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N-I ------NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES PAKISTAN (PVT) LIMITED Ef NESPAK HOUSE: 1-C, Block-N, Model Town Extension, Lahore 54700. Pakistan FN
Ref: 2632/023/MI/07/ 3 76 l 3th No b 20 0 6 stablished Since
Mr. Naseem Akbar Director Industrial Park Development Afghan Investment Support Agency (AISA) Opposite Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kabul, Afghanistan
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, BASIC PLANNING, PRELIMINARY DESIGN AND DETAIL ENGINEERING DESIGN OF TWO INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN AFGHANISTAN
Submission of Additional Copies of EIA Reports Dear Sir,
Please refer to your e-mail dated 12th November, 2006 on the subject.
As desired, we are pleased to submit five additional hard copies of EIA reports of Kamari and Hissar-e-Shahi industrial parks for further necessary action at your end.
Thanking you and assuring you of our best professional services,
For National Engineening Services Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited
(MUHAMMA ILYAS) General Manager / Head Geotechnical & Geoenvironrental Engineering Division
Encl: As stated
Telephone: 92-42-9090000 Fax: 0092-42-9231950 MOODY E-mail
AFGHAN INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY (AISA)
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, PLANNING STUDIES, PRELIMINARY DESIGN & FINAL ENGINEERING DESIGN OF TWO INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN AFGHANISTAN
| KAMARI INDUSTRIAL PARK I l
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) REPORT l I I I November 2006 I
NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES PAKISTAN (PVT) LIMITED I Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering Division NESPAK Hotuse, I C, Block N, Model Town Extension, Lahore - ] * >Tel: +92 042 9090000 Fax: +92 042 9231960 F * 06 Email: [email protected] * 2632iO23IFI79 (06) l Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK
EIA Report
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, PLANNING STUDIES, PRELIMINARY DESIGN & FINAL ENGINEERING DESIGN OF TWO INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN AFGHANISTAN KAMARI INDUSTRIAL PARK NEAR KABUL, AGHANISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Table of Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Background ...... 1-1 1.2 Project Rationale ...... 1-1 1.3 Location and Salient features of the project ...... 1-2 1.4 Regulatory Requirements ...... 1-3 1.5 Objectives of the Study ...... -3 1.6 Scope of the Study ...... - 3 1.7 Approach Adopted For EIA Study ...... 1-3 1.8 Structure of the Report ...... 1-5 1.9 EIA - Project Cycle ...... 1-6 CHAPTER 2 - POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK...... 2-1 2.1 General ...... 2-1 2.2 National Policy and Administrative Framework ...... 2-1 2.2.1 Environmental Act ...... 2-1 2.2.2 Land Acquisition Act ...... 2-2 2.2.3 Law on Private Investment in Afghanistan ...... 2-2 2.3 Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment In Afghanistan ...... 2-3 2.4 World Bank Environmental Guidelines ...... 2-3 2.5 Analysis of Bank's Safeguards ...... 2-4 2.6 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) ...... 2-5 2.7 Interaction with Other Agencies ...... 2-5 2.7.1 Federal NEPA ...... 2-5 2.7.2 Ministry of Urban Development and Housing ...... 2-5 2.7.3 District Administration ...... 2-6 2.7.4 Afghan Water Supply Authority (AWSA) ...... 2-6 2.7.5 Municipality of Kabul ...... 2-6 CHAPTER 3 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 3-1 3.1 General ...... 3-1 3.1.1 Implementation Plan of the Project ...... 3-1 3.2 Salient Features of the Master Plan ...... 3-2 3.2.1 Phasing ...... 3-2 3.2.2 Development of land use plan ...... 3-2 3.2.3 Zoning of Industries ...... 3-3 3.2.4 Typical Proposed Industrial Processes ...... 3-3 3.3 Preliminary Engineering Design ...... 3-6 Ii Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 3.3.1 Leveling and Grading ...... 3-6...... 3-6 3.3.2 Road Network ...... 3-6 3.3.3 Pavement Design ...... 3-7 3.3.4 Traffic Sign and Marking ...... 3-7 3.3.5 Water Supply ...... 3-7 3.3.6 Electric Power Supply ...... 3-7 3.4 Provisions for Environment, Health and Safety Hazards ...... 3-8 3.4.1 Waste Water Collection and Disposal System ...... 3-8 3.4.2 Storm Water Drainage ...... 3-8 3.4.3 Solid Waste Management System ...... 3-9 3.4.4 Fire Fighting ...... 3-9 3.5 Construction Material ...... 3-9 CHAPTER 4 - BASELINE CONDITIONS ...... 4-1 4.1 Project Area & Study Area ...... 4-1 4.2 Physical Environment ...... 4-1 4.2.1 Topography ...... 4-1 4.2.2 Geology ...... 4-1 4.2.3 Soil ...... 4-1 4.2.4 Seismicity ...... 4-1 4.2.5 Climate ...... 4-1 4.2.6 Hydrogeology ...... 4-2 4.2.2 Water Resources ...... 4-3 4.2.7 Ambient Air Quality ...... 4-6 4.2.8 Noise Levels ...... 4-7 4.3 Biological Environment ...... 4-8 4.3.1 Flora ...... 4-8 4.3.2 Fauna ...... 4-11 4.4 Species of Commercial Importance ...... 4-13 4.5 Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment ...... 4-14 CHAPTER 5 - ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 5-1 5.1 Delineation of Area of Influence ...... 5-1 5.2 Approach and Methodology ...... 5-1 5.2.1 Project Interaction Matrix ...... 5-2 5.2.2 Networks ...... 5-5 5.3 Impacts and Mitigations Measures of the Project Location ...... 5-6 5.3.1 Resettlement ...... 5-6 5.3.2 Forest Lands ...... 5-6 5.3.3 Flora and Fauna ...... 5-6 5.3.4 Historical and Cultural Sites ...... 5-7 5.3.5 Effect on Water Resources ...... 5-7 5.3.6 Industrial Activity ...... 5-7 5.4 Impacts of the Project Design ...... 5-8 5.4.1 Disruption of Hydrology ...... 5-8 5.4.2 Water Resources ...... 5-9 I ii Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 5.4.3 Water Quality ...... 5-9 5.4.4 Soil ...... 5-9 5.4.5 Aesthetics ...... 5-9 5.5 Impacts and Mitigations during Construction Stage ...... 5-10 5.5.1 Impacts on Land Resources ...... 5-10 5.5.2 Proposed Mitigation of Impacts on Land Resources ...... 5-11 5.5.3 Impact on Water Resources (Surface and Ground Water Quality) . 5-12 5.5.4 Mitigation of Impacts on Water Resources ...... 5-12 5.5.5 Impacts on Ambient Air ...... 5-13 5.5.6 Mitigations of Impacts on Ambient Air ...... 5-14 5.5.7 Impacts on Biological Resources ...... 5-14 5.5.8 Mitigation of Impacts on Ecological Resources ...... 5-15 5.5.9 Impacts on Socio-economic Resources ...... 5-15 5.5.10 Mitigation of Impacts on Socio-economic Resources ...... 5-17 5.6 During Operation Stage ...... 5-19 5.6.1 Impact on Land Resources ...... 5-19 5.6.2 Impacts on Water Resources ...... 5-24 5.6.3 Mitigations of Impacts on Water Resources ...... 5-29 5.6.4 Impacts on Air Resources ...... 5-31 5.6.5 Mitigations of Impacts on Air Resources ...... 5-32 5.6.6 Impacts on Biological Resources ...... 5-34 5.6.7 Mitigations of Impacts on Biological Resources ...... 5-34 5.6.8 Impacts on Socio-economic Resources ...... 5-36 5.6.9 Mitigation of Impacts on Socio-economic Resources ...... 5-37 5.6.10 Cumulative Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 5-38 5.6.11 Optimum Utilization of Natural Resources ...... 5-38 5.6.12 Potential Positive Impacts of the Project ...... 5-39 CHAPTER 6 - ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 6.1 General 6-1 ...... 6-1 6.2 No Project Option ...... 6-1 6.3 Project Site Location ...... 6-1 6.4 Water Source and Supply System ...... 6-2 6.5 Treatment and Disposal of Wastes ...... 6-2 CHAPTER 7 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ...... 7-1 7.1 General ...... 7-1 7.2 Regulatory Requirements and Applicable Standards ...... 7-1 7.2.1 National Regulatory Requirements ...... 7-1 7.2.2 World Bank Environmental Management Requirements ...... 7-2 7.2.3 Environmental Standards ...... 7-2 7.3 Environmental Mitigation Management Matrix ...... 7-3 7.4 Planning For the Implementation of EMMP ...... 7-20 7.4.1 NOC and Other Approvals ...... 7-20 7.4.2 Clearance of Mines and Explosives ...... 7.4.3 Contractual 7-20 Provisions ...... 7-20 I iii .I I_ _ _ Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report
7.4.4 Coordination with Stakeholders ...... 7-20 7.4.4 Monitoring ...... 7-20 7.4.5 Approvals ...... 7-20 7.4.6 Communication and Documentation ...... 7-20 7.4.7 Site Restoration Plan ...... 7-20 7.4.10 Project EMMP Review ...... 7-21 7.4.11 Review of Project Contracts ...... 7-21 7.5 Change Management Plan (CMP) ...... 7-21 7.6 Environmental Management System (EMS) ...... 7-22 7.7 Hazardous Waste Management ...... 7-25 7.8 Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Procedures ...... 7-30 7.9 Waste Management Plan ...... 7-30 7.10 Environment Management Cell of Industrial Units ...... 7-34 7.11 Contingency and Emergency Plan ...... 7-35 7.12 Institutional Arrangements for Implementation of EMMP ...... 7-36 7.12.1 Organizational Structure of AISA ...... 7-36 7.12.2 Institutional Setup for Implementation of EMMP ...... 7-39 7.12.3 Supervisory Consultants ...... 7-40 7.12.4 Project Contractor ...... 7-41 7.12.5 Role of Other Functionaries ...... 7-42 7.13 Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 7-44 7.13.1 Objectives ...... 7-44 7.13.2 Monitoring Strategy ...... 7-44 7.13.3 Monitoring Parameters and Frequency ...... 7-46 7.14 Commuoication and Documentation Plan ...... 7-47, 7.14.1 Kick-Off Meeting ...... 7-47 7.14.2 Meetings and Reports ...... 7-47 7.14.3 Social Complaints Register ...... 7-54 7.14.4 Change Record Register ...... 7-54 7.14.5 Final Monitoring Report ...... 7-54 7.14.6 Photographic Record ...... 7-54 7.14.7 Document Control ...... 7-54 7.15 Environmental Management and Monitoring Cost ...... 7-54 7.15.1 Environmental Management Cost ...... 7-54 7.15.2 Environmental Monitoring Cost ...... 7-55 7.15.3 Training Cost ...... 7-55 CHAPTER 8 - SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ...... 8-1 8.1 Social Surveys and Investigations ...... 8-2 8.2 Data Sources and Methodology ...... 8-3 8.3 Social Survey ...... 8-3 8.3.1 Households Surveyed ...... 8-3 8.3.2 Family Size ...... 8-4 8.3.3 Occupations ...... 8-5 8.3.4 Housing Conditions ...... 8-5 8.3.5 Income Sources and Expenditure ...... 8-6
iv Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report
8.3.6 Money Borrowed ...... 8-7 8.3.7 Purpose of Borrowing ...... 8-8 8.3.8 Other Basic Amenities ...... 8-8 8.3.9 Educational Status ...... 8-9 8.3.10 Public Health ...... 8-9 8.3.11 Cultural Values ...... 8-10 8.3.12 Role of Women ...... 8-10 8.3.13 Archaeological, Historical and Religious Sites ...... 8-10 8.3.14 Evaluation of Public Assets ...... 8-10 8.4 Anticipated Socio-Economic Impacts ...... 8-11 8.4.1 During Construction Stage ...... 8-11 8.4.2 During Operational Stage ...... 8-12 8.4.3 Group Discussions and Scoping Sessions ...... 8-12 8.4.4 Pressing Needs ...... 8-14 8.5 Remedial & Mitigation Measures ...... 8-15 8.5.1 CONSTRUCTION STAGE ...... 8-15 8.5.2 Operational Stage ...... 8-15 8.6 Outline of Social Management Plan (SMP) ...... 8-16 8.6.1 Introduction ...... 8-16 8.6.2 Health Facilities ...... 8-16 8.6.3 On Job Training and Training Centers ...... 8-16 8.6.4 Employment Opportunities ...... 8-17 8.6.5 Technical Education ...... 8-17 8.6.6 Need of Staffing For SMP ...... 8-17 8.6.7 Terms of Reference (TOR) for Broader Social Assessment .- ...... 8-18 CHAPTER 9 - CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 9-1 9.1 Conclusions ...... 9-1 9.2 Recommendations ...... 9-2 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Project Location Map Figure 1.2 Proposed Boundary of Kamari Site Figure 3.1 Proposed Master Plan of Kamari Site Figure 4.1 Existing Baseline Map Figure 5.1 Project Impact Network for Industrial Park at Kamari Site Figure 7.1 Organizational Setup for the Implementation the of EMMP Figure 7.2 Suggested Setup of AISA for the Implementation of EMMP LIST OF ANNEXURES & APPENDIX Annexure-l List of Persons Contacted, Offices Visited and Documents Consulted Annexure-l1 Organogram of the Government of Afghanistan Annexure-Ill Various Laws of Afghanistan Annexure-IV National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS)
v Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Annexure-V WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines Annexure-VI Laboratory Setup for NEPA Annexure-VII TOR for Broader Social Assessment Appendix-A Table A 1 to A 12 LIST OF TABLES PAGE# Table 3-1 Proposed Land Use Distribution of Kamari Industrial Park ...... 3-2 Table 3-2: Plot Composition in Kamari Industrial Park ...... 3-3 Table 4-1: Pump out tests Data in Logar Aquifer (BOCKH 1971) ...... 4-2 Table 4-2; Inventory of Groundwater Points ...... 4-4 Table 4-3; Trees Commonly Found in the Study Area ...... 4-8 Table 4-4: Common Shrubs & Herbs in the Project and Study Area ...... 4-9 Table 4-5 : Common Grasses in the Project and Study Area ...... 4-9 Table 4-6: Common Fruit Trees in the Study Area ...... 4-11 Table 4-7: Extinct Mammals in Study Area ...... 4-11 Table 4-8: Commonly Found Mammals in Study Area ...... 4-11 Table 4-9: Common Birds in Study Area ...... 4-12 Table 4-10: Domestic Animals in the Study Area ...... 4-13 Table 5-1: Impact Matrix without Mitigation ...... 5-3 Table 5-2: Impact Matrix with Mitigation ...... 5-4 Table 5-3: Estimation of solid waste generation ...... 5-20 Table 5-4: Solid Waste Characterization from individual industry ...... 5-20 Table 5-5: Estimation of wastewater generation from different industrial clusters ...... 5-25 Table 5-6 : Wastewater characterization of sample indEfstries-frontW~th-industrial sector ...... 5-27 Table 5-7: Pollution load generated from different industrial clusters ...... 5-28 Table 5-8: Pollution load generated from commercial areas and public utilities...... 5-29 Table 5-9: Recommended Trees for Plantation ...... 5-35 Table 5-10: List of Shrubs which can be planted ...... 5-35 Table 6-1: Comparison of Oxidation Ponds and Activated Sludge Systems .... 6-4 Table 7-1: Mitigation Management Matrix ...... 7-4 Table 7-2: Hazardous Waste Management Matrix ...... 7-26 Table 7-3: Proposed Environmental Monitoring Protocols ...... 7-48 Table 8-1: List of Interviews Conducted at Study Area ...... 8-4 Table 8-2: Total Family Members ...... 8-4 Table 8-3: Occupation / Employment Structure ...... 8-5 Table 8-4: Housing Conditions ...... 8-6 Table 8-5: Average Monthly Income for All Activities / Services in Study Area 8-6 Table 8-6: Average Monthly Expenditure (US Dollar) ...... 8-6 Table 8-7: Amount Borrowed (US$) ...... 8-7 Table 8-8: Purpose of Borrowing ...... 8-8 Table 8-9: Sources of Drinking Water by Respondents ...... 8-8
vi Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK
EIA Report Table 8-10: Livestock Population ...... 8-9 Table 8-11: Education Level of the Respondents ...... 8-9 Table 8-12: Public Consultation/Scoping Sessions ...... 8-13
PHOTOLOGS
vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AASHTO American Association of Standards for Highway and Transportation AD Assistant Director ADB Asian Development Bank AIMS Afghan Information Management System AISA Afghanistan Investment Support Agency BHU Basic Health Unit BOD5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand BP Bank Procedures CAR Correction Action Request CBR California Bearing Rates CEO President / Chief Executive Officer CMP Change Management Plan CO Carbomono Oxide COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CWTP Central Wastewater Treatment Plant dB(A) Desi bell Category "A" EA Environmental Assessment EC Electric Conductivity EIA Environment Impact Assessment EMMP Environmental Management & Monitoring Plan EMP Environmental Management Plan EO Environment Officer EPA Environmental Protection Agency ERP Emergency Response Plan ES Environment Specialist ESPO Environment & Social Protection Officer EVS Electrical Resistively Survey FAO Food & Agriculture Organization FER Fortnightly Environmental Report GDP Gross Domestic Product GPM Gallon per Minutes HA Highly Adverse HB Highly Beneficial HC Hydrocarbon HCI High Commission for Investment Hg Mercury HSE Health Safety & Environment IA Investor's Association IA Industrialist Association ICB International Contract Bidding IDPA Industrial Parks Development Authority ILO International Labor Organization IMC Independent Monitoring Consultant IP Industrial Park IPDA/I PDD Industrial Park Development Authority/Department IRC International Refugee Commission KV Kilo Volt LA Low Adverse LB Low Beneficial LHVs Lady Health Visitors MA Medium Adverse MB Medium Beneficia! MD Medical Doctor MER Monthly Environmental Report MGD Million Gallons per Day MGD Million Gallons per Day mm Milli meters MMM Mitigation Management Matrix MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets MV Million Volts NEPA National Environmental Protection Agency NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NESPAK National Engineering Services (Pvt) Limited NGOs Non Governmental Organizations N02, N03 Noxious Gases NOC NO Objection Certificate NO, Oxides of Nitrogen NVDA Nangarhar Valley Development Authority O None / Insignificant O&M Operation & Maintenance OC Degree Centigrade OD Operational Directives OMS Operational Manual Statements OP Operational Policies PAP's Project Affected Persons PCC Plain Cement Concrete pH Power of Hydrogen PM Particulate Matter PM10 Particulate Matter upto 10 micron size PPE Personnel Protective Equipment PPE's Personnel Protective Equipment PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete RE Resident Engineer ROW Right of Way RP Resettlement Plan SA Social Assessment SC Supervisory Consultants SCS Stationery Container System SMP Social Management Plan S02 Sulpher Dioxide SOP Standard Operating Procedures So,, Oxides olf Sulpher TA Technical Assistance TDS Total Dissolved Solids TOR Terms of Reference TSP Total Suspended Particulates TSS Total Suspended Solids UNEP United Nation Environmental Program UNHCR United National High Commission for Refugees US United States US$ United States Dollar USA United States of America USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency WB World Bank WB OP World Bank Operating Procedures WHO World Health Organization EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1- INTRODUCTION
The soviet invasion and ensuing civil war destroyed much of the under-developed Afghanistan's limited infrastructure, industries and disrupted normal patterns of economic activity. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has fallen substantially after 1981 and revived to some extent in year 2004 but still country is facing acute unemployment, less export, and bad economy due to industrial as well as agricultural less economic growth. Currently, Afghanistan's import reaches to some US $5 billion against US $450 million of export. About half of the import includes cooking oil, soft drinks, processed food, construction materials, etc. Therefore, country is in desperate need of developing its own resources especially the industrial sector in order to stabilize their economy.
AISA is responsible to develop the new industrial parks/estates to provide investors access to the developed land to set up professionally managed industrial estates. These modern parks, and accommodate small, medium and large-size firms offer investors, the strategically located in several key industrial areas. Kamari Industrial Park is one of those industrial parks/estates planned by AISA to achieve the ultimate objectives of the government's policy.
It is important to mention that EIA will be updated at certain stages of the project as aiven below:
* Planning Studies/Preliminary Design * Detailed Design * Constricting Stage 3 Operational Stage These stages are actually part of the project cycle. This EIA is being prepared at preliminary design stage of the project and obviously it is expected that at other stages certain technical changes along with changes in the administrative decisions may differ with the proposals of the EIA. Secondly, in EMMP (Chapter 7.0) there are studies that have to carry out at later stages. Therefore, this EtA will be updated as an when required. However, it is recommended that changes at construction and operation stages shall only be included in EMMP.
2- REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
The most -project relevant laws are -the Environmental Act, which has been recently approved by the Govemment of the Afghanistan, the Land Acquisition Act of Afghanistan, and World Bank Operational Directive 4.01.
i). Environmental Act Environmental Act has been promulgated to give effect to Article 15 of the Constitution of Afghanistan and provided all the management issues relating to rehabilitation of the environment, conservation and sustainable use of natural resources, living organisms and non-living organisms. As per this act, National Environmental Protection Agency
ES-I (NEPA), as an independent institutional entity, is responsible for coordinating and monitoring conservation and rehabilitation of the environment, and for implementing this act. NEPA is also responsible for the issuance of Environmental Permits after review of environmental assessment report of the projects. The Project Proponent is responsible for submission of environmental assessment reports to NEPA to get NOC/Permits.
ii). Land Acquisition Act The land acquisition will be carried out according to the Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of Afghanistan. Section-40 of the Constitution of Afghanistan contains relevant legal provisions for the compulsory acquisition of land in the public welfare. As per-the current practice, compensation is to be provided based on the Government rates determined by the legally constituted committee. The Act also states that the person, who loses residential land, will receive a new plot of land of same value. The LAA is, however, limited to a cash compensation policy for the acquisition of land and built-up property, and damage to other assets, such as crops, trees, and infrastructure. The LAA does not consider the rehabilitation and resettlement of disrupted populations and the restoration of their livelihoods.
iii). Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment in Afghanistan Guidelines for EIA in Afghanistan was published in 2003 and 2nd revision was published in 2004. These guidelines provide clear guidance to those involved in the EIA process as to how to proceed with the initial stage of project screening to final compilation of EIA studies
iv). World Bank Guidelines The Project has also to comply with the applicable World Bank Guidelines, which control the environmental and social issues related with-the projeet-implementation. The major--- operational policies and operational directives related to the Project include Operational Policies (OP) 4.01, and OP/BP 4.12, which sets policies relating to the involuntary rasettlement of population disrupted by the project.
3- APPROACH ADOPTED FOR EIA STUDY
The EIA study of the proposed industrial park has been carried out in a systematic manner. This included collection of secondary data, maps and related literature. Field surveys were carried out to collect the primary data and public consultation. Three basic areas were covered for the data collection as summarized below:
i). Physical Environment This includes soils, Land-use pattern of the area, buildings, cultural properties, archaeological monuments and historical sites, private/public--infrastructure, drainage aspects of the Project Area, water resources, air pollution and noise sources. ii). Biological Environment This includes forests and game reserves in the Study Area, existing vegetation, estimation of cutting of trees, wet lands (if any), migratory species, endangered species both flora and fauna, wildlife, beneficial plants and animals including aquatic life (if any).
ES-2 iii). Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment This includes identification of villages falling in the study area, and data collection of all the socio-economic parameters including demographic characteristics, literacy status/education, nature of business/occupation, livelihood/income, existing social infrastructure etc.
Besides consultation with knowledgeable people during reconnaissance of the Project Area, consultation with local communities, meetings with the Government and non- Government Agencies were carried out.
To assess the irhpacts related with the project activities both during construction and- operation stages, similar projects were reviewed and impacts were identified and assessed based on the interaction and network analysis methods for all the stages of the proposed project. Mitigation measures were proposed and an Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) was developed.
4- PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed Kamar Industrial Park site of area 135 ha is located in Kabul Province, Bagrami District in east of Kabul City at a distance of about 10 km and about 1.5 km from Kabul-Jalalabad Highway. It measures about 135 ha. The area can be categorized as hilly terrain with gradual slope and few undulations over the proposed site. The plan of Kamari industrial park is predominantly rectilinear pattern with a mix of curvilinear form of development matching the site topography. After discussions with the AISA representatives and World Bank team in Kabul, it has been decided to develop the park under two phases- in terms of physical areas as well as in terms of infrastructure services. As regards to physical areas, Phase - I comprising of about 60% of total area (78 ha) would be developed first. Furthermore, the level of services are further categorized as option 1, option 2 and option 3, defined on the basis of leaving out certain components of each infrastructure service.
Implementation Plan of the Project The proposed Project will be implemented in the following stages: Design Stage Construction of Infrastructural Development Works Stage Construction of Industrial Units and Operation and Maintenance Stage
Development of Land Use Plan Details of different land uses in proposed Kamari industrial park are as given below:
Sr. Land Uses ______Area ( Ha) ______Percentage No. Phase-I Phase-1l Total ______1 Industrial Area 44.6 43.5 88.1 65.3 2 Commercial Area 1.5 0.0 1.5 1.1 3 Roads/ Streets 23.9 13.3 37.2 27.5 4 Parks/ Play Grounds 2.9 0.0 2.9 2.1 5 Public Uses/ Utilities 5.1 0.2 5.3 4.0 78.0 57.0 135.0 100.0
ES-3 ZONING OF INDUSTRIES Kamari industrial park is envisaged to house four different types of industries which include: * Light engineering * Food processing * Leather garments * Carpet Weaving.
Preliminary Engineering Design The preliminary engineering design of following infrastructure services has been carried out: a) Leveling and Grading Leveling and grading will be carried out in two stages, (a) leveling and grading for roads and (b) leveling and grading for development of zones. The alignment of roads has been kept to follow the existing gradients so as to avoid excessive cut and fill. b) Road Network Road network shall consist of two types of roads with ROW of 50m, 40m and 30m. The' access road of about 1.5 km from main highway (Kabul-Jalalabad) is also proposed. The ROW of this road shall be 50m. It will be a dual carriageway of three lanes each way with 5m wide median. c) Water Supply System
To meet the water requirements of the Industrial Estate, it was planned to utilize the water through a transmission line passing along the main highway to Jalalabad. However, matter-yet has to be finalized by the AISA. Based on the recent discussions between AISA, Afghan Water Supply Authority (AWSA) and World Bank (WB) following system is to be adopted for the water supply of Kamari Industrial Park with settlements of certain issues i.e. AWSA will request the World Bank for US$ 4.0 million to construct the supply source, since it will benefit the Bank's industrial park project and the residential area and Consultant's will include this work under MTP-1, if funding is assured. Therefore, the proposed system of water supply to Kamari industrial park could be delayed and be addressed at a later stage when GoA will assure provision of US$10 million to AISA. d) Electric Power Supply It is estimated that the Industrial Park at Kabul with the Industrial Park fully developed a Grid station of 80 MVA is required. A 220 kV transmission line is coming from Uzbekistan to Kabul with the scheduled commissioning of 220 kV Grid Station near Kabul in 2007-2008. This grid station is in principle a switching station in order to boost up the existing 110 kV network. It is proposed that the 110 kV transmission network will extended to meet the power requirement of Kabul Industrial Park. This gridf station will be located well within the area already in possession of AISA. So, no additional land acquisition will be required for erection of facility. e) Waste Water Treatment Plant A gravity wastewater collection and disposal system will be planned and designed for this project. Wastewater from the industrial units and commercial areas will be disposed
ES-4 off into Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (CWTP) of capacity 0.4 MGD. It has been proposed to consider two units of CWTP to be constructed at the same location. The capacity of each plant will be about 0.2MGD. The waste water treatment plant will be located on land owned by AISA, so no additional land acquisition is envisaged for installation of waste water treatment plant. f) Storm Water Drainage The storm water drainage will be planned keeping in view the topography of the project site. Drains will be provided in the median along the roads to collect the storm water runoff and dispose off to retention ponds. Retention ponds will be designed during the detailed design stage. g) Solid Waste Management System In case of new industrial establishments, solid waste generation rate can not be judged, because it depends on type of industry, production capacity etc. It is expected that about 6500 to 10000 workers in each phase shall be employed in industrial park based on 50 to 75 workers/ha. The estimated generation based on 1.0 kg/worker/day will be about 6.5 to 10 tons/day/phase. A transfer Station will be provided along with the landfill. It is recommended that site for landfill shall be identify by AISA before the disbursement process.
5- ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS
A-Physical Environment i). Topography The project site is located in the east of Kabul at a distance of 10 km. The topography of the proposed area is a piedmont plain sloping from south-east to north-west towards the centre of valley and the elevation of the area near foot hill ranges from 1852 m to 1816 m above mean sea level. The site is surrounded by hills on the southern and eastern side, ii). Geology The proposed area is located along the foot hill of the mountain range extending in north-east direction and comprising rock of phyllites type belong to Precambrian period. Geophysical Survey has revealed the total thickness of the sediments in Kabul basin is up to 600 m. Mountains surrounding the project site are brownish to black in color and consist of sandstone, siltstone, conglomerates, dolomites and shale. Valley areas consist of conglomerates, sand, loess and loams. iii). Soil The top soil layer of the Project.-Area is comprised of admixture of sandy silt/clayey silt with debris, gravels, which changes to clayey silt near the northem boundary. The sub- surface near northern boundary of the proposed Project area comprises of an accumulation of terrestrial and lacustrine sediments consists of mainly sand and gravel. iv). Seismology The project lies in the area of high seismic zone, characterized as 'Major Damage Probable" and needs every precaution while constructing buildings to minimize the seismic impacts.
ES-5 vi). Climate The tract falls in lower central region of Afghanistan, having semi-arid and dry temperate climate. Average maximum temperature during winter months i.e. December, January and February is 5.6 0C, while average minimum temperature is -6 0C. Average maximum temperature during summer (May, June and July) is 28.68 °C and average minimum temperature is 11.68 °C. vii). Water Table of Logar Basin As per BOCKH 1971 report, water table on the left bank of Logar was fairly shallow, lying between 30 to 80 cm in the low lying flatter areas and between 1.5 m to 2 m in the higher regions. On the right bank of the Logar, the water table had the depth 5 to 10 m below ground surface. Present water table in north western part of the industrial park is reported about 27 m (90 ft). While at Hussain Khel area about 500 m north of the Project Area, water table is about 10.5 m (35 ft) and at Logar Well field water table is reported at 16 m (52 ft). viii). Water Sources a). Surface Water No perennial and non perennial surface water source passes through the proposed Project Area. However, a non perennial nullah called Darya-Ye-Lowgar passes at about 400 meters in north of the proposed industrial park and drains the whole valley towards south-west direction. b). Groundwater Source The nearest potential area for groundwater development for the industrial park is the Logar Well field located at about 5 km in south-west of the proposed project site, which is a part of Logar basin. At Logar well field, 10 tube wells were observed of depth ranges from 42 m to 60 m of designed capacity 40 litres/sec (1.42 cusec) each have already been installed for Kabul water supply scheme. The reported water table in the area was 16 m. More tube wells has been planned to install in near future to meet the increasing water requirement of Kabul City. In the proposed area of Kamari Industrial Park, only one deep hand pump is installed at 100 ft depth in the NGO training camp of de-mining centre located in the north westem comer. The reported water table at this location was 90 ft against total depth of 100 ft. xi). Ambient Air Quality and Noise Levels Sources of air pollution for CO, NOx, Smoke and Hydrocarbons (HC) are the vehicles mostly traveling through the site tracks and also the vehicles of Military and De-mining NGO. The pollution load of these air contaminants is higher in day time. Dust is the major pollution at site. There is grass cover over the site which helps to reduce the dust pollution in the Study Area. Similarly, in the village of Hussein Khel there are about 10 to 25 brick kilns working near to the Project Site. Most of them are not in the operational condition. However, due to direction, the smoke emitted by these kilns adds pollution to the site. Main road of Lata Bund is under construction these days.
Ambient air quality was monitored for SO2, NO2 and CO in the Project and Study Area to record the baseline information. Results reveals that the ambient air quality and noise levels are high in some places and are within limits as per WHO, PAK NEQS etc.
ES-6 B-Biological Environment
i). Flora Surrounding hills on the south eastern side are completely devoid of trees and contain only small shrubs or herbs. The valley area in which Project is located contains only herbs and has no trees at all. Common shrubs and herbs in and around the Project Area are Pegnum Harmnala, Mentha Arvensis, Alhaji Camelorum and Fagonia Eretica etc. the Project Area has been excessively grazed and only roots of grasses are visible.
At present no agricultural activities at project site. However, in the foothills adjacent to the Project Area, rain fed agriculture is practiced in the land so Karaz Bakar. There are no national parks reserves and no rare or endangered species were observed and neither reported by the local as well as officials of the agriculture department of Kabul. ii). Fauna The Study Area had a diversified fauna, ranging from big mammals to small birds and insects. Reptiles such as snakes and lizards are frequently sighted in the area. Agama agillis, which is a lizard of agama family, is abundant in the tract. C-Socio-economic and Cultural Environment
Settlement pattern of the Study Area is of rural nature. The villages around Kamar, Site are Karaz Bakar, Daminah, Hussain Khel, Qala Mohsin, Kamari Village and Arzan Kemat. Majority of the houses of these villages are katcha i.e. mud houses, Tent/shed and some houses are made of bricks and cement.
Only three major occupations have been observed in the area i.e. private service (34%), trading (20%) and labor (28%). The women have no formal role in the authority structure of the villages in the Project and Study Areas. People of the area have the tradition of cooperating with each other. In case of conflicts, the community tries to mediate by involving senior wise men and common friends of the parties.
There is no relocation issue within the Project boundary. However, initially, a boundary wall of a house was falling within the Project Area and residents of the house were not willing to relocate.
6- ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
For impact identification, various methods are available including the checklists, interaction matrices, and networks along with review of similar projects, consultations with Government, NGOs and local population. In the following paragraphs only significant impacts along with their mitigation measures have been discussed. The environmental parameters which will be insignificantly affected by the Project Activities shall not require any mitigation measures and thus have not been discussed. i). Impacts and Mitigations Measures of the Project Location Resettlement: The project boundary marked at initial stage was causing the disruption of boundary wall of one cemented house and two temporary tent houses of nomads within the Project Area. Two (2) nomad families with temporary tents were voluntarily agreed to relocate without any compensation in the nearby area. However, in order to. resolve the relocation of boundary wall of cemented house, Consultants in consultation with AISA
ES-7 made some changes in the demarcation of industrial park. After this readjustment of boundary wall, there is no resettlement involved during implementation of project.
Water Resources: No perennial and non perennial surface water sources passes through the proposed industrial park. The nearest potential area for groundwater development for the industrial park is the Logar Well field located in south-west, which is a part of Logar basin. Since the proposed park is not located within the Logar Well field therefore, no impact is anticipated due to the location.
ii). Impacts and Mitigation of the Project Design v Disruption of Hydrology: It is expected that natural drainbge pattern of the area will not be changed as the existing nullah at a distance of about 400 m in the northern boundary of the project will not be disturbed by the Project activities. The project area drainage has been planned keeping in view the topography of the area. It has been ensured that disruption of natural drainage pattem will be kept minimum by provision of drain on the eastern side of project boundary to cater for storm water.
Water Resources: Local water supplies will need to be tapped to meet campsite and construction requirements and Local water supplies may be affected due to implementation of project both in quantity as well as quality. A system of water storage, pump stations and pipe network is proposed in preliminary engineering design to mitigate the above impacts. To meet the water requirements for industrial park, decision is still pending and will be finalized at later stage.
Water Quality: The project (operation) is expected to generate wastewater, which may pollute the surface and groundwater sources. In order to minimize this impact, a Central Wastewater Treatment plant of capacity 0.4 MGD (CWTP) has been proposed. iii). Impacts and Mitigation- Construction Stage, Land Acquisition: The proposed Project will not involve the acquisition of private land. The land was owned by the Afghan Military and now has been transferred to AISA/Industrial Parks Development Authority (IPDA).
Soil Contamination: Construction activities will generate chemicals which can damage and pollute existing soils. Another source of soil contamination is the discarded construction materials that include chemicals, wires, plastics, cut pieces of pipes, pieces of empty fuel and lubricants tins and cardboard packing and other discarded materials. Oil leakages, chemicals and other materials will be minimized by providing appropriate storage places depending on the type of material for storage. Workers must be familiar with the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) of each chemical used at site. MSDS are provided with each chemical drum.
Waste from. Construction Camps: Construction camp will generate residential waste, which can pollute the surface water. Proper primary or on-site treatment technologies should be provided such as septic tanks along with soak pits.
Natural Drainage: The left over bulk excavated material at site in loose form will cause dust pollution and hindrance in natural drainage of the area. As a mitigation measure, it is proposed that the proper storage place of each type of material to be used during the construction to be build to avoid any hindrance to natural slope.
ES-8 Surface and Ground Water Quality: As there is no surface water resource in the Study Area, therefore, no significant impact is envisaged on the surface water. Surface drainage from the industrial zone flows towards the well field area, where water table of the aquifer is shallow. Since the proposed industrial area is located along the officials declared protection zone of the Logar well field, therefore, any pollution from the proposed industrial park will risk to the well field, which is the life line for the inhabitants of Kabul city. Further, sewage will be generated at the construction camps. If the generated sewage is not properly treated or disposed of, this may contaminate the surface and ground water resources. Oil and hazardous material spills may contaminate the groundwater.
To avoid the chemicals and oil spillage in storm water runoff during excavation and filling each material should be stored with boundaries around it. Contractor should take effective measures not to implement any activity that may become danger to Logar Well Field and AISA should allocate land to contractor away from Logar Well Field. Similarly utmost care should be taken to avoid any spills of oils and hazardous chemicals by best management practices and good house keeping and following the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
Ambient Air The emissions factor for fugitive dust (E) comes out to be 12.58 lbs/vehicle- mile (5.7 kghehicle-mile). It indicates that each vehicle moving on dirt track with a speed of 30 mph will produce 5.7 Kgs of fugitive dust for each traveled mile. During the detail design stage, when total number of construction vehicles and length of dirt tracks can be estimated, total amount of fugitive dust can be quantified. Mitigation measure would be to sprinkle water on regular basis.
Local CommunitiesiWorkforce: During the construction phase the general mobility of the local residents and their livestock in and around the project area is likely to be hindered. Unmonitored construction activities, e.g. blasting may create an accident risk for- the local residents particularly their children at quarry sites. Blasting will be carried out during the fixed hours (preferably during the mid-day). The timing will be made known to all the people within 500 m from the blasting site in all directions. People, except those who actually light the fuse shall be evacuated from a radius of 200 m from the blasting site at least 15 minutes before blasting. Temporarily and for short duration, the Contractor has to select specific timings for construction activities at periphery of the Project along which community activities exists so as to cause least botheration to the local populabon considering their peak movement hours.
Gender Issues: The rural women normally use the open field latrines early in the morning and late evening. Their privacy may suffer due to the project activities. The induction of outside labor may create social and gender issues due to the unawareness by them of local customs and norms. It will also cause hindrance to the mobility of local women. Project facilities will be located at a minimum distance of 500 m from the existing settlements and built-up in order areas to avoid disturbance to local community (women, children etc.). The Contractor will have to select the specific timings for the construction activities particularly along periphery of the project, so as to cause least disturbance to the local population particularly women considering their peak movement hours.
ES-9 iv). Impacts and Mitigation measures at Operation Stage
Soil Contamination: The project operation will result into generation of substantial quantities of solid waste from different industries. The expected solid waste generation based on 1.0 kg/person/day shall be about 6.5 to 10 tons/day. This waste may have significant impact on soil if a proper arrangement for its collection, transportation and disposal is not made. In order to avoid soil contamination due to solid waste, it is proposed to design and implement proper solid waste management system.
