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Journal of Ukrainian Studies 8 : JOURNAL OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES Bohdan Strumins'kyj: The Populists’ Influence on Ukrainian Grammar Auffpiu ropHsiTtceeuH: yKpaiHCLKHH npaBonnc: 1928 vs. 1960 Ramsay Cook: William Kurelek: A Prairie Boy’s Visions Valentyna Fedorenko: Life at Kharkiv University Today H. Hryhoriak: Reflections on the “Identifications” Conference Izop IIoMepam(/6e SaMicTb pei^ensii Guides to Research Book Reviews Letters SPRING yKPAIHOShlABmiX GTyAm EDITORIAL COMMITTEE University of Toronto MARCO CARYNNYK VIVIAN OLENDER NADIA DIAKUN ROMAN SENKUS, Managing Editor FACULTY ADVISOR: Professor GEORGE S. N. LUCKYJ EDITORIAL BOARD: J. Marko Bojcun, York University • Yury Boshyk, University of Toronto • Konstantin Huytan, University of London • Oleh Ilnytzkyj, Harvard University • Bohdan Krawchenko, University of Alberta • George Liber Columbia University • Andrij Makueh, Univer- sity of Alberta • Bohdan Mytrowytch, Universite de Paris • Professor Peter J. Potichnyj, McMaster University • Professor Ivan L. Rudnytsky, University of Alberta • Professor Orest H. T. Rudzik, University of To- ronto • Professor Roman Serbyn, Universite du Quebec a Montreal • Myroslav Shkandrij, University of Calgary • Professor Danylo H. Struk, University of Toronto. The Journal of Ukrainian Studies (formerly Journal of Ukrainian Graduate Studies) is published semiannually, in the spring and fall, by the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Annual subseription rates are $5.00 for individuals and $7.00 for libraries and institutions. Cheques and money orders are payable in Canadian or American funds only to Journal of Ukrainian Studies. Please do not send cash. Subscribers outside Canada: please pay in U.S. funds. The Journal publishes articles on Ukrainian-related subjects in the humani- ties and social sciences. The criterion for acceptance of submissions is their scholarly contribution to the field of Ukrainian studies. The Journal also publishes translations, doeuments, information, book reviews, letters and journalistic articles of a problem-oriented, controversial nature. Those wishing to submit manuscripts should observe the guidelines on the inside back cover. Manuscripts, books for review, and all correspondence regarding sub- scriptions, changes of address, and editorial matters should be sent to: Journal of Ukrainian Studies, Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, M5S lAl. @ 1980 by the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Typesetting by Harmony Printing Limited, Toronto, Canada. Printed by the University of Toronto Press. ISSN 0701-1792 : 5 JOURNAL OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES Spring 1980 Volume 5, Number 1 ARTICLES Bohdan Strumins'kyj: The Influence of Populists on Ukrainian Grammar: The Plight of Active-Present Adjectival Participles in Ukrainian 3 Auffpiu ropHRTfceeuH yKpamcLKHH npaBomic : 1928 vs. 1960 1 Ramsay Cook: William Kurelek: A Prairie Boy’s Visions 33 Valentyna Fedorenko: Life at Kharkiv University Today 49 H. Hryhoriak: “Identifications: Ethnicity and the Writer in Canada”: Some Impressions and Reflections 56 Izop TIoMepuHV/ee: SaMicTt pei;eH3ii 63 GUIDES TO RESEARCH The Public Record Office: An Important Source for Archival Materials on Ukraine (Lubomyr Y. Luciuk) 74- REVIEWS V. K. Prokopovych. Vichne piddanstvo (Orest Subtelny) 81 Stefan Kozak. U zrodel romantyzmu i nowozytnej mysli spofecznej na Ukrainie (George S. N. Luckyj) 82 Helene Carrere d’Encausse. L’Empire Eclate: La Revoke des Nations en URSS/Decline of an Empire: The Soviet Socialist Republics in Revolt. (Ivan Jaworsky) 83 Izrail Kleiner. Natsionalni problemy ostannoi imperii (Myroslav Yurkevich) 85 Donald Avery. “Dangerous Foreigners”: European Immigrant Workers and Labour Radicalism in Canada, 1896-1932 (Orest Martynowych) 87 John Kolasky. The Shattered Illusion: The History of Ukrainian Pro-Communist Organizations in Canada (Andrij Makuch) 91 Ukrainskyi pravozakhysnyi rukh: Dokumenty i materiialy Kyivskoi Ukrainskoi Hromadskoi Hrupy Spryiannia Vykonanniu Helsinkskykh Uhod (Lubomyr Szuch) 95 Studia Ucrainica, volume 1 (HpocjiaB Xapuyn) 98 lu. Semenko, ed. Pamkati V. A. Dolenka (W. Roman Petryshyn) 102 LETTER 106 BOOKS RECEIVED 107 Journal CONTRIBUTORS Ramsay Cook is a professor of Canadian history at York University in Toronto, He is the author of The Maple Leaf Forever: Essays on Na- tionalism and Politics in Canada and Canada and the French-Canadian Question. Valentyna Fedorenko emigrated from the USSR to Israel in 1975. She now lives in California and is writing a Ph.D. dissertation on Mykola Khvylovy for the University of Jerusalem. Andrij Hornjatkevyc is an assistant professor of Ukrainian language and Slavic linguistics at the University of Alberta and special assistant to the