3032 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS PERSONAL JUSTICE DENIED ing American citizens-were prohibited from Few Americans were familiar with Ameri­ living and working on the West Coast. can citizens of Japanese descent. The opin­ Almost all were later sent to "relocation ions of those with intelligence responsibil­ HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI centers"-bleak barrack camps ringed by ity, such as the FBI, who believed that OF CALIFORNIA barbed wire and military guards in isolated there was no sound basis for mass exclusion, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES areas of the West. Most remained in the were ignored or drowned out in the fright­ Thursday, February 24, 1983 camps until the mass exclusion was ended in ened uproar of the time. December 1944, more than two and a half The Commission has carefully reviewed • Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, today, years after the policy of exclusion and de­ the extensive record of events which led to the Commission on Wartime Reloca­ tention began. These events are unique in Executive Order 9066. It has found no evi­ tion and Internment of Civilians will our history. dence of a military or security threat from deliver to Congress and release to the No program of mass exclusion or deten­ the Japanese Americans. As General public its report setting forth the facts tion was imposed on German and Italian DeWitt conceded at the time, no sabotage and circumstances surrounding Execu­ aliens nor upon American citizens of had taken place. The later justifications of­ German or Italian descent. fered by DeWitt in his Final Report on the tive Order 9066 and the impact of the The government justified the exclusion exclusion and by the Justice Department order on Japanese American citizens from the West Coast of all American citi­ which defended the exclusion in court also and resident aliens. zens of Japanese descent and Japanese resi­ fail to demonstrate any military or security The report, entitled "Personal Jus­ dent aliens on the basis of military necessi­ threat. In fact the realistic estimates of the tice Denied," sets forth the circum­ ty. The first task of the Commission has time suggested that there was as much or stances surrounding the initiation and been to look at the facts and consider more danger from other segments of the implementation of orders from the whether military necessity justified this population. highest authorities of our land to course of action. DeWitt's contention that ethnicity deter­ evacuate and intern American citizens The Commission has found that the mined loy?..lty was answered as early as May record does not permit the conclusion that 1942, by a Congressional Committee which and resident aliens of Japanese ances­ there was any military justification for the examined the impact of the · Executive try. mass exclusion and detention of American Order in extensive hearings on the West The commission, after l 1/2 years of citizens of Japanese ancestry and their resi­ Coast: study and after hearing from over 750 dent alien parents. "This testimony has impressed upon us in witnesses, has concluded that there There were no documented cases of sabo­ convincing fashion the fundamental fact was no military or security justifica­ tage, espionage or fifth column activity by that place of birth and technical noncitizen­ tion for the mass exclusion and deten­ Japanese Americans on the West Coast. ship alone provide no decisive criteria for as­ tion. The commission identified the There was a widespread-but false-belief sessing the alinement of loyalties in this causes of these decisions as race preju­ that the attack on Pearl Harbor had been world-wide conflict." dice, war hysteria, and a failure of po­ aided by sabotage and fifth column activi­ True of aliens, that statement can only be ties. The President and his cabinet officers more powerful with regard to Amercian citi­ litical leadership. did not forcefully dispel these stories and zens. Our legal system is founded on deter­ Mr. speaker, I commend the mem­ rumors. On the West Coast, where there mining guilt or fault on an individual basis, bers of the Commission on Wartime had been a long history of prejudice and dis­ and citizens must be given the presumption Relocation and Internment of Civil­ crimination against the ethnic Japanese, of loyalty. Moreover, the conclusion that ians for their outstanding report. It is there were sustained and even louder de­ ethnicity determined loyalty was not a mili­ a report that for the first time sets mands for the exclusion of Japanese Ameri­ tary judgment deserving of any deference. cans. These demands were made by orga­ Generals are not experts on race; their forth the tragic and shameful chapter nized anti-Japanese interest groups, the views on the political loyalties of civilians of our history that is unknown to mil­ press and the West Coast members of Con­ are only as good as the facts they can mar­ lions of Americans. It is a chapter in gress-they came from every segment of the shal in their support. The lack of any evi­ which over 120,000 American citizens political spectrum. dence of disloyalty on the part of Americans and resident aliens were denied their The civilian clamour for exclusion was re­ of Japanese ancestry in 1942 speaks for freedom without consideration for flected in the actions of the War Depart­ itself. their constitutional rights. ment. Lieutenant General John L. DeWitt, The Commission has concluded that the in command of Army forces on the West broad historical causes of the Executive The grave injustice forced upon Coast, recommended to Henry L. Stimson, Order wefe race prejudice, war hysteria, and these Japanese Americans is truly a the Secretary of War, that authority be a failure of political leadership. Widespread case of personal justice denied. I en­ sought to remove the Japanese Americans ignorance about Japanese Americans con­ courage all of my colleagues to read from the West Coast. DeWitt made his rec­ tributed to a policy conceived in haste and this report. ommendation on the ground that loyalty executed in an atmosphere of fear and was determined by ethnicity, "In the war in anger at Japan. Mr. Speaker, at this time I would which we are now engaged," DeWitt wrote like to include for the RECORD a state­ Secretary Stimson, "racial affinities are not Ending the exclusion was bitterly and ment by Joan Z. Bernstein, chairper­ severed by migration. The Japanese race is forcefully opposed on the West Coast. just an enemy race and while many second and as the decision to exclude and detain had ef­ son of the Commission on Wartime fectively been promoted. The Commission's Relocation and Internment of Civil­ third generation Japanese born on United States soil possessed of Unites States citi­ report provides substantial new information ians. zenship, have become 'Americanized,' the on those events. Today the Commission on Wartime Relo­ racial strains are undiluted." The record Secretary Stimson and John J. Mccloy, cation and Internment of Civilians is deliv­ shows that DeWitt's views were substantial­ who served as Assistant Secretary of War. ering to Congress and releasing to the ly influenced by the governors and public approved the original order of exclusion, public its findings with regard to the pro­ officials of the West Coast states whose but they were men who were open to an un­ mulgation of Executive Order 9066 and the views he sought out before taking his own derstanding of the facts and they did not wartime events which followed from it. position. accept General Dewitt's views on race or On February 19, 1942, President Franklin Secretary Stimson and President Roose­ believe that the Japanese Americans should D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. velt did not subject this program to suffi­ be excluded from the West Coast for the du­ Under that Order 120,000 people-American ciently close and critical scrutiny. The At­ ration of the war. citizens of Japanese ancestry and resident torney General, Francis Biddle, did not be­ McCloy and Stimson opposed professional aliens of the immigrant generation from lieve the program necessary, but acceded to military opinion in deciding that the Army Japan, who were barred by law from becom- it when proposed by the War Department. would seek volunteers among the Japanese

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. February 24, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3033 Americans, thus opening the door to per­ among West Coast politicians and interest and cabinet members, the President him­ suading even the most prejudiced of the loy­ groups to the return of Japanese Americans self-were personally involved in a course of alty of Japanese Americans who returned to the West Coast. These views prevailed. action which today we can only find gravely from European battlefields loaded with For at least the last six months of that unjust and deeply injurious. The bulwark of honors won in the service of the United period, immediately before the Presidential our Constitution did not withstand it. Igno­ States. election of 1944, the decision to continue rance was a major contributing factor in Most importantly, by the spring of 1943, the exclusion was that of President Roose­ these events; knowledge is the surest guardi­ the civilians at the head of the War Depart­ velt. an against their repetition. We can only ment had reached the position that no justi­ By any analysis with the least sensitivity hope to abide by our better judgement in fication existed any longer for excluding to American constitutional values there was the future if we have made our past our loyal Japanese American citizens from the no justification for holding loyal American own and are determined to learn by its les­ West Coast. In April 1943, McCloy laid out citizens of Japanese descent in detention or sons. the basic points very forcefully to General prohibiting them from traveling, living and Ronald Reagan, speaking in 1970 as Gov­ DeWitt, who was on the West Coast. I quote working where they chose. ernor of California, pointedly and accurate­ the letter at length because it states In his memoirs, Secretary Stimson cogent­ ly underscored what each American should succinctly the situation in the spring of 1943 ly called the evacuation of "personal injus­ take from this history: and lays bare the differences of opinion tice" to loyal Japanese Americans. It was a "A lesson was learned in California during with General DeWitt and those who sup­ personal injustice precisely because the World War II, which should be made a part ported exclusion: country failed to apply justice in a personal of the record and the heritage of Americans "The threat of Japanese attack is far from or individual manner. Men, women and chil­ everywhere who cherish liberty, freedom, what it was. We are better organized to dren were uprooted from their homes and and constitutional guarantees." meet such an attack if it occurred. And we their lives shattered because the United The Commission's second important task know a great deal more about our Japanese States failed to provide personal justice in was to review the evacuation of the Aleuts population. Furthermore, the War Depart­ time of war. It is important to emphasize from the Aleutian and Pribilof Islands and ment has established a combat team for vol­ that we are dealing here with American be­ their treatment in camps in Southeastern unteer American citizens of Japanese ances­ havior. It is not a question of how the Japa­ Alaska. try ... CTlhe War Department has initiated nese or the Nazis treated Americans or The situation in Alaska was very unlike a process for loyalty investigations of all other prisoners which is one of the darkest that on the West Coast. The Japanese at­ Japanese Americans to determine their eli­ chapters of modern history. What the Com­ tacked the two most western islands in the gibility for work in plants and facilities vital mission has examined and taken testimony Aleutian chain in the summer of L942 and to the war effort. In other words, . . . the about is how the United States dealt with took 42 Aleut prisoners. As part of the reac­ policy of the national Government, as well American citizens and residents. tion t o that attack, the military evacuated as that of the War Department, is presently The damage done by this country to its the Aleuts from the Pribilof islands and looking toward the restoration to all loyal own citizens and residents is a mosaic made from a large part of the Aleutian chain. The persons of Japanese ancestry of all their up of thousands of lives and thousands of evidence shows that the evacuation was a normal rights and privileges, to the end that personal histories. The Commission's hear­ rational response to the danger presented. they may be able to make their maximum ing record is replete with searing and pain­ Both whites and Aleuts, apart from those contribution to the war effort. The very 'en­ ful testimony. There is the economic loss of necessary to defense work, were removed. tering wedge' which you appear to dread is farms and homes sold in distress circum­ The protection of an exposed population precisely what must be accomplished. stances, of elderly people having to start was the motivating force for the evacuation. from scratch a second time after the war, of The camps to which the Aleuts were "That there is serious animosity of the families detained in camps without employ­ taken are an entirely different matter. Ap­ West Coast against all evacuated Japanese I ment and unable to meet tax and mortgage proximately 850 Aleuts were housed in do not doubt, but that does not necessarily and insurance payments; of education and abandoned buildings, typically at gold mines mean that we should trim our sails accord­ careers disrupted. and fish canneries. The conditions and the ingly. The longer California luxuriates in Over time and with perseverance material care were deplorable. In some camps there the total absence of the Japanese the more losses may be repaired, but the hidden were inadequate sleeping quarters and sani­ difficult it will be to restore them to the scares of lives damaged by this experience tation. Health conditions were particularly economy of California. They have a place in remain. Each individual excluded from the bad. Epidemics raged throughout the California as well as in any other state as West Coast and sent only with the baggage Aleuts' stay in southeastern Alaska; they long as military considerations do not inter­ he could carry to spend two and a half years suffered from influenza, measles and pneu­ vene. I cannot help but feel that social con­ behind barbed wire carries his own marks monia along with tuberculosis. Twenty-five siderations rather than military ones deter­ from that time. For people who knew their died at Funter Bay in 1943 alone, and it is mine the total exclusion policy. The Army, innocence and the injustice of their treat­ estimated that probably ten percent of the as I see it, is not responsible for the general ment the burden was not light. They bore evacuated Aleuts died during their two or public peace of the Western Defense Com­ the stigma of having been branded poten­ three year stay in southeastern Alaska. The mand. That responsibility still rests with tially disloyal, the deprivation of liberty and standard of care which the government the civil authorities. There may, as you sug­ the loss of the common decencies of daily owes to those under its protection was clear­ gest, be incidents, but these can be effective­ life. An essential foundation of our govern­ ly violated by this treatment. ly discouraged by prompt action by law en­ ment-the citizens trust that the govern­ The Aleuts were only returned to their is­ forcement agencies, with the cooperation of ment will deal with him individually and lands in 1944 and 1945. On arriving home, the military if they even assume really fairly-was deeply damaged. The injuries in­ they found that their communities had threatening proportions." flicted by the country on these citizens were been vandalized and looted by the military McCloy was entirely correct in his view different in kind from the suffering and loss forces. Many homes were uninhabitable and that the military situation no longer justi­ which the Second World War brought to all many heirlooms of great spiritual as well as fied exclusion Georgia, of the Committee on Agriculture to fire prevention efforts. Mr. SPRATT of South Carolina, and Mr. give immediate consideration to the Most European practices are trans­ MOORE of Louisiana, which will give modified dairy price support pro­ ferable to the United States, and some needed relief to dairy farmers and ben­ gram.• are already being used. Others can be efit American consumers as well. We adapted. We should consider European have called our proposal the modified practices as a stimulus to our own dairy price support program. A STUDY ON IDEAS FROM thinking. The U.S. Fire Administra­ Enacted in 1949, the dairy price sup­ EUROPE THAT COULD IM­ tion and the National Fire Academy port program was designed to provide PROVE U.S. FIRE SAFETY seem particularly well suited to identi­ an equitable return to dairy farmers fy practical ideas that can be dissemi­ while insuring a stable supply of milk HON. DOUG WALGREN nated here. to the consumer. The program has OF PENNSYLVANIA Among the European fire protection come under fire in recent years be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES practices that contribute to their suc­ cause of the large surplus of dairy cess are: products which has developed and Thursday, February 24, 1983 which has been of grave concern to all e Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, as PUBLIC AWARENESS AND PUBLIC FIRE EDUCATION of us. the chairman of the House Subcom­ The European public is more aware In seeking a solution to the problem mittee on Science, Research and Tech­ of the need for fire safety as a result of overproduction, I do not think it is nology of the Committee on Science of its history of cities which have fair to punish dairy farmers from the and Technology, which has jurisdic­ burned down and their desire to pro­ southeastern region of the United tion over the Federal Fire Prevention tect their family and civic heritage. States, who have not been responsible and Control Act, I am concerned about The public knows more about fire for the surplus. That is why I voted the future of the Nation's fire effort. safety, teaches it at home, and prac­ against the Omnibus Budget Reconcil­ Last year the Reagan administration tices it. They seem to exercise more iation Act last year which contained a proposed to eliminate the U.S. Fire care with hot objects such as portable provision allowing the Secretary of Administration. However, Congress re­ heaters, woodburning stoves, ciga­ Agriculture to deduct 50 cents per stored $4.1 million to the Federal rettes, and matches. hundredweight from the proceeds of Emergency Management's fiscal year CODE ENFORCEMENT the sale of all milk marketed commer­ 1983 budget to keep the U.S. Fire Ad­ Plans for new buildings or alter­ cially and remit the proceeds to the ministration alive. Unfortunately, ations to old buildings are more rigor­ Commodity Credit Corporation. Congress is faced with the proposed ously reviewed by the fire service, in­ Although the provision has been en­ elimination of the Center for Fire Re­ surance agencies, or building depart­ joined by the Federal District Court search at the National Bureau of ments. A greater percentage of such for the State of South Carolina, the Standards. The Center for Fire Re­ construction is reviewed by more Secretary of Agriculture recently an­ search performs and supports research highly trained personnel than in the nounced his intention to try to collect in all aspects of fire and develops sci­ United States. Building in rural areas both the original 50 cents and an addi­ entific knowledge applicable to the receive almost as much screening as in tional 50 cents, for a total of $1 on all prevention and control of fires. This cities. The fire service has more discre­ milk marketed as of April 1 of this proposed elimination comes at a time tion and is more likely to be backed by year. when approximately 8,000 people die the courts both for the initial plans The bill we have introduced would annually in fires in this country. The review and subsequent inspections. repeal the dairy tax enacted in the majority of these deaths occur in CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY Omnibus Reconciliation Act and sub­ homes. Well over $5 billion worth of All electrical products, heating appli­ stitute a decrease in the price support property goes up in smoke each year. ances and systems, and gas-powered for milk. The price support will be In contrast, Europe has only half appliances and systems must be gov­ lowered $1 from $13.10 per hundred­ the fire death rate of the United ernment tested and approved in some weight to $12.10 per hundredweight States. Death rates in European coun- countries. Different countries share February 24, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3035 their testing results and abide by THE CONTINUING PLIGHT OF ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY them. IDA NUDEL INSURANCE AND ARSON HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL Insurance philosophy is that some­ HON. NORMAN F. LENT OF ILLINOIS one who has a fire should not profit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from it and that the purpose of insur­ OF NEW YORK ance is not