Natural Drainage: It has been ensured that project will not disrupt the natural drainage of the area. One drain has been proposed on the eastern side of the pseect boundary to facilitate the drainage and dikes are proposed on the southem side to prevent the project from flooding. The water from the dikes will be diverted to the nullah called Darya-Ye- Lowgar about 400 m from the project boundary.
Water Quality: Considerable amount of wastewater is anticipated to be generated due to the operation of industrial units. Any contamination from the proposed industrial area may risk to the shallow aquifer in Logar Well Field which ultimately can affect human health. It is recommended that each industrial unit shall extract or eliminate the metals and other hazardous chemicals before they enter into the CWTP which is proposed as mitigation measure to avoid surface water pollution. The pollution load generated by the industrial clusters has been estimated as given below:
S,r Parameter Industrial Cluster No Food Light Carpet Leather Comm- Public Processing Engineering Weavin Garments ercial Utilities 1. BOD __9 Areas 2. (Kg/Day) 351 200 114 86 9 18 2. COD (KG/Day) 468 300 170 129 13 27 3. Suspende d Solids 468 175 99 76 7 16
The pollution quantification from each individual industrial could not be done at this stage however, characterization of one sample industry from each industrial cluster has been done as given below:
ES-10 Sr No. Industrial Sample Industry Wastewater Characterization I Cluster 1. Light Engineering Tile Wastewater will mostly be generated from manufacturing workers in industries and other utilities. Process wastewater quantities are very less in this industry. 2. Food Processing Cooking oil Typical liquid effluents from cooking oil industry are: . pH--3.5-4.5
. BO0 5 (mg/l)-9000 . COD (mg/l)-1 5000 . TSS (mg/l)-25000 3. Leather Shoe Mostly organic chemicals generated from Garments manufacturing leather shoe manufacturing. For a pair of 100 tennis shoes, 2 lbs of organic chemicals are
_produced. 4. Carpet Carpet cutting, The process do not generate substantial Manufacturing Washing and amount of wastewater
Finishing _
It is suggested that wastewater from industrial processes and sanitary sources should be properly treated before its disposal or reuse. It has been proposed to provide an Activated Sludge System, which is feasible in contrast to oxidation pond system. The treated waste water will follow the FAO agriculture standards and will be used for watering of green area, and plantation being proposed by the Project.
Air Pollution: Most of the industries will cause air emissions resulting in deterioration of ambient air quality and ultimately effecting human health. NO, and SO, will be dry deposited around the emission sources and when carried away may cause wet deposition in the form of acid rain. Emissions from air pollution sources will be brought within permissible limits of National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) Pakistan. In order to brought back the emissions to NEQS levels, air pollution abatement technologies will need to be implanted within the industry such as air bags, cyclones etc. the removal efficiency and cost implications of these pollution abatement technologies should be kept in mind while selecting devices. To bring air quality upto NEQS levels, mitigation measures by each industry will be carried out. Industry specific process modifications will also be adopted for control of air pollution. For instance, process modification for tile industry may include:
(a) Reducing the amounts of materials in the fuel which vaporize at furnace temperature. (b) Increasing the fraction of recycled gas in the furnace fuels; (c) Installing sensing and control equipment on the furnace; (d) Modifying the burner design and firing patterns;
Gender Issues: The rura! women normally use the open field latrines and their privacy may suffer due to the project activities. The induction of outside labor during operation of industrial estate may create social and gender issues due to the unawareness by them of local customs and norms. It will also cause hindrance to the mobility of local women. The induction of outside workforce may cause spread of diseases like HIV and Hepatitis in the surrounding communities due to their unethical involvement with locals.
ES-1 I IDPA will warn the staff strictly not to involve in any un-ethical activities and to obey the local norms and cultural restrictions particularly with reference to women. In this stage, women of the project as well as the Study Area should be given a chance to indulge in different kind of activities. Sewing centers and other technical centers should be opened for the women of the Project Area. But by little training, women will be as useful as men. So, it is expected that women will be given employment opportunity during the construction and operation stage of the Kamari Industrial Park.
7- ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
The project options considered included the followings: * No-project option * Project Site Location * Water Source and Supply System * Disposal and Treatment of Waste * Electric Supply Power Source
i). No Project Option The sources of traditional economic growth of Afghanistan needs to be replaced over by more dynamic and sustainable growth drivers through private entrepreneurship which is evident throughout Afghanistan's economy. A striking feature of recent economic performance in Afghanistan has been the slow progress in fostering the development of a strong, dynamic private sector that invests in Afghanistan's future (including medium- and longer-term investments by sizable business enterprises. If no project option is accepted then the economy of the country will not stabilize, hundreds of jobs which are anticipated to be created by the development and operation of the Project will be lost apart from country wide positive impacts such as increase in per capita income, provision of job opportunities, decrease in crimes, enhancement of exports, promotion of technical know-how and skills to the locals and social stability. ii). Project Site Location The proposed Project site was selected by AISA for the development of industrial park considering the following environmental ahd social aspects: * Accessibility of site * Safe distance from urban settlements and future expansion of Kabul City * Availability of water resources * Less damage to the existing environment * Safe distance from sensitive habitat * Availability of Land * Minimum Disruption of settled population * To provide altemative livelihood resources to the people of area to discourage the illegal sources of income like cultivation of Opium Poppy, etc. iii). Water Source The total water demand of the industrial park is approximately 0.61 MGD. Surface water is not available in the vicinity of the proposed industrial park. Groundwater table near north western boundary of the Project Area is about 90 ft and is about 32 ft at a distance of about 500 m near Hassan Khel at valley centre. Being very closed to the foothill, the thickness of the aquifer in the Project Area appears very limited, therefore this option cannot be utilized. The third option was to provide water to industrial park from
ES-12 transmission line passing along the main highway to Jalalabad, which is not yet finalized and will be decided later. However, this option will be adopted. iv). Treatment and Disposal of Wastes Separate system for collection of wastewater has been adopted instead of combined system. For the treatment works, "Activated Sludge System" has given more advantage on oxidation ponds system. v). Solid Waste Sanitary landfill is the only feasible option for final disposal system that has been adopted for the proposed project. Composting is only applicable where more than 60% waste is biodegradable, which is not possible in industrial park cases. Incineration is feasible for hospital waste only. vi). Electric Supply Power Source It is proposed that a 110 kV transmission network should be extended from 220 kV Grid Station near Kabul which is scheduled to be commissioned in 2007-2008 through a 220 kV transmission line from Uzbekistan to Kabu. Option for provision of a self generation power plant is not feasible due to high capital investment and O&M costs.
8- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN
A comprehensive EMMP has been prepared to effectively manage and monitor the environmental and social impacts of the project. The salient features of EMMP are as under:
Environmental Mitigation Management Matrix: To manage the environmental and social impacts of the Project, significant negative impacts have been identified and their mitigations have been proposed. For the ease to understand and identify the impacts and to implement their mitigations, a mitigation matrix has been developed as a ready reference for the proponent and contractor to minimize the negative impacts or to manage activities in such a manner to avoid any adverse negative impact. As EIA study has been conducted at master planning and preliminary design stage, so a change management plan has been proposed to update the EMMP.
Environmental Management and Monitoring: Implementation of the EMMP is the sole responsibility of Contractor at construction stage and AISA/IPDA at O&M stage through private investors. The Supervisory Consultant will be responsible for monitoring of EMMP activities and to ensure the compliance of EMMP. Internal Auditing will be carried out by AISA/IPDA and external auditing by NEPA. The primary aim of the auditing is to assess compliance and effectiveness of the EMMP as well as-the alternative environmental and social objectives, and also to assess the effectiveness of previous corrective actions. Audit will also suggest. remedial measures to overcome the environmental and social problems.
During operation stage, Investors Association will arrange a manager who will be responsible for implementation and monitoring of EMMP. AISA/IPDA will be responsible for periodic internal auditing. NEPA being a regulatory authority will monitor/audit the implementation of legislations and regulations issued at time to time. NEPA will inspect the Project as and when required or complaints received from any agency/NGO for not fulfilling the national legislations of the country.
ES-13 Capacity Development and Training: To enhance the environmental management and monitoring capacity of the AISA/IPDA, an Environment and Social Protection Officer (ESPO) at headquarters has been inducted in the AISA/IPDA organization. Initially to train the AISAtIPDA environmental staff for primary level of monitoring and further working with NEPA and to develop environment operation manuals, services of an Expatriate Environmental Specialist (ES) will be hired by the AISA. As AISA and NEPA has no environmental monitoring equipments, so some handy equipment to monitor at site have been proposed for AISA and an environmental laboratory along with staff and cost has been proposed for NEPA. The senior staff of Project functionaries like AISAIIPDA, NEPA, District Administration, etc. will be trained trough number of trainirtg- sessions conducted by the ES. In addition, Contactor and Supervisory Consultants will be responsible to provide trainings to the staff at their own end.
Environment Management and Monitoring Cost: The cost for implementation of environmental mitigations at Contractor level will be the part of his contact. Similarly, monitoring cost will bie the part of contract of Supervisory Consultant who will be responsible for monitoring of EMP activities. Cost for induction of ESPO and ES staff along with required equipment and training has already been included in the total Project Cost by the AISA.
9- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
It may be concluded that there are some significant negative impacts but would be of short term during the construction stage. However, there are a few negative impacts that would be expected during the operational stage but their intensity can be reduced by taking appropriate measures. The main environmental issues are related to physical impacts like soil contamination, groundwater contamination, air pollution, high noise level, etc. However, by adopting abatement technologies such as treatment plants (activated sludge system), air bags, cyclones, electrostatic precipitators, development of buffer zones and grassy areas intensity of negative impacts can be minimized. There impact on flora and fauna is insignificant. Readjustment of project site area has eliminated the relocations of household.
It may be concluded that if proper mitigation measures as proposed in this report be implemented, the Industrial Park will cause the least effect on the area's existing environmental and social setting. On the other hand, it is expected that Project will generate about 6,500 to 10,000 employment opportunities to the residents of the area.
Although comprehensive mitigation measures have been proposed in the report to minimize the negative impacts and to enhance the positive impacts of the Project, however, major recommended mitigation measures include provision-of retention ponds within the proposed storm water network, control of soil erosion, groundwater contamination, air pollution and high noise levels with the use of good engineering practices, adoption of pollution control devices and process modifications. Stringent law enforcement by AISA in collaboration with Local District Administration to discourage any cottage industry within the vicinity of the Project Area and strict implementation of EMMP are identified as key elements for environmental friendly implementation of the Project.
ES-14 Certain studies have been proposed in this report as given below and should be incorporated in the change management plan.
3- Eco-Efficiency Study and Cleaner Development Plan which will be carried out at early in the implementation phase once the facility's participants will be known. This study will be carried out by an individual consultant at an approximate cost of US$ 20,000/-. - Preparation of detailed EMS as per ISO 14000 for Industrial Park by the environment specialist to be hired by AISA, based on the generic guidelines provided in EMMP. I- Up-dation of the Hazardous Waste Management framework based on the periodic review by NEPA to enable the AISA to develop and incorporate an appropriate strategy to the Waste Management Plan.
In addition, any unforeseen conditions arise at operation stage, or change in characterization of the effluents, changes may be carried out in EMMP by the AISA
ES-15 Kamari Industrial Park AISA t NESPAK
EIA Report
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION I 1.1 Background Afghanistan's ethnically diverse population of 25 million is coming together around the goal of national unity, and exhibits grounds well support for economic and political progress. There is no longer a transitional government installed by a Loya Jirga in 2002; there has been a general election. Significant international efforts to reconstruct Afghanistan are currently-underway, led by the United States and other international donors. Different infrastructural Development- Programs has been established by international financial institutions such as the World Bank (WB), the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the government of USA. Business infrastructure is improving rapidly. In September 2002, Government of Afghanistan signed the Law on Domestic and Foreign Private Investment in Afghanistan, which allows, 100% foreign ownership, full transferability of profits outside of the country, international dispute resolution mechanisms, and stream-lined investment licensing procedures. The law encourages and supports private domestic and foreign investors. Its aim was to foster economic recovery, expand the labor market, advance national revival, improve the standard of living, and help in Afghanistan's reconstruction process. Investment in an enterprise can be in the form of cash, credit, goods, services or other forms, such as intellectual property, trademark and copyright. Qualified domestic or foreign entities may engage in investment in all commercial and manufacturing activities. Since the approval of the investment law, over 5,700 investment licenses have been approved. Afghanistan's Ministry of Commerce inaugurated in September 2003 the Afghan Investment Support Agency (AISA), a "one-stop shop" for investors to receive necessary documents and other information for establishing a business venture. The Afghan government-has considered privatization-of state-industry.and the development- of oil, gas, and precious and semi-precious stones to attract foreign investors. In view of the high demand for the allocation of industrial plots by entrepreneurs, AISA has decided to develop an industrial park near Kabul city. AISA awarded the contract of consultancy services for 'Environmental Assessment, Planning Studies, Preliminary Design and Final Engineering Design of Two Industrial Parks" to National Engineering Services Pakistan (NESPAK) (Pvt) Ltd. This report 'Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)" has been prepared as per Terms of Reference (TOR) at the Preliminary Design of the Proposed Project. 1.2 Project Rationale The soviet invasion and ensuing civil war destroyed much of the underdeveloped Afghanistan country's limited infrastructure, industries and disrupted normal patterns of economic activity. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has fallen substantially after 1981 and revived to some extent in year 2004 but still country is facing acute unemployment, less export, and bad economy due to industrial as well as agricultural less economic growth. Currently, Afghanistan's imports reach to some 5 billion US dollars aginst $450 million of exports. About half of these imports include cooking oil, soft drinks, processed food, construction materials, etc. Afghanistan shares borders with six neighbors- Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China and Pakistan and is considered a "land bridge". For centuries Afghanistan has been the hub connecting Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. Today,
1-1 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK
EIA Report Afghanistan is ideally situated to again function as a strategic gateway, serving landlocked countries to the north and the Iranian and Pakistani seaports to the south. For the Central Asian republics and Russian industrial centers of west Siberia, Afghanistan is potentially the shortest route to the open sea. For Pakistan, Afghanistan offers a primary route for the trade with Central Asia. One of the steps taken to boost the country's economic condition, to provide employment opportunities, rehabilitation of thousands of families rendered homeless and jobless due traumatic experience of long drawn war and to achieve self reliance to minimize imports and to enhance exports is the setting up of Industrial Estates all over Afghanistan. AISA is responsible to develop the new industrial parks/estates to provide investors access to the developed land to set up professionally managed industrial estates. These modern parks offer investors the benefits of high-quality infrastructure as reliable power supply in "build to suit" sites, strategically located in several key industrial areas. Designed to accommodate small, medium and large-size firms, the parks help investors to avoid costly title disputes, and to reduce risks and delays associated with land acquisition zoning and permitting. Kamari Industrial Park is one of those industrial parks/estates planed by AISA to achieve the ultimate objectives of the govemment policy. 1.3 Location and Salient features of the project Kamari Industrial Park is located in Bagrami District of Kabul Province at a distance of 10 km-east of Kabul on the- Kabul-Jalalabad road at about 1.5 km distance. The site is located about 5 km from Logar Well Field. The proposed Project Area is about 135 ha. Originally the land was owned by the Afghan Military Force which has been transferred to the AISA. Figure 1.1 (a and b) shows the location of Kamari site. Figure 1.2 shows the project boundary of this site. The proposed industries that would be accommodated under the proposed project are as follows: * Light Engineering * Food Processing *Leather Garments *Carpet Weaving The salient features of the proposed industrial park project are as under: *Road Network * Water supply and Wastewater collection/disposal system * Storm water drainage system * Solid waste system * Public and Utility uses * Hospital * Recreational Club * Technical institutes * Electric Supply and Distribution system Commercial Areas Landscaping and open spaces
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SUPPORT AGENCY (AISA) Fax:042 +2 2319 C SALEM AKTAWPROPOSED BOUNDARY OF OEE) KAMARI SITIE I DRAWINGN2632/013/P/2 01 I I I I I i Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report The proposed project will be developed under two phases- in terms of physical areas as well as in terms of infrastructure services. As regards to physical areas, Phase - I comprising of about 60% of total area (78 ha) would be developed first. Furthermore, the level of services are further categorized as option 1, option 2 and option 3, defined on the basis of leaving out certain components of each infrastructure service. 1.4 Regulatory Requirements Afghanistan's Environmental Protection Act has been recently approved by the government which makes it mandatory to carryout the environmental assessment for the developmental projects which may cause the damage to the environment. Similarly, World Bank's OP 4.01 also requires an Environmental Assessment (EA) for the projects being financed by the bank to ensure that the project is environmental friendly and sustainable. 1.5 Objectives of the Study This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared keeping in view the TOR as provided by the Client. The objectives of the EIA study are to identify the possible negative environmental impacts of the project as presently envisaged and propose the required mitigation measures to be implemented to avoid the negative impacts. The main objectives of the study include: * Water and air pollution, noise and related nuisance during the construction periods. * Biological and chemical pollution load resulting from future industrial activities on Industrial Estates, including air emissions, liquid and solid wastes, * Health risk and various nuisances associated with liquid and solid waste disposal, * Rights of Way for the facilities, networks (water and electricity) and their impacts on present land use and activities. * Preparation of a detailed Environmental Management & Monitoring Plan (EMMP) for the adverse environmental and social impacts. 1.6 Scope of the Study This EIA Study has been carried out at the master planning and preliminary design stages of the project. In spite of the fact, that very limited details of the Project are available at this stage, but efforts have been made to assess the impacts and to propose their mitigation measures for project activities particularly related with operation stage. However, the data/information which needs to be updated or require detailed studies at detailed design or operation stage has been identified in change management plan in Chapter 7. A mechanism has been provided to include the findings of those data/information and studies in EIA report. 1.7 Approach Adopted For EIA Study The Consultants carried out the EIA study of the proposed industrial park in a systematic manner. This included collection of secondary data, maps and related literature, field surveys for primary data collection, public consultation, and desk studies. Theses are summarized below: Reconnaissance survey of project area: A preliminary reconnaissance survey of the Project area was carried out on March, 2006. The purpose of this survey 1-3 Kamari industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report was to familiarize the EIA team with the physical, ecological and socioeconomic environment of the project area and surrounding areas and identify the critical areas of environmental and social concems. In this respect, consultation was also made with knowledgeable people. * Secondary Data Collection: Secondary data pertaining to meteorology, land use, geology, flora and fauna, etc. was collected from the secondary sources. An effort was also made to collect the available maps of the project area from AIMS. * Field surveys: Surveys were carried out from 20'h July to 5"' August 2006 in order to investigate physical, ecological, and socioeconomic conditions of the Project Area and Study Area (see Chapter 4) and identifying resources falling within the proposed Project Area. To collect the baseline information checklists were prepared covering the following major parameters: i). Physical Environment a) Soils b) Landuse pattern of the area including agricultural crops, barren lands, and hilly area. c) Buildings including residential, commercial and animal use for complete/ partial relocation within the Project Area. d) Cultural properties like mosques, shrines, mazars, graveyards etc. e) Archaeological monuments and historical sites. f) Other private/public infrastructure like telephone poles, hand pumps, tubewells. g) Drainage aspects of the Project Area. h) Water resources availability both surface and groundwater. i) Air pollutions sources. j) Noise pollution sources. In order to get the baseline information about the water and air quality as well as noise levels, monitoring was carried out within the Study Area. ii}. Ecological Environment a) Forests and game reserves in the Study Area. b) Existing vegetation in the Study Area. c) Trees to be cut due to the project implementation d) Wet lands within the vicinity of the Project Area. e) Migratory species especially migrating birds. f) Endangered species both flora and fauna. g) Wildlife in the Project Area. h) Beneficial plants and animals in the Project Area i) Aquatic life including fish resources, etc. iii). Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment a) Enlistment of villages falling in the Study Area along with demographic information. 1-4 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report b) Socioeconomic profiles of villages in Study Area. The following major aspects were covered in the socioeconomic baseline survey of the sample population settled within and along the Project Area: * Demographic characteristics * Literacy status/education * Nature of business/occupation * Livelihood/income * Living standard of the population * Access to credit * Social Infrastructure available * Gender issues * Pressing needs of the people * Community perception about the Project, etc. c) Public Consultations: Besides consultation with knowledgeable people during reconnaissance visit of the Project Area, consultation with local communities through scoping sessions was carried out during the field surveys. These included general public residing along the Project Area and targeted stakeholders that are likely to be affected directly by the implementation of the Project. The purpose of the consultation meetings was to assess stakeholders' views on the existing condition of the Project Area, concerns stemming from the impact of construction and operation - activities, as well as safety-related issues. Meetings with Government and non-government Agencies/Organizations: To share the Project information and to get concerns, views, apprehensions/perceptions of the government officials as well as non-government organizations (NGO) about the proposed project. The government institutions which were visited during field survey in July, 2006 include AISA, NEPA, Ministry of Agriculture, District Administration Bagrami, Kabul Municipality, Ministry of Water and Power, Irrigation Department, Forest Department, Meteorological Department, Biology Department, University of Kabul. NGO for de-mining of mines, Kabul, Military Commander of Government of Afghanistan (GoA). Review of Similar Projects: To assess the impacts related with the project activities both during construction and operation stages, similar projects were reviewed including Bagrami Industrial Park Afghanistan, Sunder Industrial Estate, Pakistan and Gateway City Industrial Estate, Thailand. After collection of primary and secondary data, analysis was made to assess the impacts of the Project's existing environment. The impact assessment methods used including network method and impact matrix (for details see Chapter 5). List of persons contacted, offices visited and document consulted is attached as Annexure-l. 1.8 Structure of the Report The report is structured as under: Chapter 2 provides the country's environmental policy, legal and administrative framework applicable to the project together with the World Bank safeguards and Guidelines. Chapter 3 presents the description of the project including project components. project activities causing negative impacts, design parameters, detail of 1-5 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report and Chapter 4 describes in detail the existing environmental infrastructure facilities etc. and the Study Area considering the physical, ecological social baseline conditions of at the design, Chapter 5 exhibits the impacts assessment social environments. with their mitigation and operational stages of the proposed project along construction negative impacts. Chapter need to be taken in order to minimize the effect of measures EIA study. Chapter 7 the analysis of alternatives considered during the 6 provides framework required for effective depicts EMMP along with proposed institutional of EMMP. Chapter 8 provides the socio-economic implementation and monitoring the consultations carded out during the course of baseline conditions, stakeholders for the need impacts and their mitigation measures and recommendations study, social 9 gives the conclusions and of the broader Social Assessment study. Chapter recommendations. 1.9 EIA - Project Cycle The proposed project has the following stages: * Planning Studies/Preliminary Design * Detailed Design Constricting Stage Operational Stage at preliminary form the project cycle. This EIA is being prepared These stages will at other stages certain of the project and obviously it is expected that design stage decisions may differ with the changes along with changes in the administrative technical 7.0) there are studies that have to proposals of the EIA. Secondly, in EMMP (Chapter will be updated as an when required. carry out at later stages. Therefore, this EIA construction and operation stages shall However, it is recommended that changes at only be included in EMMP. 1-6 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report CHAPTER 2 - POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 2.1 General This Chapter provides an overview of the policy framework, national legislation and World Bank environmental and social assessment guidelines that apply to the proposed project. The project is expected to comply with all national legislations relating to the environment in Afghanistan, and to obtain all the required regulatory clearances. 2.2 National Policy and Administrative Framework The political turmoil in Afghanistan as a result of its 25 years of civil war and foreign invasion including an era of almost lawlessness and frequently changing regimes has made serious impacts on its legal and administrative framework. The present Govemment is still trying to consolidate itself in a number of areas and provinces. Organogram of Afghanistan central government is attached as Annexure-ll. The constitution of Afghanistan has been recently redrafted under the present regime and the process of legal and administrative consolidation and practice is taking its effect. Consultant's team has carried out a study of the existing relevant legislation relevant to environment and social as well as the prevailing administrative system in the Study Area. A list of the various laws of Afghanistan is given as Annexure-Ill. The most relevant of these laws are the Environmental Act which has been recently approved by the Government of the Afghanistan and Land Acquisition Act of Afghanistan, which has been reviewed in detail for the preparation of this EIA report. 2.2.1 Environmental Act Environmental Act has been promulgated to give effect to article 15 of the Constitution of Afghanistan and provide for the management of issues relating to rehabilitation of the environment, conservation and sustainable use of natural resources, living organisms and non-living organisms. The law clarifies administrative roles at the national level and coordination with provincial authorities. It spells out frameworks for managing natural resources conservation and biodiversity, drinking water, pollution control and environmental education. As per this act, NEPA, as an independent institutional entity, is responsible for coordinating and monitoring conservation and rehabilitation of the environment, and for implementing this act. NEPA is also responsible for the issuance of Environmental Permits after review of environmental assessment report of the projects. This law clearly defines the functions and powers of the NEPA. Following is the structure of NEPA: . Director General * Deputy Executive * Committee for Environmental Coordination . National Environmental Advisory Council - * Sub-national Environmental Advisory councils * EIA Board of Experts NEPA is also responsible to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the environmental legislations and regulations to improve the sustainability of the use and management of natural resources and the effectiveness of measures for conservation and rehabilitation of the environment. To achieve the functions and goals, NEPA will actively coordinate and cooperate with ministries, Provincial Councils, District and 2-1 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Village Councils, public bodies and private sector on all issues related to sustainable use of natural resources and conservation and rehabilitation of the environment. Similarly, Afghanistan Environmental Protection Act empowers the NEPA to take legal action against the non-compliance of environmental legislations and regulations and penalties may be imposed from cancellation of license to six months imprisonment, or payment of a cash fine equivalent to the damage caused or evens both. 2.2.2 Land Acquisition Act The land acquisition will be carried out according to the land acquisition laws of Afghanistan. Section-40 of the Constitution of Afghanistan contains relevant legal provisions for the compulsory acquisition of land in the public welfare. As per the current practice, compensation is to be provided based on the Government rates determined by the legally constituted committee. In case a land and property is acquired the owner gets: * The value of land, * The value of residential houses and buildings (commercial, industrial, religious), * The value of trees and orchards, and * Other assets on land. The Act also states that the person, who loses residential land, will receive a new plot of land of same value. If they wish they can get a residence or house on Government property in exchange under the proper procedures. The LAA is, however, limited to a cash compensation policy for the acquisition of land and built-up property, and damage to other assets, such as crops, trees, and infrastructure. The LAA does not consider the rehabilitation and resettlement of disrupted populations and the restoration of their livelihoods. As there is no private land acquisition and resettlement is involved in the Project, so no special provisions were required to make the compensation compatible with World Bank OP/BP 4.12. Although for this specific project land to be acquired for the proposed Industrial Park belongs to government i.e. Afghan Military Force, therefore, it is anticipated that no issues should arise in transferring the land from Afghan Military to AISA. 2.2.3 Law on Private Investment in Afghanistan Law on Private Investment in Afghanistan was latest amended in December, 2005. This legislation has been adopted to encourage, support and protect private investments and enterprises under Afghan constitution, article (10), based on market economy regulations and governing its related affairs. As per this law the administrative structure for the policy making for investment is High Commission on Investment. For the implementation and monitoring of this law, High Commission on Investment has formed AISA. The High Commission is composed of: Minister of Commerce, Minister of Finance, * Minister of Foreign Affairs, * Minister of Economy, * Minister of Mines and Industries, * Minister of Agriculture, Animal husbandry and Food, * President of Da Afghanistan Bank, 2-2 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Chief Executive Officer of AISA as a non-voting member, and * Two representatives from the private sector as non-voting members, which will be appointed annually by the Chamber of Commerce of Afghanistan for one-year term. 2.3 Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment In Afghanistan Guidelines for EIA in Afghanistan was published in 2003 and 2nd revision was published in 2004. The purpose of this document was to take the first step in developing a formal EIA procedure in Afghanistan. This procedure will form the basis of an administrative process which can be adopted by the Government of Afghanistan. These guidelines provide clear guidance to those involved in the EIA process as to how to proceed with the initial stage of project screening. Following are the major heads of these guidelines: Scoping in the EIA Process * Guidance on Preparing Environmental Impact Studies and Environmental Management Plans * Administrative Procedures for Submission and Review of EIA Reports * Guidance on Public Consultation in the EIA Process * Environmental Monitoring for EIA Projects * Auditing of EIA Studies The development and implementation of these guidelines will depend primarily on improving the capacity within the Government to be able to adequately manage the process. By necessity these guidelines provide some overall information on the EIA process both from a technical and administrative perspective. During the preparation of this EIA report these guidelines were consulted. 2.4 World Bank Environmental Guidelines It is a prerequisite of the World Bank that the Government seeking for financial assistance from the Bank for the development projects should carry out EIA and prepare environmental management and resettlement plans (OP 4.01). It is also required that the environmental and resettlement related planning should meet the requirements of the Bank's operational directives and policies. The environmental and resettlement regulations and guidelines of the World Bank have been spelled out in the World Bank Operational Manual comprising documents relating to Operational Policies (OP) and Bank Procedures (BP). These were originally issued in the form of Operational Manual Statements (OMS), majority of which were later, after updating, issued as Operational Directives (OD). Now these have further been updated and issued as Operational Policies/Procedures. However, where Operational Policies have not so far been issued, reference has been made to ODs. Operational Policies (OP) 4.01 Besides identifying the general policy of the World Bank about the EIA, this document lays down the procedures and guidelines for conducting EIA of the projects including the aspects to be considered in EIA, public consultation and information disclosure procedures. It also provides environmental screening guidelines for classifying the projects into various categories (A, B, C and Fl). 2-3 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Operational Policies (OP) 4.01 Annex A This document provides definitions of terms that are frequently referred to in an EA, as these appear in the Bank's perception and policies. Operational Policies (OP) 4.01 Annex B This document provides guidelines for the preparation of EIA report for Category "A" projects (i.e. projects with significant adverse environmental impacts). Operational Policies (OP) 4.01 Annex C This document provides procedures and policies for preparation of EMMP, including aspects like mitigation measures, monitoring requirements and institutional capacity building and training. Operational Policies (OP/BP) 4.12 This OP sets policies relating to involuntary resettlement of population disrupted by the project. Priority of the Bank's policy is to avoid displacement of the population. However, if it is unavoidable it should be kept to a minimal. For that matter Bank provides guidelines for considering altematve alignments of the project and making modifications in the design. This document also provides guidelines for conducting census surveys, preparing Resettlement Plan (RP) and reporting procedures. The major guidelines are given as below: I Involuntary resettlement should be avoided (where feasible) or minimized * If relocation needs to be carried out, the displaced persons shall be consulted and should have opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs. * The policyla[so -emphasis the identification of direct-economic and-social impacts. * Preparation of a Resettlement Plan or Resettlement Policy Framework Besides these OPs and ODs, the Bank has produced three volumes of Environmental Assessment Sourcebook in 1991, which have been updated lately. The sourcebook provides detailed discussion on Bank's policies, procedures, cross-Sectoral issues, and Sectoral guidelines for the preparation of EIA. 2.5 Analysis of Bank's Safeguards The following World Bank's Safeguards have been triggered out for the Project based on the field investigations related to environment as well as social sectors. Operational Policies (OP) 4.01 OP 4.01 identifies the general policy of the World Bank about the EIA, lays down the procedures and guidelines for conducting EIA of the projects including the aspects to be considered in EIA, public consultation and information disclosure procedures. Annex B of the policy provides the contents of EIA and Annex C exhibits objectives and contents of EMMP, Capacity Development and Training, etc. As the Project is being financed by World Bank, so EIA will follow the guidelines developed in OP 4.01. 2-4 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Operational Policies (OPIBP) 4.12 This policy deals the issues and concerns related with proposed Project and provide the guidelines to mitigate the adverse impacts on the local community particularly their relocation. As one boundary wall of a house was envisaged to be disrupted by the Project, so compensation and relocation of the affectees will be in accordance with the guidelines laid down in OP 4.12. 2.6 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) Since Afghanistan does not have any standards for water, wastewater, air and noise. Therefore, keeping in view the similar conditions, Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) has been taken for reference purposes. NEQS were first promulgated in 1993 and have been amended in 1995 and 2000. In case Pakistan NEQS are not available for any specific parameter such as in case of ambient air quality, drinking water and water for agriculture purposes, the standards applicable like USEPA, WHO, Japan, FAO, etc. has been consulted and referred in the report that which will be applicable. * The following standards are specified therein: * Maximum allowable concentrations of pollutants (32 parameters) in municipal and liquid industrial effluents discharged to inland waters, sewage treatment facilities, and the sea (three separate sets of numbers) . Maximum allowable concentrations of pollutants (16 parameters) in gaseous emissions from the industrial sources * For power plants operating on oil and coal * Maximum allowable emission of sulfur dioxide * Maximum allowable increment in concentration of sulfur dioxide in ambient air . Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (2 parameters) in gaseous emissions from vehicle exhaust and noise emission from vehicles. NEQS are attached as Annexure-IV. 2.7 Interaction with Other Agencies AISA is responsible for ensuring that the project complies with the laws and regulations controlling the environmental concems of the construction and operation of proposed Industrial Park, and that all pre-construction requisites, such as permits and clearances are met. This section describes the nature of the relationship between the AISA and the concerned line departments. 2.7.1 Federal NEPA AISA will be responsible for providing the complete environmental documentation required by NEPA-Afghanistan as proposed Project falls in their jurisdiction and will remain committed to the approved project design. AISA will be responsible to submit the EIA report to NEPA for NOC/Permit. No deviation is permitted during the project implementation without the prior and explicit permission of the concemed NEPA. 2.7.2 Ministry of Urban Development and Housing AISA will coordinate to get approval for the plan from Ministry of Urban Development and Housing prior to start of the Project construction activities. The proposed Project was the part of the Master Planning of Kabul City. AISA is being coordinating with Ministry of Urban Development and Housing on day to day basis. 2-5 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 2.7.3 District Administration As the proposed Industrial Park is falling in the jurisdiction of Bagrami District, AISA is responsible to coordinate with district administration. In this regard, AISA has conducted several meetings with the district administration and has committed to continue the coordination in future. 2.7.4 Afghan Water Supply Authority (AWSA) Based on the discussions between AISA, Afghan Water Supply Authority (AWSA) and World Bank (WB) system to be adopted for the water supply of Kamari Industrial Park with settlements of certain issues i.e. AWSA will request the World Bank for provision of US$ 4.0 million funds to construct the supply source since it will benefit the Bank's industrial park project and the residential area and then Consultant's will include this work under. MTP-1, if funding is assured. Therefore, AISA will make coordination with AWSA for the proposed system of water supply to Kamari industrial park. 2.7.5 Municipality of Kabul To make the arrangements for solid waste management, AISA will also coordinate with Municipality of Kabul to sort out the solution of the matter. 2-6 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report CHAPTER 3 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION provides an overview of the proposed Project including implementation This Chapter provisions made plan, proposed infrastructural development works, public facilities and in preliminary design for environment, health and safety hazards. 3.1 General road in Kamari Industrial Park site is located 1.5 km from Kabul-Sarobi The proposed 135 ha. The Kabul Province, Bagrami District in east of Kabul City. It measures about as hilly terrain with gradual slope and few undulations over the area can be categorized with site. The plan of Kamari industrial park is predominantly rectilinear pattern proposed Topographic of curvilinear form of development matching the site topography. a mix the ground of the site were carried out at contour interval of 1 meter to verify surveys are safe and not realities. This is of utmost importance in design of usable areas, which to develop. The survey revealed that the site has a gentle slope with physically difficult in of level approximately 30 meters from north to south direction. Keeping difference been planned to the natural topography, the master plan and road network has view and has been minimize the cut and fill. Land was owned by Afghan Military Force in this plan will transferred to the AISA. It has been planned that the total area included be developed in increments according to the funds available with AISA. 3.1.1 Implementation Plan of the Project The proposed Project will be implemented in the foilowing stages: I. Design Stage 11. Construction of Infrastructural Development Works Stage Stage l1l. Construction of Industrial Units and Operation and Maintenance i). Design Stage Plans (Master Design stage of the project proceeds with the preparation of Conceptual Design Stage. The Plan) and Preliminary Engineering Design following the Detailed Engineering Design. current project description is based on Master Plan and Preliminary ii). Construction Stage works construction stage, physical construction of infrastructural development During etc. will road network, storm water drainage, water supply, waste treatment plants, like the project will be be carried out through private contractor(s). It is expected that it will be decided at awarded through International Contract Bidding (ICB). However, detailed design stage of the Project. iii). Operation Stage units will be carried Initially, just after construction stage, construction of private industrial and already developed infrastructure will be operated and out by the private investors 0 & by the AISA. However, when all the industrial units will be constructed, maintained controlled by the M of the Project will be shifted to the "Manager' (an organization private investors, for details see Chapter-7). 3-1 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report 3.2 Salient Features of the Master Plan The Master Plan of Kamari industrial park has been developed considering the actual requirements for the development of industrial park and future growth potential as well users as infrastructure requirements. It aims at fulfillment of spatial requirements of the Client's aims and objectives in accordance with international standards of industria! and as planning & infrastructure development. Approved Master Plan of the site is attached Figure-3.1. 3.2.1 Phasing discussions with the AISA representatives and World Bank team in Kabul, it has After well been decided to develop the park under two phases- in terms of physical areas as in terms of infrastructure services. As regards to physical areas, Phase - I comprising as of of about 60% of total area (78 ha) would be developed first. Furthermore, the level basis services are further categorized as option 1, option 2 and option 3, defined on the of leaving out certain components of each infrastructure service. 