and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES little about increases in the civilian possibility of severe shortages of certain Wednesday, February 27, 1974 budget. Increases in both were notice­ essential commodities, in particular able, however. wheat and feed grains. H.R. 10844 is de­ Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, I take this Let me cite but one additional figure­ signed to insure American consumers an opportunity to publicly commend the an astonishing one-in the Tax Founda­ adequate supply of food at reasonable members of the Senate Committee on tion study: In fiscal year 1973, civilian prices; it is also designed to protect our 4588 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 traditional customers overseas and those Our Government cannot say, Uke Marte not alone in reaching this conclusion with needy nations which depend upon the Antoinette, "Let them eat cake." Cake :flour, their figures. Frederick Uhlmann, head of too, ls disappearing. A large :flour mllllng the Chicago Board of Tl"ade, also projects a United States for food assistance. At the company a.ready has notified a distributor in zero total carryover. Yet USDA clings to the time I introduced this bill, it was pre­ the Washington, D.C. area that its latest omctal :fiction of a 178 million bushel carry-. dicted that the United States would find shipment of cake flour wm be the last until over. it.6elf so short of certain commodities, like the new wheat crop ls avallable. FROM SURPLUS TO DEFICIT---THE EXPORT BINGE wheat, that it would reach a point where The Department of Agriculture seems to be At the end of the 1971-72 crop year, the we would either have to shortchange our hoping it will "luck out" without llmiting U.S. had a wheat carryover of 863 mi111on own people or turn a cold shoulder to our exports, that foreign buyers will somehow bushels, and at the end of the 1972-73 crop hungry neighbors overseas. It now ap­ voluntarily decide to cancel or delay de­ year it was 438 million bushels. Yet today we liveries. The Department is playing Russian a.re projecting the smallest wheat carryover pears that the dire prediction regarding Roulett.... , with the gun at the head of the the wheat shortage is becoming a in 25 years. How did we get here from there? American consumer. The answer begins with the Soviet wheat reality. We believe (1) the Congress should insist deal in the summer of 1972, when before I would like to bring to the attention that the Department of Agriculture immedi­ officials in USDA realized what was happen­ of my colleagues two important articles ately make public all the hard facts it has as ing, Soviet buyers snapped up over 400 mil­ on the wheat shortage that will reach to wheat supplies, including the facts, if any, lion bushels of wheat at about $1.65 a bushel. critical proportions by this spring. The as to the quantities of export sales on which The Russian sale, by itself, was not large articles, prepared by the Associated Re­ foreign buyers have agreed to postponing enough to create a wheat shortage. But it shipment, and (2) if those facts do not give set of! a chain reaction a.round the world, tail Bakers of America and the American clear assurance of adequate supplies for Bakers Association, highlight the need generating orders from many nations seek­ American consumers, then the Congress ing a.vallable American wheat. During the for an export control program on wheat. should promptly enact legislation to compel crop year ending June 30, 1973, every one of I am also including for the RECORD a list the preservation of such supplies. the top 12 foreign destinations for American of those Members who have cosponso·red NOTES wheat took more grain than the previous the Export Priorities Act RT PRIORrrIES ACT­ responsibility and shift the blame to millers percent of our requirements. In contra.st, H.R. 10844 and bakers. beef supplies only half of wheat's energy con­ Wolff, Biaggi, Abzug, Addabbo, Bingham, Secretary Butz advises us we can avoid tribution-(7 .4 % ) . Paradoxically, while the Brasco, Lent, Murphy, Peyser, Pike. higher wheat prices later by contracting for Food and Drug Administration has just acted Podell, Rangel, Rosenthal, Stratton, Walsh, our requirements now. The trouble with this to make bread more nutritious by increasing Yatron, Carney, Cohen, Mrs. Collins (ill.), idea is that it would force us to trade our its B vitamin and ca.loium content, the USDA Grover. bakers' hats for a gambling license. It would is following a policy which threatens to re­ Hanley, Helstoski, Johnson (Pa.), Lehman, commit us to high bread prices for the next move bread from our stores. Thus, the Fed­ Mitchell (Md.), Nix, Stark, White, Won Pat. five months, or ruin in the marketplace if eral Government gives with one hand, and wheat prices drop. takes a.way with the other. Cost of Living Council regulations require WHAT'S THE ANSWER? bakers to reduce their prices when ingredi­ INCREASED BENEFITS