SIGINT First UK Rivet Joint Lands at RAF Waddington

20 NOVEMBER 2013 VOL 50 • ISSUE 47 IHS Jane’s Defence Weekly

ihs.com/janes Sovereign SIGINT First UK Rivet Joint lands at RAF Waddington

Ukraine prepares to offer China NITKA carrier training facility – p5 Roper Colombia looks to procure new ﬁghter – p6 Turkey insists it is solving Chinese T-Loramids dilemma – p8

OFC_JDW_131120.indd 1 15/11/2013 13:17:11 The smart choice for reliable, adaptable weapon systems for medium and large caliber platforms

Reliable When needed in the heat of battle, Meggitt’s linkless ammunition handling systems deliver rounds with every pull of the trigger. High reliability makes them ideal for use in unmanned applications. Adaptable Linkless ammunition handling systems from Meggitt have been successfully deployed on a variety of ground, sea and air platforms in both medium and large caliber — single shot, or fully automatic, with rounds being fed at rates up to 6,000 shots per minute.

email: [email protected]: [email protected] www.meggittdefense.com Roper www.meggittdefense.com

Untitled-2 1 05/09/2013 11:59 On the cover All editorial content The ﬁrst of three RC-135W Rivet is available online at

KMD 1525707 MoD: UK Joint SIGINT aircraft for the UK ihs.com/janes prior arrived at RAF Waddington on 12 November. to publication of the VOLUME 50 ISSUE NO 47 • 20 November 2013 (See page 6) hardcopy magazine

contents On the web ihs.com/janes

Headlines Middle East/Africa

5 Ukraine to offer China use of NITKA facility 20 Iran rolls out medium-range SAM 6 First RAF Rivet Joint delivered 21 Egypt considers Russia for arms supplies

8 Turkey working on Chinese T-Loramids Force:1487880 Air Italian dilemma Business 9 NATO to scale up military exercises post-2014 22 Lockheed Martin to lay off thousands more The Americas by 2015 The European Defence Agency has completed 23 Mitsubishi in talks with Turkish firm to set up trials using an Italian Air Force Boeing KC-767 10 US Air Force debates reduction in MBT engine JV tanker aircraft as a pooled aerial refuelling UAV orbits asset for other European nations. The trials, 13 Latest X-47B trials yield mixed results Briefing conducted in September, saw a KC-767 offload fuel to Swedish Gripen and French Rafale fighters. Europe 24 Finding common ground: Geoff Fein examines how the US military services are 14 Half of DE&S staff would transfer to using the Distributed Common Ground US DoD outlines aid efforts under way proposed GOCO System in Philippines 15 Russia plans to bolster its forces in the 30 Looking for lift: In the face of continuing Pakistan officials say US killing of Taliban Arctic budget cuts, the UK’s military rotorcraft leader leaves peace talks in tatters community is looking to advance the quality BAE Systems announces cuts to Asia Pacific of its training while making the required Australian shipyards efficiencies. Andrew Drwiega reports Iraq starts taking delivery of Russian 16 Satellite imagery shows ‘supergun’ in Mi-35 helicopters Chinese desert Interview RDAF gets Litening G4 targeting pods 17 Images suggest ‘strike’ J-31 is on the cards 18 India again delays purchase of Spike 34 Dr Vivek Lall, Chairman, Indo-American ATGWs, Barak missiles Chamber of Commerce A&D Committee Subscribe today

© 2013 IHS. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, or be stored in To subscribe to JDW ONLINE please telephone any retrieval system of any nature, without prior written permission of IHS Global Limited. Any views or opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the views or opinions of IHS Global Limited or its affiliates. Disclaimer of liability: Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the quality and accuracy of the information contained in this publication at the time of going to press, IHS Global Limited and +44 (0) 1604 251 491, or 800 824 0768 if inside its affiliates assume no responsibility as to the accuracy or completeness of and, to the extent permitted by law, shall not be liable for any errors or omissions or any loss, damage or expense incurred by reliance on information or any statement contained in this publication. Advertising: Advertisers are solely responsible for the content of the advertising material which they submit to us and for ensuring that the material complies with applicable laws. IHS Global Limited and its affiliates are not responsible for any error, omission or inaccuracy in any advertisement and will not be liable for any damages the US. Or visit the website and subscribe using arising from any use of products or services or any actions or omissions taken in reliance on information or any statement contained in advertising material. Inclusion of any advertisement is not intended to endorse any views expressed, nor products or services offered, nor the organisations sponsoring the advertisement. Trade Marks: IHS Jane’s and Jane’s Defence Weekly are trade marks of IHS Global our secure server. Limited. Registered in England under company number 00788737. Registered office: Willoughby Road, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 8FB UK.

'(, ( *& ( $, (, * && ',( ! "+ ' # 2XU &RPEDW SURYHQ $ FRQWLQXHV WR HYROYH 7KH $9$ VXSSRUWV )& *! '$ 65: 6ROGLHU 5DGLR :DYHIRUP DQG $1: $GDSWLYH 1HWZRUNLQJ $1: DQG ³$GDSWLYH 1HWZRUNLQJ :LGHEDQG :DYHIRUP´ DUH WUDGHPDUNV RI +DUULV &RUSRUDWLRQ :LGHEDQG :DYHIRUP DV ZHOO DV RWKHU OHJDF\ ZDYHIRUPV 7KH $9$ LV Roper OLJKWZHLJKW DW RQO\ RXQFHV J DQG VHDOHG DQG ZHDWKHU UHVLVWDQW & ', " & ,' (,' ZZZXOWUDOLIHFRUSRUDWLRQFRP RUGHUV#XOELFRP

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 3

003_JDW_131120.indd 3 15/11/2013 16:03:43 The CH-47F Chinook is the most versatile,

mission-capable heavy-lift helicopter in the

world. More powerful than ever with advanced

flight controls and avionics, the CH-47F is in a

class by itself, whether it’s transporting troops

and equipment, on deep combat assault,

performing search and rescue, or delivering

disaster relief. Extraordinary performance— Roper it’s what you expect from Chinook.

Untitled-11 1 13/06/2013 16:04 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes HEADLINES Ukraine to offer China

Editorial use of NITKA facility Editor: Peter Felstead Asia-Pacific Editor: James Hardy Europe Editor: Nicholas de Larrinaga Middle East/Africa Editor: Jeremy Binnie JDW Features Editor: Kate Tringham REUBEN F JOHNSON JDW Correspondent & JDW Assistant Features Editor: Fay Brigden Ukraine is looking to offer its NITKA carrier JAMES HARDY JDW Asia-Pacific Editor Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor: Gareth Jennings aircraft training base to China Jane’s Land Desk Editor: Nick Brown KIEV & LONDON Jane’s Land Consultant: Christopher F Foss The Russian Navy is refusing to pay more to Jane’s Naval Consultant: Richard Scott extend its lease on the facility Jane’s Defence Industry Analyst: Charles Forrester Ukraine is preparing legislation to offer Jane’s Senior Principal Analyst: Guy Anderson Chinese pilots access to its Soviet-era Jane’s Asia-Pacific Industry Reporter: Jon Grevatt Washington, DC, Bureau: carrier aircraft training base, the Nazem- Novosti, the Russian Defence Ministry paid Americas Editor: Daniel Wasserbly niy Ispitatelno-Tryenirovochniy Kompleks around USD700,000 in 2012 in rent. Jane’s C4ISR Reporter: Geoff Fein Aviatsii (NITKA), as the Russian Navy is Ukrainian officialsve ha previously men- Jane’s Industry Reporter: Marina Malenic Jane’s Naval Reporter: Grace Jean refusing to pay more to extend its lease tioned offering the base to the PLANAF if Jane’s Senior Americas Aviation Reporter: Caitlin Lee on the facility. Russia would not pay a higher price for its

Chief Sub Editor: Jonathan Maynard NITKA, which is located at Novofedrovka continued use. The issue is no longer just Deputy Chief Sub Editor: Thomas Brown aerodrome near the Ukrainian city of Saki, a talking point, however, as there is a bill Sub Editors: Jessica D’Alonzo, Karen Deans, Terry Gault, Susie Kornell, Deborah Miller, Dom Passantino, Clare Welton is about to be vacated by a contingent of before the Ukrainian parliament that would Design Russian Naval Aviation carrier pilots. Russian permit the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence Head of Design: Roberto Filistad and Ukrainian media have reported that the (MoD) to change the leasing party from Rus- Chief Designer: David Playford operators of the base are now looking to offer sia to China. Production a lease to the Chinese People’s Liberation While a proposed lease to the Indian Navy Director EMEA, Production Services: David Ward Production Controller: Martyn Buchanan Army Navy Air Force (PLANAF). is being prepared as a back-up plan if the e-Publishing: Edward Allen, Richard Freeman Use of the NITKA facility has long been arrangement with the PLANAF falls through, General a point of contention between Russia and the “current configuration of the NITKA Senior Vice President IHS & Ukraine. Russian naval personnel were barred facilities and the orientation of the training Managing Director IHS Jane’s: Michael Dell Group Publishing Director: Sean Howe from using the base during the administra- regime that has been in use there for more Director, News and Analysis: James Green tion of Ukrainian President Viktor Yush- than 20 years is a closer fit with the Chinese Director, EMEA Editing and Design: Sara Morgan Administrative Assistant: Hannah Brockwell chenko as retaliation by Kiev for Russia’s requirement,” said a Ukrainian naval aviation Correspondents August 2008 invasion of Georgia. specialist who worked at the base for more The Americas: Peter Diekmeyer, Diego Gonzalez, Ukraine has no carrier in its naval fleet and than two decades. Scott Gourley, Inigo Guevara, José Higuera, Joshua Kucera, thus no use for the training complex, but no “The fact is that the PLANAF operate Jeremy McDermott, Pedro Paulo Rezende, Patricia Samfelt, Cesar Cruz Tantalean. Asia-Pacific: Gordon Arthur, Rahul analogous facility yet exists elsewhere in the their illegal copy of the [Sukhoi] Su-33,” he Bedi, Farhan Bokhari, J Michael Cole, Sebastien Falletti, former Soviet Union, which has forced the continued, referring to the Shenyang J-15, Robert Foster, Julian Kerr, Dzirhan Mahadzir, Mrityunjoy Mazumdar, Trefor Moss, Gavin Phipps, Kosuke Takahashi. Russian Navy to rely on access to NITKA to which has performed a number of take- Europe: Victor Barreira, Nicholas Fiorenza, train pilots for Admiral Kuznetsov, its first-of- offs and landings from Liaoning , China’s Tim Glogan, David Ing, Bruce Jones, Jiri Kominek, class and sole aircraft carrier. Kuznetsov-class carrier. “This is almost the Georg Mader, Tim Ripley, Lale Sariibrahimoglu, Sebastian Schulte, Menno Steketee, Radu Tudor, Theodore Valmas, The base has runways with arresting gear same aircraft as the original Russian carrier- Paolo Valpolini. Middle East/Africa: Segun Adeyemi, to simulate carrier landings and a take-off capable Su-33, so very little would need to be Nicholas Blanford, Helmoed-Römer Heitman, Yaakov Katz, Ellen Knickmeyer, Mohammed Najib. ramp that is a full-size replica of Admiral done to offer a training regime for Chinese NATO and EU Affairs: Brooks Tigner. Kuznetsov’s bow section. According to RIA carrier pilots,” he added.

To order reprints of IHS Jane’s articles/features please contact [email protected] or call +44 (0)20 8700 3738. Printed in the UK by Warners Midlands plc. Jane’s Defence COMMENT IHS Jane’s has previously noted that, in contrast Weekly is published 51 times a year at a US subscriber rate to other emerging carrier-capable nations such as of $560. China’s interest in the NITKA base may be India, China is developing its aircraft carrier project Periodicals postage paid at Jamaica NY 11431. US Postmaster: Send address changes to Jane’s Defence tempered by the fact it has developed its own with minimal assistance from experienced interna- Weekly, Air Business Ltd., c/o Worldnet Shipping Inc., 156- naval aviation facility, the China Flight Test tional partners. This undoubtedly increases the risk 15. 146th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Jamaica, NY 11434, USA. Establishment (CFTE), at Yan Liang air base of accidents and the length of time it will take for ISSN 2048-3430. Registered in the UK as a newspaper. in Xian. Nonetheless, Chinese ofﬁcials have China’s carrier aviation to reach operational maturity. shown great interest in the NITKA site – and its Neither is palatable for the PLAN or the leadership staff – in the past anRoperd so could be expected to of the Chinese Communist Party, which has invested welcome the opportunity to take advantage of substantial time, money and prestige in Liaoning and

This publication was produced Ukraine’s expertise in this area. its associated infrastructure. using FSC® certiﬁed paper

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 5

005_JDW_131120.indd 5 15/11/2013 15:27:36 HEADLINES For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

First RAF Rivet COMMENT tion, whereas the airframe of a modern airliner, optimised as it is for the Some sources have questioned economical transport of passengers, Joint delivered the worth of converting older would not. airframes instead of opting for In fact, such is the depth to which new-build airframes to address the KC-135 airframes are stripped PETER FELSTEAD JDW Editor the Airseeker requirement – espe- back that not a single wire from the The UK Royal Air Force has LONDON cially in light of the disastrous original aircraft remains. L-3 sources received its first Rivet Joint Nimrod MRA.4 programme. have said they can support the Rivet SIGINT aircraft The first of three Boeing RC- However, sources have told IHS Joint capability “out to 2035 and The aircraft is due to enter 135W Rivet Joint signals intel- Jane’s that all such options were beyond”, but the airframes themselves service in late 2014, according ligence (SIGINT) platforms explored before it was determined are actually ‘lifed out’ to 2044. to the UK MoD being procured for the Royal that bespoking a new-build airframe In terms of programme affordability, Air Force (RAF) under Project (like an Airbus airliner, for example) the RAF’s three-aircraft Rivet Joint Airseeker has been delivered lion (USD1.08 billion). Delivery would have been more expensive and fleet will also benefit from being part of to the UK. of the first platform was origi- incurred more risk.A key advantage a larger 20-aircraft fleet that includes Aircraft ZZ664 arrived at RAF nally scheduled for April 2014, of the ex-KC-135 airframes is that 17 US Air Force RC-135V/Ws, with all Waddington on 12 November, so the Airseeker programme is they were built to a very sturdy military the economies of scale that delivers having successfully completed its currently ahead of schedule. IHS design that readily accepts modifica- shared on a proportional basis. flight trials at prime contractor Jane’s understand the second air- L-3 Communications’ facility in craft (ZZ665) will arrive in 2015 tional by mid-2017.” new platforms deliver around Greenville, Texas. The aircrew and the third (ZZ666) in 2017. The UK’s three Rivet Joint 10 times the capability provided and ground support personnel In an MoD release on 12 aircraft will recapitalise an by the Nimrod fleet in 2001, of the RAF’s 51 Squadron will November Air Vice-Marshal Phil airborne SIGINT capability that offering the ability to “under- now conduct work-up exercises Osborn, director of capability at was lost when the last two BAE stand across the electromagnetic with the aircraft and its systems Joint Forces Command, stated: Systems Nimrod R.1 aircraft spectrum”. Each RC-135 has prior to entering service “in “We plan to have our Airseeker were withdrawn from service a full crew complement of 28, late 2014”, according to the UK programme, comprising all three in June 2011 (a third R.1 had although the extent to which the Ministry of Defence (MoD). Rivet Joint aircraft with their already been put into storage SIGINT gathered by the platform Although 51 Squadron’s RC- highly skilled aircrew, ground in late 2009). Sources familiar is processed on board, as opposed 135W aircrew have clocked up crew and analysts, fully opera- with the programme say the to reaching back to the UK, can more than 32,000 flight hours be scaled according to mission since they began training with The RAF’s first RC-135W Rivet Joint SIGINT platform requirements. the US Air Force’s 55th Recon- arrives at RAF Waddington on 12 November. As their RC-135 designation naissance Wing out of Offut Air suggests, the Rivet Joint air- Force Base, Nebraska, in January craft are converted from US 2011, they have yet to build up Air Force Boeing KC-135R their hours as UK-only aircrew. Stratotankers. The three British The three Rivet Joint aircraft airframes were selected because KMD 1168846 MoD: UK are being procured via the US they had relatively low flying Foreign Military Sales route in a hours and were from the same programme worth GBP680 mil- production batch.