only to prevent large losses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, February 24, 1983 to individuals but also to preserve the Thursday, February 24, 1983 e Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, Febru­ appearance of the community. Thus, ary 24, 1983, marks the 65th anniver­ insurance is paid in full only when a • Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, I am deeply sary of Estonian Independence. building that has burned is restored honored to once again speak before As you know Estonia is one of those on the same site. This policy provides the House of Representatives on Baltic nations that became a victim of a disincentive for arson. The ability to behalf of Ida Nude!, my "Prisoner of the Hitler-Stalin, Nazi-Communist alli­ obtain insurance is often tied to Conscience," a truly remarkable, ance of 1939-1941. The principles of whether a building is up to code. heroic, and courageous woman. As we both totalitarian systems are, of begin the 1983 Congressional Call to course, the same, so it is no wonder CHIMNEY SWEEPS Conscience Vigil for Soviet Jewry that the people of Estonia are now the Chimney sweep visits are mandatory under the able chairmanship of our victims of a Soviet campaign to de­ in several countries and strongly en­ colleague, TIM WIRTH, of Colorado, I prive them of their very national iden­ couraged in most others. Most homes believe special attention should be tity through directives against the Es­ are visited from one to four times a paid to the plight of Soviet Jews, for tonian language and culture. year by sweeps. The sweeps often pro­ I have learned that Yuri Andropov, vide advice on woodburning stoves and at this time, emigration is at its lowest point since 1970. As chairman of the the Soviet KGB master who is now heating systems, and help test and the head man in the Kremlin, is the maintain them. Sometimes the chim­ 1982 Vigil, I urge my colleagues, espe­ cially our new colleagues, to actively only Russian Communist leader ever ney sweeps also perform fire safety in­ to have personally visited Estonia. He spections. The sweeps often are participate in this year's Vigil. For over 11 years, Ida Nude! has came there in 1980 to oversee the sup­ trained at national fire academies, pression of expressions of Estonian na­ plus serve an apprenticeship. The been one of the leaders of the Soviet Jewry movement in the Soviet Union. tionalism. result is that there are proportionate­ People say: Be realistic. Estonia has ly far fewer heating-related fires in Ida, affectionately known as the for over 40 years been enslaved by Europe; in the United States heating "Guardian Angel" for her activities on communism. What can be done? Let us is the leading cause of residential fires. behalf of Soviet Jewish Prisoners of just forget it and go on with business FIRE PREVENTION BUREAUS Conscience, was charged and convicted as usual. Most European fire departments em­ in June 1978 of "malicious hooligan­ Granted, not much can be done di­ phasize fire prevention-especially ism" and sentenced to 4 years of inter­ rectly to regain Estonian lost freedom. plans review and code enforcement­ nal exile. But we can at least point out the fact more so than in the United States. Eu­ Although Ida Nude! has returned thus freedom has been lost and stop ropean senior fire officers spend the from her 4-year exile in Siberia, the pretending that the people of Estonia majority of their time on prevention. Soviet Union continues to harass and are simply "citizens" of the Soviet intimidate her in hopes that she will Union. They are not. They are 'its vic­ FIREFIGHTER TRAINING surrender her tireless campaign for tims.• The average European fire officer the rights of Soviet Jews. The Soviet receives far more training than his authorities have denied her legal resi­ U.S. counterpart and also greater tech­ BARBARA M. WATSON nical education. The training is more dence in Moscow and Riga, and she re­ uniform within a country, and senior mains homeless, but still committed to officers usually have experience in sev­ securing a visa to Israel. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. eral cities before assuming command Today, Ida Nude! needs our help. Al­ OF NEW JERSEY of a large fire department. Firefight­ though she has been released from in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ers have higher entrance require­ ternal exile, her dream to emigrate to Thursday, February 24, 1983 ments-they often must have a trade, Israel is unfortunately, still a dream. Our efforts in the past have accom­ e Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, on Feb­ such as mechanics or carpentry-and ruary 22, 1983, Ambassadors, Members receive more training, too. plished a great deal, as Ida Nudel's re­ lease points out. But we must not stop of Congress, high U.S. Government of­ FIREFIGHTER HEALTH AND SAFETY short of our goal of freedom for this ficials, prominent city and community The European firefighter is general­ leaders, and friends attended "A Trib­ ly not better equipped than his Ameri­ brave woman. Soviet officials must ute and Thanksgiving for Barbara M. can counterpart. However, European know that we are very aware of the Watson" at the Washington Cathe­ firefighters are more uniformly difference between appeasement and dral. equipped, more likely to use their justice. Ida Nudel's struggle continues Barbara Watson, whose last official safety equipment, and receive more as long as she is denied the right to Government post in 1981 was as Am­ safety training. They also are not ex­ emigrate to Israel and is at the mercy bassador to Malaysia, died February pected to take high risks to save prop­ of Soviet officials. 17 at George Washington Hospital at erty. These factors, coupled with a We, as Members of Congress, must the age of 64. lower fire rate, result in dramatically continue to actively fight for her free­ Although her contacts on the Hill lower death and injury rates. dom. The Soviet Union's oppressive were legion, we of the Committee on These and other issues are described tactics should never be tolerated by the Judiciary considered her as a very more fully in "International Concepts free-thinking people around the world. special person and an especially close in Fire Protection: Ideas From Europe I therefore urge the Soviet Union to friend. She served with the Depart­ Which the U.S. Might Adopt," by grant this true champion of liberty an ment of State under Presidents John­ Philip S. Schaenman, 1983, available exit visa. son, Nixon, Ford, and Carter from from TriData Corp., 1500 Wilson Bou­ Ida, we are with you all the way. 1968 to 1980, as Administrator and levard, Arlington, Va. 22209, telephone You have continued the fight. We will, later Assistant Secretary of State for (703) 841-2975 .• too.e Consular Affairs. It was in this posi- 3036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 tion that we came to know her, of consideration. Mr. Hall's January ty was to feed and breed, elected Reagan through her appearances on numerous 19, 1983, editorial follows: partly to clean up the abuses of the pro­ occasions as a witness on behalf of the [From the Madisonville Messenger, grams that began with the best intentions Consular Service, her attendance at Jan. 19, 19831 in the world and wound up as the biggest monument to greed in the world. international conferences, and, above PRESIDENT REAGAN DOING THE BEST HE CAN all, in the informal meetings with the Now the President is getting flak from all Estonians are rights is well-known. Still, in spite of Thursday, February 17, 1983 being publicly harassed for speaking these hardships, the Estonian people e Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. their native language, and for observ­ have not lost their love for basic free­ Mr. Speaker, I am proud to join my ing national customs and culture doms and their desire to live as a sov­ colleagues and Lithuanian people ev­ which predate the illegal Soviet occu­ ereign nation. The demonstrations erywhere in commerating the 65th an­ pation of their land. which took place in 1980 throughout niversary of "Lithuanian Independ­ I hope it is some relief and support Estonia are strong witness to this. ence Day." It was 65 years ago that to the embattled people of Estonia As Americans, we must continue to Lithuania, after centuries of domina­ that we in Congress join them in com­ identify with the Estonian people. tion, issued a declaration of independ­ memorating today's anniversary. Our They carry the flame of freedom in interest, and that of the people we their hearts-the very flame our fore­ ence in the city of Vilnius to form an represent, in the rightful cause of re­ independent and united nation. fathers carried in founding our newed independence for Estonia will Nation, and that for which our Nation Today, the small country of Lithua­ continue unabated until the dream be­ nia is again forced to fight for its free­ stands today. Earlier this year, the Eu­ comes reality. When that day comes, ropean Parliament passed a resolution dom and independence. In June of we will truly celebrate.• 1940, using the Nazi-Soviet alliance of reiterating the right of all the Baltic Hitler and Stalin, the Soviet Union de­ nations to self-determination. The res­ manded a Soviet-installed government THE 65TH ANNIVERSARY OF olution also called for their case to be in Lithuania and held single-party ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE brought up at f ollowup meetings for elections. One month later, Lithuania the Helsinki accords. The U.S. Govern­ was annexed by the Soviet Union, oc­ ment has endorsed this resolution, and HON. F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER I am proud to state my support for it cupied by German troops until the end OF WISCONSIN of World War II, and then reoccupied here today. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We must continue to recognize the by Soviet forces. Our Nation has never Thursday, February 24, 1983 recognized this illegal annexation by courage of the Estonian people in the Soviet Union and continues to e Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. their fight for freedom and maintain maintain diplomatic relations with Speaker, I am honored to join my col­ our refusal to legitimize the Soviet an­ representatives of the former inde­ leagues today in commemorating the nexation. They are a proud people and pendent government. 