FOR ent costs go down. So if one baker can buy There is no easy answer to the wheat DISABLED VETERANS fl.our cheaper than any other, the economics shortage. The ABA does not favor an em­ of the marketplace, reinforced by COLC bargo on foreign wheat shipments. We believe regulations, requires all of them to reduce wheat farmers should receive a fair price HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN their bread prices. Thus the risk of ex­ for their crop. We support the commodity OF NEW YORK export program and recognize its importance tended forward purchasing is too great for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most bakers to assume. They simply can't to our balance of payments. All we ask ta afford to buy flour many months in advance. that USDA leave a little for the home folks. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 Secretary Butz should also recognize that We believe President Nixon stated the a baker's contract is no guarantee of flour proper policy for our country last June 13, Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am today delivery later this year. If all the wheat has when he said "In allocating the products of introducing legislation cosponsored by been exported by April, there will be none America's farms between markets a.broad and Representative FISH to provide for an ap­ to fulfill his contract in May. those in the United States, we must put the proximate 15-percent across-the-board Now the Department is falling back on American consumer first." But this is pre­ increase in disability compensation for voluntary schemes to increase domestic sup­ cisely opposite of what the USDA is doing. service-connected disabled veterans. At ply and reduce exports--such as removing To carry out the President's policy, we a time when America is finally at peace wheat import quotas, encouraging early sale recommend as a first necessary step, USDA by Canadian and European wheat agencies should determine the minimum wheat sup­ with the rest of the world, we must not and negotiating stretch-outs in American ply necessary for domestic consumption dur­ forget their valiant deeds nor let their export sales. But no one knows whether ing the second quarter of 1974. It should also needs go unattended. these devices will leave an adequate do­ prepare a plan to assure that supply. This Under the present Veterans' Adminis­ mestic supply for the remainder of the crop is basic to any intelligent soluticm. tration program, 2,205,809 disabled vet­ year. Then every effort should be made to avoid erans from our Nation's past wars are Our analysis of the USDA's latest strategy interference with existing private con­ receiving $2.2 billion each year. Averaged leads us to believe that it too will fall. tracts. Delivery of foreign purchases should out to an individual basis, the compensa­ First, removal of import quotas is unlikely to be delayed whenever possible into the new generate substantial additional imports. The tion to each veteran is small indeed and crop year. The USDA has attempted to obtain in USDA acknowledged this in recent testimony such delays. But we do not know whether has been eroding the past few years. before the Tar11f Commission. Seconcl, so these efforts have achieved significant sav­ The last increase in benefits occurred long as American prices are less than ings of U.S. wheat. It is now time to lift this in August of 1972. Since then, the Con­ Canadian and European wheat prices, which effort out of the Agriculture bureaucracy sumer Price Index has jumped 11.8 per­ they presently are, there is no reason for and assign it high priority in the White cent and continues to rise at a projected other nations to shift their purchases. There House. The Director of the Council on Inter­ rate of .65 percent per month. At that is a growing suspicion among knowledgeable national Economic Policy should be given rate, the 15-percent figure will be reached observers that the Canadians and the Euro­ responsibllity for securing firm agreements in July of this year. peans will hold their unsold wheat until the from other governments to delay their ship­ American supply is exhausted, so they can My colleagues, this is an important ments until after July 1. will sell it for whatever the traffic will bear, Mke Third, the government should review bill. I hope that it receive prompt the Middle East oll sheiks. If this occurs, dol­ planned concessional sales and donations consideration by the Congress and I in­ lar a loaf bread could look cheap. under the PL 480 program to determine which vite support of this measure. It is re­ Third, there is no evidence the export ones could be postponed without causing spectfully requested that the text of the stretch-out strategy is paying off. Actual ex­ undue hudship in foreign lands. RECORD: ports are continuing at a high level. The bill be printed in full in the announced Soviet deferral was relatively Finally, if these methods do not yield the A