East Asia History Timeline

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

14. Hyecho Hyecho (704–787), Sanskrit: Prajñāvikram; pinyin: Hui Chao, was a Buddhist monk from Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Hyecho studied esoteric Buddhism in Tang China, initially under Śubhakarasiṃha and then under the famous Indian monk Vajrabodhi who praised Hyecho as "one of six living persons who were well- trained in the five sections of the Buddhist canon.“ On the advice of his Indian teachers in China, he set out for India in 723 to acquaint himself with the language and culture of the land of the Buddha. During his journey of India, Hyecho wrote a travelogue in Chinese named Wang ocheonchukguk jeon (hanja: 往五天竺國傳) which means, "Memoir of the pilgrimage to the five kingdoms of India." The travelogue reveals that Hyecho, after arriving by sea in India headed to the Indian Kingdom of Magadha (present-day Bihar), then moved on to visit Kushinagar and Varanasi. However Hyecho's journey did not end there and he continued north, where he visited Lumbini (present-day Nepal), Kashmir, the Arabs. Hyecho left India following the Silk Road towards the west, via Agni or Karasahr, to China where the account ends in 729 CE. The travelogue was lost for many years until a fragment of it was rediscovered by Paul Pelliot in the Mogao Caves in China in 1908 and was subsequently translated into different languages over the years; the original version of Wang ocheonchukguk jeon. The original fragment is now in France. Related Historic Site 1. Korea, the Land of Morning Calm(Birth place) 2. National Library of France 3. Monument for Hyecho Related Historic Site_Address 1. Korea, the Land of Morning Calm(Birth place) 1, Gyo-dong, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea Related Historic Site_Address 2. Monument for Hyecho 48, Pyeongtaekho-gil, Hyeondeok-myeon, Pyeongtaek-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Number 3 2011 Korean Buddhist Art
NUMBER 3 2011 KOREAN BUDDHIST ART KOREAN ART SOCIETY JOURNAL NUMBER 3 2011 Korean Buddhist Art Publisher and Editor: Robert Turley, President of the Korean Art Society and Korean Art and Antiques CONTENTS About the Authors…………………………………………..………………...…..……...3-6 Publisher’s Greeting…...…………………………….…….………………..……....….....7 The Museum of Korean Buddhist Art by Robert Turley…………………..…..…..8-10 Twenty Selections from the Museum of Korean Buddhist Art by Dae Sung Kwon, Do Kyun Kwon, and Hyung Don Kwon………………….….11-37 Korean Buddhism in the Far East by Henrik Sorensen……………………..…….38-53 Korean Buddhism in East Asian Context by Robert Buswell……………………54-61 Buddhist Art in Korea by Youngsook Pak…………………………………..……...62-66 Image, Iconography and Belief in Early Korean Buddhism by Jonathan Best.67-87 Early Korean Buddhist Sculpture by Lena Kim…………………………………....88-94 The Taenghwa Tradition in Korean Buddhism by Henrik Sorensen…………..95-115 The Sound of Ecstasy and Nectar of Enlightenment by Lauren Deutsch…..116-122 The Korean Buddhist Rite of the Dead: Yeongsan-jae by Theresa Ki-ja Kim123-143 Dado: The Korean Way of Tea by Lauren Deutsch……………………………...144-149 Korean Art Society Events…………………………………………………………..150-154 Korean Art Society Press……………………………………………………………155-162 Bibliography of Korean Buddhism by Kenneth R. Robinson…...…………….163-199 Join the Korean Art Society……………...………….…….……………………...……...200 About the Authors 1 About the Authors All text and photographs contained herein are the property of the individual authors and any duplication without permission of the authors is a violation of applicable laws. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BY THE INDIVIDUAL AUTHORS. Please click on the links in the bios below to order each author’s publications or to learn more about their activities.
