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Making! PAPER PAPERmaking! The e-magazine for the Fibrous Forest Products Sector Produced by: The Paper Industry Technical Association Volume 5 / Number 2 / 2019 PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 5, Number 2, 2019 CONTENTS: FEATURE ARTICLES: 1. Pulp Fractionation: Influence of fibre fractionation on kraft paper properties. 2. Fillers: Characterising El Minia limestone for use in papermaking. 3. RCF & Nanocellulose: Producing nanocellulose from RCF. 4. Composting: Composting of paper packaging containers. 5. Analysis: Analysis of cellulose nanocrystals using flow cytometry. 6. Barrier Coating: Bio-base polymers for barrier coating – a review. 7. Carton Creasing: Testing folding performance of coated paperboard. 8. Wood Panel: Machining parameters for controlling surface roughness of MDF. 9. QCL on COD Analysis: PeCOD L50 analyser, and a PeCOD case study. 10. Pumps: Case study for reducing pump energy use in the Paper Industry 11. Steam Boiler Safety: BG01 Guidance on Safe Operation of Steam Boilers 12. Summarising Skills: How to summarise written text. 13. Rapid Reading: Tips for skim reading and scan reading. 14. Note Taking: Two model methods for taking notes. 15. Leadership: The SBI-I feedback model. 16. Driving: Various tips to improve driving performance in the UK. 17. Wellbeing: Nutrition: Reducing sugar intake. 18. Wellbeing: Stress: Understanding stress management. 19. Wellbeing: Mowvember: Outlining why November is so important for Men’s health. SUPPLIERS NEWS SECTION: Products & Services: Section 1 – PITA Corporate Members: ABB / ANDRITZ / VALMET Section 2 – Other Suppliers Chemicals / Materials Handling / Testing & Analysis / Miscellaneous DATA COMPILATION: Installations: Overview of equipment orders and installations since April 2019 Research Articles: Recent peer-reviewed articles from the technical paper press Technical Abstracts: Recent peer-reviewed articles from the general scientific press Events: Information on forthcoming national and international events and courses The Paper Industry Technical Association (PITA) is an independent organisation which operates for the general benefit of its members – both individual and corporate – dedicated to promoting and improving the technical and scientific knowledge of those working in the UK pulp and paper industry. Formed in 1960, it serves the Industry, both manufacturers and suppliers, by providing a forum for members to meet and network; it organises visits, conferences and training seminars that cover all aspects of papermaking science. It also publishes the prestigious journal Paper Technology International and the PITA Annual Review, both sent free to members, and a range of other technical publications which include conference proceedings and the acclaimed Essential Guide to Aqueous Coating. Page 1 of 1 Contents PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 5, Number 2, 2019 Influence of fiber fractionation on kraft paper properties of European black pine and European aspen Sezgin Koray GÜLSOY and Ayben KILIÇ PEKGÖZLÜ. In this study, the kraft pulps of European black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) and European aspen (Populus tremula L.) were fractionated according to fiber length in a Bauer McNett classifier and effects of fiber fractionation on paper properties were investigated. Bauer McNett screens used for European black pine and European aspen were 16, 30, 50, and 100 mesh and 30, 50, 100, and 200 mesh, respectively. The handsheet surface of each fraction was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results showed that handsheet properties were statistically significantly affected by fiber fractionation. The effect of fiber fractionation on tensile and burst indices of handsheets depended on the wood species. However, tear index, apparent density, and surface roughness of handsheets showed similar trends in the two species. Contact information: Department of Forest Products Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey Turk J Agric For (2019) 43: 184-191 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/tar-1605-46. The Paper Industry Technical Association (PITA) is an independent organisation which operates for the general benefit of its members – both individual and corporate – dedicated to promoting and improving the technical and scientific knowledge of those working in the UK pulp and paper industry. Formed in 1960, it serves the Industry, both manufacturers and suppliers, by providing a forum for members to meet and network; it organises visits, conferences and training seminars that cover all aspects of papermaking science. It also publishes the prestigious journal Paper Technology International and the PITA Annual Review, both sent free to members, and a range of other technical