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ROBERT BURNS and PASTORAL This Page Intentionally Left Blank Robert Burns and Pastoral
ROBERT BURNS AND PASTORAL This page intentionally left blank Robert Burns and Pastoral Poetry and Improvement in Late Eighteenth-Century Scotland NIGEL LEASK 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX26DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Nigel Leask 2010 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by MPG Books Group, Bodmin and King’s Lynn ISBN 978–0–19–957261–8 13579108642 In Memory of Joseph Macleod (1903–84), poet and broadcaster This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements This book has been of long gestation. -
1. August Angellier in Robert Burns, La Vie, Les Oeuvres, 2 Vols (Paris
Notes CHAPTER 1 THE EARLY PERIOD: BURNS' INTUITIVE USE OF SCOTTISH TRADITION 1. August Angellier in Robert Burns, La Vie, Les Oeuvres, 2 vols (Paris, 1983) pointed to this when he said: 'But underneath this scholarly poetry there existed a popular poetry which was very abundant, very vigorous, very racy and very original'. See especially p. 14 of Jane Burgoyne's selected translation from Angellier in the Burns Chronicle and Club Directory, 1969. Other portions of the translation appeared in 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973. 2. J. De Lancey Ferguson (ed.) The Letters of Robert Burns, 2 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1931), 1: 106, no. 125. Burns adopted a superior tone here in keeping with the accepted pose of the eighteenth-century man of letters. All references to Burns' letters are to Ferguson's edition. Only letter numbers will be given when the citation appears in the text proper. 3. Most critics and students of Burns take some stance towards his relationship with previous work. Hans Hecht, Robert Burns: The Man and His Work, 2nd rev. ed. (London: William Hodge & Company, 1950), p. 29, suggests that Burns was the culmination of a tradition, but he speaks of a literary rather than a cultural inheritance. 4. See T. S. Eliot, The Sacred Wood (London: Methuen, 1950), pp. 47-59. 5. Angellier earlier suggested this division and I agree with him that Burns' work prior to Edinburgh was dominated by depiction of the world around him. After Edinburgh, Angellier indicates that Burns relied less on the specific incidents and more on general sentiments. -
Burns Supper Even Before His Death, Poet Robert Burns' Cottage At
Burns Supper Even before his death, poet Robert Burns’ cottage at Alloway, Ayrshire, had been sold to the incorporation, or guild, of shoemakers of Ayr, one of whose members turned it into an alehouse. It was here, on 29 January 1801 (they got his birthday wrong) that soldiers of the Argyll Fencibles (militia) met to hear their band play – and to use the services of his cottage in its new role. The first recorded Burns Supper took place at Alloway in the same year, but on the anniversary of his death (21st July). It involved a speech and multiple toasts; to eat there was haggis (which was addressed) and, a mercifully lost tradition, sheep’s head; given the social status of those present, refreshment was probably wine and ale rather than whisky. Present were nine friends and patrons of Burns. Among them was a lady, though thereafter the Suppers were mostly (sometimes militantly) all-male affairs until far into the twentieth century: a curious slant on Burns’ own life as well as on the first dinner. The ‘toast to the lasses’ was traditionally thanks for the cooking and an appreciation of the women in Burns’ life, only later degenerating into a sexist (often misogynistic) rant. Celebrations were held twice yearly until 1809 when participants settled on January (25th), because this fell in a slack period of the agricultural year. Commercialisation of his birthplace did little to honour the memory of his life and work, and in 1822 the poet John Keats complained bitterly of how both the ambience and the landlord of the Alloway inn degraded Burns’ greatness. -
Robert Burns, His Medical Friends, Attendants and Biographer*
ROBERT BURNS, HIS MEDICAL FRIENDS, ATTENDANTS AND BIOGRAPHER* By H. B. ANDERSON, M.D. TORONTO NE hundred and twenty-seven untimely death was a mystery for which fl years have elapsed since Dr. James some explanation had to be proffered. I Currie, f .r .s ., of Liverpool, pub- Two incidents, however, discredit Syme Iished the first and greatest biog- as a dependable witness: the sword incident, raphy of Robert Burns. on the occasion of his reproving the poet Dr. Currie had met the poet but once and regarding his habits, of which there are then only for a few minutes in the streets several conflicting accounts, and his apoc- of Dumfries, so that he was entirely depend- ryphal version of the circumstances under ent on others for