[Show full text]
Buddhist Adoption in Asia, Mahayana Buddhism First Entered China
Buddhist adoption in Asia, Mahayana Buddhism first entered China through Silk Road. Blue-eyed Central Asian monk teaching East-Asian monk. A fresco from the Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves, dated to the 9th century; although Albert von Le Coq (1913) assumed the blue-eyed, red-haired monk was a Tocharian,[1] modern scholarship has identified similar Caucasian figures of the same cave temple (No. 9) as ethnic Sogdians,[2] an Eastern Iranian people who inhabited Turfan as an ethnic minority community during the phases of Tang Chinese (7th- 8th century) and Uyghur rule (9th-13th century).[3] Buddhism entered Han China via the Silk Road, beginning in the 1st or 2nd century CE.[4][5] The first documented translation efforts by Buddhist monks in China (all foreigners) were in the 2nd century CE under the influence of the expansion of the Kushan Empire into the Chinese territory of the Tarim Basin under Kanishka.[6][7] These contacts brought Gandharan Buddhist culture into territories adjacent to China proper. Direct contact between Central Asian and Chinese Buddhism continued throughout the 3rd to 7th century, well into the Tang period. From the 4th century onward, with Faxian's pilgrimage to India (395–414), and later Xuanzang (629–644), Chinese pilgrims started to travel by themselves to northern India, their source of Buddhism, in order to get improved access to original scriptures. Much of the land route connecting northern India (mainly Gandhara) with China at that time was ruled by the Kushan Empire, and later the Hephthalite Empire. The Indian form of Buddhist tantra (Vajrayana) reached China in the 7th century.
[Show full text]
DU Mphil Phd in Buddhist Studies Topic:- DU J19 MPHIL BS
DU MPhil PhD in Buddhist Studies Topic:- DU_J19_MPHIL_BS 1) A Blue print of research work is called [Question ID = 14478] 1. Research methods / [Option ID = 27911] 2. Research tools / [Option ID = 27909] 3. Research problem / [Option ID = 27912] 4. Research design / [Option ID = 27910] Correct Answer :- Research design / [Option ID = 27910] 2) The Jātakas mention this city as a great centre of learning where princes and sons of rich people came to study the three Vedas and eighteen sciences were taught जातको ं म इस नगर को िवा का एक ऐसा महान क बताया है जहां राजकु मार व धनायो ं के पु तीन वेदो व अठारह िवानो ं की िशा हण करने आते थे [Question ID = 15507] 1. Nālandā / नालंदा [Option ID = 32028] 2. Sāgala / सागल [Option ID = 32025] 3. Takkasilā / तिसला [Option ID = 32026] 4. Vārāṇasī / वाराणसी [Option ID = 32027] Correct Answer :- Takkasilā / तिसला [Option ID = 32026] 3) Data related to human beings are called [Question ID = 14470] 1. Peripheral Data / [Option ID = 27880] 2. Territorial Data / [Option ID = 27877] 3. Organizational Data / [Option ID = 27878] 4. Demographic Data / [Option ID = 27879] Correct Answer :- Demographic Data / [Option ID = 27879] 4) The Buddhist texts in whose search Chinese pilgrim Faxian travelled to India belonged to वे बौ ंथ िजनकी तालाश म चीनी तीथ-यााी फाान/फाान भारत आया वे से संत थे [Question ID = 15486] 1. Vinaya / िवनय [Option ID = 31941] 2. Prajñāpāramitā / ापारिमता [Option ID = 31944] 3.
[Show full text]
Korean Dance the Evolution of Traditional Forms
People & Culture JUNE 2011 JINDO ISLAND A PHENOMENON OF LAND AND SEA WHITE COLLAR BANDS BECOMING ROCK STARS BY NIGHT KOREAN DANCE The EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL FORMS www.korea.net ISSN: 2005-2162 Contentsjune 2011 VOL.7 NO.06 02 COVER STORY Korean traditional dance grows with the times. 02 12 PEN & BRUSH Artist Park Seo-bo is a pioneer of modernism. 16 PEOPLE Professor Kym Hyo-gun ties logic with music. 20 GREAT KOREAN Hyecho’s epic travels took him to the Silk Road. 22 SEOUL Teheranno combines beauty and convenience. 24 24 TRAVEL Peek into the splendors of Jindo Island’s nature. 28 FESTIVAL The Ganghwa Mugwort Festival boosts health. 29 FLAVOR PUBLISHER Seo Kang-soo, Enjoy cool naengmyeon noodles in summer. Korean Culture and Information Service 30 EDITING HEM KOREA Co., Ltd NOW IN KOREA E-MAIL [email protected] A movement of workers’ bands gains speed. PRINTING Samsung Moonhwa Printing Co. 34 SPECIAL ISSUE All right reserved. No part of this Commemorate fallen allies of the Korean War. publication may be reproduced in any form without permission from KOREA and the Korean Culture and 36 Information Service. SPECIAL ISSUE Hallyu finds new strength in Europe. The articles published in KOREA do not necessarily represent the views of 38 the publisher. The publisher is not liable for errors or omissions. SUMMIT DIPLOMACY 38 President Lee Myung-bak visits Europe. If you want to receive a free copy of KOREA or wish to cancel a subscription, 42 please e-mail us. A downloadable PDF GLOBAL KOREA file of KOREA, and a map and glossary More doctors volunteer for overseas posts.