bill to amend tit le 38, United States Code, small, and has been offset by other sales and necessary assured domestic supply, the Sec­ to increase the rates of disability compen­ shipments. If the Department knows how retarys of Commerce and Agriculture should sation for disabled vet erans, and for other many bushels can be saved for domestic use move under the Export Administration Act purposes by this method over the next five months, of 1969, to establish an export licensing sys­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House it has an obligation to come forward and tem. This should be combined with an of Representatives of the United States of 4590 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 27, 1974 America in Congress assembled, That (a) been forgotten. This should not be the The street name-change, which includes section 314 of title 38, United States Code, case for I feel it important that these the portion of what was Willow St. between is amended- men be remembered forever as a symbol West Main St. and Atlantic St., was approved (1) by striking out "$28" in subsection (a) by the Board of Representatives in Novem­ and inserting in lieu thereof "$32"; of our Nation's commitment to freedom ber, 1972. (2) by striking out "$51" in subsection (b) in the world. In his remarks, Mr. Wilensky said he was and inserting in lieu thereof "$59"; I am pleased to report, Mr. Speaker, "concerned over the postponement and acri­ (3) by striking out "$77" in subsection (c) that thls view is shared by the Stamford, mony" involved in the change. and inserting in lieu thereof "$89"; Conn., city council, for, recently, it acted Some board members argued at the time (4) by striking out "$106" in subsection to perpetuate this memory by officially that changing the street name worked a (d) and inserting in lieu thereof "$122"; renaming one of the city's streets in hardship on residents who would have to (5) by striking out "$149" in subsection honor of the second Stamford man to die change stationery, driver's licenses and other ( e) and inserting in lieu thereof "$171 "; identifying material. (6) by striking out "$179" in subsection in World War I, Samuel Tresser. "Tres­ The former mayor also used the occasion (f) and inserting in lieu thereof "$206"; ser Boulevard" not only honors and to hint that patriotic studies were not being (7) by striking out "$212" in subsection memoralizes the great human sacrifice emphasized enough in the schools. (g) and inserting in lieu thereof "$244"; of this one man but it also serves as "I think we're missing the boat somewhere (8) by striking out "$245" in subsection reminder of other men and women who in our schools. It shouldn't be so hard to sell (h) and inserting in lieu thereof "$282"; gave up their lives in the cause of patriotism to our young people. A proper (9) by striking out "$275" in subsection freedom. study of American history will make any (i) and inserting in lieu thereof "$316"; This honor, Mr. Speaker, is one for youngster proud of our glorious past,'' Mr. (10) by striking out "$495" in subsection Wilensky said. (j) and inserting in lieu thereof "$569"; whlch the Tresser family can be justly (11) by striking out "$47" and "$616" and proud and quite rightly, it is one all "$862" in subsection (k) and inserting in Americans can share with them. In a lieu thereof "$60" and "$708" and "$991" recent article, the Stamford Advocate BAN THE HANDGUN-XXVI respectively. reported on the ceremonies surrounding (12) by striking out "$616" in subsection the dedication of Tresser Boulevard. At (1) and inserting in lieu thereof "708"; this point in the RECORD, I insert the HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM (13) by striking out "$678" in subsection following article to be printed for the OF NEW YORK (m) and inserting in lieu thereof "$780"; (14) by striking out "$770" in subsection review of my colleagues: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (n) and inserting in lieu thereof "$886"; STREET DEDICATION HONORS SL.~IN G.I. Wednesday, February 27, 1974 (15) by striking out "$862" in subsections SAMUEL TRESSER ( o) and (p) and inserting in lieu thereof Part of Willow St. was renamed "Tresser Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the at­ "$991"; Boulevard," in ceremonies Sunday, honoring tached article appearing in the Chicago (16) by striking out "$370" in subsection Samuel N. Tresser, the second Stamford man Tribune, February 23, describes the (r) and inserting in lieu thereof "$426"; and to die in World War I. strong public demand for effective gun (17) by striking out "$554" in subsection The principal speaker at the dedication, control legislation. The article follows: ( s) and inserting in lieu thereof "$637". Don Russell, program director of radio sta­ MORE GUN HATERS THAN GUN LoVERS (b) The Administrator of Veterans' Affairs tion WSTC, said, "We are gathered here to­ may adjust administratively, consistent with day for something