65th anniversary of the Declaration of truly deserve this recognition.e The history of Soviet occupation has Independence by the Estonian people. On February 24, 1918, the proud been one of oppression of hundreds of WORTHLESS AT 65 thousands of Lithuanians forced to people of Estonia proclaimed their flee their native land for the strength just right to self-determination. As we of their beliefs and their fierce desire know, however, the Soviet Union in­ HON. TOM LANTOS for a free Lithuania. Unknown thou­ vaded Estonia before the year was out, OF CALIFORNIA and thus denied the Estonians of their sands more were imprisoned in Sibe­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES freedom. ria: Those who fought for a sovereign Thursday, February 24, 1983 state, for their religious freedom, and Despite the signing of a treaty in for the rich culture and heritage of 1920 in which the Soviets explicitly re­ •Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I would their homeland dating back more than nounced "voluntarily and forever all like to draw my colleagues attention to 700 years to the founding of the Lith­ rights of sovereignity over the Esto­ an article written by Mr. Sheldon uanian state. nian people and territory," they again Weinig entitled, '"Worthless at 65." This day of commemoration, Febru­ violated the sovereignity of Estonia in The article appeared in INC maga­ ary 16, 1983, serves as a symbol of our 1939 when the Soviets signed a pact zine's January 1983 issue. support of the Lithuanians and their with Nazi Germany. They forcefully Mr. Weinig is a close personal friend heroic struggle for human rights, and invaded Estonia again, and have con­ and his article alerts us to the oppor­ I am honored to have the opportunity tinued to occupy this tiny Baltic tunity before this Congress to "re­ to show them that we are with them nation ever since. The Soviets' actions think" our attitudes toward mandato­ in 1918, 1939, and up to the present ry retirement. I think Mr. Weinig's in their quest for a free and independ­ day constitute a flagrant violation of ent Lithuania.• perspective on this issue is innovative the bilateral pact with Estonia, inter­ and deserving of our serious consider­ national law which recognizes the ation: rights to self-determination, and the ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY Helsinki accords on human rights, to [From INC magazine, January 19831 which the Soviet Union is a signatory. SPEAKING OUT WORTHLESS AT 65 HON. BRIAN J. DONNELLY The plight of the Estonian people, Russians are succeeding in enough to see it that way. It is an opportu­ we know, the celebration of freedom several aspects of their policies. The nity not only to bring government spending in Estonia was short-lived as Soviet percentage of Estonians in Estonia de­ on Social Security into line with revenues, troops moved with brutal force to creases each year while the percentage but also to solve a lot of problems created, occupy and subjugate that nation, and of great Russians increases. for businesses and for people, by the way we 3038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 now go about rewarding and retiring people the production line-has reached his or her religious activity. On January 26, the in this country. peak is obviously troublesome. It would be Soviet news agency Tass reported that Our reward and retirement policies pro­ less so if each of us were not culturally in­ Father Alfonsas Svarinskas had been ceed form the mistaken notion that the U.S. doctrinated to believe that someone is less worker operates on a curve of increasing of a man Florida crash last January revealed the ten­ ished swiftly by arrest, deportation, or for an initial investment of just over uous safety of National Airport. The air even execution. $7 million, the Nation has reaped a bo­ controllers strike forced a limitation of The Estonian people, however, nanza in return. Anchorage is now a flights at National. And the completion of a refuse to this day to succumb to Soviet modern city of 220,000 people, and the Washington to Dulles roadway devoid of tyrrany and oppression. In the strug­ State has established a fine system of traffic lights came very close to reality. All gle for independence, Estonian youth these factors combined in people's minds to continue to resist subjugation through State universities, and communication say, "Hey, why not fly out of Dulles this and transportation facilities. Alaska time?" their demonstrations and appeals to produces one-eighth of the Nation's At 2.6 million passengers a year Dulles re­ the free world. In support of this gold; one-fifth of the Nation's oil; and mains a distant third in Washington area quest for freedom, the United States two-fifths of its harvested fish; 74 per­ airport use. National drew about 14 million, refuses to recognize the annexation of cent of the Nation's Outer Continental and Baltimore Washington International the Republic of Estonia by the Soviet Shelf, containing vast amounts of re­ drew about half that. The fact remains that Union. We who live free urge the gov­ sources, lies off the coast of Alaska. In Dulles is fighting an 11phill battle. National ernment of the Soviet Union to enjoys the benefits of being located on a comply with the provisions of the Hel­ sum, Alaskans are proud and produc­ Metro line and at a central location. BWI tive Americans. boasts the aggressive support of the State of sinki accords, and grant the citizens of Clearly, the United states has bene­ Maryland, complete with a huge advertising Estonia their basic individual liberties fited from the inclusion of Alaska as budget and its own Amtrak rail stop. Dulles, and human rights. its most northern and western State, by contrast, has struggled ahead with the The brave people of Estonia deserve just as Alaska has prospered as the minimal support of the Commonwealth of international recognition today for 49th State. The Alaska Statehood Virginia and an ugly duckling attitude from their never-ending struggle for liberty commission has recently released its the Federal Aviation Authority, which owns and emancipation from Soviet control. both National and Dulles. I join Estonians and Estonian-Ameri­ findings after a reexamination of In the absence of powerful help from gov­ Alaska statehood, and has determined ernment, private citizens like those in the cans in their hope that their quest for that statehood is in the Qest interest Washington Dulles Task Force have taken independence will end in victory, and of Alaskans, and to the interest of all the responsibility to lobby airlines for more the Independent Republic of Estonia the people of the United States. and better flights out of Dulles. They are will again take its deserved place I therefore respectfully submit this providing an invaluable service. We thank among the free nations of the world.e resolution designating January 3, 1984, them for their efforts and hope that some­ as Alaska Statehood Day in honor of day the federal government can be persuad­ ed to listen to common sense-just like 2.6 ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE the 25th anniversary of Alaska's entry million people did last year.e into the United States of America.e HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON PASSENGERS' FLIGHTS ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY OF CALIFORNIA INCREASE AT DULLES AIRPORT HON. WILLIAM J. HUGHES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, February 24, 1983 HON. FRANK R. WOLF OF NEW JERSEY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES e Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, OF VIRGINIA today I would like to honor a people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, February 24, 1983 who, in the face of great danger, are Thursday, February 24, 1983 e Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, Febru­ struggling to keep their identity as a e Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, I would ary 24, 1983 marks the 65th anniversa­ nation intact. I am speaking of the like to bring to the attention of my ry of the formation of the free and in­ people of Estonia, long a proud and ac­ colleagues an editorial in the Northern dependent Republic of Estonia. On complished nation, but now a Russian Virginia Sun edition of February 11, this occasion, let us call attention to colony under the shadow of Soviet op­ 1983, which comments on an encourag­ the proud history of the Estonian pression. Today is their independence ing upward trend in passenger and nation. day, which cannot be celebrated in Es- 3040 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 tonia, but serves to remind Estonians nian Independence Day can have real colleges and universities, urges that no fur­ worldwide of their identity. meaning again.e ther cuts be made in aid to state govern­ The Estonians have lived on the ments; and be it further same land for over 2,000 years, devel­ Resolved, That the Board of Directors of oping a rich Estonian tradition from a STATE COLLEGES AND UNIVER­ AASCU urges that programs which are cur­ SITIES TAKE NATIONAL STAND rently the responsibility of the federal gov­ culture that is neither Slavic nor Ger­ ernment not become the responsibility of manic. Although, since the 13th centu­ the states, unless the federal government ry, the Estonians have often been HON. WILLIAM D. FORD provides the necessary funding.e ruled by others, an independent Esto­ OF MICHIGAN nian state was declared on February IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 24, 1918, and freely ruled until 1940, PLIGHT OF THE SPERM WHALE when it was invaded and annexed by Thursday, February 24, 1983 the Soviet Union. Currently, Estonians •Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speak­ HON. WILLIAM R. RATCHFORD are facing the greatest threat ever to er, the board of directors of the Ameri­ OF CONNECTICUT their language, culture, and their very can Association of State Colleges and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES existence as a nation. Universities While the exact incidence of neurofi­ IN STEEL CREATES 52,000 JOBS Children with NF can frequently be bromatosis in unknown, it is estimated that identified shortly after birth by the the disorder affects one in every three thou­ sand persons. HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS appearance of a number of light (3) Neurofibromatosis occurs equally in OF PENNSYLVANIA brown spots. NF patients may develop both sexes and in all racial and ethnic a number of problems, including many IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES groups. It often imposes severe economic, small tumors under or on the skin, social, and emotional hardships on individ­ Thursday, February 24, 1983 large tumors just under the skin, cur­ uals and on the families of individuals af­ e Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, in my vature of the spine, enlargement and fected by the disorder. recent special orders on the Buy deformation of bones, and tumors of <4> Neurofibromatosis is one of the world's American amendment to the Surface the auditory, and optic nerves. These most serious genetic disorders. problems can lead