the information on which which “Scots Wha Hae” was produced he based his opinions of the character and during the Galloway tour. In regard to the habits of Burns. A few days after Burns’ latter incident, the letter Burns wrote death he wrote to John Syme, “Stamp-office Thomson in forwarding the poem effectually Johnnie,” an old college friend then living disposes of Syme’s fabrication. in Dumfries: “ By what I have heard, he was As Burns’ biographer, Dr. Currie is known not very correct in his conduct, and a report to have been actuated by admiration, goes about that he died of the effects of friendship, and the benevolent purpose of habitual drinking.” But doubting the truth- helping to provide for the widow and family; fulness of the current gossip, he asks Syme and it is quite evident that he was willing, pointedly “What did Burns die of?” It is if not anxious, to undertake the task. -
Introduction to Scots Literacy
Introduction to Scots Literacy Speakin’ Scots Guid Fer a Laugh Level 2 - Pack 5 Jiggin Dicht Reekin Nieves Sonsie Forbye Fiddle Boosin Moose Bletherin Wabster Haggis 1 Introduction to Guid Fer A Laugh We are part of the City of Edinburgh Council, South West Adult Learning team and usually deliver ‘Guid Fer a Laugh’ sessions for community groups in South West Edinburgh. Unfortunately, we are unable to meet groups due to Covid-19. Good news though, we have adapted some of the material and we hope you will join in at home. Development of Packs We plan to develop packs from beginner level 1 to 5. Participants will gradually increase in confidence and by level 5, should be able to: read, recognise, understand and write in Scots. Distribution During Covid-19 During Covid-19 restrictions we are emailing packs to community forums, organisations, groups and individuals. Using the packs The packs can be done in pairs, small groups or individually. They are being used by: families, carers, support workers and individuals. The activities are suitable for all adults but particularly those who do not have access to computer and internet. Adapting Packs The packs can be adapted to suit participants needs. For example, the Pilmeny Development Project used The Scot Literacy Pack as part of a St Andrews Day Activity Pack which was posted out to 65 local older people. In the pack they included the Scot Literacy Pack 1 and 2, crosswords, short bread and a blue pen. Please see photo. 2 The Aims of the Session – Whit’s it a’aboot? • it’s about learning Scots language and auld words • takes a look at Scots comedy, songs, poetry and writing • hae a guid laugh at ourselves and others Feedback fae folk This is pack number five and we move on a little to Level 2. -
RBWF Newsletter July 2015
The Robert Burns World Federation Newsletter Issue 16 July 2015 This edition of the Newsletter continues to demonstrate the wonderful work being done by the Federation in promoting the life and works of Robert Burns with the younger generation. It is particularly gratifying to see the enthusiasm of pupils involved in the Primary Schools’ Festival and in a repeat performance of the Burns musical ‘Rabbie’ at the Edinburgh Fringe by St George’s Girls School, Edinburgh. Some very welcome thoughts on promoting Burns in the classroom are presented by a secondary school teacher and hopefully it will evoke a response. The rededication ceremony for the laying of the foundation stone for the Burns Mausoleum in Dumfries, some 200 years after the original event, is deservedly given full coverage. Editor In this Issue: Page Reply to an Invitation - Primary Schools Festival 1-2 - Ellisland Youngsters 3 Sir, - Lasses Lunch 3 - Wreath Laying in Kilmarnock 4 Yours this moment I unseal, - Thornhill Burns Club Outing 4 And faith! I’m gay and hearty. - Addressing the Haggis Competition 4 - Poet William Letford Residency 5 To tell the truth and shame the Deil, I am a fou as Bartie. - John Galt Society 5 - 200 Club Results and Membership 6 - A ‘Stookie’ Comes to Life 6 But Foorsday, Sir, my promise leal, - Tom McIlwraith Poetry Competition 6 Expect me o’ your partie, - Burns Mausoleum 200th Anniversary 7-8 If on a beast I can speel - The Kirk’s Alarm 8 - Overseas Literature Report 9 Or hurl in a cartie. - RBBM Events Programme 10 - RBANA Conference Report 10 Yours, - Robert Burns - Burns Teaching in School 11 - Tartan Day 12 Primary Schools Festival The Primary Schools Festival was held in Hutchesons’ Grammar School on Saturday 30th May with over 150 enthusiastic pupils taking part. -
ROBERT BURNS and FRIENDS Essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows Presented to G
