Program Notes
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10-31 Les Arts.qxp_GP 10/21/15 1:18 PM Page 1 Saturday Evening, October 31, 2015, at 7:00 Pre-concert lecture by Benjamin Sosland at 6:00 in the Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse Theodora Les Arts Florissants William Christie, Musical Director and Conductor Katherine Watson, Theodora Stéphanie d’Oustrac, Irene Philippe Jaroussky, Didymus Kresimir Spicer, Septimius Callum Thorpe, Valens Sean Clayton, Messenger HANDEL Theodora (1750) This performance is approximately 2 hours and 50 minutes long, including intermission. Please join the artists in the Alice Tully Hall lobby immediately following the performance for a White Light Lounge. This concert version of Theodora is based on the production of the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées (Paris). This performance is also part of the Great Performers Chamber Orchestras series. (Program continued) This performance is made possible in part by the Josie Robertson Fund for Lincoln Center. Alice Tully Hall, Starr Theater Please make certain all your electronic devices Adrienne Arsht Stage are switched off. WhiteLightFestival.org 10-31 Les Arts.qxp_GP 10/21/15 1:18 PM Page 2 BNY Mellon is Lead Supporter of Great Performers. Upcoming White Light Festival Events: Support for Great Performers is provided by Sunday Afternoon, November 1, at 5:00 in Rita E. and Gustave M. Hauser, The Florence Gould Alice Tully Hall Foundation, Audrey Love Charitable Foundation, Prayer Great Performers Circle, Chairman’s Council, and Christine Brewer , Soprano Friends of Lincoln Center. Paul Jacobs , Organ Works by HANDEL, BACH, PUCCINI, GOUNOD, Public support is provided by the New York State and WIDOR; works for solo organ Council on the Arts. Saturday Afternoon, November 7, at 4:00 in the Endowment support for Symphonic Masters is Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse provided by the Leon Levy Fund. White Light Conversation: Language and Human Consciousness Endowment support is also provided by UBS. John Schaefer , Moderator With Joan La Barbara , Colum McCann , Steven MetLife is the National Sponsor of Lincoln Center. Pinker , and Gary Tomlinson Performance extract of Gare St. Lazare Ireland’s Artist Catering provided by Zabar’s and zabars.com work in progress of How It Is by Samuel Beckett, performed by Conor Lovett, with director Judy Hegarty Lovett Saturday Evening, November 14, at 7:30 in Alice Tully Hall Last Soliloquy Paul Lewis , Piano ALL-BEETHOVEN PROGRAM Sonata No. 30 in E major, Op. 109 Sonata No. 31 in A-flat major, Op. 110 Sonata No. 32 in C minor, Op. 111 For tickets, call (212) 721-6500 or visit WhiteLightFestival.org. Call the Lincoln Center Info Request Line at (212) 875-5766 to learn about program cancellations or to request a White Light Festival brochure. Visit WhiteLightFestival.org for full festival listings. Join the conversation: #LCWhiteLight We would like to remind you that the sound of coughing and rustling paper might distract the performers and your fellow audience members. In consideration of the performing artists and members of the audience, those who must leave before the end of the performance are asked to do so between pieces. The taking of photographs and the use of recording equipment are not allowed in the building. 10-31 Les Arts.qxp_GP 10/21/15 1:18 PM Page 3 HANDEL Theodora (1750) PART I Ouverture Recitative: ’Tis Diocletian’s natal day Air: Go, my faithful soldier, go Chorus: And draw a blessing down Recitative: Vouchsafe, dread sir, a gracious ear Air: Racks, gibbets, sword, and fire Chorus: For ever thus stands fixed the doom Recitative: Most cruel edict! Air: The rapture’d soul defies the sword Recitative: I know thy virtues Air: Descend, kind pity, heav’nly guest Recitative: Tho’ hard, my friends Air: Fond, flatt’ring world, adieu! Recitative: O bright example of all goodness! Air: Bane of virtue Chorus: Come, mighty father Recitative: Fly, fly, my brethren Air: As with rosy steps the morn Chorus: All pow’r in heav’n above Recitative: Mistaken wretches! Air: Dread the fruits of Christian folly Recitative: Deluded mortal! Accompagnato: O worse than death indeed! Air: Angels, ever bright and fair Recitative: Unhappy, happy crew! Air: Kind heav’n, if virtue be thy care Recitative: O love, how great thy pow’r! Chorus: Go, gen’rous, pious youth Intermission PART II Recitative: Ye men of Antioch Chorus: Queen of summer, queen of love Air: Wide spread his name Recitative: Return, Septimius Chorus: Venus, laughing from the skies Symphony Recitative: O thou bright sun! Air: With darkness deep as is my woe Symphony Recitative: But why art thou disquieted, my soul Air: Oh, that I on wings could rise Recitative: Long have I known Air: Tho’ the honors that Flora and Venus receive (Program