The Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin

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The preliminary flood risk assessment in Tana River basin

Table of contents

1 Background ...... 3 2 Description of the river basin ...... 5 2.1 Hydrology ...... 6 2.2 Settled areas and land use ...... 11 2.3 Planning ...... 13 2.4 Protected areas and cultural heritage ...... 14 2.5 Flood protection ...... 16 3 Historical flood information ...... 18 3.1 Observed floods ...... 18 3.2 Ice jams and floods...... 19 3.3 An estimation of damages caused by floods in past nowadays ...... 21 4 Floods and flood risks in the future ...... 22 4.1 Effect of climate change ...... 22 4.2 Effects of other long-term developments on flood risks ...... 23 5 Using GIS-data in flood risk area estimation ...... 25 5.1 Finland ...... 25 5.2 Norway ...... 26 6 Identifying flood risk areas ...... 27 6.1 Empirical knowledge and earlier reports ...... 27 6.2 Flood risk to human health and security...... 27 6.3 Flood risk to essential services for community ...... 28 6.4 Flood risk to environment and cultural heritage ...... 29 6.5 The flood risk caused by water construction structures ...... 30 7 Suggestions for the significant flood risk areas ...... 31 8 Sources ...... 33 9 Annexes ...... 35

Annex 1. Hydrological information Annex 2. Summary, In Inari Sámi Annex 3. Summary, In Skolt Sámi Annex 4. Summary, In North Sámi

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 2 1 Background

Finnish Act for flood risk management (620/2010) and decree on flood risk management (659/2010) came into force in summer 2010. The purpose of the law is to decrease flood risks, to prevent and reduce harmful consequences caused by floods and promote the preparation for floods. Another purpose is to reconcile the flood risk management and other management of the river basin taking the sustainable use of water resources and the needs for environmental protection into account. Besides means of water management attention is especially paid to land use planning, building guidance and rescue services. The goal of flood risk management is to reduce harmful consequences to human health and safety. By the Act and Decree EU's Directive on Floods is implemented in Finland.

The flood risk management consists of preliminary flood risk assessment, nomination of possible significant flood risk areas, preparation of flood hazard and flood risk maps and also preparation of flood risk management plans. In preliminary flood risk assessment (deadline 22.12.2011) areas, that may suffer major damages from flooding, are found out. To those possible significant flood risk areas flood hazard maps and flood risk maps (deadline 22.12.2013) and flood risk management plans (deadline 22.12.2015) are prepared. In flood hazard maps the extent and the water depth of flood are presented by using certain flood frequency. Flood risk map describes possible damages caused by a flood, those damages are for example the amount of inhabitants that suffer from consequences and sites that are harmful for environment. In flood risk management plans the actions that reduce the flood risks are presented. Concerning river floods the flood risk management plans are prepared for river basins where exist one or more possibly significant flood risk area.

The preliminary flood risk assessment creates an important basis for flood risk management. In Finland the preliminary flood risk assessment of river basins and shore areas are taken care by Cen- tres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment (ELY-centre). Municipalities are responsible for assessment of flood risks caused by storm water. According to the Act, the preliminary flood risk assessment is done by using available information about occurred floods and development of climate and hydrology; and also the climate change in future should be taken into account. In assessment information about occurred floods and possible floods in future and their harmful damages are gathered. The preliminary flood risk assessments are based on information that already exist, major new researches aren't done. The preliminary flood risk assessment is done by river basins and the assessment of flood risk from sea flooding is done by ELY-centres' operating regions. The ministry of agriculture and forestry accepts the significant flood risk areas in river basins and shore area by the proposal from ELY-centre.

The goal of the preliminary flood risk assessment is in Finland to find the significant flood risk areas defined in the Finnish Act for flood risk management (620/2010). When estimating the significance of the flood risk area next mentioned from general viewpoint adverse possible consequences caused by flood are taken into account:

1) adverse consequence to human health or security 2) long-term interruption of essential services like water or energy distribution, telecommunica- tions, road traffic or other related services 3) long-term interruption of economical actions that secures the essential services of community 4) long-term or extensive adverse consequence to environment 5) irreparable adverse consequence to cultural heritage

Norway is not included in EU countries, but it belongs to EEA (European Economic Area) via EFTA (European Free Trade Association). EU's Directive on Floods will be implemented in Norway by same timetable as EU countries. Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (MPE) is the state authority concerning

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 3 EU's Directive on Floods. The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE) is an agency of the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy, NVE is responsible for the management of energy and water resources in mainland Norway (Ministry of petroleum and energy 2010). NVE will be also responsible for implementing the EU's directive on Floods. NVE and MPE are currently figuring out how to implement the Directive in Norway.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 4 2 Description of the river basin

The Tana River basin is situated in the northern part of Lapland province in Finland and in the middle part of Finnmark province in Norway. In Finland Tana river basin is part of the Tana-Neiden-Pasvik river basin district and in Norway a part of Finnmark river basin district (Vannregion Finnmark). The Finland's area is divided to the areas of two municipalities, Inari and Utsjoki. In Norway the watershed is divided to the areas of three municipalities, Koutokeino, Karasjok and Tana. The Tana River forms together with its head waters 288 km national frontier between Finland and Norway. The river flows from south to north and the actual River Tana begins from the connection point of the River Inarijoki and the River Karasjohka downstream the Karigasniemi village. The river flows to the Tana fiord and the last 50 km it flows in Norway. Tana watershed (Finland no 68 and Norway no 234) has a total area of 16 389 km2, of which 31 % is in Finland and 69 % in Norway. The lake percentage of the watershed is 3,1.

Between Karigasniemi and the national frontier there is approximately 109 meters fall and from the national frontier to the Arctic Ocean the fall is 15 meters. The river is one of the Europe's most significant rivers of migratory fishes. The river including its tributary is in natural state. (Vesihallitus 1980)

Picture 1.Tana River basin and borders of Sami region in Finland.

There are 15 tributaries, whose catchment area is over 100 km² (Annex 1 table 1), that flow to the main river channel. There are 27 tributaries' tributaries and further more nine rivers that flow to them. All together, there are 52 rivers having the catchment area more than 100 km2 (Anarjohka included as tributary). The most significant rivers of the watershed are Tenojoki, Inarijoki, Utsjoki, Pulmankijoki, Vetsijoki and Kevojoki on the Finnish side and Karasjohka, Valljohka, Gåssjohka and Masjohka on the Norwegian side. The total height of fall in the Tana main channel is 380 m and its biggest rapids are Outakoski, Yläköngäs and Alaköngäs.

On the Finnish side there are 50 lakes and on the Norwegian side 131 lakes, whose area is over 50 hectares. The biggest lakes are Jiesjavri, Iddajavri, Pulmankijärvi, Vetsijärvi, Vuogojavri, Tuolbajavri, Stuorrajavri, Mierasjärvi and Mantojärvi (Annex 1 table 2). Jiesjavri (68 km2) is the biggest lake in

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 5 Finnmark county and is much bigger than the other lakes in the whole catchment area. Most of the lakes are small lakes under 1 km2. There are no regulated lakes or rivers in the Tana River basin.

Picture 2. The biggest rivers and lakes in Tana River basin. 2.1 Hydrology

Tana watershed (68) is divided to nine sub-basins (Finnish division of river basins) (Table 1 and Pic- ture 3), of which each one is divided to 6 to 9 smaller sub-basins. Different system in dividing river basins to sub-basins is used in Norway. On the Norwegian side Tana watershed (no 234) has also separate areas that flows directly to the ocean (Tanafjorden). According to Norwegian watershed system the whole watershed (234) is divided to eight sub-basins (234.1-234.8), that flow to Tanafjorden and eleven sub-basins (234.A-234.L) that flow to the main river.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 6 Table 1. Areas of sub-basins and lake percent. (Ekholm 1993)

F* L Flow* Llow Number Name Lower limit 2 2 [km ] [%] [km ] [%]

68 Tana watershed Pulmankijoki (ml) 14 890,80 3,1 14 890,80 3,1 68.01 Tana lower part Pulmankijoki (ml) 906,17 0,6 14890,8 3,1 68.02 Tana middle part Utsjoki (pl) (Q-998) 7 730,65 3,5 10 863,56 2,1 68.03 Inarijoen a Karasjåkka (pl) (Np) 1 875,12 0,1 3 132,91 0,9 68.04 Inarijoen – Kietsimäjoen va Vuobmaveäijohka (pl) 1 257,79 0,3 1 257,79 0,8 68.05 Pulmankijoen va Teno 754,32 3,9 754,32 3,9 68.06 Vetsijoen va Teno 701,97 6,8 701,97 6,8 68.07 Utsjoki lower part Teno 407,43 1,4 1664,78 2,6 68.08 Utsjoki upper part Kevojärvi 763,15 4,7 763,15 4,7 68.09 Kevojoen va Kevojärvi 494,2 0,5 494,2 0,5 * Total area of the sub-basin, includes both Finland's and Norway's sides, area downstream Finland's border isn't included. low = area and lake percentage of a river basin in its outlet.

Picture 3. Sub-basins in Tana river basin.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 7 There are five continuous water level and six discharge stations in the watershed (Table 3 and Table 4 in Annex 1). The median and extreme values are calculated from the beginning of the measurements to the end of the year 2009. The biggest observed discharges 2735 m3/s in Alaköngäs and 2099 m3/s in Onnelansuvanto are from the year 1968. The discharge 2000 m3/s exceeded last time in Alaköngäs in 2000. The peak discharge occurs usually around May turning to June (Picture 4). The highest autumn discharge, caused by exceptional heavy rains within one day, has been observed in August in

1999, that also resulted the highest water level observed in August N43 + 66,18 m (Picture 5). Because of the extent of the watershed, the hydrological events are slow excluding the floods caused by ice dams. (Pöyry 2006; Alaraudanjoki et al. 2001).

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Picture 4. Annual changes in discharge in Onnelansuvanto (years 1958-2009)

Next picture presents annual changes in water level in Onnelansuvanto. The highest observed spring water levels in Inarijoki Karigasniemi and in Onnelansuvanto occurred in 1984. The highest water level in November (N43 + 66,27 m) has been observed in 1995. Apparently, the high water level in 1995 was caused by ice jam, because discharge in same location was on average level.

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Water levelWater N 62 maximum

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16.March 31.March Date

Picture 5. Annual changes in water level in Onnelansuvanto (years 1958-2009).

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 8 The hydrology is an important aspect that affects the changing of the riverbanks and riverbeds of the Tana River. Flows in the Tana River vary greatly during a twelve month period. Climate is the most important factor affecting these fluctuations. The Tana River basin has little possibility for tackling large flood event, with very few lakes and marshlands connected directly to the watercourse. With few overflow recipients for increased run off, can flood events occur rapidly in the main watercourse. The watercourse has its naturally highest flows during and after the annual spring floods, brought on by snow melts and increased precipitation. The lowest flow regimes occur naturally during winter when precipitation falls only in the form of snow. Such annual changes in flow regimes can cause high erosion rates, particularly in areas with sand and gravel. Flood events can also contribute greatly to increases in erosion and sedimentation.

It rains on average 400 mm in year in Tana River basin (Utsjoki, Patoniva; observations from 1963 to 1981). July and august are the wettest months; March and April are the driest months.

Picture 6. Hydrological measurement network in Tana River basin.