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Robert Burns and Friends Robert Burns Collections 1-1-2012 ROBERT BURNS AND FRIENDS essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows presented to G. Ross Roy Patrick G. Scott University of South Carolina - Columbia, [email protected] Kenneth Simpson See next page for additional authors Publication Info 2012, pages 1-192. © The onC tributors, 2012 All rights reserved Printed and distributed by CreateSpace https://www.createspace.com/900002089 Editorial contact address: Patrick Scott, c/o Irvin Department of Rare Books & Special Collections, University of South Carolina Libraries, 1322 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, U.S.A. ISBN 978-1-4392-7097-4 Scott, P., Simpson, K., eds. (2012). Robert Burns & Friends essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows presented to G. Ross Roy. P. Scott & K. Simpson (Eds.). Columbia, SC: Scottish Literature Series, 2012. This Book - Full Text is brought to you by the Robert Burns Collections at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Robert Burns and Friends by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Author(s) Patrick G. Scott, Kenneth Simpson, Carol Mcguirk, Corey E. Andrews, R. D. S. Jack, Gerard Carruthers, Kirsteen McCue, Fred Freeman, Valentina Bold, David Robb, Douglas S. Mack, Edward J. Cowan, Marco Fazzini, Thomas Keith, and Justin Mellette This book - full text is available at Scholar Commons: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/burns_friends/1 ROBERT BURNS AND FRIENDS essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows presented to G. Ross Roy G. Ross Roy as Doctor of Letters, honoris causa June 17, 2009 “The rank is but the guinea’s stamp, The Man’s the gowd for a’ that._” ROBERT BURNS AND FRIENDS essays by W. -
Comprehension – Robert Burns – Y5m/Y6d – Brainbox Remembering Burns Robert Burns May Be Gone, but He Will Never Be Forgotten
Robert Burns Who is He? Robert Burns is one of Scotland’s most famous poets and song writers. He is widely regarded as the National Poet of Scotland. He was born in Ayrshire on the 25th January, 1759. Burns was from a large family; he had six other brothers and sisters. He was also known as Rabbie Burns or the Ploughman Poet. Childhood Burns was the son of a tenant farmer. As a child, Burns had to work incredibly long hours on the farm to help out. This meant that he didn’t spend much time at school. Even though his family were poor, his father made sure that Burns had a good education. As a young man, Burns enjoyed reading poetry and listening to music. He also enjoyed listening to his mother sing old Scottish songs to him. He soon discovered that he had a talent for writing and wrote his first song, Handsome Nell, at the age of fifteen. Handsome Nell was a love song, inspired by a farm servant named Nellie Kilpatrick. Becoming Famous In 1786, he planned to emigrate to Jamaica. His plans were changed when a collection of his songs and poems were published. The first edition of his poetry was known as the Kilmarnock edition. They were a huge hit and sold out within a month. Burns suddenly became very popular and famous. That same year, Burns moved to Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland. He was made very welcome by the wealthy and powerful people who lived there. He enjoyed going to parties and living the life of a celebrity. -
"Auld Lang Syne" G
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Selected Essays on Robert Burns by G. Ross Roy Robert Burns Collections 3-1-2018 "Auld Lang Syne" G. Ross Roy University of South Carolina - Columbia Publication Info 2018, pages 77-83. (c) G. Ross Roy, 1984; Estate of G. Ross Roy; and Studies in Scottish Literature, 2019. First published as introduction to Auld Lang Syne, by Robert Burns, Scottish Poetry Reprints, 5 (Greenock: Black Pennell, 1984). This Chapter is brought to you by the Robert Burns Collections at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Selected Essays on Robert Burns by G. Ross Roy by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “AULD LANG SYNE” (1984) A good case can be made that “Auld Lang Syne” is the best known “English” song in the world, & perhaps the best known in any language if we except national anthems. The song is certainly known throughout the English-speaking world, including countries which were formerly part of the British Empire. It is also known in most European countries, including Russia, as well as in China and Japan. Before and during the lifetime of Robert Burns the traditional Scottish song of parting was “Gude Night and Joy be wi’ You a’,” and there is evidence that despite “Auld Lang Syne” Burns continued to think of the older song as such. He wrote to James Johnson, for whom he was writing and collecting Scottish songs to be published in The Scots Musical Museum (6 vols. Edinburgh, 1787-1803) about “Gude Night” in 1795, “let this be your last song of all the Collection,” and this more than six years after he had written “Auld Lang Syne.” When Johnson published Burns’s song it enjoyed no special place in the Museum, but he followed the poet’s counsel with respect to “Gude Night,” placing it at the end of the sixth volume. -