Given the potential candi- Colombia eyes new fighter type dates named by the general, it looks likely that the FAC will be The Colombian Air Force national Fighter Conference in The FAC’s frontline fighter looking to procure surplus rather (Fuerza Aerea Colombiana - London, Brigadier General Carlos fleet is currently composed of than new-build aircraft. FAC) is looking to procure Bueno, FAC Air Operations 19 single-seat Israeli Aircraft Colombia has already embark- a new fighter aircraft “over Commander, said that the air Industries (IAI) Kfir C.10/12s ed on an effort to replace its the next three to four years” force is considering a number of (plus three twin-seat variants ageing Cessna A-37 Dragonfly to enhance its top-end air modern fighter types, such as the for conversion training). It is and Rockwell OV-10 Bronco combat capabilities, a senior Lockheed Martin F-16 Fighting Roperunderstood that the new fighter ground attack platforms. service official said on 14 Falcon, Sukhoi Su-30 ‘Flanker’, will augment the FAC’s newly Gareth Jennings November. Dassault Rafale, Dassault Mirage upgraded Kfirs to boost the air Jane’s Aviation Desk Editor, Speaking at the IQPC Inter- 2000, Saab JAS 39 Gripen. force’s air-to-air capabilities. London

6 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

006_JDW_131120.indd 6 15/11/2013 15:29:49 Roper

Untitled-4 1 02/04/2013 11:32 HEADLINES For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

would be done and how we would Turkey working on Chinese approach it. Now we are working on the specifics of that,” said Bayar. “Turkish companies will T-Loramids dilemma work on that interface, so Chinese engineers or experts will not be accessing anything either on the JOSHUA KUCERA JDW Correspondent with IHS Jane’s. “We are, of Turkish air defence side or on the ISTANBUL course, sensitive to our partners’ NATO side. There will be a very concerns. They are valid concerns, clear delineation of those activi- Turkey believes that there is especially when a significant ties. These Turkish companies Turkey is insisting it can a technical solution to the country like China is involved, and have NATO clearances. They will integrate the Chinese controversy over its recent we will take them into account.” establish the protocols of commu- system it has selected for its selection of a Chinese system T-Loramids requirement with During the selection process nication with the Chinese systems for its T-Loramids air and mis- NATO systems Turkey did not consult with to take the data and put it through sile defence requirement, the NATO members about the HQ-9 a separate system; convert that Overcoming political and country’s top defence industry system’s compatibility with into a Turkish language, a NATO diplomatic resistance to its official has told IHS Jane’s. NATO systems, but interoperabil- language; and make it work in our plans from within the alliance Turkey’s announcement in late could prove a bigger hurdle ity was one of the criteria it used air defence system and vice versa. September that it would enter in making a decision, Bayar said. And it will be separate: no Chinese discussions with China’s Preci- Turkish and Chinese engineers involvement on this side, just us. sion Machinery Import-Export nese system would be incompat- are now working on a technical So from a purely technical point Corporation for the purchase ible with NATO systems. “interface” by which the Chinese of view we’re not seeing major of the HQ-9 long-range air and Turkey is listening to the objec- system could communicate with roadblocks. … We know the NATO missile defence system has roiled tions, said Murad Bayar, head NATO assets securely, he said. rules and criteria and we will be the alliance. Military and politi- of Turkey’s Defence Industries “We knew that if this were a implementing them.” cal officials from several allied Undersecretariat. “We understand non-NATO nation solution there nations have spoken out against and respect our NATO partner would be a need for an interface. Go to ihs.com/janes the plan, arguing that the Chi- nations,” he said in an interview And this was addressed: how it for more of this story

said the DoD’s decision to forgo DoD reverses decision to the purchase of additional Upgrade of Mi-17s came after a discussion Russia’s Tu-160 buy more Mi-17s for AAF with US lawmakers. “After initially requesting facing delays funds from Congress in the FY The US Department of Committee voted in July to cut 2014 budget to provide addi- The modernisation of 16 Tupolev Defense (DoD) has decided not USD345 million in funding that tional enhancements for the Tu-160 ‘Blackjack’ strategic to buy additional Mi-17 ‘Hip’ would have paid for the Mi-17s. Afghan National Security Forces, bombers, which according to the transport helicopters from Ro- Pentagon officialsve ha repeat- the department has re-evaluated long-range plans of the Russian soboronexport, Russia’s state- edly said that the Mi-17 is ideal requirements in consultation Air Force should have been com- owned arms export agency, as for the AAF, since the Afghans with Congress,” she said in a 13 pleted in 2017, may be delayed to part of an effort to build up the are familiar with the Russian November statement. 2019 or beyond, IHS Jane’s has Afghan Air Force (AAF). technology and so can more eas- Caitlin Lee been told by some of the special- The DoD requested 15 Mi-17 ily learn how to properly fly and Senior Americas Aviation ists assigned to the project. helicopters in the fiscal year maintain it. However, Schumann Reporter, Washington,DC At present there is still no finalised 2014 (FY 2014) budget, but US configuration as to what Soviet-era defence officials now say they Afghan components will be replaced on have decided not to buy any more commandos the aircraft, IHS Jane’s was told. beyond the 86 currently in the from the Sixth Meanwhile, the manufacturer of the AAF’s programme of record. Commando Tu-160’s Kuznetsov NK-32 engines is Kandak wait “We decided at this time we for two Mi-17 unable to come to an agreement with don’t need to purchase those,” helicopters the United Aero-Engine Building Cor- Pentagon spokeswoman Mau- Roper to land. poration on the question of financing. reen Schumann told IHS Jane’s on Afghanistan has Reuben F Johnson a long history 14 November. of operating the JDW Correspondent, Kiev The US Senate Appropriations Mi-17. US Navy): 1398310

8 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

008-009_JDW_131120.indd 8 15/11/2013 16:20:24 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes HEADLINES

NATO to scale up military exercises post-2014

NICHOLAS DE LARRINAGA JDW Europe Editor AOpooSg a oligBiihAm:1168845 Army: British Houlding Ian photo/SSgt NATO BUCIERZ

NATO is planning to signifi- IHS Jane’s on 6 and 7 November cantly step up its joint training during the alliance’s ‘Steadfast activities as the alliance Jazz 2013’ exercise in Poland and looks to maintain the high Latvia. ‘Steadfast Jazz’ involved level of interoperability gained more than 6,000 personnel and from 12 years of fighting in was designed to certify the capa- Afghanistan. bilities of the NATO Response Polish Army Leopard 2A4 tanks advance during the NATO ‘Steadfast Jazz’ “In Afghanistan we have Force (NRF) for 2014. Indicating military exercise at Bucierz, Poland, on 7 November 2013. learned how to work and operate the increased importance of such together within the alliance, and exercises as the alliance’s combat kind of exercise, with this sort been,” Gen Hodges stated. we want to maintain and further role comes to an end, ‘Steadfast of complexity, is going to be the Seeking to alleviate fears of develop that ability to work and Jazz’ was the largest NATO exer- norm.” He pointed towards the the impact of a smaller fixed US operate together. That’s why you cise and first live-fire exercise the planned 2015 exercise, ‘Trident military footprint in Europe, Ras- will see an enhanced exercise alliance has held for seven years. Juncture’ in Portugal and Spain, mussen stated that “the fact is programme in the coming years,” Mirroring Rasmussen’s com- which should see “upwards of that the Americans have decided NATO Secretary General Anders ments, US Army Lieutenant 40,000” personnel involved. to engage in a stronger manner in Fogh Rasumussen stated on 7 General Frederick ‘Ben’ Hodges, “The level of interoperability the NATO Response Force”. November at the Bucierz military commander of NATO’s Allied in the alliance is better than range in Poland. Land Command in Izmir, Turkey, it’s ever been. It’s not perfect, Go to ihs.com/janes Senior NATO leaders spoke to stated: “There’s no doubt that this but it’s better than it’s ever for more of this story 7+,6 ,61·7 285),567 7285 2) '87<

Roper

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 9

008-009_JDW_131120.indd 9 15/11/2013 16:20:26 THE AMERICAS For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

USAF to buy US Air Force debates three more Global Hawks reduction in UAV orbits

The US Air Force (USAF) has awarded Northrop Grumman CAITLIN LEE Senior Americas Aviation Reporter will be the debate in the budget a USD114 million advance WASHINGTON, DC discussions this year.” procurement contract to build Combatant commanders in three more RQ-4 Global Hawk Senior US Air Force (USAF) Afghanistan, and previously in unmanned aerial vehicles offi cials are in the midst of General Mark Welsh, the USAF Iraq, have long hailed the value of (UAVs) and associated sensors, a high-stakes debate about chief of staff, wants to cut the the intelligence, surveillance, and air force’s UAV CAP orbits to 45 the company announced on 8 the future of the force’s un- reconnaissance (ISR) provided November. manned aerial vehicle (UAV) Sixty-five orbits of medium- by UAVs, which are known as This contract provides for advance fl eet that could lead to a re- altitude UAVs may not be remotely piloted aircraft (RPAs) procurement of long lead items duction in combat air patrols relevant in theatres other than in the USAF. Afghanistan associated with three Block 30 (CAPs) to no more than 45. Gen Welsh said the demand aircraft and the work is expected In 2008 Secretary of Defense for ISR is not likely to decrease in to be completed in 2015, Northrop Robert Gates lambasted the reporters at a 13 November the future, but the money tied up Grumman said. USAF for failing to produce more media breakfast. “There are some in 65 CAPs might be better spent The Pentagon had originally MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper people that would like to keep on other ISR platforms. planned to purchase 42 of the Block CAPs during a speech at the US that number higher and that “We have a lot of money 30 aircraft. Northrop Grumman Air Force Academy. In response, invested in moving towards 65 has delivered 16 to the USAF, with service officials scrambled to CAPs … to support Afghanistan,” fi ve more pending, according to a put more CAPs in the air quickly said Gen Welsh. “If you go out company spokeswoman. and to produce a plan in 2010 to and ask other combatant com- The USAF’s 2013 budget proposal reach 65 CAPs by the end of Fis- manders … what kind of ISR he called for its Block 30 Global Hawks cal Year 2013 (FY13). needs in his theatre of opera- to be retired and for new purchases The deadline for 65 CAPs was tions, he would not say 65 orbits to cease. This followed senior leaders later extended to May 2014 and of medium-altitude RPAs.” reporting in 2011 that the platform today USAF officials say they Beyond Afghanistan, Gen had not been cost-effective and that are on track to meet it, with 62 Welsh said the USAF would the manned Lockheed U-2 Dragon CAPs currently in the air. As the need to maintain ISR assets to Lady fl eet could undertake recon- war in Afghanistan winds down, support one ‘theatre’s worth’

naissance missions at a lower cost. however, General Mark Welsh, 1184505 GA-ASI: of ISR during a conflict. “That’s However, US lawmakers ques- the USAF’s chief of staff, is call- not done well” with 65 CAPs, tioned those plans and put them ing for a reduction in the number he said. “You need something on hold. of CAPs to 45 or lower. that looks at a broader area and Marina Malenic Jane’s Industry “In the vicinity of 45 would be The MQ-9 Reaper, depicted here, cues those platforms to provide joins the MQ-1 Predator in fulfilling Reporter, Washington, DC a good start, and then we would the USAF’s 24/7 combat air patrol direct support to small units on see how we do,” Gen Welsh told mission. the ground.” Brazilian military warns of 2014 budget deficit

Brazil’s joint National Defence However, nearly 70% of the fund- marked BRL16.2 billion, they disputed the shortfall of BRL13.7 Committee was warned at a ing is committed to staffing costs. argued, noting that the proposed billion, saying it was more in the public hearing on 7 Novem- The commanders of the navy, resources would be insufficient region of BRL5 billion. ber that the military is facing army, and air force told lawmak- to fund even routine activities “The total value of the budget a shortfall of BRL13.7 billion ers that the budget allocated for such as equipment maintenance. is still under discussion and we (USD5.9 billion) in the project- expenses other than personnel It would also mean the budget anticipate that the ﬁ nal ﬁ gure ed 2014 budget. was less than the ‘minimum would not meet the costs of proj- will be approved this December,” The overall proposed defence requirement’ needed for routineRoperects that are part of the National an MoD spokesperson said. budget for 2014 is BRL72.9 operations. Defence Strategy. Janet Tappin Coelho billion: the fourth largest out of A total of BRL29.8 billion Ministry of Defence (MoD) Sec- JDW Correspondent, Brazil’s ministerial departments. was needed instead of the ear- retary General Ari Matos Cardoso Rio de Janeiro

10 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

010_JDW_131120.indd 10 15/11/2013 12:51:17 William A. Coleman Jr., Painter | Ingalls Shipbuilding, Pascagoula, Miss.

