DOCSLIB.ORG

Full Text in Pdf Format

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Full Text in Pdf Format DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Vol. 32: 49-69,1998 Published February 26 I1 Dis Aquat Org REVIEW Occurrence and significance of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida in non-salmonid and salmonid fish species: a review Tom WiklundL',Inger ~alsgaard~ 'Institute of Parasitology and Department of Biology, Abo Akademi University, BioCity. Artillerigatan 6. SF-20520 Abo. Finland 'Danish Institute for Fisheries Research. Fish Disease Laboratory. Biilowsvej 13, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C. Denmark ABSTRACT. Bacterial strains of Aeromonas salmonicida included in the recognized subsp. achromo- genes, subsp. masoucida, and subsp. smithia in addition to the large number of strains not included in any of the described subspecies are referred to as atypical A. salmonicida. The atypical strains form a very heterogeneous group w~threspect to biochemical characteristics, growth conditions, and produc- tion of extracellular proteases. Consequently, the present taxonomy of the species A. salmonicida is rather ambiguous. Atypical A. salmonicida has been isolated from a wide range of cultivated and wild fish species, non-salmonids as well as salrnonids, inhabiting fresh water, brackish water and marine environments in northern and central Europe, South Africa. North America. Japan and Australia. In non-salmonid fish species, infections with atypical strains often manifest themselves as superficial skin ulcerations. The best known diseases associated with atypical A. salmonicida are carp Cypnnus carpio erythrodermatitis, goldfish Carassius auratus ulcer disease, and ulcer disease of flounder Platichthys flesus, but atypical strains are apparently involved in more disease outbreaks than previously sus- pected. Macroscopical and microscopical studies of ulcerated fish indicate internal organs are infre- quently invaded by atypical A. salmonicida. This view is supported by the fact that atypical strains are ~rregularlyisolated from visceral organs of ulcerated fish. High mortality caused by atypical A. salmonicida has been observed in populations of wild non-salmonids and farmed salmon~ds,although the association between the mortality in the wild fish stocks and atypical A. salmonicida has not always been properly assessed. In injection experiments the pathogenicity of the atypical strains examined showed large variation. An extracellular A-layer has been detected in different atypical strains, but virulence mechanisms different from those described for (typical) A. salmonicida subsp. salrnonicida, for example an extracellular metallo-protease and a different iron utilization mechanism, have been described. Limited information is available about the ecology, spread and surv~valof atypical strains in water. The commonly used therapeutic methods for the control of diseases in farmed fish caused by atypical A. salrnonicida are generally effective against the atypical strains. Resistance to different antibiotics and transferable plasmids encoding multiple drug resistance have been observed in atypi- cal A. salmonicida. Studies aimed at producing a vaccine against atypical strains are in progress. KEY WORDS: Aeromonas salmonicida . Slun ulcers . Fish pathogens . Fish INTRODUCTION cies A. salmonicida but showing biochemical character- istics, mainly slow growth and late pigment production, The expression 'atypical Aeromonas salmonicida' was different from those described for A. salmonicida subsp. initially used for bacterial strains belonging to the spe- salrnonicida. One of the first papers using the expression 'atypical' or 'aberrant' strain of A. salrnonicida was pub- lished in 1971 (Evelyn 197 l),although reports on strains 'Present address: Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Fish Disease Laboratory, Biilowsvej 13, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C. not included in subsp. salmonicida had been published Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] earlier (Smith 1963, Kimura 1969a, b). O Inter-Research 1998 Resale of full article not perrmtted 50 Dis Aquat Org Although several subspecies of Aeromonas salmoni- This paper presents the current state of knowledge cida have been described, i.e. subsp. achromogenes. about the biology and the taxonomy of atypical subsp. n~asoucida,subsp. salrnonicida and subsp. Aeromonas