The Prayer of Holy Willie
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Faculty Publications English Language and Literatures, Department of 7-7-2015 The rP ayer of Holy Willie: A canting, hypocritical, Kirk Elder Patrick G. Scott University of South Carolina - Columbia, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/engl_facpub Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Publication Info Published in 2015. Introduction and editorial matter copyright (c) Patrick Scott nda Scottish Poetry Reprint Series, 2015. This Book is brought to you by the English Language and Literatures, Department of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE PRAYER OF HOLY WILLIE by ROBERT BURNS Scottish Poetry Reprints Series An occasional series edited by G. Ross Roy, 1970-1996 1. The Life and Death of the Piper of Kilbarchan, by Robert Semphill, edited by G. Ross Roy (Edinburgh: Tragara Press, 1970). 2. Peblis, to the Play, edited by A. M. Kinghorn (London: Quarto Press, 1974). 3. Archibald Cameron’s Lament, edited by G. Ross Roy (London: Quarto Press, 1977). 4. Tam o’ Shanter, A Tale, by Robert Burns, ed. By G. Ross Roy from the Afton Manuscript (London: Quarto Press, 1979). 5. Auld Lang Syne, by Robert Burns, edited by G. Ross Roy, music transcriptions by Laurel E. Thompson and Jonathan D. Ensiminger (Greenock: Black Pennell Press, 1984). 6. The Origin of Species, by Lord Neaves, ed. Patrick Scott (London: Quarto Press, 1986). 7. Robert Burns, A Poem, by Iain Crichton Smith (Edinburgh: Morning Star, 1996). -
A Poem Ne Ly Sprung in Fairvie
A Poem Ne ly Sprung in Fairvie by CLARK AYCOCK ave you ever sung “Auld Lang therefore able to write in the local Ayrshire Syne” on New Year’s Eve? dialect, as well as in “Standard” English. He Or have you ever uttered the wrote many romantic poems that are still phrase, when frustrated, “the recited and sung today, and some of us may best-laid schemes of mice and men…”? remember his songs more easily than we do Did you know that John Steinbeck’s classic his poetry. in a human book Of Mice and Men was based on a line Robert Burns infl uenced many other head, though I in a poem written “To a Mouse”... or that poets including Wordsworth, Coleridge have seen the most a Tam O’ Shanter cap was named aft er a distinguished men of my time.” and Shelley. Walter Scott was also a great A commemorative plate showing character in a poem by that name? And admirer and wrote this wonderful descrip- In the late 1700s, many Scots migrated did you know that singer and songwriter tion of Burns that provides us with a clear from the Piedmont into the mountains of Robert Burns in the center Bob Dylan said his biggest creative impression of the man. “His person was WNC, bringing with them their country's surrounded by characters from inspiration was the poem and song “A strong and robust; his manners rustic, not culture and craft and inherent connection his poems Red, Red Rose”? Yes, we are talking about clownish, a sort of dignifi ed plainness and with Burns. -
The Saltire 2.14
No 1 Message from the Chieftain February 2014 Another great Burns Supper Our recent Burns Supper provided a clear reason why it is the most popular event on the Society’s calendar of events. There was something for everyone. The Bard of Ayr was well and truly remembered through the toasts in the formal part of the evening . Ken Suttie addressed the haggis, I delivered the Immortal Memory, Michael Haines gave the toast Tae the Lassies and Laura Grinham responded on behalf of the lassies. "Alba Gu Brath" Then we had three wonderful singers from the floor . young COMMITTEE 2013-2014 Jane Jackson, Jim McGuire and Eleanor Love . and Sandy Milligan gave an excellent rendition of the famous Robert Burns Chieftain poem, Holy Willie’s Prayer . Brian McMurdo Sandy even made-up and dressed-up for the part! Great fun. Immediate Past Chieftain As well as providing the dance music for the ceilidh part of the Ken Suttie evening, the Heel n Toe Band also gave us a song or two (the band said it was one of the best events they had played at). Vice Chieftain Doris LaValette I should mention here that the Burns Supper saw our new Honorary Piper, Alex Foster, of the Perth Metro Pipe Band, Hon Secretary play for us for the first time during pre-dinner drinks and when leading the Haggis party. Darian Ferguson And the whole event was held together with great aplomb by Hon Treasurer our MC duo, Diana Paxman and Reggie McNeill. Diana Paxman Of course, there wouldn’t have been anything for them to hold Members together without the great work put in by the event manager, Cameron Dickson Vice-Chieftain Doris LaValette.