ONLY THE BEST SHIPBUILDERS IN THE WORLD CAN BUILD THE FINEST SHIPS AT SEA.

HuntingtonIngalls.com/William |#TougherThanSteel Roper

Scan code to see more Tougher Than Steel stories.

Untitled-5 1 24/10/2013 14:55 Be prepared! Practice to improve skills.

Please visit us at I/ITSEC 2013, 2–5 December, Orlando, Florida, Booth 1481 Roper

RUAG Schweiz AG | RUAG Defence Allmendstrasse 86 | 3602 Thun | Switzerland Phone +41 33 228 22 65 | [email protected] www.ruag.com

Untitled-3 1 15/11/2013 10:24 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes THE AMERICAS

achieve more than low power. Peru receives Latest X-47B trials “The sausage-making of test and evaluation” was on display US-donated during the trial, Rear Admi- J8 vehicles yield mixed results ral Mat Winter, programme executive officer for unmanned The Peruvian Army has accepted aviation and strike weapons, told 38 new Jeep J8 light utility CAITLIN LEE JDW Senior Americas Aviation Reporter reporters on board the carrier, vehicles donated by the United NORFOLK, VIRGINIA which was located about 60 States. miles off the coast of Norfolk The new vehicles are meant to The latest at-sea flight Naval Air Station in Virginia. The latest round of carrier- increase Peruvian forces’ mobility for trials of the US Navy’s (USN’s) “We had very good learning based X-47B trials started on counter-insurgency and counter-nar- X-47B unmanned combat air today and we will continue to 9 November cotics operations in the troubled Valle system demonstrator (UCAS- operate for the rest of the at-sea The X-47B failed to take off del Rio Apurimac, Ene y Mantaro D) on board USS Theodore period,” he confirmed. during its first attempt on 10 (VRAEM) region. Roosevelt (CVN 72) have so During a second attempt at November, but the second The US donation is seen as a far yielded mixed results. flight on 10 November the X-47B attempt was successful boost for Peruvian operations in Reporters were invited to successfully catapulted off the the VRAEM, where the remainder witness a flight demonstration ship, circling back to approach of the Shining Path (Sendero Lumi- of ‘Salty Dog 502’, the call sign munications and maintenance the carrier with an F/A-18 Hor- noso - SL) militant group and most for one of two X-47B platforms, problem. net fighter in chase. Peruvian narcotics production are during the unmanned aerial Operators using a control Landing signals operators on concentrated. vehicle’s (UAV’s) second day at display unit (CDU) attached to the carrier deck then ‘waved off’ Moreover, the Peruvian Army sea on 10 November. their arms were able to taxi the the X-47B rather than allowing is considering buying about 100 During the day’s first attempt, X-47B behind the catapult, but it to continue its approach to the light vehicles to provide mobility for the experimental X-47B failed to they found that the aircraft was carrier deck, a procedure that its new Spike Long Range and get off the ground due to a com- not accepting CDU commands to USN officials said is typical during Spike Extended Range anti-tank the first pass. guided missiles and for liaison and The X-47B was successfully launched from a catapult on The 10 November flight tests utility purposes. USS Theodore Roosevelt during a second attempt on 10 November. followed a test run that took The US-made AM General Hum- place the previous day, according vee is seen as a leading candidate to Adm Winter. for this requirement, as the Peruvian The primary goal of the current Army already operates 22 M1165A1 test plan is to obtain navigation Humvees, although the Jeep J8 may and air system performance data have gained some advantage now under more stressing conditions

that it, too, is in service. 1513069 Lee: Caitlin than were experienced during Cesar Cruz Tantalean the X-47B’s last carrier-based JDW Correspondent, Lima ﬂight tests in July on board USS George H W Bush (CVN 77). USN anticipates UCLASS draft RfP in December

The US Navy (USN) is on track that is expected to include four While the USN has come under Admiral Mat Winter, the USN’s to release a draft request companies: General Atomics, fire for pursuing what some see programme executive officer for for proposals (RfP) in mid- Northrop Grumman, Boeing, as an overly aggressive schedule unmanned aviation and strike December for a new carrier- and Lockheed Martin. Each of for UCLASS, the release of a draft weapons. based surveillance and strike those companies received USD15 RfP in mid-December actually While “the warfighter’s unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). million preliminary design review represents a schedule slip. The requirement is solid”, Adm The final RfP for the contracts in August. USN’s previous plan was to issue Winter said, the problem lies in Unmanned Carrier-Launched A downselect to a single the request early in the last quar- translating broad-brush require- Airborne Strike and Surveillance vendor is expected in FY15, ter of FY13. ments for UCLASS into technical (UCLASS) system is due for USN officials told reporters dur- Roper“That draft request for pro- specifications for the draft RfP. release in the second quarter of ing a 7 November press confer- posals is in the final approval Caitlin Lee JDW Senior Fiscal Year 2014 (FY14), likely ence that was embargoed until stages of our senior leadership Americas Aviation Reporter, launching a bidding competition 12 November. authorities,” according to Rear Norfolk, Virginia

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 13

013_JDW_131120.indd 13 15/11/2013 15:17:32 EUROPE For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

ther 2,100 in the organisation’s UK carrier’s Half of DE&S staff Information Systems and Services branch will be transferred out of hull complete DE&S into Joint Forces Com- The final hull section of the first would transfer to mand. Around 1,250 of the posts of the UK Royal Navy’s future are then to be moved to what is to Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft be termed the ‘common resource carriers has been lowered into proposed GOCO platform’, made up of human place, marking a key milestone resources, finance, commercial, for the construction programme, and technical specialists. A fur- officials have announced. TIM RIPLEY JDW Correspondent ther 350 of the posts involved in More than half of the UK’s The hull of Queen Elizabeth was LONDON Requirements Management and Defence Equipment & Support officially completed after the 130- the Finance Military Capability organisation staff would tonne, 6 m-high front section of the Just more than half of the transformation are expected to be transition to the private sector carrier’s ski ramp was fitted into 16,300 civilian personnel from retained within the MoD as part if the proposed GOCO model place at BAE Systems’ Rosyth facility the UK’s government pro- of the so-called the “intelligent is adopted in Scotland on 10 November. Only curement organisation would customer function”. Reductions in DE&S personnel the aircraft lifts and radar need to be fall under the control of a “Of the remaining 9,300 will see their number drop to added to complete outward construc- proposed outsourced private- posts, we would expect that 14,500 by 2015 tion of the 65,000-tonne carrier. sector management provider 1,500 would be military person- “Now our focus turns towards if that strategy is taken up, it nel,” said Dunne. “These posts fitting Queen Elizabeth with the sensi- has emerged. Defence and Security Review. are planned to transfer into the tive electronics and systems she will Details of how the Defence Further reductions in DE&S GOCO in two stages, with a first need,” BAE Systems said. Equipment & Support (DE&S) personnel will see numbers drop vesting day at the end of financial Under current scheduling Queen organisation would transition to to 14,500 by 2015, according to year 2014/15 followed by a Elizabeth will be launched in mid- the proposed government-owned Minister for Defence Equipment, second vesting day at the end of 2014, with sea trials earmarked contractor-operated (GOCO) Support, and Technology Philip financial year 2016/17.” to start in late 2016 and entry into model were revealed in a briefing Dunne. “This figure includes the Dunne said figures were based service expected in 2017. to staff seen by IHS Jane’s. planned outsourcing of the Logis- on current assumptions and that Queen Elizabeth and sister ship DE&S, headquartered at Abbey tics Commodities and Services it was too early to make defini- Prince of Wales are being delivered Wood, near Bristol, currently has activity,” he said. “Also outside tive statements about the size by the Aircraft Carrier Alliance, about 16,300 staff after losing the scope of a potential GOCO and shape of a GOCO. comprising Babcock, BAE Systems, 5,200 posts in a redundancy drive are the 1,500 people who man- The UK government is still Thales UK, and the Ministry of since the UK coalition govern- age our naval bases. This activity considering whether to proceed Defence. ment announced it would shed currently sits within DE&S, but with a GOCO or to adopt an Kate Tringham JDW Features 25,000 civil employees across will be largely transferred to the in-house reform solution, called Editor, London the Ministry of Defence (MoD) Royal Navy.” DE&S+. A main gate decision is following the 2010 Strategic According the minister, a fur- expected early next year.

Romania requests F-16 arms from US When in service the F-16s will replace Romania’s aged fleet of Mikoyan MiG-21 Lancer Romania has requested an Romania has requested a (upgraded ‘Fishbed’) fighters. arms package worth USD457 comprehensive weapons package Nine of the F-16s for Romania to support the 12 Lockheed million from the United States Martin F-16AMs it is purchasing come directly from ex-Portu- in support of its purchase of from Portugal. guese Air Force stocks, while Lockheed Martin F-16 fighter three are being purchased by otgeeArFre 1168844 Force: Air Portuguese aircraft from Portugal. Portugal for the deal from the US The country is in the process of Captive Air Training Missiles Air Force under the US Excess acquiring 12 F-16AM/BM Fight- (CATMs); 60 Raytheon AIM-9M Defense Article programme. ing Falcon multirole fighters Sidewinder missiles; 4 AIM-9M At USD457 million, the from Portugal, under a contract CATMs; 48 LAU-129 Common requested arms package comes announced on 11 October. Rail Launchers; 10 Raytheon significantly above the 12 air- To support this purchase Agency on 8 November, that RoperGBU-12 Enhanced Guided Bomb craft’s own reported price tag of Romania has requested an arms includes: 30 Raytheon AIM- Units; 18 Raytheon AGM-65H/ about USD250 million. package detailed by the US 120C Advanced Medium Range KB Maverick air-to-surface mis- Nicholas de Larrinaga Defense Security Cooperation Air-to-Air Missiles; 5 AIM-120C siles; and 4 AGM-65 CATMs. JDW Europe Editor, London

14 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

014-015_JDW_131120.indd 14 15/11/2013 14:28:15 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes EUROPE

Russia plans to bolster its forces in the Arctic

BRUCE JONES JDW Correspondent and the consequent need to sion and [ensure] the cessation ber that this refers to contested LONDON improve the strength, funding, of hostilities on terms that meet claims filed or possibly updated infrastructure, and logistics of the interests of the Russian by Russia that are due to be aired On 5 November Russia’s Min- the Russian Federation’s armed Federation”. at the UN in relation to the Con- istry of Regional Development forces in the region” along with It highlights the fact that more vention on the Law of the Sea on announced its Draft Strategic the establishment of “a system than 20% of Russian territory is 19 December in New York. Programme covering up to of [prepositioned] equipment for covered by the Arctic, including Immediately following the 2020, defining military risks the operational deployment of a a number of cities and regions paper’s unveiling, Russian and requirements in the coun- group of forces”. important for their strategic Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu try’s Arctic region, according A leading national security position, military infrastructure, announced on 6 November that to local media reports. advisor explained to IHS Jane’s metals, minerals, hydrocarbons, a decision on the design of a new Risks outlined by the plan on 12 November that a ‘group of and other resources. ‘Ice’ class of Arctic patrol vessels include the lack of operational forces’ is the peacetime designa- The news portal Rosbalt goes will be made public by the end of experience in extreme climatic tion denoting a ‘front’ or ‘army on to state that Russia considers the year. The minister went on conditions, the lack of suitable group’ able to conduct stand- as its Exclusive Economic Zone to say that a new Arctic defence weapon systems, vulnerabilities alone military operations at a present and future open seas and patrolling network, of which associated with uncontrolled bor- near-strategic level. They have and islands of the Arctic Ocean the Ice-class vessels will form ders and poor capabilities with been deployed recently in the from the north coast of Russia a part, will start operations in which to immediately respond to North Caucasus and Chechnya. to the North Pole, its contiguous 2014. Its role will be to protect external aggression. The document expresses the continental shelf, and associated the country’s strategic interests, The quoted document sets out need for “strategic deterrence airspace. including the contested Northern the “increase in potential conflict and, in the case of armed conflict, An offshore resources special- Sea Route that Russia claims as in the world’s Arctic regions [the capability] to repel aggres- ist told IHS Jane’s on 12 Novem- part of its territory. Spanish defence budget Norway selects land AW101 beat off competition from the Eurocopter EC725 Caracal, NHIn- a ‘fraud’, says opposition AW101 for SAR dustries NH90, and Sikorsky S-92. According to the government, final requirement negotiations for the 16 helicopters (with Spain’s defence budget for to defence within the general an option for six more) will be con- 2014 has been labelled a budget did not cover the actual The Norwegian government cluded by the end of the year. The first “fraud” by opposition parties, costs incurred by the MoD. has selected the AgustaWest- AW101 will enter service in 2017, with which anticipate the govern- Pere Macías, of Catalan land AW101 Merlin to fulfill its the remainder being operational by the ment approving further spend- regional party Convergencia i Norwegian All Weather Search- planned retirement date of the current ing during the coming year. Union (CiU), said the govern- and-Rescue Helicopter require- Westland Sea King Mk.4 in 2020. The government has already ment had adopted the credits ment, the Ministry of Justice and Although the Ministry of Justice and suggested extra money will be policy to get round spending Public Security announced on 8 Public Security owns the helicopters, needed by the summer. That limits on ministries agreed with November. they will be operated and maintained would make it the third year in the European Union to help the In securing the USD2.73 billion deal, by the Royal Norwegian Air Force. a row it has resorted to a top-up country through the ongoing including equipment, infrastructure, Gareth Jennings Jane’sv A iation credit to help pay off outstand- sovereign debt crisis. logistics and support, the AgustaWest- Desk Editor, London ing debts on the country’s key In his presentation to parlia- re-equipment programmes. ment, Morenés said the 2014 Pictured here Speaking during the 12 MoD budget – set to be cut by in Canadian November parliamentary debate 3.2% to EUR5.74 billion when service, on 2014 MoD spending, the approved – highlighted the effort the AW101 defence spokesman for the main being made to cut MoD spend- will begin replacing

opposition party, the Socialists ing, noting that Spain had cut 1390530 AgustaWestland: the Sea King (Partido Socialista Obrero Espa- its defence budgets by a third as Norway’s ñol), called this way of handling since the Western debt crisis Roper search- the budget a “legal fraud”. The began in 2008. and-rescue platform from spokesman, Diego López Gar- David Ing 2017. rido, said the money allotted JDW Correspondent, Madrid