salmonicida strains and disease processes smlthia (Holt et al. 1994), a large number of reported generated by these bacteria. strains have not been ass~gnedto any of these sub- species. Presently, strains included in the subsp. achro- mogenes, subsp. rnasouc~da,and subsp. smithia in TAXONOMY addition to the strains not included in any of the described subspecies of A. salmonicida are referred to The taxonomic position of Aeromonas salmonicida as atypical strains. Strains of subsp. salrnonicida are has been reviewed by McCarthy & Roberts (1980) and consequently referred to as 'typical' A. salmonicida. Austin & Austin (1993). In Bergey's Manual of System- Although strains showing characteristics that are dif- atic Bacteriology (Popoff 1984), the genus Aeromonas ferent from those described for typical A. salmonicida was included in the family Vibnonaceae. The proposal are considered to be atypical isolates, several papers to place this genus in the new family Aeromonadaceae on typical strains have recently been published show- (Colwell et al. 1986), which was based on molecular ing atypical or aberrdnt biochemical characteristics, genetic data, has recently been validated (Anonymous such as non- or late-pigmentation (Wiklund et al. 1992).The recognized species in the genus Aeromonas 1993), negative cytochrome oxidase reaction (Chap- represent 14 clearly different DNA homology groups man et al. 1991), acid product~onfrom sucrose (Wik- (Esteve et al. 1995) with A. salmonicida subsp. sal- lund et al. 1992),no degradation of aesculin (Austin et monicida belonging to DNA group 3. al. 1989), production of hydrogen sulfide (Austin et al. According to the latest edition of Bergey's Manual 1989) and growth at 37°C (McIntosh & Austin 1991). of Systematic Bacteriology (Popoff 1984), Aeromonas The number of published reports of disease out- salmonicida is divided into 3 subspecies: A. salmoni- breaks associated with atypical strains has increased cida subsp. saLmonicida (Griffin et al. 1953a), A. significantly during the last decade, and these isolates salmonicida subsp. achromogenes (Smith 1963) and A. have been reported from an increasing number of fish salmonicida subsp. rnasouclda (Kimura 1969a, b).This species and geographical areas. Most of the isolated differentiation was proposed by Schubert (1967, 1969). strains have been identified as atypical Aerornonas These 3 subspecies can be distinguished by a limited salmonicida and very few of them are included in any number of biochemical characteristics (Popoff 1984). of the described subspecies (subsp. achromogenes, Since the first descript~onby Smith (1963) of strains subsp. masoucida, and subsp. smithia) (Holt et al. different from Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. sal- 1994). In fact, new isolates of A. salmonicida subsp. monicida, a large number of atypical strains of A. masoucida and subsp. smithia have not been reported salmonicida have been isolated (e.g. Wiklund 1990, since their initial isolation and description (Kimura Austin & Austin 1993, Nakatsugawa 1994, Wiklund & 1969a, b, Austin et al. 1989). Dalsgaard 1995). McCarthy & Roberts (1980) have Diseases caused by atypical strains have been proposed another and different division into 3 sub- referred to as ulcer disease or 'atypical furunculosis' species, ba.sed on epizootiological criteria. The 3 sub- (Snieszko et al. 1950, Hubbert & Williams 1980, Gro- species are subsp, salrnon~cida,subsp, achromogenes man et al. 1992, Wiklund 1994b, Gudmundsdottir & (incorporating subsp, masoucida, including only strains Magnadottir 1997) in contrast to furunculosis or classi- isolated from salmonids), and subsp, nova (isolated cal furunculosis caused by typical Aeromonas salmoni- from non-salmonid fish). This classification has not cida. Unfortunately, clinical infections in fish with been approved in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bac- atypical A. salmonicida have sometimes in the litera- teriology (Popoff 1984). A. salmonicida subsp. salmoni- ture been referred to as furunculosis (McCarthy 1975, cida and A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida were found Bucke 1980, Boomker et al. 1984),which in the oplnion to be a genetically homogenous group in DNA homo- of the present authors should be avoided. logy studies (MacInnes et al. 1979). Based on numeri- Atypical bacterial strains of the species Aeromonas cal taxonomy (McCarthy 1978), sequence homology, salmonicida have been poorly