3.2.2 Development of land use plan After Two alternate land use plans were developed for Kamar industrial park. been deliberations with AISA, a rectilinear plan accentuated by curvilinear centre has finalized. This has resulted in the following change: a . Park boundary at southwestern periphery has been modified to exclude compound which houses a family, so as to avoid any relocation effort. * Effluent treatment plant has been relocated at northeastern periphery next to the main access. UInternally the plan divides the park into four quadrants, each having a mix of all sizes of plots and could further be developed into phases. * Furthermore, the park is divided in Phase-I and Phase-Il. * The attached land use plan earmarks areas for industrial plots, commercial development, roads & streets, parks & green areas as well as public & utility areas. Details of different land uses in proposed Kamari industrial park are given in the Table 3.1. Table 3-1: Proposed Land Use Distribution of Kamari Industrial Park _ (Ha) _ _ __ Area Percentage IfSr.No. Land Uses Phase-I Phase-Il Total 65.3 | 1 Industrial Area 44.6 43.5 88.1 01.1 2 Commercial Area 1.5 0.0 . 1.5 3 Roads/ Streets 23.9 13.3 37.2 27.5 4 Parks/ Play Grounds 02.9 0.0 2.9 02.1 04.0 5 Public Uses/ Utilities 5.1 0.2 5.3 78.0 57.0 135.0 100.0 3-2 LFIGURE-3.1 621.5m 62AO622m PHASE-1 PHASE-1l LWT STATIONION WA SENERA TO R ROOMM C LV R LIFTSTAtONNw- 137I VPIPE CULVERT CONTOUR(Main~) 0 CONOTUR(Intermediate) 17 BUILDING(Permanent) I. SPOTLEVEL (TYP) 16 / ~1 DIRT TRACK 7' TRAVERSE/EMSTATION Mc IS Om Ms rji PLO~ PROJECT BOUNDARY _ ~~___ ~ -SCHEDULE OF AREAS kow R-. NO:' ADUE PHASE4IPHASE-Il TOTAL %G / - - - - - II INDUSTRIAL AREA 44.E 43.5 88.1 65.3 C. COMMERCIAL AREA 1.5 0.0 1.5 01.1 3 ROADS/STREETS 23.9 13.3 37.2 27.5 Ip ooPLAY $ jPARKS/ GROUNDS 029 00 .9 0.21 M - WWPUBLIC USES/ .1 02 5.3 04.0 - ~~ UTILITIES _ _ 3 30 2 _ _ is_ _ _ TOTAL 7. 5.0 135.0 100.0 40 _ _ SR SZE OF DIMENSIONS NUME R AEA (Ha) NO.PLOT PH-IIPH-Il TOTAL PH-I PH-Il TOTAL 110000 M' BOMX 150M 08 08 16 B.41 8.4 16.8 X232 8000 M' 64M X 125M 13 13 26 1. 10 2. 4 3 3 6000 M2 60M X 100M 20 20 40 12.0112.0 24.0 280 b 4 6M2 2 85. , 4 4000 MI 5OMX 80M 19 18 37 7.8 7.5 15,3 ;R 200PROOSEM 6D2U4STR 46 0E 4- 12- FOO4SP4OCESSING 3-ETOTERGARMENT T12 2f6W 22_3 ETHRGRET PHASE-11 PHASE-I CONTOUR INTERVAL .Oin PHASE-I =78.0 Ha~ PLASE-11 57.0 HaHMTA NESMN IN S EPKHI-., I-C. NlO-k N. SUPPORT AGENCY (AISA) ~ F..: +92 042 9231950 (FHNSA)PR NAME DATE ITITLE DRAW EEM AKIT( DRAFr MASTER PLAN OF CHECKD NMKAMARIBYU.SCIARI4JE SITE PRVDBNU-IGDRAWING_ No2632/08/P/28 DO001 - . Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK IEIAReport The industrial area comprising industrial plots is the biggest user of the land spreading over 65% of total Project Area. This is followed by area under roads & streets (27.5%). 3.2.3 Zoning of Industries Kamari industrial park is envisaged to house four different types of industries which include: * Light engineering * Food processing * Leather garments * Carpet Weaving. As is evident from Figure 3.1, industries have been zoned into the four groups, each placed in one cluster in the project area. It-is believed that all of the industries suggested in the park are quite similar in terms of processes involved & compatibility. The Master Plan for Kamari industrial park provides for five different cateaories of plots, each having different plot sizes & dimensions. The largest & smallest sized industrial plots measure 10000 m2 & 2000 m2 respectively. Total number of industrial plots in Kamari industrial park is 167. Table 3.2 shows composition of plots in Kamari industrial park based on size & dimensions of different categories of plots. Table 3-2: Plot Composition in Kamari Industrial Park Numbers Area (Ha) Sr. No. Size of Plot Dimensions Ph-I Ph-lI Total Ph-I Ph-lI Total 1 10000M 2 80MX150M 08 08 16 8.4 | 8.4 12.0 2 8000M2 64MX125M 13 13 26 11.0 11.0 31.5 3 600lM2 60MX100M 20 20 40 12.0 12.0 31.4 4 4000M2 50MX80M 19 18 37 7.8 7.5 29.6 5 2000M2 34MX60M 26 22 48 5.4 4.6 25.3 Total 86 81 167 44.6 43.5 88.1 3.2.4 Typical Proposed Industrial Processes As referred above, the proposed industries of the Project have been divided into four main groups and typical industrial units and their process within each group has been briefly described as under: 3-3 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report i). Light Engineering Aluminum Doors Aluminum doors will be manufactured from pre-formed or extruded aluminum profiles. Door making operation includes cutting of profiles, drilling, screwing, etc. Rubber and other fitting materials will also be used. Furniture Products Seasoned wood of different sizes and varying shapes will be used for furniture making. Wood will sawed to required size, planned and then fitting of pieces takes place. For fitting of pieces, mostly synthetic glue is used in addition to wood or metal fasteners. Assembled furniture will be then polished using spirit based varnishes or synthetic paints. Cooking Wares Cooking wares are generally manufactured by forming of sheet metal (aluminium and stainless steel). Forming processes will be carried out manually or by using of hydraulic presses. Before forming, the sheet, is cut to the desired size and shape. After forming the product, it will be polished using mechanical polishers. Plastic Industry Various plastic products will be manufactured from plastic resins, sheets, tubes, profiles, etc. The plastic material used will be PVC, PE, PP, Polystyrene, Melamine, etc. Pipes will be manufactured from compounded plastic resins using extrusion process. Dishes are formed by thermo-forming of compounded plastic resin. Number of other products will also be formed by cutting of plastic materials. Spare Parts Fasteners (nuts & bolts) will be manufactured from metal rods or plates, using punching, lathes, presses, and shaper machines. The material used can be steel, stainless steel and brass. Locks Locks will be manufactured from metal rods and plates, using punching, lathes, presses, shaper machines, etc. The metal used can be steel, stainless steel and brass. Tiles The principle raw materials for the ceramic tiles are clay, silica and feldspar. Other raw materials include wide variety of minerals, pigments and synthetic compounds used to manufacturing of diverse products. The raw materials are crushed and ground to the desired size fraction of each material.' The following forming processes are used: * Extrusion. 3 Soft plastic forming. * Dry Pressing. Thermal treatment is an essential step in the manufacturing of ceramic tiles. Thermal treatment includes drying, firing and costing. A tunnel kiln is the most prevalent 3-4 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report equipment for thermal treatment. A periodic kiln is ordinarily used for small-scale production. Light Agriculture Tools Light agriculture tools are manufactured by machinery and pressing of steel sheets/plates or cast materials. After forming the tools are tempered in a furnace. ii). Food Processing Salt Processing Common or table salt will be manufactured by crushing and grinding of rock salt. Additives are added to impart free-flowing properties to salt. Fruit Juice Fruit Juice or Nectar operation covers fruit like: apples, apricots, peaches, plums and grapes. The steps in processing include receiving, storage, washing, and extraction of Juice, finishing, juice concentration and packing/bottling. Biscuit Process Biscuits are prepared from flour, as main raw material, mixed with other ingredients. All materials are purchased as finely ground. The main ingredients are mixed with little of water, butter or oil and then pressed into the desired shapes. Raw biscuits are then baked in a tray or tunnel ovens at specified temperature and duration. Finished biscuit are then packed. Spices Spices are mostly ground products of dried spice materials. The raw dried material is ground to desired specifications and then packed. All grinding and packing is carried out under controlled atmosphere. Cooking Oil Raw cooking oil is obtained mostly from oilseed crops. At first stage, the oil is extracted by mechanical means. Further extraction is carried out using solvents. Free acidity in crude oil is neutralized with caustic soda to produce soap as by-product. Oil is bleached, deodorized and packed. During purification, steam is required. The meal or oilseed cake is sold as cattle feed. Filter cake with negligible quantities of oil is disposed off. The solid materials are readily amenable to separation from water and disposal. Beverages Beverages include mineral water and aerated drinks like Coca Cola and Pepsi. Mineral water is produced by the treatment and sterilization of spring or high quality ground water. Other aerated beverages are produced by controlled dilution of proprietary concentrate. For dilution of concentrate, purified water is used. The process is basically bottling of drinks. Packing used are bio-degratdable plastic or recyclable glass bottles. Processed Meat Meat processing plants are those whose operations are confined to dressing and curing of carcasses for preparing specialty and other products, following slaughter of the animals. The raw input generally consists of carcasses of cows and sheep. Processing 3-5 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report operations may be carried out in conjunction with a slaughter house or at a separate location. A rendering plant is one which converts the inedible and discarded remains of the animals (such as fats, bones, heads, blood, and offal) into useful by-products such as fat, oils and pertinacious solids. Rendering may be done on-site as an adjunct to processing operations or off-site as an independent operation. Meat processing produces a number of p,oducts which may be generally grouped as follows: * Meat cuts and related products (such as steaks, chops, roasts and hamburgers) for hotels, restaurants and private consumers; * Comminuted meat products, requiring substantial size reduction and mixing. The final product will be in a casing or container, such as sausages or sausage meat. iii). Leather Garments Leather garments covered under this report are: * Suitcases, Shoes and High Quality Ladies Bags; * Handicrafts; * Upholstery Industries. Garment industry uses tanned leather as primary raw material. Other materials used are threads, button, zips, and various linings or attachments. Processes involved are trimming, cutting, stitching, finishing and packing. iv). Carpet Weaving Weaving of carpets is carried out on looms (manually or power- depending on capacity). Weaving of carpets is carried out by use of un-dyed or pre-dyed woolen or blended thread. 3.3 Preliminary Engineering Design The preliminary engineering designs of various infrastructure services have been carried out and are described in detail as under: 3.3.1 Leveling and Grading Keeping in view the natural topography, the master plan and road network have been planned. The alignment of roads has been kept to follow the existing gradients so as to avoid excessive cut and fill. The leveling and grading is planned within the proposed ROW to construct the road network and to properly lay the various utilities. Considering the general slopes within the area of each zone, some cut and fill will be required for creating terraces and landscaping. 3.3.2 Road Network Road network has been proposed to provide access to various industrial units and related facilities. Road network shall consist of two types of roads with ROW of 50 m, 40 m and 30 m. The access link road of about 1.25 km from main highway (Kabul- Jalalabad) is also proposed. The ROW of this road shall be 50 m. It will be dual carriageway of three lanes each way with 5 m wide median. 3-6 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 3.3.3 Pavement Design The pavement structure of roads will be designed as flexible pavement based on Corps of Engineer's Method of Pavement Design. The design wheel load will be 12000 lbs. Sub-grade CBR values shall be obtained from the subsoil investigations. The proposed flexible pavement shall consist of the following: * Compacted Sub-grade * Sub-base course * Base course * Wearing course 3.3.4 Traffic Sign and Marking Informative and necessary traffic signs shall be fixed at appropriate locations. To indicate the direction of typical traffic flow, road marking will be provided wherever required. 3.3.5 Water Supply The industrial park comprises industrial units, commercial areas, parks, playground and public utilities. Based on these facilities, the water will be provided to industrial units as process water; also provision shall be made to supply water for other uses. The water supply system shall consist of transmission main, booster pumping station (if required), and high point surface water reservoir and distribution pipe network. Keeping the topography of project area into consideration, it is proposed to divide the area into two zones, high level and low level zone. Water to both the zones shall be supplied through high point surface reservoir. At some locations pressure reducing valves shall be provided to maintained residual pressure within desired limit. The fire fighting network shall be operated through high point surface water reservoir; however, inline booster pumps shall be installed at suitable location to enhance the required pressure at the critical fire hydrant. To meet the water requirements of the Industrial Estate, it was planned to utilize the water through a transmission line passing along the main highway to Jalalabad. However, matter yet has to be finalized by the AISA. Based on the recent discussions between AISA, Afghan Water Supply Authority (AWSA) and World Bank (WB) following system is to be adopted for the water supply of Kamari Industrial Park with settlements of certain issues i.e. AWSA will request the World Bank for US$ 4.0 million to construct the supply source, since it will benefit the Bank's industrial park project and the residential area and Consultant's will include this work under MTP-1, if funding is assured. Therefore, the proposed system of water supply to Kamari industrial park could be delayed and be addressed at a later stage when GoA will assure provision of US$10 million to AISA. 3.3.6 Electric Power Supply It is estimated that the Industrial Park at Kabul with the Industrial Park fully developed a Grid station of 80 MVA is required. A 220 kV transmission line is coming from Uzbekistan to Kabul with the scheduled commissioning of 220 kV Grid Station near Kabul in 2007-2008. This grid station is in principle a switching station in order to boost up the existing 110 kV network. It is proposed that the 110 kV transmission network is 3-7 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report extended to meet the power requirement of Kabul Industrial Park. Master Plan has also proposed establishment of a power grid station. The grid station will be located well within the area in possession of AISA, so no land acquisition will be required. However, location of the grid station will be finalized at detailed design stage. 3.4 Provisions for Environment, Health and Safety Hazards At preliminary design stage of the Project, proper consideration has -been made to propose the required infrastructure to minimize the environment, heath and safety hazards. The foHowing provisions have been made in this regard: 3.4.1 Waste Water Collection and Disposal System A gravity wastewater collection and disposal system will be planned and designed for the project. The wastewater shall be generated mostly from the industrial units (industrial wastewater) and partially from commercial and institution activities. The system will comprise a network of pipes laid in the ROW of roads. Wastewater from the industrial units and commercial areas will be collected by pipes and manholes and disposed off into Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (CWTP) of capacity 0.4 MGD. Considering the development stages of the industrial park, it is suggested in preliminary design that two units of CWTP to be constructed at the same location separately to meet the present as well as ultimate requirement when entire park shall be fully developed. The capacity of each treatment plant will be about 0.2 MGD. Main treatment processes will be comprised of four stages, i.e. Pre-treatment, Primary treatment, Secondary treatment, post-treatment. The treated water will be used for watering of plantation and green area and area to be acquired for future extension of the industrial park (for details see Chapter -5). The CWTP has been proposed within the land owned by AISA therefore no land acquisition is required. All the wastewater generated from the industrial units and other uses will be collected in the collection chamber or sump of the lift station. The collected wastewater than will be pumped up to the CWTP. The wastewater lift station will be designed on the basis of peak flow. Wastewater submersible pumps shall be installed in the sump. The sump is planned to accommodate four pumping sets of capacity 250 gpm each. Out of four pumps three shall be duty and one standby. 3.4.2 Storm Water Drainage The storm water drainage will be planned keeping in view the topography of the project site and proposed Master Planning. To protect the southem side of the project site from expected sheet flow of huge catchment of hilly areas, a protection dike is proposed. The expected flood run off has been estimated and mentioned in the revised engineering design report (Section 4.5.2.). One open drain is proposed along the eastern side of the project to cater for storm water expected from the upstream of the Project Area. Open and covered drains will be provided in the median along the roads to collect the storm water runoff and dispose of to retention ponds. Box culvert will be provided at roads and streets for cross drainage. During the rainy season storm water that would be finally disposed off through open drainage system (as proposed above) may contain certain types of pollutants such as grit, suspended solids, oil, grease, etc. These pollutants could exist on the outside paved areas of industrial units, surface of primary and secondary road network, and open unpaved areas. 3-8 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA ReporL It is recommended to provide retention pond within the industrial park project boundary those would be integrated with the proposed storm water drainage system. The primary objective of these ponds is to provide primary treatment to the polluted rain water. The major purification process within the retention pond is sedimentation. During the sedimentation suspended solids will be removed by gravitation. Settling of these sorts of particles will remove inorganic as well as organic pollution. However, it is recommended to provide oil skimmers at the top of these ponds for removal of oil that would be appeared at the surface of the pond during the sedimentation process. Proposed plan for provision of the pond will be considered during the detailed design stage. 3.4.3 Solid Waste Management System In case of new industrial establishments, solid waste generation rate can not be judged, because it depends on type of industry, production capacity etc. Typical commercial and industrial generation rates are given as below: * Office building 0.5-1.1 kg/worker/day * Restaurant 0.2-0.8 kg/worker/day * Industrial 0.4-1.6 kg/worker/day It is expected that about 6500 to 10000 workers shall be employed in the industrial park based on 50 to 75 workers/ha. The expected solid waste generation based on 1.0 kg/person/day shall be about 6.5 to 10 tons/day. The solid waste management system will involve different operations include Collection, Storage, Transportation, Transfer Station and Disposal of Waste. At this stage site for landfill has not yet been identified by AISA. This matter shall be worked out before the process of disbursement for timely completion of the project. Therefore, it is highly recommended that a legal agreement between AISA and World Bank should be developed that states the landfill site will in any case be identified before the disbursement process. Details of solid waste management system have been discussed in Chapter-5. 3.4.4 Fire Fighting A pressurized fire water distribution network, comprising of pipes, fire hydrants, gate valves, air valves, washouts etc. will be provided. The fire fighting network shall be operated through high point surface water reservoir, however, inline booster pumps shall be installed at suitable location to enhance the required pressure at the critical fire hydrant. Fire water requirement shall be based on two hydrants of 500 gpm capacity operating at a time, for about 2 hour fire fighting. Therefore about 120,000 gallons (535 cu. m) of fire water storage shall be provided in the underground storage tank. 3.5 Construction Material As the Project is at master panning and preliminary design stage, so no quantities of the construction material are available at this stage. However, the main materials used for construction of infrastructural works of the proposed Project will include coarse aggregates, fine aggregates (sand), earth, water, asphalt, cemrent and steel. In general, the contractor will identify quarry areas for coarse and fine aggregates and borrow areas for earth material. The final approval will be given by the Engineer in the light of the quality of the material and environmental consideration for the quarry areas and its transportation. However, the present situation for the availability of these materials is discussed as under: 3-9 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report * No borrow of large quantities of earth material are expected for the Project as earth material excavated from trenching of water supply and sewage water pipelines will be used for road embankment. * Course aggregate material will probably be available locally by installing crushers. Few petty crushers have been observed near the vicinity of the Project Area. * As far as fine aggregate (sand) material is concerned, it will be transported from Kabul River passing about 12 km from the Project site. * Cement and steel will be imported from Pakistan while asphalt from Iran. * No surface water source is available for construction purposes in the vicinity of the Project Area. It is proposed that Contractor will install a tubewell prior to start of construction activities to meet the camp site and construction water requirements. 3-10 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report CHAPTER 4 - BASELINE CONDITIONS 4.1 Project Area & Study Area This Chapter describes the environmental and social baseline settings of the proposed Project Area with respect to physical, ecological and social parameters. For the purpose of the environmental and social survey in the vicinity of the Project Area, a Study was delineated Area based on the potential impacts due to implementation of the Project. this purpose For in general a radius of 2 km from Project site was delineated as Study and information Area was collected on physical, ecological and social environment in area. However, this in case of some particular parameter, if potential impact was envisaged beyond 2 km, information was also gathered upto that distance to foresee the Figure 4.1 impact. provides the salient baseline features of the Project Area as well as Area. Study 4.2 Physical Environment 4.2.1 Topography The project site is located in the east of Kabul at a distance of 10 km on Kabul-Jalalabad road. The topography of the proposed area is a piedmont plain sloping from south-east to north-west towards the centre of valley and the elevation of the area near foot hill ranges from 1852 m to 1816 m from mean sea level. The site is surrounded by hills on the southern and eastern side, whereas the project site is a part of the valley, which extends towards north westerly side. It is a part of the drainage basin of Kabul River or Indus watersheds. 4.2.2 Geology The proposed area is located along the foot hill of the mountain range extending east direction north- and comprised the rock of Phyllites type belong to Precambrian period. Geophysical Survey has revealed the total thickness of the sediments in Kabul basin is up to 600 m. Mountains surrounding the project site are brownish black in color and consist of sandstone, siltstone, conglomerates, dolomites and shales. Valley areas consist of conglomerates, sand, loess and loams. 4.2.3 Soil Being close to the foot hill, the top soil layer of the Project Area admixture is comprised of of sandy silt-clayey silt with debris, gravels, with dominatly to clayey the silt near northern boundary. The sub-surface near northern boundary of the proposed area comprises Project of an accumulation of terrestrial and lacustrine sediments consists mainly sand and of gravel. The valley is fertile and where irrigation water is available, crops such as wheat, barley, maize and vegetables are raised in abundance. 4.2.4 Seismicity The project lies in the area of high seismic zone, characterized as- Probable' "Major Damage anrd needs every precaution while constructing buildings to minimize seismic impacts. the Construction design and material should be in conformity with standards prescribed the for such areas. (Seismic risk areas of Afghanistan, National Atlas of Afghanistan, published by Geokart, Poland). 4.2.5 Climate The tract falls in lower central region of Afghanistan, having semi-arid and dry temperate c!imate. Average maximum temperature during winter months i.e. December, and January February is 5.6 0C, while average minimum temperature is -6 0C. Average temperature maximum during summer (May, June and July) is 28.68 0C and average minimum 4-1 FIGURE-4.1 * N I/I * Arzan Qimat / S Zanabad WAD 3w KMP / Wm K WW KW -p TO SOROBI ------ '~~~\ 'l' X<: -:ii Ql~f~ > N KQ ~ §~'LEGEND. WI mmW NIf CONTOUR (Main) 16 Hus s ....Ke -~ - I M 3Hussain Khel I mm PU0; aaMPhiCONOTUR (Intermediate)(INCermedt) { BUILDING (Mud) D ~~ MW ~ MW I - ~ Karaz BakarET.OD____ EXT.ROAD / 5 R NALA/STREAM < | 9. yX * ~~Daminah [rndusKtrolaamrk Site HD p/ 4/~' \VLAE KWPM 0: e. -+-T/ f / ROAD FIELD FOR IRRIGAkTION 3 ! / KAI RI IN( TREES ,/ TUBE WELLS NOISE LEVELS MONITORING & / AMBIENT GASES A - K.* l- E =, SUPPORT AGENCY (AISA)I Fa +92(04292J1i KAMLRI INDUSTRI PARK .-- ' -EAFGHANISTANAI STAT) X J r| lEXISTING BASELINE MAP \ /d /. CHEClt BY NP iDRWING No: 2S32/0RP/2GE 001AISA). i I I I i i Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report temperature is 11.68 0C. Winter months are very cold, while the summer is bearable to pleasant. Wide temperature variations are usual from season to season and from day to night. Summer temperature in Kabul may range from 16 °C at sunrise to 38 °C at noon. The mean temperature in Kabul is 0 °C during January. Mean annual rainfall for the last 3 years i.e. 2003, 2004 and 2005 recorded at metrological station Kabul is about 300 mm. 4.2.6 Hydrogeology The aquifer located in Logar basin follows the course of Logar River. Detailed hydro- geological investigation was carried out in Logar basin by BOCKH in 1971, which comprsed of drilling and testing of 6 test wells ranging from 50 m to 80 m in depth. The- aquifer mainly consists of sand, gravel and conglomerates/sandstone beds covered by loam (loess clay beds) with 4 m to 15 m thickness. The pore spaces of the sandy and gravelly parts of the aquifers are partially cemented by secondary mineralization processes. The water table in the centre valley ranges from 10 m (Hussain Khel) to 16 m (Logar Well field), while water table is reported at 27 m (90 ft) along the northern boundary of the proposed industral park. The thickness of the aquifer in Logar well field in north of the Project Area is reported up to 80 m (262 ft). The Permeability of the aquifer varies and ranges from 2.3*10-5 m/s to 1.3*10-3 m/s. Water Table of the Logar Basin As per 1971 report, water table on the left bank of Logar was fairly shallow, lying between 30 to 80 cm in the low lying flatter areas and between 1.5 m to 2 m in the higher regions. On the right bank of the Logar, the water table had the depth 5 to 10 m below ground surface. Present water table in north western part of the industrial park is reported about 27 m (90 ft). While at Hussain Khel area about 500 m north of the Project Area, water table is about 10.5 m (35 ft) and at Logar Well field water table is reported 16 m (52 ft). Groundwater Potential of Logar Well field (Aquifer) Long duration pump out tests (6 Nos.) were carried out in the Logar basin as part of groundwater investigation by BOCKH in 1971. The details of the pump out tests are given in Table-4.1 below to understand the potential of the Logar basin; Table 4-1 Pump out tests Data In Logar Aquifer (BO CK 1971) ____ Test Total Aquifer Total Pumping Duration Draw Specific Average well Depth Available screen rate pumping down capacity permeability * () Thickness installed (1lsec) (hrs) (m) (1Usec/m) (m/sec) (mn) (in) 2 59.6 55.6 35.4 58.3 120 8.4 6.9 2.3*104 * 4 63.0 51.7 33.9 93.7 119 2.25 41.6 13.3*104 * 5 1 57.0 66.4 33.8 46.9 92 3.1 15.1 4.7*104 6 80.0 72.0 48.15 48.4 117 1.81 26.7 6.0-104 I_ I_ !_ 7 66.2 73.7 18.65 41.7 68 13.8 3.0 1.4^1 0 3 11 50.0 28.9 11.4 24.6 88 11.8 2.4 3.2*104 Source: Pump out test data in Logar aquifer (Hydrogeology of the Kabul Basin Oart-1 by BOCKH 1971. 4-2 I Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report From the detail of specific capacities and average permeability given in table, it can be revealed that the aquifer horizon of Logar basin is highly permeable. As per report by MYSLIL ET Al. (1982) the sand and gravel beds within the Logar aquifer to south of Bagrami are reported to have transmissivities of 4.1*10-2 to 9*10-2 m2/s and storage coefficient of 1*10-2 to 105*10.2. The high storage coefficients indicate semi-confined aquifer. With an average 15.5 m thick sand and gravel beds, the aquifer has permeability coefficients of 2.6*1 0-3 to 5.8*10-3 m/s, indicates the strata of sandy gravel of highly permeable nature. The Logar well field, which is the southern part of Kabul Basin has a vast catchment area. The main groundwater recharge source to Logar well field is from the surface infiltration at transition zones during the period, when snow melts. The various recharge- sources to the Logar basin are as below; * Infiltration of surface runoff at the transition between consolidated and un- consolidated rocks at the basin margin (foothill infiltration). * Exfiltration from surface waters * Exfiltration from irrigation fields * Direct regeneration from precipitation 4.2.2 Water Resources Following are the surface and ground water sources in the Project Area. a). Surface Water Source No perennial and non perennial surface water source passes through the proposed Project Area. However, a non perennial nullah called Darya-Ye-Lowgar passes at about 400 meters in north of the project industrial park and drains the whole valley towards south-west direction. b). Groundwater Sources In the proposed area of Kamari Industrial Park, only one deep hand pump is installed at 100 ft depth in the NGO training camp of de-mining centre located in the north western corner. The reported water table at this location is 90 ft. Inventory of existing groundwater sources in and around the proposed industrial park has been carried out to determine the groundwater table and the potential in the area. The detail of the inventory of the groundwater points is given in Table-4.2. 4-3 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Table 4-2; Inventory of Groundwater Points Water Pump Type Water Installation Depth Table Discharge Setting Sr.No Source Owner Year (ft) (ft) (gpm) Pump type (ft) Remarks Deep Hand 1 Pump NGO 2006 100 90 -- 1.5 inch delivery 2 Tubewell Private 2005 300 89 32 Submersible 120 pipe Under 3 Open well 100 89 construction Irrigation 3 inch delivery Tubewell Private 2001 100 30 100 Centrifugal 25 pipe Irrigation 1.5 inch delivery 5 Tubewell Private 2003 80 32 35 Submersible pipe Khana sazi water Supply 1.5 inch delivery 6 Tubewell project 1983 330 25 50 Submersible pipe Logar Kabul Water 7 Tubewell-1 Supply 1993 141 52 640 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 8 Tubewell-2 Supply 1993 148 52 640 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 9 Tubewell-3 Supply 1993 161 52 640 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 10 Tubewell-4 Supply 1993 139 52 640 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 11 Tubewell-5 Supply 1993 155 52 640 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 12 Tubewell-6 Supply 1993 161 52 640 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 13 Tubewell-7 Supply 1993 177 52 6n0 Submersible 80 Logar Kabul Water 14 Tubewell-8 Supply 1993 139 52 640 Submersible 80 4-4 -MM-MM M Kamari Industrial Park AISA t NESPAK EIA Report Type Water Water Pump Installation Depth Table Sr.No Source Owner Discharge Setting Year (ft) (gpm Logar Kabul Water ) Pump type (ft) Remarks 15 Tubewell-9 Supply 1993 161 52 Logar Kabul Water 640 Submersible 80 16 Tubewell-10 Supply 1993 162 52 640 Min Submersible 80 80 25 Max 32 25 330 90 640 . Average 120 159.63 54.69 472.64 78.75 4-5 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Since the general slope of the proposed area is from southeast to northwest direction, therefore the groundwater flow system in the proposed area is also the same. Groundwater table near the north western boundary of the Project Area is about 90 ft and becomes to about 32 ft in a distance of about 500 meters near Hassan Khel centre in of the valley. Being very closed to the foot hill, the thickness of the aquifer in the Project Area appears very limited. In addition, there is no catchment area to recharge the groundwater aquifer, what so ever underlies the Project Area. As per data of inventory of the water sources and topography of the area, groundwater potential in the Kamari Industrial park area appears very limited. Therefore, water requirement for the industrial use can not be met from the Project Area. The nearest potential area for groundwater development for the industrial park is the Logar Well field located in south- west, which is a part of Logar basin. In the Logar well field, 10 tube wells of depth ranges from 42 m to 60 m of designed capacity 40 litres (1.42 cusec) each have already been installed for Kabul water supply scheme. The reported water table in the area was 16 m. More tube wells has been planned to install in near future to meet the increasing water requirement of Kabul City. c). Groundwater Quality Since there is no proper sewerage system exists in the area, domestic sewage is allowed to discharge onto land. Although the quantity of domestic sewage produced is small, this practice is contaminating the soil in these areas. Due to improper discharge the sewage accumulate in low laying areas and contaminate the groundwater resources and becomes breading ground for mosquitoes and flies. The electric conductivity (EC) of the groundwater from the deep hand pump at the north western corner of the Project Area was 475 uS/cm, which falls in excellent water quality. The Logar well field, from where 10 water supply tube wells are supplying water to Kabul city, is located at about 3-4 km from the Project Area. Surface and ground water sampling and testing was carried out in the Study Area. Location of surface and groundwater samples collected from the site is shown in Figure- 4.1. These water samples were preserved as by US EPA methods and transported to Pakistan for physical and chemical analysis against various important parameters for drinking water quality. Since Afghanistan has no drinking water quality standards these results of water samples were compared WHO drinking water quality guidelines. Results and comparison of water samples are presented in Appendix-A, Table A -1 to A - 4. There are number of operational tube wells or hand pumps in the Project Area. Hence groundwater sample from pump located adjacent to Project Area in the De-mining training camp, Daminah village and Qala Mohsin was collected for testing. Analysis shows that water being used by De-mining camp is fit for drinking purpose while water samples from Daminah and Qala Mohsin are not fit for drinking purpose due to the presence of E-coli. 4.2.7 Ambient Air Quality Sources of air pollution for CO, NOx, Smoke and Hydrocarbons (HC) are the vehicles mostly traveling through the site tracks and also the vehicles of Military and De-mining NGO. The pollution load of these air contaminants is higher in daytime. 4-6 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Source of PM pollution is the blowing wind. Dust is the major pollution at site. grass cover There is over the site which helps to reduce the dust pollution in the Study Area. Similarly, in the village of Hussein Khel there are about 10 to 25 brick kilns working to the near Project Site. Most of them are not in the operational condition. However, direction, the smoke due to emitted by these kilns adds pollution to the site. Main road of Lata Bund is under construction these days. Moreover, due to the closure of main Kabul-Sarobi road this route is being used by of the load and passenger most carrying vehicles traveling to Jalalabad. This road adds to the pollution of dust to the site. Ambient air quality was monitored for SO2, NO2 and CO in the Project and Study Locations of Area. all the ambient air quality monitoring points are shown in Figure-4.1. Results are presented in Appendix- A from Table A-6 & A-7. Ambient Air Quality for SO2, NO2 and CO was monitored at thirteen locations in the Project Area. Results show that maximum values of SO2, NO2 and CO were 51.4, 49.2 and 790 ppb respectively. The maximUm value of SO2, CO and NO2 occurred near the Graveyard and De-mining Camp due to the presence of Vehicles. Similarly Ambient Air Quality was measured along the main road of Lata Bund. Measurements were made at five locations. The maximum values of SO, NO and CO along the road were 111.5, 2 2 100.4 and 1355 ppb respectively. The increase in values is due to the presence of high volume of traffic on the road. The concentration of selected ambient air quality parameters is international more or less within standards given in Table A-8, Appendix-A. However, along the road concentrations Lata Bund of these air contaminates are quite high which shows exhausts from badly tunes diesel engine trucks and high traffic volumes from Kabul. Monitoring of Particulate Matter (PM) was also carried out within and outside the Area. PM monitoring Project was carried out at 13 points in the Project Area. Out of these points the maximum value was 3 166 pg/m recorded at proposed site boundary line AD near to the graveyard and De-mining camp due to the presence of vehicles. PM concentrations were also measured along the Lata Bund road. The maximum of PM concentration 3 values were 3430 pg/m respectively. Maximum value of PM concentration was recorded near the village of Hussain Khel due to the huge volume of vehicles road. In general it is expected that PM concentrations will be on higher side due to huge volume of vehicles at this road. 4.2.8 Noise Levels Existing Sources of Noise Pollution The following are the main sources of noise generation in the plant area. * Do-mining Process * Military Training Activities * Military and De-mining Vehicles * Vehicles Passing through the Project Site * Vehicles Traveling through Lata Bund road 4-7 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report The major source of noise pollution is the De-mining process. The explosion of mines can be heard from far of areas. Residents of nearby of villages are suffering from the noise these explosions. Most of the locals of Karaz explosions. Bakar are complaining about the 4.2.8.1 Noise Level Monitoring In order to assess the noise pollution levels in monitoring and around the Study Area noise level was carried out at various locations in and around of all the monitoring the Study Area. Locations points for noise levels are marked in Figure-4.1. level concentrations recorded Results of noise at these locations are presented in Table A-9. During the analysis of these measured values of noise levels Project Site is free it was concluded that from noise pollution without military and De-mining create lot of noise. activities which The maximum value of background noise level near the De-mining camp recorded is 42.7 db(A) due to the movement of vehicles and local staff. Noise levels were recorded at five locations along the Lata Bund The maximum noise road in the Study Area. level concentration was recorded 65.6 dB(A). noise back ground levels The high values of were due to the high volume of traffic on the road. Background noise levels at Project Site are quite low as no noise pollution identified in the Project Area sources are except the military and De-mining activities. Salient of the physical environment of features the area are shown in Photologs (Photo 1 to 15) 4.3 Biological Environment The tract falls in semi arid, temperate ecological zone. 4.3.1 Flora a). General Surrounding hills on the south eastern side are completely devoid of trees and contain only small shrubs or herbs. The valley area in contains which our project site is located also only herbs or shrubs and has no trees at all. In the adjoining valleys towards north-west, the kinds area is green with plenty of different of trees on account of easy availability of irrigation lift pumps. water from the ground through These trees stand mostly along water channels agricultural fields. and the boundaries of b). Trees No big trees are available in Project Area. Trees generally towards the found in the Study Area north westem side are given Table 4.3 as follows: Table 4-3; Trees Commonly Found in the Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 1. Toot Morus alba 2. Sanjid Elaeagnus adjustifolea 3. Poplar Populus Ciliata 4-8 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK E!A Report Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 4. Ash tree Fraxinus floribunda 5. Ailanthus or Asmani Ailanthus altissima 6. Chinar Platanus orientalis c). Shrubs and Herbs As already stated, the Project Area is devoid of trees, only small shrubs or herbs were found. Common shrubs and herbs seen in the Project Area as well as Study Area are given in Table 4.4. Table 4-4: Common Shrubs & Herbs in the Project and Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name Shrub or Herb 1. Ispandan Pegnum harmala Herb 2. Sperki Mentha arvensis Herb 3. Shinz, Camel thorn Alhaji camelorum Herb 4. Dhaman Fagonia eretica Herb 5. Kirmala Artemisia absinthium Shrub 6. Pigweed Chenopodium album Shrub 7. Bhakra, Bekh Kabeer Tribulus terrestris Herb 8. Nicotiana Nicotiana Species Herb 9. Limer Hianthusanus Herb d). Grasses The Project Area has been excessively grazed during the recent years by sheep, goats and camels belonging to adjoining villages and Afghan nomads. The area has been subject to severe grazing to the extents that at present only roots of grasses are visible in parts of the Project Area. Dominant species is Cyanodon dactylon grass. Various species of grasses found in the Project Area and the Study Area are given Table 4-5. Table 4-5: Common Grasses in the Project and Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 1. Khabbal Cyanodon dactylon 2. Kana Saccharum munja 4-9 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 3. Typha or Dib Typha angustata 4. Bhabbar Eulaliopsis binata Typha is mostly found in moist areas of the tract (Study Area), where water has accumulated (along the water channels). Kana (Saccharum munja) is not found in the Project Area, but was seen growing in abundance towards north western side of the Study Area. e). National Parks, Reserves and Protected Areas There are no national parks, reserves or protected areas in the vicinity (upto 10 Km) of the Project Area. f). Rare or Endangered Species of Flora No rare or endangered species was observed and neither reported by the local as well as officials of the agriculture department at Kabul. g). Agriculture At present no agriculture is practiced in the Project Area which is a vast grazing ground. However, in the foothills adjacent to the Project Area, rain fed agriculture is practiced in the lands of Karaz Bakar, a small village nearby. Only wheat is cultivated here and the fields normally remain fallow during the rest of the year. Water table is quite shallow in the north-western side i.e. only, about 10 to 15 meters. People have installed peter pumps or donkey pumps for lifting of water for irrigation purposes. Abundant water is available hence these pumps can operate day and night for several days. Five such pumps were seen in operation in only one village called Kamari. The land is fertile and given the required moisture, it yields valuable crops such as wheat, barley and maize. h). Fodder Winters are severe in the tract; Lucern (Medecago sativa) and Shaftal (Trifoluim resupinatum) are grown in abundance. In some areas Vetch is also grown as a summer catch crop. Lucern is under sown in wheat. The standard of cultivation is good and varieties seem well adapted. Three to four cuttings are taken, depending on water availability. Much of the crop is made into hay for winter stall feeding. i). Horticulture In the lands of village Kamari on north western side of the Study Area, irrigation water is easily available from the ground through lift pumps, a number of small size fruit orchards have been raised by the locals. These fruit orchards consist of several fruit trees as given in Table 4.6. 4-10 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Table 4-6: Common Fruit Trees in the Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 1. Aloocha or Plum Prunus communis 2. Apricot Prunus armeniaca -3. Apple Pyrus malus 4. Pear Pyrus pashia 5. Almond (Badam) Prunus amygadalus 4.3.2 Fauna a). Mammals The Study Area had a diversified fauna, ranging from big mammals to small birds and are insects. There were mammalian species which had been once common, but now near to extinction. These are given in Table 4.7. Table 4-7: Extinct Mammals in Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Zoological Name 1. Hog Deer Axis porcinus 2. Barking Deer Muntiacus muntjak 3 Ibex Capra hircus 4. Brown Bear Ursus arctos 5. Wolf Canis lupus The above mentioned mammals are considered as endangered species. However, none of these have been reported in the Project and Study Areas. Other mammals which are still commonly found in the area are given in Table 4.8. Table 4-8: Commonly Found Mammals in Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Zoological Name 1. Jackal Canis aureus 2. Fox Vulpus bengalensis 3. Porcupine Hystrix indica 4. Squirrel Funambulus pennant Hares Lepus nigricollis 4-11 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Sr. No. Common Name Zoological Name 6. Rats I j6. Rattus rattus 7. Mangoose Herpestes auropunctatus 8. Bat Rasperugo nastrus 4.3.1.1 Reptiles Reptiles such as snakes and lizards are frequently sighted in the area. Agama agillis, which is a lizard of agama family, is abundant in the tract. Out of seven poisonous species of snakes found in Afghanistan, five are vipers cobras. and two The carpet viper (Echiscarinatus), being the most common amongst poisonous snakes the has been reported in the Study Area. The cobra (Naja naja) is also reported in the tract. A common Eurasian species of snakes, the diced snake is commonly found near the water courses, where it lives on fish and amphibians. Other lizards found Frnged in the tract are toed lizard (Acanthodactylus cantons) and spiny tailed lizard (Uromastix hardwicki,). Varanis the biggest lizard is also common. 4.3.1.2 Birds As per treatise entitled, "The Birds of Afghanistan", there were nearly 300 Afghanistan, bird species in of which nearly half were found in the steppe region (our Study of this region. Area) part Birds commonly found in the Study Area are as given in Table 4.9. Table 4-9: Common Birds in Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Zoological Name 1. Mynah Acridotheres tristis 32. House Sparrow Passer domesticus 3. House Crow Corvus splendens 4. Pigeon Columbia livia 5. Parrot Psittacula krameri i 6. Hoopoe Upupa epops *7. Red Vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer II8. Shikra (Falcon) Accipeter badius 9. Laggar Falcon Falco jugger 310. Common Teal Anas crecca 4-12 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EtA Report Sr. No. Common Name Zoological Name 11. Owl Bubo bubo 12. Giffon vulture Gyps fulvees 4.3.1.3 Water Fowls No water fowls were seen in Project Area due to lack of availability of water. e). Rare and Endangered Fauna As referred earlier, some mammals like wolf, Hog Dear, Ibex, etc. were once common in the Study Area but now they are extinct. None of them was seen and neither was reported in the Project Area. f). Livestock Sheep and goat are the main livestock, while donkeys, horses and camels are also kept as domestic animals on account of their use as draught animals. Table 4.10 provides the list of domestic animals in the tract. Table 4-10: Domestic Animals in the Study Area S.No. Common Name Zoological Name : Remarks 1. Sheep Ivus arues Common 2. Goat Capra aegagirus Common 3. Donkeys Equus asinus common 4. Horses Equus caballus Not common 5. Camels Camelus drome darus Single Hump 6. Cows Bos taurus Common 7. Buffaloes Bubalus bubalus Not common Babalus-sub species 4.4 Species of Commercial Importance Some floral species, such as herbs like Mentha arrensis, Wicotiana and Fagonia erelica have commercial importance on account of their medicinal use, but the quantities found in the area are so small that there extraction on commercial scale is not feasible. h). Species with Potential to Become Nuisance As the project area has little flora and fauna, so no major species of flora and fauna are expected with potential to become a nuisance. 4-13 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK ::A Report 4.5 Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment Cetailed descrption of the socio-economic and cultural environment of the Project has been presented in Chapter-8 of this document. 4-14 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report CHAPTER 5 - ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES This chapter identifies the potential impacts related with project location, design, and construction and operation phases of the Project on the physical, biological and socioeconomic domains of the environment. Accordingly the mitigation measures have been proposed to mitigate the negative impacts and to enhance the positive impacts. 