The valley of Tana-Inarijoki is shaped by geological glacier erosion. By crosscut, it is like U –shaped valley. The river flows in many locations about 200-300 meters below surrounding highland. The river has piled up within years huge sand layers; to witch it has dug, by flowing, river terraces to different

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 9 levels. These terraces act as good agricultural and living places. (Monikäyttösuunnitelma 2000) The median elevation within the river basin in 333 m above sea level and approximately 80 % of the area is located between 200 and 450 m above sea level (Pettersson 2002). The highest mountains in the area are Gaissaene and the highest top is Rasti Gaissa (1067 m above sea level) (Hoseth et al. 2004). Differences in altitude in Tana River basin have been presented in next picture.

The Tana River itself is a dynamic watercourse that is almost untouched by anthropogenic impacts. The river course can change remarkably from season to season, catalyzed by the naturally occurring erosion processes that change and sculpt the riverbanks after periods and variations in flow. The riverbanks and sandy riverbeds represent huge sediment sources that can be easily eroded and transported downstream, thus changing the appearance of the river. Erosion of the quarternary sediments deposits is the most important source of sediment transport in the river.

According to the Finnish groundwater -data there are 109 groundwater areas in total within the Finnish side of the river basin. Three of the areas belong to class I, two to class II and the rest to the class III.

Picture 7. Altitude differences in Tana River basin.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 10 2.2 Settled areas and land use

The watershed spreads out to the municipalities of Inari and Utsjoki on the Finnish side (Picture 8) and to the municipalities Kautokeino, Karasjok and Tana on the Norwegian side. In the end of the 2009, there lived 1300 persons on Finnish side and 5900 people on Norwegian side of the watershed (RHR2009-data, NVE). On the Finnish side, the biggest population center is the town of Utsjoki (Picture 8). In Norway the biggest population centers are Tana, Karasjok and Kautokeino. (Tenojoen monikäyttösuunnitelma 2006)

In Utsjoki municipality the population has centered, besides Utsjoki town, to the area of Finland's and whole EU’s northernmost village Nuorgam and to the area of Karigasniemi village. In addition there are densely population in few other smaller villages and shattered along the shores of Tana. Popula- tion in Inari municipality is mainly centered to towns of Ivalo and Inari and thus only few inhabitants, in Angel village and scattered along River Inarijoki, from Inari municipality lives in the Tana River basin. (Pohjois-Lapin maakuntakaava)

Over 90 % of the watershed's area in Finland is forest and marsh (Table 2). Constructed areas are mainly situated in Utsjoki, Nuorgam and Karigasniemi (Picture 9). The amount of agricultural area is low. The catchment area on the Norwegian side differs a lot in containing much more mountain areas, with altitudes from 500 up to 1000 meters, in the western part of the area. Approximately 40 % of the area contains a mixture of mountain and forest areas. Further, there are big areas of open bogs and wetlands in the inner and upper parts of Karasjok, which leads to a containment of 10 % of mire/bog areas altogether for the Norwegian side.

In next table and picture 9, the land use of the river basin has been presented by CLC2000 –data (Corine Land Cover 2000). The data describes the land use in year 2000. The satellite images and available GIS-data of land use and land cover have been used when producing the CLC2000 data. From Norwegian side it doesn't exist such CLC2000-data that could be used statistically. It has been combined a land use classification similar to European CLC2000-data from Norway, what cab be used as visual purposes (Solbjørg et al. 2010).

Table 2. Land use in Tana river basin. Maa / Pinta-ala / Maankäyttö / Land Cover nivå % Land Areal [ha] Rakennetut alueet / Bebygd og annet opparbeidet areal 1 404 0,27 Maatalousalueet / Jordbruksareal 471 0,09 Suomi/ Metsät sekä avoimet kankaat ja kalliomaat 460 853 89,79 Finland Skog og annen fastmark Kosteikot ja avoimet suot / Myr og våtmark 32 590 6,35 Vesialueet / Vann 17 958 3,50 Suomen puoli yhteensä / Finland totalt 513 276 100.00 Vesialueet / Innsjø 53 219 4,7 Metsät / Skog 552 022 49,2 Maatalousalueet / Dyrket mark 3 501 0,3 Norja/ Suot / Myr 127 850 11,4 Norge Vuoristot / Snaufjell 310 682 27,7 Taajama-alueet / Urbant areal 141 0,0 Jäätiköt / Breareal-glaciers 0 0,0 Muut alueet / Annet areal 63 820 5,7 Norjan puoli yhteensä / Norge totalt 1 111 235 100

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 11

Picture 8. Urban structure, Finnish municipalities and main road network in Tana River basin.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 12

Picture 9. Land use by CLC2000-data in Tana River basin. 2.3 Planning

Regional land use planning

The regional land use plan of North-Lapland covers the whole river basin. Plan has come into force on 28.1.2008.

Master planning

There is one legal master plan around Nuorgam. Master plans of Utsjoki and Karigasniemi are in the administrative court at the moment. The locations having a threat of flood or erosion have been marked in the planning maps. Pulmankijärvi area has own master plan. There are also few shore plans along Tana River. The only one local detailed plan within the area is for the Utsjoki town.

On the Norwegian side there are municipal plans for Tana, Karasjok and Kautokeino municipalities. Plans cover the whole areas of the municipalities. There are at least four master plans within the area: Tana bru, Karasjok centre, Grensen and River Bakiljoki (Alaraudanjoki et al. 2001).

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 13

Picture 10. Planning in Tana River basin. 2.4 Protected areas and cultural heritage

On the Finnish side there are 12 Natura2000 -sites of which 4 are included in the Water Framework Directive's register of protected areas. In protected areas, that have been chosen to the register of protected areas, the maintaining or improving of ecological state of water has a major significance on protection of directly from water dependent environments and species. Only narrow border areas of Pöyrisjärven erämaa-alue (FI 1300103) and Lemmenjoen kansallispuisto (FI 1300201) overlap head- waters of Tana River basin. The areas cover approximately 70 % of the watershed's area (Table 3 and Picture 11). It exist not Natura2000 classification in Norway, but similar classification is under development.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 14 Table 3. Natura2000 –areas (in the Water Framework Directives register of protected areas) and Nor- wegian protected areas in the river basin. Suojelun peruste / Grunn av ID Nimi / Navn Tyyppi / Type beskyttelse River routes, fjell rivers and streams. FI1302001 Kevo SCI and SPA Salmon Habitat types, ao. Fjell rivers and FI1302002 Kaldoaivin erämaa SCI and SPA streams. Fish fauna ao. Salmon. Threatened species. River routes, fjell rivers and streams. FI1302003 Paistunturin erämaa SCI Salmon. FI1302004 Pulmankijärvi SCI Fjell rivers and streams, Salmon.

Øvre Anarjohka Nasjonal- Norja / Norge Nasjonalpark park Norja / Norge Ovdaldasvarri Naturreservat Norja / Norge Harrelv Naturreservat Norja / Norge Tanamunningen Naturreservat Norja / Norge Oahcesaisuolo Naturreservat Norja / Norge Gossjohka Naturreservat

The cultural environment sites, which are taken into account in this report are presented in next picture and the amounts of different sites are presented in table 4. It has been found several monuments of antiquity along the shores of Tana and Utsjoki. From the Finnish side of the watershed, it has been found approximately 400 finding. The church of Utsjoki belongs to the protected churches. Angel village, Lake Mantojärvi, old fishermen huts of Lohisaari, group of buildings in Välimaa, Dalvadas village, cultural landscape of Utsjoki, the post path of Utsjoki and Nivajoki-Alajalve road belong to the Finnish constructed cultural environment 1993 sites (RKY 1993).

In 2009, a new inventory about constructed cultural environment sites (RKY 2009) was finished in Finland. Angel village and old fishermen huts of Lohisaari aren't included in the new inventory, but all other sites from year's 1993 inventory are included. Also couple of new sites (boundary stones of Strömstad peace and some historical sites related to reindeer herding) are included in the new inventory.

On the Norwegian side there are approximately 280 old cultural sites (hunting hollows, sacrificial stones and places etc.) and 230 buildings of cultural historical interest (buildings that are built before 1945).

Table 4. Cultural heritage on the Finnish side of the river basin Type of culture heritage Amount in the river basin Protected church 1 (Utsjoki church) Other protected site 3 areas, in which in total 17 buildings World Heritage site no sites Monuments of antiquity 388 sites RKY 2009 15 sites

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 15

Picture 11. Protected areas and cultural heritage sites in Tana River basin. 2.5 Flood protection

There aren't any major flood protection structures but some erosion protection structures have been built (Ollila et al. 2000). A flood protection structure has been built in the estuary of Vetsijoki to protect the villagers from floods (Lundvall et al. 2001). Couples of properties, approximately 2,5 km towards Utsjoki from Nuorgam, have been protected by improving the discharge capability of nearby flowing small river because of ice problems in 1999.

On the Norwegian side of the main border river, it has been built erosion-protecting structures in total of 8800 meter. Along the river Karasjohka, from Karasjok to the connection with the main river, it has been built rip-rap constructions of a total of 13600 meters. Some of them around Karasjok settlement are made as combinations of flood protection and erosion protection constructions. Along the main river from Polmak to the outlet of the river on the only Norwegian part of the river there is built altogether 22800 meters with rip-rap constructions.

There are lots of overburden deposits and several active erosion banks. Erosion protection structures have been built to critical locations, where are settlement or active agriculture, but only to a short part

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 16 of the riverside. At state's expense in Finland it has been built bank protection structures in total 10 490 meters. In years 1976-1994 following locations have been protected: Ailigasniemi, Nuvvusjokisuu, Teppanansaari, Nilijoki, Aittijoki, Nuorpiniemi, Reisti, Rovisuvanto, Nuorgam, Polvarinniemi, Inarijoki, Savikoste, Vetsijoki and Ylä-Pulmankijoki. (Monikäyttösuunnitelma 2000)

The watershed model of Tana, developed by authorities of Finland and Norway, was tested first time in 2004. The model describes the hydrologic cycle and the water flow in rivers and lakes. From calculated watershed forecasts among other things, flood risk and timing of ice dam formation can be estimated. (Monikäyttösuunnitelma 2000)

It has not been researched the possibilities to store floodwater in the watershed. Because of the to- pography of the river basin (lots of steep locations) there are almost none large retention areas for floodwater.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 17 3 Historical flood information 3.1 Observed floods

Floods in Tana River basin usually are spring floods during the time of ice break-up. Usually damages to buildings are minor or there are no damages at all, even if discharges are high, because the main channel of Tana River is wide and steep. The biggest damages are caused to the bridges and roads when the flood erodes riverbanks and ice blocks are pushed by the flow on roads. (Ollila ym. 2000)

The biggest flood in Polmak occurred in 1920, when discharge was 3844 m3/s (Table 5) (instantane- ous peak discharge 3866 m3/s). According to Norwegian frequency analysis the biggest discharge occurred in Polmak corresponds a flood, which have a 1/100 year return period (Pettersson 2002). In Karigasniemi the biggest flood happened in 1981, when discharge was 1300 m3/s which corresponds with a once in hundred years flood. (Alaraudanjoki et al. 2001) Water level at the same time was around N43 +127,48 m. Next picture presents the high discharges and high water levels yearly in On- nelansuvanto from the year 1958 to the year 2009. The highest water levels have been observed in 1968, 1970, 1984 and 1999. In 19681 spring came late and snow melt in May. High water levels in 19702 and 19993 were caused by ice jam. In autumn 1998 ice break-up caused an ice jam, which reached the bottom of the river. The ice jam caused in spring 1999 a big flood to the estuary of the Utsjoki (Monikäyttösuunnitelma 2000). 13 estates suffered damages, which were in total a little bit over 260 000 €. High water level in 19844 was caused together by fast melting of snow and ice jams. 8 estates suffered damages of the spring flood occurred in 2000, when the discharge was high because of rains and melting of snow.

