Ecography ECOG-01937 Hattab, T., Leprieur, F., Ben Rais Lasram, F., Gravel, D., Le Loc’H, F

Home , Dentex, Diplodus, Diplodus annularis, Gobius, Melicertus, Orcynopsis unicolor

Ecography ECOG-01937 Hattab, T., Leprieur, F., Ben Rais Lasram, F., Gravel, D., Le Loc’h, F. and Albouy, C. 2016. Forecasting fine- scale changes in the food-web structure of coastal marine communities under climate change. – Ecography doi: 10.1111/ecog.01937

Supplementary material Forecasting fine-scale changes in the food-web structure of coastal marine communities under climate change by Hattab et al.

Appendix 1 List of coastal exploited marine species considered in this study

Species Genus Order Family Class Trophic guild

Auxis rochei rochei (Risso, 1810) Auxis Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Top predators Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789 Balistes Tetraodontiformes Balistidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) Boops Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Basal species Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) Carcharhinus Carcharhiniformes Carcharhinidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Dasyatis Rajiformes Dasyatidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758) Dentex Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 Dentex Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Diplodus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Forage species Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758) Diplodus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous (Geoffroy Saint- Diplodus vulgaris Hilaire, 1817) Diplodus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Basal species Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) Engraulis Clupeiformes Engraulidae Actinopterygii Basal species Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810) Euthynnus Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758 Gobius Perciformes Gobiidae Actinopterygii Basal species Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) Lithognathus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Forage species Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) Merluccius Gadiformes Merlucciidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 Mullus Perciformes Mullidae Actinopterygii Forage species Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 Mullus Perciformes Mullidae Actinopterygii Forage species Mustelus mustelus (Linnaeus, 1758) Mustelus Carcharhiniformes Triakidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Myliobatis aquila (Linnaeus, 1758) Myliobatis Rajiformes Myliobatidae Elasmobranchii Top predators (Geoffroy Saint- Orcynopsis unicolor Hilaire, 1817) Orcynopsis Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Top predators Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827) Pagellus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Forage species Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pagellus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Forage species Pagrus auriga Valenciennes, 1843 Pagrus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Pagrus caeruleostictus (Valenciennes, 1830) Pagrus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) Pomatomus Perciformes Pomatomidae Actinopterygii Top predators (Geoffroy Saint- Pteromylaeus bovinus Hilaire, 1817) Pteromylaeus Rajiformes Myliobatidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 Raja Rajiformes Rajidae Elasmobranchii Top predators Raja radula Delaroche, 1809 Raja Rajiformes Rajidae Elasmobranchii Macro-carnivorous Rhinobatos rhinobatos (Linnaeus, 1758) Rhinobatos Rajiformes Rhinobatidae Elasmobranchii Macro-carnivorous Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) Sardina Clupeiformes Clupeidae Actinopterygii Basal species Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847 Sardinella Clupeiformes Clupeidae Actinopterygii Basal species Sarda sarda Cuvier, 1829 Sarda Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 Scomber Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 Scomber Perciformes Scombridae Actinopterygii Forage species Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758 Scorpaena Scorpaeniformes Scorpaenidae Actinopterygii Forage species Scorpaena scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Scorpaena Scorpaeniformes Scorpaenidae Actinopterygii Forage species Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) Scyliorhinus Carcharhiniformes Scyliorhinidae Elasmobranchii Macro-carnivorous Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Serranus Perciformes Serranidae Actinopterygii Forage species Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758) Serranus Perciformes Serranidae Actinopterygii Basal species Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud, 1927 Solea Pleuronectiformes Soleidae Actinopterygii Forage species Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 Sparus Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Spicara maena (Linnaeus, 1758) Spicara Perciformes Centracanthidae Actinopterygii Basal species Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758) Spondyliosoma Perciformes Sparidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Squalus blainville (Risso, 1827) Squalus Squaliformes Squalidae Elasmobranchii Macro-carnivorous Symphodus cinereus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Symphodus Perciformes Labridae Actinopterygii Basal species Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) Trachurus Perciformes Carangidae Actinopterygii Forage species Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) Trachurus Perciformes Carangidae Actinopterygii Forage species Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus, 1758) Trigla Scorpaeniformes Triglidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre, 1788) Trigloporus Scorpaeniformes Triglidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758 Zeus Zeiformes Zeidae Actinopterygii Macro-carnivorous Sepia officinalis Linnaeus, 1758 Sepia Sepiida Sepiidae Cephalopoda Forage species Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 Octopus Octopoda Octopodidae Cephalopoda Forage species Eledone moschata (Lamarck, 1798) Eledone Octopoda Octopodidae Cephalopoda Forage species Loligo vulgaris Lamarck, 1798 Loligo Myopsida Loliginidae Cephalopoda Forage species Squilla mantis (Linnaeus, 1758) Squilla Stomatopoda Squillidae Malacostraca Forage species Penaeus kerathurus (Forskål, 1775) Melicertus Decapoda Penaeidae Malacostraca Basal species Trachysalambria curvirostris (Stimpson, 1860) Trachysalambria Decapoda Penaeidae Malacostraca Basal species Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798) Metapenaeus Decapoda Penaeidae Malacostraca Basal species

Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 1846) Parapenaeus Decapoda Penaeidae Malacostraca Basal species

Appendix 2 Climate and habitat variables used in the bioclimatic envelope model (BEM) and the habitat model.

Models Variables Description and derived metric Resolution Source

SST climatological composites were used to generate four relevant metrics: annual maximum, minimum, mean and AVHRR pathfinder SST Sea surface the annual range (the difference 5 arcmin (version 5) available at temperature (SST) between maximum and minimum http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/ represent proxies of seasonality and temporal variation in SST) from the

period 1982 to 2009 BEM

Derived from the Bio- ORACLE dataset which is a high-resolution global Sea surface salinity Mean salinity monthly climatologies datasets designed for 5 arcmin (SSS) from the period 1961 to 2009 Species Distribution Model applications (Tyberghein et al., 2012) available at http://www.oracle.ugent.be/ Depth, slope and aspect were extracted from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The aspect was transformed into two The bathymetric elevation derived variables: Eastness (values data was derived from Seafloor close to 1 represent an eastward aspect, 90-meter source soundings collected topography while values close to –1 represent a

by the INSTM referenced to westward aspect) and Northness the local tidal datum (values close to 1 represent a northward aspect, while values close to –1 represent a southward aspect). We reduced the original 15 seafloor types to 8 broad seafloor type as these Habitat modeling Habitat types represent relatively distinct physical environments supposed to Digital seafloor type data Seafloor type influence demersal marine species 90-meter was obtained from the distributions. We mapped the seafloor INSTM type by attributing to the centroid of each 0.0081 km² grid cell a seafloor category.

Appendix 3 Gulf of Gabes maps showing climatological anomalies by 2080-2099 projected under the A2 climate change scenario implemented with the Mediterranean climatic model NEMOMED8.

Appendix 4: Maps of (a) species richness, (b) number of links, (c) connectance, (d) Average Path Length, (e) percentage of basal, (f) forage, (g) macro-carnivorous and (h) top predator species per community, (i) mean trophic level (j) generality (k) vulnerability and (l) the average body size of assemblage, values for the baseline scenario (1982–2009) without the habitat modeling on the Gulf of Gabes.