5.1 Delineation of Area of Influence Before proceeding to the environmental analysis of the project, it is imperative to delineate the area of project influence. Despite the fact that major construction activities of the project will remain confined within the Industrial Park boundaries, however, there are some areas where construction-related activities may extend outside the proposed boundaries. These will include areas required for: * Establishment of construction camps and erection of asphalt plants on temporarily acquired land; * Borrowing soil material from temporarily acquired land; * Quarrying aggregate material; and * Construction of haul tracks for transportation of construction material, etc. Besides the directly impacted areas referred above, the construction-related and subsequently industry borne air pollution and noise may influence areas at large distances from the Project Area. Therefore, it is hard to delineate the Study Area. It varies with the activity, resource, or impact to be considered. The project construction as well as operation activities may have a variety of direct and indirect impacts on the physical, biological and human resources of the Project Area and its environ. Even the direct impacts may be of primary or secondary nature. Strictly speaking, the primary impacts are directly related to the circumstances where land is to be acquired, people are affected insofar as their physical displacement or relocation is involved. Likewise, removal of vegetation cover for construction may also be considered as a primary impact. In this context, the boundary of Industrial Park can be considered as area of direct influence. On the other hand, secondary impacts entail the direct impacts on physical, ecological and human resources arising from the pollution caused by noise, vibrations, toxic emissions, spill over, fugitive dust, or consumption of natural resources, etc. Keeping in view the above considerations and depending upon the direct and indirect impacts, the Study Area can be considered comprising the area of direct influence and area of indirect influence. The Project Area is the area of direct influence requiring the consideration of land acquisition and resettlement. For indirect impacts, an area within 2 km radius of industrial park is considered on the basis of environmental aspects. However, in case of some particular parameter, if potential impact was envisaged beyond 2 km, information was also gathered upto that distance to foresee the impact. 5.2 Approach and Methodology Keeping in view the area of influence, the impact identification and assessment was made by the experts at site by the use of following: * Detailed site visit findings * Discussions with Govt. Officials, NGOs and local community 5-1 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Professional judgment based on past experience of EIA studies. * Review of similar studies * Agency Sectoral Guidelines (Industrial Park and Industrial Sector Guidelines provided in Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook by World Bank, Environmental Protection Agency Pakistan etc.) For impact identification, various methods are available including the checklists, interaction matrices, networks and overlays. Among these four methods, following two are used in EIA of Industrial parks development projects in Afghanistan. * Project Interaction Matrix * Networks 5.2.1 Project Interaction Matrix Interaction matrix is a two dimension matrix wherein project actions are placed along one axis (i.e. along y-axis) & on the other side there are different environmental parameter likely to be affected by the proposed project actions grouped into categories i.e. Physical, Biological & Socio-economic Environment. Interaction matrix is used in this project due to the following reasons: * The matrices provide cause-effect relationship between project actions and resulting consequences impacts. * It provides nature (+ve or -ve) & weighting of different impacts It provides cumulative impacts of a project. Matrix grouped project actions into temporal phases. For the impact assessment of industrial park project interaction matrix is used by dividing the project action into different phases (location, design, construction and operation). The envirorTmental impacts are divided into three main- categories including physical, ecological and socio-economic domains. The environmental impacts of the project actions are identified and weighed into the following categories: HA = Highly Adverse * MA = Medium Adverse LA = Low Adverse HB = Highly Beneficial MB = Medium Beneficial LB = Low Beneficial 0 = None/Insignificant The assignment of significance is based on the previous knowledge and professional judgment of EIA team experts. The project impact matrix has been developed for the construction of the industrial park in Kamari for 'without" and "with. mitigation" and presented as Tables 5.1 and 5.2 respectively. It may be noted that the environmental parameters which are not related to the implementation of the project have not been considered in the matrix. 5-2 Table 5.1 Project Impact Matrix Without Mitigation for Industrial Park at Kamari Afghanistan SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT COMPONENTS EE I 0. 0 (D 0) ) G CU E~ 2o 0. coCoco a.C .0.. co co o2C E52 05 2 o C -L E C C D D D2D co Co - , ocoUCD I 17 8 9 2Z2 ACIIISCMOET 0 1 2 1 4 16 1 A L a)aespl/ieihigsseLA LA 0 HA LA M 0A HA L 0D 0cmA A L MA MA LA 0 0 LA 2.WWcletn/isoa ytm0 0 MA L A L A L MA MA .0 MA 0 L La) 02 MA MA MA MA 0 MA M MA 0D 0 MA 3.ROlidTwatEolcin/Tpslec 0 MA LA H LA 0 LA La_ LA 0 0 LA <.trwtrria LA 0 LA 0 A 0L 0 A M MA MA MA A MA MA M LA 09 0 MA1 ACTIVITIEdIOv PNETrall 0 MA LA4 MA5 LA 70 LA3LA80 L MA LA0 MB M MLA 0 LA ProecavLoation LA 0 MA LA MA MA MA A 0 0 0 MA0 MA0 0 MB A MA MA 0 LA LA 2.CWVollerctiong/tdispoalfsste 0 0 0A LA MLA 0 MA 00A 0 0 0A 0A MB 0A LA LA 0 LA LA 3.Solinwstercllction/odispoa t.0 0 0A 0A 0A MA MA 0A 0A 0 0A 0A HA MA MB MA MA LA 0 MA MA 4.CSorm wterdrainCage 0 LA MA LA MA 0 MA 0A 0A 0 LA MA 0A MA M0 MALB L MA 0A 0 0 LA W.treigh cavtedmoverall 0 0 MA LA A LA MA 0 0A 0A 0A 0A A LB L 000 L 6Constrction 0Phas0MeA 0 M 0 0A LB HA HA HA 0 0 LA 7. Blcasationg/rsin/LAoie 0 MA LA MA MA HA 0 0 0 0 HA 0 M 0 M A LA LAA 0 0A LA 2.UCostructeionReate Tafi 0 0 HA AHA MA MA0 0 0 0 0 HA 0 MA 0B 0A 0A 0 0 0 LA 9. Stordagte gfenervationdsposral LA 0 LA LA HA 0A 0 0 0 0 LA MA MA 0 0A LB LA LA 0 0 0 MA 60.UComhpactaihon0 0 0 0 0 MA MA I0 0 0 0 0A 0 0 0 0 LA LA 0 MB MA LA 0A 0 0 LA 71.Blasingcreusingmexplosintaes 0 0 LA LA MA 0A MA 0 0 LA 0 0 MA LA 0A MA MA 0 0 0 0 MA 0 LA MB MA LA 2.DUemof heicals 0 0 0 MA 0 MA LA MA 0 0 0 0 0 MA MA 0 MA 0 0 0 93.Soldwastegeneration/dso0lL MA LB LA 0A 0 0 0 LA 10 s fhaymciey0 0 MA 0 LA 0A LA 0 0 0 0 MA 0 MA MA LA MB MA LA MA 0 LA MA I15.WMVehileeqimentlnt LAntnnc 0 MA LA MA MA 0 0 0 0 MA MA MA MA MB MA MA MA 0 LA MA 12i emolteiovn 0 0 MA LA MA MA MA I0 0 0 LA MA MA LA B M LA 0 0 0 LA H 1.Layndust watoeratpeiones0 0 0 LA MA H LA MA LA LA0 0 A A M0A 0M A LA A 0 LA LA 25. WMcreatevhcuamment 0la0t0L0 0 MA A LA LA0 LA0 0 M0 MA 0A 0A MB LA 0A LA 0 0A LA WoieghstedgOverall n0 0 MA LA MA LA 0A 0 0 0 M A 0A 0 0 LA H 0 0 MA LA H MA LA0A0L0 0 MA0 MA LA HB LA 0 1.Wndstrwaleroperation 0 0 LA00LB M0 0A 0 LA LA 2.WIncreasmedvhiclarmvent 0 0 0 0 0 M A L 0 A 0 L 0 0 MA LA HB MA 0 0 0 LA HB 4WIeaghedOvlcmecaatity0 0 MA LA MA MA LA LA LA LA LA LA B LA 0 00 L HighstwatAdverse:n0I 0 MHLAHighA BeefcAl HB A A L Medium Adverse: MA Medium Beneficial: MB Low Adverse: LA Low Beneficial: LB NEPKNone/insignificance: 0 i I Table 5.2 Project Impact Matrix With Mitigation for Industrial Park at Kamari Afghanistan EVRNETLPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT C* o 0. 0 E E E 41 a. PR J C ______1 I OENS> ATiITESCO 100 _ _ _ Prn_ j c o ai ______ A 0 LCTWolcig/ipslyte 0 3 oikseoicio/ipslt.00 A0L 0 A00LA L ALA000L 4tratdanae0 LA LA0L A A000L I 0000000000 0 LLB LLB00 0 0 MB Wegtdvrl LA 0 A 0 0 B B L B BL 000M 2CntutoRltdrfi 0 L A0 000000M AL AL ZCntutoCm0 LA 0cALo L 0. 0 A L Copcino A M A L 0 0 A M 0 A L 000 L L LB 0 0 ___ __D 7Batn/rshn/xlsve A __ 0 L LA LA 00 0C0 LA LA 8Uefhmcl A 0 L A 0000 0 LB LE0L 0 0 LA 0)LA20 0 0 0 0 0 0 ProjehctLocatiomntm tnne0 0 0 0 LA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MB LA 0 0 0 0 LA 1. Water upply/fir fightingsystem 0 0 0 LA 0 L0 LA 0 0 2.eWaW olecating/dispoalsste 0 0B MBLA0LL MB LAB LA 0 0 0 0 LA 0 LA 0 0 0 0B 3. Solidgowasterllcion/diespoa 0 0 LA 1X 0 0L 0B 0A 0A 0 0 t.0 0 LA 0 0A 0 0 0 0 0 LA 45W/Storm atmerdraiage 0 0A LAX 0 LA LB 0A 0A 0 0 0 0 0 LA 0 LA LA LA 0 0 0 0A 0 L0B 0A MB LA 0 LA 0 LA MB Weighted overall I 0 0 LA 0 LA LA LA 0 0 0 0 LA 0B LA MB LA 0B LA 0- 0 MB llnuxcravoeation I 0 0 0A 0 LA LA LA 0 0 0 2. Cnstructiodv eh late rafficn 0 LA LA 0MB LA 0 LA 0 LA HB 0 0 0 0 0 LA LA 0 0 0 3. oniwstruc oertion od 0 0 0 0 0B 0 0A 0A 0 LA 0A 0 0 LA 0 LA 0A 0A 0 0 0 4. CnstruactonCm caaciiy0p 0 0A 0 0 MB 0 0A 0 0 0A 0 0 0A 0 LA 0A 0A 0 0 0 0 0A LA 0A HB 0A 0A 0 0 LA MB ISWatoraterofexcerationaera 0 0 LA 0 LA 0 0 0 0 0 LA 6WfCompactiontp t0 0 LA 0A HB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0A 0A 0 0 0 1 0 0A 0 0A MB 0 0 0 0 LA 0 WUeghtedheriall I 0 0 0A 0 LA 0A 0 0 0 0 0 0A 0 0A HB 0 0 0 0 LA H Low Adverse: 0 0 LA Low BeefcAl LB00 13. Seagewste g nertone/Insignificance: 1 00 A0L B LA0L ae A 00 0 1 00 L I1NESPaKigo ieie A 00000000L A L I5 Nram nln A0L AL A00M A0L AM i it i I I Ii i i I Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EiA Report Prior to the mitigation of the obvious negative impacts, it was seen that the project activities have a significant negative impact on the physical environment affecting the water quality, air quality & generation of high noise levels. The other social negative impacts include health and safety of locals and workers. No significant impacts on ecological environment have been envisaged. On the other hand there is high positive impact on the social environment as the level of employment rises tremendously as a result; there is economic growth & improvement of living standards. After executing the proposed mitigation measures, the significant negative impacts shall be reduced. Employment shall boom in the operational stage which shall be the most beneficial impact of the project. Reviewing the results of the project impact matrix, it was concluded that after the reduction/elimination of negative impacts, the proposed project will be lucrative & beneficial for the economic development of the area & the betterment of the public elevating their living standards tremendously. 5.2.2 Networks For impact identification of the project, networks are used in conjunction with interaction matrices in order to identify secondary & tertiary level of impact due to proposed project activities and pathways to higher order effects. This will likely to reduce the deficiencies left in the interaction matrix method. Also by using both the methods a broad vision about the project impacts can be obtained. The interaction matrix are very useful to identify the environmental impacts, however, they have the following limitations: * They do not provide secondary & tertiary level impact due to project activities. So they cannot be used for identification of higher order impacts of a project in future. * In this method it is difficult to distinguish between direct and indirect impacts of any project Networks illustrate multiple linkages between project actions and different environmental components. The major advantages of this method are as follows: * They provide direct and indirect impacts due to project activities on environmental components. * They provide primary, secondary and tertiary level impact * Networks are capable of presenting scientific information. * They provide minimum information on technical aspects related to impact prediction and comparatively evaluating the impacts of different alternative of project. * They can become complex, if used beyond simplified version. The project impact network diagram is shown as Figure 5.1. Direct impacts & indirect impacts are reflected as primary, secondary & tertiary impacts. Although the network benefits to show the cascading impact of one project activity on several aspects but the reduction/nullifying of an impact through mitigation is not displayed by the network. 5-5 I i i I I FIGURE 5.1 ESTATE AT KAMARI, AFGHANISTAN PROJECT IMPACT NETWORK FOR INDUSTRIAL GRO|U ND WATERI { - CONTAMINATION __- w- _ - -=- - ERDTO ______SN _ _ _SLE _ _ _ 9A ._ =I CONSOLICTION/. "_ | LIVING STANDARDNCE 3 | G EMISSIONS,bO |. ., RO T I W OER |. lll - | | GROUNIY F< HEAV TODEGRADATION SY 8i|Ll+I=-!|RSETTEMWAERNULTY| _ 0C -z- I DERADTIO TO PBLI COPCIOIOS POLLUTION__ F ___ ISE I l AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report reflects that noise, PM, air emissions, vibration, soil The developed network & & erosion, solid/liquid waste generation, water contamination contamination of the project to the public health are the major negative direct impacts disturbance flora & fauna as at all stages. Among the minor direct impacts are those on the activities direct impacts continue to both are present in scarce amount in the project area. The linkages, ambient air & water have further effect on components such as ecological area. quality, public health, agricultural practices around the project Location 5.3 Impacts and Mitigations Measures of the Project to the Project location and This section identifies some of the major impacts due discusses their mitigations. 5.3.1 Resettlement a) Impacts the disruption of boundary wall The project boundary marked at initial stage was causing of nomads within the Project of one cemented house and two temporary tent houses and water supply exist in the Area. No infrastructure, like electricity, road, telephone houses was causing social Project Area. The relocation of cemented house and tent nuisance. b) Mitigations they voluntarily agreed to Two nomad families with temporary tents were living, there and in the nearby area. However, in order to resolve the relocate-without- any compensation AISA wall of cemented house, Consultants in consultation with relocation of boundary of changes in the demarcation of industrial park. After this readjustment made some of project. boundary wall, there is no resettlement involved during implementation 5.3.2 Forest Lands a) Impacts Agricultural land or protected forest in the near vicinity of the area. There is no forest However, these near the Kamari, Qala Mohsin and Hussain Khel villages. land exists no impact due to are not in the close proximity of the industrial park. Therefore, areas lands. the location of Industrial Park is foreseen on these agricultural b) Mitigations is required. As there is no impact related to forests, therefore, no mitigation 5.3.3 Flora and Fauna a) Impacts the exists within the project area due to past military action. Even No flora and fauna proposed like lizards, snakes, rats are also not observed at site. The common animals firing and de- is being used by Afghan Military Forces for the training of industrial site there will be no purpose, due to which these animals had left the site. Therefore, mining park. impact on flora and fauna due to the location of this industrial b) Mitigation mitigation is required with As there is no major impact due to location, therefore no respect to flora and fauna. 5-6 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 5.3.4 Historical and Cultural Sites a) Impacts There are no archaeological sites within the Project Area. However, a building known as Qala Mohsin exists near the Qala Mohsin village. Locals of the area believe that this structure is about 200 years old. The condition of the building is very poor and needs immediate attention otherwise it will collapse totally. However, any historical importance of this building was not legally documented or proved. Location of Kamari Industrial Park will not have any direct impact on Qala Mohsin. b) Mitigation As there is no direct impact due to location, therefore no mitigation is required with respect to historical and cultural sites. 5.3.5 Effect on Water Resources a) Impacts No perennial and non perennial surface water sources passes through the proposed industrial park. However, a non perennial nullah called Darya-Ye-Lowgar passes at about 400 m in north of the project site and drains the whole valley towards south-west direction. In the proposed area of Kamari Industrial Park, only one deep hand pump is available in the NGO training camp of de-mining centre located in the north western corner. The reported water table in the hand pump is 90 and depth of hand pump is 100 ft. The nearest potential area for groundwater development for the industrial park is the Logar Well field located at 5 km in south west, which is a part of Logar basin. Since the proposed park is not within the Logar basin therefore, no impact is anticipated due to the location. b) Mitigation As there is no direct impact due to location, therefore no mitigation is required for water resources. 5.3.6 Industrial Activity a) Impacts Due to proposed project construction and operation of this industrial park, other industrial activities may start in the vicinity of the area, where at present there is no such type of activity. Due to these activities there will be minor negative impacts on the existing environment. The industrial park can trigger mushroom growth of small industries in the surrounding area. These unplanned small industries may pose further environmental problems in the area. b) Mitigations The expected mushroom industrial growth around the industrial park should be properly controlled by formulating and enforcing the law. 5-7 I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park AISA EEiA Report 5.3.2 Agricultural Land/Activities a) Impacts impact is As there are no agricultural practices in the project area, therefore, no direct anticipated on agriculture. Qala agriculture is practiced in the surrounding areas of Kamari, Hussain Khel, However shifting Surrounding agricultural practices may be affected indirectly due to the Mohsin. working in of labor from agricultural practices to industrial sector as labor currently park. This may agricultural fields may start seeking employment im proposed industrial minor area of result in labor shortage in the area affecting the agricultural yields. A establishment of agricultural land may also be converted into industrial area due to mushroom industrial growth. b) Mitigations should shift from agriculture to industrial sector should be discouraged and efforts The agricultural be made to purchase the raw material for industries from surrounding of Olive seeds communities. The representative example in this case can be purchase in food sector from surrounding agricultural communities for the production of cooking oil of industrial park. 5.4 Impacts of the Project Design infrastructure and 'The design stage of the proposed project involves design of various water supply/fire fighting system, wastewater collection & disposal facilities including and solid waste collection & disposal system, Storm water drainage system systems, of each of other allied infrastructure and facilities. The proper designing and provision industrial park infrastructure and facility is backbone for successful operation of otherwise it may cause several undesirable environmental impacts. 5.4.1 Disruption of Hydrology a) Impact network may Due to Project implementation, construction of infrastructure like road natural drainage and even alterations in drainage pattem of the area. restrict the from protection dikes are proposed to protect the southem side of project Secondly, towards expected sheet flow of catchment of hilly areas. These factors may contribute overall disturbance of natural drainage pattern. b) Mitigation as the It is expected that natural drainage pattern of the area will not be changed the project will existing nullah at a distance of about 400 m in the northern boundary of not be disturbed by the Project activities. of the area. The project area drainage has been planned keeping in view the topography minimum by It has been ensured that disruption of natural drainage pattern will be kept of drain on the eastern side of project boundary to cater for storm water. provision expected Protection dikes are proposed to protect the southern side of project from of huge catchment of hilly areas. The storm water will be diverted from the sheet flow will be and fall into the nullah called Darya-Ye-Lowgar about 400 m. Drains dikes dispose off provided in the median along the roads to collect the storm water runoff and to retention ponds. 5-8 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 5.4.2 Water Resources a) Impact I Local water supplies may need to be tapped to meet campsite and construction requirements, bringing its use into competition with local use. * Local water supplies may be affected due to implementation of project both in quantity as well as quality. b) Mitigation * Due to unavailability of surface water and to avoid the usage of available limited community resources for campsite and construction activities, it is has been planed to install two shallow tubewells along project boundary prior to start of construction activities to meet campsite, construction and community needs. Contractor shall not in any case extract water from Logar field area. 5.4.3 Water Quality a) Impacts The project is expected to generate wastewater during the construction and operations phases which may pollute the surface and groundwater sources in the study area and ultimately affect the health of surrounding communities and industrial workers. b) Mitigation A wastewater collection and disposal system is proposed in the preliminary design study of industrial park. Wastewater from the industrial units and commercial areas will be collected by pipe and manholes and disposed off into CWTP. The treated water will be used for watering the proposed plantation and plantation to be carried out in the future extension area. 5.4.4 Soil a) Impacts The project during its construction and operation is expected to generate substantial quantities of solid waste. If the generated waste is not properly disposed off, it will contaminate the soil and cause the aesthetic degradation of the study area. b) Mitigation It is proposed in preliminary engineering design that the solid waste collection, transportation and disposal system will be designed for generated solid waste. The details of proposed solid waste collection, transportation, and disposal are discussed in details in Section 5.6.1. 5.4.5 Aesthetics a) Impacts Aesthetics plays an important role in improving the working environment of an area. The design provision can improve the aesthetics of an area and thereby improving the work efficiency. b) Mitigation Provisions are there for parks and open spaces in the planning of industrial parks. In Kamari, 2.9 hectares are reserved for green area in the form of parks and playgrounds increasing the aesthetics of the area. In addition, it is proposed that tree plantation should also be carried out along periphery of the proposed Project site. 5-9 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 5.5 Impacts and Mitigations during Construction Stage 5.5.1 Impacts on Land Resources a) Land Acquisition The proposed Project will not involve the acquisition of private land. The land was owned by the Afghan Military and it has been transferred to AISA/Industrial Parks Development Authority (IPDA). b) Short Term Lease Agreement The contractors may require temporary acquisition of land for: * Aggregate quarries, * Disposal sites for safe disposal of surplus construction and waste material * Access roads for haulage, etc. In general, areas used to acquire borrow material will be impacted most significantly, followed by those used to install asphalt plants. Utilizing land for project activities-may induce temporary as well as permanent changes in the existing land use pattern. b) Soil Erosion * Soil erosion may occur in the workshop areas as a result of improper runoff drawn from the equipment washing-yards and improper management of construction activities. Soil erosion may also occur at quarry areas, if unmanaged blasting is carried out. * Due to development of project area, velocity of runoff will be increased, which will ultimately enhance the soil erosion. c) Soil Contamination Some of the chemicals used in laying of Water Supply Pipe joints are hazardous and toxic in nature. All the carbon based compounds are toxic to varying degrees. Hydrocarbon group of chemicals are toxic and fuel, petrol, diesel and all the lubricants are too toxic in nature. The sheathing on electric wires and cables are made from hydrocarbon compounds. These cable sheathings are toxic. Paints and varnishes are toxic, which are used in the construction industry. In case proper care is not taken for handling, storing and transportation of these toxic substances may cause damage to the health of the workers as well as their spills will contaminate the soil. Another source of soil contamination is the discarded construction materials that include chemicals, wires, plastics, cut pieces of pipes, pieces of empty fuel and lubricants tins and cardboard packing and other discarded materials. All these wastes create soil contamination. One of the most important soil contaminating parameter is the generation of solid waste during construction activities. During the construction activities the generation rate for solid waste will increase considerably. The potential solid waste to be generated due to construction activities comprises two major categories: 5-10 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report Waste from Construction Camps are garbage, putrescible wastes, major components of the workers camp waste The Immediate attention is required for rubbish and small portion of ashes and residues. cause odor. such type of wastes as these are degradable and Waste from Other Sources of rubbish, ashes and residues, The other waste generated is mostly composed wastes will be generated due to the demolition materials and hazardous wastes. These construction activities and materials used for construction. above that a proper solid concluded from the various types of wastes identified It can be the camp area as the waste management system should be established for waste as kitchen wastes, requires a large portion of highly degradable materials such contains should take care of organic waste. immediate disposal. Solid waste management system of above mentioned wastes, this will If inadequate arrangements exist for the disposal have a negative impact on the soil. d) Natural Drainage excavations of trenches construction material will be generated from the The major loose materials will be used for of water supply pipeline. Some of these excavated for laying will not be reused. If this material works. However, a bulk of the excavated material filling in loose form causing dust pollution and is left at places of excavation, it will remain there hindrance in natural drainage of the area. Resources 5.5.2 Proposed Mitigation of Impacts on Land a) Land Acquisition private land involved in the proposed As referred earlier, there is no acquisition of Project, so no negative impacts are envisaged. b) Short Term Lease Agreement private landowners by borrow material will be acquired directly from Land for extracting and will be covered by The acquisition of the land will be temporary, the contractor. contractors. Rental terms will lease agreements between the landowners and short-term concerned.. Given that there to be negotiated to the satisfaction of the landowners have the contractors and landowners are no compulsory land acquisition, conflicts between is Consultants will monitor the process of unlikely. The staff of the AISA and supervisory the terms of the construction contracts that restoration and will ensure, through and the according to the terms of the lease agreements, landowners are compensated out. The photo- agreed upon by the contractors are duly carried restoration actions should be available, of the existing land prior to temporarily acquisition documentation conflicts between the landowner and which will be beneficial to resolve the restoration contractor. c) Soil Erosion erosion both at the construction engineering practices will help in controlling soil Good quarry areas will also help to reduce the site, and workshop areas. Controlled blasting at soil erosion. 5-11 I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park AISA EIA Report d) Soil Contamination appropriate Oil leakages, chemicals and other materials will be minimized by providing lubrication storage places depending on the type of material for storage. Oil and other should be stored in water proof tanks especially built for oil storage. These material to these tanks should be built away from the main road and residential areas. Access only be allowed to concemed personnel. Safety equipment like fire tanks should and fire. extinguishers should be placed near to these places along with signs for danger each * Workers must be familiar with the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) of chemical used at site. MSDS are provided with each chemical drum. during * Chemicals will be stored as per their MSDS. Utmost care should be taken pose the handling of these chemicals. Accidental spills of fuels or other materials a potential for contamination of soils. Precautions should be taken to prevent spills and all workers should be trained in proper handling, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic materials (refer chapter 7 for Hazardous Waste Management Framework). to * Proper solid waste management plan should be developed and implemented solid avoid the littering and any other waste problems. Adequate number of waste containers should be placed at various locations to ease in collection and storage of solid waste. * Separate arrangement for organic and inorganic waste, should be made available. In this regard worker should be made aware of the solid waste management system being employed at the site. e) Natural Drainage to be Proper storage place of each type of material to be used during the construction build to avoid any hindrance to natural slope. will be made responsible for the clearing of left over material at the site. in Contractor plan. this regard prior to the start of work, contractor should submit the site restoration Site restoration plan should be as practicable as possible. 5.5.3 Impact on Water Resources (Surface and Ground Water Quality) impact As there is no surface water resource in the Study Area, therefore, no significant is envisaged on the surface water. water Surface drainage from the industrial zone flows towards the well field area, where 5 of the aquifer is shallow. Since the proposed industrial area is located at about table any km from the officially declared protection zone of the Logar well field, therefore, life line pollution from the proposed industrial park will risk to the well field, which is the for the inhabitants of Kabul city. will -be generated at the construction camps. If the generated sewage is not Sewage water properly treated or disposed of, this. may contaminate the surface and ground resources. Oil and hazardous material spills may contaminate the groundwater. 5.5.4 Mitigation of Impacts on Water Resources To avoid the chemicals and oil spillage in storm water runoff during excavation and filling each material should be stored with boundaries around it. 5-12 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report * Contractor should take effective measures not to implement any activity that may become danger to Logar Well Field and AISA should allocate land to contractor away from Logar Well Field. * Similarly utmost care should be taken to avoid any spills of oils and hazardous chemicals by best management practices (refer chapter 7) and good house keeping and following the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). * In case of emergency spills, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) should be developed and strictly followed by contractor. * Sewage from construction camps, contractors' workshops and equipment washingyards will be passed through graveVsand beds to remove oil/grease contaminants before discharging into soakage pits/nullah. * Test holes drilled in Project Area for groundwater investigations should be converted to piezometers and recommended to be monitored bi-annually for any change in their depth to water table and in groundwater quality. 5.5.5 Impacts on Ambient Air * Number of machinery and equipment will be required for the construction of proposed Industrial Park infrastructure. The equipment required will depend upon the construction methodology for the various types of works. However, the equipment will broadly consist of cranes, dump/haul trucks, excavators, vehicles etc. Most of these will use diesel engines that generate noise and exhaust emissions. The possibility of exhaust emissions increases when old vehicles/plants are utilized for the execution purposes. Generally, the above activity will generate noise, particulate matter (PM), smoke, dust, CO, and NO, in the ambient air which may deteriorate the air quality and result in impacts on human health, fauna and flora. The movement of heavy machinery and vehicles on dirt tracks will also cause fugitive dust emissions. These emissions are the function of silt content of dirt tracks, vehicle speed and mean annual number of days with 0.01 inches or more rainfall. Following empirical relationship as defined by USEPA, 1975 is used for estimation of fugitive dust emissions factor: E = (0.81s) x (S/30) x [(365-w)/365] Where: E = emission factor, lb per vehicle-mile s = Silt content of road surface material (%) S = Average vehicle speed (mph) w = mean annual number of days with 0.01 in (0.254 mm) or more of rainfall Following engineered assumptions are made for parameters mentioned in above formula: s = 18 % (to be confirmed during the geotechnical investigations of site) S = 30 Miles per Hour 5-13 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report w = 50days The emissions factor for fugitive dust (E) comes out to be 12.58 lbs/vehicle-mile (5.7 kg / vehicle-mile). It indicates that each vehicle moving on dirt track with a speed of 30 mph will produce 5.7 Kgs of fugitive dust for each traveled mile. During the detail design stage, when total number of construction vehicles and length of dirt tracks can be estimated, total amount of fugitive dust can be quantified. * Similarly activities like excavation, compaction dumping and storage of excavated material will also create dust, noise and vibration. * Due to increased anthropogenic activities ambient air quality of the site will decrease considerably. However, this impact will be of temporary nature as the ambient air quality will improve with the completion of construction stage. * Due to movement of trucks and other vehicles noise and vibration will increase and residents of the nearby settlements will be affected especially at night time. 5.5.6 Mitigations of Impacts on Ambient Air Following mitigation and remedial measures will be adopted to control or minimize the release of air contaminants and noise levels. * Tuning of vehicles will be made mandatory to reduce the emissions of NON, SO% CO, Hydrocarbons (HC) and PM. * Emissions points from batching plants will be controlled with appropriate control equipment (such as fabric filters or cyclones separators). * Equipment powered with diesel and vehicles will be well maintained to minimize particulate emissions. * Where dust emissions are high, katcha tracks will be overlain with shingle or surface treated. Where necessary, dust emissions will be reduced by a regular sprinkling of water for keeping the dust settled down, at three hours interval during the day span and six hours interval dunng the night time of construction. * Haul-trucks carrying, earth, sand, aggregate and other materials will be kept covered with tarpaulin to contain the construction materials being transported within the body of each carrier between the sites. * AISA will set up a system to monitor the air quality in the Project area in accordance with the accepted international standards. The system will cover protocols for sampling and analysis, assessment of air quality at sensitive locations, reporting, and information sharing. AISA will coordinate all the efforts in this area with the relevant authorities. Details are provided in Chapter-7. 5.5.7 Impacts on Biological Resources -a) Floral resources * Project Area is completely devoid of trees and only grasses and some herbs exist. During excavation of land, construction of roads and other infrastructure, these grasses, herbs and shrubs shall be removed. The area presently is not being utilized for any purpose, not even for grazing on account of being dried up, over-grazed grasses and unpalatable shrubs or herbs. Removal of this degraded grass cover or shrubby growth will have insignificant impact on the flora of the area. 5-14 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report b) Faunal Resources Fauna in the Project Area shall be disturbed to some extent, as the reptiles like snakes and lizards, living in the holes or long tunnels, shall either get killed or shall move to adjoining areas, on account of use of heavy machinery for construction of roads and other infrastructure. Their hideouts shall be destroyed or filled up during process. This may be considered as a low adverse impact. Similarly birds like Mynah, House Sparrows visiting the area frequently in search of food and build nests in the small bushes in the area, shall be negatively impacted and will have to leave for adjoining areas. During the construction phase excavations, construction of roads and buildings will involve transportation and movement of heavy constructional machinery in the area. Personnel employed for this purpose will not only visit the area frequently, but some will also stay on the site, which can cause harassment to avifauna besides noise which will scare away birds and other biota. . However, these activities will occur for a limited period as it is only a temporary phase, will not have any significant effect on the surrounding flora/fauna and habitat of the region. 5.5.8 Mitigation of Impacts on Ecological Resources a) Floral resources As Project Area is completely devoid of trees and impact is minor so no mitigation is required. b) Faunal resources * Vehicle speeds should be controlled to avoid any incidental mortality of small mammals or reptiles. * There should be clear orders to staff regarding prohibiting hunting and harassing wild life. 5.5.9 Impacts on Socio-oconomic Resources a) Local CommunitieslWorkforce The area's surrounding communities will be affected during the construction phase as follows: * During the construction phase the general mobility of the local residents and their livestock in and around the project area is likely to be hindered. * Unmonitored construction activities, e.g. blasting may create an accident risk for the local residents particularly their children at quarry sites. * Surrounding community will have to face the noise and dust problems during the construction activities. * Induction of outside workers in the Contractor labour may cause cultural issues with the local community. * Theft problems to the community by the Contractor workers and vice versa. I- 5-15 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Socioeconomic Issues * Due to construction of the Project, locals will get a chance of employment with the construction contractor. This may result in an increase on household income. However as 90% of the people of the project as well as Study Area are illiterate, therefore proper training is necessary for their effective utilization. a * The access to the site is only from the Main Lata Bund Road which is quite busy road. Presently the road is being widened to accommodate the present load of traffic. During the construction period various heavy machinery and trucks will travel through this road for the Kamari Site. Hence traffic volume and flow of traffic will be greatly disturbed. It will cause not only traffic jams but due to heavy load of vehicles road will also be affected. C) Gender Issues the The induction of outside labour may create social and gender issues due to the unawareness by them of local customs and norms. It will also cause hindrance to mobility of local women. d) Indigenous and Women Headed Households was * During the social field survey of the project, no indigenous group of people identified. So, no impact on the indigenous people is envisaged due to the implementation of the project. Project a No women headed household was identified during the social survey of the within the project area. e) Safety Hazards common a Occurrence of accidents/incidents during the construction activities is a phenomenon at blasting sites. * Movement of construction machinery may cause safety hazards to the surrounding communities. f) Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites the As per field survey, no religious, cultural and archaeological sites were found within project area. However, a building known as Qala Mohsin exists in Qala Mohsin village. of the Locals of the area believe that this structure is about 200 years old. The condition building is very poor and needs immediate attention otherwise it will collapse totally. However, any importance of this building was not legally documented or proved. Construction of Kamari Industrial Park will not have any direct impact on Qala Mohsin. g) Resettlement Project Area, which will be directly affected by the construction of Industrial Park do The to not involve any resettlement and relocation. Only one cemented house was expected be affected due to project boundary but the issue was resolved by readjusting the of industrial park at design stage. Two nomad families were temporarily boundary no residing in the area and they voluntarily relocated without compensation. There is infrastructure, like electricity, road, telephone, water supply and sewerage in the Project Area. 5-16 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report 5.5.10 Mitigation of Impacts on Socio-economic Resources (a) Local Communities/Workforce of social of migrant construction workers inevitably causes some degree The presence of cultural even active disputes with the local community as a result unease and the measures differences. Potential social conflict will be contained by implementing listed below: as the migrant The Contractor should use the local skilled and un-skilled labor * labor will be an labor may create some social problems. Employment of local added benefit to the community. for construction * Temporarily, the Contractor has to select specific timings exist, so as to activities at periphery of the Project while community activities their peak movement cause least botheration to the local population considering hours. mid-day). will be carried out during the fixed hours (preferably during the * Blasting the blasting timing will be made known to all the people within 500 m from The the fuse shall be site in all directions. People, except those who actually light least 15 minutes evacuated from a radius of 200 m from the blasting site,at before blasting. liaison with the local * The Contractors will be required to maintain close to common resource communities to ensure that any potential conflicts related utilization for the project purposes are resolved quickly. towards the local * Contractor will take care of the local community and sensitivity customs and traditions will be encouraged. inconvenience to the * Effective construction controls by the Contractor to avoid due to noise, smoke and fugitive dust. locals will be kept Haul-trucks carrying concrete, aggregate and sand fill materials * transported covered with tarpaulin to contain construction materials being the sites. between encouraging relations with the local communities will be promoted by * Good to the to provide opportunities for skilled and unskilled employment Contractors Contractor locals, as well as on-the-job training in construction for young people. to avoid any social will restrict his permanent staff to mix with the locals problems. purchasing campsite * Local vendors will be provided with regular business by and services from them. goods and if Contractor will warn the workers not to involve in any theft activities * The penalty would involve in such type of activities, he will have to pay heavy any one employing, would be handed over to police. Similarly, at the time of and repute- The Contractor has to take care that the workers should be of good be locked at night Contractor camp will be properly fenced and main gate will - side. with a security guard to check the theft issues from community b) Income Development use the local labor, it is very necessary to appoint a Social In order to as Study Area are in the Project Area. Because 90% people of the project as well Officer is labor. So, there is a illiterate. Their main source of income or their main occupation 5-17 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report great need of a trainer/educator who tells them and educates them about the construction phases and instruments. Traffic must be properly regulated to control traffic flows and vehicle weights. c) Gender Issues Project facilities will be located at a minimum distance of 500 m from the existing settlements and built-up areas in order to avoid disturbance to local community (women, children etc.). 'The Contractor will have to select the specific timings for the construction activities particularly along periphery of the project, so as to cause least disturbance to the local population particularly women considering their peak movement hours. Contractor will take due care of the local community and sensitivity towards local customs and traditions will be encouraged. Contractor will warn the staff strictly not to involve in any un-ethical activities and to obey the local norms and cultural restrictions particularly with reference to women. d) Indigenous and Women Headed Households As referred earlier, no indigenous people have been identified in or along the project area, hence no mitigation is required. Similarly no women headed household has been identified during the social field survey as stated earlier. So no mitigation is required. e) Safety Hazards * Compliance with the safety precautions for construction workers as per International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention No. 62, as far as applicable to the project should be included in contract and implemented. * Training of workers in construction safety procedures, environmental awareness, equipping all construction workers with safety boots, helmets, gloves, and protective masks, and monitoring their proper and sustained usage. * Contractor will ensure the provision of medicines, first aid kits, vehicle, etc. at the camp site. Contractor should also establish a dispensary for basic medical treatment. * Local communities should be informed prior to any blasting, and use of protective devices (e.g., wire containment, displaying warning signs along the work site, communicating advance warnings to mats) should be encouraged to enhance blasting safety. * Prior to blasting thorough inspection will be conducted. a Safety lookouts will be built to prevent people and vehicles from passing at the time of blasting. * Cordon off the work areas where necessary. * The storage of all solid waste shall be practiced so as to prevent the attraction, harborage or breeding of insects or rodents, and to eliminate conditions harmful to public health or which create safety hazards, odors, unsightliness, or public nuisances. 5-18 Kamari Industrial Park AISA i NESPAK EIA Report Construction and material transport machinery speed should be reduced to 30 mph in order to minimize the accident chances. f) Religious, Cultural and Historical Sites As referred earlier, no religious, cultural or historical sites have been identified within the is project area and Qala Mohsin is not in direct influence therefore, no mitigation required. g) ResettlemenVCompensation Two nomad families have already vacated the project area voluntarily and the effect on cemented house boundary has already been resolved at design stage, therefore, no resettlement and compensation is involved in this project. 5.6 During Operation Stage 5.6.1 Impact on Land Resources a) Soil Contamination The project operation will result into generation of substantial quantities of solid waste from different industries in each industrial cluster. This waste may have significant impact on soil if a proper arrangement for its collection, transportation and disposal is not made. In order to assess the impacts and proper designing of collection, transportation and disposal system, it is imperative to quantify the solid waste generation and assess its characterization. In case of solid waste generation from residential and commercial areas, the factors such as population with projection and typical solid waste generation rates are known. But in case of new industrial establishments, solid waste generation rate can not be judged, because it depends on type of industry, production capacity etc. Typical commercial and industrial solid waste generation rates are given as follows: Sr. No. Source Range 1 Office Building 0.5 - 1.1 kg/employee/day. 2 Restaurant 0.2 - 0.8 kg/employee/day. 3 Industrial 0.4 - 1.6 kg/employee/day. It is expected that about 6500 to 10000 workers shall be employed in the industrial park based on 50 to 75 workers / ha. The expected solid waste generation based on 1.0 kg/person/day-shall be about 6.5 to 10 tonnes / day with the breakup for each industrial cluster as given below: 5-19 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Table 5-3: Estimation of solid waste generation Si. No. Type of Industry Allocated No. of Workers Solid Waste and other uses Area Generation Range (1 Kg per Person per _ay) (Ha) 50/ha to 75/ha ton/day to ton/day 1 Light Engineering 22 1100- 1650 1.1 1.65 2 Food Processing 18 900- 1350 0.9 1.35 3 Leather Garments 19 950 1425 0.95 1.42 4 Carpet Weaving 25 1250 1875 1.25 1.88 5 Commercial Area 1.5 - - 1 1.5 6 Parks / Playground 2.9 0.5 0.7 7 Public Utilities 5.9 0.8 1.5 Total Waste Generation (Tons/Day) 6.5 10 Quantification of solid waste produced from each individual industry is not possible at this stage as it depends on type of industry, production capacity etc. However, characterization of solid waste from each individual industry has been done and percent wastages are estimated as shown in Table 5-4. Table 5-4: Solid Waste Characterization from individual industry Sr. Category Type of Solid Waste Pollution No. Industry 1 Light Solid waste generated is mostly aluminum chips or Engineering Aluminum filings during cutting and drilling operations. There will of profile pieces. Expected wastages Doors arebe also5-9% wastages of the profiles used. Fumiture The following solid waste is generated: Products - Saw Dust. - Wood Chips & Pieces. - Used Rags and Cotton Waste. - Bottle & Cans. Wastage of wood is expected to range from 6 - 15%. Cooking Ware Solid waste is generated during cutting of sheet metal. The generation may vary from 10 - 25%. Plastic Solid waste is generated during processing of plastic Industry resins or plastic materials, comprising mostly plastics. Depending on the process and material used, the wastage will range at 2 - 10%. 