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1958 2008 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Onnelansuvanto HQ Onnelansuvanto HW

Picture 12. Maximum discharges (HQ) and maximum water levels (HW)yearly in Onnelansuvanto.

1 Hydrologinen yleiskatsaus 1967-1968. http://www.miljo.fi/default.asp?contentid=22800&lan=fi 2 Hydrologinen yleiskatsaus 1969-1970. http://www.miljo.fi/default.asp?contentid=22793&lan=fi 3 Hydrologinen kuukausitiedote toukokuu 1999. http://www.miljo.fi/default.asp?contentid=107378&lan=fi 4 Hydrologinen yleiskatsaus 1984-1986. http://www.miljo.fi/default.asp?contentid=20066&lan=fi

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 18 In 1959 there was a big flood in Karasjok village. The flood was mainly caused by a big ice jam at Ajunjarg. Big areas of the settlement and many buildings and important infrastructure were affected by the flood. Over 700 people were evacuated from their homes. In 1968 there was also a big flood in Karasjok village. Many buildings and homes were affected by the flood. The flood was caused by an ice dam possible in combination with a flood discharge. The flood discharge in the river was the highest in Karasjok this year since 1920. There was also a flood in 1938 who affected serious the settlement in the village. It is described that the big floods in 1938, 1959 and 1968 in combinations with ice dams and ice breaks caused damages further down in the Tana river but this is poor verified. It is eventually necessary to get more information in these cases.

Table 5. Maximum discharges in Norwegian station Polmak nye (years 1911-2001) (Pettersson 2002) Virtaama / Vannføring [m3/s] Päivä / Dato Virtaama /Vannføring [m3/s] Päivä / Dato 3844 21.5.1920 2490 19.6.1927 3429 13.6.1917 2485 19.5.1984 3208 8.6.1968 2317 25.5.1981 2833 15.6.1932 2279 14.5.1948 2706 26.5.1978 2265 28.5.1979 2649 22.5.1987 2253 1.6.2000

The importance of heavy rains alone causing damages is not significant in the area, because the amount of built-up areas is low. Floods caused by heavy rains are rare. Continuous longer rain may though increase discharges in tributaries because of increase in runoff caused by big elevation differences and a low amount of lakes and wetlands. Latest flood caused by rain was observed in autumn 3 1999, when the maximum discharge in Karigasniemi was 353 m /s (Water level N43 +126,66 m). That autumn flood was nearly twice as big as earlier measured high discharges. 3.2 Ice jams and floods

Ice characteristics have been measured since 1997 from the outlet up to the lower part of Karasjohka (about 250 km upstream the outlet). The total ice thickness is usually between 80-100 cm at its maximum (late March to beginning of April), and this is quite thick ice compared to most other larger rivers in northern Norway and Finland. Most of the years there are a quite small amount of tertiary ice (developed by snow and water entrance from the underlaying river or rain in the snow cover) on top of the main secondary ice. There are also quite seldom water layers in the river ice profile in Tana. Large amounts of frazil ice build up under the ice cover in some locations like downstream Stor- fossen/Alaköngäs. The most common locations where ice jams have been observed are presented in picture 13. Ice jams have occurred in several locations, where velocity of water is low. The most common locations having ice jams are the Yläköngäs and Alaköngäs. (Alaraudanjoki et al. 2001)

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 19

Picture 13. The locations of observed ice jams.

Tana is the only larger river in both Norway and Finland that runs from south to north. The melting usually starts in the southern and uppermost parts of the river in the spring time. Combined with the relatively thick ice this leads to severe ice jam processes when the large amount of ice moves downstream and meets more stable ice at slow current areas or stops at places where the ice masses are blocked.

Ice jam processes occurs in some kind every year, but the effects differs quite much. Ice jam processes have historically caused at least the same, or even larger, flooding than flooding caused by the spring flood. The flooding from ice jams happens also much faster than regular flooding. The ice break-up usually occurs some days before the maximum spring flood.

The latest years it has been considered indefensible to loosen up the massive ice dams in Tana by mechanical efforts, explosives or other methods. Explosives have been used earlier, and the effect has not been good. Ice dams do mostly loosen up after some few days, when the water pressure from the upside is large enough. The exception is the ice dam occurring almost every year in Stor- fossen/Alaköngäs. Here the ice dam can be stable for a longer period (up to about two weeks).

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 20 The three uppermost and large tributaries Anarjohka, Karasjohka and Iesjohka have different ice break-up processes. There happens to be problems in the lower part of Anarjohka some years and there are often and could be severe ice problems in Karasjohka whereas there are very seldom problems in Iesjohka. The same situation as in Karasjohka happens often along the main river Tana. In the latest years the first problems have occurred in Karasjohka in the Bieskennjarga area, and some days after problems may occur further down along the river system.

It has come up that there is a clear connection between the timing of ice break-up and the magnitude of flood. It has been researched that the later the timing of ice break-up, the greater the risk of damages. The late ice break-ups occur usually during high discharge than earlier ice break-ups. (Alarau- danjoki et al. 2001) 3.3 An estimation of damages caused by floods in past nowadays

Damages caused by floods in past are assumed to be in same level nowadays or even smaller, because of the amount of new buildings is low and those buildings are guided far enough from the shores by the help of planning. In addition, the amount of inhabitants has decreased within the area during last decades and is expected to decrease in the future. In local master plans the areas having a threat of flood or erosion have been marked out quite well, and new buildings are not allowed to be built in those areas. There also is not planning pressures in the area, new building sites are planned near the presence of present buildings in the largest villages (Utsjoki, Nuorgam, Karigasniemi).

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 21 4 Floods and flood risks in the future 4.1 Effect of climate change

Effect of climate change on floods is strongly dependent on characteristics of a river basin. In Lapland, where floods are totally or mainly caused by melting of snow in spring, floods will diminish because of decrease in amount of snow. Such sites are especially the smaller rivers in Northern and Eastern Finland. In the northernmost areas of Lapland the floods are not estimated to diminish significantly on average during 2010-39 (Picture 14). During 2070-99 floods recurring once in hundred years are estimated to diminish. (Veijalainen et al. 2009)

2010-39

Kasvaa Ei merkittävää 2070-99 muutosta (+- 10 %) Pienenee

Keskiarvo Min Maks

Picture 14. the change of hundred years floods during periods 2010-39 and 2070-99 compared to reference period 1971-2000. Median (left), minimum (middle) and maximum (right) of 20 scenarios. Red circle = increasing, green circle = no significant change, blue circle = diminishing. (Source of the picture: Veijalainen et al. 2009)

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 22 In next table the effect of climate change on 100 years flood discharges in the Tana river basin is presented. Median describes the median of the results from 20 climate change scenarios. Minimum and maximum describes the results from minimum and maximum scenarios compared to reference period.

Table 6. Effect of climate change on flood discharge with 1/100 a frequency (Veijalainen 2009). 2010-39* 2070-99* Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Median Median change change change change Inarijoki, Karigasniemi 3.9 -15.1 -6.0 -0.4 -43.8 -17.8 Onnelansuvanto 1.7 -14.1 -6.4 -0.8 -37.1 -15.7 Utsjoki, Patoniva -0.3 -15.7 -8.2 -8.2 -48.5 -25.9 * % change compared to reference period 1972-2000 In recent research (Lotsari et al. 2010) related to climate change and Tana River, it was concluded that future increases in temperature and precipitation together with decreasing snow cover seem to be crucial parameters governing the future floods. According to the study, for the next century spring floods will diminish whereas autumn and winter floods will become more frequent. In addition the spring flood is expected to occur earlier.

In Norwegian climate change research (Dankers & Christensen 2005), it was concluded that the length of the snow-free season is extended in future in Tana River basin. However, other conclusion was that annual maximum amount of snow and the annual peak discharge would increase because of lower temperatures and higher precipitation in springtime. In addition, river discharge is increasing in both summer and winter because of increased precipitation and groundwater storage. The difference between the results in Norwegian and in Finnish researches could be explained by usage of different climate change scenarios. 4.2 Effects of other long-term developments on flood risks

The Lapland provincial program 2007-2010 pursues the municipal center -oriented regional structure. The goal of the provincial program is implemented in the Utsjoki municipality by master planning, where new building is guided to the areas of present smaller villages and village centers. Expansion of settlement along shoreline is tried to be restrained and in addition, the construction to the areas having a threat of flood is prohibited. In the master plans of Nuorgam, Utsjoki and Karigasniemi the floods have been taken into account by giving orders concerning the lowest building elevations.

The lowest building elevation in Tana valley is determined by water level of 1/50 years flood. Because of low lake percentage, one meter is added to the previously mentioned water level value. In determination of accept- able building elevation also a median flood discharge can be used and add two meters to it.

By the 2015 the amount of the permanent inhabitants in the area is decreasing. According to the Fin- nish Statistical center, the population of Utsjoki municipality is estimated to increase after 2015 (Table 7). This trend hardly increases the flood risks in the Tana River basin, because new building can be controlled with planning.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 23 Table 7. Population in the municipalities situated in Tana River basin in 2009 and population forecast to year 2030. Kunta / Kommun 2009 2015 2020 2030 % 2009-2030 Inari 6799 6520 6438 6387 -6.1 Utsjoki 1308 1308 1335 1371 4.8 Tana 2951 2901 2869 2817 -4.5 Karasjok 2786 2744 2755 2825 1.4 Kautokeino 2971 2892 2793 2758 -7.2 Source Finland: Tilastokeskus 2010 Source Norway: Statistisk sentralbyrå Norway 2010, Alternativ MMMM

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 24 5 Using GIS-data in flood risk area estimation 5.1 Finland

GIS-based PFRA-analysis may be used as a tool in Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment (PFRA) when defining low-lying and flood-prone areas. Calculation of PFRA flood prone area (so called generated flood-prone area) is based on upper catchment area, lake percentage and the slope of river. The analysis is defined by river basins, whole river basin will be modelled. The model is calibrated for a flood recurring once in thousand years (0,1 % flood) by using defined discharges and water levels. Flood-prone areas defined in analysis are merged with land use data. That way the possible flood risk areas can be roughly defined. Analysis also makes possible the estimation of climate change effects on flood-prone areas (2007/60/EY; 2 article), the identification of floodplains (4. article) and locate possible retention areas for flood water. By using information about inhabitants and floor area from Finnish building and apartment registry, flood damage potential (so called flood risk squares (250 m x 250 m)) and flood risk areas are calculated. (Table 8).

The produced GIS-data, so called preliminary river basin scaled flood risk map, provides an instrument for identifying the possible significant flood risk areas. The accuracy of the produced map corresponds at highest with small scaled (1:100 000 …. 1: 250 000) general flood hazard map (Sane et al. 2006). The used map scale describes in general level the accuracy of the modelling. Accuracy varies a lot from region to region depending on the used digital elevation model. The biggest source of error of PFRA-analysis is the poor accuracy of the elevation model- however within the produced laser scanned elevation data the accuracy of the elevation models has been improved. If a flood hazard map from a certain area is available, it naturally replaces the PFRA-analysis, because of better accuracy. An important goal in developing has been the cost efficiency: the method should only be based on already available information and it should not unreasonable increase the costs of flood risk management. For example the production of hydraulic models was out of question because of cost and time reasons.