to other problems (5) Characteristic signs of neurofibroma­ Transportation Act I said that an esti­ tosis may be present at birth. Manifesta­ mated $918 million will be spent on like deafness and blindness which tions usually appear in early childhood or manufactured goods a year under the then create severe educational, eco­ adolescence, but can occur later, particular­ bill; the correct estimate is that $918 nomic, and social problems. ly at times of increased hormonal activity. million will be spent on manufactured Presently there is no cure for NF (6) There is a critical shortage of special­ goods over the life of the plan. and medical opinions on treatment ized programs and properly trained profes­ Nevertheless, it still would be a sig­ vary tremendously. In my view, we sionals in the United States for neurofibro­ nificant blow to the intent of Congress need to bring into focus what we are matosis research, treatment, care, educa­ and the plan to exempt nearly $1 bil­ doing as a Nation to find a cure for NF tion, and rehabilitation. and identify what more we need to do. <7> The training of health and educational lion in manufactured goods from the professionals in the treatment of neurofi­ Buy American provisions, which the I am hopeful that my bill will lead us bromatosis deserves the highest national Federal Highway Administration is in that direction. priority. considering. The bill I am introducing today will The people of the United States have This $1 billion would lead to sub­ establish a national commission that an inadequate understanding of the nature stantial activity. will have 2 years to assess the nature of the personal, medical, social, and econom­ Information recently developed by and extent of public and private re­ ic impact of neurofibromatosis. search into neurofibromatosis and to (9) There is a great potential for making the Congressional Research Service in­ advances in the treatment of neurofibroma­ dicates that every $1 billion spent on develop a plan to identify the research needed to develop a cure for NF. The tosis and other genetic disorders through steel generates 52,000 jobs; and that the National Institutes of Health and other every $1 spent on steel leads to $2.20 Commission would be composed of 12 members, including representatives of research centers. in economic activity. ESTABLISHMENT This means the Federal Highway the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and SEc. 3. The Secretary of Health and Administration-by exempting manu­ Human Services The Commission shall assess disorder. This approach is modeled the nature and extent of public and private after the National Commission estab­ research into neurofibromatosis and shall FINDING A CURE FOR lished by the Congress for Hunting­ develop a plan to identify the research NEUROFIBROMATOSIS ton's disease in 1977. needed to develop an effective treatment In the last Congress, we took a big and a cure for neurofibromatosis. In formu­ step by enacting the Orphan Drug Act lating such plan the Commission shall con­ HON. DOUG WALGREN sider the incidence of neurofibromatosis, its OF PENNSYLVANIA which offers hope to many people af­ epidemiology, its economic and social conse­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flicted with rare diseases. I hope that quences, and the most effective application my colleagues will join me in pressing of scientific and health care resources. Thursday, February 24, 1983 the Nation to combine its resources to (b) The plan developed under subsection e Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, today eradicate the many diseases for which shall provide for- I am introducing a bill to establish a we have not found a cure. (1) research into the epidemiology, etiolo­ National Commission on Neurofibro­ The text of my bill follows: gy, prevention, and control of neurofibro­ matosis research into the development, evalua­ struggling with this disorder. America in Congress assembled, tion, and application of techniques and Neurofibromatosis is a genetic disor­ SHORT TITLE drugs used in, and approaches to, the treat­ der of the central nervous system oc­ SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the ment and prevention of neurofibromatosis curring in 1 out of every 3,000 births. ''National Commission on Neurofibromato­ and its consequences; It afflicts approximately 100,000 sis Act". <3> the education and training of scien­ FINDINGS tists, clinicians, educators, and allied health people in the United States and occurs personnel in the fields and specialties requi­ in both sexes and in all ethnic and SEC. 2. The Congress makes the following site to the conduct of programs concerning racial groups. Each child of an affect­ findings: neurofibromatosis; and ed parent has a 50-percent chance of (1) Neurofibromatosis development of a system for collection inheriting the gene and developing Recklinghausen's Disease> is a genetic disor­ analysis, and dissemination of all data NF. Dr. Frederick von Recklinghausen der of the nervous system. Fifty percent of useful in the prevention, diagnosis, and all cases of neurofibromatosis are inherited treatment of neurofibromatosis. first published medical literature on from one of the victims' parents. The other the disorder in 1882. 50 percent are a result of a spontaneous MEMBERSHIP Manifestations of the disorder usual­ change or mutation of a gene. The cause of SEC. 5. Commission shall be composed ly appear in childhood or adolescence, this mutation is unknown. of twelve members as follows: February 24, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3043 <1 > The Secretary of Health and Human and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such Energy National Security and Employ­ Services . title relating to classification and General ment Act is a rational step in <2> The Director of the National Institute Schedule pay rates. this direction. I would like to submit of Neurological and Communicative Disor­ Cd) Subject to such rules as may be pre­ ders and Stroke . scribed by the Commission, the Executive the article by the Christian Science (3) The Director of the National Cancer Director may procure temporary and inter­ Monitor published February 7, 1983, Institute . mittent services under section 3109Cb> of titled "A Way to Help Put America <4> Director of the National Institute of title 5 of the United States Code, but at Back to Work-and Save Energy." General Medical Sciences. rates for individuals not to exceed $200 per [From the Christian Science Monitor, Feb. (5) Director of the National Institute day. 7, 1983] Child Health and Human Development. Upon request of the Commission, the <6> The Secretary of Education . detail, on a reimbursable basis, any of the WORK-AND SAVE ENERGY (7) Three individuals appointed by the personnel of such agency to the Commission The Commission may, for the tivities say their potential for producing (8) Three individuals appointed by the purpose of carrying out this Act, hold such new jobs, business expansion, and energy Secretary of Health and Human Services hearings, sit and act at such times and savings has been demonstrated. A much from the general public with personal expe­ places, take such testimony, and receive larger commitment than has been proposed rience with neurofibromatosis. such evidence, as the Commission considers either by the Reagan administration or con­ A vacancy in the Commission shall be filled appropriate. The Commission may adminis­ gressional Democrats is justified, the con­ in the same manner as the original appoint­ ter oaths or affirmations to witnesses ap­ servationists argue. ments was made. pearing before it. A $5.4 billion Democratic jobs bill, passed Cb) If any member of the Commission who Cb) Any member or agent of the Commis­ by the U.S. House late last year but not was appointed to the Commission by virtue sion may, if so authorized by the Commis­ acted upon by the Senate, would have pro­ of such individual's office leaves that office, sion, take any action which the Commission vided $250 million for weatherproofing or if any member of the Commission who is authorized to take by this section. homes and apartments occupied by low­ was appointed from individuals who are not The Commission may secure directly income residents. officers or employees of the Federal Gov­ from any department or agency of the Although Department of Energy funding errunent becomes an officer or employee of United States information necessary to for conservation projects is cut almost in the Federal Goverrunent, such individual enable it to carry out this Act. Upon request half in President Reagan's proposed fiscal may continue as a member of the Commis­ of the Chairman of the Commission, the 1984 budget-from $670 million in fiscal '83 sion for not longer than the thirty-day head of such department or agency shall to $383 million in the budget year beginning period beginning on the date such individ­ furnish such information to the Commis­ next July 1-statistics gathered over the ual leaves that office or becomes such an of­ sion. past several years by agencies involved in ficer or employee, as the case may be. REPORT weatherization and solar energy projects in­ Cc> Members shall be appointed for the dicate these activities are very efficient em­ life of the Commission. SEC. 8. The Commission may transmit to ployment stimulators. Except as provided in paragraph (2), the President and to each House of the Con­ The Solar Lobby in Washington, D.C., will members of the Commission shall each be gress such interim reports as it considers ap­ announce later this month a "Solar Energy, entitled to receive the daily equivalent of propriate and shall transmit a final report National Security, and Employment Act." the maximum annual rate of basic pay in to the President and to each House of the The measure would provide major impetus effect for grade GS-18 of the General Congress not later than twenty-four months to the energy conservation effort. It will not Schedule for each day during which they are engaged in the nized. The final report shall contain a de­ cording to Scott Sklar, the lobby's political actual performance of duties vested in the tailed statement of the findings and conclu­ director. Commission. sions of the Commission, together with its The bill has four parts, explains Mr. <2> Members of the Commission who are recommendations for such legislation and Sklar, dealing with small business, national full-time officers or employees of the Feder­ administrative actions as it considers appro­ security, employment, and consumer infor­ al Goverrunent shall receive no additional priate. mation. "Basically they either protect or pay, allowances, or benefits by reason of TERMINATION broaden certain programs to help renewable their service on the Commission. SEC. 9. The Commission shall