that is more than a dedi­ (By Bob Cromie) the increases authorized by this section, the cation." These are not the sort of statistics that rates of disability compensation payable to "The love for his country and his town was please the dedicated gun-owner. They come persons within the purview of section 10 of exemplified by the fact that Samuel Tresser from James B. Sullivan, a North Dakotan, Public Law 85-857 who are not in receipt of enlisted in the Army to fight to maintain who is a board member of the National compensation payable pursuant to chapter the freedom that is America, and in the proc­ Council for a Responsible Firearms Policy, 11 of title 38, United States Code. ess, made the supreme sacrifice," Mr. Rus­ Inc., of Washington, D.C. SEc. 2. Section 315(1) of title 38, United sell said. "From 1964 thru 1973 America suffered States Code, is amended- Mr. Russell said the slain soldier "prob­ more than 95,000 gun murders, 100,000 gun ( 1) by striking out "$31" in subparagraph ably never dreamed what is taking place to­ suicides, 700,000 gun woundings, and 800,000 (A) and inserting in lieu thereof "$36"; day he was dedicated to the principle of gun robberies. In the last half of that decade (2) by striking out "$53" in subparagraph America, as all his compatriots were." gun murders rose 50 per cent over the first (B) and inserting in lieu thereof "$61"; "I feel that we in Stamford, and in the half, as did gun assaults; gun robberies rose (3) by striking out "$67" in subparagraph United States of America, have lost this dedi­ 75 per cent. Gun murders of policemen rose ( C) and inserting in lieu thereof "$77"; cation to our town and country,'' he con­ 90 per cent. Our fl.rearms violence rates are (4) by striking out "$83" and "$15" in tinued. "So today, in the name of Samuel incomparably higher than those in Great subparagraph (D) and inserting in lieu there­ Tresser and all of the men and women of Britain, West Germany, France, Sweden, of "$95" and "$17", respectively; our town who have died in the service of Italy, and Canada-all of which require (5) by striking out "$21" in subparagraph our country, I call for a re-dedication of self handgun licenses not required in 42 of our (E) and inserting in lieu thereof "$24"; for a better America." states ..." (6) by striking out "$36" in subparagraph "Let us think of the patriotism that drove As any newspaper reader knows, the avall­ (F) and inserting in lieu thereof "$41"; him ... to volunteer to protect the prin­ abllity of guns either in the home ["40 per (7) by striking out "$53" and "$15" in ciples of this great country, and let us all re­ cent of America's fl.rearms fatalities are chil­ subparagraph ( G) and inserting in lieu dedicate OUFselves to the business at hand, dren aged 1 to 19"] or on someone's person, a better world, a better America and a bet­ often is to blame for a killing or killings thereof "$61" and "$17", respectively; stemming from a quarrel. This is strikingly (8) by striking out "$25" in subparagraph ter Stamford,'' Mr. Russell concluded. "Samuel Tresser was symbolic of the men true in the case of many husband-and-wife (H) and inserting in lieu thereof "$29"; and of this community who during World War I arguments which culminate in violence. (9) by striking out "$48" in subparagraph and in other times have given their lives for Without so lethal a way of settling such dis­ (I) and inserting in lieu thereof "$55". the nation," said City Rep. Frederick E. putes handy, the aftermath might have been SEc. 3. This Act shall take effect on the Miller, D-3rd, who spoke on behalf of Mayor a black eye and divorce, rather than sudden first day of the second calendar month which Frederick P. Lenz Jr. death. begins after the date of enactment. Mr. Tresser died Aug. 24, 1918 in France, at I don't imagine for a moment that all gun­ the age of 21. He was the son of the late lovers are less-than-bright, altho I'm sure Morris and Bella Tresser and the brother of some of them are. Many use their weapons City Rep. Michael Tresser, R-llth; Jack W. only for target shooting; others are collec­ STREET DEDICATION HONORS Tresser of Stamford, and Mrs. Frank F. Rob­ tors, and seek out rare and beautiful exam­ inson of Norwalk. ples of the gunsmith's art. These are legiti­ SLAIN GI SAMUEL TRESSER The street Pvt. Tresser grew up on was mate uses for the gun. "urban renewaled" out of existence, former But the other gun-owners-unfortunately Mayor Julius M. Wilensky noted. in the majority-want guns for less admir­ HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY "Is it not then fitting and proper that the able reasons. OF CONNECTICUT new street in the same area be named for Pvt. some are criminals, who use weapons for Tresser?" Mr. Wilensky added. murder or robbery. Some are assassins, such IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "By revering and memorializing Pvt. Tres­ as those who killed J.F.K. and Bobby Ken­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 