Table 8. Classification of flood risk squares by population and floor area. Risk class Inhabitants / risk-square Floor area / risk-square I > 250 inhabitants Or > 10 000 m2 II 61 – 250 inhabitants Or 2 501 – 10 000 m2 III 10 – 60 inhabitants Or 250 – 2 500 m2 IV < 10 inhabitants And < 250 m2 The information about water levels and discharges used in modelling are based on Finnish observation data from hydrological measurement stations. Observation data may be corrupted or insufficient. Frequency analysis uses the Gumbel –distribution, which commonly speaking gives reliable estima- tions to frequency of water level or discharge when the return period is one hundred years or smaller. However, if the return period is longer than previously mentioned (for example 250 or 1000 years) the estimation given by Gumbel –distribution can’t be taken as a reliable value. That is because very few hydrological stations have observation data from 100 years backwards.

Calculated flooded area used in this report has been modelled using a flood, which return period is 1/1000a. By choosing as big discharge as possible, the effect of ice jams has been taken into account. In addition, when the discharge is big enough, all possible areas possibly threatened by flood are taken into account. However, when estimating the significance of a flood risk area, it must be noted that the model result is only advisory.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 25 5.2 Norway

In Norway the basic idea was to first develop a simple method to calculate the potential maximum rise of water levels in various kinds of rivers. Then use these maximum water level rises to determine the flood water level and interpolating these to a flood plane. Combining this flood plane with the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) makes it possible to find the potentially inundated areas. (Huokuna et al. 2009)

Risk analysis

For flood risk analyses a same kind of risk square method will be used than in Finland, although a different method of weighting will be used. In classification of risk squares (size of a square is 250m x 250m) only inhabitants will be used (Table 9). In Norway it has also been tested to classify risk squares by different limits for the amount of inhabitants, when the flood risk areas that are the most potential rise up clearer. Also cultural heritage and infrastructure are taken into account when identifying flood risk areas.

Table 9. Classification of Norwegian flood risk squares Risk class Inhabitants/risk square 1 > 250 2 60 - 250 3 10 - 60 4 1 - 10 5 < 1

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 26 6 Identifying flood risk areas

In this chapter, the significant flood risk areas estimated by once a thousand years (1/1000 a) flood, are managed. The 1/1000 a flood describes the biggest possible flood. The estimation of the flood bases on the method described in previous chapter. 6.1 Empirical knowledge and earlier reports

In the Finnish report of major floods (Ollila et al. 2000) it is estimated that damages, caused to the buildings by floods in Tana River basin, are very minor. It is estimated that roads and bridges suffer the damages worth of 7,5 million Euros. In estimation the flood frequency of once in 250 years (1/250 a) was used.

There have not been any floods on the Finnish side that have caused such significant damages that are described in the Finnish act for flood risk management (260/2010) 8§, according to available historical information. River floods at some level almost every spring, but major damages to properties occur seldom. Flood damages to buildings have mainly occurred in Niemelä area in Utsjoki and near Nuorgam to few properties.

On the Norwegian side it has been made flood hazard maps for four areas (Karasjok, Polmak, Seida and Bonakas)

No areas are pointed out based when researching historical floods and reports.

6.2 Flood risk to human health and security

Roughly speaking it can be said that the greater the amount of people in flood-prone area the greater the significance of a flood risk area. Amount of old people and patients in hospitals in the flood-prone area increases the significance of a flood risk area, because they are especially vulnerable towards emergency situations because of restricted moving capabilities.

On the Finnish side of river basin, approx. 380 inhabitants are under the flood threat. Approximately 42 000 m2 of floor area is flooded (Table 10). PFRA –analysis of Tana River basin resulted only risk squares to classes IV and III. In total there are 39 risk squares belonging to class III. Major part of existing flood risk squares are scattered along riverside and they don't form any clear flood risk areas.

Table 10.Statistics from PFRA analysis and from the most populated areas in Tana river basin. (RHR2008) Floor area Residential Leisure time Area Inhabitants 2 Buildings Risk squares [m ] buildings buildings Flood prone 380 41 500 610 170 290 341 area (Finland) Nuorgam 70 7 000 50 20 9 20 Utsjoki 30 2 800 30 10 8 14 Karigasniemi 20 1 300 20 8 10 11 On the grounds of the amount of inhabitants and the floor area of the buildings, the Nuorgam village might be a local significant flood risk area. In theory it seems out, that almost whole Nuorgam village is going to be flooded. The model result could be questionable at least for the part of Nuorgam village. Other flood risk areas based on the amount of flood-prone inhabitants and floor area are Utsjoki town, villages of Vetsikko and Karigasniemi and Outakoski-Parsi area.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 27 There are not such locations that might be hard to evacuate in the flood-prone area, excluding the school in Nuorgam. It can be assumed that a school with approximately 15 students is possible to evacuate before the flood reaches the school and also local site-specific flood protections can be used to protect individual buildings.

Harmful effect on human health could be caused if floodwater reaches groundwater wells and con- taminate drinking water. There aren't any groundwater wells in the flood-prone area.

Nuorgam, Utsjoki, Vetsikko, Karigasniemi and Outakoski-Parsi areas are pointed out when assessing flood risks to human health and security 6.3 Flood risk to essential services for community

Essential services for community include whole infrastructure and its maintenance. Besides previously mentioned services includes also such property and economical activity that must be secured in all circumstances. There is not such kind of significant economical activity (like major food industry, pharmaceutical industry, harbours or airports) that secures the essential services for the community under a threat of flooding.

No areas are pointed out when assessing flood risks to economical activity that secures the essential services for the community

Main road network in Tana River basin is presented in picture 8 in chapter 2.2.. In this part, only the road network in Finnish side is observed. Based on map analysis the generated flood threatens approximately 100 kilometers of major road network on Finland's side (Table 11). The elevation of road network is not taken into account, so the lengths of flooded roads are only suggestive. And by closer view it seems out, that in many places water level must rise over 6 meters before it reaches road. It has reported flood on road in Vetsikko in May 2008 and on road between Karigasniemi and Angel in 2005. However, it is not known if the flood has been caused by river or by blockage in culverts.

There are several spots along the road network where inhabitants may get stuck to their homes, because road could be flooded on both sides of the property. That kind of situation is estimated to be very unusual and temporary. There are flood prone roads especially in Nuorgam, Vetsikko, Niemelä in Utsjoki, Mantojärvi and in the area between Nuorpinniemi and estuary of the river Akujoki.

There is not railroads in the river basin.

Table 11. Road network in Tana River basin on the Finnish side. In flood prone area In flood prone area (over 0,5 m water Luokka / Klasse [km] depth) [km] Valtatie / Riksvei 6 4 Kantatie / Fylkes vei 0,1 0,1 Seututie / Kommunal vei 44 40 Yhdystie / Local vei 13 12 Tärkeä yksityistie / Betydelig privat- 0,2 0,1 vei Muu yksityistie / annen privatvei 36 31 Rautatie / jernbane - -

The regional current supply system follows the road network excluding the main grid. Based on the coordinate data, 39 transformers (20 kV) are in the flood-prone area. Considering that at least some of the transformers are attached to the power transmission line supports and are above ground level, the

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 28 amount of the transformers under the threat of flood probably is lower. The transmission of electricity from main grid to the regional current supply system happens in the load dispatching plant in Utsjoki town. The plant is outside the flood-prone area.

Nuorgam, Vetsikko, Niemelä in Utsjoki, Mantojärvi and area between Nuorpinniemi and estuary of the river Akujoki are pointed out when assessing flood risks to infrastructure. 6.4 Flood risk to environment and cultural heritage

Floods are nearly necessary for many habitats in nature, that means that floods harm environment and protected areas only when floodwater contains environmentally harmful ingredients. In this assessment as a flood risk to environment is considered wide spread and long-term harmful consequence. Such consequences may be caused from activities that require environmental permits, like waste water treatment plants or factories. Harmful ingredients from factory may dissolve in flood water and that way transported for example to environmentally protected areas. Harmful liquids may be released from fuel and chemical tanks and from waste water treatment plants. The environmental licensed actors are registered in Finland in VAHTI-database.

In the Tana River basin the only one VAHTI-actor under a threat of flood is Nuorgam wastewater treatment plant. The plant is located between Tana River and Utsjoki-Nuorgam road approximately 70 meters from Tana shoreline. The sewage outlet is in deep part of Tana River approximately 130 m from Finland's shoreline. The sewage treatment plant is dimensioned for 280 inhabitants and it is a biorotor plant. Treated wastewater is pumped to precipitation pond and from there by overflow via the riverbed sewage outlet to Tana River. Aluminium sulphate is used as a chemical coagulant, and it is stored in the wastewater treatment plant. Sewage sludge is not treated in the plant. In the state of emergency it is possible that nutrient, but not toxic water can be released from the plant. (Environ- mental licence 22/2005) However, the flood water level must rise over 6 meters before it reaches the waste water treatment plant. Besides considering that discharge of unrefined wastewater is really small compared to flood discharge of Tana River, it can be assumed that no long-term or widespread adverse consequence is caused if it floods in the wastewater treatment plant.

No areas are pointed out when assessing flood risks to environment.

Old cultural heritage sites may suffer from flooding if the constructions are flooded. In this assessment the flood prone cultural heritage sites are such sites that could suffer damages that are not repairable. Also libraries and valuable archives and collection premises are considered as cultural heritage sites..

Cultural heritage sites within the river basin are presented in chapter 2.4. In total 121 monuments of antiquity are in the generated flooded area. Major part of the monuments of antiquity is dwelling places (shelter floors, depressions etc.) and working and preparation places (hunting pits etc.) from different eras, which may already have been affected by flooding. From year's 2009 inventory of constructed cultural environment sites seven sites are in the generated flood-prone area (based on coordinates). It can be assumed that, the boundary stones of Strömstad peace do not suffer from flooding unless the current is so strong that it moves the stones. Also the museum road in Alaköngäs and the post path of Utsjoki are estimated not to suffer from flooding. By closer view only Dalvadas village and the building group in Välimaa could be in actual threat of flooding and only when the water level rises over 6 meters from median water level.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 29 Table 12. Amount of cultural heritage sites in the flood prone area. Amount in the generated flood Type of culture heritage prone area Protected church no sites Other protected site 2 sites, in which in total 13 buildings World Heritage site no sites Monuments of antiquity 121 sites Constructed cultural environment 2009 7 sites

Dalvadas village and Välimaa are pointed out when assessing flood risks to cultural heritage.

6.5 The flood risk caused by water construction structures

Management of flood risks caused by dams are taken care of by Finnish Dam Safety Act (494/2009) and Decree on Dam Safety (319/2010). Class 1 dams are measured to hold very rare floods (probability of a flood 0,02%-0,01%). It can be assumed that class 2 dams break when probability of a flood is higher than 0,1%. Because of previously mentioned and Finnish Dam Safety Act's 11 § about breaking of a class 2 dam, it is assumed that a significant flood risk is not caused when class 2 dam breaks.

There are not water construction structures that would cause flood risk in Tana River basin.

No areas are pointed out when assessing flood risks caused by water construction structures.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 30 7 Suggestions for the significant flood risk areas

When assessing the possible flood risk areas next mentioned areas were pointed out: Nuorgam, Uts- joki, Vetsikko, Karigasniemi. Outakoski-Parsi (part of Nuorpinniemi-Akujokisuu area), Mantojärvi, Dal- vadas ja Välimaa (Picture 15). Areas that were pointed out are based on rough river basin scaled once in thousand years flood mapping made by Finnish environmental institute.