defin.ed, and this group and guanine-plus-cytosine content (%G+C) (Belland consists of isolates showing a large variety of bio- & Trust 1988), the subspecies achromogenes should chemical, molecular and virulence characteristics. be restructured to include the present subspecies Presently, an atypical strain can be defined only as a masoucida. The close genetic relatedness of these sub- strain that does not fit into the existing classification of species was also shown by Martinez-Murcia et al. A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. This situation cer- (1992),in contrast to the findings of Austin et al. (1989), tainly needs to be adequately solved in future detailed which supported the separation of the 2 subspecies. taxonomic studies. However, in Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bac- Wiklund & Dalsgaard: Atypical Aeromonas salmonicida: a review 51 teriology (Holt et al. 1994) the 3 subspecies from the biocin (5 pg) (Magarinos
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eastslope Sculpin (Cottus Sp.) in Alberta
    COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the "Eastslope" Sculpin Cottus sp. in Canada St. Mary and Milk River populations THREATENED 2005 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2005. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the "eastslope" sculpin (St. Mary and Milk River population) Cottus sp. in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vi + 30 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Production note: This document is based on a report by Susan M. Pollard prepared for Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish and Wildlife Division and the Alberta Conservation Association. The original report was published as Alberta Wildlife Status Report No. 51, February 2004, and is entitled Status of the St. Mary Shorthead Sculpin (provisionally Cottus bairdi punctulatus) in Alberta. Funding for the preparation of the original status report was provided by the Alberta Conservation Association and the Fish and Wildlife Division of Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. This document was overseen and edited by Bob Campbell, the COSEWIC Freshwater Fish Species Specialist Subcommittee Co- chair. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Ếgalement disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur le chabot du versant est (populations des rivières St.
    [Show full text]
  • BONY FISHES 602 Bony Fishes
    click for previous page BONY FISHES 602 Bony Fishes GENERAL REMARKS by K.E. Carpenter, Old Dominion University, Virginia, USA ony fishes constitute the bulk, by far, of both the diversity and total landings of marine organisms encoun- Btered in fisheries of the Western Central Atlantic.They are found in all macrofaunal marine and estuarine habitats and exhibit a lavish array of adaptations to these environments. This extreme diversity of form and taxa presents an exceptional challenge for identification. There are 30 orders and 269 families of bony fishes presented in this guide, representing all families known from the area. Each order and family presents a unique suite of taxonomic problems and relevant characters. The purpose of this preliminary section on technical terms and guide to orders and families is to serve as an introduction and initial identification guide to this taxonomic diversity. It should also serve as a general reference for those features most commonly used in identification of bony fishes throughout the remaining volumes. However, I cannot begin to introduce the many facets of fish biology relevant to understanding the diversity of fishes in a few pages. For this, the reader is directed to one of the several general texts on fish biology such as the ones by Bond (1996), Moyle and Cech (1996), and Helfman et al.(1997) listed below. A general introduction to the fisheries of bony fishes in this region is given in the introduction to these volumes. Taxonomic details relevant to a specific family are explained under each of the appropriate family sections. The classification of bony fishes continues to transform as our knowledge of their evolutionary relationships improves.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecography ECOG-01937 Hattab, T., Leprieur, F., Ben Rais Lasram, F., Gravel, D., Le Loc’H, F