ser, we say thanks to all Stamford men who nedy and Dr. Martin Luther King; or served in that war and especially to those wounded George Wallace. Some, psychiatrists Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, many who died in battle overseas." say, need guns to make them feel more im­ years have passed since the end of World The first Stamford man to die in the war portant. Add to these the psychopaths, the War I and sadly, many of the brave men was Oscar Cowan, for whom the local Ameri­ compulsive gun-owner, the worried house­ who gave their lives for America have can Legion post was named. holder who-often unwisely-feels himself February 28, 1974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 4591 safer with a weapon in the home, and you that should have been in the policy, she was real tragedy is that, unlike 25 years ago, have a very large proportion of the popu­ entitled only to the lesser a.mount. Bridges' statements stir so little contro­ lace that either doesn't know how to use a Mrs. Grega did not think it was fair for her versy. In fact, the above appearances and gun or-if it knows-is so unstable or anti­ to suffer because of an error someone else had social that it is very dangerous to others. made seven years before. She had previously speech was a staged media event under A day or so ago a young man shot and taken out loans on the policy and the table television lights. kllled himself while playing Russian roulette, in her policy had been used. Nothing was Following is the complete text of the apparently to impress his teen-aged sisters. said about an error at those times. December 13, 1973, San Francisco Chron­ Without a gun in the house he almost cer­ Mrs. Grega started to work through chan­ icle story on Harry Bridges: tainly stm would be alive. The same can be nels but got no results. She complained to said, of course, for the Detroit housewife the insurance company and the Ohio Depart­ HARRY BRIDGES m A CHANGED WORLD shot down by her husband a few weeks ago ment of Insurance. She saw a. lawyer. She (By Keith Power) after a quarrel, and for the victims of the wrote to Ralph Nader. There was a waterfront episode yesterday countless toddlers who find a poorly hidden She and her husband had scrimped all that 40 years ago would have confirmed the gun and kill themselves or someone else. their lives to pay huge medical and educa­ darkest suspicion of San Francisco's estab­ A separate column could be written about tion bills for a son who had crippling arthri­ lishment about that union firebrand, the hunters, and the toll they take among their tis since childhood. She had taken out the young Australian Harry Bridges. fellow hunters either thru pulling the trig­ policy because she knew someday she would In a cramped cabin aboard a ship bound ger while intoxicated or without knowing need the money. The day had come, and she for China, Bridges stood under a solemn pic­ what they are shooting at. But the discus­ felt cheated. ture of Chairman Mao and spoke affec­ sion of hunters and why they get pleasure Her path finally led her to the Consumer tionately of his "comrades" the Communist out of killing is another story. Protection Association, a private group large­ Chinese. Meanwhile, as long as the Congress has ly financed by United Torch. "It's a great day for our organization," such a cultivated fear of the gun lobby that "We knew it was wrong," said Solomon boasted Bridges. its members are afraid to vote laws with any Harge, association director. "What burned us But large portions of the comfortable old teeth in them, this country will continue to all up was the money really didn't mean any­ world have been turned upside down the past lead the world in gunshot deaths and in­ thing to Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., but four decades, and Bridges' appearance, far juries. What Congressmen forget is that it did mean a lot to the Grega. family." from !being clandestine, was a staged media there are a great many more gun haters than Harge began working through his own event under television lights. gun lovers, and there would seem to be more channels and finally persuaded Jimmie E. Tsingtao beer and a curious Chinese soda of a right not-to-be-shot than a right to own Jones, Jr. of the Ohio Insurance Department· pop, tasting faintly of orange, fiowed copious­ something whose principal purpose is to to reopen the case. ly in the messroom of the cargo ship Caspian kill. "I was fortunate to be able to get through Sea. 