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Shongtong-Karchham Hydroelectric Project Involved Both Field Work and Review of Data Collected from Various Secondary Sources

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Shongtong-Karchham Hydroelectric Project Involved Both Field Work and Review of Data Collected from Various Secondary Sources Environmental Assessment Report Full Environmental Impact Assessment Report Project Number: 41627-05 June 2011 IND: Himachal Pradesh Clean Energy Development Investment Program – Tranche 4 Prepared by WAPCOS Limited for Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. The environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website.” TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER-1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL 1-1 1.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT 1-1 1.3 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 1-4 1.4 SCOPE OF THE EIA STUDY 1-4 1.5 STAGES IN AN EIA STUDY 1-4 1.6 OUTLINE OF THE REPORT 1-5 CHAPTER-2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 GENERAL 2-1 2.2 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED 2-1 2.3 PROJECT FEATURES 2-2 2.4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2-6 2.5 OTHER WORKS 2-9 2.6 LAND REQUIREMENT 2-10 2.7 CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT 2-11 2.8 CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL REQUIREMENT 2-11 2.9 YEAR WISE CONSTRUCTION WORKERS 2-12 2.10 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2-14 CHAPTER-3: METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR THE EIA STUDY 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3-1 3.2 STUDY AREA 3-1 3.3 SCOPING MATRIX 3-1 3.4 DATA COLLECTION 3-2 3.5 SUMMARY OF DATA COLLECTION 3-8 3.6 IMPACT PREDICTION 3-8 3.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND COST ESTIMATES 3-9 3.8 RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION PLAN 3-9 3.9 CATCHMENT AREA TREATMENT PLAN 3-9 3.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 3-10 CHAPTER-4 BASELINE SETTING FOR PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASPECTS 4.1 GENERAL 4-1 4.2 METEOROLOGY 4-1 4.3 GEOLOGY 4-2 4.4 SEISMOLOGY 4-3 4.5 LAND USE PATTERN 4-5 WAPCOS Centre for Environment 4.6 SOILS 4-7 4.7 WATER RESOURCES 4-9 4.8 WATER QUALITY 4-11 4.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 4-14 4.10 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4-19 Chapter 5: BASELINE SETTING FOR ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS 5.1 GENERAL 5-1 5.2 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 5-1 5.3 AQUATIC ECOLOGY AND FISHERIES 5-16 CHAPTER – 6: SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1 6.2 STUDY APPROACH 6-1 6.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA 6-3 6.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT 6-16 6.5 ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN UNDER R&R PLAN DURING 2009-2010 6-25 6.6 BUDGETS FOR RESETTLEMENT & REHABILITATION 6-27 CHAPTER-7: PREDICTION OF IMPACTS 7.1 GENERAL 7-1 7.2 IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT 7-3 7.3 IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT 7-8 7.4 IMPACTS ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT 7-10 7.5 IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 7-13 7.6 IMPACTS ON BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 7-23 7.7 IMPACTS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 7-28 7.8 IMPACTS DUE TO CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS 7-30 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AAQM - Ambient Air Quality Monitoring CAT - Catchment Area Treatment CEIA - Comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment CHC - Community Health Centre DEM - Digital Elevation Model DPR - Detailed Project Report EC - Electrical conductivity EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EIMU - Environmental Impact Management Unit EMP - Environmental Management Plan FCC - False Color Composite FRL - Full Reservoir Level PFR - Pre-Feasibility Report GIS - Geological Information System GHNP - Great Himalayan National Park GOI - Government of India GPP - Gross Primary Productivity HEP - Hydroelectric Project HRT - Head Race Tunnel HPSEB - Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board IDC - Interest During Construction IMD - India Meteorological Department MDDL - Minimum Draw Down Level MOEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests M O W R - Ministry of Water Resources MOU - Memorandum of Understanding MU - Million Units MW - Mega Watt NOC - No Objection Certificate NOx - Nitrogen Oxides NPRR - National Policy for Resettlement & Rehabilitation PAP - Project Affected People PAF - Project Affected Families NRSA - National Remote Sensing Agency WAPCOS Centre for Environment PHC - Primary Health Centre ROR - Record of Rights R&R - Resettlement & Rehabilitation RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter SAV - Study Area Village SPCB - State Pollution Control Board SPL - Sound Pressure Level SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter SPSS - Statistical Package for Social Sciences SO2 - Sulphur dioxide STP - Sewage Treatment Plant SYI - Silt Yield Index TRT - Tail Race Tunnel TDS - Total Dissolved Solids WAPCOS - Water and Power Consultancy Services (I) Limited HPPCL EIA study for Shongtong-Karchham H.E