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 15

014-015_JDW_131120.indd 15 15/11/2013 14:28:16 ASIA PACIFIC For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

Satellite imagery Previously used target blocks shows ‘supergun’

in Chinese desert 110 ft ‘supergun’ Target mounts

SEAN O’CONNOR JDW Correspondent INDIANAPOLIS Possible Xianfeng cannon

Satellite imagery has revealed Satellite images provided by two unusually large artillery Astrium show what seems pieces, measuring about 80 ft to be a ‘supergun’ at a test and 110 ft respectively, at a centre near Baotou in China Astrium imagery depicts two objects under test at an armour and artillery test test centre for armour and complex near Baotou, China, located at 40º50’40”N, 109º36’28”E. The ‘supergun’ appears to Image dated 19 July 2013. artillery northwest of Baotou be similar to earlier projects © CNES 2013, Distribution Astrium Services / Spot Image S.A./ IHS: 1487003 in China. to build artillery capable of The two pieces, which are extreme-range barrages horizontally mounted, are fitted ‘supergun’ technology testbed The larger Baotou artillery on a concrete pad that appeared similar to the Iraqi Project Baby- piece resembles the Project Baby- between September 2010 and programme. Approximately 85 lon supergun designed by Gerald lon supergun, which was theoret- December 2011, when the ft long, the Xianfeng gun may be Bull. IHS Jane’sLand Warfare ically capable of extreme-range objects were first captured by sat- the smaller of the two objects, Platforms: Artillery & Air Defence artillery barrages or of targeting ellite imagery. Images provided by retained for experimental use notes that Bull was heavily orbiting satellites. Bull’s ‘Baby Astrium confirmed that the pieces after its cancellation in 1980. involved in designing long-range Babylon’ testbed measured 150 were still in place in July 2013. In the 1990s it was revealed Chinese artillery systems for ft in length, compared with the The 2011 imagery clearly that China had built a long-range Norinco in the 1980s. 110 ft-long piece at Baotou. depicts a series of what appear to be targets in front of the 110 ft piece, suggesting some COMMENT China’s extensive long-term tion. The other possibility is that China kind of penetration testing for development of ballistic missiles is simply reusing the legacy systems high-velocity projectiles. Although the Baotou pieces for both of these missions. from its long-range artillery pro- China has historically shown appear similar in design to the Alternatively, the devices could also grammes from the 1970s and 1990s interest in large-calibre, long- Bull ‘supergun’ concept, it seems be railgun prototypes, although this as part of a projectile test range: a view range artillery. It experimented unlikely that they are intended appears unlikely as there is no signifi- that is supported by the presence of with the Xianfeng ‘supergun’ in for long-range artillery barrages cant external power routed to the test what appears to be ‘used’ targets on the 1970s as part of its Proj- or anti-satellite operations given pad and a lack of environmental protec- the northwest side of the pad. ect 640 anti-ballistic missile Russia renews PAK-FA overtures to South Korea

India’s decision to reduce the Exhibition (ADEX 2013) in late first offered eth PAK-FA to South like the Advanced F-15 variant number of Sukhoi Perspek- October confirmed that the Korea in 2011, but has returned that had been originally selected tivniy Aviatsonnoi Kompleks- Boeing F-15’s lack of stealth to Seoul with a new, unsolicited in the competition, and a fifth- Frontovoi Aviatsii (PAK-FA) relative to fifth-generation offer. “Russia has come back into generation stealthy aeroplane T-50 fifth-generation fighters fighters such as the F-35 – and the ... competition because they later, but only once the design it is procuring has led Russia’s PAK-FA – was a key reason for believe they see an opening if of that second aircraft was a United Aircraft Corporation the decision by Republic of Korea there would be a ‘split buy’ by the proven, in-service platform,” the (UAC) to search for new mar- Air Force (RoKAF) not to proceed RoKAF,” said a US industry source official added. kets for the aircraft. with the initially selected F-15 Roperinvolved in the FX-III bidding. Reuben F Johnson South Korean government and Silent Eagle concept for its FX-III “This would mean the RoKAF JDW Correspondent, Kiev defence industry officials at the fighter requirement. would procure some number of James Hardy JDW Seoul Aerospace and Defence Russia’s Rosoboronexport an aircraft that is available now, Asia-Pacific Editor, London

16 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

016-019_JDW131120.indd 16 15/11/2013 15:30:03 Some see a storm approaching. You see a pattern that could affect your business.

In the aerospace & defense industry, risks may not be as obvious as a storm on the horizon. IHS can help you not only see risks, but anticipate them. Regardless of location or industry, we can highlight how multiple issues can affect your supply chain and your proﬁt potential. Get the insights, analytics and expertise you need to make the best decisions.

To learn more, download our white paper, “Making Sense of Risk,” at www.IHSDefenseInsights.com/dw

SEE THE BIGRoper PICTURE

Untitled-7 1 15/11/2013 14:55 ASIA PACIFIC Images suggest ‘strike’ J-31 is on the cards

RICHARD D FISHER JR JDW Correspondent WASHINGTON, DC CAD images that have appeared on Chinese websites suggest Shenyang may

be working on a strike version of its J-31 1525701 internet: Chinese via stealth fighter The CAD images cannot be verified but would make sense given the PLAAF’s lack of interest in the existing J-31 programme

A computer-generated image of what may be a strike version of the Shenyang J-31 stealth fighter. Computer-aided design (CAD) images that have appeared on the Chinese internet indicate that the Shenyang Aircraft the vertical stabilisers are similar to the J-31 Corporation (SAC) may be considering a fighter that first flew on 31 October 2012. larger ‘strike’ version of its J-31 fighter. The design also features clear planform co- It is not possible to confirm whether these ordination among the lifting surfaces to aid CAD images are from a corporate source, such low observability. as SAC’s 601 Design Institute, or perhaps The wing is much larger than the J-31 and the work of a student from the associated increases fuel capacity for a greater strike Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astro- radius, but the fuselage does not appear to be nautics, which was involved in designing a fly- much wider. An internal weapon bay is not ing scale model of the J-31 first seen in 2010. pictured, but one image shows the aircraft However, it is plausible that SAC would be armed with a single YJ-12 supersonic anti- working on additional variants of the J-31, ship missile on the centreline. which is an industry rather than military- A chart that also appeared online shows funded programme. The lack of People’s the new design in comparison to the SAC Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) support J-15 carrier-based fighter, suggesting a for the existing J-31 may have prompted possible future role on China’s current and SAC to develop a new version that may prove future aircraft carriers. more attractive. The chart shows that in terms of length, The lengthened J-31 concept is reminis- height, and wingspan the new design is only cent of the US Air Force’s interest in a stealth slightly larger than the J-15 and as such fighter-bomber version of the Lockheed may be compatible with Liaoning, China’s Martin F-22, sometimes called the FB-22, Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier, and a second which was abandoned in favour of a new indigenously designed carrier expected to be long-range bomber. similar in size and configuration. The CAD images show a triplane-con- This lengthened and heavier version of figured fighter with front canards and rear the J-31 would require a more powerful horizontal stabilisers. The chined nose and engine than the Klimov RD-93 fitted to the J-31 if it were to be employed from a short take-off but arrestedove rec ry carrier such as Liaoning. i hns nent 1525702 internet: Chinese via Russia’s Klimov bureau has developed the 20,000 lb-thrust RD-33MK, while unconfirmed Chinese sources indicate that a Roper slightly more powerful version of the WS-13 turbofan is also under development. The The J-31 strike version has a triplane planform and is here shown fitted with a single YJ-12 WS-13 has been undergoing testing on a supersonic anti-ship missile on the centreline. Chengdu FC-1 fighter since about 2010.

18 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

016-019_JDW131120.indd 18 15/11/2013 15:30:14 ASIA PACIFIC

India again delays purchase of Spike ATGWs, Barak missiles

RAHUL BEDI JDW Correspondent The Indian MoD has postponed the NEW DELHI procurement of two Israeli missile systems: one for the army and the other for the navy India’s Ministry of Defence (MoD) on 11 The procurement had been previously November again deferred the purchase deferred in April of two Israeli missile systems. Officials said the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) postponed the INR150 bil- foul of being the single system offered, which lion (USD2.3 billion) procurement of Rafael is proscribed under India’s Defence Procure- Spike Extended Range (ER) anti-tank guided ment Procedure. missiles (ATGMs), used by the Indian Army’s India’s Defence Research and Develop- 359 infantry battalions, and the acquisition ment Organisation was meant to develop an of 262 missiles to arm the Rafael-Israel Aero- indigenous system, while bureaucratic hurdles space Industries (IAI) Barak 1 point defence prevented the United States from transferring systems, which are fitted on 12 Indian Navy technology to locally build the Raytheon- (IN) warships. Lockheed Martin FGM-148 Javelin. The DAC also delayed a decision on the Official sources told IHS Jane’s that the Spike procurement in April. Barak deferral was “temporary” as the DAC However, the DAC did approve acquisitions waited for the MoD to lift a ban imposed on worth INR70 billion (USD1.12 billion) for Rafael-IAI in 2006. The Israeli vendor was the Indian Army, including night sights for blacklisted for allegedly paying INR1.74 bil- 5.56 mm carbines, rockets, simulators, and lion in kickbacks to senior Indian officials to assorted munitions and vehicles. secure the Barak contract. The DAC approved the acquisition of 1,914 Senior MoD officials said the Central ATGM launchers, 37,860 missiles including Bureau of Investigation inquiry into these training rounds, and 107 simulators in early allegations had uncovered little evidence of 2009. The contract was to be fulfilled through any wrongdoing. Consequently, it is expected a combination of direct imports and local to file its closure report soon, clearing the manufacture under a transfer of technology. way for the MoD to acquire the Barak 1 mis- Spike was the only ATGM to undergo user siles to replenish dwindling stocks and for trials by the Indian Army in 2010-11, but fell fitment on newer IN platforms. India extends AgustaWestland

helicopter cancellation deadline

India’s Ministry of Defence (MoD) extend- months of refusing all interaction with ed the deadline for AgustaWestland to its representatives. respond to its ‘show cause’ notice by 15 The MoD suspended the AW101 deal days on 11 November before it moves to in February following the arrest of two cancel the EUR750 million (USD1 billion) executives from AgustaWestland and its contract for 12 AW101 helicopters. parent company, Finmeccanica. They were The MoD said the helicopter manufac- accused of paying EUR51 million in bribes turer will get no further extensions to to senior Indian officials to secure the respond to allegations that it broke the AW101 deal: a charge that is still under mandatory Integrity Pact by employing inquiry by an Italian court and India’s Cen- proscribed middlemen to secure the 2010 tral Bureau of Investigation.Roper AW101 deal. AgustaWestland has denied the allegations. It has also agreed to meet AgustaWestland Rahul Bedi executives on 20 November after several JDW Correspondent, New Delhi

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 19

016-019_JDW131120.indd 19 15/11/2013 15:30:16 MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes Iran rolls out medium-range SAM

JEREMY BINNIE JDW Middle East/Africa Editor LONDON

Iran has continued to increase the confusion surrounding its Iran has unveiled a new air defence programmes by surface-to-air missile based announcing that another medi- on the SM-1 um-range surface-to-air mis- This is the third medium- sile (SAM) called the Sayyad-2 range system that Iran has has gone into production. unveiled in recent years 1168840 MoD: Iran The Sayyad-2 was first men- tioned in April 2011, when the protocol of the S-200 system and Iranian media reported that it using Sayyad-2 missiles,” he told At least seven Sayyad-2 missiles and a truck-mounted launcher with four had been tested and indicated it journalists in October. canisters were displayed on 9 November. was an upgrade of the Sayyad, When the Sayyad-2 was which is the Iranian version of unveiled for the first time in a 9 used with the Talash system. guidance system that steers it to the HQ-2 (the Chinese version of November ceremony, it became “The Talash defence system its target more efficiently. the Russian S-75). clear that it uses the airframe was designed and built to detect This would ostensibly make In August 2013 Brigadier of the RIM-66 (SM-1) naval and intercept targets for the the Talash/Sayyad-2 a rival to the General Farzad Esmaili, the com- SAM that Iran acquired from the Sayyad-2 missile,” he was quoted Ra’ad, which was displayed during mander of the Iranian air defence United States in the 1970s. as saying. “Now that it has had a military parade in September force, announced that Sayyad-2 Unlike the naval version, the successful tests, God willing, its 2012 and looks similar to the missiles had been used with Sayyad-2 is fired from individual production line will be launched Russian Buk medium-range air Iran’s S-200 system. canisters that are similar to those in the near future.” defence system. It was announced While this suggested the used by the US MIM-104 Patriot Iranian television also broad- at the time that the Ra’ad has a Sayyad-2 was a new long-range air defence system. cast footage of a Sayyad-2 being range of 50 km. SAM, Gen Esmaili indicated that Few details of the Sayyad-2’s fired from a launcher and appar- Iran has also unveiled what it was an additional rather than guidance system and range were ently successfully intercepting it claims is an indigenously replacement missile. “We could released, although Defence Min- a target. The original SM-1 has produced version of the MIM- enhance [the S-200’s] capabili- ister Hossein Dehghan described a range of 40 km, although the 23 HAWK system known as the ties to cover mid-altitude threats it as a high-altitude, medium- Sayyad-2 could potentially have a Mersad, which is claimed to have by changing the structure and range SAM and said it would be longer range if it had a mid-course a range of 40 km. UN Security Council approves AMISOM expansion