cease to energy or extend programs that are due to The Chairman of the Commission exist three months after the submission of be cut off in the future," he says. Energy shall be elected by the members of the Com­ the final report under section 8.e tax credits for small businesses and home­ mission. owners, due to expire in 1985, would be ex­ (f) The Commission shall first meet on a tended to 1990. Under the bill, skill training date specified by the Secretary, not later PUT AMERICA BACK TO WORK for workers in renewable energy and conser­ than thirty days after the Commission is es­ AND SAVE ENERGY vation activities, such as solar and weather­ tablished, and thereafter shall meet at the ization, would be allowable in all federal call of the Chairman or a majority of its jobs programs. members, but on at least three occasions HON. BOB EDGAR A bipartisan group of 20 U.S. senators and during the life of the Commission. OF PENNSYLVANIA representatives, several of them chairmen DIRECTOR AND STAFF OF COMMISSION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of key committees, are sponsoring the legis­ SEC. 6. The Commission shall have an Thursday, February 24, 1983 lation. Executive Director who shall be appointed Ted Rauh, chief of the Division of Conser­ by the Commission and paid at a rate not to e Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, I am vation of the California Energy Commis­ exceed the rate of basic pay payable for deeply concerned about the large-scale sion, points out that conservation activities level 5 of the Executive Schedule. unemployment across the United are a close second to highway construction Cb) With the approval of the Commission, States. In 1982, I orchestrated a dis­ in providing jobs and stimulating business the Executive Director may appoint and fix cussion on the floor of the House of activity-with the added benefit of cutting the pay of such additional personnel as the Representatives on the positive im­ energy consumption and costs. Energy effi­ Executive Director considers appropriate. pacts of renewable energy develop­ ciency programs and businesses in Califor­ Cc> The Executive Director and staff of ment on our Nation's employment. I nia provided $750 million worth of jobs and the Commission may be appointed without investments in 1982, Mr. Rauh reports. regard to the provisions of title 5, United believe we must put the American Representatives for the AFL-CIO's Indus­ States Code, governing appointments in the people back to work in occupations trial Union Department project that energy competitive service, and may be paid with­ with high future growth potential. conservation activities could create 600,000 out regard to the provisions of chapter 51 The employment title of the Solar jobs by 1990. 3044 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 Michael Gordon, program director of The of augmenting existing housing and will continue to erode. Until the shore­ Institute for the Human Environment in community development programs. line is stabilized, the State of Ohio San Francisco, says: "An expanded effort to With proposed budget cuts in econom­ cannot go forward with its major de­ 'button up our homes' would provide many thousands of jobs in both the public and ic development, assisted housing, and velopment plans for the park. The private sectors-through production of community development block grants, State is committed to significant cap­ home weatherization materials; retail sales we must turn to new avenues to pro­ ital improvements for the park. To of insulation, weatherstripping, caulk, mote business, jobs, and adequate date, the State has already contribut­ water-heater blankets, low-flow shower housing for the needy. ed $440,000 for purchase of the prop­ heads, and other products; and the organi­ The act would authorize the Secre­ erty and $1,500,000 for campground zation, administration, and implementation tary of Housing and Urban Develop­ development. A recent $60,000 study of coordinated local weatherization pro­ grams throughout the United States." ment to establish a 3-year demonstra­ has been funded to design a lodge He cites Santa Clara County, Calif., as an tion program to provide Federal complex. The State of Ohio's invest­ example. It is estimated, Mr. Gordon says, matching funds to private nonprofit ment in the Maumee Bay State Park is that "if even 25 percent of homes in the neighborhood organizations. For each already in excess of $2 million. county needing weatherization were made participating organization, the Secre­ The estimated current cost of the energy-efficient, almost $30 million in local tary would establish a ratio by which shoreline project is $10,396,000, with sales of material could be realized." voluntary charitable contributions the State of Ohio providing approxi­ Portland, Ore., which began an ambitious weatherization and energy-conservation pro­ made by individuals arid businesses mately a third of that amount. In ad­ gram in 1979, provides impressive evidence would be matched by Federal funds. dition to its contribution to the shore­ of what it can mean to a local economy. Depending on the economic conditions line project, the State has expressed According to Jeanne McCormick, director and the number of households and its intent to complete the overall de­ of the Portland [Ore.] Energy Office, that businesses in the neighborhoods in­ velopment of Maumee Bay State Park city's weatherization and energy-conserva­ volved, this ratio would be set no lower currently estimated at $36 million. tion program has produced many benefits in than 3 Federal dollars for every dollar The revitalization of the Maumee terms of residential and business savings­ of voluntary contribution, nor higher Bay State Park would provide much and jobs saved as well as created. "We have found," she says, "that, generally, invest­ than 10 Federal dollars for every needed short- and long-term employ­ ment of $15 million by local businesses in dollar of voluntary contribution. Per­ ment opportunities in a region suffer­ such projects such as insulating buildings, haps the most significant objective of ing from high unemployment. During or changing to more energy-efficient ways this legislation is to encourage a the span of the park's construction, of making their products, create-directly- stronger financial base, for neighbor­ 2,000 new jobs are expected to be gen­ 525 jobs. hood groups through increased private erated. In addition, permanent jobs "There's not only the contractor who sector donations. will be created in the park and in re­ comes in to do the job, there are engineers who perform energy audits and architects Neighborhood organizations often lated industries. The permanent jobs who design changes. They there's what we provide the most successful programs that will result can be filled by area call the "leveraging effect," where you have in depressed urban areas, such as my residents lacking specific job skills. the secretary who works for the contractor, congressional district, the Bronx. The overall park investment is expect­ and so forth. Neighborhood groups can serve as a ed to generate $3 per visitor. With an "We have done energy audits for 146 unifying force around which con­ estimated 1 million visitors per year, small businesses, which have been able to cerned citizens can work for the bet­ this would yield $3 million in new cut energy consumption

11--059 0-87-11 (Pt. 3) 3046 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 This course of action-voluntary Referral to a doctor participating in this EFFECTIVENESS OF CHAIRMAN help on an individual basis-has· been program can be obtained by calling 790-1838 CHUCK MANATT chosen by over 1,000 physicians in the Monday through Friday from 9 a.m. to 5 Houston area. These doctors, members p.m. of the Harris County Medical Society, The medical society spokesman said pa­ HON. TONY COELHO tients should first call their personal physi­ OF CALIFORNIA are providing free medical care to cians to determine if they are participating those in the Houston area who are in the program.• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES temporarily unemployed, or lack medi­ Thursday, February 24, 1983 cal insurance. I believe this effort on the part of ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY e Mr. COELHO. Mr. Speaker, I would Harris County physicians and the like to draw attention to two recent ar­ Harris County Medical Society is an HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER ticles that were published in the inspiring example of the spirit of gen­ Washington Post. OF ILLINOIS I hope that all the Members will erosity and community that character­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES izes our great Nation and our people. take a minute to look them over, be­ We are often told that it is necessary Thursday, February 24, 1983 cause they provide an excellent over­ for the Federal Government to pro­ • Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, today is view of the great strides taken by our vide help to the needy and the unfor­ the 65th anniversary of Estonian Inde­ party under the able leadership of tunate, because people will not choose pendence day. In honoring this day it Chuck Manatt. to help others voluntarily. This recent is important to remember that Estonia During his 2 years as chairman of action by Harris County doctors was once a free and independent sover­ the Democratic National Committee, proves just how wrong that attitude is. eign democracy. It was forcefully ab­ Chuck Manatt has worked closely with I salute these fine physicians for their sorbed into the U.S.S.R. in 1940 along the Democratic House and Senate willingness to help those in need. with its sister states in the Baltic. leadership to rebuild our party from CFrom the Houston Chronicle, Feb. 14, The Soviets have tried to create a the ground up. 1983] "new Soviet man." They have done While the GOP got lazy, Chairman MORE THAN 1,000 PHYSICIANS OFFERING this by systematically attempting to Manatt took the DNC back to basics FREE CARE TO UNEMPLOYED suppress the culture, religion, and ex­ after 1980. There has been renewed istence of these former states. This emphasis on fundraising and grass­ More than 1,000 of the Harris County program of Russification has been re­ roots party building. And there are Medical Society's 4,500 members began of­ sisted vigorously by the people of Es­ many other accomplishments as well, fering free care today to area residents tem­ tonia. Its purpose is clear: to crush the most notably our tremendous success porarily out of work or without health in­ individuality of the many nationalities in the 1982 elections. surance. within the Soviet Union, and to subju­ Perhaps the strongest testimony to "We have long maintained that no person Chairman