[Show full text]
SILLA KOREA and the SILK ROAD GOLDEN AGE, GOLDEN THREADS COPYRIGHT ©2006 the Korea Society All Rights Reserved
SILLA KOREA AND THE SILK ROAD GOLDEN AGE, GOLDEN THREADS COPYRIGHT ©2006 The Korea Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without written permission from the publisher except in the context of reviews. ISBN # 0-9729704-1-X Project director: Yong Jin Choi Consultants: Jong-wook Lee, Bangryong Park, Richard D. McBride, II, Gari Ledyard and Ned Shultz Curriculum writers: Marjorie Wall Bingham and Yong Jin Choi Editor: Frederick F. Carriere Editorial assistants: Rebecca Brabant, Grace Chon, Delmas Hare, Jennifer Kim and Louis Wittig Mini lesson writer: Ane Lintvedt Graphic designer/ Illustrator: Seho Kim Book design: Seho Kim (Cover) Gold crown ornament from Kumgwan Tumulus, Kyongju, 5th century CE Photo Credit: Reproduced by permission of the Kyongju National Museum of Korea. (Back cover) Gold crown from Kumgwan Tumulus, Kyongju, 5th century CE Photo Credit: Reproduced by permission of the Kyongju National Museum of Korea. (Right page) Photo caption and credit– Sword hilt, gold, Silla period; 5th–6th century Reproduced by permission of the Samsung Foundation of Culture. Grateful acknowledgement is made to the friends of The Korea Society, The Freeman Foundation and The Academy of Korean Studies for their support. We also are grateful to the organiza- tions and individuals who provided images for this publication. This publication has been made possible by the generous fi- nancial support of the northeast asian history foundation. Table of Contents Introduction iv I. Was Silla Part of the Silk Road? A. WHY STUDY SILLA? A CASE STUDY IN CREATIVITY Handout 1 1 B. A COMPARATIVE TIMELINE Handout 2 8 C.
[Show full text]
The Silk Roads: a New History of the World
Book Reviews 141 The Silk Roads: A New History of the World. Peter Frankopan. Bloomsbury. 2015. 672 pp. (ISBN-13: 9781101912379) [Translated into Korean by Lee Jaehwang, Silkrod Segyesa, Chaekgwa hamkke. 2017. 1024 pp. (ISBN-13: 9791186293898)] Peter Frankopan’s book The Silk Roads: A New History of the World has been translated into Korean, and published just a month ago in a big volume of 1,017 pages from the 656 pages of the original. This has added fever not only to the academic arena but also to the growing interest in the Silk Road in Korea. This eloquent translation provides another advantage of enhanced readability. The book is based on Frankopan’s basic understanding of the Silk Road that “for millennia, it was the region lying between East and West, linking Europe with the Pacific, that was the axis on which the globe spun”. This network of pre-modern times became what it was as hundreds of ancient trade routes gradually connected throughout history, but they turned into an image embracing many things at once, a collective product of humanity and its past, and an outcome of combinations of each and every human being’s intelligence. Thus, the plural form “Silk Roads” is convincing. Frankopan tries to demonstrate this notion of diverse roads in twenty- five thematic chapters, correcting the imbalanced Eurocentric perspective that has thoroughly dominated the writing of world history. In such histories, the Middle hemisphere, in contrast to the Eastern and Western hemispheres, is “orientalized” and “othered”, described purely to highlight the dangers faced by traders from the West who wished to access Middle and Eastern hemispheres.