    Ecography ECOG-01937 Hattab, T., Leprieur, F., Ben Rais Lasram, F., Gravel, D., Le Loc’h, F. and Albouy, C. 2016. Forecasting fine- scale changes in the food-web structure of coastal marine communities under climate change. – Ecography doi: 10.1111/ecog.01937 Supplementary material Forecasting fine-scale changes in the food-web structure of coastal marine communities under climate change by Hattab et al. Appendix 1 List of coastal exploited marine species considered in this study Species Genus Order Family Class Trophic guild Auxis rochei rochei (Risso, 1810) Auxis Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Top predators Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789 Balistes Tetraodontiformes Balistidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) Boops Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Basal species Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) Carcharhinus Carcharhiniformes Carcharhinidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasyatis Rajiformes Dasyatidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758) Dentex Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 Dentex Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Diplodus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Forage species Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758) Diplodus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous (Geoffroy Saint- Diplodus vulgaris Hilaire, 1817) Diplodus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Basal species Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Genomics of the Aeromonadaceae Core Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Regions
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Diposit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Comparative Genomics of the Aeromonadaceae Core Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Regions Gabriel Forn-Cuní, Susana Merino and Juan M. Tomás * Department of Genética, Microbiología y Estadística, Universidad de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08071 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] (G.-F.C.); [email protected] (S.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-93-4021486 Academic Editor: William Chi-shing Cho Received: 7 February 2017; Accepted: 26 February 2017; Published: 28 February 2017 Abstract: Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are an integral part of the Gram-negative outer membrane, playing important organizational and structural roles and taking part in the bacterial infection process. In Aeromonas hydrophila, piscicola, and salmonicida, three different genomic regions taking part in the LPS core oligosaccharide (Core-OS) assembly have been identified, although the characterization of these clusters in most aeromonad species is still lacking. Here, we analyse the conservation of these LPS biosynthesis gene clusters in the all the 170 currently public Aeromonas genomes, including 30 different species, and characterise the structure of a putative common inner Core-OS in the Aeromonadaceae family. We describe three new genomic organizations for the inner Core-OS genomic regions, which were more evolutionary conserved than the outer Core-OS regions, which presented remarkable variability. We report how the degree of conservation of the genes from the inner and outer Core-OS may be indicative of the taxonomic relationship between Aeromonas species. Keywords: Aeromonas; genomics; inner core oligosaccharide; outer core oligosaccharide; lipopolysaccharide 1.
    [Show full text]
  • CHECKLIST and BIOGEOGRAPHY of FISHES from GUADALUPE ISLAND, WESTERN MEXICO Héctor Reyes-Bonilla, Arturo Ayala-Bocos, Luis E
    ReyeS-BONIllA eT Al: CheCklIST AND BIOgeOgRAphy Of fISheS fROm gUADAlUpe ISlAND CalCOfI Rep., Vol. 51, 2010 CHECKLIST AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF FISHES FROM GUADALUPE ISLAND, WESTERN MEXICO Héctor REyES-BONILLA, Arturo AyALA-BOCOS, LUIS E. Calderon-AGUILERA SAúL GONzáLEz-Romero, ISRAEL SáNCHEz-ALCántara Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada AND MARIANA Walther MENDOzA Carretera Tijuana - Ensenada # 3918, zona Playitas, C.P. 22860 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur Ensenada, B.C., México Departamento de Biología Marina Tel: +52 646 1750500, ext. 25257; Fax: +52 646 Apartado postal 19-B, CP 23080 [email protected] La Paz, B.C.S., México. Tel: (612) 123-8800, ext. 4160; Fax: (612) 123-8819 NADIA C. Olivares-BAñUELOS [email protected] Reserva de la Biosfera Isla Guadalupe Comisión Nacional de áreas Naturales Protegidas yULIANA R. BEDOLLA-GUzMáN