Manatt's effectiveness is a in Harris County should ever go without gate them to the dominance of the care because of an inability to pay," Dr. Joel Russian majority. recent statement made by the new Re­ Reed, society president, said. "This volun­ The proud people of Estonia have publican National Committee chair­ tary effort is designed to provide physician fought to be independent, and will man, who said that his goal is to catch care to that segment which finds itself tem­ surely continue their fight until they up to Chairman Manatt. porarily out of work and in many cases out have achieved their goal of rejoining Mr. Speaker, thanks in large part to of health care coverage. the free and independent nations of the fine stewardship of Chuck Manatt, "We are aware that some individuals and our party has experienced a revival at families have fallen through the cracks of this world. the system and we are ready, willing and There are hopeful signs on the hori­ all levels. able to augment the existing city, county zon in the future. The European Par­ As we prepare for 1984 and beyond, and state assistance programs by addressing liament on January 13 passed a resolu­ we can be confident that the DNC and the recession-distressed segment of our pop­ tion reiterating the right of the Baltic Chuck Manatt will continue to take a ulation." states of Latvia, Lithuania, and Esto­ leading role in the effort to rebuild This month Reed asked all physicians in nia to self-determination. This resolu­ our party. Harris County to consider volunteering I ask unanimous consent that the their time in their private offices or at one tion called for their case to be brought of the many free clinics through the area. up at followup sessions of the Helsinki Post articles be printed in the CoN­ Many physicians were already volunteer­ accords, and to be submitted to the GRESSIONAL RECORD. ing their services to patients unable to pay, U.N. Subcommittee on Decolonization, [From the Washington Post, Feb. 5, 19831 he said, but many still volunteered to help because these countries are Soviet MANAlT REBUILDING DEMOCRATS, STEP BY others. colonies. The United States has en­ STEP, FOR 1984 BAlTLES The volunteer physicians' names have dorsed this in a Voice of America edi­ been entered into a special computer at the Manatt, it was why a not have the ability to cover the hospital, The United States has refused to le­ successful, self-made millionaire would have drug or lab costs," Reed added. gitimize the Soviet seizure of the worked as hard as Manatt did after the 1980 However, he said, the physician group is election to outdistance four rivals for the working with drug companies and the Baltic states. I am hopeful that this dubious honor of taking over the debt­ Greater Houston Hospital Council to obtain policy has given strength to dissidents ridden Democratic Party in the wake of its their support in these areas. in Estonia to continue their brave worst defeat in a generation. Reed said Mayor Kathy Whitmire has au­ struggle against the tyranny of their Today, with the Democratic National thorized the city Health Department to pro­ Soviet masters. Estonian Independ­ Committee in the midst of its annual winter vide some lab tests. ence Day gives Americans who cherish meeting here this weekend, its chairman re­ A medical society spokesman said the their freedom an opportunity to mains largely anonymous in the capital, but effort is not designed to cover indigents who remind the Russians that we have not he is no longer inconsequential. have traditionally obtained their health Manatt, 46, has consolidated his grip on care through city, county or federal pro­ forgotten Estonia. We will never the Democratic headquarters and has put grams. forget the cause of Estonian independ­ himself in a position to play a major role in "We are attempting to address those who ence and will continue to fight for its what happens to his party and its candi­ because of the economic climate need tem­ restoration along with all the other dates at least through convention time in porary help," Reed said. subjugated nations of the U.S.S.R.e the summer of 1984. February 24, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3047 From the "down-draft" he says he felt from expressing his wishes for a "speedy re­ His biggest potential fund-raising success when he took over in February, 1981, "a covery" to voicing his conviction that "Re­ is in direct mail, where aides say the DNC time when we had no idea who we were or publicans have a hidden agenda. In the has gone from 25,000 contributors to what we were up against," until today, name of fighting inflation and stimulating 230,000. The startup costs of that drive Manatt has witnessed a revival of his party's the economy, they are attempting to roll mean that Republicans have continued political prospects, which many party activ­ back 50 years of progressive tax and social during the last two years to increase their ists attribute in part at least to his steward­ policy. They want more for the rich and less lead in both receipts and expenditures. But ship. for the average American family. as time goes on, aides say, the expanded Among the accomplishments for which he "I knew these people," Manatt says now contributor base will put the Democrats receives a share of the credit from Demo­ of the Reaganites, "and I knew where they back into a more competitive position. cratic governors, members of Congress and were coming from, even if other people Similarly, in organizing efforts: Manatt state party officials: didn't back then. I had seen them operate in took one small state, New Mexico, and used A midterm election rebound, including a California, and their view is that 'we got it as a laboratory for a coordinated voter strikingly successful demonstration project ours,' and everyone else ought to shift for registration, targeting and turnout effort, in state party-building that will serve as a themselves. They think if you go to the gov­ using national funds to pay consultant Matt model for the 1984 contest. ernment for help, you're not as strong and Reese to pull together the efforts of individ­ A healthy start on a direct-mail fund-rais­ not as virtuous as they were." ual campaigns. ing mechanism that could, in time, cut down This kind of populism came naturally to The payoff was spectacular: Democrats the Republicans' still-growing financial ad­ the Iowa farm boy who worked his way held the governorship against a serious vantage. through George Washington Law School challenge, captured a Senate seat and a Negotiation of the formal return of orga­ with a job at the Democratic National Com­ newly created House district, and other of­ nized labor as a participating and contribut­ mittee as executive secretary of the Young fices. Next year, Manatt says, the program ing part of the Democratic Party and par­ Democrats and once was fired from its staff will be expanded to as many as 10 states. tial repair of the Carter-era breach with in an economy move. Probably the biggest compliment to Man­ business and the Jewish community. But it sounds strange to many people att's work came this week from the new Re­ The peaceful acceptance by the party's coming from a Century City bank pre ·dent publican national chairman, Frank J. Fah­ women, minority and liberal caucuses of a and senior partner in an aggressively ex­ renkopf Jr. Manatt had come to office in substantial revision in the delegate-selection panding law firm with lots of high-powered 1981 saying publicly that he wanted to emu­ system, which will set aside one-seventh of clients. late what Bill Brock did at the RNC in the the seats at the 1984 convention for mem­ Manatt insists there is no paradox. period from 1977 though 1980. Fahrenkopf bers of Congress and other elected and "I never got the GI bill or a VA loan for said Thursday that his goal was to catch up party officials, whose voices may dilute the myself," he says, "but I believe in govern­ to Manatt. "We made a mistake in reading influence of the grass-roots activists. ment as a way in which we help each other our press reviews," he said, "and thinking A thin but reasonably noncontroversial cooperate in this country. In my mind, I'm that we were so technologically advanced outline of a Democratic policy alternative, an Iowa farmer, and when the American over the Democrats they'd never catch up given public exposure in a harmonious mid­ Banking Association voted in 1981 on en­ • • •. We have to get back to the basics term conference, campaign ads and the co­ dorsing the Reagan tax bill, I was outvoted ,, 400 to 6."' ... ordinated responses to President Reagan's Despite opposition by Senate Minority Manatt is moving into a position where he television and radio speeches. Leader Robert C. Byrd Democrats are finally building an effec­ • Mr. DAUB. Mr. Speaker, today tive direct-mail fund-raising program for Atari Inc., the video game and home com­ marks the 65th anniversary of the themselves, moving into an area where the puter manufacturer that has sometimes been used to symbolize America's employ­ Declaration of Estonian Independence. Republicans have had a virtual monopoly. While Estonian-Americans today ob­ Republicans, in turn, are finally getting se­ ment future in high-technology jobs, said rious about listening to the gripes working yesterday it will fire nearly a quarter of its serve this anniversary, Estonians in women have with the Reagan administra­ U.S. work force in a shift of Atari's manu­ their homeland continue to face seri­ tion, ending an ostrich policy that was cost­ facturing operating overseas. ous threats to their language, their ing the party dearly. Atari said that 1, 700 workers in California culture, and their very existence as a All this comes under the heading of good will lose their jobs as a result of the compa­ nation. news, becaase healthy, competitive parties ny's decision to shift production from make for better government. As a case in Sunnyvale, Calif., to Hong Kong and The United States, to this day, re­ point, look how the Republicans in Con­ Taiwan. The layoffs will be phased in from fuses to recognize the Soviet seizure of gress, who showed extraordinary cohesion now to June or July with 600 workers out of the Baltic States which took place in support of the Reagan program in 1981, a job yesterday. nearly 40 years ago. Concern for have been exerting steady, strong and effec­ The production move comes only weeks human rights plays a major role in the tive pressure on Reagan for the past year to after Atari's parent, Warner Communica­ modify his policies to meet the changed eco­ tiorn, reported lower-than-expected earn­ foreign policy of the United States, nomic and political realities. ings for 1982 for its consumer electronics di­ and we should take this opportunity to That is what should happen in