Project (450 MW) CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL The Kinner Kailash Power Corporation Limited (KKPCL) promoted by Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board (HPSEB) has been renamed as Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL). The HPPCL is the joint venture between the Government of Himachal Pradesh (GoHP) and Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board (HPSEB). The HPPCL proposes to develop the Shongtong–Karchham Hydro Electric Project on river Satluj in district Kinnaur of Himachal Pradesh. The project is envisaged as a run-of-river (RoR) Scheme on river Satluj in district Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh. The barrage site is located near village Powari and the power house is proposed to be located near village Ralli on left bank of river Satluj near confluence of river Bapsa with river Satluj. The installed capacity of Shongtong-Karchham hydro-electric project shall be 450 MW. The barrage site is located near village Powari and the power house is proposed to be located near village Ralli on NH-22 about 200 km from Shimla. The project location map along with revenue village’s boundaries and population outline enclosed as Figure-1.1. 1.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT The installed power generation capacity in India was 1,362 MW in 1947 which increased to 64,729 MW in 1990. In spite of the significant growth, power demand has always outstripped the supply. At the end of the 10th plan, shortfall in energy availability on an all India basis is given as per Table 1.1. Table 1.1: 10th Plan, shortfall in energy availability on an all India basis Year Requirement Availability Surplus(+)/ Surplus/Shortage % Shortage (-) Peak (MW) 2006-07 100,715 86,818 -13,897 -13.8 Energy (MU) 2006-07 690,587 624,495 -66,092 -9.6 Source: Data Management and Load Forecasting (DMLF) Division, Central Electricity Authority Based on 10th Plan actual capacity addition of 21,180 MW, a capacity addition of 78,577 MW comprising of 39,865 MW (50.7%) in central sector, 27,952 MW (35.6%) in State sector and 10,760 MW (13.7%) in private sector has been proposed during 11th Plan. Table 1.2 gives the capacity addition proposed during 11th five year plan. Table 1.2: Capacity addition proposed during 11th five year Plan Hydro Thermal Thermal Breakup Nuclear Total Coal Lignite Gas A. Projects Commissioned Central Sector 0 0 0 0 0 220 220 ALL-INDIA 0 0 0 0 0 220 220 B. Projects Under Construction Central Sector 8,565 12,680 11,190 750 740 3,160 24,405 State Sector 3,075 13,947 12,735 450 762 0 17,022 Private Sector 2,791 4,737 2,700 0 2,037 0 7,528 WAPCOS Centre for Environment 1-1 HPPCL EIA study for Shongtong-Karchham H.E Project (450 MW) Hydro Thermal Thermal Breakup Nuclear Total Coal Lignite Gas ALL-INDIA 14,431 31,364 26,625 1,200 3,539 3,160 48,955 C. Committed Projects (Orders yet to be placed) Central Sector 1,120 14,120 13,120 250 750 0 15,240 State Sector 530 10,400 10,400 0 0 0 10,930 Private Sector 472 2,760 2,760 0 0 0 3,232 ALL-INDIA 2,122 27,280 26,280 250 750 0 29,402 D. Total Central Sector 9,685 26,800 24,310 1,000 1,454 3380 39,865 State Sector 3,605 24,347 23,135 450 762 0 27,952 Private Sector 3,263 7,497 5,460 0 2,037 0 10,760 ALL-INDIA 16,553 58,644 52,905 1,450 4,289 3,380 78,577 Source: DMLF Division, Central Electricity Authority Status of Hydro Projects in 11th Plan; The status of Hydro Projects totaling to 16,553 MW included in 11th Plan is as under: • 14,431 MW (87%) are under construction. • 1,537 MW (9.5%) have been accorded concurrence by Central Electricity Authority (CEA)/State Government and are awaiting investment decision/work award. • 585 MW (3.5%) the DPR is ready and concurrence by CEA/State Government is awaited. Besides capacity addition, a strong inter-state and inter regional transmission system has also been planned not only to evacuate the planned generation capacity but also to provide open access for transfer of power from surplus to deficit area. The hydro power potential of Himachal Pradesh is surplus for its own requirement. The surplus power is made available to meet the power and energy requirements in other parts of the country, through northern grid. Therefore, it is necessary to look into energy and power requirements of the northern region while planning hydropower development in Himachal Pradesh. The All India region wise generating installed capacity (MW) of power utilities including allocated shares in joint and central sector utilities are given in Table-1.3. Table 1.3: Captive generating capacity (As on 31.01.2010) Sl. Region Thermal Nuclear Hydro R.E.S @ Total No. Coal Gas Diesel TOTAL Renewable (MNRE) 1 Northern 23,620.00 3,813.26 12.99 27,446.25 1,620.00 13,622.75 2,777.32 45,466.32 2 Western 29,290.50 8,143.81 17.48 37,451.79 1,840.00 7,447.50 4,918.28 51,657.57 3 Southern 19,172.50 4,690.78 939.32 24,802.60 1,100.00 1,1260.03 8,517.55 45,680.18 4 Eastern 17,635.38 190.00 17.20 17,842.58 0.00 3,882.12 344.41 22,069.11 5 North 60.00 787.00 142.74 989.74 0.00 1,116.00 223.32 2,329.06 Eastern 6 Islands 0.00 0.00 70.02 70.02 0.00 0.00 6.10 76.12 7 All India 89,778.38 17,624.85 1,199.75 108,602.98 4,560.00 37,382.40 16,786.98 167,278.36 Captive generating capacity connected to the Grid (MW) = 19,509 Source: DMLF Division, Central Electricity Authority.
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