continued) WhiteLightFestival.org 10-31 Les Arts.qxp_GP 10/21/15 1:18 PM Page 4 Recitative: O save her then Air: Deeds of kindness to display Recitative: The clouds begin to veil the hemisphere Air: Defend her, heav’n Recitative: Or lulled with grief Air: Sweet rose and lily, flow’ry form Recitative: O save me, heav’n Air: The pilgrim’s home, the sick man’s health Accompagnato: Forbid it, heav’n! Recitative: Or say, what right have I Duet: To thee, thou glorious son of worth Recitative: ’Tis night, but night’s sweet blessing Chorus: He saw the lovely youth PART III Air: Lord, to thee, each night and day Recitative: But see the good, the virtuous Didymus! Air: When sunk in anguish and despair Chorus: Blest be the hand Recitative: Undaunted in the court Accompagnato: O my Irene, heav’n is kind Duet: Whither, princess, do you fly Recitative: She’s gone, disdaining liberty and life Air: New scenes of joy come crowding on Recitative: Is it a Christian virtue, then…Be that my doom Air: From virtue springs each gen’rous deed Recitative: ’Tis kind, my friends Chorus: How strange their ends Recitative: On me your frowns Air: Ye ministers of justice Recitative: And must such beauty suffer! Air: Streams of pleasure ever flowing Duet: Thither let our hearts aspire Recitative: Ere this their doom is past Chorus: O love divine, thou source of fame 10-31 Les Arts.qxp_GP 10/21/15 1:18 PM Page 5 Snapshot By Ruth Smith Though unsuccessful in its day, Theodora is now recognized as a masterpiece of unique beauty and intensity. Handel’s only dramatic oratorio set in post-biblical times is one of his boldest; it is both spiritually and intellectually challenging, and deeply moving. In fourth- century Antioch, the eastern capital of the ancient Roman empire, Princess Theodora is a leader of the persecuted Christian community. When she refuses to offer a sacrifice to the heathen gods, she is sentenced to serial rape in the public brothel. An officer in the Roman army, Didymus, who has been converted to Christianity by Theodora’s example and is in love with her, attempts to save her. When he is apprehended and tried for treach - ery, she offers to die for him. The oratorio ends with the martyrdom of both hero and hero - ine. With this bleak tragedy Handel, at the age of 65, achieves some of his most vigorous, lyrical, aspirational, and transcendent music. —Copyright © 2015 by Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. WhiteLightFestival.org 10-31 Les Arts.qxp_GP 10/21/15 1:18 PM Page 6 Synopsis Didymus persuades Septimius to let him into Theodora’s cell. Irene leads the threat - By Ruth Smith ened Christians in prayer for Theodora. Didymus enters Theodora’s cell and offers PART I to change clothes with her and take her Valens, governor of Antioch, decrees that place. Refusing such sacrifice, she asks all must offer a sacrifice to the Roman god - that instead he kill her, so preserving her desses in honor of the emperor’s birthday. integrity. He persuades her to trust in God He orders his officer Septimius to ensure and accept his plan. compliance. The populace endorse the decree, but a junior officer, Didymus, asks The Christians hold a vigil for Theodora, that loyal citizens whose conscience pre - and recount the story of Christ’s resuscita - vents them from obeying be excused. tion of the son of the widow of Nain: God’s Valens responds with fierce threats of power can restore even the dead. reprisal, seconded by the populace. Alone with Septimius, Didymus puts the case for PART III freedom of belief. Septimius, sympathetic Theodora returns to the Christians. They but loyal, wishes for a more tolerant world. pray for Didymus. But Theodora is grief- stricken at his endangering his life for her Among the persecuted Christians, Princess own, until news comes that he has been Theodora leads her co-religionists in captured and Valens has changed her sen - renouncing the world. News arrives of tence from prostitution to immediate Valens’s decree. Irene rallies the terrified death. Theodora joyfully goes to offer her - community in affirming their faith. self in Didymus’s place. Septimius comes to arrest them. Theodora declares for Christianity, knowing the risk; In Valens’s court Didymus defends his Septimius has to tell her that her punish - actions. Theodora runs in, demanding that ment is not death but enforced prostitution judgment fall on her. They attempt to per - until she recants. Praying rather to die, suade Valens to let them die for each Theodora is led away. Irene breaks the other. Septimius urges the onlookers to news to Didymus, who vows to rescue her, appeal for clemency, and they are and the Christians pray for him. awestruck, but Valens condemns both prisoners to death, which they welcome in PART II anticipation of a blissful shared immortal - Valens sends Septimius to tell Theodora ity.