a healthy vision. assure the people of Estoniz, as well as part. One reason those Republican legisla­ Analysts said the production shift, which the people of Latvia and Lithuania, tors can do what they are doing is that they follows the pattern of consumer electronics that their struggle for self-determina­ know the party will support them strongly­ items such as watches and television, results tion is not forgotten. with money and organization-whatever from economic pressures in the highly com­ Reagan thinks or does in 1984. petive home computer and video games in­ I encourage my colleagues to contin­ The Democrats are not at that point yet, dustries. Atari said yesterday it is designed ue their support for the cause of free­ but they are moving toward it. And that "to reduce escalating manufacturing dom on this anniversary of Estonian promises that if and when they come back costs"-such as labor, the value of the dollar Independence.e to power, they will not have to suffer the and regulatory costs. vagaries of another Jimmy Carter-or the The announcement of the move and the dire consequences of his kind of insulated large layoff is bound to raise questions presidency. about projections that jobs lost in the foun­ It's good news-just what the White daries and auto plants can be replaced easily House has been begging us reporters to give by jobs in high technology industries and February 24, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3049 NEEDLES HIGH SCHOOL the small country was able to repulse Louise Epperson, director of patient AWARDS RECEPTION them in 1920 and win freedom for 20 relations of the University of Medicine years. Estonia enjoyed a generation of and Dentistry, who will receive the HON. JERRY LEWIS independence and economic and cul­ 1983 Health Education Award. OF CALIFORNIA tural growth, until 1940 when the I am extremely proud of this chap­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Soviet Union annexed Estonia, Latvia, ter of the Dillonites, and president and Lithuania in the wake of the infa­ Thomas Carmichael, for their gener­ Thursday, February 24, 1983 mous Hitler-Stalin pact. ous spirit and hard work assisting e Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. During the last 40 years of foreign these young people of Dillon in obtain­ Speaker, on March 2, 1983, the San rule, the Estonian people have bravely ing an education.• Bernardino County schools and the and stoutly resisted Soviet efforts at Constitutional Rights Foundation will Russification, or the subjugation of be sponsoring an awards reception and their language, culture, and religion to SOCIAL SECURITY CARDS SOLD dinner honoring the finalists in the Russian practices. The importation of TO ILLEGAL ALIENS California State mock trial competi­ foreign workers and the often brutal tion. I would like to take this opportu­ industrialization of their country have HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST nity to recognize and commend the made this a tough fight. OF VIRGINIA team from Needles High School who The plight of Estonia and the other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES captive nations becomes more urgent will be representing the county of San Thursday, February 24, 1983 Bernardino. every year, as the Soviets continue to Over 2,500 students from 14 counties pursue a massive military buildup to e Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, statewide participated in the mock tighten their hold on the countries earlier this month I introduced H.R. trial program this year. The competi­ under their rule, and to discourage 1272, the Social Security Alien and tion involved 15-member teams work­ other free nations from challenging Foreign Resident Limitations Act. The ing with a teacher, Mr. Sonny De­ their empire. As a longtime advocate intent of this measure is to reform cer­ Marto and attorneys John and Louise of a strong defense for the United tain aspects of the social security sys­ Closs, to prepare a criminal case which States to meet the Soviet threat, I tem's overseas program, as well as pro­ was presented in courtrooms before hope that this will serve to undermine hibiting people who have worked un­ municipal and superior court judges. their hold on other, smaller nations. lawfully in this country from collect­ Through the mock trial program, stu­ With admiration and respect, I ing benefits. dents of varied ability levels increased salute the people of Estonia and their The introduction of my legislation their proficiency in communication friends and families in the United coincided with the release of a Gener­ skills, developed self confidence and States and throughout the world in al Accounting Office study I requested furthered their knowledge of the con­ their struggle to regain their inde­ on this subject nearly 2 years ago, the tent and process of the legal system. pendence from the Soviets. I reaffirm findings of which are highlighted in Approximately 200 students will com­ my support for their fight and renew the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of Febru­ pete for the State championship and my conviction that Estonia will soon ary 3, 1983, on E306. participate in activities which will fa­ be free again.e Mr. Speaker, I testified a few weeks miliarize them with the workings of ago before the Subcommittee on Social Security, which is conducting State government from March 1 to 3, DILLONITES RAISE 1983. hearings on the long-term financing Mr. Speaker, I take great pride in SCHOLARSHIP FUNDS problems facing the social security commending to my colleagues not only system. Observing that "we need to the team of Needles High School, but HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. correct this," Chairman J. J. PICKLE also the attorneys, judges, and teach­ OF NEW JERSEY announced that his subcommittee will ers for their countless hours of work IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conduct hearings on this issue as soon as possible. and preparation that were volunteered Thursday, February 24, 1983 to make this mock trial competition In the few weeks since I introduced such a success.e e Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, this H.R. 1272, I have received letters in Saturday night, February 26, a very support of this measure from citizens · special event will be held in Newark­ throughout the country. ESTONIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY the third annual dinner dance held by One of the major problem areas as­ an organization known as the Dillon­ sociated with this issue is the relative HON.SAMUELS.STRATTON ites. ease in which individuals can obtain OF NEW YORK These dedicated individuals are social security cards. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES originally from Dillon, S.C., and the A few days ago, WLS-TV in Chicago proceeds from the event will be donat­ ran a series of stories compiled by its Thursday, February 24, 1983 ed to a scholarship fund for high team of investigators on the illegal e Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, school students in that town. alien issue. One segment was particu­ today marks the 65th anniversary of The distinguished guests will include larly enlightening in showing what the Estonian Declaration of Independ­ Mayor Kenneth Gibson and members lengths people will go to in obtaining ence. I am pleased to join my col­ of the city council and the featured and providing social security cards. leagues in Congress and the members speaker will be Dr. Fred Means from The following transcript of that seg­ of the Estonian-American community Jersey State College. Among those ment details how a Federal employee in showing my support for their fight being honored by the Dillonites are engaged in selling social security cards for freedom from Soviet domination Joseph Benucci, Newark's postmaster; at $75 apiece to illegal aliens. The em­ and to state that we in the United Dorothy Gould, the assistant execu­ ployee has since been arrested and States shall support their cause until tive superintendent of the Newark charged with in connection the sale of they are once again free. schools; Carl Jones, president of the the cards. The transcript follows: Independent Estonia emerged from Bridge Club; Verdell Roundtree, the ILLEGAL ALIENS: .ABUSE ON BOTH SIDES the turmoil of World War I and the New Jersey director of the United RosA CHAVEZ . When you go Russian revolution, when the small Negro College Fund; Miles Berger, to apply for a job, they ask you for a social country proclaimed its independence president of the Berger Hotel Corp.; security card. on February 24, 1918. Although Esto­ Eutha Grier, historian for the Garden ROBERTA BASKIN. Rosa Chavez is an illegal nia was soon invaded by Soviet armies, State Chapter of the Dillonites; and alien. But she now has a real, American 3050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 24, 1983 social security card. She needed it last April ROBERTA BASKIN. And how much money person must be conscientiously op­ so she could work . . . so she could support did you make? posed to participation in any war. Be­ her seven children. EDUARDO MEDINA. That's only $75 I pay This is Eduardo Medina. Inside the Social there, that's all. liefs must be religious, moral, or ethi­ Security Administration, he makes it possi­ ROBERTA BASKIN. $75 for each social secu­ cal in nature, as opposed to those ble for people in Rosa's situation to get a rity card you sell. based solely on politics, expediency, or card. EDUARDO MEDINA. That's the only one. self-interest. RosA CHAVEZ. The man came with the ap­ Ro BERTA BASKIN. This person, Rosa In addition, a conscientious objector plications. He filled them out. And all I did Chavez is in the country illegally. You sold is not relieved of the obligation to was sign them. After about six weeks, the a social security card to somebody on her serve. Two types of service may be per­ cards arrived. behalf. ROBERTA BASKIN. This social security card EDUARDO MEDINA. No. I didn't make no. formed, depending upon the individ­ cost Rosa $175. The card is supposed to be ROBERTA BASKIN. So that she could work. ual's specific beliefs: First, the person free. Social Security officials are supposed EDUARDO MEDINA. I didn't make no ar- who is opposed to any form of military to ask for certain documents. rangement for that. The only think I say service provi­ risdiction which imposes little or no The members of the National Society firmly believe that the antitrust laws should sions of the Internal Revenue Code so tax, in other words, a foreign tax be applied to state regulated professionals as to make them consistent with the haven. in order to ensure competition and fully General Agreements on Tariffs and The bill which I have introduced competitive markets, regardless of the prod­ Trade