AND Avenida del Puerto 375, local 30 Arturo RAMíREz-VALDEz Fraccionamiento Playas de Ensenada, C.P. 22880 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ensenada, B.C., México Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada km. 107, Apartado postal 453, C.P. 22890 Ensenada, B.C., México ABSTRACT recognized the biological and ecological significance of Guadalupe Island, off Baja California, México, is Guadalupe Island, and declared it a Biosphere Reserve an important fishing area which also harbors high (SEMARNAT 2005). marine biodiversity. Based on field data, literature Guadalupe Island is isolated, far away from the main- reviews, and scientific collection records, we pres- land and has limited logistic facilities to conduct scien- ent a comprehensive checklist of the local fish fauna, tific studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Edna Assay Development
    Environmental DNA assays available for species detection via qPCR analysis at the U.S.D.A Forest Service National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation (NGC). Asterisks indicate the assay was designed at the NGC. This list was last updated in June 2021 and is subject to change. Please contact [email protected] with questions. Family Species Common name Ready for use? Mustelidae Martes americana, Martes caurina American and Pacific marten* Y Castoridae Castor canadensis American beaver Y Ranidae Lithobates catesbeianus American bullfrog Y Cinclidae Cinclus mexicanus American dipper* N Anguillidae Anguilla rostrata American eel Y Soricidae Sorex palustris American water shrew* N Salmonidae Oncorhynchus clarkii ssp Any cutthroat trout* N Petromyzontidae Lampetra spp. Any Lampetra* Y Salmonidae Salmonidae Any salmonid* Y Cottidae Cottidae Any sculpin* Y Salmonidae Thymallus arcticus Arctic grayling* Y Cyrenidae Corbicula fluminea Asian clam* N Salmonidae Salmo salar Atlantic Salmon Y Lymnaeidae Radix auricularia Big-eared radix* N Cyprinidae Mylopharyngodon piceus Black carp N Ictaluridae Ameiurus melas Black Bullhead* N Catostomidae Cycleptus elongatus Blue Sucker* N Cichlidae Oreochromis aureus Blue tilapia* N Catostomidae Catostomus discobolus Bluehead sucker* N Catostomidae Catostomus virescens Bluehead sucker* Y Felidae Lynx rufus Bobcat* Y Hylidae Pseudocris maculata Boreal chorus frog N Hydrocharitaceae Egeria densa Brazilian elodea N Salmonidae Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout* Y Colubridae Boiga irregularis Brown tree snake*
    [Show full text]
  • Acanthopterygii, Bone, Eurypterygii, Osteology, Percomprpha
    Research in Zoology 2014, 4(2): 29-42 DOI: 10.5923/j.zoology.20140402.01 Comparative Osteology of the Jaws in Representatives of the Eurypterygian Fishes Yazdan Keivany Department of Natural Resources (Fisheries Division), Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran Abstract The osteology of the jaws in representatives of 49 genera in 40 families of eurypterygian fishes, including: Aulopiformes, Myctophiformes, Lampridiformes, Polymixiiformes, Percopsiformes, Mugiliformes, Atheriniformes, Beloniformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Stephanoberyciformes, Beryciformes, Zeiformes, Gasterosteiformes, Synbranchiformes, Scorpaeniformes (including Dactylopteridae), and Perciformes (including Elassomatidae) were studied. Generally, in this group, the upper jaw consists of the premaxilla, maxilla, and supramaxilla. The lower jaw consists of the dentary, anguloarticular, retroarticular, and sesamoid articular. In higher taxa, the premaxilla bears ascending, articular, and postmaxillary processes. The maxilla usually bears a ventral and a dorsal articular process. The supramaxilla is present only in some taxa. The dentary is usually toothed and bears coronoid and posteroventral processes. The retroarticular is small and located at the posteroventral corner of the anguloarticular. Keywords Acanthopterygii, Bone, Eurypterygii, Osteology, Percomprpha following method for clearing and staining bone and 1. Introduction cartilage provided in reference [18]. A camera lucida attached to a Wild M5 dissecting stereomicroscope was used Despite the introduction of modern techniques such as to prepare the drawings. The bones in the first figure of each DNA sequencing and barcoding, osteology, due to its anatomical section are arbitrarily shaded and labeled and in reliability, still plays an important role in the systematic the others are shaded in a consistent manner (dark, medium, study of fishes and comprises a major percent of today’s and clear) to facilitate comparison among the taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • General Authority in Respect to the Importation of Non-Viable Fish And