The UN Security Council has strength from 17,731 to 22,126 to expand its logistical support to work with the African Union approved increasing the Afri- uniformed personnel. This is being package to cover the extra troops (AU) to improve the “strategic can Union Mission in Somalia presented as a surge that will last and noted the “critical need” for management of AMISOM by (AMISOM) by 4,395 uniformed 18-24 months and will be part of sourcing 12 military helicopters strengthening command and con- personnel with the aim of the mission’s “exit strategy”. from existing AMISOM contribu- trol structures, the co-ordination reinvigorating its military op- At least some of the additional tors or other states. of contingents, joint operations erations against the militant personnel will come from Ethio- It also instructed the UN with the SNA, and information group Harakat al-Shabaab pia, which has maintained a size- Peacebuilding Support Office to management” by 1 January 2014. al-Mujahideen. able military contingent in Soma- provide food, water, fuel, trans- These improvements would be This ﬁgure is signiﬁcantly lia for years. “Ethiopian troops will port, tents, and medical evacua- aimed at enabling AMISOM to less than the 6,235 uniformed join Kenyan and Ugandan troops tion to frontline Somali National launch an “effective resumption personnel that the African Union to makeAMISOM’s peacekeeping Army (SNA) units engaged in of the military campaign against Peace and Security Council operation more secure,” Ethiopian joint operations with AMISOM. al-Shabaab, which would rapidly recommended in a report dated Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokes-RoperThe Security Council high- reduce its capacity to control key 10 October. person Ambassador Dina Mufti lighted some of AMISOM’s strategic locations”. The 12 November decision told The Sudan Tribune. weaknesses when it called on Jeremy Binnie JDW Middle will take AMISOM’s authorised The Security Council agreed Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon East/Africa Editor, London

20 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

020-021_JDW_131120.indd 20 15/11/2013 12:51:44 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA

Block II Apache Longbow attack Egypt considers Russia helicopters, and RGM-84L/3 Rooivalk makes Harpoon Block II anti-ship missiles were suspended as part of combat debut for arms supplies cuts to aid following the military coup that led to the ousting of South African Air Force (SAAF) CHARLES FORRESTER Jane’s Defence Industry Analyst Islamist President Mohamed Rooivalk attack helicopters have LONDON Morsi and the ensuing military been credited with carrying crackdown on his supporters. out successful strikes against Egypt’s foreign minister, Nabil nesses to take part in them”. Similarly, European Union the M23 rebel group in the east Fahmy, confirmed to Russian Russian defence export agency member states agreed to of the Democratic Republic of television on 12 November Rosoboronexport indicated on suspended export licences for Congo (DRC). that the country is consider- 8 November that it would sell “equipment that can be used Three Rooivalks have been ing purchasing arms and weapons and equipment to for internal repression” on 21 deployed to Goma to support equipment from Russia. Egypt, but that the Egyptian gov- August. The UK has since re- the United Nations Organisation The news came as Russian For- ernment would be responsible evaluated the 47 export licences Stabilisation Mission in the DRC eign Minister Sergei Lavrov and for financing any procurement. operated by UK companies, (MONUSCO). They carried out the Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu Egypt has been under a partial lifting the suspension on 24 and type’s first ever combat missions arrived in the country for a two- military embargo by the United revoking 7 on 25 October. on 4 November when they flew five day trip on 13 November. States since early October. Recent defence trade between sorties in support of an offensive by Fahmy added that Egypt was Deliveries of M1A1 Abrams Russia and Egypt has experienced the DRC Armed Forces (FARDC). The working on “a number of ambi- main battle tank kits for co- difficulties, with Cairo cancelling rebels surrendered the following day. tious projects and programmes” production, Lockheed Martin a USD20 million contract with MONUSCO sources suggest the and would “call upon the Russian F-16C/D Block 50/52 Fighting NTK Ametex for artillery shells Rooivalks were extremely effective, government and Russian busi- Falcon aircraft, Boeing AH-64D following repeated delays. firing 70 mm rockets with great accuracy at M23 defensive positions. At least one 14.5 mm anti-aircraft COMMENT While the restrictions currently procurement of Russian equipment, as gun was destroyed in the process in place allow for the continuation of much of Egypt’s military equipment has and the strikes may have been a The confirmation that Egypt could activities such as training, education, been funded through the US Foreign major factor in causing the rebels to be considering the procurement of and counter-terrorism support, the Military Financing programme. vacate that position. arms and equipment from Russia wider withholding of equipment is a Since 2005, the US government The Rooivalks have more modern may be a bargaining tactic being tangible sticking point between the two has waived funds of an average avionics than the Mi-25 attack used by the Egyptian side to have countries over Egypt’s internal affairs. of USD1.3 billion per year for the helicopters previously employed the export restrictions imposed by Rosoboronexport’s request for Egypt Egyptian government to spend on US by MONUSCO and some reports the United States lifted. to fund any purchases may hinder major military equipment. suggest this capability enabled them to approach their targets through cloud, then descend to immediately engage the rebels. South Africa has also deployed Tanzania swaps old J-7s for new ones Oryx helicopters to support MONUSCO’s Force Intervention The Tanzanian People’s Def- from the J-7s supplied to Namibia Tanzania has also acquired a Brigade, which is mandated to carry ence Force (TPDF) Air Wing and Nigeria in 2009 and 2010 number of Type 59G tanks and out offensive operations against has quietly replaced its 12 old respectively in having a new Chi- WZ551 6x6 armoured person- Congolese militias. CAC J-7 fighters with 14 new nese fire-control system that uses nel carriers (APCs) from China, Helmoed-Römer Heitman J-7s, a usually reliable source the KLJ-6E Falcon radar, whereas as well Igla-1 man-portable air JDW Correspondent, Pretoria has told IHS Jane’s. the Namibian and Nigerian aircraft defence systems (MANPADS) The TPDF now has 12 single- have a Selex Galileo Grifo 7 radar. from Russia. The new equipment seat J-7G (Tanzanian designation An X-band pulse-Doppler radar was displayed for the first time F-7TN) and two dual-seat J-7N with a planar-array antenna, the during the country’s indepen- (designated FT-7TN) aircraft. Falcon is thought to have been dence day parade in December They were apparently ordered in developed from the Grifo. The 2011. Other acquisitions include 2009, with the deliveries com- primary weapon of the J-7G is six HAIC K-8 jet trainers/light pleted in 2011. The fighters are the Chinese PL-7A short-range Roperattack aircraft and two HAIC Y-12 now fully operational at to Dar es infrared air-to-air missile, but it light transports from China. A Rooivalk helicopter deployed at Salaam and Mwanza air bases. is not known what weapons have Helmoed-Römer Heitman Goma airport. SANDF:1525706 The Tanzanian fighters differ been supplied to Tanzania. JDW Correspondent, Pretoria

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 21

020-021_JDW_131120.indd 21 15/11/2013 12:51:46 BUSINESS For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes

China to Lockheed Martin to lay off strengthen civil-military thousands more by 2015 industry links MARINA MALENIC Jane’s Industry Reporter Mission Systems and Training China has pledged to deepen WASHINGTON, DC (MST), and Space Systems units reforms intended to modernise will be eliminated by 2014. the country’s defence industrial Lockheed Martin is to close On 17 October Lockheed Lockheed Martin has base and further develop the and consolidate several US Martin announced 200 layoff s in announced it will cut 4,000 People’s Liberation Army (PLA). facilities and reduce its work- jobs by 2015 the MST division that are part of a A declaration issued on 12 force by 4,000 personnel. nationwide cutback of nearly 600 Since 2008 the company has November at the conclusion of the Lockheed Martin CEO Maril- personnel announced separately. removed 1.5 million sq ft of third plenary session of the Com- lyn Hewson blamed “government As part of the latest con- facility space and cut its staff munist Party of China’s 18th Central budget cuts and an increasingly from 146,000 to 116,000 solidation effort, all ongoing pro- Committee reiterated its commit- complex global security land- gramme work and some employ- ment to PLA modernisation through scape” for the action. ees are expected to transition to innovation and the strengthening of a Since 2008 Lockheed Martin plans to close its sites in New- other Lockheed Martin facilities. range of military systems. has removed 1.5 million sq ft of town, Pennsylvania; Akron, Ohio; For example, Space Systems and This modernisation will be facility space and reduced its work- Goodyear, Arizona; and Horizon IS&GS will transition work to achieved, it said, partly through the force from 146,000 employees City, Texas. It will also close four Denver, Colorado, and Valley promotion of deeper civil-military to 116,000. The facility closures buildings on its Sunnyvale, Cali- Forge, Pennsylvania. integration, which encourages China’s announced on 14 November will fornia, campus. The company is reviewing defence industrial base to source from further reduce the company’s The facility closures alone will potential sites to transition the the commercial sector technologies operational footprint by nearly result in the elimination of 2,000 MST work, including its facilities and competencies that can be applied 2.5 million sq ft of facility space, jobs. Another 2,000 positions in in Owego, New York, and Orlando, in military programmes. according to a company statement. the company’s Information Sys- Florida, and expects to fi nalise It pledged to promote “depth” in By mid-2015 the company tems & Global Solutions (IS&GS), plans in early 2014. civil-military integration as well as reforms designed to encourage inno- Lockheed Martin: key fi gures (USD millions) vation in defence and the develop- 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 ment of military strategies, policies, Revenue 47,182 46,499 45,803 45,189 42,731 and systems. Jon Grevatt Jane’s Asia-Pacifi c Net profit2,745 2,655 2,926 3,024 3,217 Industry Analyst, Bangkok Orderbook backlog 82,300 80,700 78,400 77,300 80,200

Source: IHS Jane’s US may improve Turkish air-defence system bid

The United States is consider- missile defence system manufac- offered by the China Precision IHS Jane’s understands that coming improving its offer to Turkey turers Raytheon and Lockheed Machinery Import and Export peting bids topped USD4 billion. for an air defence system pro- Martin are working on ways to Corp (CPMIEC) over the US Another factor behind the gramme after Ankara indicated improve the US offer. “Internal Lockheed Martin/Raytheon selection of the Chinese solution it could still walk away from a discussions about changes to the Patriot system and the SAMP/T was, according to local industry USD3.4 billion deal with China, [Patriot] offer are still undery, wa ” system offered by Franco-Italian sources, China’s offer of co- sources familiar with the issue a source familiar with the talks consortium Eurosam. production of the missiles and a conﬁrmed on 14 November. told IHS Jane’s on 14 November. Murad Bayar, head of Turkey’s high level of technological input Turkish Prime Minister Tayyip Among other potential changes Defence Industries Undersecre- for the Turkish defence industry. Erdogan said last week that he to Washington’s existing offer, tariat, announced on 3 October CPMIEC is also understood to was open to fresh offers if an the US companies are reviewing that the deal could be ﬁ nalised have offered to invest in a large- agreement to build an air- and offset and co-production ele- Roperwithin six months and cited price scale technology park near Istan- missile-defence system with ments of their bid, the source said. as a deciding factor. Bayar said Bei- bul’s Sabiha Gökcen airport. China falls through. On 26 September Turkey jing had placed the lowest bid of Marina Malenic Jane’s In the meantime, Patriot selected the FD-2000 system USD3.44 billion for 12 systems. Industry Reporter, Washington, DC

22 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

022-023_JDW_131120.indd 22 15/11/2013 15:56:25 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes BUSINESS

Mitsubishi in talks with Turkish In brief fi rm to set up MBT engine JV Belarus, Turkmenistan plan UAVs Belarus is planning to begin production of unmanned aerial vehicles KOSUKE TAKAHASHI JDW Correspondent, (JV) between Mitsubishi Heavy (UAVs) in Turkmenistan, Belarusian TOKYO Industries (MHI), which devel- President Alexander Lukashenko oped and manufactures the has announced. Production may Japan and Turkey are consid- defence industrial collaboration powerpack for the Japan Ground involve the Belarus 558 Aircraft ering co-developing engines with a country other than the Self-Defense Force’s Type 10 Plant GRIF-1 tactical UAV. for main battle tanks (MBTs) United States or the UK. MBT, and a Turkish company that to be used by the Turkish “It is true that there have been officials in Ankara told IHS Jane’s BAE Systems cuts more jobs Army, Japanese Defence various discussions on technical was TUSAS Engine Industries. BAE Systems Australia has made Minister Itsunori Onodera co-operation brought by the Turk- The Nikkei newspaper said a more workers redundant from its has confirmed. ish way,” Onodera said. “[Joint Turkish committee that oversees shipbuilding facility in Williamstown, The project represents another development of MBT engines] is defence equipment procurement Melbourne. Thirty welding and example of the Japanese govern- one issue that is being discussed is expected to officially approve boilermaking jobs were axed due to a ment’s push to promote joint within the relationship between the project in mid-2014. lack of incoming work. The company weapon development with other Japan and Turkey. But we have not Additional reporting by also indicated that further job cuts countries under a 2011 relaxation decided the ... details yet.” Lale Sariibrahimoglu could be expected if additional of Japan’s so-called ‘three prin- Japanese media have reported JDW Correspondent, Ankara, & contracts are not secured. The move ciples’ on arms exports. If agreed, the project being considered James Hardy JDW Asia-Pacific came as BAE Systems cut 1,800 UK it would be the fi rst example of would involve a joint venture Editor, London shipbuilding jobs.