publications which include conference proceedings and the acclaimed Essential Guide to Aqueous Coating. Page 1 of 9 Article 1 – Pulp Fractionation Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Turk J Agric For (2019) 43: 184-191 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/tar-1605-46 Influence of fiber fractionation on kraft paper properties of European black pine and European aspen Sezgin Koray GÜLSOY*, Ayben KILIÇ PEKGÖZLÜ Department of Forest Products Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey Received: 11.05.2016 Accepted/Published Online: 09.12.2018 Final Version: 01.04.2019 Abstract: In this study, the kraft pulps of European black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) and European aspen (Populus tremula L.) were fractionated according to fiber length in a Bauer McNett classifier and effects of fiber fractionation on paper properties were investigated. Bauer McNett screens used for European black pine and European aspen were 16, 30, 50, and 100 mesh and 30, 50, 100, and 200 mesh, respectively. The handsheet surface of each fraction was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results showed that handsheet properties were statistically significantly affected by fiber fractionation. The effect of fiber fractionation on tensile and burst indices of handsheets depended on the wood species. However, tear index, apparent density, and surface roughness of handsheets showed similar trends in the two species. Key words: Bauer McNett, European aspen, European black pine, fiber fractionation, paper properties 1. Introduction process variables such as the refining conditions, use of Fiber dimensions have a remarkable influence on the additives, and dewatering conditions at the wet end (Sood papermaking potential of pulp. The paper properties et al., 2005; Azizi Mossello et al., 2010b). (strength, surface roughness, porosity, density, etc.) are Abubakr et al. (1995) in recycled fiber, Demuner significantly affected by fiber length, fiber width, cell (1999) in bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp, Reyier (2008) wall thickness, fiber flexibility, and fiber collapsibility in Norway spruce (Picea abies), and Hafrén et al. (2014) (Pulkkinen et al., 2006). Hardwood fibers have been in mixed softwood (lodgepole pine, Sitka spruce, Western generally used to achieve good surface properties, while balsam fir) studied the effects of fiber fractionation on softwood fibers are used for high strength. Therefore, fiber paper properties. Huang et al. (2012) investigated the sources used in pulp mill have been appropriately selected fiber morphology of each fraction after fiber fractionation according to the quality requirements of the final product. of Jack pine (Pinus banksiama) thermomechanical pulp. Fiber fractionation means separation of mixed fibers However, there are no published data related to effects of into two or more parts based on properties such as length, fiber fractionation on paper properties of European black flexibility, and coarseness (Gooding and Olson, 2001; pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) and European aspen (Populus Sood et al., 2005). In mill scale, pulp can be fractionated in tremula L.). In this scope, the objective of this study was to hydrocyclones, or in pressure screens using slotted or holed determine the effects of fiber fractionation on handsheet screen plates/baskets (Asikainen et al., 2010). However, properties of European black pine and European aspen. Bauer McNett or Clark fiber classifiers are used in the laboratory. The traditional approach in fiber preparation 2. Materials and methods is to use the fibers collectively without fractionating them. The wood samples of European black pine and European Although this approach facilitates the process design, it aspen were obtained from Bartın Province in Turkey. They ignores the opportunity to use the natural advantages of were debarked and chipped into approximately 3.0–1.5– the individual fiber fractions (Gooding and Olson, 2001). 0.5 cm in size. Chips were air-dried and stored with less On the other hand, fractionation of pulp furnish offers than 10% moisture content until used. the potential to produce customer-valued products from Table 1 shows the kraft pulping conditions of European fiber sources. Thus, papermakers can produce paper with black pine and European aspen. Kraft pulping was done optimum properties for specific applications by controlling in an electrically heated laboratory cylindrical type rotary * Correspondence: [email protected] 184 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. GÜLSOY and KILIÇ PEKGÖZLÜ / Turk J Agric For digester of 15 L. Chips (750 g, oven-dried basis) for each burst index, and apparent density of the handsheets were cooking
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