Nuorgam

There are approximately 50 buildings and 70 inhabitants under a threat of flood in Nuorgam. Besides roadnetwork within the are is almost totally under a threat of flood. There are a school and a wastewater treatment plan on the flood-prone area. Nuorgam area is locally the most significant flood risk area on the Finnish side of Tana river basin according to PFRA-analysis. More specific studies are needed to assess the actual flood risk.

Other areas

Other areas that were pointed out are not so significant as Nuorgam when assessing the significance of a flood risk. It has occurred floods earlier in Niemelä in Utsjoki and according to PFRA-analysis also the main road in threat of flooding. Vetsikko is located in the connection point of Tana River and river Vetsijoki. Vetsikko is low-lying, so the flood risk to inhabitants and main road in the area is possible. In Karigasniemi a place called Old Karigasniemi is under a threat of flood (approx. 30 inhabitants). The center of Karigasniemi is out of flood-prone area. Outakoski-Parsi area is located between Nuorpin- niemi and estuary of river Akujoki. Outakoski-Parsi area was pointed out because of the amount of inhabitants in the flood-prone area and also because of the threat of flood of main road. Dalvadas and Välimaa were pointed out in the assessment of cultural heritage sites. There are also permanent inhabitants in Dalvadas.

Picture 15. Areas and sites that were pointed out when assessing the flood risk areas.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 31 There are not areas that fulfil the requirements of significant flood risk area defined in the Finnish Act for flood risk management (620/2010) 8§ on the Finnish side of Tana river basin.

Centre for Economic development, Transport and the Environment for Lapland suggest no significant flood risk areas are to the Finnish side of the Tana River basin.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 32 8 Sources

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Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 34 9 Annexes

Annex 1. Hydrological information Annex 2. Summary, In Inari Sámi Annex 3. Summary, In Skolt Sámi Annex 4. Summary, In North Sámi

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 35 Hydrological information Annex 1

(Annex) table 1. Tenojoen vesistöalueen suurimmat joet./ De største elvene i Tanavassdraget. Pituus / Valuma-alueen ala / Height of fall Nimi / Navn Lengde Vassdragets areal 2] [m] [km] [km Tenojoki / Tana 288 16386 380 1 Inarijoki / Anarjohka 85 3 133 98 2 ↑ Båsmusjohka 130 3 ↑ Kietsimäjoki / Skieccanjohka 36 276 95 4 ↑ Assuorgi 29 140 5 ↑ Gåssjohka 75 786 6 ↑ Aibmejohka 106 7 ↑ Vuzzuljohka 107 8 ↑ Iskurasjohka 52 190 9 ↑ Karigasjoki 16 200 113 10 Karasjohka 166 5060 (1788) 11 ↑ Akkanasjohka 42 1100 (229) 12 ↑ Nieidajohka 241 (221) 13 ↑ Suorpmojohka 135 14 ↑ Bavtajohka 64 1481 (568) 15 ↑ Iesjohka 132 2003 16 ↑ Mollesjohka 211 17 ↑ Elv fra Corutjavri (Corotjohka) 125 18 ↑ Elv fra Cuovzajavri (Ragesjohka) 272 19 ↑ Juzejohka 157 20 ↑ Vuottasjohka 301 21 ↑ Astejohka 223 22 ↑ Sadejohka 103 23 ↑ Gæimejohka 29 234 24 Akujoki / Ahkojohka 28 194 245 25 Valjohka 60 551 26 ↑ Govdajohka 113 27 ↑ Astejohka 108 28 Nilijoki 13 137 205 29 Baisjohka 25 135 30 Lævvajohka 34 313 31 Borsejohka 28 239 32 ↑ Mattimus Borsejohka 108 33 ↑ Borsir 181 34 Kuoppilasjoki / Koahppelasavdsejohka 17 102 276 35 Utsjoki (lower and upper part) 56 1 171 214 36 ↑ Kuktsejohka 12 112 116 37 ↑ Tsuoggajohka 31 264 149 38 ↑ Kevojoki 33 494 232 39 ↑ Madjohka 15 110 210 40 ↑ Tsarsejohka 26 236 250 41 Vetsijoki 28 702 217 42 ↑ Vuognoljohka 9 104 95 43 Laksjohka 47 359 44 ↑ Dævkehanjohka 106 45 Pulmankijoki / Polmakelva 32 754 233

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 46 ↑ Luossajoki 7 36 165 47 ↑ Kalddasjohka 13 120 120 48 Luovttejohka 52 252 49 Maskejohka 71 463 50 ↑ Gæsis 220 51 ↑ Uvjaladnja 138 52 ↑ Cikkujohka 34 143

(Annex) table 2. Suurimmat järvet Tenon vesistöalueella./ De største innsjøen i Tanavassdraget. Pinta-ala / Kunta / Kom- Pinta-ala / Nimi / Navn Nimi / Navn Kunta / Kommun Areal [ha] mun Areal [ha] Karasjok, Kauto- Pulmankijärvi 1219 Utsjoki Iesjavri 6802 keino Vetsijärvi 819 Utsjoki Iddjajavri 1029 Karasjok Vuogojavri 402 Utsjoki Geassajavri 570 Tana Tuolbajavri 289 Utsjoki Ragesjavri 440 Kautokeino Stuorrajavri 253 Utsjoki Cårutjavri 397 Karasjok Mierasjärvi 218 Utsjoki Gavdnjajavri 387 Kautokeino Mantojärvi 200 Utsjoki Gæimejavri 352 Karasjok

(Annex) table 3. Vedenkorkeuden havaintoasemat Tenon vesistöalueella/ Vannstand stasjoner i Ta- navassdraget Number Water level station In use MW HW NW MHW MNW 234.14.0 Cærrogæsjokka Since 1978 234.13.0 Vækkava, Iesjohka Since 1973 Since 6800510 Inarijoki, Karigasniemi 125.05 127.64 123.72 126.51 124.66 17.09.1958 Since 6801000 Onnelansuvanto 64.15 68.18 63.18 66.46 63.42 20.09.1958 Since 6801100 Utsjoki, Kevoniemi 74.87 78.89 74.42 77.34 74.51 08.06.1962 234.18.0 Polmak nye Since 1911 Finnish elevation system LN + m. MW = median water level HW = high water level, NW = low water level, MHW = median high water level, MNW = median low water level

(Annex) table 4. Virtaaman havaintoasemat Tenon vesistöalueella / Vannföring stasjoner i Tanavass- draget. Number Discharge station In use MQ HQ NQ MHQ MNQ 234.14.0 Cærrogæsjokka Since 1978 17.371 0.1 7.401 0.011 234.13.0 Vækkava, Iesjohka Since 1973 332.801 2.041 210.561 6.021 Since 6800510 Inarijoki, Karigasniemi 36 1300 4.00 500.00 8.40 01.01.1961 Since 6801000 Onnelansuvanto 137 2099 14.00 1195.00 24.00 01.01.1959 Since 6801100 Utsjoki, Patoniva 17.9 390 2.20 208.00 3.40 08.06.1962 Since 6810110 Alaköngäs 177 2735 21.00 1594.00 33.00 08.06.1962 234.18.0 Polmak nye5 Since 1911 3208.01 27.19 1563.00 45.80 Discharges in m3/s. MQ = median discharge, HQ = maximum discharge, NQ = low discharge, MHQ = median maximum discharge, MNQ = median low discharge 1 www.ymparisto.fi

5 http://wwwi2.ymparisto.fi/i2/68/q6890001y/wqfi.html

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin 37 Summary,In Inari Sámi Annex 2 Tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm Tiänu čácádâhkuávlust ČUÁKÁNKIÄSU

Laahâ tulveriiskâi haaldâšmist (620/2010) já toos lohtâseijee asâttâs (659/2010) poođijn vuáimán keessiv 2010. Laavâ uáivilin lii kepidiđ tulveriiskâid, estiđ já kepidiđ tuulvijn šaddee vahâgijd sehe ovdediđ rahttâttâm tulvijd. Laavâ uáivilin lii meid heiviittiđ oohtân tulveriiskâi haldâšem já čácádâhkuávlu eres tipšo väldimáin vuotân čäcivaarij pištee kevttim sehe suojâlem táárbuid. Čäciekonâmâlij vuovij lasseen kiddejuvvoo huámášume eromâšávt kuávlui kevttim vuáváámân já huksim stivriimân sehe piäluštâstooimân. Tulveriiskâi haldâšem ulmen lii kepidiđ vahâgijd ulmui tiervâsvuotân já torvolâšvuotân. Laavâ já asâttâs vievâst olášuttoo Euroop union tulvedirektiiv.

Tulveriiskâi haaldâšmân kullee tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm, máhđulij merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávlui nomâttem, tulvevaarâ- já tulveriskâkáártái rähtim sehe tooimâi čielgim. Tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm vievâst (meriäigi 22.12.2011) occojeh kuávluh, main tuulvijn puáhtá šoddâđ merhâšittee vaahâg. Taid máhđulijd merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávloid ráhtojeh tulvevaarâ- já tulveriskâkáártáh (meriäigi 22.12.2013) sehe tulveriiskâi haldâšemvuáváámeh (meriäigi 22.12.2015). Tulvevaarâkáártást oovdânpuáhtoo tulve vijđesvuotâ já jieŋŋâlvuotâ kárttávuáđust tiätu oskottetteevuođáin. Tulveriskâkáártást kovvejuvvojeh pelestis tiätu stuárusii tulve tovâttem máhđuliih vahâgeh, eres lasseen čuávumušâin killájeijee ässei meeri já pirrâsân háituliih čuásáttuvah. Tulveriiskâi haldâšemvuáváámijn oovdânpuáhtojeh tooimah tulveriiskâi keeppidmân. Čácádâhtuulvij uásild haldâšemvuáváámeh ráhtojeh čácádâhkuávloid, main lii ohtâ máhđulâš tâi maŋgâ máhđulii merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávlu.

Tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm lááčá tehálii vuáđu tulveriiskâi haaldâšmân. Čácádâhkuávlui já merârido tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâlmist huolât staatâ kuávluhaldâttâsvirgeomâhâžžân iäláttâs-, jotolâh- já pirâskuávdáš (ELY). Kieldah västideh hulečäcitulveriiskâi árvuštâlmist kuávlustis. Laavâ mield tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm ráhtoo olášum tuulvijn sehe šoŋŋâduv já čäcitile ovdánmist finnejum tiäđui vuáđuld väldimáin vuotân meid šoŋŋâduv nubástume kuhes áigáduvâst. Árvuštâlmist norrojeh tiäđuh olášum já máhđulijn puátteevuođâ tuulvijn já toi háitulijn vaikuttâsâin. Vijđes uđđâ čielgiittâsah tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm ohtâvuođâst iä rahtuu, pic tot vuáđuduvá tiätun, mii lii jo lemin. Čácádâhkuávlui tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm ráhtoo čácádâhkuávlui mield já merâtulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm ELY-kuávdái mield. Eennâm- já meccituáluministeriö noomât čácádâhkuávlu já merârido merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávluid iäláttâs-, jotolâh- já pirâskuávdáá iävtuttâsâst.