[Show full text]
Hyecho's Journey: a Reflection on the 2017 Inaugural Public Lecture by Professor Donald Lopez at the University of Toronto
Canadian Journal of Buddhist Studies ISSN 1710-8268 https://thecjbs.org/ Number 13, 2018 Hyecho’s Journey: A Reflection on the 2017 Inaugural Public Lecture by Professor Donald Lopez at the University of Toronto Crystal Marie Beaudoin McMaster University Copyright Notice: Digital copies of this work may be made and distributed provided no change is made and no alteration is made to the content. Reproduction in any other format, with the exception of a single copy for private study, requires the written permission of the author. Hyecho’s Journey: A Reflection on the 2017 Inaugural Public Lecture by Professor Donald Lopez at the University of Toronto Crystal Marie Beaudoin MCMASTER UNIVERSITY On the 17th of April, 2017, The Robert H. N. Ho Family Foundation Centre for Buddhist Studies at the University of Toronto hosted its inaugural public lecture. The speaker was Professor Donald S. Lopez Jr., Arthur E. Link Distinguished University Professor of Buddhist and Tibetan Studies in the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of Michigan. The title of his lecture was “Hyecho’s Journey: The World of Buddhism.” This is also the title of Dr. Lopez’s book, which will publish in October of 2017. Hyecho was a young Buddhist monk who traveled west from the kingdom of Silla to China, Southeast Asia, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. He was likely born between 700-704 CE. His travel memoir was among the many documents found at Dunhuang in Northwest China in the early twentieth century, and it was titled “Memoir of a Pilgrimage to the Five Regions of India.” He was not as famous as other pilgrims, such as Yijing, Faxian, and Xuanzang, nor was he an eminent monk or scholar.
[Show full text]
Central Asia and the Republic of Korea: a Sketch on Historical Relations
ACTA VIA SERICA Vol. 4, No. 2, December 2019: 119–128 doi:10.22679/avs.2019.4.2.006 Central Asia and the Republic of Korea: A Sketch on Historical Relations BAKHROM ABDUKHALIMOV NATALIA KARIMOVA This paper attempts to reveal little-known pages from the history of relations between the peoples of Central Asia and Korea based on materials derived from written sources and modern scientific literature, as well as from medieval wall paintings from the early medieval Afrasiab Palace of Varhuman, the ruler of Samarkand, and from stone sculptures of Sogdian figures contained in Silla royal tombs. Korea’s interest in the western lands led to its contact with Buddhism, which spread and later flourished in all three Korean kingdoms (Koguryo, Paekche and Silla). The spread of Buddhism in turn motivated a number of Korean monks to undertake pilgrimages to India via Central Asia. Hyecho, a young Silla pilgrim, left evidence of his journey via the South China Sea to India in 723 AD. Paul Pelliot discovered a report from Hyecho’s journey entitled Notes on Pilgrimage to Five Regions in India (Wang Wu Tianzhuguo zhuan) in the Dunhuang caves in 1908. Hyecho’s contributions are worthy of attention, substantially complementing knowledge available for this little-studied period in the history of South and Central Asia. The information contained in Hyecho’s manuscript is, in fact, considered the most significant work of the first half of the 8th century. Research regarding the relationship between Central Asia and Korea remains underdeveloped. Existing historical evidence, however, including BAKHROM ABDUKHALIMOV ([email protected]) is the vice president of the Academy of Sciences, Uzbekistan.
[Show full text]
Islamic Da'wa in Korea: a Study of Koreans' Religious Conversion To
This material has been provided by Asbury Theological Seminary in good faith of following ethical procedures in its production and end use. The Copyright law of the united States (title 17, United States code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyright material. Under certain condition specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to finish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. By using this material, you are consenting to abide by this copyright policy. Any duplication, reproduction, or modification of this material without express written consent from Asbury Theological Seminary and/or the original publisher is prohibited. Contact B.L. Fisher Library Asbury Theological Seminary 204 N. Lexington Ave. Wilmore, KY 40390 B.L. Fisher Library’s Digital Content place.asburyseminary.edu Asbury Theological Seminary 205 North Lexington Avenue 800.2ASBURY Wilmore, Kentucky 40390 asburyseminary.edu Abstract of ISLAMIC DA'WA IN KOREA: A STUDY OF KOREANS' RELIGIOUS CONVERSION TO ISLAM TAKING PLACE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY Sungsu Park As a missionary religion, Islam has expanded its religious boundaries to the world beyond the Arabian Peninsula since the beginning of Muhammad's religious movement.