5-20 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Sr. Category Type of Solid Waste Pollution No. Industry Spare Parts Solid waste mostly comprises of metal material. Metal (Nuts & Bolts) scrap generation varies from 10-30% depending upon the product. Some packing material waste, comprising of paper and paper board is also generated. Locks Solid waste mostly comprises metal material. Metal scrap generation depends upon product type and size and is likely to be in a range of 10-25%. Tiles There is no significant solid waste disposal problems associated with tile production process. Light Solid waste mostly comprises metallis material. Metal Agriculture scrap generation can vary from 5-15% depending upon Tools the type of tool manufactured. 2 Food Biscuit Any solid waste generated during product processing is Processing Products of organic nature. Spices Solid waste mostly generated is from the raw packing material. Cooking Oil Most of the solid waste is disposed off as raw material for cattle feed. Other waste (filter cake) is of clayish nature and has insignificant environmental impact. Beverages Insignificant quantities of solid wastes are generated during the beverages manufacturing. Processed Solid wastes resulting mainly from screening and Meat housekeeping may also be of concern but this will depend upon the degree of separation and by-product recovery practiced at the individual plant. Salt The waste is generally added to the raw material or Processing recycled Fruit Juice Solid wastes generated from fruit processing are dirt (from raw materials), peels, fibrous material and stones/pits. The quantum of solid waste generation depends on the type of fruit processed I 3 Leather Solid waste generated comprises shavings & cuttings 5-21 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report Pollution Sr. Category Type of Solid Waste No. Industry materials, including packing materials. Garments of leather, other value. The waste generated has insignificant pollution during carpet finishing mostly Carpet Carpet Solid waste generated 4 materials trimmings or cuttings. Industry Finishing consists of carpet organic nature. -1 The solid waste is mostly of b) Natural Drainage in the natural drainage pattern of the The project operation may cause the disruption due to conversion of unpaved areas into area and can result into the increased runoff paved areas. 5.6.1 Mitigations of Impacts on Land Resources a) Soil Contamination waste generated from different in view the quantities and composition of solid Keeping study for proper solid waste provisions have been made in preliminary design clusters, which will involve the following major management (details are provided in Chapter 7), operations: Collection of Waste area is concerned, it is solid waste generated from commercial and institutional As far as be adopted. proposed that manual and vehicular system of collection convenient. However, system of waste collection is not only fast but also The vehicular that each industry shall be case of industrial waste collection, it is proposed in place or transfer station located responsible to transport the waste upto the storage within the Project Area. Storage Place / Transfer Station and waste to be generated from the commercial It has been proposed that solid and will stored at designated place such as corner of roads institutional area shall be be feasible in transfer station. However, this system will not finally be transport to the organic and as they may produce waste of wide variation i.e. case of industrial units the premises of two types of waste bins that would be placed within inorganic. Therefore, This arrangement to contain organic and inorganic waste separately. each industrial unit will be transferred to the waste at point source. Finally the organic waste will segregate reused. Howaver, if any toxic station and inorganic waste will be recycled or the transfer fill through appropriate measures. or hazard waste is encountered it will be properly land to the sanitary landfill site. The solid From the transfer station, waste will be transported waste system shall consist of the following: collection bins of size 7 cu.m Bins (Skips Container-for organic waste): The Collection suitable locations in the commercial and having capacity of 2 tonnes, shall be placed at 5-22 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EiA Report solids generated institutional areas. It is assessed that about 10% to 20% of the total within the industrial park shall be from commercial and institutional areas. 5 to 8 skips Based on the location and capacity of the skips it is proposed that about shall be placed at various locations. Skips / Container Lifting Trucks: at least two Based on the number of trips to be made by the trucks, it is proposed that skip / container lifting trucks be provided. Transfer Station: equipment. The transfer station shall consist of civil works, mechanical and electrical Civil work will include construction of various buildings. Transportation: fill site, large For the transportation of solid waste from the transport station to land 20 - 25 tonnes. capacity truck / trailers are required. The capacity of one trailer is about transport the Therefore, atleast, two trailers of such capacity will be needed which can waste in two or three trips. Alternatively dumpers can be used for the transportation solid is about waste from transfer station to land fill site. The capacity of one dumper of solid side, about 4.5 tonnes. Therefore in case of 2 to 3 trip by each dumper upto the land fill 10 dumpers will be required. Land Fill Site: land fill site, beside other infrastructure facilities, heavy machinery will be required At the end fill operation. It is estimated that at least two bulldozers, two excavators, two for land will and two water bouzer's (one working and one standby for each machinery) loaders and trained be required. For an efficient solid waste management system, adequate staff personnel should be engaged. solid waste It is proposed that instead of providing all the above facilities by owner, the providing all system can be handled by private Contractors who will be responsible for This matter the facilities for collection of solid waste up-to its disposal at the land fill site. out before the process of disbursement for timely completion of the shall be worked and Therefore, it is highly recommended that a legal agreement between AISA project. be identified World Bank should be developed that states the landfill site will in any case before the disbursement process. hazardous Following measures needs to be considered to assure safe disposal of wastes. Is* Availability of cover materials * Provision of effective drainage system * Leachate collection and disposal system * Provision of geo-membranes such as HDPE etc. * Fire prevention arrangements * Ground water protection system such as Vertical walls b) Natural Drainage 5-23 I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park AISA EIA Report the area. One It has been ensured that project will not disrupt the natural drainage of to facilitate the drain has been proposed on the eastern side of the project boundary and dikes are proposed on the southern side to prevent the project from drainage Darya-Ye-Lowgar flooding. The water from the dikes will be diverted to the nullah called median along about 400 m from the project boundary. Drains will also be provided in the ponds. Box the roads to collect the storm water runoff and dispose off into retention culvert will be provided at roads and streets for cross drainage. 5.6.2 Impacts on Water Resources a) Water Quality amount of wastewater is anticipated to be generated as described in the Considerable from forthcoming paragraphs due to the operation of industrial units. Any contamination Logar Well Field the proposed industrial area in future may risk to the shallow aquifer in which ultimately can affect human health. it is order to property assess the impact of wastewater on surface and groundwater, In from proposed necessary to quantify and characterize the wastewater emissions type of industrial industrial park. The characteristic of the wastewater depends on the depending on its units. Each type of industry has different wastewater quality parameters industrial clusters, process and uses. The proposed Industrial Park will have five major Weaving etc. Due i.e. Light Engineering, Food Processing, Leather Garment and Carpet characteristics and to limitation in data availability, estimation of wastewater generation, pollution load, generation is based on these five industrial clusters. Wastewater Generation (process In various industries, water is used as raw material as a means of production and subsequent water), for cooling purposes and for human uses. Water requirements output depend on several factors. Normally, the quantity of industrial wastewater Following wastewater ranges between 50% to 90% of the total water consumption. are used for assessment of wastewater generation from each of industrial assumption to its production cluster: As at master planning stage, no detailed industrial data related water demand of capacity is available, therefore, wastewater generation is based on each industrial cluster as provided in the preliminary design study. wastewater * 80% of water demand of each of industrial cluster comes out as except for Food Processing industry. 55% of water demand for Food Processing cluster comes out as wastewater. public utilities, * 80% of water demand comes out as wastewater in case of commercial areas and parks and play grounds. is given in Table Based on the above assumptions, the expected wastewater generation 5-5. 5-24 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report clusters Table 5-5: Estimation of wastewater generation from different industrial of Industry and Other Total Water Total Expected Sr. Type Gal/day No. uses Requirement Wastewater Gal/Day * x 0.8 = 1. Light Engineering 165,000 165,000 132,000 x 0.55 = 2. Food Processing 225,000 225,000 1 123,750 x 0.8 = 57,000 3. Leather Garment 71,250 71,250 x 0.8 = 75,000 4. Carpet Weaving 93,750 93,750 x 0.8 = 6,000 5. Commercial Area 7,500 7,500 x 0.8 = 11,800 6. Public Utilities 14,750 14,750 l Total 405,550 0.4 MGD * Say Study. * Water requirement adopted from Preliminary Design quantities for individual industry cannot be calculated at this stage due The wastewater industrial unavailability of production capacity and water demand of each individual to of the individual unit. Only characterization of the pollutants will be done for some industries in each industrial cluster. Wastewater Characterization sample cases of Wastewater characterization is done for each industrial clusters and characterization for individual industries from each industrial cluster. The wastewater is based on information provided in preliminary design study whereas industrial clusters of for sample individual industries in each cluster is done on the basis characterization from these study of similar industries. The wastewater quality expected to be generated industrials clusters is characterized as under: i) Waste Water from Light Engineering Industries are proposed to At the planning stage following various type of small engineering units be established at the industrial park: * Aluminium Doors. * Fumiture Product * Cooking Wear * Plastic Industries (Chairs, Pipes, Pockets, Dishes, Sandals & Shoes) Spare Parts (Nut & Bolts). Locks. I Tiles. Light Agriculture Tools. 5-25 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report In engineering works and metal working plants, coolants, lubricants or abrasive are used in metal cufting, especially for turning, milling, drilling, groove cutting, sawing and grinding. These activities are mainly emulsifiers such as soaps, Napthenates and other anionic / cationic detergents, resins etc. These are often referred as soluble oil. Commercially available soluble oils are mixed with a certain proportion of water, accordingly to their purpose and can be recycled for several months and later on drained off as used emulsion and replaced by fresh emulsion. The used emulsion forms the wastewater. The discharge quality of these used emulsion are quite small, but their BOD5 may be higher-as compared to other wastewater. In case of plastic manufacturing, wastewater is both from factories providing primary and semi-finished products and from factories for finished products. The successive process may vary to some extent, may or may not are water and given liquid and solid waste substances with organic and inorganic components. ii) Waste Water from Food Processing Industries Under the food processing the following small industrial units are expected to be established: * Salt Processing. * Fruit Juice. * Biscuit Product. * Spices. * Cooking Oil. * Beverage (Mineral Water, Coca Cola, Pepsi. Wastewater from the food and beverage processing industrial plants mostly contain energy rich organic compounds, such as proteins, peptides, amino -acids, sugar and carbohydrates, animal and vegetable fats and lower organic acids etc. The characteristics of wastewater from food processing industries fall in the following ranges. £BOD 5 ... 150 to 750 mg/l * COD ... 250 to 1000 mg/I 3Suspended Solid ... 200 to 1000 mg/l . pH ... 8 to 10 iii) Waste Water from Leather Garments Industries In leather garments, the following types of small units are expected to be established. In the leather factories the tanned leather is made ready for marketing by finishing process. Different types of processing may produce no wastewater. If in the leather factories, there is no dyeing or processing of the fats in gluing, then, the wastes are not particularly harmful. In plants where the leather is dyed after finishing, the substances such as acid, basic and substantive aniline dyes, rare sulphur dyes (for chamois leather) and dyeing woods, such as logwood, red wood, or fustic (for glace leather) are present, and in this way, dye residues also get into wastewater but in small amounts. In case of dye, lot of water is used for rinsing and the pH of wastewater ranges 5-7. 5-26 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industriai Park EiA Report iv) Waste Water from Carpet Weaving Industries to be generated from In the process of carpet weaving no wastewater is expected be for human uses only. various weaving activities. The wastewater generated shall & Institutional Areas v) Waste Water from other residential, Commercial areas shall be of wastewater from residential, commercial areas and institutional The will vary in the following normal quality. The expected characteristics of wastewater range: * BOD5 : 200 to 400 mg/I mg/l * COD : 350 to 600 3Total Suspended Solid : 150 to 350 mg/I . pH : 6 to 8 industrial cluster v) Waste Water from sample individual industries in each industry in each industrial Expected wastewater characteristics from sample individual cluster is described in Table 5.6. from each industrial Table 5-6: Wastewater characterization of sample industries sector Sr No. Industrial Sample Wastewater Characterization Cluster Industry from Light Tile Wastewater will mostly be generated 1. other utilities. Engineering manufacturing workers in industries and Process wastewater quantities are very less in this industry. from cooking oil 2. Food Cooking oil Typical liquid effluents Processing industry are: pH-3.5-4.5 2 BOD 5 (mg/l)- -9000 COD (mgA)---1 5000 TSS (mgA)--25000 Shoe Mostly organic chemicals generated from 3. Leather For a pair of Garments manufacturing leather shoe manufacturing. 100 tennis shoes, 2 lbs of organic chemicals are produced. not generate substantial 4. Carpet The process do Weaving amount of wastewater Pollution Load Calculation 5-27 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report ail industrial clusters, the food may be noted from above discussions, that among It process wastewater production. processing industry has the highest contribution towards garments, and carpet manufacturing sectors Other industres in light engineering, leather the of process wastewater. However, in these sectors, produce very less quantities area. Based on these is mostly produced from human uses in the industrial wastewater the following procedure: Waste assumptions, the pollution load is calculated by adopting taken for load calculation. water generation as described in Table 5.3 has been of food processing cluster is * For food processing, typical pollutant concentration considered for pollution load calculation into kg/day. residential and institutional areas, wastewater concentrations * For commercial, be used. for residential commercial, and institutional areas will specified concentrations clusters other than food processing, wastewater * For industnal will be used as the for residential commercial, and institutional areas specified most of the wastewater is process wastewater is quite less in these cases and produced from human uses. load calculation to assess the Maximum pollutant concentration is adopted for * load calculation from each of worst conditions. Table 5.7 presents the pollution industrial cluster. . industrial clusters Table 5-7: Pollution load generated from different Light Engineering Industry __ flow Total load Typical Concentration Wastewater Parameter Kg/day mg/lit Litday 200 400 BOD 5 300 600 499620 COD 175 Suspended solids 350 Food processing indu try Wastewater flow Total load Parameter Typical Concentration Kg/day mg/lit Lit/day 351 750 BOD5 468 1000 468394 COD 468 __ Suspended solids 1000 Leather Garments Industryv Wastewater flow Total load Parameter Typical Concentration mg/lit LiVday Kg/day 86 400 BODs 129 600 215745 COD 76 Suspended solids 350 Carpet Weaving Industry Wastewater flow Total load Parameter Typical Concentration Kg/day mg/lit Lit/day 114 400 BOD5 170 600 283875 COD 99 Suspended solids 350 5-28 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report The above table provides a clear picture of total load contribution of each industrial cluster by calculating total pollution load in terms of Kg per day. It can be seen from the above tables that food processing industry is considered to be the most polluting industry generating the largest pollution load. Table 5.8 presents the pollution load calculation from commercial areas and public utilities. Table 5-8: Pollution load generated from commercial areas and public utilities Commercial Area Parameter Typical Concentration Wastewater flow Total load mg/lit Lit/day Kglday 9 BOD5 400 13 COD 600 22710 Total Suspended 7 solids 350 Public Utilities Parameter Typical Concentration Wastewater flow Total load mg/lit Lit/day Kg/day 18 BOD5 400 COD 600 44663 27 Total Suspended 16 solids 350 b) Groundwater Quality The project operation is expected to generate substantial quantities of wastewater. The wastewater if not properly treated and disposed may infiltrate into ground and contaminate the groundwater aquifer. 5.6.3 Mitigations of Impacts on Water Resources a) Surface Water Quality It is suggested that wastewater from industrial processes and sanitary sources should be properly treated before its disposal or reuse. The wastewater treatment process depends on the concentration and type of wastewater, whereas the degree of treatment depends on the required effluent quality and its final re-use. In case wastewater is disposed off into the River / Nullah, the quality of effluent should meet the limitation with respect to country's bye-laws and governing EPA's recommendations. Whereas, in case, wastewater is recycled and reused, the effluent quality should meet the specific quality requirements and accordingly the degree of treatment shall be higher. Keeping the scanty of water into consideration, not only for the proposed industrial park, but also for the adjoining areas and city, It is recommended that wastewater after tertiary treatment may be used for plantation and irrigation. It is to be noted that after tertiary mg/litre, which treatment the BOD5 and suspended solid shall be in the range of 20 mean that after filtration and chlorination the treated wastewater can be used for irrigation and plantation purposes. This practice may also be use full for ground water re- charging of the area. It is proposed that collection of wastewater system shall be combined, i. e. sanitary and industrial wastewater shall be collected through a single pipeline. Therefore, a mixture of 5-29 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report sanitary and industrial wastewater (without hazardous and toxic chemicals) shall be produced. That mixture will be treated at CWTP. The expected characteristic of this mixed wastewater may fall within the ranges as follows: * BODs5 175 to 600 mg/l 3 COD 300 to 900 mg/l * Suspended Solid 175 to 700 mg/l * pH 6to 10 As CWTP is designed to remove the above four pollutants therefore, following recommendations are made for each individual industry: raw Each individual industry should be made responsible for pre-treatment of their effluent to bring their concentrations within the influent concentrations of CWTP (like Each industry should remove any pollutant in addition to the above mentioned heavy metals in case of light agricultural tools) before transmitting their effluent for central treatment. as After collection of combined wastewater, it will be treated upto tertiary level in CWTP described below: Waste Water Collection and Disposal System Keeping in consideration the characteristic of wastewater expected from the proposed such industrial units and other consumers, the wastewater treatment process shall be that it will meet the quality standards for industrial effluent. The wastewater shall be treated in four stages as follows: Stage-I: Pre-Treatment: Pre-treatment consists of settling of heavier, mostly inert and gritty matters such as sand, silt etc. The grit is removed to Grit Collection Pit for final disposal. Stage-Il: Primary Treatment: Primary treatment consists of settling of relatively lighter, mostly inorganic and coarser to suspended solids in Primary Clarifier. The settled solids (sludge) is transported Primary Sludge Pit from where the sludge is intermittently pumped to primary sludge to digester. The floating matters lighter than water, such as oil, grease, etc. skimmed off Scum Pit for final disposal. The digested sludge from primary sludge digester is then transported to sludge drying beds for drying and ultimate disposal while the clear supernatant is returned to primary clarifier. Stage-lIl: Secondary Treatment: Secondary treatment shall be performed by biological process, the proposed process for the industrial wastewater shall be Activated Sludge process. It consists of aeration of as relatively lighter, mostly organic suspended solids including biological matters such bacteria in aeration tank. During aeration, aerated (activated) sludge will be partly from secondary clarifier to the aeration tank for seeding of the mixed liquor recirculated by in the aeration tank. During aeration the suspended organic solids are stabilized aerobic process. The stabilized suspended solids are then settled in Secondary Clarifier. 5-30 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report The settled solids (sludge) are removed to Secondary Sludge Pit from where the sludge is intermittently pumped to Secondary Sludge Thickener Tank. The floating matters lighter than water, such as oil, grease, etc. are skimmed off to Scum Pit for final disposal. The sludge is thickened in Secondary Sludge Thickener Tank by Aerobic digestion. The digested sludge is removed to Sludge Drying Beds for drying and ultimate disposal while the clear supernatant is returned to Primary Clarifier. Stage-IV: Tertiary Treatment: If it is desired to re-use the treated wastewater, disinfection of effluent by using chlorine gas as disinfectant shall be carried out followed by filtration. It is recommended that effluent from CWTP should meet the limiting standards specified by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and should be used for the irrigation purpose for the green belts provided inside the industrial Park. b) Groundwater Quality The groundwater is deep in the study area and it has already been proposed that wastewater should be treated in CWTP to meet FAO limiting values before its use for parks and green belts, therefore, the chances of groundwater contamination are quite low. 5.6.4 Impacts on Air Resources Air Pollution Industries in each industrial sector will cause air emissions resulting in deterioration of ambient air quality and ultimately effecting human health. NO, and SO, will be dry deposited around the emission sources and when carried -away may cause wet_ deposition in the form of acid rain. During impact assessment it is imperative to assess the characteristics of air pollutants. The quantification of air emissions from each individual industry is not possible at this stage due to unavailability of production capacity, type of fuel being used and flue gas emission rate but on the basis of type of process involve in each industry the characterization of pollutants is done as described below: Light Engineering Sector There will be insignificant emissions from most of the industry of light engineering sector like aluminum doors, fumiture products, cooking ware, plastic industry and spare parts. However, some of the industries in light engineering sector contribute towards air emissions like ceramics/tiles industry and light agricultural tools industry. The major emissions from each of the industry are characterized below; Ceramics/riles industry:--In manufacturing process major emissions results from combustion of fuel and major pollutants include NO,, CO, SO, and hydrocarbons. The concentration of pollutants depends upon the chemical composition of fuel and its consumption. Light Agriculture Tools Industry: The major pollutants emitted from this industry are hydrocarbons. Their concentration in emission depends upon chemical composition of fuel and the degree to which fuel burns. 5-31 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Food processing sector Among all the industries in this sector only biscuit products and salt processing industry have some significant emissions including NO,, CO, SOx and some solid air borne particles from salt processing industry. Leather garments and carpet Industry Leather garments and Carpet Industry will not cause any significant harmful air emissions. So no protection measure is required for these industries. Noise Pollution Industrial units such as construction material industry, marble industry, textile industry will create noise and vibrations. The direct affectees of this noise pollution will be the workers working in the Industrial Park. Similarly Kabul camp and Choragali villages are located near the Industrial Park. Those residents will be affected by the noise and vibration generated by industrial units. It is estimated in preliminary design study that during the full plant operation, anticipated noise levels outside the plant and industrial units buildings at 100 meters distance will be below 60 dB (A). For local Control Rooms with all the equipment operating, the anticipated noise levels will be within 70 dB (A). 5.6.5 Mitigations of Impacts on Air Resources Air Pollution Emissions from air pollution sources will be brought within permissible limits of National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) Pakistan. These standards are chosen as reference because both the countries are developing countries and have similar geographic conditions. However, these standards should- be followed until the environmental standards of Afghanistan are developed and enforced. i) Selection Criteria of Pollution Control Devices Emissions of SOx, NOx and PM are anticipated to be common air pollutants in case of industrial parks. For PM control gravitational settling chambers, cyclones, fabric filters or electrostatic precipitators can be installed. However, selection of air pollution control devices should be done carefully keeping in view its removal efficiency and its economical viability. For instance electrostatic precipitators are considered to be most effective PM removal device with removal efficiency above 90% but as far as cost is considered, it is also the most expensive device and therefore may not be considered suitable for installation in industrial units of a developing country like Afghanistan. On the other hand, gravitational settling chambers are the least expensive devices for PM removal but their removal efficiencies are quite low especially for particles with diameter less than 5 microns. Therefore, its installation is also not suitable. However, cyclones are devices with reasonable removal efficiencies at affordable cost of installation. That is why it is imperative to keep in mind the- cost-efficiency trade off while deciding the pollution control device 5-32 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report ii) Industry Specific Mitigations Light Engineering Sector CeramicsfTiles Industry handling operations, it is an effective For control of particulates from raw materials areas and to vent through fabric filters. practice to enclose the unloading and conveying sources can be controlled by changing to Control of gaseous emissions arising from fuel such as sulfur. fuels having a lower content of certain pollutants, emissions. These include Several process modifications can be used to lower the fuel which vaporize at furnace * Reducing the amounts of materials in temperature. furnace fuels; * Increasing the fraction of recycled gas in the the furnace; * Installing sensing and control equipment on * Modifying the burner design and firing pattems; furnace exhausts. It has been oxides are the gases of principal concern in Sulfur control for both sulfur oxides and demonstrated that wet scrubbers provide good particulates. of these pollutants. It has been Multitube Cyclones will remove varying amounts an alkaline spray converts gaseous sulfur reported that treating the exhaust streams with particulates. oxides to solids which can then be collected as solids. These presently have little Control systems for air pollution control will generate to be an attractive source of chemicals. or no economic value and are not considered recycling to other industrial process or Generally, these solids are best disposed of by through land filling. Light Agricultural Tools can be achieved by changing to of gaseous emissions arising from fuel sources Control such as sulfur. fuels having a lower content of certain pollutants, solids. These presently have little Control systems for air pollution control will generate to be an attractive source of chemicals. or no economic value and are not considered by recycling to other process or through Generally, these solids are best disposed of land filling. Food Processing Sector Biscuit Industry can be controlled and reducing by use The air emissions resulted from Biscuit Industry combustion control. of low sulphur fuel, efficient burners and proper Salt Processing Industry: is only particuiate matter arising from different Since from this industry major pollutant from crushing, grinding and storage. For control of particulates operations like handling, enclose the unloading and handling operations, it is the general practice to raw materials Also electrostatic precipitator can be conveying areas and to vent through fabric filters. use for the dust control. 5-33 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Noise Pollution Noise emissions sources will be brought within permissible limits of National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) Pakistan. These standards are chosen as reference because both the countries are developing countries and have similar geographic conditions. However, these standards should be followed until the environmental standards of Afghanistan are developed and enforced. Noise generated from the plant machinery such as Generators, Turbines and other moving parts will be reduced by using protective covers made of noise absorbing material. All the noise generating machinery will be placed inside the power plant and industrial units building to reduce the noise levels for outside of these units. Workers working near the noise generating machines will be strictly required to use ear muffs and other PPE's as appropriate. 5.6.6 Impacts on Biological Resources a) Floral resources Some of the industrial units will emit gases and discharge chemical laden water, which if allowed untreated will adversely effect surrounding environments resulting in air and water pollution which will adversely affect vegetation due to heavy chemical concentration in water and noxious gases (NO2, NO3) interfering with photo synthesis and growth of plants. b) Faunal resources On account of permanent construction of roads and industrial units wild life present in the Project Area such as snakes, lizards shall move to the adjoining areas and the birds that have their nesting in the low bushes in the area will move to the nearby trees or fields. This is- a minor negative impact. Noxious gases emissions will also affect avifauna. 5.6.7 Mitigations of Impacts on Biological Resources a) Floral and Faunal resources Extensive planting of trees shall be carried out along the proposed roads, paths, green areas and compounds of the various units proposed to be set up in the area. * As the emissions from each individual industry will be abated by the use of suitable air emission control device and through process modification, therefore, the emission of noxious gases will reduce the impact intensity to insignificant on photosynthesis and growth of plants. * Nearly 10,000 trees are estimated to be planted up in the Project Area, along roads and at other available sites. This will not only mitigate any loss caused to flora, and environments, but will improve the habitat making it lush green and full of trees. * Trees recommended for raising along roadside and green areas in the project area are as listed in Table 5.9 below: 5-34 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Table 5-9: Recommended Trees for Plantation Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 1. Ash Tree Fraxinus floribunda 2. Ailanthus Ailanthus altissima 3. Chinar Platanus orientalis 4. Mulberry Morus alba 5. Aleppo pine Pinus halepensis 6. Gul-e-Pista Pistacia khanjik 7. Sanjid Alaeagnus adjustifolia 8. Poplar Populus ciliate 9. Robinia Robinia pseudacacia 10. Khon Tamarix gallica * Trees mentioned at Serial No. 1 - 4 are to be preferred and their share in the planting should be 60%. Whereas trees mentioned at serial No. 5 to 8 should be planted on 30% area and the remaining area to be covered with trees mentioned at serial No. 9 and 10. In addition to planting along the road side and green areas, the industrialists who set up their industries should be encouraged to plant trees, ornamental shrubs and fruit plants in the compounds of their units. It will add to the aesthetic value of the area, enhance and improve not only the landscape of the area, but also the working conditions in their units. * Flora and fauna are closely related to each other and depend on each other in many ways. With the improvement of the flora of the area, fauna and especially avifauna will be attracted to the area as they will find their resting, roosting and nesting places in the lush green trees with plenty of food over the area. Trees recommended for planting have already been given in above paragraph. The ornamental shrubs which can be planted in this area are listed in Table 5.10 below:: Table 5-10: List of Shrubs which can be planted- Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 1. Bougainvillea Bougainvillea 2. Tecoma Tecoma stans 3. Legerstroemia single Lagerstroemia indica 5-35 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name 4. Legerstroemia double Lage stroemia species 5. Kaner Nerium odorum 6. Hibiscus Hibiscus rosasinensis 5.6.8 Impacts on Socio-economic Resources a) Local Communities/Workforce The area's surrounding communities will be affected during the operation phase as follows: * Although no agriculture exists in the Project Area, but will be negative impact on agriculture activity during operational stage of the project. The agriculture being practiced in the surrounding areas or Study Area will be discouraged with the setup of an Industrial Park. Locals will be more prone to business activities rather agriculture. * Surrounding community will have to face the noise and air pollution problems during the operation activities. o Induction of outside workers in the industrial park may cause cultural issues with the local community. b) Socio-economic Issues During operation phase of the Project, locals will get a chance of employment in the industrial park. This may result in increase of household income. However as most of the people of the project as well as Study Area are illiterate, therefore proper training is necessary for their effective utilization as semi-skilled and skilled laborers. * After the construction of the project, the business potential will increase in the Country. The increased demand for food grains, vegetables, meat, poultry and other products will provide incentive to local farmers to enhance their farm output. So direct and indirect benefits will be accruing to local people through increased activity as a result of this proiect. c) Gender Issues * The induction of outside labour during operation of industrial park may create social and gender issues due to their unawareness of local customs and norms. It will also cause hindrance to the mobility of local women. * The induction of outside workforce may cause spread of diseases like HIV and * Hepatitis in the surrounding communities due to involvement with locals. d). Unplanned Activities along the Project Area With the development of Industrial Park, It is anticipated that various other activities will start in the immediate vicinity of project site. These activities may include unplanned development of housing units for the workers working in the industrial park along with setup of small level commercial areas. These activities will definitely put additional burden on natural resources of the study area along with the creation of the liquid, solid waste and gaseous/particulate matter. 5-36 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report 5.6.9 Mitigation of Impacts on Socio-economic Resources (a) Local Communities/Workforce causes of outside workers during operation of industrial park inevitably The presence as a degree of social unease and even active disputes with the local community some by implementing result of cultural differences. Potential social conflict will be contained the measures listed below: be made to purchase the raw material for industries from surrounding Efforts should of communities. The representative example in this case can be purchase agricultural of cooking oil Olive seeds from surrounding agricultural communities for the production in food sector of industrial park. skilled and un-skilled The AISA/IPDA should encourage the industrialists to use the local this will be an added labour as the migrant labour may create some social problems and benefit to the community. will help to implementation of air pollution control measures specified in EIA report Strict during operation reduce the air and dust problems to be faced by the communities phase. industries to relations with the local communities will be promoted by encouraging Good as well as on-job provide opportunities for skilled and unskilled employment to the locals, training. goods and getting Local vendors will be provided with regular business by purchasing services from them. b) Socio-economic Issues income but also It is a positive impact and will not only lead to increase in household contribute towards national economic uplift. c) Gender Issues and to respect IDPA will warn the staff strictly not to involve in any un-ethical activities the local norms and cultural restrictions particularly with reference to women. women of the project as well as the Study Area should be given a chance In this stage, centers in different kind of activities. Sewing centers and other technical to indulge will be as be opened for the women of the Project Area. By little training, women should opportunity useful as men. So, it is expected that women will be given employment during the construction and operation stage of the Kamari Park. d). Unplanned Activities along the Project Area future plans of the In order to address these issues formulation of laws and change in relevant district administrations will be required. relevant district Therefore, it is suggested that AISA should coordinate with the of Bagrami district along with the Planning and Development Department administration dealt by all stages of the project. This will provide awareness of issues to be of Kabul at relevant government departments and administration. This coordination will help relevant to address the authorities to develop or mould their future strategies proactively anticipated issues likely to arise in the vicinity of the industrial park. 5-37 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 5.6.10 Cumulative Impacts and Mitigation Measures Cumulative impacts may result from a number of activities with similar impact interacting with environment in the region. They may also be caused by synergistic and antagonistic effects of different individual impacts interacting with each other. These may be due to temporal and/or spatial characteristics of the activities and impacts. Issues that are considered important from cumulative impacts from industrial estates include: * Potential impacts which can arise due to land application of treated or untreated wastewater. • Consideration of receiving body ability to achieve and maintain the water quality objectives established for the system. As the project operation will result into generation of substantial quantities of solid waste and wastewater as described in chapter-5, therefore, cumulative and synergistic impacts of wastewater and solid waste generated from industrial estate operation may result contamination of surface water, soil and groundwater aquifer which may result in health implications of the surrounding communities during the operation and for the workers health during the construction stage of the project. Similarly air emissions from individual industries (NOx, SO,, CO, PM and other priority pollutants) may have a major impact on the regional or local air quality. The emission levels will depend upon the quality of fuel used by each industry, size of facility and the manner in which it is burnt. The excessive concentrations of air pollutants for excessive duration may result in health implications causing asthma, reduction in lung operation, eye irritations and several other diseases. It is recommended that while carrying out the detail design of each individual industry before its installation, the design engineer should include appropriate measures in terms of plant stack characteristics, physical and chemicals characterizations of emissions, meteorological conditions at or near the site during the time the emissions travel from stack to ground level receptor and topographical conditions of the plant site and surrounding areas. Effective implementation of individual mitigation measures of the environmental parameters will definitely reduce the cumulative effects of the Project. 5.6.11 Optimum Utilization of Natural Resources Minimization of the impacts related with utilization of natural resources and recycling of waste material will be achieved through eco-efficiency of the optimal combination of the combined environment and economic performance. Technically it can be defined as the ratio of economic value added to environmental impact added. Cleaner production option means the continuous application of an integrated environmental strategy to industrial processes, products and services to increase eco- efficiency. Cleaner production focuses on minimizing resource use and minimizes the use of end of pipe treatment if not eliminated completely. It involves reshaping production and industrial processes to move towards sustainable development. Cleaner production reduces operational costs; improve profitability; provide safety to workers and have less environmental implications. 5-38 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report a relatively new concept, but it of cleaner production and eco-efficiency is still Concept social benefits. Considering and well known economic, environmental and has obvious consultant and carryout study trends, it is suggested that AISA should hire a the future development of this Industrial Park. Eco-efficiency and Cleaner Production for the better guidelines for local as well as foreign This study will also provide AISA the future to install cleaner production and eco- investors about the benefits in terms of economics efficient .ndustries. to be this study, an amount of US $ 20,000/- is recommended In order the carryout consultants with total based on an input of two experienced environmental allocated should be initiated during the detailed input of one (1) month in Afghanistan. This study design of the industrial park 5.6.12 Potential Positive Impacts of the Project to the construction and operational of Following are the anticipated positive impacts due the industrial park project: the of the development of Industrial Park will be * One of the major impacts facilities undisputed land ownership and availability of infrastructure availability of will definitely attract electricity, roads, water and security. These facilities such as units. the foreign investment for setting up of various industrial exchange will help in boosting the * Foreign investment in the form of foreign economical condition of the country. jobs will be created for the Thousands of technical as well as non-technical * conditions of the residents of locals. This will directly improve the economical areas. nearby used in various industrial raw materials available in Afghanistan will be * Various up resulting into improved units. The exports of the country will be boosted economy. Industrial Parks, locals will setup of vocational training institutes in these * With the could transfer their skills to be trained in various skills. These trained personnel be develop which will be more other. In this way a skilled work force will to the society. beneficial as drinking water, electricity, the availability of basic necessities of life such * With will be greatly benefited. hospitals within the Industrial Park local population and other forbidden activities will * With the availability of job opportunities, crimes considerably. also decrease the security situation the Industrial Park during night time will improve * Lighting of and locals. of the adjacent areas during night time for the passengers also benefit the residents of Karaz * Access road to the Kamari Industrial Park will Bakar and Daminah. 5-39 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report CHAPTER 6 - ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 6.1 General I in respect This chapter gives an overview of the alternatives that have been considered of waste water of site selection, altemative sources of water supply, electricity, treatment project options and solid waste management, and other design parameters. The considered included the followings: * No-project option * Project Site Location * Water Source and Supply System * Disposal and Treatment of Waste * Electric Supply Power Source 6.2 No Project Option and Afghanistan is situated at an ideal place sharing borders with six countries, Although passed through hub connecting Asia, Europe and the Middle East, but the country has a so economic a long Communist regime, a civil war, and the extremist Taliban regime, the country have been suffered. Due to un-employment and unfavorable growth of either illegal business oriented conditions, people of Afghanistan had turned to generate sources of income and or have leave Afghanistan to the near by countries. million of Afghanistan's imports reach to some US $5 billion against US $450 Currently, processed food, export. About half of these imports include cooking oil, soft drinks, construction materials, etc. of traditional economic growth of Afghanistan needs to be replaced over So the sources which by more dynamic and sustainable growth drivers through private entrepreneurship throughout Afghanistan's economy. A striking feature of recent economic is evident of in Afghanistan has been the slow progress in fostering the development performance medium- a strong, dynamic private sector that invests in Afghanistan's future (including investments by sizable business enterprises. If no project option is and longer-term are the economy of the country will not stabilize, hundreds of jobs which accepted then lost to be created by the development and operation of the Project will be anticipated income, from country wide positive impacts such as increase in per capita apart promotion of provision of job opportunities, decrease in crimes, enhancement of exports, technical know-how and skills to the locals and social stability. 