    ANIMAL HEALTH ACT 1995 Section 18 (1) - General Authority I issue the following general authority under section 18(1) of the Animal Health Act 1995. Dated 2 July 2004 R.M. ANDREWARTHA Chief Veterinary Officer Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment General authority in respect of the importation of non-viable fish and of restricted fish material Citation 1. This general authority may be cited as the General Authority for Non-viable Fish and Restricted Fish Material 2004. Interpretation 2. (1) In this general authority, unless the contrary intention appears – " competent authority" means – (a) for a country other than Australia, an authority approved in writing by the Chief Veterinary Officer for the purposes of this General Authority; or (b) for a State, the Chief Veterinary Officer, or equivalent, of that State or a person approved in writing for the purposes of this General Authority by the Chief Veterinary Officer or equivalent of that State; "commercially sterile", for any material, means free of micro- organisms that are capable of growing in or on the material in the conditions it is likely to be subjected to during storage and distribution; "fish" means (a) bony fish of the class Osteichthyes; and (b) sharks, rays, lampreys and other cartilaginous fish of the classes Chondrichthyes and Agnatha; "heat treated" means the application of heat to maintain a core temperature of at least 71oC for at least 30 minutes; "inform" includes cause to be informed; "material" means – (a) a carcass, or part of a carcass, of fish;
    [Show full text]
  • Pleuronectidae
    FAMILY Pleuronectidae Rafinesque, 1815 - righteye flounders [=Heterosomes, Pleronetti, Pleuronectia, Diplochiria, Poissons plats, Leptosomata, Diprosopa, Asymmetrici, Platessoideae, Hippoglossoidinae, Psettichthyini, Isopsettini] Notes: Hétérosomes Duméril, 1805:132 [ref. 1151] (family) ? Pleuronectes [latinized to Heterosomi by Jarocki 1822:133, 284 [ref. 4984]; no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Pleronetti Rafinesque, 1810b:14 [ref. 3595] (ordine) ? Pleuronectes [published not in latinized form before 1900; not available, Article 11.7.2] Pleuronectia Rafinesque, 1815:83 [ref. 3584] (family) Pleuronectes [senior objective synonym of Platessoideae Richardson, 1836; family name sometimes seen as Pleuronectiidae] Diplochiria Rafinesque, 1815:83 [ref. 3584] (subfamily) ? Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Poissons plats Cuvier, 1816:218 [ref. 993] (family) Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Leptosomata Goldfuss, 1820:VIII, 72 [ref. 1829] (family) ? Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Diprosopa Latreille, 1825:126 [ref. 31889] (family) Platessa [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Asymmetrici Minding, 1832:VI, 89 [ref. 3022] (family) ? Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Platessoideae Richardson, 1836:255 [ref. 3731] (family) Platessa [junior objective synonym of Pleuronectia Rafinesque, 1815, invalid, Article 61.3.2 Hippoglossoidinae Cooper & Chapleau, 1998:696, 706 [ref. 26711] (subfamily) Hippoglossoides Psettichthyini Cooper & Chapleau, 1998:708 [ref. 26711] (tribe) Psettichthys Isopsettini Cooper & Chapleau, 1998:709 [ref. 26711] (tribe) Isopsetta SUBFAMILY Atheresthinae Vinnikov et al., 2018 - righteye flounders GENUS Atheresthes Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 - righteye flounders [=Atheresthes Jordan [D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Recent Distribution and Abundance of Non-Native Neogobius Fishes in the Slovak Section of the River Danube