RUAG buys GAVAP ANALYSIS jointly developed with foreign defence equipment and is in talks with Switzerland’s RUAG has acquired countries and help improve France and Australia. French simulation and training Japan’s ban on arms exports have national security or contribute The potential JV also makes sense systems specialist GAVAP. In 2005 kept its companies from partici- to peace or international for Turkey, which has a clear require- RUAG and GAVAP won a USD21.6 pating in international weapons co-operation. ment for indigenous MBT powerplant million contract to provide the French development projects. However, Under this relaxation, joint develop- production. Its Otokar Altay MBT, Army with a new infantry weapon in 2011 the then Democratic Party ment with nations other than the which was developed with assistance simulator system. The deal is part of Japan government relaxed the United States became possible. Japan from South Korea’s Hyundai Rotem, of RUAG’s strategy to grow in the ‘three principles’ and exempted has already reached agreements with is currently fi tted with the Euro Power simulation and training sectors. exports of weapons that are the UK for the joint development of Pack supplied by MTU of Germany. GAH fi les for Chapter 11 Global Aviation Holdings (GAH) has fi led for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection following a collapse in Seoul identifies manufacturing failures demand for contractor-supplied military fl ights from the US Air Mobil- South Korea’s Defense ogy and Quality (DTaQ). future play a greater role in verify- ity Command (AMC). The company is Acquisition Program Admin- DAPA said the inspection ing quality assurance certificates one of the Department of Defense’s istration (DAPA) has said that covered more than 130,000 submitted by defence contractors. (DoD’s) largest suppliers of charter 34 local defence companies parts and components manu- The development is the latest air services. face prosecution and a ban factured and supplied by Korean indication from South Korea from bidding for future ten- defence contractors over the past of the country’s increasing Bluedrop to buy Atlantis Systems ders after allegedly falsifying three years. It added that the emphasis on transparency in Canadian training and simulation documents related to compo- inspection had uncovered the defence procurement and related fi rm Bluedrop Performance Learn- nent certification. use of “false written reports” or mechanisms. This drive can be ing is to acquire Atlantis Systems DAPA said the companies, “certificates” intended to support linked to efforts to improve the for CAD1 million (USD943,000). which were not identified, were quality assurance. effectiveness of military and Atlantis Systems has developed highlighted in an inspection Companies found guilty of defence systems within the a range of simulation and training of military equipment parts falsifying the documents will faceRopercountry following North Korean systems covering aircraft such as and components carried out by legal prosecution and exclusion attacks in 2010. the Lockheed Martin C-130J and DAPA’s quality assurance body, from bidding processes, said Jon Grevatt Jane’s Asia- AgustaWestland AW101. the Defense Agency for Technol- DAPA, adding that DTaQ will in Pacific Industry Analyst, Bangkok

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 23

022-023_JDW_131120.indd 23 15/11/2013 15:49:52 BRIEFINGBRIEFING

Finding groundcommon

The Distributed Common Ground System used by US military services for obtaining, analysing and disseminating intelligence information has been at the centre of controversy over cost, training and ease of use. Geoff Fein examines how the services are using this unique capability and what the future holds for DCGS development

ne of the key lessons arising from the ligence data down to the tactical level and to operates AF-DCGS from ﬁ xed locations, Col 11 September 2001 attacks on the enable collaboration among analysts. Wells said. OUnited States was the need to move “That is the real power of the vision of “So I might build a different tema rial away from stovepiped intelligence gather- DCGS. If you have intelligence stovepipes, solution than the air force, but the commonal- ing – where individual intelligence services someone is going to miss something and you ity in DCGS is that we have the same blueprint collected their own data and information won’t have the powerful analysis that you and we have the same architecture, so that sharing was rare – towards a policy of making need,” US Army Colonel Charles Wells, when I build a piece of DCGS-A it can talk to data easily available to commanders, analysts, DCGS-Army (DCGS-A) programme manager, the air force seamlessly and army analysts can and forces. told IHS Jane’s. share products with air force analysts and they From that requirement grew the Distrib- “That is why DCGS was created: so that each can collaborate.” uted Common Ground System (DCGS) Enter- service could build a material solution to meet One issue for DCGS has been how to mea- prise: a family of systems spread across the their need.” sure the ability to share and collaborate on US Department of Defense (DoD). Although The requirementsRoper of the army and the US intelligence data. A June 2013 US Government each of the US services might build a different Marine Corps (USMC) go all the way down to Accountability Office (GAO) study found a DCGS system, the end result would be the the tactical level, including intelligence on lack of metrics to measure data sharing across same: the ability to seamlessly share intel- the move, whereas the US Air Force (USAF) the DCGS Enterprise, making it difficult to

24 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

024-028_JDW131120.indd 24 15/11/2013 12:51:58 BRIEFING

The Distributed Common Ground System

Left: Members of the USAF’s 497th Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Group view with the Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) other piece [is that], because it is such a large

video feeds from unmanned aircraft. USAF: 1521105 Integration, Support Test and Training Detach- system, there is a lot to learn. You can’t expect ment and has been involved in the operational the brand new E-3 [private fi rst class] that testing of Hunt. He said the army has had very comes right off the street to be as competent assess its progress, make informed investment good results with the software. as an E-7 [sergeant fi rst class] or E-8 [master decisions, and co-ordinate DCGS programmes. “[We’re] very happy with what we’ve seen, sergeant] that has been operating for 10 to In its response, the DoD said it is developing especially with the user interface changes that 15 years.” and implementing a framework with clearly were made. It makes things a lot easier to use For the USAF there is a significant train- defined criteria and metrics to assess progress and understand. You can give it to an analyst ing burden, Colonel Michael Shields, chief of and outcomes pertaining to the level and and they can pick it up, understand what it is the capabilities division at the Air Force ISR quality of information sharing, noting that they are looking at and be able to use it within Agency, told IHS Jane’s. the military currently has an annual metrics a couple of hours with minimal training,” “It takes a high level of skill to operate the collection and reporting cycle that will he said. systems effectively and to maintain [them] at show enterprise information progress for the Training has been an issue with DCGS, with a near-perfect rate of availability so that they intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance much of the criticism surrounding the system are war-ready – war-engaged at all times,” he (ISR) community. focusing on the time it takes to learn how to said. “A lot of the challenge for us has been The army was also challenged with stan- use it. It is a point the army is well aware of volume. The demand for ISR and the fi ghts dardising DCGS across the service. Col Wells as it tries to make DCGS-A not only easier to we’ve been in, we’ve had to move a tremen- noted that for the 10 years that US forces use but easier to train on, Col Wells said. He dous amount of airmen through the training have been deployed to Afghanistan, a division likened it to using a smartphone: while the pipeline to try to keep up with demand.” might have two or three versions of DCGS-A device does a lot of amazing things, it doesn’t Of the four services, the army and air force depending on when they were deployed. That take an eight-week-long training course to have made the most progress in developing lack of continuity has led the army to push for learn how to use it. “DCGS-A is a very power- and fi elding their respective DCGS systems. standardisation of DCGS-A, he said. ful system, but one thing we learned is that we DCGS-A with the Griffin software capability “With the operational tempo slowing down want something as intuitive as possible,” the has been deployed in Afghanistan since 2010, a little bit for going to Afghanistan, I can say: colonel added. while in December 2012 the US Office of the ‘Let’s use this opportunity so that if you come Sgt Thatcher, who now trains soldiers on Secretary of Defense issued a full deployment to a brigade now you will have Hunt [the latest how to use DCGS-A, said a system as wide- decision for the baseline DCGS-A. DCGS-A software build] at every brigade and spread and complex as DCGS-A is going to DCGS is also part of the baseline for every division headquarters,” Col Wells said. “Hav- require a long-term training process. rotation going through the National Training ing more stability across the army, in software, “You can’t learn everything at once; it’s Center at Fort Irwin, California, and it is part would be an advantage, because when you go constantly evolving. Upgrades are happen- of the baseline for the US Army’s Network out as a division now you are all on the same ing in response to need, so you have to be Integration Evaluation (NIE) initiative. An software baseline.” constantly retraining the force to adapt to effort to move DCGS-A into a cloud architec- The Hunt software, which US Army units those needs and move forward,” he said. “The ture is currently undergoing an 18-month in Afghanistan are just starting to receive, is easier to use than the earlier Griffin software A soldier with the US Army’s intelligence community baseline, Col Wells noted. Griffin required demonstrates the DCGS-Army at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. operators to perform a number of steps to support a mission, whereas Hunt will help streamline the system to match the workflow. “So what used to take 10 to 14 clicks [of a mouse] is now three to four,” Col Wells explained. “It used to be you fi nish your intelligence preparation of the battlefield and you have to open two to three more apps to get to step two. We have combined that now into one [all-in-one] app. You don’t have three or four screens open to do your job, you have one screen.” So far, three army brigades are using Hunt. “We received an early copy of the new software release … a couple of months ago,” Roper SAm:1521109 Army: US said Sergeant Troy Thatcher, Tactical Ground- Intelligence System instructor. Sgt Thatcher was deployed to Afghanistan

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 25

024-028_JDW131120.indd 25 15/11/2013 12:52:06 Intelligence has changed. Have you?

Open-source information was critical [in Libya]. We took advantage of any information to make our “product as accurate as possible. – NATO ISTAR Analyst, IHS Jane’s Defence Weekly ”

The value of open-source intelligence is indisputable – but in an expanding and increasingly complex information universe, are you fully exploiting this critical resource?

IHS OSINT Training delivers tested methods and techniques that enable defence, security and business professionals to gather, process and report open-source intelligence securely and effectively, giving them the tools to deliver meaningful, actionable intelligence – on time, every time.

Join IHS experts at our next scheduled course to learn how you can increase the value of your OSINT:

OSINT Methods & The Middle East 10-12 December 2013 London, UK

Visit www.ihs.com/osint to register to attend, or contact us to ﬁnd out more about bespoke OSINT training for you or your organisation.

Roper

3715_1013AA

3715_1013AA_OSINT training ad update.indd 1 14/10/2013 14:28 BRIEFING

development phase that will culminate in a fi eld evaluation at NIE in early 2016. DCGS was deployed during the joint US- South Korean ‘Ulchi-Freedom Guardian’ military exercise conducted from 19 to 30 August 2013. The event is dubbed the world’s largest computerised command-and-control (C2) implementation, mainly focusing on defend- ing South Korea from a North Korean attack. Meanwhile, the Third Marine Expedition- ary Force in Okinawa, Japan, is wrapping up a year-long fi eld use evaluation trial of DCGS-A, Col Wells said. “They [had] the latest DCGS-A with the Hunt hardware and software. What is signifi- 1521106 Army: US cant, in a recent exercise, is that for the fi rst US Army Colonel Charles Wells, DCGS-A programme manager, assesses the tactical glasses being time they were able to share intelligence with demonstrated at ‘Enterprise Challenge 13’, held at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, on 24 July. army analysts sitting in Hawaii and one of our theatre intelligence brigades,” he said. items, hardware, and software components. opmental DCGS-MC server platform once it “That is the kind of model we want to be in; It includes both server and client systems and achieves IOC. there is tremendous power in that,” he added. integrates previously fi elded GEOINT compo- “These software components expand the In contrast to the other three services, the nents with a developmental server compo- focus of DCGS-MC beyond GEOINT, incor- USMC’s DCGS-MC programme remains in nent, the spokesperson said. porating other intelligence disciplines and development and has yet to achieve initial “The legacy GEOINT programmes are functions within the intelligence cycle,” the operating capability (IOC), according to a currently used by the USMC’s imagery and spokesperson said. USMC spokesperson. geospatial analysts. While these marines are Meanwhile, the US Navy’s (USN’s) DCGS-N “The programme entered the engineering the primary intended users of the initial incre- Increment 1 has been fi elded to 22 of 34 loca- and manufacturing development phase in ment of DCGS-MC, the initial system will also tions and is expected to reach FOC by the end [autumn] 2011 and expects to achieve IOC/ provide access to GEOINT and other intel- of 2014, said Steven Davis, a spokesman for FOC [full operating capability] in [autumn] ligence information to users external to the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. 2014,” the spokesperson said. USMC GEOINT community, both within the DCGS-N fi elds to aircraft carriers, amphibi- The USMC has pursued an incremental marine corps and to the other services,” the ous assault ships, fl eet command ships, approach to the acquisition of its DCGS pro- spokesperson added. Maritime Operations Centers and selected gramme, integrating existing programmes of The DCGS-MC programme is pursuing a shore sites. record into DCGS-MC and leveraging invest- number of efforts in both software develop- Increment 1 consists of Global Command ments made by the other services. ment and software integration, the intent and Control System-Joint Integrated Imagery DCGS-MC is an IT system comprised of which is to produce server-hosted applica- and Intelligence (GCCS-I3) for intelligence primarily of commercial off-the-shelf and tions that can be transitioned to the devel- analysis and processing tools and capabili- government off-the-shelf non-developmentaln-developmental ties; Generic Area Limitation Environment for signal intelligence analysis; Common Geopositioning Services for imagery processing and exploitation, as well as aim-point mensuration in support of precision-guided and co-ordinate-seeking weapons; Implemen- tation of the DCGS Integration Backbone for sharing intelligence within the DCGS family of systems; and exchange of ISR and Targeting (ISR&T) and C2 track information with the fi elded GCCS family of systems, Davis said. DCGS-N Increment 2 will build upon the capabilities provided by DCGS-N Increment 1 and Maritime Domain Awareness Spiral 1, converging afloat and ashore ISR into an integrated information dominance enter- Roper prise. Increment 2 will be a software-centric A laptop is used to demonstrate DCGS-A’s ability to share full-motion video collected by air force programme that will support evolving fl eet assets directly to the army’s DCGS-A Tactical Ground Station during ‘Enterprise Challenge 13’, held needs through early and frequent delivery at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, on 24 July.

US Army: 1521107 of capabilities.

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 27

024-028_JDW131120.indd 27 15/11/2013 12:52:09 BRIEFING

Increment 2 will leverage the navy’s Consolidated Aﬂoat Networks and Enterprise Services, DoD and Intelligence Community hardware and software infrastructures, including the widget construct and emerging cloud architecture, as well as the Defense Intel- ligence Information Enterprise framework to ensure the navy’s joint C4ISR interoperability.

A weapon system One of the beneﬁts of DCGS is the ability for the air force to move data to network its sensors to analysts and to bring that data back, Col Shields said. “We use the term ‘reach-back’ – it’s one of the biggest things we can provide.