[Show full text]
Korean Buddhist Culture
10 COLLECTED WORKS OF KOREAN BUDDHISM 10 MONUMENTS, AND EMINENT MONKS MONUMENTS, OF A PILGRIMAGE, ACCOUNTS CULTURE BUDDHIST KOREAN 文化文化 KOREANKOREAN BUDDHIST BUDDHIST CULTURE CULTURE ACCOUNTSACCOUNTS OF OF A PILGRIMAGE,PILGRIMAGE, MONUMENTS, AND EMINENT MONKS MONUMENTS, AND EMINENT MONKS SEM VERMEERSCH MICHAEL FINCH WEGEHAUPT MATTY WHITFIELD (EDITOR) RODERICK COLLECTED WORKS OF KOREAN BUDDHISM VOLUME 10 文化 KOREAN BUDDHIST CULTURE ACCOUNTS OF A PILGRIMAGE, MONUMENTS, AND EMINENT MONKS Collected Works of Korean Buddhism, Vol. 10 Korean Buddhist Culture: Accounts of a Pilgrimage, Monuments, and Eminent Monks Edited by Roderick Whitfield Translated by Matty Wegehaupt, Michael Finch, and Sem Vermeersch Published by the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism Distributed by the Compilation Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought 45 Gyeonji-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-170, Korea / T. 82-2-725-0364 / F. 82-2-725-0365 First printed on June 25, 2012 Designed by ahn graphics ltd. Printed by Chun-il Munhwasa, Paju, Korea © 2012 by the Compilation Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought, Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism This project has been supported by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Republic of Korea. ISBN: 978-89-94117-14-0 ISBN: 978-89-94117-17-1 (Set) Printed in Korea COLLECTED WORKS OF KOREAN BUDDHISM VOLUME 10 文化 KOREAN BUDDHIST CULTURE ACCOUNTS OF A PILGRIMAGE, MONUMENTS, AND EMINENT MONKS EDITED BY RODERICK WHITFIELD TRANSLATED AND ANNOTATED BY MATTY WEGEHAUPT MICHAEL FINCH SEM VERMEERSCH i Preface to The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism At the start of the twenty-first century, humanity looked with hope on the dawning of a new millennium. A decade later, however, the global village still faces the continued reality of suffering, whether it is the slaughter of innocents in politically volatile regions, the ongoing economic crisis that currently roils the world financial system, or repeated natural disasters.
[Show full text]
Donald S. Lopez, Jr., Hyecho's Journey
label of “Xiongnu” upon these earrings. In fact, even if that grasp is to some degree deceptive in after twenty-one pages of detailed discussion of the end. This is ironic, for, more than any other an- steppe and sedentary interactions, dragon motifs, alytical approach, Whitfield’s focus on material the ubiquity of belt plaques, and gender roles, the objects would appear on the surface to be rooted in only firm conclusion she is willing to offer her more “tangible” interpretive prisms than any other. readers is that these earrings were “an indication And yet rarely does the reader emerge from any of wealth and status.” chapter with the ability to say much of anything Such candor is refreshing. But it can also be quite definite about the object on display beyond what jarring for readers accustomed to Silk Road narra- might be stated in a simple two or three sentence tives that take refuge in more definite and familiar caption. In that sense, we might characterize this interpretive prisms, such as politics and religion. book as offering its readers more a rich and event- Anchoring one’s narrative in the history of the ful journey than a destination. Each chapter can Kushan or Tang dynasties or the spread of Bud- stand more or less on its own, without reference to dhism and Manichaeism may not represent a very the other chapters. And there is no conclusion— novel approach, but readers of such narratives are after ten chapters and ten objects, the journey sim- likely to come away with a more definite grasp of ply ends.
[Show full text]
Śarīra and Scepter. Empress Wu's Political Use of Buddhist Relics
JIABS Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies Volume 25 Number 1-2 2002 Buddhist Histories Richard SALOMON and Gregory SCHOPEN On an Alleged Reference to Amitabha in a KharoÒ†hi Inscription on a Gandharian Relief .................................................................... 3 Jinhua CHEN Sarira and Scepter. Empress Wu’s Political Use of Buddhist Relics 33 Justin T. MCDANIEL Transformative History. Nihon Ryoiki and Jinakalamalipakara∞am 151 Joseph WALSER Nagarjuna and the Ratnavali. New Ways to Date an Old Philosopher................................................................................ 209 Cristina A. SCHERRER-SCHAUB Enacting Words. A Diplomatic Analysis of the Imperial Decrees (bkas bcad) and their Application in the sGra sbyor bam po gnis pa Tradition....................................................................................... 263 Notes on the Contributors................................................................. 341 SAR IRA AND SCEPTER: EMPRESS WU’S POLITICAL USE OF BUDDHIST RELICS* JINHUA CHEN Introduction ....................................................................................... 33 (I) The Veneration of the Famensi Relic between 659 and 662 ............ 37 (II) The “Discovery” of the Guangzhai Relics in 677 and Their Distribu- tion in 678 ................................................................................... 48 (III) Empress Wu’s Relic Veneration in the Early Period of Her Reign (690-694) ...................................................................................
[Show full text]