6.3 Project Site Location of industrial park The proposed Project site was selected by AISA for the development considering the following environmental and social aspects: * Accessibility of site City * Safe distance from urban settlements and future expansion of Kabul * Availability of water resources * Less damage to the existing environment * Safe distance from sensitive habitat * Availability of Land * Minimum Disruption of settled population 6-1 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report To provide alternative livelihood resources to the people of area to discourage the illegal sources of income like cultivation of Opium Poppy, etc. Keeping in view the above main environmental and social aspects, AISA selected a site at Kamari which is located at about 10 km from Kabul City at about 1.5 km from Jalalabad-Kabul Highway. The proposed Project was the part of the Master Plan of the Kabul City. No sensitive habitat exists in the vicinity of the Project Site. The land being acquired for the Project was owned b%y the Afghan Military Force, so no land acquisition issues were envisaged. At initial stage, a boundary wall of a house was falling within the proposed Project Site. Latter on to minimize the resettlement and social issues, the project boundary was finalized by avoiding the disruption of boundary wall of the house. 6.4 Water Source and Supply System The total water demand of the industrial park is approximately 0.61 MGD. To meet this demand both surface and ground water sources were evaluated. Surface water is not available as there is no perennial and non-perennial surface water source passes through the vicinity of the proposed industrial area. However, there is a non-perennial nullah, which passes about 400 m in north of the project, which cannot meet the required continues supply of industrial park as it remains dry at major part of the year. Therefore, the only available option remains to utilize groundwater source. Groundwater table near north western boundary of the Project Area is about 90 ft and becomes to about 32 ft in a distance of about 500 m near Hassan Khel in centre of the valley. Being very closed to the foothill, the'thickness of the aquifer in the Project Area appears very limited. Also during this study inventory of existing private and government groundwater sources in and around the proposed industrial park was carried out and as per data of inventory of water sources and topography of the area, groundwater potential in and around the industrial park area appears very limited. As another option to meet the water requirements of the Industrial Estate, it was planned to utilize the water through a transmission line passing along the main highway to Jalalabad. However, matter yet has to be finalized by the AISA. Based on the recent discussions between AISA, Afghan Water Supply Authority (AWSA) and World Bank (WB) following system is to be adopted for the water supply of Kamari Industrial Park with settlements of certain issues i.e. AWSA will request the World Bank for US$ 4.0 million to construct the supply source, since it will benefit the Bank's industrial park project and the residential area and Consultant's will include this work under MTP-I, if funding is assured. Therefore, the proposed system of water supply to Kamari industrial park could be delayed and be addressed at a later stage when GoA will assure provision of US$10 million to AISA. 6.5 Treatment and Disposal of Wastes Liquid Waste A gravity wastewater collection and disposal system has been planned. The wastewater shall be generated mostly from the industrial units (industrial wastewater) and partially from commercial and institutional activities. Normally in developing countries combined (waste+storm) sewerage system is laid as it is less costly at places where rainfall occurs with intervals all over the year and sometimes enough ROW is not available to accommodate the separate sewerage system. The rationale behind separate storm 6-2 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report water and industrial waste water system is due to the fact that rainfall is seasonal. The combined system works successfully in areas where rainfall is regular throughout the year. In areas where rainfall is seasonal and limited for a few days of the year, the combined system is uneconomical and unworkable. However, other reasons for adopting separate system are a} the site faces sudden flash floods b) as the project is at a design stage, placement of services can be managed within the available ROW and c) O&M and capital cost of wastewater treatment plant will be reduced as the storm water will be disposed of through an outfall drain into the existing terrain. The wastewater collected will be treated at a CWTP. In the start of the Master Plan, site for the proposed treatment plant was selected on north-west corner of the project site. The site was rejected due to presence of a graveyard located just north of this site as this could be a serious cultural problem. The altemate site for the treatment plant has been proposed on the eastern side of the link road near the main Kabul-Jalalabad Highway. This would streamline O&M cost of the treatment plant as the future extension of the project is same towards this direction and future treatment facilities can be implemented just close to this treatment plant. Based on the development stages of the project an alternative plan has been considered i.e. to divide the CWTP into two compartments each of capacity 0.2 MGD. Therefore, initially one unit will be implemented second unit will be decided durng the detailed design stage of the project. It has been proposed to adopt "Activated Sludge System" technology for the treatment of wastewater as it has some merits over conventional oxidation pond system as depicted in Table 6-1. The treated waste water was supposed to be disposed of in non-perennial nallah called Darya-Ye-Lowgar passing about at a distance of about 400 m in north of the proposed Project. However, at the later stage keeping in view the water scarce in the project area, it was decided to reuse the treated waste water within the industrial park for watering to landscape area, plantation will be carried out in the periphery of the site and the area to be acquired for future extension of the industrial park. In addition, usage of this water will also help to recharge the underground water aquifer. Recently CWTP concept is highly appreciated in the industrial estate sector. Due to complex effluent parameters, industrial waste water should not linked with the city waste water treatment plant. 6-3 m~~~ ~~~ m Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Table 6-1 Comparison of Oxidation Ponds and Activated Sludge Systems Process Domestic Industrial Performance Power Odour Machinery Labor Constru Land O&M Sr Treatment System Waste Waste Input Problem ctUon Requirement Cost S Process Treatment Treatment Cost 1 Oxidation Less Good Less Good Not Excessiv Not Skilled Low High Less Ponds complex Required e Required 2 Activated Complex Good Good Excellent Required Less Required Unskill High Less High Sludge ed System 6-4 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Solid Waste In case of solid waste generation from residential and commercial areas, the factors such as population with projection and typical solid waste generation rates are known. But in case of new industrial establishments, solid waste generation rate can not be judged, because it depends on type of industry, prcduction capacity etc. Typical commercial and industrial solid waste generation rates are given as follows: Sr. Source Range No. 1 Office Building 0.5 -1.1 kg/employee/day. 2 Restaurant 0.2 - 0.8 kg/employee/day. 3 Industrial 0.4 - 1.6 kg/employee/day. It is expected that about 6500 to 10000 workers shall be employed in the industrial park based on 50 to 75 workers / ha. The expected solid waste generation based on 1.0 kg/person/day shall be about 6.5 to 10 tons/day. Therefore, solid waste collection, transportation and disposal system should be designed for 15 tons/day. The final disposal of waste may be applicable through different options such as a) incineration b) composting and c) sanitary landfill. Although, municipal solid waste can be processed by incineration but mostly it is used for medical waste. Process of incineration will produce pollution from the flue gases such as dust, HCL, CO, Hg etc. These gases have to be purified before emitting into the atmosphere. Incineration is a complicated process and requires very skilled labor besides its equipment will have to be imported that would make O&M cost high. Composting is only applicable where more than 60% waste is biodegradable, which is not possible in industrial park cases. Therefore, in case of proposed project, the most sustainable final disposal arrangement would be sanitary landfill site. The preliminary estimate shows generation per year based on 15 tons/day is about 4500 tones. If it is assumed that the solid waste generation will remain constant over years (as this value is taken at max production of industries) the land required for sanitary landfill would be approximately 0.2 ha. However, it is recommended to reuse and recycle the waste that would be produced in each industrial unit and left over along with municipal waste should be disposed off in sanitary landfill site. As there is no landfill site has been selected so far, which will be identified by AISA before disbursement process. However, following criteria should be considered by AISA for site selection. The land area requirement * Economical haul distance * Cost of land Environmental conditions wind direction surface hydrology ground water pollution agroundwater table and depth * Ultimate use of area 6-5 / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park AISA EIA Report * Electric Supply Power Source network In case of Kamari industrial park, it is proposed that a 110 kV transmission be extended from 220 kV Grid Station near Kabul which is scheduled to be should to commissioned in 2007-2008 through a 220 kV transmission line from Uzbekistan for provision of a self generation power plant is not feasible option due to Kabul. Option the high capital investment and O&M costs. AISA will face problems in generating funds. 6-6 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report CHAPTER 7 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN 7.1 General This Chapter provides an overall approach for managing and monitoring the environment related issues and describes the institutional framework and resource allocations proposed by AISA to implement the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) for the proposed Kamari Industrial Estate. The main objectives of EMMP are: * Provide the details of the project impacts along with the proposed mitigation measures, and a corresponding implementation schedule. * Define the responsibilities of the project proponent, contractor, supervisory consultants and other role players, and effectively communicate environmental issues among them. * Define a monitoring mechanism, reporting frequency, auditing and identifying monitoring parameters to ensure that all the mitigation measures are completely and effectively implemented. Iidentify the resources required to implement the EMMP and outline the corresponding financing arrangements. 7.2 Regulatory Requirements and Applicable Standards 7.2.1 National Regulatory Requirements i). Afghanistan's Environmental Act The Government of Afghanistan has recently approved an Environmental Law, which makes it mandatory for the project proponents to carry out an Environmental Impact Assessment and incorporate environmental and social mitigation actions as part of the project planning. Environmental Act has been promulgated to give effect to Article 15 of the Constitution of Afghanistan and provided all the management issues relating to rehabilitation of the environment, conservation and sustainable use of natural resources, living organisms and non-living organisms. The law clarifies administrative roles at the national level and coordination with provincial authorities. It spells out frameworks for managing natural resources conservation and biodiversity, drinking water, pollution control and environmental education. ii). Land Acquisition Act The Land Acquisition Act of Afghanistan contains relevant legal provisions for the compulsory acquisition of land in the public welfare. As per the current practice, compensation is to be provided based on the Government rates determined by the legally constituted committee. In case a land and property is acquired the owner gets: UThe value of land, * The value of residential houses and buildings (commercial, industrial, religious), The value of trees and orchards, and * Other assets on land. The Act also states that the person, who loses residential land, will receive a new plot of land of same value. If they wish they can get a residence or house on Government property in exchange under the proper procedures. 7-1 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report 7.2.2 World Bank Environmental Management Requirements for financial prerequisite of the World Bank that the Government seeking It is a EIA and prepare from the Bank for the development projects should carry out assistance It is also required that the environmental management and resettlement plans (OP 4.01). meet the requirements of the environmental and resettlement related planning should Bank's operational directives and policies. 7.2.3 Environmental Standards have been established in AWghanistan as yet, so different No environmental standards its own other countries will be followed unless the country established standards of and operation stage standards. Following standards will be followed during construction of the Project. i). Effluents be used for Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) of Pakistan will The National having the similar as both the countries are developing countries and effluents effluents define the geographical conditions. The NEQS for industrial and municipal released into different types maximum allowable concentration of pollutants in efftuents from project facilities (see of receiving bodies. This standard will apply to all effluents Annexure-IV) for the NEQS). ii). Gaseous Emission allowable of Pakistan for gaseous emissions define the maximum The NEQS standard will of pollutants in gaseous emissions from industries. This concentration IVfor the NEQS). apply to all gaseous discharges from project facilities (see Annexure- iii). Ambient Air Quality therefore of Pakistan are silent about the ambient air quality standards, As NEQS the United States standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO), been considered. For the Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standards have purpose of this project, the following values will be used: to both the * CO: 35 ppm over an averaging time of one hour corresponding USEPA and WHO standards hour, corresponding to Nitrous oxides (NOx): 106 ppb over averaging time of one * limit of 53 ppb the WHO guidelines, which are less stringent than the USEPA one hour, corresponding * Sulfur oxides (SOx): 140 ppb over an averaging bme of both to the WHO guidelines and USEPA standards. 3 time of 24-hours corresponding to the * PM10: 150 pg/m over an averaging USEPA standard. iv). Noise the NEQS of Pakistan and Standards for vehicle-generated noise are prescribed under will be followed (Annexure-IV). v). Drinking Water camps, WHO to the NEQS that apply to effluents released from construction In addition points for determining water drinking water quality guidelines will be used as reference quality. These are outlined in Annexure-V. 7-2 I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park AISA EIA Report vi). Surface Water NEQS and The surface water quality standards have been established under Pakistan agriculture will be followed and have been attached at Annexure-IV. However, for purposes, FAO standards will be followed. 7.3 Environmental Mitigation Management Matrix ways. These The environmental protection and enhancement are achieved in various ii) design, approaches should begin right at the embryonic stage, i.e. i) project location, and tender/contract documents, iii) construction activities and iv) post specifications environmental completion activities i.e. operation and maintenance stage. Appropriate at each management measures are required to be exercised in a cascade order by AISA stage of the project. cost- In this way, it is envisaged that the Project will achieve maximum ongoing environmental sustainability and social soundness, far beyond the end of effectiveness, managed by implementation of the Project. All the stages of the Project have to be engineering adopting the proposed environmental mitigation measures, where, besides a perfect aspects, due importance is to be accorded to mitigation measures which make blending with the surrounding ecosystem. discussed in The key environmental and social issues, which have already been Chapter-5, are as under: stages * Contamination of air, water and soil during the construction and operation * Soil erosion and soil contamination the Impact of noise generated by vehicles, machinery and equipment during construction activities Impact on community and work force safety as a result of accident hazards during the construction and operation of the project * Gender Issues. the A Mitigation Management Matrix (MMM) is provided in Table 7.1, which establishes and the linkages between the environmental and social impacts, mitigation strategy agencies responsible for execution. The MMM identify: * The required mitigation measures recommended in EIA. the * The person/organization directly responsible for adhering to or executing required mitigation measures. to * The person/organization responsible for ensuring and monitoring adherence the mitigation measures. * The parameters which will be monitored to ensure compliance with the mitigation measures. * The timing at which the mitigation or monitoring has to be carried out. 7-3 Investment Support Agency Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Mitigation DC= Design Consultant Industrial Parks at Kamari SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority A-Desi n Stage - Responsibility Reference Action/Monitoring Parameter/Monitoring Timing # Impact Mitigation Measure Recommendation Review to EIA Sr. report text Method project area drainage will be DC ALSA Section# * Preservation of natural I. Hydrology The per planned keeping in view the 3.4.2 drainage patterns as topography of the area and it has 5.4.1 (a) design recommendations. been ensured that project will not 5.4.1 (b) disrupt the natural drainage of the area. along will be provided in the DC AISA Section# * Provision of drains Drains design. median along the roads to collect 3.4.2 road side as per the storm water runoff and 5.4.1 (a) dispose off to disposal point north 5.4.1 (b) of the site will be provided at DC AISA Section# * Provision of box culvert Box culvert and streets. roads and streets for cross 3.4.2 along road drainage 5.4.1 (a) 5.4.1 (b) * Inclusion of Retention Pond at Detail Design __._ -_ Stage. tubewells To meet the water requirements DC AISA Section# * Installation of two il. Water prior to start of construction Resources of industrial park, tube wells shall 3.3.5 be installed in the Logar well-field, 5.4.2 (a) which is about 4.0 km away from 5.4.2 (b) __.____the proposed industrial park - - --- UII Water Pollution A wastewater collection and DC AISA Section# disposal system is proposed in 3.4.1 the preliminary design study of 5.4.3 (a) estate. - . 5.4.3 (b) - -- industrial of Wastewater from the industrial DC AISA Section# * Proper installation units and commercial areas will 3.4.1 treatment units. be collected by pipe and 5.4.3 (a) manholes and disposed off into 5.4.3 (b) Central Wastewater Treatment .__ .- 7-4 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority A-Desic n Stage Responsibility Reference Action/Monitoring Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure Recommendation Review to EIA Parameter/Monitoring Timing ______report text M ethod _ _ _ _ _ Plant (CWTP). IV Soil Proper solid waste collection, DC AISA Section# AISA will identify the landfill --- Contamination transportation and disposal 3.4.3 site before the system should be designed for 5.4.4 (a) disbursement. generated solid waste.-,_ 5.4-4 (b) V Aesthetics 2.9 hectares are reserved for DC AISA Section# green area in the form of parks 5.4.5 (a) and playgrounds increasing the 5.4.5 (b) aesthetics of the area. it is proposed that tree plantation DC AISA Section# should also be carried out along 5.4.5 (a) periphery of the proposed Project 5.4.5 (b) ._____ site.__ - -- 7-5 Mitigation Management Matrix for - AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Sr. it Impact Mitigation Measure EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timing Sr. #M i utext Method _,_-_._-_----._ Impleimentation ,-. Monitoring-- Auditing Land The acquisition of the land will CC SC %AISAIIP Section # * Land with minimum During Acquisition be temporary, and will be DA 5.5.1 (a), (b) disturbances to the social Construction covered by short-term lease 5.5.2 (a), (b) and ecological settings of agreements between the the area should be landowners and contractors. acquired on short term basis preferably nearby barren government land. Photo-documentation of existing land prior to leasing. * Monitoring the process of land restoration. Compensation to be made according to the lease -__ . - .agreements. -- Soil Erosion Good engineering practices like CC SC AISA/IP Section # Use of different soil During land management will help DA 5.5.1 (c) stabilizers and artificial soil Construction control soil erosion both at the 5.5.2 (c) binder where there is chance construction sites, and to be erosion of soil. workshop areas. Controlled blasting at query AISA/IP Section # Safeg and latest Blasting During areas will also help to reduce DA 5.5.1 (c) Techniques should be used Construction the soil erosion. 5.5.2 (c) like: a Use of fuse assemblies with antistatic protection. a Suitable safety fuse -.--- ______-_-- ______.------_ -- lighting device. - ____.- 7-6 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Sr. .ImMitigationMeasure EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timing mpact text Method Implementation Monitoring Auditing III Soil Oil leakages, chemicals and CC SC AISA/ Section # * Proper Maintenance of During Contamination other materials will be IPDA 5.5.1 (d) Vehicles by regular tuning Construction minimized by providing 5.5.2 (d) and other machineries appropriate storage places should be done in order to depending on the type of avoid oil spills. material for storage. * Storage of used oil in water proof containers and drum especially built for oil storage. * Placement of oil containers away from main road and residential areas. *Restricted access to these containers and placement of safety signs at storage places. * Separate storage of explosives from other chemicals and away from heat and spark sources. Chemicals will be stored as per CC SC AISA Section # Workers will be familiarized During their MSDS. /IPDA 5.5.1 (d) with Material Safety Data Construction 5.5.2 (d) Sheets (MSDS) for each chemical to be used at the site and proper storage -_ - - facilities will be developed to 7-7 Investment Support Agency Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan DC= Design Consultant Industrial Parks at Kamari SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=Industrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timing Sr. I Impact Mitigation Measure text Method Implementation Monitoring Auditing -_ -_ -_--_-_-avoid emergency spills. waste CC SC AISA/ Section # * Contractor to made During Proper solid Construction management plan should be IPDA 5.5.1 (d) responsible for safe: developed and implemented to 5.5.2 (d) . Storage avoid,'the litter and any other * Collection Transport waste problems. * Disposal * Contractor to identify final disposal point after consultation with AISA. During arrangements should be CC SC AISA/ Section# Source separation to be Proper two Construction made for the separation of IPDA 5.5.1 (d) encouraged by adopting and inorganic waste. 5.5.2 (d) bins System one for organic Biologically degradable wastes while other is for all other type of wastes. of During Proper storage place of each CC SC AISA/ Section # Clearance of flow path IV Natural drainage water. Construction Drainage type of material to be used IPDA 5.5.1 (e) natural during the construction to be 5.5.2 (e) build to avoid any hindrance to --- sloPe. . natural During of left over CC SC AISA/ Section # ---- Proper clearing Construction material at the site should be IPDA 5.5.1 (e) done. 5.5.2 (e) the increase of CC SC AISA/ Section # * Excavation and fill During V Surface and To avoid within Construction Ground Water sediments concentration, IPDA 5.5.3 material storage Quality chemicals and oil spills in storm 5.5.4 boundaries. water runoff during excavation and filling each material should - store water fori 7-8 Agency Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=Industrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timing Mitigation Measure _ _ Sr. # Impact _ _ _ _text_ Method_ - - .Implementation Monitoring %-Auditing be stored with boundaries * Total Suspended around it Solids (TSS) • Oil and Grease (O&G) • Chemicals Groundwater should be monitored for pH, Odor, Turbidity, TDS, TSS, total, Heavy Metals, coliforms, -_ - and faecal coliforms To avoid any spills of oils and CC SC AISA/ Section # * Workers will be During hazardous chemicals by best IPD,A 5.5.3 familiarized with MSDS for Construction management practices and 5.5.4 each chemical to be used good house keeping and at the site and proper storage facilities will be following the MSDS. developed to avoid emergency spills. Workers training for housekeeping practices. In case of emergency spills, CC SC AISAi Section # Development of SOP for During Standard Operating Procedures IPDA 5.5.3 emergency spills. Construction (SOP) should be developed 5.5.4 and strictly followed. Sewage from construction CC SC AISA/ Section # * Use of horizontal During camps, contractors' workshops IPDA 5.5.3 roughening filter for Construction and equipment washing-yards 5.5.4 removal of O&G and will be passed through organic solids. -_-_- gravel/sand beds to remove _ 7-9 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timing Sr. Impact Mitigation Measure text Method - Implementation Monitoring Auditing - - oil/grease contaminants before * Monitoring of wastewater discharging into soakage pits/ discharges for: nullah. a Oil and Grease . Suspended solids ______B O D , VI Air Resources Tuning of vehicles will be made CC SC AISA/ Section # * Proper tuning and During mandatory to reduce the IPDA 5.5.5 maintenance of the Construction emissions of NOx, SOx CO, 5.5.6 machinery, load carrying Hydrocarbons (HC) and PM. and other vehicles should be made mandatory at the site. Regular monitoring of vehicle exhausts for: *NOx * CO * HC * PM Emissions points from batching CC SC AISA/ Section # * Feasibility of such type of During plants will be controlled with IPDA 5.5.5 equipment based on the Construction appropriate control equipment 5.5.6 efficiency and cost should (such as fabric filters or be ascertained prior to the cyclones separators). installation. * Efficiency monitoring of cyclones or fabric filters. * Enissions monitoring for: - NOx 7-10 - m m m m m m m - m - Investment Support Agency Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Mitigation Management DC= Design Consultant Parks at Kamari Industrial SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Parameter/Monitoring Timing Measure EIA report Sr. Impact Mitigation text Method -Implementation Monitoring_ Auditing *_CO * HC ._ * PM Laying of shingle on dirt During katcha tracks will be overlain "C SC AISA Section # tracks. Construction with shingle or surface /IPDA 5.5.5 treatment should be done. 5.5.6 Regular sprinkling of water During Dust emissions will be reduced CC SC AISA/ Section # should be monitored during Construction by a regular sprinkling of water IPDA 5.5.5 day and night spans at: for keeping the dust settled 5.5.6 three hours interval down, at 3 hours interval during during the day span and six during the night time a 6 hours intervals hours interval at ho during construction. should ensure During carrying, earth, CC SC AISA/ Section# Contactor Haul-trucks coverage of the haul Construction aggregate and other IPDA 5.5.5 proper sand, trucks during materials materials will be kept covered 5.5.6 transportation. with tarpaulin to help contain construction materials being transported within the body of each carrier between the sites. Section # During Floral Project area is devoid of trees. CC SC AISA/ -V 5.5.7 (a) Construction resources IPDA .___ ------5.5.8 (a) - - - -_- There is no significant impact CC SC AISA/ Section # on the floral resources of the IPDA 5.5.7 (a) 5.5.8 (a) .-- project area. . SC AISA/ Section # * Maintain Speeds between During VIll Faunal Vehicle speeds should be CC 7-1 1 Mitigation Managmoetioit Matrix for AISA- Atglma,ilsttan Iiivestiiiauit Stippuoi Agolcey Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Conisultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority -- . ., B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Measure EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timing Sr. # Impact Mitigation ______text Method_ __ Implementation Monitoring Auditing - resources controlled to avoid any IPDA 5.5.7 (a) 30MPH. Construction incidental mortality of small 5.5.8 (b) * Sign boards admonition mammals or reptiles. the speed limit should be installed at and around construction site especially near the access roads and borrow areas. There should be clear orders to CC SC AISA/ Section # During staff, prohibiting hunting and IPDA 5.5.7 (a) Construction harassing of wild life. 5.5.8 (b) IX Local local skilled and un-skilled labor CC SC AISA/ Section # Local population (Labour) During Communities/ instead of the migrant labor. IPDA 5.5.9 (a) must be preferred during the Construction Workforce 5.5.10 (a) construction stage. AISA will employment -_--_--_-_help in this regard. Blasting will be carried out SC AISA/ Section # Safe and latest Blasting During during the fixed hours IPDA 5.5.9 (a) Techniques should be used Construction (preferably during the mid-day). 5.5.10 (a) like: . Use of fuse assemblies with antistatic protection. a Suitable safety fuse .__ -. _ _ lighting device. - - Contractor will take care of the CC SC AISA/ Section # - During local community and sensitivity IPDA 5.5.9 (a) Construction towards the local customs and 5.5.10 (a) traditions will be encouraged. --- -_-_-_---_.__-_--____._ Local vendors will be provided CC SC AISA/ Section # - Durig with regular business by IPDA 5.5.9 (a) Construction purchasing campsite goods and 5.5.10 (a) services from them. .- -- 7-12 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=Industrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure tept Mete on Timing ____ text Method __ -4 _.Imiplementation Monitoring AAudaititn _ Workers will be warned not to CC SC AISA/ Severe punishment like: During involve in any theft activities IPDA Construction and if any one would involve in * Termination from such type of activities, he will Contractor Job if found pay heavy penalty and will be guilty of theft. handed over to police * Deduction of salary/wages. . - - - * Any penalty. X Income In order to use the local labor, it CC SC AISA/ Section # Local population (Labour) During is very necessary to appoint a IPDA 5.5.9 (b) must be preferred during the Construction Social Development Officer in 5.5.1 0 (b) construction stage. the Project Area. Xi Gender Issues Specific timings for the CC SC AISA/ Section # Client should impose on the During construction activities IPDA 5.5.9 (c) contractor's activity schedule Construction particularly along periphery of 5.5.1 0 (c) that it should not overlie with the project, so as to cause least women peak movement disturbance to the local hours. population particularly women considering their peak movement hours. Proper care of the local CC SC AISA/ Section # During community and sensitivity IPDA 5.5.9 (c) Construction towards local customs and 5.5.10 (c) traditions will be encouraged. Project staff strictly wamed not CC SC AISA/ Section # Strict Monitoring of Project During to involve in any un-ethicai IPDA 5.5.9 (c) Staff Activities should be Construction activities and to obey the local 5.5.10 (c) done. norms and cultural restrictions particularly with reference to women. . 7-13 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority B-Construction Stage Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Sr. Impact Mitigation Measure EIA report Parameter/Monitoring Timning text Method -- Implementation Monitoring Auditing -_-_-- Xll Safety Hazards Training of workers in CC SC AISAt Section # * Safety signs should be During construction safety procedures, IPDA 5.5.9 (e) place at the site. Construction environmental awareness, 5.5.10 (e) equipping all construction * Monitoring the use of PPE workers with safety boots, including: helmets, gloves, and protective a Hard Hats masks, and monitoring their Safety goggles proper and sustained usage. * Ear muffs a Safety boots * Gloves Provision of medicines, first aid CC SC AISA/ Section # * Regular checking for During kits, vehicle, etc. at the camp IPDA 5.5.9 (e) provision of medical kits Construction site will be ensured. 5.5.10 (e) and ambulances at site. Contractor should provide -_ a dispensary at site. Local communities will be CC SC AISA/ Section # Schedule for blasting activity During informed prior to any blasting, IPDA 5.5.9 (e) should be provided to nearby Construction by using protective devices to 5.5.10 (e) community and they should enhance blasting safety. also be informed one hour before blasting activity starts ------Safety lookouts will be built to CC SC AISA/ Section # During prevent people and vehicles IPDA 5.5.9 (e) Construction from passing at the time of 5.5.10 (e) blasting. -_-_---- _ xiii Resettlement Two nomad families are already AISA SC AISA/ Section # During evacuated so there is no IPDA 5.5.9 (g) Construction resettlement and compensation 5.5.10 (9) - ____-____-____involved. -- - - - 7-14 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority C-Operation Stage Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Timing EIA report text Parameter/Monitoring Implementat Monitoring Auditing Method ion Soil Contamination Proper solid -waste management IPDA SC AISA Section # * Implementation of During plan should be developed for solid 5.6.1 (a) solid waste Operation waste generated from different 5.6.2 (a) management system clusters. designed for 10 tons/day involving: * Collection * Storage * Transportation * Transfer Station * Disposal * For this purpose a competent agency should be hired who will be responsible for the solid waste management. Operation of landfill will be the responsibility of AISA. Drains will be provided in the IPDA SC AISA Section # * Regular cleaning of During median along the roads to collect 5.6.1 (a) drains. Operation the storm water runoff and dispoie 5.6.2 (a) off Into retention ponds. MRepair and Maintenance of drains. - -- -- * Pond effluent should -- _- 7-15 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority C-Operation Stage Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Timing -EIA report text Parameter/Monitoring Implementat Monitoring Auditing Method be monitored for TSS, . Pathogens and Oil and Grease. Box culvert will be provided at IPDA SC AISA Section # During roads and streets for cross 5.6.1 (a) Operation drainage. 5.6.2 (a) Surface Water Proper waste water treatment IPDA SC AISA Section # a For this purpose During Quality should be provided for all type of 5.6.2 (a) Central Waste Water Operation waste water generated during 5.6.3 (a) Treatment Plant industrial operation. should be installed in order to treat all the waste generated from proposed project. * Regular monitoring of: * CWTP effluent to check compliance with NEQS Pakistan or local guidelines (if developed) parameters as per compliance monitoring protocol. * Mixture of Individual industrial and 7-16 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority C-Operation Stage Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure Responsibility - Reference to Action/Monitoring Timing EIA report text ParameterlMonitoring Implementat Monitoring Auditing Method ion sanitary effluents to meet influent criteria of CWTP Individual industrial units to remove all heavy metals. . Conduct monitoring as per monitoring p._rotocol of EMP. 111 Ground Water As groundwater is deep In the IPDA SC AISA Section # * Ground water samplesI During Quality study area and a CWTP is 5.6.2 (b) should be taken and Operation proposed to meet FAO limiting 5.6.3 (b) tested for their quality values before its use for parks and for pH, Odor, green belts, therefore, the chances Turbidity, TDS, TSS, of groundwater contamination are total, Heavy Matels, quite low. coliforms, and faecal coliforms. * Conduct monitoring as per monitoring protocol of EMP. IV Air Resources Emissions from air pollution IPDA SC AISA Section # * Monitoring of air During sources will be brought within 5.6.4 emissions sources for: Operation .permissible limits of National 5.6.5 a PMI0. Environmental Quality Standards * SOx, (NEQS) Pakistan by using different NOx pollution control devices. However, co ---. these standards should be * HC 7-17 Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks at Kamari DC= Design Consultant SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor C-Operation Stage IPDA=lndustrial Parks Development Authority Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure Responsibility Reference to Action/Monitoring Timing EIA report text Parameter/Monitoring Implementat Monitoring Auditing Method --- .-. ion followed until the environmental standards of Afghanistan are * Regular monitoring of developed and enforced. installed pollution control devices for compliance. Compliance as per monitoring protocol of EMP. V Noise Pollution Noise generated from the plant IPDA SC AISA Section # * Noisse Level During machinery such as Generators, 5.6.4 Monitoring should be Operation Pumps, Turbines and other 5.6.5 done at regular moving parts will be reduced by intervals. using protective covers made of noise absorbing material. * Carry out monitoring as per monitoring protocol of EMP. Workers working near the noise IPDA SC AISA Section # Proper training should be During generating machines will be strictly 5.6.4 given by the contractor to Operation required to use ear muffle and 5.6.5 his workers for the use of other PPE's as appropriate. PPE's VI Floral and Faunal Extensive planting will be carried IPDA SC AISA Section # * Plantation of resources out specified During In the Project Area, along the 5.6.6 (a) & (b) shrubs (Bougainvillea, roads, paths, Operation green areas and 5.6.7 Lagerstroemia double, compounds of the industrial units. Hibiscus and other species specified in Section #) and trees (Ash tree, Chinar, Aleppo pine and other .- - species specified in - --..... 7-18 mm - m - - m - m Afghanistan Investment Support Agency Mitigation Management Matrix for AISA= DC= Design Consultant Industrial Parks at Kamari SC= Supervisory Consultant CC = Civil Contractor IPDA=Industrial Parks Development Authority C-Operation Stage Reference to Action/Monitoring Timing Sr. # Impact Mitigation Measure Responsibility -_-_-_EIA report text Parameter/Monitoring Implementat Monitoring Auditing Method ion- Section #). * Proper planning of plantation schemes. Section # Local population (Labour) During Local Industrialists should use the local IPDA SC AISA VII 5.6.8 (a) must be preferred during Operation CommunitiesNVork skilled and un-skilled labor as the 5.6.9 (a) the operation stage. force migrant labor may create some social problems and this will be an added benefit to the community. During Local vendors will be provided with IPDA SC AISA Section # - Operation regular business by purchasing o 5.6.8 (a) goods and services from them. 5.6.9 (a) of During Project staff will be strictly warned IPDA SC AISA Section # Strict Monitoring Vill Gender Issues Industrial Estate Staff Operation not to involve in any un-ethical 5.6.8 (c) Activities (especially for activities and to obey the local 5.6.9 (c) should be norms and cultural restrictions outsiders) to done. particularly with reference - I women. 7-19 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 7.4 Planning For the Implementation of EMMP Planning is the most important stage for the implementation of EMMP. Good planning results the implementation of EMMP in most effective manner. Following are the major components of planning for the implementation of EMMP. 7.4.1 NOC and Other Approvals Obtaining No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the NEPA will not relieve the proponent from other legal obligations and hence Project Proponent and Project Contractors will obtain all other relevant clearances and-necessary approvals required by the WB prior to commencing the respective operations. 7.4.2 Clearance of Mines and Explosives At Kamar Industrial Park Site, there have been remained military activities in past, so, it is suggested that clearance certificate for mines and explosives should be obtained prior to the start of any construction activity at site 7.4.3 Contractual Provisions EMMP will finally become part of tender documents to ensure that the contractor will be legally bound for the execution and implementation of EMMP. 7.4.4 Coordination with Stakeholders AISA with the help of Supervisory Consultants (SC) will ensure that coordination with project stakeholders on environmental and social matters as required by the EMMP is maintained throughout the implementation period of the project. 7.4.4 Monitoring SC and AISA will ensure that Monitoring of the project activities is carried out according to the monitoring program as given in the EMMP. 7.4.5 Approvals Contractor(s) will be responsible for obtaining all relevant approvals from AISA through SC such as approvals for waste disposal, water source and other as specified in the, MMM. 7.4.6 Communication and Documentation AISA, Contractors and the SC will ensure that the communication and documentation requirements specified in the EMMP are fulfilled during the construction and operational stages of the project. 7.4.7 Site Restoration Plan The main areas to be considered for,site restoration indude the construction area, camp sites area, temporary tracks; -land used for vehicle and material stores, material excavation pits etc. These areas should be restored to its original condition with the maximum possible effort. The restoration work comprises the removal of temporary construction works and removal of any fence installed, leveling of areas (wherever required), etc. The following procedures will be adopted for the restoration of the site: * All temporary construction built for the site development will be removed. Site for construction camps should be restored to its previous conditions as much as possible. 7-20 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EiA Report • All the toxic and hazardous chemicals/materials will be completely removed from the site. Efforts will be made to completely remove the oils and chemical spills during the construction. * Any debris from construction activities should be removed properly from the site. * Ail fencing and gates will be removed and pits will be backfilled. * Whole site will be covered with the original soil and plantation will be done, wherever required. Contractor will prepare ? site restoration plan well before the completion of construction activities and submit to AISA through SC for approval. Finally, after the completion of the restoration process, AISA in consultation with NEPA and other community members will inspect the site and give restoration clearance to the Contractor. 7.4.10 Project EMMP Review Project EMMP reviews are a systematic checking mechanism to determine and record if EMMP activities have been undertaken as planned. The review will be conducted by the AISA top management with the help of Environmental Expert (expatriate Environmental Specialist will be hired by AISA) along with SC. A standard checklist will be used to record whether or not activities listed in the checklist have been conducted. Project environmental reviews are a useful tool for ensuring environmental management orocess is implemented as planned and for assessment of any updating of EMMP is required. These are proposed to be conducted during the construction and post construction phases of the project. 7.4.11 Review of Project Contracts Contract reviews are not part of EMMP, as they do not document evidence of compliance. The purpose of contract reviews is to: * Provide a systematic reminder to project managers of environmental obligations and requirements * Ensure the activities and requirements relevant to environmental management are being undertaken * Document regular review of activities in relation to environmental management * Assessment for need of any updating and inclusion or deletion of any new or old compliance requirements 7.5 Change Management Plan (CMP) The EIA and the EMMP have been developed at Master Plan and Preliminary Design Stage. However, it is possible that during detailed design, construction and operation additional mitigation measures based on the investigations, availability of detailed information and findings of environmental monitoring during the construction and operation may have to be included in the EMMP under the CMP. In such cases following actions will be taken: At detailed design stage changes required in EMMP shall be carried out by the Consultants on availability of the information during detailed design particularly for the following items: It is mentioned in preliminary design report that Grid Station have to be erected for the industrial estate will be well within the area possessed by the AISA, but 7-21 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK * EIA Report exact location of the grid station will be finalized at detailed design stage (refer chapter 3.0) . For the purification of the polluted water washed away from the Industrial Park, a retention pond will be designed during the detailed design and its location and size will be finalized at detailed design (refer chapter 3.0). * Landfill site for proper and safe disposal of solid waste will be identified by AISA before the disbursement process (refer to chapter 3.0 and 5.0>. * Quantification of construction material required at infrastructural development at detailed design stage. I - stage of the Project will be available * Quantification of bulk excavated material and location of disposal site will be available at detailed design stage. I * Issue of supply of water to industrial park is yet to be finalized by AISA (refer to chapter 6.0). * A meeting will be held between AISA, SC and the concemed Contractor and the proposed addition (if any) to the EMMP will be discussed and agreed upon by all parties at construction stage. Similarly, based on the monitoring results, any change required in the EMMP will be carried out by the SC in consultabon with | AISA. Review of EMMP may also be required at Construction of Industrial Units and Operation of Industrial Park particularly in the light of following studies: I o Eco-Efficiency Study and Cleaner Development Plan which will be carried out at early in the implementation phase once the facility's participants will be known. This study will be carried out by an individual consultant at an I approximate cost of US$ 20,000/=. o Preparation of detailed EMS as per ISO 14000 for Industrial Park by hiring of E-S by AISA based on the generic guidelines provided in EMMP. I 0 At later stage, preparation of EMS for each Industrial Unit. o At later stage, preparation of Hazardous Waste Management Plan for each Industrial Unit. o Updation of the Hazardous Waste Management framework based on the periodic review by NEPA to enable the AISA to develop and incorporate an appropriate strategy to the Waste Management Plan. o In addition, any unforeseen conditions arise at operation stage, or change 3 in characterization of the effluents, changes may be carried out in EMMP by the AISA. * A change report will be prepared collectively by the AISA and concerned agency I (i.e. at design stage EA Consultants, at construction stage, SC and at operation stage ES and Manager), which will include the additional EMMP clause, need for the change, potential impacts and their remedial measures. The report will be submitted to the NEPA for final approval. All relevant project personnel will be provided approved information of the change and proper record of changed documents will be maintained as mentioned in Section 7.8.8 under | Documentation Control. 7.6 Environmental Management System (EMS) An EMS is simply the organizational structure, responsibilities, processes, practices, procedures and resources for developing and implementing environmental policy. An EMS allows an organization to address environmental issues in a more cost-effective 7-22 l / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park AISA EIA Report shows and planned manner, and to give priority to prevention as well as remediation and commitment to continual improvement and compliance with regulatory requirements. A detailed EMS will be developed by the AISA at later stage through Environmental being hired by the AISA. Similarly, EMS for each industrial unit will be Specialist help to prepared by investors. However, a generic EMS have been developed which will as guideline during preparation of detailed EMS for industrial park. For the AISA 14001 development of EMS International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards series which provide a form of "quality assurance" of environmental management performance is recommended. The final EMS to be prepared by the AISA will cover the following items: i). Environmental Review environmental review provides management the information on which a coherent The in response is based. A large number of environmental aspects needs to be considered a review as provided in chapter 5 and MMM. ii). Environmental Policy the An environmental policy gives the overall sense of direction for action by and organization. Such a policy ensures that subsequent actions are coordinated effective. iii). Legal and Other Requirements and EMS will ensure the compliance of all -applicable national environmental laws to be regulations. It is important to develop an inventory of environmental regulations available, as well as a mechanism for regularly updating the inventory. iv). Environmental Objectives and Targets Once the environmental impacts have been identified and a policy has been adopted, objectives and targets for environmental action are established. The EMS also requires monitoring process to be in place to check progress. v). Environmental Performance Indicators There should be a set of measurable indicators of progress in satisfying the objectives and the policy, for example percent reduction in solid waste, percent reduction in effluent air treated, reduction in number of complaints from residents of local communities about reduction in water extracted from aquifer or percent increase in water re-used, quality, be reduction in number of environmental accidents, etc. Performance indicators should measurable and achievable. vi). Implementation and Operation The environmental management program defines the actions that ensure that the policy and objectives are achieved. For example, there may be actions to encourage water re- as use such as incentives for water conservation technology, and a training element well. vii). Emergency Preparedness and Response The emergency plan should describe the response organization and responsibilities of all parties, details of emergency services, communication plans within and outside the estate and training programs. 