“It allows you to have both the people and 1521104 USAF: technical capabilities that are very difficult to Rows of monitors illuminate the DCGS-1 at Langley AFB, Virginia. DCGS-1 provides near-real-time, high-confidence tactical intelligence to joint force and component commanders. deploy to a forward location. It lets you leverage the data pipe, the systems architecture and a capacity of analysts that you can have at ligence suddenly looks overwhelming. the opportunity to review and potentially a stateside robust location and it gives you a “The capability we have to collect and award to them. I don’t have that opportunity lot more agility and allows us to provide better ingest data is huge now. We have rapidly seen today,” he said. products. And it does that with the added ben- a period where collecting what we want is the “My real focus is to the lead command – the efit of reducing your forward footprint [which biggest hurdle to get over to a point where ISR Agency: what is it that you need to have in is key],” he said. “The cost of sending person- having enough analysts to assess that data 2020 or 2025 and we will put together the set nel forward is tremendous.” has become the challenge,” Col Shields said. of programmes and projects to execute to get Reach-back means personnel at any of the “Managing that data effectively is something you there. I think we are making good strides five AF-DCGS locations worldwide are the eyes we are very focused on, both in terms of just on that,” Col Kennedy added. and ears of the people forward, a USAF official efficiently transmittingd an storing that data For its DCGS future, the army is looking with the 497th ISR Group DCGS-1 at Langley and having it accessible.” to the cloud to make it easier for analysts to Air Force Base (AFB), Virginia, told IHS Jane’s. handle massive amounts of data. The cloud “We’re looking out for them, looking over The future of DCGS is currently an initiative and a pilot, Col Wells their shoulder, and we’re listening for them. The USAF has completed a draft AF-DCGS said. “It is not something robust, mature and We do that by people in reach-back here and roadmap that will carry the service through to ready to be fielded across the entire army people forward.” the end of the decade, Colonel Fred Kennedy, right now.” The air force also views DCGS as more than Chief, C2ISR Division, Battle Management There had been reports that the army was an intelligence capability. “We are a weapon Directorate, Air Force Life Cycle Management going to rework its cloud effort, but Col Wells system,” said a USAF official with the 480th Center, Robins AFB, Georgia, told IHS Jane’s. said that was incorrect and that there is no ISR Wing at Langley AFB. “We produce ISR “It’s not something we can just pop into rework effort on cloud. “We did a pilot project from the U-2, RQ-4 Global Hawk, MQ-9 place overnight; I wish it were,” Col Kennedy under DCGS-A. We deployed it with initial Reaper, MQ-1 Predator and MC-12 Project said. “There are many things about the users in the army. We are using it to inform Liberty. We also rely on national imagery present system, historical legacies … that Release 3 of DCGS-A,” he said. “Release 3 is and [signals intelligence]. We combine these make it very hard to modify and upgrade. when we are actually going to formalise the sources along with others we have access to DCGS is extremely closed. It is very difficult cloud as a programme of record.” into a multi-source picture to answer ques- for me to introduce new capability into the Release 3 began on 1 October and will run tions being asked of us,” the official said. system that doesn’t come through the current for the next 18 months, culminating in an “One of the great benefits of AF-DCGS is the stable of contractors.” operational test planned for NIE 16.1 in the ability to take in a number of platform sensors Col Kennedy wants to develop a better gov- first quarter of 2016. and data sources and be able to do that mul- ernance methodology for AF DCGS so that he “Part of the formalising in Release 3 is that we tiple intelligence look at it,” the official added. can adequately determine what goes into the want to leverage these other cloud efforts that Making it even more challenging is the fact system and what does not. That includes devel- have been going on in the Intelligence Commu- that AF-DCGS operators must provide answers oping standards so that he can get companies nity Information Technology Enterprise [ICITE],” in near real time – between zero and 24 hours, that come in with new sensors to adhere to Col Wells said. “We’re actually looking at ICITE the official noted. Add to that the increasing those standards. capabilities and scoping those into what we are number of sensors collecting data and the “If I can introduceRopercompetition I can get going to deliver in Release 3 of DCGS-A, which increasing number of platforms equipped with smart smaller players, more agile players to will be based on the cloud technology.” more sophisticated sensors and the task of come in and give me better ideas that may or Geoff Fein is the Jane’s C4ISR Senior collecting, analysing and disseminating intel- may not be the right ideas, but at least I have Reporter, based in Washington, DC

28 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

024-028_JDW131120.indd 28 15/11/2013 12:52:11 Countertrade and Offset Academy

Advanced Management Program AREVA, Oelker Jan © Understand, Negotiate and Excel in the World of Offsets A 12-day program in Paris over 2 months

~ 4gP\X]T cWT a^[T Û VêTa]\T]cb SX_[^\PRh P]S \d[cX P]S QX [PcTaP[ PVaTT\T]cb X] X]cTa]PcX^]P[ caPST P]S ÛUbTcb Pb eTWXR[Tb Uâ caP]bUTab Û cTRW]^[^Vh ~ ATeXTf cWT WXbcâXRP[ QPRZVa^d]S Û ÛUbTcb P]S cWTXa dbT c^ aTSdRT TR^]^\XRP[ â b^RXP[ bWâcR^\X]Vb ~ ;^^Z Pc ZTh X]SdbcaXTb X\_PRcTS Qh ÛUbTcb 3TUT]bT 4]TaVh CaP]b_âcPcX^] 8]UaPbcadRcdaT ~ ;TPa] c^ QdX[S ÛUbTc R^]caPRcb P]S R[PdbTb Uâ SXUUTaT]c ch_Tb Û ÛUbTcb SXaTRc bT\XSXaTRc P]S X]SXaTRc ~ 3T ]T ^_cX\P[ X]cTa]P[ bcadRcdaT c^ \P]PVT ÛUbTcb P]S T\_[^h TUUTRcXeT ^Q[XVâ \PaZTcX]V bcaPcTVXTb

Program Structure: Admissions requirements: Cf^ bTbbX^]b Û % SPhb TPRW ~ 3T\^]bcaPcT cWT _^cT]cXP[ Uâ Thales, Eric Raz © ~ BTbbX^] ) 5TQadPah "' ! # _TaUâ\P]RT P]S Va^fcW X] VT]TaP[ \P]PVT\T]c _^bXcX^]b ~ BTbbX^] !)

For more information contact: 0[T]P IPSPZ^eP C "" #% (! #( '& iPSPZ^eP/TbbTRTSd

European Club for Countertrade & Offset www.executive-education.essec.fr [email protected]

Untitled-2 1 08/11/2013 12:54 BRIEFING

Training solutions Looking for

In the face of continuing budget cuts, the United Kingdom’s military rotorcraft community is looking to advance the quality of its training solutions while making the required efﬁciencies. Andrew Drwiega reports

he United Kingdom faces a training a little more than a year’s time, the Fleet Air directly into the Wildcat training system. challenge for its military helicopter Arm began conversion training for the first of The Wildcat undertook its first sea trials T type’s pilots and observers in mid-2013. force. While the cuts in defence spend- the in November 2011 on board the Royal Fleet ing are traditionally seen in terms of numbers The RN is currently scheduled to receive 28 Auxiliary (RFA) ship Argus, with further trials of ships, tanks, troops, and aircraft whittled Wildcats, with the Army Air Corps (AAC) being conducted on board the RN’s Type 23 down, the knock-on effect often makes an receiving 34. frigate HMS Iron Duke (early 2012) and RFA impact deeper into the structure of every ser- The training is being conducted by Naval Mounts Bay (early 2013). vice branch. As an example, demands for cost Air Squadron (NAS) 700W at the new Wildcat The most recent sea trials – conducted over reduction are frequently translated into drives Training Centre at Royal Navy Air Station five weeks around the Western Approaches to produce more cost-effective training. While (RNAS) Yeovilton, Somerset. Five pilots, six and the Irish Sea and concluding on 7 Novem- every aspect of training can benefit from new observers, and 44 ground crew and techni- ber – were also carried out on board RFA Argus. developments, particularly in software and cians have been developing the flying and For these trials a Wildcat platform was fitted hardware, these are not always the panacea tactical techniques and procedures that will with additional sensors and instrumentation they are often claimed to be. be taught to all new Wildcat personnel. from QinetiQ in order to understand the char- In aviation, cost-effective training is increas- According to AgustaWestland spokesman acteristics of operating from bigger ships, as ingly viewed by politicians and senior military Roberto Caparello, training of the new Wild- the Wildcat is likely to be called on to operate commanders in terms of a reduction in actual cat personnel is due to begin at the Yeovilton from all of the RN’s warships at some point. flight hours in favour of increasing reliance centre during the first quarter of 2014. Both Operating conditions in terms of winds across on simulators. However, there should be no RN and AAC Wildcat crews will be able to use the deck and the vessel’s motion needed to be confusion between mission rehearsal and pro- the centre for their conversion and mission understood in terms of the Wildcat’s own per- cedural training – both beneficial in their own training. At their disposal are two Indra full- formance characteristics, hence the presence right – and genuine flight training. Many pilots mission simulators (FMSs), along with flight of a 39-strong team comprising Rotary Wing maintain that flight training is invaluable training devices and cockpit procedures train- Test and Evaluation Squadron (RWT&ES), given that, however realistic a simulator is, the ers. There are also synthetic trainers covering 700W NAS, and AgustaWestland personnel pilot is always going to walk away with every- mechanical, avionics, and weapon systems who evaluated the aircraft’s performance. thing but his or her pride unscathed. Nothing, for maintainer instruction. Lieutenant Commander Rob Dowdell, pilots agree, replaces the reality of being in the Wildcats will begin to replace the old RWT&ES lead test pilot, said the trials were a cockpit and at the mercy of the elements. Lynx Mk 8 on Type 45 destroyers and Type team effort. Test pilots from AgustaWestland 23 frigates from theRoper beginning of 2015, at and the UK Ministry of Defence’s aircraft Introducing the Wildcat which point ab initio pilots completing their testing site at Boscombe Down conducted and With the Royal Navy’s (RN’s) new Agus- training with the Defence Helicopter Fly- assessed the flight trials, landings, and take- taWestland AW159 Wildcat due in service in ing School at RAF Shawbury will be moved offs, while “maintainers from 700W squadron

30 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

030-032_JDW_131120.indd 30 15/11/2013 15:16:53 BRIEFING

[were] spreading and folding the Wildcat and appropriate to evolving challenges and the simulator is being enhanced to the ‘glass acting as refuelling and lashing numbers, and reciprocal newly embedded capabilities of new cockpit’ Puma HC.2 standard in line with the Argus’ aircraft handlers and the ship bridge and aircraft. The installation of urgent operational upgrade of 24 of the RAF’s helicopters. CAE Flying Control team [provided] the required requirement equipment on aircraft, while spokesperson Chris Stellwag told IHS Jane’s deck conditions under the direction of civilian benefiting air crews in the theatre of opera- that Puma crews started using the enhanced experts from QinetiQ at Boscombe Down”. tions, often means such systems are absent simulator during the summer while CAE from the simulator when the crews return to continued to finalise the system ahead of Upgrades to MSHATF retrain. To remain effective and up to date, the its officialce ac ptance by the MoD. The RAF The Medium Support Helicopter Aircrew simulators must also be modernised to reflect has been receiving its upgraded Pumas from Training Facility (MSHATF) at RAF Benson in fleet capabilities and include some of the latest Eurocopter and needs its crews converted to South Oxfordshire, England, is the longstand- software updates that the original equipment the new type as soon as possible. ing mainstay of RAF simulator training in the manufacturer introduces over time. Another completed upgrade to one of the United Kingdom. With six CAE-designed FMSs For example, while the CAE Medallion RAF Benson Chinook simulators used by – three CH-47 Chinooks, two AW101 Merlins, synthetic system is used to prepare fast jet the RNLAF was announced in October. This and a Westland Puma – not only has it met the air crew for flying the Eurofighter Typhoon, simulator can now train Dutch crews for the high and constant training schedule demands the same level of complexity is also used by CH-47D and their newer CH-47F aircraft of RAF helicopter crews, but it has also been US special operations forces, in particular the (six of which have just been acquired from well utilised by allied military crews, including 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment Boeing to the US Army’s standard). In this those from the Australian Army Aviation and (SOAR), in its A/MH-6, MH-47, and MH-60 case the simulator upgrade meant concur- the Royal Netherlands Air Force (RNLAF), who combat mission simulators. rency with both the existing Avionics Control use the Chinook simulators; and the Royal The UK MoD recently awarded contracts and Management System Block 5 CH-47D Canadian Air Force, Royal Danish Air Force, to upgrade two simulators at MSHATF. The and the new Block 6 version for the CH-47F. and Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, all of first is a new Chinook simulator upgrade to Additional modifications included missile which have trained on the Merlin simulators. Mk 4 standard: the RAF’s new Julius cockpit warning sensors, radar warning receivers, the Through a 40-year private finance initiative, programme for its CH-47 fleet. The new chaff/flare dispense system, and the digital CAE has built the reputation of the centre and RAF Julius Chinook simulator includes the automatic flight control system. its well-established Thursday War exercises addition of forward-looking infrared, a new The upgrade was achieved over two years that enable network simulators to generate a moving map, and digitised instruments, as and will run until 2018, although CAE’s over- variety of mission scenarios that test crews in well as upgraded onboard and ground mission all agreement with the MoD will be reviewed a multi-asset environment. Modern simula- planning systems that will enhance air crew in 2017. Explaining the need for the upgrade, tors are complex creations, with millions of tactical training. Major Franklin Groenewold, programme lines of software code to make them ever more Under the second contract, the Puma manager, Expansion Chinook Fleet, Nether-

A Lynx Wildcat undergoing sea trials off

Roper

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 31

030-032_JDW_131120.indd 31 15/11/2013 15:16:54 BRIEFING

initio helicopter pilot training in the United Kingdom. Its fleet of analogue multi-engine Griffin HT.1 (military version of the Bell 412) and Squirrel HT.1 (Eurocopter AS 350) helicopters has been the mainstay of military rotorcraft training, but with more frontline helicopters now having digital instead of analogue flight controls, squadrons commonly complain about the time it takes to convert analogue-qualified pilots from Shawbury into their ‘glass cockpit’-equipped aircraft. While this was supposed to have been addressed by the rotorcraft portion of the UK Military Flight Training System (MFTS), it looked unlikely from the beginning when priority was given to completing fast jet training rather than parallel development paths.