'I'he bulkheads were hung with slogans to some people at Metropolitan Life who proclaiming "Proletariat of the World Unite" could see the human element in this, the and "Long Live China-U.S. Peoples' Friend­ THE CONSUMER HAS GOT TO FIGHT agony Mrs. Grega went through when she ship." found out something she had counted on for !Bridges, now 71 and a registered Republi­ seven years was not available," Jones said. can, was there as president of the Interna­ "They realized the humane thing to do was tional Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's HON. LOUIS STOKES to pay the difference." Union. OF OHIO Mrs. Grega, who now lives in Chardon, A lean, nattily dressed figure, Bridges was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES came to the association's office last week so speaking for his union organization when he Harge and Jones could give her a check for hailed the occasion-the loading by his men Wednesday, February 27, 1974 the difference. of the first ship in 25 years to carry general In addition to the check, Harge also offered cargo out of San Francisco for China. Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, an article what he thought was the moral of Mrs. in the February 17 Plain Dealer gave Changing official hats, he also said a few Grega's struggle. The consumer has got to words of welcome for the Port of San Fran­ Clevelanders a look at what their local fight. He may lose the first round, but he has cisco, which he helps direct as a port com­ Consumer Protection Association can to pick himself up and continue to fight for missioner appointed by Mayor Joseph L. help them do for themselves. what he thinks is right. Alioto. Solomon Harge, director of CPA, is giv­ Two months ago the Chinese government ing tremendous service to the consumers decided to dis-invite Bridges and a union of Cleveland, and I wish to pay tribute delegation planning to visit the country, after to him by inserting this story of his suc­ HARRY BRIDGES SHOWS TRUE unflattering articles--at least in the eyes of COLORS Peking-appeared in the union's newspaper. cess in the RECORD: The ILWU has re-applied for admission, (From the Plain Dealer, Feb. 17, 1974) saying it was all a misunderstanding, and a CONSUMER BATl'LE PAYS OFF-VICTIM OF ERROR HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK union official on board the ship yesterday Wms $1,155 said Bridges' appearance hopefully would OF OHIO (By Deena Mirow) help their case. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tea.rs glistened in Rose Grega's eyes when Speaking between two blue-jacketed crew she received a check for $1,155.17 from repre­ Wednesday, February 27, 1974 members at the table of honor, Bridges em­ ntatives of the Consumer Protection Asso­ phasized the ILWU's long support of the Peo­ ation and the Ohio Department of Insur­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, "it's a ple's Republic as the true government of ance last week. great day for our organization" boasts China, "sometimes against difficult odds." That check represented not only a sizable Harry Bridges, president of the Interna­ The bonds of friendship between the Chi­ amount of money to Mrs. Grega but also the tional Longshoremen's and Warehouse­ nese and American People were celebrated in end of a two-year struggle. men's Union. Standing under a picture of a statement read by Cheung Man Pio, chair­ Mrs. Grega's battle goes back to November man of the ship's welfare committee, and Chairman Mao, Bridges speaks affection­ heartily applauded by fellow crew members 1971 when she decided to cash in a life in­ ately of his Chinese Communist "com­ surance policy she had purchased seven years who crowded into the cabin. before from the Metropolitan Life Insurance rades." Around him banners proclaim The Caspian Sea, registered under the flag Co. "Proletariat of the World Unite" and of the Republic of Somali, is owned by the The table in her policy, which she had "Long Live China-U.S. Peoples' Friend­ Chinese National Chartering Corp. and is studied carefully over the yea.rs, indicated she ship." The occasion is the loading by sailed by a crew composed ma.inly of Hong should receive $3,090 plus dividends and in­ Bridges' men of the :first ship in 25 years Kong Chinese under an English captain. terest. The check she received from the com­ to carry general cargo from San Fran­ She is bound for Shanghai with a cargo of pany was for $2,402.68. cotton and aluminum ingots consigned from When she inquired about the discrepency, cisco to Communist China. Long'View, Wash.; San Francisco and Long company officials told her that because of a Those who have followed the leftist Beach. Although there have been recent sail­ clerical error the wrong table had been in­ career of Harry Bridges probably are not ings of grain for China here, this is the first serted in her policy. According to the table surprised by all this. The surprise and ship carrying general cargo.

SENATE-Thursday, February 28, 1974

The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was PRAYER O God, our Father, give us strength called to order by Hon. J. BENNETT The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward for our tasks, wisdom for our problems JOHNSTON, JR., a Senator from the State L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following and perseverence in our difficulties. Has­ of Louisiana. prayer: ten the day when darkness, violence, and