Kuávlu, mast tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm vuáđuld páhuduvvoo máhđulâš merhâšittee tulveriskâ tâi mast taggaar riiskâ puávtáččij nabdeđ lemin, nomâttuvvoo merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávlun (laahâ tulveriiskâi haaldâšmist, 8§). Tulveriiskâ merhâšitteevuođâ árvuštâldijn váldoo vuotân kuávlulâš já páihálâš tile, tulve oskottetteevuotâ sehe čuávvooh tulveest máhđulávt šaddee almolii hiäđu tááhust vaahâgliih čuávumušah:

1) vaahâglâš čuávumuš ulmui tiervâsvuotân tâi torvolâšvuotân 2) velttidmettum palvâlus, tegu čäcihuolâttâs, energiahuolâttâs, tiätujotoluv, maađijjotoluv tâi eres västideijee tooimâ, kuhesáigásâš potkânem 3) ohtsâškode eellimtehálij tooimâi torvejeijee ekonomâlii tooimâ kuhesáigásâš potkânem 4) kuhesáigásâš tâi vijđes vaahâglâš čuávumuš pirrâsân 5) tivomettum vaahâglâš čuávumuš kulttuuráárbán Suomâst Tiänu lii uási Tiänu-Njiävđám-Paččvei časijhoittámkuávlu já Taažâst uási Finnmark časij- hoittámkuávlu. Suomâ kuávlu juáhás iänááš Ucjuuvâ já pelduvváid meid Aanaar kieldâ kuávloid. Taažâst kuávlu sajaduvá Kuovdâkiäinu, Kárášjuuvâ já Tiänu kieldâi kuávloid. Juuhâ hämmee oovtâst kierâjuvâinis Aanaarjuvváin 288 km kukkosii uási Suomâ já Taažâ koskâsii rääji. Čácádâh kolgá mäddin tavas, já eidusâš Tiänu álgá Suomâbeln Aanaarjuuvâ já Kárášjuuvâ ovtâstumsaajeest

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin Kärigâsnjaargâ siijdâ vuoluubeln. Juuhâ luáštá Tiänuvuonân já majemuid 50 km tot kolgá Taažâbeln. Tiänu čácádâhkuávlu lii ubâ vijđoduvâs peeleest 16 386 km2, mast 31 % lii Suomâst já 69 % Taažâst já ton jávrálâšvuođâprooseent lii 3,1.

Tiänu čácádâhkuávlust suullân 90 % lii vyevdieennâm, huksejum kuávluh láá uáli uccáá. Čácádâhkuávlu Suomâpiäláá uásist äässih suullân 1300 olmožid já Taažâpiäláá uásist suullân 5900 olmožid. Ucjuuvâ kieldâ, mii sajaduvá masa ollásávt Tiänu čácádâhkuávlun, aalmug árvuštelluvvoo lasaniđ vááijuv 5 prosenttáin ive 2030 loopâ räi. Suomâpiäláá stuárráámus aassâmčuákkipäikki lii Ucjuuvâ kirkkosijdâ. Iänááš uási čácádâhkuávlu Suomâpiäláá uásist kulá monnii Natura2000- suojâlemkuávlun.

Tiänu čácádâhkuávlust láá Tiänu lasseen ohtsis 51 juuhâd, moi kulgâmkuávlu vijđodâh lii paijeel 100 km2. Paijeel 50 hehtaar stuárusiih jäävrih láá ohtsis 181. Čácádâhkuávlust láá kiävtust vittâ čäcialoduv já kuttâ kulgâm mittedeijee áiccusajattuv. Stuárráámus aiccum kulgâm Onnelsavonist lii 2099 m3/s (koskâkulgâm 137 m3/s) ivveest 1968. Alemus aiccum čäcialodâh LN + 68,18 m (koskâčäcialodâh LN + 64,15 m) lii oppeet Onnelsavonist aiccum ive 1984. Tiänust láá tulveh ihásávt masa jyehi kiiđâ. Iänááš tuulvijd láá tovâttâm jieŋâpuáđuh. Tuulvijn šaddeh harvii merhâšittee vahâgeh. Šoŋŋâduv- nubástustutkâmušâi mield lii árvustâllum, et kiđđâtulveh kiäppáneh já muttojeh tolehubbon, sehe tälvi já čohčâtulveh muttojeh táválubbon.

Tulveriiskâi vuáđusteijee árvuštâllâm helppiimân lii Suomâ pirâskuávdáš (SYKE) ovdedâm tyejiniävu čácádâhkuávlutásásii tulve vijđánemkáártá rähtimân (TURINA-päikkitiätuanalyys). Päikkitiätuanalyys ráhtoo čácádâhkuávlui mield já malli kalibristoo ohtii 1000 ivveest tábáhtuvvee tuulván. Ovtâstitmáin TURINA-päikkitiätuanalyys pyevtittem tuulván herkis kuávlu rakânâs- já vistádâhregister (RHR) ässee- já kerdivijđodâhtiäđuiguin puáhtá hammiđ nk. riskâruuvduid (250x250 m) já tain ain riskâkuávluid máhđulij merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávlui tubdâmân. Taažâst lii ovdedum já kevttum siämmáá västideijee vyehi. Riskâruuvdui lasseen tulveriskâkuávlui tubdâmist tárkkojuvvojeh tulveriiskah ulmui tiervâsvuotân já torvolâšvuotân, infrastruktuurân, kulttuuráárbán já pirrâsân.

Tiänu čácádâhkuávlust tulveriskâkuávlui tubdâm ohtâvuođâst pajanii uáinusân čuávvoo kuávluh: Njuárgám, Ucjuuhâ, Veeččâh, Kärigâsnjargâ, Vuovdâkuoškâ-Pärši, Maadâjävri, Talvâdâs já Välimaa. TURINA-analyys mield Njuárgám kuávlust láá suullân 50 rakânâssâd já 70 ässed tulveaštuu vyelni. Lasseen lii aštum kuávlu maađijviärmádâh masa ollásávt. Tulveaštuu vyelni láá meiddei škovlâ já pasâttâsčäciputestemrakânâs.

Eres uáinusân pajanâm kuávluh já čuásáttuvah láá tulveriiskâi merhâšitteevuođâ tááhust vyeliguboh ko Njuárgám. Ucjuuvâ Niemel kuávluin láá lamaš tolebeh tulvevahâgeh já TURINA-analyysâst meid kuávlu váldumaađij lii tulveaštuu vyelni. Veeččâh lii Tiänu já Veeččâhjuuvâ ovtâstumsaajeest, já kuávlu lii vyeligub, et tulveaaštâ (ässeid já váldumaađijân) tobbeen lii máhđulâš. Kärigâsnjaargâst aštum kuávlu lii iänááš Puáris Kärigâsnjargân kočodum kuávlu. Eidusii Kärigâsnjaargâ sijdâkuávdáš lii tuulván herkis kuávlu ulguubeln. Vuovdâkuoškâ-Pärši kuávlu lii Nuorbenjárga-njaargâ já Áhkojohka- juhânjäälmi kooskâst. Vuovdâkuoškâ-Pärši kuávlu pajanij uáinusân tulveaštum ässei lohomere já váldumaađij tulveaštuu keežild. Talvâdâs já Välimaa pajanáin uáinusân kulttuurpirâsčuásáttuvâi tarkkuumist. Talvâdâs siijdâst láá mottoomverd fastâ ässeeh.

Árvuštâllâm mield čácádâhkuávlutásásâš tulveriiskâ haldâšemvuávám ij lah Tiänu čácádâhkuávlust kuástádâspehtilis vyehi tulveriiskâi keeppidmist. Tarkkuumist uáinusân ittáám kuávluh já čuásáttuvah láá piäđgui juhâpiällá miätá já čuásttuvâi/kuávlui tuođâlii tulveaštuu ličij tárbu čielgiđ tärhibeht. Čácádâhkuávlu tulveriiskâi haldâšem tááhust lii kuástádâspehtilub suoijiđ ovtâskâs čuásáttuvâid páihálij tulvesuojâlemtoimâiguin já eres kuávluin puáhtá toohâđ kuávlukuáhtásijd čácádâhtulveriiskâi haldâšem palvâleijee vuáváámijd.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin Laapi iäláttâs-, jotolâh- já pirâskuávdáš ij iävtut Tiänu čácádâhkuávlust tulveriskâlaavâ (620/2010) 8§ miäldásijd merhâšittee tulveriskâkuávluid.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin Summary, In Skolt Sámi Annex 3 Tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvvtõõllmõs Teänjooǥǥ čää´ccvuu´din VUÄNNÕS

Lää´ǩǩ tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumuužžâst (620/2010) da tõzz õhttneei asetõs (659/2010) pue´tte viõ´ǩǩe ǩeä´ssa 2010. Lää´jj mie´rren lij uućceed tu´lvvriiskid, cõggâd da ǩiâppeed tuulvin šõddi pärtt’teei seu´rrjõõzzid di õõudeed varjlõõttâd tuulvin. Lää´jj mie´rren lij še suåvted õhtte tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumuš da čääćcvuu´d jee´res håiddmõš vääldee´l lokku čääćcaunnsi ǩeâlljeei âânnmõõžž di suõ´jjeem taarb. Čääćctää´l vue´jji kuâŋŋ vuâmmšet jeä´rben vuu´di âânnem plaanmõõžž da raajjmuužž ohjjumuužž di peä´lštemtuåim. Tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumuužž täävtõssân lij uu´ cceed pärtt’teei seu´rrjõõzzid oummi tiõrvâsvuõtte da staanvuõtte. Lää´jj da asetõõzz veäkka piijât tuåimme Euroop union tu´lvvdirektiiv.

Tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumužže ko´lle tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvtõõllmõš, mååžna miârkkšõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvuu´di nõõmtumuš, tu´lvv-vaarr- da tu´lvvriskk-kaarti raajjmõš di tuåimi čiõlggumuš. Tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvvtõõllmõõžž veäkka (mie´rräi´ǧǧ 22.12.2011) ooccât vuu´did, koin tuulvin vuäitt šõddâd miârkkšõõvvi påå´mh. Täid mååžna miârkkšõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvuu´did raajât tu´lvv-vaarr- da tu´lvvriskk-kaartid (mie´rräi´ǧǧ 22.12.2013) di tu´lvvriiski vaaldšemplaanid (mie´rräi´ǧǧ 22.12.2015). Tu´lvv-vaarrkaartâst čuäjtet tuulv veeidasvuõtt da čääćc čiŋŋalvuõtt karttvuađâst tiõttum teâuddjem vueittemvuõdi mie´ldd. Tu´lvvriskk-kaartâst kaart’ tet peä´lstes tiõttum šoora tuulv tuejjeem mååžna påå´mh, jm. seu´rrjõõzzin muõkkšõõvvi jälsteeji mie´rr da pirrõzze hääi´tt tuejjeei pääi´ǩ. Tu´lvvriiski vaaldšemplaanin čuäjtet tuåimid tu´lvvriiski uućcumužže. Čääćcvuu´d tuulvi vuä´sselt vaaldšemplaanid raajât čääćcvuu´did, koin lij õhtt le´be jääńab mååžna miârkksõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvu´vdd.

Tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvtõõllmõš rääjj vääžnai vuađ tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumužže. Čääćcvuu´di da miârr- reddmäädd tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvtõõllmõõžžâst âânn huõl valdia vu´vddvaaldšemve´rǧǧneǩken jie´llemvue´ǩk-, trafiikk- da pirrõskõõskõs (ELY). Kåå´dd västtee âbrr- da suddâmčaa´ʒʒi tu´lvvriiski ärvtõõllmõõžžâst vuu´dstes. Lää´jj mie´ldd tu´lvvriiski alǥteei ärvtõõllmõš raajât čõõđtum tuulvin di ääim da čääćc åårmõõžži õuddnumuužžâst vuä´ǯǯmest åårrai teâđai vuâđalt vääldee´l lokku še ääim-muttõs ku´ǩes ääi´j sest. Ärvvtõõllmõõžžast noorât teâđaid čõõđtum da mååžna puõ´tti ääi´j tuulvin da tõi häi´ttjeei vaiktõõzzin. Veiddsõš ođđ selvtõõzzid jeä´t tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvvtõõllmõõžž õhttvuõđâst rajju, laša tõt vuâđđaavv åårrai tiõ´ttu. Čääćcvuu´di tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvtõõllmõš raajât jue´ǩk čääćcvuu´d õõl da miârrtu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvtõõllmõš jue´ǩǩ ELY-kõskkõõzz õõl. Mä´dd- da meäćctäällministeria nõõmad čääćcvuu´d da miârr-reddmäädd miârkkšõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvuu´did jie´llemvue´kǩ-, trafiikk- da pirrõskõõskõõzz čuäjtõõzz mie´ldd.

Vu´vdd, ko´st tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvvtõõllmõõžž vuâđalt tuõđat mååžna miârkksõõvvi tu´lvvriskk le´be ko´st nåkam riisk vueitet ju´rdded šõddâd, nõõmtet miârkkšõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvu´vdden (lää´ǩǩ tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumuužžâst, 8§). Tu´lvvriisk miârkkšõõvvmõõžž ärvvtõõlee´st vääldet lokku vooudlaž da pääiklaž jällmõõžž, tuulv teâuddjem vueittemvuõtt di seu´rrjeei tuu´lvest mååžna šõddi aalmilaž pärtt’teei seu´rrjõõzz:

1) pärtt’teei seu´rrjõs oummi tiõrvâsvuõtte le´be staanvuõtte 2) viâlt’te´mesvuõttkääzzkõõzz, mâte čääćchuõl, energiihuõl, teâttjååttmõõžž, čuõkkujååttmõõžž le´be jee´res va´stteei toimmjumuužž, ku´ǩesäiggsaž årnnmõs 3) õhttsažkåå´dd jie´llma vääžnai tuåimid staaneei ekonomiilaž toimmjumuužž ku´ǩesäiggsaž årnnmõs 4) ku´ǩesäiggsaž le´be veeidâs pärtt’teei seu´rrjõs pirrõzze 5) ko´rjjeekani pärtt’teei seu´rrjõs kultturä´rbbvuõtte Lää´ddjânnmest Teän lij vuä´ss Teäń-Njauddâmjooǥǥ-Paččjooǥǥ čääćchoiddamvu´vdded da Taarrjânnmest vuä´ss Finnmark čääćchoiddamvu´vdded. Lää´ddjânnam vu´vdd juâkkââtt vuei´vv- vuä´zzest Uccjooǥǥ da vuä´zzas še Aanar kåå´dd vuu´did. Taarrjânnmest vu´vdd åårr Koutokeino, Kaarasjooǥǥ da Tana kåå´ddi vuu´din. Jokk õõutsââjest lä´đvvjooǥǥâs Aanarjooǥǥin 288 ǩm määtǩest

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin lij vuä´ss Lää´ddjânnam da Taarrjânnam kõskksaž raajest. Čää´ccvu´vdd kolgg saaujest tâ´vve da jiõ´čč Teänjokk älgg Lää´ddjânnam beä´lnn Aanarjooǥǥ da Kaarasjooǥǥ õhttâmpääi´ǩest Karigasnjaarǥ siid vue´lbeä´lnn. Jokk kolgg Teänvuõnne da maaimõõzzid 50 ǩm tõt kolgg Taarrjânnam beä´lnn. Teänjooǥǥ čää´ccvu´vdd lij o´bbnes šorradvuõđâs peä´lest 16 386 ǩm2, ko´st 31 % lij Lää´ddjânnmest da 69 % Taarrjânnmest da tõn jäu´rrprosentt lij 3,1.

Teänjooǥǥ čääćcvuu´dest nu´t 90 % lij meäćcjânnam, rajjum vuu´d lie čuu´t occanj. Čääćcvuu´dest Lää´ddjânnam beä´llsa vuä´zzest jälste nu´t 1300 ooumžed da Taarrjânnam beä´llsa vuä´zzest nu´t 5900 ooumžed. Uccjooǥǥ kåå´dd, kåå´tt lij âlddsin obbnes Teänjooǥǥ čääćcvuu´dest, narood arvvtõõlât lâ´ssned väjjaǥ 5 prosentin ee´jj 2030 loppe mõõnee´st. Lää´ddjânnam beä´l šuurmõs aazztemkõõskõs lij Uccjooǥǥ ceerkavsijdd. Jäänmõs čääćcvuu´d Lää´ddjânnam beä´lest kooll koonn- ne Natura2000-suõ´jjeemvoudda.

Teänjooǥǥ čääćcvuu´dest lie Teänjooǥǥ lââ´ssen õhttsižže 51 jokkâd, koonn kolggâmvuu´d šorrõs lij pâ´jjel 100 ǩm2. Pâ´jjel 50 hehtaar šoora jääu´r lie õhttsižže 181. Čääćcvuu´dest lie âânnmest vitt čääćc âlladvuõđ da kutt kolggmõõžž vuâmmšõspääi´ǩ. Šuurmõs vuâmmšum kolggmõš Onnelasââvest lij 2099 m3/s (kõskk-kolggmõš 137 m3/s) ee´jjest 1968. Õlljummõs vuâmmšum čääćc âlladvuõtt LN + 68,18 m (kõskkmie´rin čääćc âlladvuõtt LN + 64,15 m) peä´lstes lij Onnelasââvest vuâmmšum ee´jjest 1984. Teänjooǥǥâst šâdde tuulv âlddsin jue´ǩǩ ǩiiđ jue´ǩk ee´jj. Jäänmõs tuulvin lij jiõŋŋõõʒʒâs tuejjeem. Tuulv tuejjee hää´rvelt jõnn päärtaid. Äimm-muttõstu´tǩkumuužži mie´ldd ǩiđđtuulvi arvvtõõlât occned da ääi´jldet, tä´lvv- da čõhččtuulv täu´jsme.

Tu´lvvriiski aalǥteei ärvtõõllmõõžž heâlptumužže Lää´ddjânnam pirrõskõõskõs (SYKE) lij raajjâm tuâjjneä´v čää´ccvu´vddtää´zz-sa tuulv leävvnemkaart raajjmõžže (TURINA-päi´ǩkteâttanalyys). Päi´ǩkteâttanalyys raajât čää´ccvuu´di õõl da mall kalibrââstet õ´httešt 1000 ee´jjest nobbstõõvvi to´lvva. Õhttee´l TURINA-päi´ǩkteâttanalyyzz puutt’tem to´lvva mååžnai vu´vdd raajâlm- da lõnjjteâttrekister (RHR) aazzi- da ǩeârddšorrõõzzteâđaivui´m vueitet raajjâd ns. riskkčõõlmid (250x250 m) da tõin õõudâs riskkvuu´did mååžna miârkkšõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvuu´di tobdstumužže. Taarrjânnmest lie rajjum da õnnum västteeinallšem mõõntõõllmõõžž. Riskkčõõlmi lââ´ssen tu´lvvriskkvuu´di tobdstumuužžâst ta´rǩstõõlât tu´lvvriiskid oummi tiõrvâsvuõtte da staanvuõtte, infrastruktuure, kultturä´rbbvuõtte da pirrõzze.

Teänjooǥǥ čää´ccvuu´dest tu´lvvriskkvuu´di tobdstumuužž õhttvuõđâst pue´tte õudde seu´rrjeei vuu´d: Nuorgam, UtsJokk, Vetsikko, Karigasnjârgg, Outakuõškk-Parsi, Mantojäu´rr, Dalvadas da Välimaa. TURINA-analyys mie´ldd Nuorgam vuu´dest nu´t 50 raajâlm da 70 jälsteejed lie tu´lvv-vaarr vue´lnn. Lââ´ssen vuu´dest lij vaar vue´lnn vuu´d čuâǥǥas-säi´mm âlddsin obbnes. Tu´lvv-vaar vue´lnn lij lââ´ssen škooul da njeä´šščää´ccputstempäi´ǩǩ.

Jeä´rraz õudde puä´ttam vuu´d da pääi´ǩ lie tu´lvvriiski beä´lnn oo´ccab miârkksõõvvi ko Nuorgam. Uccjooǥǥ Niemelävuu´dest lie leä´mmaž ääi´jab tu´lvv päärt da TURINA-analyysist še vä´lddčuõkkuvu´vdd lij tu´lvv-vaar vue´lnn. Vetsikko åårr Teänjooǥǥ da Vetsijooǥǥ õhttâmpääi´ǩest, da vu´vdd lij vue´llǥab, nääit tu´lvv-vaarr (jälsteejid da vä´lddčuâkksa) to´ben lij mååžnai. Karigasnjaarǥâst vaar vue´lnn lij ââldmõsân vuâđđkaartâst vuä´mm Karigasnjarggân nõõmtum vu´vdd. Jiõ´čč Karigasnjaarǥ siid kõõskõs lij tu´lvv- vaarrvuu´d oolǥbeä´lnn. Outakuõškk-Parsi vu´vdd åårr Nuorpinjaarǥ da Akujokknjäälm kõõskâst. Outakuõškk-Parsi vu´vdd pueđi õudde tu´lvv-vaarvuâllsai jälsteeji mie´r da vä´lddčuõkku tu´lvv-vaar diõtt. Dalvadas da Välimaa pue´tte õudde kultturpirrõspaaiǩi tarǩstõõllmõõžzâšt. Dalvadas siidâst lij siõmmna põõšši aazztumuš.

Čääćcvu´vddtää´zz tu´lvvriiski vaaldšemplaan jeät arvvtõõl lee´d Teänjooǥǥ čääćcvuu´dest mä´hssviõkksõs nää´ll tu´lvvriiski uućcumuužžâst. Tarǩstõõllmõõžzâšt õudde puättam vuu´d da pääi´ǩ årra peâđgai ǩee´jjmie´ldd jokkreedd da paai´ǩi/vuu´di tuõttsõs tu´lvv-vaarr le´čče tarbbsõs čiõlǥeed tää´rǩben. Čääćcvuu´d tu´lvvriiski vaaldšem beä´lnn lij mä´hssviõkksab suõ´jjeed odinakai paaiǩid

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin pääiklaž tu´lvvsuõ´jjeemtuåimivui´m da jee´res vuu´din vueitet raajjâd vuu´dmie´lddsa čää´ccvuu´d tu´lvvriiski vaaldšumuužž kääzzkâstti plaannmõõžž .

Lappi jie´llemvue´kǩ-, trafiikk- da pirrõskõõskõs ij cuäjed Teänjooǥǥ čää´ccvuu´dest tu´lvvriskklää´jj (620/2010) 8§ mie´lddsaid miârkkšõõvvi tu´lvvriskkvuu´did.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin Summary, In North Sámi Annex 4 Dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallan Deanu čázádaga guovllus ČOAHKKÁIGEASSU

Láhka dulveriskkaid hálddašeamis (620/2010) ja dasa laktáseaddji ásahus (659/2010) bođii vápmui geassit 2010. Lága ulbmilin lea geahpedit dulvariskkaid, eastadit ja unnidit dulvvi geažil šaddi vahátlaš čuovvumusaid sihke ovddidit dulvviid várás ráhkkaneami. Lága ulbmilin lea maid muddet oktii dulvariskkaid hálddašeami ja čázádaga guovllu eará divššu, nu ahte váldojuvvojit vuhtii čáhceváriid bistevaš geavaheapmi ja suodjaleami dárbbut. Čáhceekonomalaš vugiid lassin giddejuvvo fuopmášupmi erenoamážit guovlluid geavaheami plánemii ja huksema stivremii sihke gádjundoaimmaide. Dulveriskkaid hálddašeami ulbmilin lea geahpedit vahátlaš čuovvumušaid olbmuid dearvvasvuhtii ja dorvvolašvuhtii. Lágain ja ásahusain ollašuhttojuvvo Eurohpá uniovnna dulvedirektiiva.