director of the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. H. Hryhoriak is a poet, journalist and student of literature. Igor Pomerantsev is a Russian writer born in 1948 in Saratov. In 1970 he completed his studies in English at Chernivtsi University and worked as a teacher in the Carpathian village of Seliatyn. From 1972 until his emigration in August 1978 he lived in Kiev and became active in the defense of political prisoners. He now lives in West Germany. FROM THE EDITORS This is the first issue of the Journal appearing under its new name, the Journal of Ukrainian Studies. After some deliberation, it was decided that the new name would correspond better to the Journal’s character. We publish contributions written not only by graduate students, but also by junior and senior academics, independent scholars, undergraduate students, writers and journalists. To many of our readers, the old name seems to have implied that we restrict the pages of our Journal only to graduate-student contributions. Although providing graduate students of Ukrainian studies with a forum in which they can publish their work continues to be one of the central aims of the Journal, to restrict ourselves only to such contributions would be unrealistic. The number of people pursuing Ukrainian studies on the graduate level is small and gradually decreasing. The new name will, it is hoped, give the Journal more flexibility: while continuing to provide graduate students with a forum, it may encourage all these interested in Ukrainian studies to submit their contributions. }KypHaji Bohdan Strumins’kyj THE INFLUENCE OF POPULISTS ON UKRAINIAN GRAMMAR: THE PLIGHT OF ACTIVE-PRESENT ADJECTIVAL PARTICIPLES IN UKRAINIAN W pismie polonistow czytaiem kiedys artykui zakoriczony nast^pujqco: “Nie! Imieslow . nie dose jeszcze znany jest narodowi. I nad tym trzeba si^ powaznie zastanowic, poki nie jest za poz'no. Julian Tuwim, “Przebiyski genialnosci,” 1932-47. Ukrainian is the only language among its Slavic neighbours lacking active-present adjectival participles. The form in -cyj that look like participles are syntactically adjectives; that is, they cannot be used with syntactical objects in the broad sense of the word. It is possible to say, for example, isnujuca systema, ‘‘the existing sys- tem,” but not systema, isnujuca v SSSR, “the system existing in the USSR.” Also, no participle-like adjectives can be formed from reflexive verbs, because the reflexive -sja in them is a syntactical object in historical terms, and objects should not follow adjectives. Therefore, the expression “developing countries,” which is trans- lated as razvivajusciesja strany or kraje rozwijajgce sig into Rus- sian and Polish respectively, must be transformed into a peri- phrastic krajiny na Mjaxu wzvytku in Ukrainian. This makes Ukrainian similar to French, where reflexive adjectival participles are also impossible and the expression in question is worded, as in Ukrainian, les pays en voie de developpe- ment. The reasons for this similarity have a lot in common in both languages, but there is also an important difference. Both Ukrai- nian and French initially simplified the old declinable active-pres- ent participles—Old Ukrainian or Latin respectively—into inde- clinable ones. In French they changed into uniform -ant participles in the tenth century;^ in Ukrainian they changed into uniform -cy participles by the fourteenth century.^ Then declension reappeared in both languages under the influence of prestigious languages. In French this happened in the thirteenth century under the in- ^ A. Mercier, Histoire des participes franqais (Paris, 1879), pp. 6-7. ^ A. A. Potebnia, Iz zapisoh po russkoi grammatike, vols. 1-2 (Mos- cow, 1958), p. 187; I. M. Kernytsky, Systema slovozminy v ukrainskii movi (Na materialakh pamiatok XVI st.) (Kiev, 1967), p. 267. 3 ; Journal fluence of Latin, and the -ant participles assumed gender and num- ber desinences (-e, -z/ -s);^ in Ukrainian the -cy participles changed into declinable adjectival -cyj participles in the fifteenth century, probably under the influence of Polish.^ Polish dialects show the same inclination towards the lack of adjectival active participles as the old French dialects did and as the Ukrainian dialects do;® but literary Polish has never lost active-present adjectival parti- ciples,® which surely has to be explained by the influence of Latin. Meanwhile, the Church Slavonic adjectival participles of the present tense continued to be used in religious texts in Ukraine, either in a short or in a long form (for example, zyvusc or zyvuscij, “living”). From those texts they often penetrated into the secular language.^ The first grammarian of the Ukrainian language, Ivan Uzhevych, who was educated in France, distinguished those Sla- vonic forms from Ukrainian ones in 1643
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