7-23 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EiA Report viii). Monitoring and Measurement be a means of An EMS should include the monitoring and evaluation criteria. There must and targets to assure measuring and monitoring performance against the park objectives the policy is being implemented. Monitoring results will determine management that corrective success and failure, thereby identifying those activities requiring areas of be an integral part of an action. Ongoing environmental monitoring and auditing should implementation program. ix). Environmental Structure and Responsibility park management and It will include the assigning of responsibilities to industrial standards and objectives lies investors. Overall responsibility for meeting environmental of the program may be with management of AISA. The day to day implementation assigned to the manager. x). Awareness and Training the of objectives and program must be assigned to personnel with While implementation should be technical and operational knowledge, employees at all levels necessary to protect or within the scope of their responsibilities, to take action accountable, knowledge of the the environment. To enhance the technical and operational enhance should be evolved. employees, a comprehensive awareness and training program xi). Communication is a great need to develop Given the number of stakeholders involved in an EMS, there informed of progress with a good communication system. All parties need to be kept implementation of the EMS. xii). Documentation to check of the system need to be documented to allow managers Key components tenants and perhaps progress and communicate results with stakeholders, especially with banks and insurance companies. xiii). Audit Periodic audits should be carried out by internal or extemal personnel. xiv). Corrective and Preventive Action of the system conclusions and recommendations resulting from monitoring The findings, be described. be documented and the corrective and preventative actions should should back to management. Responsibility for follow-up should be assigned, as should report xv). Management Review with the intent of The final stage in the EMS process is review by management review should cover the continually improving and tightening the system. The targets and performance, findings of the audit, and an environmental objectives, legislation, of the stated environmental policy in light of changing attitudes, evaluation and communication and technology, lessons learned from accidents, market preferences from interested parties. 7-24 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 7.7 Hazardous Waste Management Hazardous waste may be of chemicals in liquid, solid and gaseous state. The type of industries planned in the industrial park will produce hazardous waste such as toxic metals, chemicals, plastic material, batteries, aluminum, steel, oil, grease etc. the industries will not produce waste like radioactive, pesticides etc., which are very dangerous and requires great care in handling, storage and transportation. However, the waste from the proposed project shall in any case be properly treated, stored, recycled (if possible) and disposed off through appropriate technical measures. Treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous waste should follow strict requirements. It is proposed that AISA should hire a specialist and prepare the requirements of all aspects of hazardous waste management as stipulated above. However, a generic waste management plan is depicted in the following matrix. Further, EMC of each industry will prepare its own plan in the light of this Hazardous waste management plan in collaboration with AISA. It is recommended that a basic framework needs to be developed that contains the inventory system for hazardous wastes, which should be verified and updated periodically by NEPA to enable the govemment to develop and incorporate an appropriate strategy to the waste management plan. Treatment Treatment covers the issues related with solid waste, waste water, and the identification of hazards, spill of hazardous chemicals, gaseous wastes and hospital wastes. Recommendations has been provided in the following matrix in Table 7.2- Record Keeping To keep track of hazardous waste activities, AISA must keep certain records and submit reports to NEPA at biannually intervals. Storage AISA will make sure that each industrial unit will take effective measures to properly store the hazardous waste. The storage units may be containers, tanks, drip pads and containment buildings. Disposal AISA will provide an engineered sanitary landfill to the industrial parks that would be able to contain the hazardous waste without damaging the environment especially the groundwater. 7-25 m- - m ------m Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Table 7-2: Hazardous Waste Management Matrix Sr._# Issue- - Hazard - Recommendations Wastewater Hazardous liquid waste generated by different * The treatment methodology recommended industries will include organic waste frorn cooking oil is "end of pipe treatment method". The industry, organic matter and suspended solids, hair, method used for liquid waste treatment will dirt, manure, hide curing solutions, tallow and be activated sludge system or oxidation grease, meal products and caustics or alkaline ponds and provision in system will be made detergents, human waste water from toilets and to treat the waste water upto the level that it washing, liquid effluent consisting of biodegradable can be used for irrigation of green areas organic matter from juice industry. Following within the industrial state. hazards may occur due to the waste water * Each industrial unit will involve different generated from different industries; industrial processes and will generate a 1. Wastewater may be a source of breeding fo variety of hazardous chemical wastes. Best different disease vectors, which ultimately possible effort will be made to reuse and cause health hazards to near by areas.(e.g. recycle these wastes hepatitis, malaria) The influent to the treatment plant should not contain any heavy toxic metal, instead, 2. Wastewater may contaminate surface wate point source control technique should be source which may be used for the irrigation adopted. and drinking purposes by the locals. 3. Also wastewater may disturb the aquatic ecosystem by depleting DO in the wate source. 4. The wastewater entering in surface wate source may cause peril to any endangered aquatic specie. 5. Indiscriminate dumping of waste water wil contaminate the soil causing change in its chemical composition. Chemicals present i the- waste water will interact with soi .ingredients like -_sulphates, chlorides anc 7-26 m m - - --- m mr - m - - - Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Recommendations Sr.# Issue Hazard organic matter etc. present in the soi ultimately changing their properties anc making it a hazard for life stock grazing anc the inhabitants of the area. management/disposal following 2. Solid Waste Estimated solid waste amount from all categories of For the solid waste industries in Kamari will be about 6.5 to 10 tons/day. procedures are mentioned in EIA report; The amount generated in each industry depends * The solid waste should be segregated a upon their raw material usage and type of process point source and only organic waste bot involve in the industry. Solid waste from different from industrial and commercial activities will industries include aluminum chips, saw dust, bottles, cans, rags, metal sheets, metal scrap, stones/pits, be disposed off. Two bin type system will b fibrous materials and carpet threads, cuttings of provided at each industrial unit, one for leather materials and other materials like packing organic and other for inorganic. The organi materials, plastic materials. waste should be recycled or reused a Following hazards will be caused by the solid waste; source reduction programme. . .hn . For final disposal sanitary landfill is the bes 1. Health hazard to the working In the Industry,.pint eaotd oee,i re 2. Nuisance and odor problems. option to be adopted. However, in order t 3. Explosions (in case of the explosive solic avoid hazards to the ground water an waste which include dangerous chemical surface water geomembrane, vertical wall, also). leachet collection system should be adopted. 4. In case of, disposal as landfill leachatE problem which might contaminate any grounc water source. 5. Aesthetic problems (due to littering of solic waste). 6. Open dumping of the solid waste will caus bad adores and creating health hazard to th -- _ _ workers of industry and inhabitants of the 7-27 m m m m m - - m- m m - AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report Hazard Recommendations Sr.# Issue area. 7. Solid waste especially empty chemical drums in open yards may cause occupation health and safety hazard. can be controlled due to operation of * The gaseous emissions 3. Gaseous waste Air emissions generated by use of low sulphur fuel, generally consist of NOx, Sox, CO, and reduced industries will burners and proper combustion bad odors, solid particulate matter efficient hydrocarbons, control. becoming air-borne. * Controlled atmosphere grinding, storage packing can reduce the air pollution. hazards are liKely to be caused by the air and Following * Air scrubbers can be utilized to control the emissions: the causing gaseous emissions as well as 1. Degradation of ambient air quality cyclones and and health of the particulate matter whereas; damage to environment precipitators can efficiently trap workers and nearby communities.. electrostatic industrial the particulate matter. 2. A cumulative effect of NOx and Sox can be interpreted as acid rains at regional and cross-international boundaries. 3. Any accidental leakage of hazardous and hot industrial gases may lead to damage and even fatality of the workers nearby. stored petrol, * Materials should be handled and of hazardous 1. Chemicals such as oil, diesel, data safety 4. Spills acid and alkaline according to their material chemicals detergents, caustic soda, paints etc. will be sheets MSDS. solutions, varnishes, and types of industrial processes and * Sufficient quantities stored for different spill control materials like of such chemicals will cause appropriate any spillage splash goggles, gloves, shoe serious health hazards to the workers and chemical covers, tyvek suits, spill pillows, spill sock, residential areas of the industrial park. The DOT pails, acid neutralizer, caustic spillage will also contaminate ground/surface neutralizer, solvent neutralizer etc.should be water and soils. available at suitable locations for spill 2. Spillage of flammable chemicals like oil, prove catastrophic anticipation. . diesel, petrol etc. may 7-28 - m- -m mm mm -m m---- - Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report Sr. # Issue Hazard Recommendations and this could be expected by using match * A spill control plan should be developed boxes, lighters and any other flame. that should include: o Names and telephone nos. of individuals to be contacted in the event of a spill. o Evacuation plans for the room or building, as appropriate o Instructions for containing the spilled material, including potential releases to the environment (e.g. protect floor drains) o Inventory of spill control materials and personal protective equipment. o Means for proper disposal of cleanup materials (in most cases as hazardous waste) including contaminated tools and clothing. o Decontamination of the area following the cleanup. * Spill response plan should be discussed with all the employees. * Fist aid facility should be available to cater for any emergency situation raised due to spill of toxic chemical. 5. Hospital Waste Hospital hazardous waste will include srings, bones, * It is highly recommended that hospital shall organs, clinical used complex chemicals, blood, have its own independent incinerator, which used medicines etc. this waste will become a great is the only feasible option to burn this waste health hazard to the hospital workers, residents of and is practiced internationally. However, industrial park and nearby communities. ashes produced during the incineration process will need to be properly disposed -- ___ _off. 7-29 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 7.8 Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Procedures Although HSE procedures have been discussed in different sections of EMMP for industrial Park, but detailed HSE procedures will be developed by the Environment Specialist to be hired by the AISA. Similarly, HSE procedures for individual industries will be developed by each industry and will be approved from AISA/NEPA. These procedures will provide management with the necessary guidelines for both environmental protection and the protection of the worker's health and safety. Beside detailed procedures and development of HSE implementation program, awareness will be provided to the workers outlining the importance of HSE. Following are some of the major areas of HSE requiring development of proper procedures: * Health and Safety Procedures * Administration and Organization * First Aid and Medical Services * Fire Fighting and Prevention * Safety Offices * Safety tagging and Lock out * Use of Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE's) * Handling, Storage and disposal of Fuels and other Hazardous materials * Site Aesthetics and Restoration * Oil Handling Plan * Emergency Response Plan (ERP) I. * Gas Emergency Plan etc. 7.9 Waste Management Plan Industry is sustained by the extraction and processing of natural resources as raw materials. These raw materials find their way into the environment in different forms as finished products and waste products. Natural resources are fragile and need to be managed rationally so that, in meeting the needs of the present generations, the welfare of future generations is not compromised. The construction and operation of industrial estate will generate substantial quantities of waste as described in detail in Chapter 5. The wastewater pollution load expected to be generated by the industrial clusters as estimated in Chapter 5 is summarized as below: Sr Paramete Industrial Cluster No r Food Light Carpet Leather Comm Public Processin Engineerin Weavin Garment -ercial Utilities a a a s Areas 1. BOD - (Kg/Day) 351 200 114 86 9 18 (KG/Day) 468 300 170 129 13 27 3. Suspende - d Solids 468 175 99 76 7 16 7-30 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Similarly the expected solid waste generation based on 1.0 kg/person/day shall be about 6.5 to 10 tons/day. It is necessary to prepare a waste management plan for minimization/treatment/recycling and safe disposal of the waste. The guidelines have been prepared to provide industrial park and each industry with some guidance on the preparation of their waste management plan (WVMP). These guidelines are meant to facilitate the adoption of a basic waste management plans. To attain this for the proposed industrial units in Industrial Park it is best to begin with the preparation of a WMP. The important elements of this will be discussed briefly. In the beginning for the ease in operation the General Guidelines a less stringent set of standards and role definitions for waste handling should be followed: The approach to develop industrial waste management could be described as a process that must be carried out in following steps: * Collection of information on industrial waste in each industrial cluster. * Prescribe methods on how to collect, transport, treat and dispose the waste WMP, which should cover all industrial waste generators in the industrial park and provide each industry and industrial park management with a method on how to handle information on generated industrial waste. * WMP is a kind of agreement between industrial park management and waste generators on how to arrange disposal of waste and agree on roles .with some degree of upper hand for the authority. * Both long and short-term environmental aspects should be considered. Different type of waste will demand different treatment and disposal routines. * Create a system on how to handle certain types of toxic and hazardous waste. Waste Generators should develop and implement Waste Minimization techniques. The aim is to cut down quantities of waste before disposal. The following steps are necessary to affect this: i). Waste Minimization and Promotion of Recycling and Reuse AISA and NEPA at this stage of the project should plan for the promotion of waste minimization, cleaner production and eco-efficient techniques among the industrial units to be installed in the industrial park. In order to decrease the end of pipe treatment practice, AISA will ensure industrial units to ensure the provision in their framework for the inclusion of some of these waste minimization techniques as given below. Based on the type and size of industry some of these techniques as given below which should be enforced by AISA during the operational stage of industrial park: Source reduction will: Change the composition of the product to reduce the amount of waste resulting from the products use. * Reduce or eliminate hazardous materials that enter the production process. . Use technology (including measuring and cutting) to make changes to the production process; equipment, layout or piping; or operating conditions. * Purchase what you need to avoid waste from unwanted materials. Component separation / segregation will: Separate the waste at source for each type of handling 7-31 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report * Reduce cost to be incurred for component separation after collection. Recycling techniques will: * Retum waste material to original process. * Use the waste material as a raw material substitute for another process. * Process waste material for resource recovery. * Process waste material as a by-product. * Investigate contractors to recycle waste material. Resource recovery will: * Resource recovery will separate the items to be recovered for the recovery of resources such as raw material, pieces of glass, metal pieces etc. * It will generate revenue for the producer of the waste as this will provide sale opportunity of resources recovered from the waste. Cleaner production will: * Reduce use of energy, water and other natural resources * Improves operational efficiency and reduces production cost Reduces cost associated with managing waste and materiallosses * Reduces environmental liability and the risk of non-compliance Good house keeping will: * Minimize the material losses * Prevent unnecessary hazardous waste generation Location of Industries * During operation stage of the project when the design, process and capacity of the industrial units will be known. It should be ensured that industry generating similar types of waste should be placed near to each other. It will be benefited in tems of cost incurred for the collection of waste, loading and unloading of raw materials etc. These should be implemented by provided awareness of financial as well as other benefits among the potential investors at Industrial Park, providing introductory trainings for waste minimization, cleaner production and eco-efficiency to the investors or concemed staff of the industrial units to be setup at industrial park. These trainings will create knowledge and capacity required by investors and industries in adopting Cleaner Production and Eco-efficiency techniques. A feasibility study for the introduction of Cleaner Production and Eco-efficiency study has already been suggested. This study will identify the measures required to be adopted for I the implementation of Cleaner Production and Eco-efficiency techniques considering the current circumstance of the country. ii). Treatment Treatment by converting hazardous waste to less hazardous or reducing its volume (not by dilution) should always be considered before final disposal. Treatment could be divided into 3 groups: 7-32 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report i. Physical treatment ii. Chemical Treatment iii. Biological Treatment For details see Section 7.5.1 and Hazardous Waste Management Matrix. iii). Final Disposal Usually waste (municipal, industrial, inert waste, etc.) ends up in the sanitary landfill. Hazardous waste should be disposed under special conditions, separated from other landfill activities. Other toxic waste is not recommended to be deposited in landfills and needs highly specialized treatment and disposal. iv). Industrial Park Management The industrial park management has an overall responsibility for all waste handling within the boundaries of the industrial park. It is therefore, necessary for the management to have knowledge on what kinds of waste are generated, transported (or temporarily stored in the premises of the industry) and delivered to the disposal site. The authorities could also issue regulations or directives on how waste should be stored, transported and disposed. Waste generating industrial units have to follow these regulations and directives. The WMP, as an instrument assisting both sides, could be put in the following I manner: Identification of potential major waste generating industries. Information about the objectives of WMP. Ask the companies to come up with a WMP. Analyze all WMPs. o Approve all companies. WHPs where producing inert waste, i.e. No environmental or health problems. o Take a careful look at the others. o If necessary, submit them to experts and other authorities for their opinion. Q If necessary, suggest changes in WHPs. o When there is an agreement between industrial park management and waste generating industries, approve the plan. * Evaluate the industrial waste situation in the industrial park. o Identify where problem-waste is generated and disposed. o Complete a statistical record on the waste situation. * Use the WMPs to produce a waste disposal strategy for the industrial park. o Identify disposal needs, suitable sites for disposal, etc. * Management of industrial park should carry out a proper disposal management system where health and environmental aspects of the disposal are considered. * Individual industrial plans should usually state the quantities produced, their time plan and method of decreasing this quantity to a pre-agreed level over a specific time frame (a kind of self-management/control), say 2 years. The second run would suggest stricter levels of waste generation, if the quantities produced were still large. This would continue until there is no waste load or only a minimum thereof exists. 7-33 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Repo,rt v). Industrial Units management The basic idea here is to help each industrial unit to create proper waste an administrative routine between industries and industrial park and to create the on how to handle industrial waste. The WMP is there to regulate management and of the waste generation organization according to environmental undertaking industry and demands of the local government. WMP is there to support both other the issue should be Industrial management by providing a format for agreement on how handled. waste generating The responsibility of the establishment of the WMP lies on the industry. The process has six steps: * Waste Identification * Waste Classification * Suggest Treatment and Disposal Routines for the Waste. * Compiling a Waste Handling Plan unit about * Agreement between industrial park management and each industrial proposed WMP (when the official partner is the National Environmental the is more Authority this is known as the Environmental Management Plan which and strict in temporal progress and achievement results and comprehensive as well). may apply to several types of waste, solid, liquid, etc. and processes * Renewal of WMP. 7.10 Environment Management Cell of Industrial Units section 7.5.3 each industry will develop its own HSE procedure and will As mentioned in the by AISA/NEPA. These procedures will provide management with be approved of the guidelines for both environmental protection and the protection necessary issues are health and safety. In the same section major areas related to HSE worker's unit, it is proposed identified. In order to implement these HSE issues at each industrial that each industry should have their Environment Management Cell (EMC). in will be headed by an Environmental Manager (EM) having qualification The EMC monitoring in Environmental or Sanitary Engineering. An environmental Master's be as follows: inspector will work under the EM. The main responsibilities of EM shall * To coordinate all HSE issues with the AISA and NEPA friendly and in * To ensure that all activities and set up of industry is environment accordance with their own EMS and EMS of the estate. * To provide HSE training to industry staff. from the * To be responsible for getting all environments related permits concerned government authorities. water and To supervise environmental monitoring in the areas such as air, noise, waste. * To conduct fire fighting drills. makes necessary * To check how hazardous waste material is being handled and arrangements to tackle any hazard event. and other staff * To plan and implement routine medical checkups of the workers of the industrial unit. * To prepare environmental review reports. 7-34 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 7.11 Contingency and Emergency Plan release of Emergency means an accidental situation involving the release or imminent or other substances that could result in serious adverse effects on the dangerous goods of and/or safety of persons or the environment. An emergency may be the result health reactions, man-caused or natural occurrences such as, process upsets, uncontrolled spills of hazardous materials, fires, explosions, accidents, floods, etc. Response (Contingency) Plan means a detailed program of action to control Emergency beyond and/or minimize the effects of emergency requiring prompt corrective measures normal procedures to protect human life. will be the Although to prepare the contingency/emergency plan for industries level, a responsibility of each industrial unit, but at industrial estate contingency/emergency plan will be required. apply to all The Guidelines for emergency plan, in case of spills, accidents and fires, health, the types of installations that pose the risk of an accident with impacts on environment, or property. General Principles waming alert systems should be in place to warn the potentially Emergency of an affected public when an accident occurs, or there is an imminent threat accident. Suitable The system chosen should be effective and provide timely warnings. * sirens, warning systems could include one or a combination of, for example, automatic telephone messages, and mobile public address systems. affected public should be notified of the systems which will be . The potentially be to warn them in the event of an emergency, and the systems should used and tested in advance so that their significance is fully understood by the public * the public know how to respond appropriately in an emergency. the parties * Emergency plans, in identifying the roles and responsibilities of all concerned, should clearly indicate the chain of command and co-ordination the among the parties, the lines of communication and the means of obtaining necessary equipment, resources and information (e.g., technical, meteorological and medical information). plan should identify an emergency co-ordinating officer (on-scene co- * The the ordinator) with the necessary authority to mobilise and co-ordinate emergency services. warning alert systems should be in place to warn the potentially Emergency an affected public when an accident occurs, or there is an imminent threat of accident. the systems which will be * potentially affected public should be notified of The be to wam them in the event of an emergency, and the systems should used and tested in advance so that their significance is fully understood by the public the public know how to respond appropriately in an emergency. into objective of emergency planning activities/programs should be to put * The that place the arrangements needed to localise any accidents (hazard situation) may occur and, if possible, contain them and thereby minimise their harmful effects on health, the environment, and property. 7-35 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report On-site and off-site emergency plans should be prepared, that include details of appropriate technical and organisational procedures. * Other risks, such as the risks of transport accidents involving hazardous substances and natural disasters, should be taken into consideration in emergency planning for hazardous installations. Emergency Response * Systems should be in place to immediately alert response personnel in the event of an accidents, or an imminent threat of an accident, which would require their. - involvement. . The parties responsible for emergency response should be involved in the planning process. Following the response, the emergency plan should be reviewed and revised, as appropriate, in light of the experience gained. * Information on the quantity and nature of the hazardous substance(s) involved in the accident including, for example: physico-chemical properties; possible transformation of degradation products of the substance(s), such as when in contact with water or through pyrolysis; toxicological and eco-toxicological, properties; clinical effects, including acute, delayed and long-term effects; and risk assessments. * Guidance concerning the levels of acute exposure to various hazardous substances, likely adverse effects, and methods for protecting against such effects. * Information on the expected number and types of patients, the nature of their injuries and the severity of exposure. I Information on first aid and medical treatment; the nature of the information should be appropriate for the target audience including, for example, the general practitioner, and the a Means of transporting victims (ambulances). * How and when to contact essential services, including central authorities, local authorities, and police, fire and other rescue services. * Who has the local co-ordinating role in an emergency and the criteria that determine the transfer of command-and-control to a higher authority. 7.12 Institutional Arrangements for Implementation of EMMP The proposed Industrial Park Project will be administrated by Afghanistan Investment Support Agency (AtSA) through Industrial Parks Development Authority (IPDA). Afghanistan Investment Support Agency (AISA) was established in September 2003 in accordance with a directive issued by the Govemment of Afghanistan as a "One Stop Shop for Investors'. AISA is responsible for registration, licensing and promotion of all new investments in Afghanistan. The AISA's federal headquarter is based in Kabul, and is responsible for managing the project at the policy level. There are other five regional offices in Mazari Shrif, Heart, Kandhar, Khost and Nagerhar. 7.12.1 Organizational Structure of AISA AISA started working as an agency that provided licenses to companies wishing to invest in Afghanistan. AISA has completed a strategic plan that repositions the agency as a pro-active institution in promoting and absorbing investment in Afghanistan. To meet the objective of investment promotion AISA has been structured into five departments as follows: 7-36 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report i). Licensing and Legal Support Department This department processes investment licenses and facilitates the necessary permits on behalf of investors and vis a vis other relevant Afghan government agencies. ii). Investment Promotion Department This department organizes domestic and foreign conferences and exhibitions to promote investment and provides opportunities for 'mMtchmaking' between companies and investors to proactively assist investors through the investment process. iii). Research and Analysis Department This department serves to analyze private sector development issues, develop private sector strategies, complete sector-specific studies on business and investment opportunities, and engage in hands-on sector policy advocacy before the new Parliament and Afghan government agencies. iv). Media and Public Relations Department This department conducts media and information campaigns to promote investment initiatives, as well as provide information on govemment policies and regulations to promote a transparent investment environment. v). Industrial Parks Development Authority (IPDA) The development of Industrial Parks is a very high priority given that the greatest constraints currently identified by investors are access to land and electricity. IPDA is responsible for the development as well as management of new and modern industrial parks. Planning, marketing, sales and lease, operation and maintenance of industrial parks is the sole responsibility of IPDA. To fulfill its responsibilities, IPDA has divided into following six sections: i).Planning Section ii).Marketing Section iii). Properties Section iv).Administrational Section v).Finance Section vi).Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of Park Section The main responsibilities of these sections are as under: i).Planning Section a). Coordinating industrial park development procedures. b). Developing documents and gathering information relating to other government agencies. c). Evaluating applications submitted by the investors and categorizing. d). Assisting in resolving technical and budgetary problems. e). Supervising industrial park development under construction. f). Evaluating technical and financial proposal for design and construction of industrial park infrastructures. g). Developing short term and long term development planning for industrial park. 7-37 Kamari Industrial Park AISA i NESPAK EIA Report ii). Marketing Section a). Conducting media campaign for investors demand for land. b). Designing lot size and number based on demand. c>. Developing a database and updating the database to provide information on manufacturing and job creation. d). Developing marketing tools such as brochures and media commercials. e). Coordinating with other government agencies in sharing information to facilitate investment. f). Providing information for the investors relating to industrial park development. iii). Properties Section a). Preparing and organizing land distribution documents. b). Creating files for each lot. c). Issuing Certificate of Ownership to investors after signature by High Commission for Investment (HCI). d). Registering all documents related to land distribution. e). Filing land acquisition documents. f). Providing any document for issuing title (Qabala) to investors by the Courts. iv). Administrational Section a). Issuing application forms to the investors. b). Answering investors' questions regarding the application process. c). Receiving completed application forms from the investors. d). Completing investors lists for each IP. e). Coordinating marketing advertisements with local media. f). Preparing correspondences and processing HCI approvals. g). Processing employee time sheets. h). Transpoitation and other office logistics. v). Finance Section a). Supervising financial activities in accordance with laws. b). Payroll processing. c). Processing money for office equipment and facilities purchasing. d). Managing cash for office needs. e). Processing land sales deposit by the investors. (f. Preparing monthly financial reports. vi). Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of Park Section a). Organizing industrial park (IP) operation and maintenance. b). Selecting and contracting industrial park O&M with private contractor. c). Assessing User Fee. d). Assessing power cost to the investors. e). Preparing monthly report for industrial park condition. 7-38 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report f). Preparing fuel consumption for the generators. g). Supervising industrial park O&M contractor's activities. h). Checking environmental compliance by the investors and report to IPDA. The AISA's federal headquarter is based in Kabul, and is responsible for managing the project at the policy level. At the highest level, Director Industrial Park Development Authority will be responsible for day-to-day management of Project Planning, Development and O&M activities. He will report directly to the President/Chief Executive Officer (CEO) AISA. The Director IPDA will be assisted by Deputy Directors planning, marketing, properties, administration, finance and O&M, who will have overall responsibility for their respective sections. The Deputy Directors will be supported by Assistant Directors who will further be assisted by other necessary staff. 7.12.2 Institutional Setup for Implementation of EMMP The proposed organizational setup for the implementation of the project during planning, design, infrastructural development, construction of industrial units and operation & maintenance stages is shown in Figure 7.1. The planning, design, development of industrial park and construction of industrial units is the core responsibilities of the planning section at headquarter through the design and Supervisory Consultants and Contractor. Operation and maintenance of the project is the sole responsibilities of O&M Park Section at headquarter. To enhance the environmental management and monitoring capacity of above planning and O&M sections, Environment and Social Protection Officer (ESPO) has been inducted. Figure 7.2 depicts the proposed institutional setup for EMP at Headquarters. Supervisory Consultants will be responsible for implementation and monitoring of the EMMP, while AISA/IPDA will be responsible for internal monitoring and coordination with NEPA. The specific responsibilities during implementation and operation and maintenance stages of IPDA staff are described below, while Supervisory Consultants and National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) are described in subsequent. paragraphs. A. Design, Infrastructure Development and Industrial Units Construction Stage To supervise engineering related aspects during design and infrastructure development of industrial park and construction of industrial units is the core responsibility of planning section of IPDA. However, to implement EMMP during design and development of industrial park and construction of industrial units, environmental staff will be inducted in this section. The'-major role and responsibilities of planning section through environmental ESPO at headquarter during design,' development and construction stage related to environmental mitigation and monitoring are as under: * To make site visits to observe the pollution of land and water resources to check the compliance of mitigation measures have been adopted in accordance with MMM. . Possibility of a surprise archaeological find in the area and report to IPDA headquarter. 7-39 Figure 7.1 ORGANIZATIONAL SETUP FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AFGHAN INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY (AISA) INDUSTRIAL PARKS DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT (IPDD) I ~NA-TIC~ AGE NCY (NEPA CONTRACTOR DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION Figure 7.2 SUGGESTED SETUP OF AISA FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP AT HEADQUARTERS AFGHAN INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY (AISA) IN INDUSTRIAL PARKS DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT (IPDD) SUPERVISORY BOARD CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER IPDD U CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER IPDDh DEPUTY CHIEF EXECUTIVE LEGAL OFFICERS OFFICER AND PROVINCIAL COORDINATOR I ~FIANCE & ADMINISTRATION _j ENVIRONMENTAL EPTIT AND SOCIAL EPTIT PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL OFFICER (ESPO) SPECIALIST (ES) Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Identifying major issues of conflict between community, local government and Contractor during the implementation of Project activities. * To ensure contactor camp site facilities operating as per EMMP provisions. To ensure the project's compliance with environmental regulations and donor requirements; and stakeholder participation in the-project design. * To ensure that the terms of reference for Supervisory Consultants adequately cover environmental issues. * Acquiring approval for environmental mitigation and monitoring budgets. * Setting up systems for environmental management. * Ensuring that the Contractors develop and carry out environmental implementation plans that are consistent with the EMMP. * Coordination with regulatory agencies including NEPA and local NGOs that could assist IPDA in independent reviews of the environmental compliance. * Assistance in EIA approval from the NEPA. * Supervising and providing technical guidance to the project monitoring staff at regional office to help ensure compliance with the EMMP. 7.12.3 Supervisory Consultants A Supervisory Consultant appointed by AISA/IPDA will be designated as an "Engineer' and will be responsible for environmental Monitoring of the Project Activities. The Consultant will be responsible for: * Supervising the Project's Contractor(s) activities and ensuring that all contractual obligations related to design and construction, as well as environmental and social compliance are met. * Ensuring that day-to-day construction activities are carried out in an environmentally sound and sustainable manner. * Monitoring of the environmental aspects of projects during construction to ensure that the environmental requirements of the contract and the mitigation measures proposed in the EMMP are implemented. * Developing guidelines and a code of good practice describing low-cost environmental measures that can be implemented during construction and maintenance programs. * Developing and conducting environmental training activities for Contractors and the Supervision Consultant staff. * Ensure that asphalt plants, construction camps and other facilities are properly sited and installed in accordance with the contract. * Identification of the exact locations and timing of baseline and routine air, noise and water quality monitoring in accordance with the contract provisions. * Undertake critically important routine visual monitoring of construction, waste disposal and overall environmental management practices by the 7-40 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Contractor(s). Effective environmental management during construction will require frequent site visits and observation skills. . Devise solutions to environmental issues as they arise. * Assisting the ESPO and EO in coordinating with the NEPA, Provincial Environmental Protection Directorate, provincial agriculture and canal departments, district administration, NGOs and other public/private sector organizations. 7.12.4 Project Contractor For the proposed project, AISA will appoint Contractors for the construction and other project activities. The Contractors will be responsible for the physical execution/implementation of EMMP, or adherence of all the provisions of the EIA and EMMP and with any environmental and other code of conduct required by NEPA. Overall responsibility for the Contractores environmental performance will rest with the SC and IPDA/AISA. B. Operation and Maintenance Stage O&M of industrial park (IP) is the sole responsibility of Operation and Maintenance Section of IPDA. However, to ensure the compliance of EMMP at 0 & M stage is the responsibility of ESPO are described below: ESPO at Head Office The ESPO at Head Office will be responsible to supervise all environmental management and monitoring activities during operation and maintenance stage of industrial parks (IPs). He will coordinate with the staff to monitor environmental compliance during the operation and maintenance of IPs. Similarly, he will plan for sustaining a working partnership among IPDA, NEPA, provincial agriculture and canal departments, district administration, NGOs and other related public/private sector organizations. Industrial Park Manager As mention above, once the IP will be fully established and will come into operation, the investors will establish their Investors' Association (IA) and IP management contract will be transferred by IPDA to the Association. The association will appoint any private firm(s) for O&M of the IP designated as 'Manager". Along with environmental management, monitoring and compliance to the EMMP, the other main responsibilities of the Manager will include: * Regular inspections of the IP and compilation of a detailed inspection report. * Appoint and procure an entity on contract to perform such services as may be required by the IA subject to the prior approval of IPDA. * Employ and properly supervise the maintenance, cleaning and security staff employed at the IP, detailed schedules of staff duties shall be maintained. * Drawing up of a maintenance and security plan for IP within a reasonable period after commencement in detail, for the immediate future year, and in broad terms for the succeeding two years. Such maintenance and security plans will include anticipated action programs and projected cost schedules. The IA and IPDA shall receive copies of the plans. 7-41 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report * Submit a written quarterly report to the IA on the status of the maintenance of IP, a copy of the report will be provided to the IPDA Headquarter and Regional Office. * Undertake a quarterly inspection of the IP with the IA's representative and a representative from IPDA. * Proper management of liquid and solid wastes as described in EMMP. * Operation and maintenance of waste water treatment plant as required by EMMP. * Employ the required staff to deal with environment, health-and safety issues. * The Manger will use its best endeavors to ensure due compliance with all statutory provisions, rules and regulations, relating to the IP, environment and the administration thereof, and without limiting the generality of the a foregoing, all provisions of the laws of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, including any amendments from time to time. 7.12.5 Role of Other Functionaries A. Role of National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) The National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) is a regulatory authority and mainly responsible to develop and implement national environmental policies and strategies in order to integrate environmental issues and sustainable development approaches into the legal and regulatory frameworks. NEPA is also responsible to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the environmental legislations and regulations to improve the sustainability of the use and management of natural resources and the effectiveness of measures for conservation and rehabilitation of the environment. Similarly, Afghanistan Environmental Protection Act, empowers the NEPA to take legal action against the non-compliance of environmental legislations and regulations and penalties may be imposed from cancellation of license to six months imprisonment, or payment of a cash fine equivalent to the damage caused or even both. As NEPA is a regulatory authority and its main function is to develop and implement the national environmental policies, so its working in the proposed IP Project will be as an independent monitoring agency. NEPA will inspect the Project at its own convenience or on receipt of compliant from any person or NGO about non-compliance of any environmental legislation or its part. NEPA will also act as external auditor. B. District Administration The proposed industrial park site is located under the jurisdiction of Bagrami District of Kabul Province. Although Afghan Environmental Act empowers the District Administration to monitor the Project activities to ensure the implementation of local regulations for land use, conservation of natural vegetation, air, water and land pollution, the disposal of solid waste and waste of effluents as well as matters related to public health and safety. But un-fortunately District Councils have not established any regulations as yet in this regard. However, in future as the regulations will be on board, District Council will monitor the Project activities to ensure the compliance of those regulations and AISA will adhere to those legislations and regulations. C. Municipality of Kabul It is planned to make agreement by AISA with the Municipality of Kabul to dispose of the solid waste to be generated at industrial park. So, municipality will be responsible for 7-42 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report disposal of solid waste in environmental friendly manners described in EIA and MMM. Proposed Training Program A. Technical Assistance An environmental training and technical assistance (TA) program should be carried out to enhance the IPDA, NEPA and District Administration capacity for effective implementation of EMMP, as well as to facilitate the improved environmental management of future industrial parks projects by increasing the environmental awareness of staff in general. Initially, the training program will target a small portion of the IPDA and EPA staff directly associated with the project, but this is expected to trigger a process that will enable the IPDA and NEPA to integrate environmental issues into its day-to-day operations and project management, and into future developmental projects. NEPA is a newly established agency having Provincial Offices as well, but there is no availability of environmental monitoring equipment, staff and other office equipment. The situation demands to strengthen the capacity and capability of NEPA through logistic support, providing concerned technical staff and with in-house and abroad trainings to key staff regarding environmental management, monitoring and auditing. The AISA will engage a short-term expatriate Environmental Specialist (ES) to manage the environmental training program. The objective of the TA will be to help establish appropriate systems i.e. HSE, EMS, and to train ESPO and other senior IPDA and staff of other line departments responsible for managing environment, operations, and planning, who can then impart training at a broader level within and outside their departments (i.e., the training of trainers). The ES will organize foreign and in-country training courses for IPDA and NEPA staff; train them in specialized areas such as land, water, air and noise pollutions; develop environment operation manuals, and train other IPDA staff in applying these manuals. The training protocols will be prepared by the ES for both environmental and social training. The main indicators will include the following: Environmental Protocols * Procedures for monitoring air quality parameters and measures to be adopted for avoiding or minimizing air pollution, particularly from asphalt plant, haul tracks, haul-trucks, blasting, etc. * Procedures for monitoring water quality parameters and measures to be adopted for avoiding or minimizing water pollution, particularly from wastewater effluent from workshop, machinery washing yard, and campsite, and from dumping of spoil material from excavation and landslide load and asphalt and other obnoxious chemicals. * Noise levels from construction machinery, blasting, etc. . Protection and conservation of biological resources and enhancement of environment by providing compensatory plantation. Social Protocols * Safety hazards for workforce and local eommunities arising from construction activities, blasting, road crossing, etc. * Use of safety gadgets by the workforce. * Interruption of access of local people to natural resources and to places of socio- economic activities. Integrity of privacy of local people particularly women folk. Sanctity of religious and cultural properties. 