A:1168836 CAE: The MFTS is being delivered by Ascent, a training organisation founded by Lockheed Martin and Babcock International, which was appointed by the MoD in 2008 to deliver The MSHATF at RAF Benson is equipped with six FMSs that can be linked to the facility’s tactical both fixed- and rotary-wing training for 25 control centre (pictured). years. However, deadlines have passed for the delivery of the rotary-wing section of the lands Ministry of Defence, said the simulators MFTS, originally expected in late 2011 or were not only appropriate for pilot conversion early 2012, with no solution currently being training (RNLAF crews also fly the Eurocop- fielded. This leaves the existing solution of

ter Cougar and Boeing Apache), but also for 1168835 AgustaWestland: FB Heliservices (now a fully owned Chobham the advanced mission training. “With the company since July 2013) continuing with comprehensive ground school and simulator the analogue-based training (although the training we get at the MSHATF, our crews are company does operate glass-cockpit-equipped well prepared and operationally ready for cur- AW109 and AW139 helicopters). rent and future missions,” he said. With the onset of the economic downturn, Indra designed and produced the air crew training Current speculation regarding the future simulation system for the naval and army versions the upgrade of rotorcraft training now seems of the United Kingdom’s WAH-64D Apache of the UK’s new Lynx Wildcat helicopter. The to have been stalled indefinitely, although attack helicopter force will depend on what package includes two FMSs, a flight training certain aspects of rear-crew training have at the perceived operational flexibility will be device, and a cockpit procedures trainer. least benefitted from synthetic technology for in the future, along with the level of the some time. system’s complexity to match that require- into any training simulator. The Vertalis rear-crew trainer, for example, ment. While the British Apache, like its more If the AAC is allowed to modernise its WAH- which uses a motion-tracked, head-mounted established US cousin, quickly asserted itself 64D Longbow fleet towards the US Army’s lat- display, gives students at RAF Shawbury and as the most sought-after support weapon for est AH-64E Guardian variant, then the simula- RAF Valley (home of the search-and-rescue ground troops operating in Afghanistan, the tors run by Aviation Training International Ltd force) a visualisation of their helicopters and MoD has been keen to highlight another role (ATIL) will have to be upgraded. ATIL, an equal surrounding environments. This is particu- that a relatively small force of Apaches played joint venture company between Boeing and larly helpful when training crew resource during Operation ‘Unified Protector’ against AgustaWestland, trains Apache aircrew at two management in terms of maneuvering and Colonel Ghadaffi’s forces in Libya from main UK centres at Wattisham in Suffolk and load lifting/management. 29 May to 24 August 2011. Middle Wallop in Hampshire. Boeing’s most A glimpse into the future of training can Based on the helicopter carrier HMS Ocean, recent Longbow Crew Trainer (LCT) can train now be seen in Vertalis’ GeoVisionary 2 four Apaches from 656 Squadron AAC flew air crews on either the currently prolific AH- software, developed by the British Geological 22 missions against a variety of checkpoints, 64D or the newly introduced AH-64E. Special Survey as specialist software for high-resolu- strongpoints, and other targets. Operating features of the LCT for US Army aviation tion visualisation of spatial data. attack helicopters from maritime platforms include manned-unmanned teaming tasks and Its ability to show real-time landscapes, as a littoral strike force is a concept that is more advanced instructor/operator stations. even at speeds of up to 600 mph, will be a also being considered by the US Army and the Roper massive improvement for both helicopter and Australian Defence Force, although ship- Ab Initio training still analogue fast jet simulation. borne operations come with their own set of The Defence Helicopter Flying School at Andrew Drwiega is a JDW Correspondent, unique challenges that would have to be built RAF Shawbury remains the base for ab based in London

32 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

030-032_JDW_131120.indd 32 15/11/2013 15:17:04 For further insight and analysis go to ihs.com/janes DIRECTORY

Customer Service Offices

Europe/Middle East/Africa/Asia Pacific Tel: (+44) 1344 328300 Fax: (+44) 1344 328005 email: [email protected]

North/Central/South America Tel: Customer care to 1-800-IHS-CARE or 1-800-447-2273 e-mail: [email protected]

Advertising offices List of advertisers AUSTRALIA: Richard West, see UK SCANDINAVIA: Ian Thompson, The Janet Berta, US Advertising Sales Boeing 4 BENELUX: Adam Smith, see UK Falsten Partnership, 23 Walsingham Road, Director: Tel +1 (703) 236 2410; Fax +1 BRAZIL: Drucie DeVries, see USA Hove, East Sussex, BN3 4FE; Tel: +44 (0) (703) 836 5537; Daimler Trucks 9 CANADA: Janet Murphy, see USA 1273 771020; Fax +44 (0) 1273 770070; email: [email protected] Huntington Ingalls email: [email protected] FRANCE: Carly Lichfield, see UK Central USA and Canada: Janet Murphy, www.huntingtoningalls.com/william 11 GERMANY, AUSTRIA, EASTERN SINGAPORE: Richard West, see UK Senior Account Manager, EUROPE (EXCLUDING POLAND): SOUTH AFRICA: Richard West, see UK Tel +1 (703) 236 3139; KMW www.kmweg.com 18 Dr. Uwe H Wehrstedt, MCW Media & SOUTH KOREA: Carly Litchfield, Fax: +1 (703) 836 5537; KMW www.kmweg.com 19 Consulting Wehrstedt, Hagenbreite 9, SPAIN:Carly Litchfield, see UK email: [email protected] L-3 Corporate www.l-3com.com OBC D-06463 ERMSLEBEN, GERMANY; Tel TURKEY: Richard West, see UK South and Southeastern USA: Drucie +49 34 743 62 090; Fax +49 34 743 62 UNITED KINGDOM: DeVries, Senior Account Manager: Meggitt www.meggittdefense.com IFC 091; email: [email protected] IHS Jane’s, Sentinel House, 163 Brighton Tel: +1 (703) 236 2446; Ruag www.ruag.com 12 GREECE: Carly Litchfield, see UK Road, Coulsdon, Surrey CR5 2YH, UK; Tel Fax: +1 (703) 836 5537; HONG KONG: Carly Litchfield, see UK +44 (0)20 3253 2289; Fax +44 (0)20 3253 email: [email protected] Singapore Technologies Engineering INDIA: Carly Litchfield, see UK 2103; email: [email protected] Northeastern USA: Janet Berta. www.stengg.com NUS 7 ISRAEL: Oreet International Media, 15 Janine Boxall, Global Advertising Sales US Advertising Sales Director, Ultralife www.ultralifecorporation.com 3 Kinneret Street, Bene Berak, 51201 Israel; Director: Tel +44 (0)20 3253 2295; Fax Tel +1 (703) 236 2410; Tel +972 (3) 570 6527; Fax +972 (3) 570 See UK; email: [email protected] Fax +1 (703) 836 5537; 6526; email: [email protected]. Richard West, Senior Key Accounts Western USA: Richard L Ayer, 127 Defence contact: Liat Heiblum; email: Manager: Tel +44 (0) 20 3253 2292; Fax Avenida del Mar, Suite 2A, San Clemente, [email protected] See UK; email: [email protected]. California 92672, USA; ITALY AND SWITZERLAND: Ediconsult Carly Litchfield, Advertising Sales Tel +1 (949) 366-9089; Internazionale Srl, Piazza Fontane Manager Defence: Tel: +44 (0) 20 3253 Fax +1 (949) 366-9289; Marose 3, 16123 Genova, Italy; Tel +39 2291 email: [email protected] 010 583684; Fax +39 010 566578; email: Fax: See UK; email: carly.litchfield@ihs. [email protected] com JAPAN: Carly Litchfield, see UK Adam Smith, Advertising Sales Executive MIDDLE EAST: Adam Smith, see UK Defence: Tel: +44 (0) 20 3253 2293 PAKISTAN: Adam Smith, see UK Fax: See UK; email: [email protected] Online sponsors POLAND: Adam Smith, see UK Airbus Military, Cassidian, Expal, Finmeccanica, RUSSIA: Anatoly Tomashevich, 4-154, UNITED STATES: IHS Jane’s, 110 N. ADVERTISING COPY: Teplichnyi pereulok, Moscow, 123298, Royal Street, Suite 200, Alexandria, VA Christie Thornton, Advertising Copy Harris, Israel Aircraft Industries, Lockheed Martin Russia, 123103, Russia. Tel/Fax +7 495 22314, USA; Tel +1 (703) 683 3700; & Operations Administrator, (see UK Aeronautics, Lockheed Martin MS2, Oshkosh 942 0465; Mobile +7 926 211 4672; email: Fax +1 (703) 836 5537; address); Tel +44 (0)20 3253 2271; Fax See Defense, Sagem, UTC Aerospace [email protected] email: [email protected] UK; email: [email protected] Subscription enquiries We are here to help. There are four easy ways of contacting us about starting or renewing your subscription or to inform us of a change to your delivery address.

TELEPHONE +44 (0) 1604 251 491

MAIL DSB.net Ltd • 3 Queensbridge • The Lakes •Northampton • NN4 7BF

EMAIL [email protected]

FAX +44 (0) 1604 251Roper 031

One year print or digital subscription rate: UK £315 • Europe €390 • Rest of World, inc. US (USD) $560*

*includes airmail delivery 2751_1108CHMAG

ihs.com/janes 20 November 2013 Jane’s Defence Weekly | 33

033_JDW_131120.indd 33 15/11/2013 13:00:02 INTERVIEW Dr Vivek Lall

CHAIRMAN, INDO-AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE A&D COMMITTEE

he United States needs to regard the major players, I also expect to see this Tthe defence industrial capability relationship transcend to US small- and gap between itself and India as medium-sized companies, which would start an opportunity for collaboration, not an engaging directly with India. I also expect a obstacle, Dr Vivek Lall, chairman of the Indo- number of areas to grow – such as general and American Chamber of Commerce (IACC) business aviation; avionics; and maintenance, Aerospace & Defence (A&D) committee, has repair and overhaul – as well as large commer- told IHS Jane’s. cial and military engagements.” “There is no doubt that the US industry Figures available in the public domain is the most advanced; likewise, there is no suggest that by 2022 India is expected to doubt that the most advanced technologies purchase USD100 billion worth of equipment, and products will have the greatest applica- while another USD9.7 billion is to be spent by tion in the Indian subcontinent. The gap 2016 on homeland security. India must capi-

between these two has to merge in order to 1168839 IACC: talise on this opportunity by leapfrogging its meet Indian requirements,” said Lall. technology sector to a higher level, Lall said. “The Indian defence and security industry “Similarly, the demand for aviation and is still at a nascent stage of development and aerospace has been clearly mapped. With will welcome guidance, and this must be seen ‘I expect to see air transport becoming affordable to a large as an opportunity rather than a problem. If it a significant US number of India’s population and the devel- is seen as an opportunity, then US companies opment of unused airstrips and helipads, the will be able to expand their presence in India industry presence demand for passenger aircraft will pick up. and will be able to find export markets just as So will the demand for helicopters, freight though India was an extended arm of the US.” in India by 2023’ carrying aircraft, air taxis, private aircraft etc. He added: “Indian industry is ever-willing Undoubtedly, the US will have a huge pres- to partner with its US counterpart. It may not ence in these markets.” be an equal partnership in terms of technol- Lall explained that the IACC is actively ogy, but the partnership will become a force ings and the Indian Ordnance Factories]. engaged in promoting closer co-operation multiplier in terms of capability when the raw, Unless the FDI cap increases substantially … between the A&D sectors of both countries fresh, and young talent of India is exposed to the resulting exclusion of India’s resurgent so that the recently announced ambitions the advanced technologies of the US.” private sector will be detrimental to India’s of Washington and New Delhi to undertake Lall said that collaboration between India national security needs.” joint development and production pro- and the US will be fruitful for both sides, Other issues that need to be addressed in grammes can be achieved. should India successfully promote greater order for the level of A&D trade to increase “The committee also takes a proactive private-sector involvement in defence pro- significantly further are long-term certainty approach towards advocacy of supportive duction. This could be achieved, he said, by of policy and regulatory regime in both civil policies and regulations, and in the course [of India relaxing the 26% limit on foreign direct and defence as well as transparency in pro- this] remains aligned to address the dynamic investment (FDI) in the defence sector. curement, Lall said. industry needs and challenges in the A&D “India has reiterated that defence trade Notwithstanding some of the capability and sector,” he added. relations with the US must move from purely procedural challenges that need to be tackled Potential areas for collaboration proposed a buyer/seller relationship to a more compre- in order for greater India-US collaboration to by the United States in September 2013 hensive partnership covering the transfer of emerge, Lall predicts the US is destined to include joint development of a next-genera- technology and co-production. Through such significantly expand its presence in the Indian tion Raytheon/Lockheed Martin FGM-148 collaboration India has a major opportunity A&D sector over the coming decade. Javelin anti-tank guided missile and the Elec- to build an industrial infrastructure that will “US-based companies have been looking tro Magnetic Aircraft Launch System for the be able to quantitatively, technologically, and to work more closely with India in the A&D Indian Navy’s future aircraft carriers. qualitatively support the requirements of the sector. Key segments include: the produc- Lall did not comment on any specific Indian armed forces,” he said. tion of aircraft and related components; air programmes, but noted: “Focus on promoting “However, for this to happen, the work- traffic management; maintenance, repair and co-operation in research and development share of India’s private sector will need to overhaul; aviation safety;Roper security; and [R&D], design, commercialisation, and pro- increase far beyond the present 14% [with capacity building.” duction are some of the key growth areas.” foreign vendors taking 70% and the remain- Lall added: “I expect to see a significant US Jon Grevatt Jane’s Asia-Pacific der going to defence public sector undertak- industry presence in India by 2023. Besides Industry Analyst, Bangkok

34 | Jane’s Defence Weekly 20 November 2013 ihs.com/janes

034_JDW131120.indd 34 15/11/2013 14:27:56 IHS Jane’s 360 The new defence & security site

Your ﬁ rst touch point for all that is More than happening across the global defence, 100,000* security and military sectors. updates a year

Features, white papers and interviews

Weekly video updates

Interactive events calendar News from more than 500 global reporters

Infographics and 36 New defence and analysis pieces security content sections

great content + great user interface =great user experience

Experience it today at ihsjanes360.com * 2012 updates on Janes 2.0 Roper From the world’s leading provider of defence & security insight and information 2978_0713AA

2978_0713AA_IHS Janes 360_post launch_1_275x210.indd 1 15/08/2013 12:16 MISSION-CRITICAL DECISIONS DEMAND COMPLETE CONNECTIVITY

In today’s dynamic, fast-paced battlefield environments, having secure, reliable communications solutions is not a choice, it’s required. As a leading supplier of turnkey tactical SATCOM terminals and next- generation telecommunications systems and services to the U.S. DoD, L-3 enables our warfighters to connect, collaborate and communicate — anytime, anywhere.Roper We understand mission-critical decisions are made in an instant, so the equipment and services you utilize for communications can never be in question.

L-3com.com

Untitled-1 1 14/11/2013 15:22