Dulveriskkaid hálddašeapmai gullet dulvariskkaid álgoárvvoštallan, vejolaš mearkkašahtti dulvariskaguovlluid namaheapmi, dulvevárra- ja dulveriskagárttaid namaheapmi, dulvaváraid- ja dulvariskagárttiad ráhkadeapmi sihke doaibmabijuid čilgen. Dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallama mielde (mearreági 22.12.2011) ohččojit guovllut, maidda dulvvit sáhttet dagahit mearkkašahtti vaháda. Dáidda vejolaš mearkkašahtti dulveriskaguovlluide ráhkaduvvo dulvevárra- ja dulveriskagárttat (mearreági 22.12.2013) sihke dulveriskkaid hálddašanplánat (mearreági 22.12.2015). Dulvevárragárttas ovdanbukto dulvvi viidodat ja čáhcečikŋodat gárttas dihto vuordaga mielde. Dulveriskagárttas govviduvvojit fas dihto sturrosaš dulvvi dagahan vejolaš vahágat, ee. čuovvumušain gilládeaddji olbmuid lohku ja birrasii vahátlaš čuozáhagat. Dulveriskkaid hálddašanplánain ovdanbuktojit doaibmabijut dulveriskkaid geahpedeami várás. Čázádatdulvviid bokte hálddašanplánat ráhkaduvvojit čázádaga guovlluide, main lea okta dahje eanet vejolaš mearkkašahtti dulveriskaguovlu.

Dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallan duddjo dehalaš vuođu dulveriskkaid hálddašeami várás. Čázádaga guovlluid ja mearragáttiid dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallamis fuolaha stáhta guovlluhálddahusvirgeoapmahažžan ealáhus-, johtolat- ja birasguovddáš (EBI). Gielddat ieža vástidit stulčečáhceriskkaid árvvoštallamis guovllus Lága mielde dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallan ráhkaduvvo ollašuvvan dulvviid sihke dálkkádaga ja čáhcediliid ovdáneamis daid dieđuid vuođul, mat leat fidnemis, nu ahte váldo fuopmášupmai maid dálkkádaga nuppástuvvan guhkit áigegaskkas. Árvvoštallamis čoggojuvvojit dieđut ollašuvvan ja vejolaš boahtteáiggi dulvviin ja daid vahátlaš váikkuhusain. Viiddis ođđa čilgehusat eai dahkkojuvvo dulvariskkaid álgoárvvoštallama oktavuođas, muhto dat vuođđuduvvá dihtui, mii mis lea juo. Čázádaga guovlluid dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallan dahkkojuvvo čázádaga guovlluid mielde ja mearradulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallan guđege EBI-guovddášis. Eana- ja meahccedoalloministeriija namaha čázádaga guovllu ja mearragátti mearkkašahtti dulveriskaguovlluid ealáhus-, johtolat- ja birasguovddáža evttohusa mielde.

Guovlu, gos dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallama vuođul gávnnahuvvo vejolaš mearkkašahtti dulveriska dahje gos dakkáraš riskka sáhttá navdit boahtit ovdan, namahuvvo mearkkašahtti dulveriskaguovlun (láhka dulveriskkaid hálddašeamis, 8 §). Dulveriskka mearkkašahttivuođa árvvoátaladettiin váldojit vuhtii guovllu- ja báikkálašdilit, dulvvi vuordda sihke čuovvovaš vejolaččat dulvvis šaddi oktasaš oainnu mielde vahátlaš čuovvumušat:

1) vahátlaš čuovvumuš olbmuid dearvvasvuhtii dahje dorvvolašvuhtii 2) vealtameahttunbálvalusa, dego čáhcefuolahusa, energiijafuolahusa, diehtojohtolaga, geaidnojohtolaga dahje eará vástideaddji doaimma, guhkesáigásaš gaskkalduvvan 3) servodaga vealtameahttun doaimmaid dorvvasteaddji ekonomalaš doaimma guhkesáigásaš gaskkalduvvan 4) bistevaš dahje viiddis vahátlaš čuovvumuš birrasii 5) bissovaš vahátlaš čuovvumuš kulturárbái Suomas Deatnu lea oassi Deanu-Njávdánjoga –Báhčaveaijoga čáhcedikšunguovllu ja Norggas oassi Finnmárkku čáhcedikšunguovllu. Suoma guovlu juohkása váldooasis Ohcejoga ja oassái maid Anára

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin gieldda viidodahkii. Norggas guovlu sajáiduvvá Guovdageainnu, Kárášjoga ja Deanuleagi gielddaid viidodahkii. Johka hábme ovttas gierajogain, Anárjogain, 288 km:a mátkkis oasi Suoma ja Norgga gaskasaš rájás. Čázádat golgá máddil davás, ja aitosaš Deatnu álgá Suoma bealde dakko gokko Anárjohka ja Kárášjohka ovtastuvvaba Gáregasnjárgga gili vuolábealde. Johka luoitá Deanuvutnii ja maŋimuš 50 km dat golgá Norgga bealde. Deanu čázádaga guovlu lea oppalohkái 16 386 km2 viidosaš, mas 31 % lea Suomas ja 69 % Norggas ja dan jávrriid mearri lea 3,1.

Deanu čázádaga guovllus sullii 90 % lea meahcci, huksejuvvon eatnamat leat hui unnán. Čázádat guovllu Suoma beale oasis orrot sullii 1300 olbmo ja Norgga beale oasis sullii 5900 olbmo. Ohcejoga gieldda, mii sajáiduvvá measta ollásit Deanu čázádaga guvlui, árvaluvvo, ahte álbmot lassána vádjit 5 proseanttain jagi 2030 loahpa rádjai. Suoma bealde stuorámus ássančoahkkaneapmi lea Ohcejoga girkosiida. Eanáš oassi čázádaga guovllu Suoma bealis gullá masa nu Natura2000-suodjalanguvlui.

Deanu čázádat guovllus lea lassin oktiibuot 51 joga, man golganguovllu viidodat lea badjel 100 km2. Badjel 50 hektára sturrosaš jávrrit leat oktiibuot 181. Čázádaga guovllus lea geavahusas vihtta čázi allodaga ja guhtta golganvuoimmi mihtideaddji áicostášuvnna. Stuorámus golganvuoibmi, maid leat áican, lea Onnelasavvonis 2099 m3/s (gaskagolganvuoibmi 137 m3/s) jagis 1968. Alimus čázi allodat, maid leat áican lea LN + 68,18 m (gaska čázi allodat LN + 64,15 m) fas lea Onnelasavvonis jagi 1984. Deanus leat dulvvit measta juohke giđa. Eanáš oassi dulvviin leat jiekŋabuođuid dagahan dulvvit. Dulvvit dagahit hárve mearkkašahtti vahágiid. Dálkkádatnuppástusdutkamušaid mielde giđđadulvviid árvvoštallet geahppánit ja árranit, dálve ja čakča dulvvit lassánit.

Dulveriskkaid álgoárvvoštallama álkidahttit Suoma birasguovddáš (SUBI) lea ráhkadan bargoneavvu čázádaga guovlodássásaš dulvvi leavvanviidodatgártta ráhkadeami várás (TURINA- báikediehtoanalysa). Báikediehtoanalysa ráhkaduvvo guđege čázádaga guovllu mielde ja málle kalibrerejuvvo oktii 1000 jagi áigge šaddi jeavddalaš dulvvi várás. Dieđu, maid lea dulvái suojehis guovllus ožžon TURINA-báikediehtoanalysa bokte ja ovttastahttimin dan huksen- ja visterekisttara (HUVI) orru- ja geardeviidodat dieđuide sáhttá hábmet ng. riskaruvttuid (250x250 m) ja ain dain riskaguovlluid vejolaš mearkkašahtti dulveriskaguovlluid dovdádeami várás. Norggas lea ráhkadan ja geavahan semmasullasaš metodaid. Riskaruvttuid lassin dulveriskaguovlluid dovdádeamis geahčadit dulveriskkaid olbmuid dearvvasvuođa ja dorvvolasvuođa, infrastruktuvra, kulturárbbi ja birrasa dáfus.

Deanu čázádaga guovllus dulveriskaguovlluid dovdádeami oktavuođas ovdan bohte čuovvovaš guovllut: Njuorggán, Ohcejohka, Veahčat, Gáregasnjárga, Vuovdaguoika-Bárši, Máttajávri, Dálvadas ja Välimaa. TURINA-analysa mielde Njuorggáma guovllus sullii 50 vistti ja 70 ássi leat dulvvi áittaga vulošat. Lassin guovllus lea áittaga vuloš guovllu geaidnofierpmádat measta oalát Dulveáitta guoská lassin skuvlla ja bázahusčáhcebuhtistanrrusttega.

Eará ovdan boahtan guovllut ja čuozáhagat leat dulveriskkaid mearkkašahttivuođa dáfus unnibut go Njuorggámis. Ohcejoga Niemel guovllus leat leamaš ovdalis dulvevahágat ja TURINA-analysa mielde maiddái guovllu váldogeaidnu lea áittaga vulošin. Veahčat lea dakko gokko Deatnu ja Veahčatjohka ovttastuvvaba, ja guovlu lea vuollegut, nu ahte doppe dulveáitta (ássiide ja váldogeidnui) lea vejolaš. Gáregasnjárggas áittaga vuolde leat lagamustá vuođđogárttas boares Gáregasnjárgan namahuvvon guovlu. Áitosaš Gáreganjárgga gilli lea dulve suojehis guovllu olggobealde. Vuovdaguoika-Bárši guovlu lea Njuorbenjárgga ja Áhkojotnjálmmi gaskkas. Vuovdaguoika-Bárši guovlu bođii ovdan dulveáittavuloš ássiid meari ja váldogeainnu dulveáittaga dihte. Dálvadas ja Välimaa bohte ovdan go geahčadeimmet kulturbirasčuozáhagaid. Dalvadat gilis leat muhtun veardde fásta orrun.

Čázádaga guovlodássásaš dulveriskkaid hálddašanplána ii árvvoštallojuvvo leat Deanu čázádaga guovllus beaktilis vuohki dulveriskkaid geahpedeami dáfus das šaddi goluid ektui. Geahčadeamis ovdan boahtan guovllut ja čuozádagat leat bieđgguid miehtá johkagáttiid ja čuozáhagaid/guovlluid duođalaš dulveáittagiid livččii dárbbašlaš čilget dárkilabbot. Čázádaga guovllu dulveriskkaid

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin hálddašeami dáfus lea goluid dáfus beaktilut vuohki suddjet oktonas čuozáhagaid báikkálaš dulvesuodjalandoaimmaiguin ja eará guovlluin sáhttá guđege guovllu buohta dahkat čázádaga dulveriskkaid hálddašeami bálvaleaddji plánema.

Lappi ealáhus-, johtolat- ja birasguovddáš ii evttot Deanu čázádaga guovllus dulveriskalága (620/2010) 8 §:a mielde mearkkašahtti dulveriskaguovlluid.

Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment in Tana River Basin