    J. Appl. Ichthyol. 21 (2005), 319–323 Received: January 30, 2005 Ó 2005 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin Accepted: June 15, 2005 ISSN 0175–8659 The recent distribution and abundance of non-native Neogobius fishes in the Slovak section of the River Danube By P. Jurajda1,J.Cˇ erny´2, M. Polacˇ ik1,3, Z. Valova´1,3, M. Jana´cˇ 1,3,R.Blazˇ ek3 and M. Ondracˇ kova´1 1Department of Fish Ecology, Institute of Vertebrate Biology AS CR, Brno, Czech Republic; 2Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 3Department of Zoology and Ecology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Summary in the Sio´Channel (connecting Lake Balaton and the main The distributions of invasive Neogobius species were investi- Danube channel), and in the River Tisza and its tributary, gated in the Slovak section of the River Danube from the River Bodrog, both in Hungary (Ahnelt et al., 1998). Bratislava downstream to the village of Chl’aba. During More recently, monkey goby has been recorded in the October 2004, the main channel of the Danube was sampled, Slovakian Danube near Hungary (Stra´nˇ ai and Andreji, including by-pass, head-race and tail-race canals of the 2001) and a further upstream expansion of this species into Gabcˇ ı´kovo dam, backwaters and the lower-most sections of the Slovakian part of the River Bodrog can be expected the tributaries Maly´Dunaj, Hron, Va´h and IpelÕ. Three (Ahnelt et al., 1998; Kautman, 2001). Neogobius species already documented in Slovakia were An upstream expansion of racer goby has also been reported captured (monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis, bighead goby in River Danube basin (summarized in Copp et al., 2005), N.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua) Off Newfoundland and Labrador Determined from Genetic Variation
    COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua Newfoundland and Labrador population Laurentian North population Maritimes population Arctic population in Canada Newfoundland and Labrador population - Endangered Laurentian North population - Threatened Maritimes population - Special Concern Arctic population - Special Concern 2003 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2003. COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xi + 76 pp. Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge Jeffrey A. Hutchings for writing the update status report on the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, prepared under contract with Environment Canada. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Rapport du COSEPAC sur la situation de la morue franche (Gadus morhua) au Canada Cover illustration: Atlantic Cod — Line drawing of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua by H.L. Todd. Image reproduced with permission from the Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, Division of Fishes. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2003 Catalogue No.CW69-14/311-2003-IN ISBN 0-662-34309-3 Recycled paper COSEWIC Assessment Summary Assessment summary — May 2003 Common name Atlantic cod (Newfoundland and Labrador population) Scientific name Gadus morhua Status Endangered Reason for designation Cod in the inshore and offshore waters of Labrador and northeastern Newfoundland, including Grand Bank, having declined 97% since the early 1970s and more than 99% since the early 1960s, are now at historically low levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Information for Microbial Electrochemical Systems Outperform Fixed-Bed Biofilters for Cleaning-Up Urban Wastewater
    Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supplementary information for Microbial Electrochemical Systems outperform fixed-bed biofilters for cleaning-up urban wastewater AUTHORS: Arantxa Aguirre-Sierraa, Tristano Bacchetti De Gregorisb, Antonio Berná, Juan José Salasc, Carlos Aragónc, Abraham Esteve-Núñezab* Fig.1S Total nitrogen (A), ammonia (B) and nitrate (C) influent and effluent average values of the coke and the gravel biofilters. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. Fig. 2S Influent and effluent COD (A) and BOD5 (B) average values of the hybrid biofilter and the hybrid polarized biofilter. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. Fig. 3S Redox potential measured in the coke and the gravel biofilters Fig. 4S Rarefaction curves calculated for each sample based on the OTU computations. Fig. 5S Correspondence analysis biplot of classes’ distribution from pyrosequencing analysis. Fig. 6S. Relative abundance of classes of the category ‘other’ at class level. Table 1S Influent pre-treated wastewater and effluents characteristics. Averages ± SD HRT (d) 4.0 3.4 1.7 0.8 0.5 Influent COD (mg L-1) 246 ± 114 330 ± 107 457 ± 92 318 ± 143 393 ± 101 -1 BOD5 (mg L ) 136 ± 86 235 ± 36 268 ± 81 176 ± 127 213 ± 112 TN (mg L-1) 45.0 ± 17.4 60.6 ± 7.5 57.7 ± 3.9 43.7 ± 16.5 54.8 ± 10.1 -1 NH4-N (mg L ) 32.7 ± 18.7 51.6 ± 6.5 49.0 ± 2.3 36.6 ± 15.9 47.0 ± 8.8 -1 NO3-N (mg L ) 2.3 ± 3.6 1.0 ± 1.6 0.8 ± 0.6 1.5 ± 2.0 0.9 ± 0.6 TP (mg
    [Show full text]