7-43 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report In addition to the training arranged and imparted by the ES, the supervision consultant will train the staff working under the project's contractors and the IPDA's regional staff, in environmental compliance and the daily monitoring of construction projects. The cost of this training will be included in the budget of services provided by the Supervision Consultant. B. Establishment of Training Centers Keeping in view the high demand of technical, skilled and semi skilled staff after establishment of the. industrial parks, establishment of training centers is highly recommended. Availability of trained staff will not only attract the private investors to establish industrial units and but also perform a significant role in human development and poverty alleviation. 7.13 Environmental Monitoring Program 7.13.1 Objectives The objective of environmental monitoring during the Construction and Operation stages will be as follows: * Monitor the actual project impact on physical, biological and socioeconomic indicators. This will indicate the adequacy of the EIA/EMMP. * Recommend mitigation measures for any unforeseen impact or where the impact level exceeds than that anticipated in the EIA. * Ensure compliance with legal and community obligations including safety at construction and operation stages. * Monitor the rehabilitation of borrow areas and the restoration of the construction campsite as described in the EMMP. * Ensure the safe disposal of excess construction materials, solid waste, effluents and gaseous emissions. * The main objectives of monitoring during the operation phase will be to: * Appraise the adequacy of the EIA with respect to the project's predicted long- term impacts on the area's physical, biological and socio-economic environment. * Evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures proposed in the EMMP, and recommend improvements in the EMMP, if required. * Compile periodic incidents/accidents data to support analyses that will help to minimize future risks. * Monitor the survival rate of proposed plantations. AISA will ensure two types of monitoring during the execution of the Project activities. (i) Compliance Monitoring - to ensure that proposed measures in the EMMP are adhered to, and (ii) Effects Monitoring - to establish baseline values for environmental parameters such as air quality, water quality and noise levels.-- 7.13.2 Monitoring Strategy The monitoring of environmental activities will be carried out by the Supervisory Consultants (SC) and compliance and effects monitoring will be carried out by AISA as Internal Monitoring agency. The ESPO working under the AISA/IPDA head office and regional office respectively, will supervise all the SC activities in the field. ESPO will also ensure the public participation. The agencies involved for implementation, monitoring and Auditing and their roles and responsibilities will be as under: 7-44 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report A. Implementation and monitoring i). Construction Contractor Physical implementation of the EMMP is the sole responsibility of the Contractor during construction stage. Contractor wilt be responsible for in-house monitoring to ensure that the construction activities are being carried out as specified in EMMP. ii) Supervisory Consultant The Supervisory Consultant will be responsible for environmental monitoring and will perform the following activities. * Monitoring of the environmental aspects of projects during construction to ensure that the environmental requirements of the contract and the mitigation measures proposed in the EMMP are implemented. * Undertake critically important routine visual monitoring of construction, waste disposal and overall environmental management practices by the Contractor(s). Effective environmental management during construction will require frequent site visits and observation skills. * A systematically check of noise levels using a portable noise meter operated near major construction equipment and machinery as specified in Table 7.3. * V/isual checks of exhaust emissions from equipment and vehicles on a daily basis * Visual checks of airborne dust on temporary access roads, material stockpiles, disturbed soil, and haul tracks. * Instrumental monitoring of water, ambient air and noise levels as per intensity and frequency specified in Table 7.3. . To maintain the monitoring records and submit monthly reports to AISA describing the details of environmental monitoring parameters, non-compliance of the Contractor and actions taken for rectification. B-Auditing The audit of the proposed Project will be carried out both by internally by AISA and externally by NEPA. The primary aim of the auditing is to assess compliance and effectiveness of the EMMP as well as the alternative environmental and social objectives, and also to assess the effectiveness of previous corrective actions. Audit will also suggest remedial measures to overcome the environmental and social problems.. Following are the main objectives of the audit. . To evaluate whether the monitoring done by Supervisory Consultants is in compliance with the targets as set in EIA/EMMP. * To determine the conformity of the environmental and social management plans with specified requirements and identify non-conformity in environmental and social parameters as per EIA/EMMP. * Meet regulatory requirements and commitments. i). Internal Auditing by AISAIIPDA AISA/IPDA will be responsible for internal auditing and will ensure the compliance of environmental monitoring protocols by the Contractor as well as Supervisory Consultants. ESPO staff to be appointed by the AISA/IPDA will be responsible for internal monitoring. As AISA has no experience of environmental monitoring and neither they have the equipment. It is recommended that Project should provide the handy 7-45 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report equipment to monitor the environmental parameters at site like noise meter, DO meter, EC meter, pH meter, etc. A provision has already been made under the Project for such equipment. AISA will also be responsible for coordination with NEPA, NGOs and other Government Agencies. ii). External Auditing by NEPA Being a regulatory authority, NEPA will audit the Project activities as an independent monitoring agency to ensure the adherence of the national legislation and regulations related with environment. NEPA will inspect the Project at its own convenience or on receipt of complaint from any person or NGO about non-compliance of any environmental legislation or its part. AISA will facilitate the NEPA for monitoring. As NEPA is a newly born organization and they do not have the laboratory equipment, technicians, etc. It is recommended that Project should finance laboratory for the NEPA and other necessary equipment. Annexure-VI provides the staff required and cost of laboratory equipment required by the NEPA. 7.13.3 Monitoring Parameters and Frequency The major negative impacts of the Project activities are related to water resources, ambient air and noise levels generation. Impacts on biological environment are insignificant. However, impacts related the socio-economic and cultural environment are related to employment opportunities to the locals, usage of common resources by contractor, and other cultural conflicts related with outsider workers. The details of monitoring parameters are as under: i). Physical Environment For physical environment following parameters will be monitored: * Ambient air quality (mainly NOx, SOx, CO and PM10) * Asphalt plant emissions (smoke, dust, etc.) Ambient noise levels Water quality (drinking and surface water) Table 7.3 provides the parameters to be monitored, standards to be followed, intensity and frequency of monitoring. ii). Biological Environment As referred earlier that there are no significant impacts on biological environment, so no monitoring during construction activities will be required except to check that Contractor staff should not cut the existing trees in study area to meet fire or any other requirements at campsite. During operation stage, monitoring will be required to observe the generation and growth of new plantation to be carried out by the Project. iii). Socio-economic Environment Effects on the socio-economic environment will be monitored by ESPO considering parameters like hiring of local employment, community health and safety, mobility of local women etc. The Supervisory Consultant at construction stage and ESPO at operation stage will maintain a Social Complaints Register. A detailed social assessment is recommended in Chapter-8 of this report covers the socio-economic environment. It is recommended that monitoring recommended by that social assessment report should be incorporated in this EMMP for the monitoring of social parameters. 7-46 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report iv). Post-Project Monitoring After completion of the development phase post-project monitoring will be carried out. The objective of this monitoring will be to determine the level of residual impacts of the project on physical, biological and socio-economic environment of the Project Area. The monitoring may be carried out within one month after the end of all activities in the Project Area. The post-project survey report will be submitted within one month after completion of the survey. As part of the post-project monitoring field monitors will also check restoration of -sites restored at that time according to the requirements -of the EIA. Supervisory Consultant in consultation with AISA and NEPA staff will conduct the visit and will submit the report to AISA. 7.14 Communication and Documentation Plan 7.14.1 Kick-Off Meeting One kick off meeting will take place among AISA, SC and Contractor before the start of construction. The purpose of this kick off meeting will be to demonstrate the regulatory and monitoring requirements prior to the start of the individual project activities to be met. 7.14.2 Meetings and Reports Monthly meetings will be held during the construction phase at construction camp. The purpose of these meetings will be to discuss the activities of the last months, non- compliances noted by SC and AISA and their remedial measures. The meeting will be chaired by the representative nominated by AISA. The meeting will be recorded in the form of a Monthly Environmental Report (MER) to be prepared by SC and reviewed by AISA. The report will include but not limited to: * Summary of project activities during last month; * SC monitors and AISA and contractors environmental representatives present onsite; * Summary of monitoring activities; * Non-compliances observed and mitigation measures taken or required. 7-47 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Table 7-3: Proposed Environmental Monitoring Protocols Project Parameters Details Standards Location Responsibility Duration Stage to be Applied Frequency ______ Air Quality __-. -- .- - .. Pre- PM1,0 SO., USEPA, NAAQS, .wBaseline, once prior Continuous 24 hours Construction NON, CO, HC * At the edge of WHO Air Quality * Two location o construction or for a full working proposed Guidelines sites for day boundary of Industrial Park. Industrial Park. * One point for * At material each material borrow sites. borrows sites. * Site decided for * One point for the setup of workers camp construction site. 7-48 - m - - - m m m AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report Duration Details Standards Location Responsibility Project Parameters Frequency ______Stage to be Applied hours USEPA, NAAQS Tuarterly Continuous 24 Construction PM10, SO,, uring construction r over one full NOx, CO, HC At the edge of WHO Air Quality Two location working day proposed Guidelines sites for period boundary of Industrial Park. Industrial Park. One point for * Site decided for workers camp the setup of site workers camp. * One point near * Near batching I asphalt plant asphalt plant on downwind direction Continuous 24 hours At material borrow USEPA, NAAQS, One point for each uarterly during PM10 period r over one full sites. WHO Air Quality material borrows onstruction Guidelines sites. working day 24 hours USEPA, NAAQS Biannually Continuous Operation PM10, SO,, r over one full NOx, CO, HC * At the edge of WHO Air Quality * Two location working day proposed Guidelines sites for boundary of Industrial Park. Industrial Park. * One point for . Nearby each of near by villages. villages Water Quality - -- 7-49 m m m m m - - m m m - m Kamari Inclustrial Park AISA / NESPAK FIA Report Project Parameters Details Standards Location Responsibility Duration Stage to be Applied Frequency Pre- pH, Odor, HO Drinking One sample from each Once, about a week Construction Turbidity, TDS, Source where ater Quality source. efore construction (Drinking Water) TSS, total, Heavy water for drinking Guidelines starts Matels, coliforms, and purpose during faecal coliforms construction stage Is expected to be pumped * Drinking water of community near construction camp Construction pH, Odor, WHO Drinking Water One sample from each One after two months. (Drinking Water) Turbidity, TDS, where QSourceuality Guidelines source. TSS, total, Heavy water for drinking Metals, coliforms, and purpose during is faecal coliforms being pumped. Construction pH, TSS, TDS, Three points along the Pak NEQS One sample from each After one month. (Canal Water) Turbidity, BOD, reach. point. DO, Heavy Metals etc. _ Operation pH, Odor, Water sample from WHO Drinking One sample from each Biannually (Drinking Water) rurbidity, TDS, each storage tank. Water Quality storage tank TSS, total, Heavy Guidelines Metals, oliforms, and aecal coliforms Noise Levels 7-50 m m - m - I I mI - m m m m m - Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Responsibility Duration Parameters Details Standards Location Frequency ______Stage_Stage to_be_Applied Pak NEQS Once, one week before 12- hours, readings Pre- Noise levels on aken at 15 s intervals construction JB(A) scale * About 7.5 m * Two location start of construction ver 15 mn. every hour, from the source sites for and then averaged or * Site decided for Industrial Park. ver one full working day the setup of * One point for workers camp construction camp * Near batching / site asphalt plant * One point near batching / asphalt ______p la n t_ a ES0 Tolcto nce every six Readings taken at 15 s Noise levels on 0 t75mfo over 15 min. dB(A) scale At 7.5 m from Pak NEQS * Two location onths during Intervals for construction period very hour, and then the source sites averaged * Site decided for Industrial Park. Construction the setup of * One point for construction camp workers camp site * Near batching I * One point near asphalt plant batching / asphalt -- .__ _ _plant 7-S1 - mm mm mmm m m m Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Project Parameters Details to beApplied Location Responsibility Duration Frequency Operation Noise levels on Pak NEQS On quarterly basis 12- hours, readings taken dB(A) scale * Inside as well . Two location t 15 s intervals over 15 as at the edge sites for min. every hour, and then veraged or over one full of proposed Industrial Park. Norking day boundary of . One point for eac Industrial Park. of the near b * Nearby villages. villages So il _ _ _ -______Construction Oil and grease Check the soil hreshold for each One sample each s per occurrence of Once a month contamination due to ontaminant to be form access tracks, pills chemicals and oil et using USEPA's fuel and chemical spills. IRIS database until storage sites, camp national standards sites and project site. are established Soil erosion and Standard soil Excavation sites, fuel Periodic monitoring at land sliding erosion and and chemical storage least once a month conservation sites, camp sites. echniques to check severity of damage, loss of soil cover and protection measures to be -- _ adopted 7-52 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Project Parameters Details to be Applied Location Responsibility Duration Stage___ to______be____Applied___ Frequency Operation Soil erosion Visual checks Standard soil At land slide prone Quarterly monitoring and land sliding erosion and areas at every year ,onservation echniques to ,heck severity of amage, loss of oil cover and rotection easures to be - dopted I 7-53 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 7.14.3 Social Complaints Register and The SC will maintain a register of complaints received from local communities will be measures taken to mitigate these concerns. All community complaints received sent to the ESPO of the AISA for further action. 7.14.4 Change Record Register All changes to the EMMP or the project will be handled through the Change Plan referred earlier. During construction stage, SC will be responsible to Management at maintain the change-,record register while during operation stage, ESPO working persons headquarter will maintain the register along with date, type of change, responsible for change and action taken to get approval for change from competent authority. 7.14.5 Final Monitoring Report the post A final monitoring report will be prepared by Sc in collaboration with AISA after project monitoring. The report should address the following: * Introduction; * Scope, Methodology, and Monitoring Team; * Details of the Project Activities; * Natural Resource Use by the Project; * Record and Statistical Analysis of Non-compliances; Effects of the Project on Wildlife, Communities and Physical Resources; Recommendations for Future Projects. 7.14.6 Photographic Record and the contractor-will maintain a photographic record of all areas to be used during SC the the implementation of the project. As a minimum the photographic record will include photographs of the sites, access track, camp sites, and monitoring of different categories. 7.14.7 Document Control only purpose of document control is to ensure that documents are controlled so that The and the latest authorized version of the documents is used. All documents shall be dated most assigned a Document Control Number indicating the version. This is to ensure the version is in use. Each EMMP Procedure and the records shall be signed by up-to-date in the the AISA as the 'issuer'. The original version of each document shall be kept finalized official file drawer location located at AISA headquarter. When these will be be saved from all concerned shall be filed with AISA headquarter. Electronic files shall on the shared directory. The current version is to be saved in a folder labeled 'Current' and the older versions are saved in a folder labeled 'Archived" and marked as 'Obsolete' with for future reference. 7.15 Environmental Management and Monitoring Cost 7.15.1 Environmental Management Cost * Environmental management cost related with the mitigation measures of environmental parameters related to the location of camp site facilities, construction activities, borrow material, etc. will be the sole responsibility of the 7-54 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report as it will be the part of his Contractor and he will take care of cost implications contract agreement. of environmental management cost related with the construction * The Project's solid mitigation infrastructure like waste water treatment plant, environmental for firefighting, etc. have waste management, storm water drainage, provisions and will be the part of been included in Preliminary Design study of the Project Project Cost. during ambient air and noise generated by individual industries * In case of to provide stage of the Project, individual industries will be responsible operation prescribed in EMMP. the treatment/mitigations at source to follow the standards So cost will be borne by individual investors. cost of the environmental mitigation infrastructure * Operation and Maintenance fully AISA at initial stage and when industrial park will be will be bome by the of will be charged from individual industries as per their contribution established, stage in Methodology will be evaluated by the AISA at operation the effluents. about 3 to 5 % of consultation with private investors. O&M cost comes construction cost. 7.15.2 Environmental Monitoring Cost other in-house environmental monitoring at pre-construction stage and * The part of his contract monitoring to be carried out by the Contractor will be the agreement. construction stage by the * The environmental monitoring to be carried out during SC will be the part of his contract agreement. the AISA staff including Cost for Internal Monitoring/Auditing to be carried out by * Project budget. purchase of required equipment has been included in the 7.15.3 Training Cost budget to hire the services of The Project training cost has been included in the Project provide training to AISA, NEPA, expatriate Environmental Specialist (ES) and ESPO to Local Administration and Municipality Staff of Kabul. 7-55 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report CHAPTER 8 - SOCIAL ASSESSMENT The proposed Kamari Industrial Park is at about 10 Km from Kabul city. The industrial park is located in East of Kabul in Bagrami District. The villages in the Study area of Kamari Industrial Park are given below: * Karez Bakar . Daminah * Hussain Khel * Qala Mohsin * Kamari Village * Arzan Kemat A brief description of above villages is given below: Karez Bakar Karaz Bakar is located on northwest direction adjacent to the Project Area. Only one house lies within the Project Area boundary. Pashtoon is the main tribe of this village. Their mother language is Pashto. Most of the people of this village are labourers. The village has an aggregate population of 1750. The village has only one Primary School for both boys and girls. Village lacks in all other basic amenities and infrastructural facilities. 80% people carry water from community hand pumps installed within the village and remaining 20% meet their water demands through their own shallow electric pumps run by generators. Due to lack of adequate good quality water, residents are prone to diseases like Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Typhoid, Stomach Worms and Throat problems. Resident has to travel to Kabul city for seeking medical attention. Daminah Daminah village is located on northwest at about 1.5km from the Project Area. Tajiks and Pashtoons are the main Dad and Pashto speaking tribes. The village comprises an approximation population of 3900. Farming, Labour work and Government Service are the main occupations of residents. Land is very fertile but due to the lack of water availability, agricultural activities are suffering. As in other cases, the village lacks in institutional and basic amenities. No credit sources and Zakat system exists in this village. There is only one Primary School and one Middle School in this village for both boys and girls. Hussain Khel This village is located on western side about 3-4 km from the proposed project site direction. Mulla Khail, Tara Khail, Naizai, Kakar and Kutte Khail are the main clans of this village. Language spoken in the village is Pashto. This village has a population of 3500. Agriculture and fruit production is suffering due to lack of water availability. The main source of water is through open wells and hand pumps. The village lacks in institutional as well as civic facilities. Matters relating to property disputes are settled by the Heads of families. Qala Mohsin This village is located about 200 m from the Project site on southern direction. This village has a population of about 1000. Ahmad Zai is the main tribe of this village and residents of this village are the refugees who returned from Pakistan. Pashto is the only 8-1 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report facilities are not available language spoken by them. Educational, institutional and civic in the village. People carry water from Haji Sultan Karez/Chashma. Kamari Village The located about 150 m from Project boundary on western direction. The village is Mulla are Afghan refugees who migrated back to Afghanistan from Pakistan. residents is the only language Khail and Mian Khail are the main clans of this village and Pashto of 675. village lacks in basic spoken in the area. This village has a total population and Hand Pumps are amenities and other infrastructural facilities. Open Surface Wells the main sources of water. Arzan Kemat on northeast direction. village is located about 300 m from the Project boundary This This village has an Zai, Naizai and Kakar are the main tribes of this village. Ahmad as well as civic facilities. approximate population of 3700. The village lacks Institutional of water. Hand Pumps and Open surface wells are the main sources have direct impacts on the The proposed Industrial Park Project when completed would as well as settlements falling in the Study Area. Socio-economic, country as a whole, be and attitudes of people residing in these villages would definitely cultural pattern is to examine by the proposed project. Purpose of the socio-economic study influenced project on the people existing situation and to assess the impacts of the proposed the to provide an overview of living in the Project and Study Area. The study also intends existing and planned development activities in the area. therefore base line and general conditions in the Project Area have Socio-economic Area. In this context, evaluated by undertaking a sample survey in the Project been gathered from different information related to the following parameters has been sources. * Population * Occupations * Housing Conditions * Family income/Expenditure * Amount Borrowed Other basic amenities . Livestock * Education * Health Cultural Value Role of women 8.1 Social Surveys and Investigations Investigations on work program and methodology field visits were conducted. Based were made by holding regarding socio-economic conditions and cultural aspects villages of the project and interviews with notables and stakeholders residing in the Study Area. 8-2 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park CIA Report 8.2 Data Sources and Methodology of the of this study is to identify the socio-cultural characteristics The basic objective of the project on the area and to make an assessment of the possible impacts people of to collect information with population. For this purpose, a questionnaire was framed the possible project impacts the demographic and socio-economic indicators and regard to visited to collect the subject in the Project Area. The nam.es of the settlements/villages, information in the Study Area are given below: * Karez Bakar * Kamari Village * Daminah * Hussain Khel * Qala Mohsin * Arzan Kemat were relevant to the residents of above mentioned settlements The required information Affectees designed questionnaire. Stakeholders such as AISA, Project collected through (NEPA), Kabul and indirect, National Environmental Protection Agency including direct departmental and Power, Project Affectees were consulted through Ministry of Water interviewed with the focused group discussions. The affected people were meetings, Persian languages in the local interpreter having good command on Pashto and help of i.e. Maliks, stakeholders field. The social survey was done by selecting local influentials from various walks of life and through group discussions. and natural resources to Economic development crucially depends on environment services, which directly and indirectly generate socio-economic provide goods and significant time, economic development is often accompanied by benefits. At the same clear that on the environment and the natural resources. It is adverse impacts both use of development depends on the rational and sustainable successful economic impacts, as much as environmental resources and on minimizing adverse environmental and implementation. possible through proper selection, planning, designing view to appraise and environmental aspects have been studied with a Socio-economic assess the impact of characteristics related to the said and subsequently to the present first hand appraisal, necessary the proposed project on the same. In order to make field surveys and collection of data information was gathered by the consultants through available from relevant departments in Kabul. 8.3 Social Survey overview of socio- presented in this study is intended to provide an The analysis in Study Area. The profile of the directly and indirectly affected population economic are discussed in the following results of the studies and findings on the relevant aspects sub-sections. 8.3.1 Households Surveyed as shown in Table 8-1. These Fifty households were covered in the Study Area stakeholders were interviewed during the field visits. 8-3 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EiA Report at Study Area Table 8-1: List of Interviews Conducted Name of village No of Sr. # Locations Interviews/ Households 10 1 Study Area i. Karez Bakar ii) Kamari village 9 iii) Daminah 12 iv) Hussain Khel 6 v) Qala Mohsin 7 vi) Arzan Kemat 6 Total 50 of Kabul Province. The total population of The Project Area is located in Bagrami district census by the UNHCR was 21239. Main Bagrami district according to the 1990 Bagrami district is a green area with population of the area is Pashtoon and Tajiks. abundant agricultural activities. 8.3.2 Family Size (30.0 %) lies between 5 to 6 members, In Study Area the dominant family size group lies in 7 to 8 family members, 24.0 % 10.0% lies in 3 to 4 family members, 20.0 percent family size groups are, 12.0% lies in 11 to lies between 9 to 10 family members. Other family members. 12 family members and 4.0 % lies in 13 to 14 Table 8-2: Total Family Members Study Area Total Family Frequency Percentage Members 345 110.0 5-6 15 30.0 7-8 10 20.0 9-10 12 24.0 11-12 6 12.0 13-14 2 4.0 Total 50 100.0 male and female population is 194 and 189 Based on sample survey of the Study Area about 49 percent. The sex ratio is 103 males respectively. Female population constituted for 100 females. 8-4 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 8.3.3 Occupations Occupational distribution of the respondents in Study Area shown in Table 8-3 and Fig-1 indicates that major segment of the people are Private servants (34.0%), Labourers 28.0%, Trading & Business 20.0%, Cultivators 14.0% and only 4.0% are engaged in Government services and Religious activities. Overall occupational distribution of the people shows that they are engaged mainly in Private Service. Table 8-3: Occupation / Employment Structure Occupations Stu y Area Frequency Percentage Cultivators/Farmers 7 14.0 Government Service 1 2.0 Private Service 17 34.0 Trading/Business 10 20.0 Labour Work 14 28.0 Imams/Religious Scholars 1 2.0 Total 50 100.0 Fig- I IOCCUPATIOIIAL STRUCTURE (STUDY AREA) 2% 14% 28% 2% 34% 20% UkCfntdrI Farmers UGb~emmenl Serip e P I ain 'dBusiness.u rWokIaqobZ. 8.3.4 Housing Conditions As per information gathered in the Study Area 72% houses are made with mud, 24 % are cemented, and only 4% consists of tents/sheds as shown in Table 8-4 be'ow: 8-5 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Table 8-4: Housing Conditions Categories Stu y Area Frequency Percentage Tents / Sheds 2 4.0 Mud Houses 36 72.0 Cemented Houses 12 24.0 Total: 50 100.0 8.3.5 Income Sources and Expenditure Average monthly income in Study Area works out as US$ 263 per family. Most of the respondents hesitated/avoided to disclose their real income. Table 8-5 shows average monthly income of different income groups in the area. Table 8-5: verage Monthly Income for All Activities / Services in Stud y Area Stud Area Income Frequency Average Percentage Group Monthly Family _ _ _ _ _ l______l_ _ _ U SS 1-40 3 30 6.0 41-60 13 57 6.0 6180 5_ 78 10.0 81-100 5 97 10.0 101-120 Ji 1117 1220 1 121-140 1 140 [2.0 141-160 4 160 8.0 161 and 18 552 36.0 above Total 50 1263 100.0 (Based on I US$ is equivalent to Afghanis 50) Table 8-6 : Average Monthly Expenditure (US Dollar) Study Area Frequency Average Monthly Percentage Focus Expenditure US$ per GroupUS$ Family 1-40 3 30 6.0 41-60 3 56 6.0 61-80 6 75 12.0 81-100 7 97 14.0 101-120 11 116 22.0 121-140 6 139 12.0 8-6 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 141-160 1 160 2.0 161 and above 13 318 26.0 Total 50 156 100.0 AVERAGE MONTHLY INCOME & HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE (STUDY AREA) 600* 500 , 400 1-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 101-120 121-140 141-160 161 & Above I t Average Monthly Income u Average Monthly Expenditure Fig -2 Average monthly expenditure per family in Study Area works out as US Dollar 156.Table 8-6 also shows average monthly expenditure for different income groups. The group wise monthly income and corresponding expenditure of the Study Area are also shown graphically in Fig-2. 8.3.6 Money Borrowed Table 8-7 shows that (28%) of the respondents In Study Area borrowed 1,000 US$ and less. Significant majority (38%) of the respondents borrowed between 1,001 to 2,000 US$ dunng the last year, While 34% of the respondents did not borrow any money during last one year. Table 8-7: Amount Borrowed (US$) Study Area Amount I Borrowed USS Frequency Percentage 1- 400 2 4.0 401-600 3 6.0 601-800 7 14.0 801-1000 2 4.0 1001-1500 4 8.0 1501-2000 15 30.0 Did not Borrow 17 34.0 any Money Total 50 100.0 8-7 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report 8.3.7 Purpose of Borrowing The money borrowed by the residents of the Study Area was mainly used for meeting the household needs (i.e. Marriage, House hold expenditure, Construction of House and business); as detailed in Table 8-8 below: Table 8-8: Purp se of Borrowing Study Area Purpose of Frequency Percentage Borrowing Construction of 11 22.0 House Household 6 12.0 Expenditures Marriage 9 18.0 Business 7 14.0 Did not Borrow 17 34.0 any Money Total 50 100% 8.3.8 Other Basic Amenities Sources of Drinking Water The easy access to potable/safe drinking water is one of the basic needs. As per information gathered through sample survey the major source of drinking water (42.0%) in Study Area are Dug wells, 30.0 % use community hand pumps and 28.0% use Dug wells. Numbers and percentages are given in Table 8-9. Table 8-9: Sources of Drinking Water by Respondents Source Number Percentage Dug Wells 21 42.0 Community Hand Pumps 15 30.0 Motor Pumps 14 28.0 Total 50 100.0 Electricity Energy is the most important input for economic development and national prosperity. During the field visit it is observed that none of the houses enjoy the facility of electricity in Study Area. Sanitation/Drainage Facilities No proper sanitation/drainage facilities exist in the Study Area. Waste water is disposed of in the open spaces just outside the houses. Other Facilities Telephone, Post Office, Metalled road facilities are not available in the Study Area. However, these facilities are available in Kabul city. 8-8 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Livestock Population Livestock is an important component of agricultural development because it provides traction power for agricultural operations. As per information gathered in the sample survey of the Study Area. Livestock population and its percentage is given in Table 8-10. Table 8-10: Livestock Population Type of Livestock Frequency Percentage Cows 65 28.4 Goats / Sheep 83 36.2 Poultry 62 27.1 Donkeys 19 8.3 Total 229 100.0 8.3.9 Educational Status Education is the key to change and progress. Educational facilities in the social sector are the most important requirement. Given the level of development in the area, most of the area has been without such facilities. There is one primary school each in village Karez Baker and Daminah and one middle school (up to 8th class) in Hussain Khail. These schools are used both by girls and boys. Prejudice against female education is quite strong and most of the respondents considered that educating girls made them unfit for their true function in life, i.e. household responsibilities. Educational distribution of the respondents in the Study Area is shown in Table 8-11 below which indicates that among fifty respondents, 40% i.e. twenty have Primary level education, 10% i.e. five have Middle level education, 6% i.e. three have Matric level education, 2% i.e. -one has Intermediate level education, 2% i.e. one has done Graduation while remaining 40% i.e. twenty are illiterates. This table also shows that th.e people of the Study Area of Kamari Site have comparatively better educational status than the people of the Study/Project Area of Hissar-e-Shahi Site. Table 8-11: Education Level of the Respondents Educational Level Frequency Percentage Illiterate 20 40.0 Primary 20 40.0 Middle 5 10.0 Matric 3 6.0 F.A.F2 I 2.01 B.A.- I 2.0 Total 50 100.0 8.3.10 Public Health As regards the health facilities, there is not a single dispensary and no Lady Heafth Visitor (LHV) is available in the Study Area. The people in the Study Area have a tendency to get treatment from traditional faith - healers due to lack of suitable and sufficient health facilities. Bad sanitary conditions, insufficient medical facilities and meager prenatal care, all contribute to the prevalence of ill health and high rate of 8-9 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report mortality in the Area under study. The people of the area have to get medical treatment from Kabul City. 8.3.11 Cultural Values Cultural values relating to marriage suggest that it is the responsibility of the parents to arrange the marriage of their children. In most of the cases, the father of bride receives an amount of Afghanis 1-2 lacs or US$ 2000 - 4000 (1 US$ is = 50 Afghanis) from the groom or his father. People of the area have the tradition of cooperating with each other. In case of disputes or conflicts, the community tries to mediate and resolve issue by involving senior wise- men and common friends of the parties. On the whole, the local culture has allocated lower status to women as compared to men. This is reflected in placing little value to the education of females and giving them little role in decision making particularly in respect of issues that relate to their own life. 8.3.12 Role of Women Direct women situation survey could not be carried out due to strict cultural/religious norms. The matter was well informed to AISA and after having discussion on this matter it was advised by the AISA to assess the role/concerns of women through male members. The women have no formal role in the authority structure of the villages in the Study Area. There are no maternity homes, or trained lady health visitors (LHVs) in the villages. This is the main reason for high rate of infant and mother mortality. Most of the women stay at home. They travel outside the home/village only when they are in a serious condition and need to get urgent treatment from the hospitals in Kabul City or to attend weddings of relatives. Women in the Study Area are responsible for food preparation and to look after the children and family which keep them fully occupied for 14-16 hours a day. Pardah (veil) is observed by most families. The role of women will assume greater importance due to the increased activity in all the socio-economic and socio-cultural fields in the Study Area after the completion of the project. There are no relocation and resettlement issues identified in the Project area. 8.3.13 Archaeological, Historical and Religious Sites The proposed industrial park is located within the Bagrami district near Kamari village. There are no archaeological sites within the Project Area. However, a building knows as Qala Mohsin exists near to the site at the village of Qala Mohsin. Legends say that this building is about 200 years old. The building is in dilapidated condition and needs immediate attention otherwise it will turn into ruins. However, any importance of this building from archeological point of view is not legally documented. No other historical or religious sites like mosques, shrines, temples etc. exist in the Project Area. 8.3.14 Evaluation of Public Assets The Industrial Park Site is located off the highway in the Kamari foot hill. It was previously in the occupancy of the Afghan Defense Forces for de-mining operations. The area has since been vacated by the army and has been de-mined for safe human access. 8-10 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report The whole area was trekked and there was no tree on the proposed site. However, four structures are located on the proposed site. Three structures are at the Northern boundary and one at the South-West corner boundary. A brief account of these is given below: De-mining Stores Building The footprint size of the building is 48.5 x 13.25m. It has two storey beam-column reinforced concrete frame structure. Its fill walls are 40 mm thick built of machine made burnt clay bricks, cement plastered on both sides. There are eight bays, of which six are open at the first. One internal column at the front is totally damaged and one behind is partially so. This has caused two bay beams and the slab to deflect down appreciably. Further damage can be stopped by providing support beneath. The second storey is fully covered with reinforced cement concrete slab but only one third is enclosed with brick masonry walls to build stores. The slabs are made of pre-cast hollow reinforced cement concrete. Stairs are located externally on the two ends. The structure is old and damaged and needs to be demolished. However, during the infrastructure development of the site, it may be used temporarily as site office after some restoration and demolished finally after use. Observers Room This is a 5.45mx5.45m room close to the De-mining Stores building. It has 42 cm thick concrete grouted block walls and hollow pre-cast reinforced concrete roof. Its floor is one meter higher than adjacent ground. Front end sides have openings for windows which have been removed. By closing the window openings and providing an entrance door, this can be used as a store during the construction of infrastructures of the Industrial Park and demolished thereafter. Observation Tower & Office Building This is a 15.45x 6.34 m size three storey structure standing in a barbed wire fenced area of size 114.3x50.6m. It lies close to the North-West corner of the proposed Industrial Park. The building is in very bad shape, the upper two floors need to be demolished immediately. However the ground floor can be temporarily used for the site set up during development works stage. The compound is occupied by an NGO for their camp. The set up is OMAR-MCT1 1 (Site No.4), Organization for Mine Clearance and Afghan Rehabilitation. The camp comprises of tents. The officials in camp said they shall move the camp as soon as instructions from the authorities are received. -The three structures noted above are in bad shape and carry no value. Originally being government owned, no compensation would be due to anybody. 8.4 Anticipated Socio-Economic Impacts 8.4.1 During Construction Stage One of the major impacts on the locals of the area will be due to the import of laborers from other areas. This may result in cultural clashes with the local traditions. Similarly due to the air pollution and noise generation activities local population can get annoyed and irritated. 8-11 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report During the construction period, local workers will get opportunity to work on semi-skilled and labor work jobs, hence they will get experience of construction works resulting in human resource development for future development activities. The project will greatly affect the lifestyle of the people. Local people will find themselves in a new era of prosperity. The project will have major effects on local economy, employment and income. These will mainly be positive impacts. Such development activities will bring more business to the Study Area boosting its economy. The income level of the local residents is surely going to increase providing relief to the local residents. Socio-economic analysis, for assessment of the impacts of the project on people and communities in the vicinity is essential. During construction stage employment opportunities would increase which may result in the increased per capita income and many other facilities. During the field investigations some of the locals expressed that there were mostly significant impacts of the project. 8.4.2 During Operational Stage Socio-economic analysis for the impact assessment is more important in the operational stage of the proposed project. Due to the setup of industries local population will be disturbed constantly with the air pollution and noise generation activities as these locals are not used to such activities. After the construction of the project, the business potential will increase in the area and the Country. Many of the local technical/non technical workers will be hired during the construction stage, while others will have a chance to engage on similar projects in nearby places. The increased demand for food grains, vegetables, meat, poultry and other food products will provide incentive to local farmers to enhance their farm output. Hence direct and indirect benefits will be accruing to local people through increased activity as a result of this project. Health facilities will need a big boost in the post project era to cater for the increased population needs. It is expected that with the general development of the Project Area, the need for educational facilities will also increase manifolds. This could be met from improved resources generated from the proposed project. 8.4.3 Group Discussions and Scoping Sessions In accordance with the World Bank guidelines, the consultation process was carried out with the stakeholders/public in the Study Area. The outcome of the public consultations held with different stakeholders is discussed in this section. The consultations were carried out keeping in view the following major objectives: * Sharing of information with stakeholders/public on the proposed project activities and expected impacts on the socio-economic conditions of the project corridor. . Understanding the stakeholders' concerns regarding various aspects of the project, including the existing situation, construction works and the potential impacts of construction-related activities and operation of the project. The public consultations include: * Scoping sessions with stakeholders and general public. * Focus group discussions with local communities. A series of scoping sessions and focus group discussions were carried out at various locations of the project corridor, i.e. Karez Bakar, Daminah Kamari, Hussain Khel, Qala 8-12 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report Mohsin, Omar Training Centre, Arzan Kemat and Kamari Village. The purpose of the scoping sessions and focus group discussions was to share the information about the project activities with the grass root level i.e. with the actual direct or indirect affected persons and to get their feedback about the project. Various ways used to ensure the participation of the local community were the personal meetings with village elders, maliks, school teachers and imams of mosques. The participants in the consultations, local communities, and other common people of the area. The data given in Table 8-12 provides a summary of the meetings held including date, venue and stakeholders participation. The community pointed out the following issues and concerns associated with the proposed project: Table 8-12: Public Consultation/Scoping Sessions Date Venue No. of FName of Major Concerns Participants Main Participants _ July 23, Karez Bakar, 10 Mr. Tehsil High School, 2006. District Bagrami, Mr. Hawaldar Electricity, Province Kabul Mr. Zarak Transport, Mr. Meer Asghar Hospital, r. Abdul Ghani Mosque, Mr. Dolat Khan Pure Drinking IMr. Yar Water 3 Muhammad ! Mr. Khial Mduhammad _ _M l _r. Said Ali July 25, Daminah Kamari. 12 Mr. Noor Alamr- Water for drinking ^006. District Bagrami Mr. Abdul Habib nd Agriculture lProvince Kabul r. Siad Alam Hospital r cr.Abdul Jamil High School 4r.Bashir Ahmad Electricity Mr. Lal Muhammad Metalled Road M4r. Muhammad Kazim Uuly 27, Hussain Khail, 10 Mr. Khan Gul Water for Irrigation, 2006. District Bagrami, Mr. Zar Jan Hospital, Province Kabul Mr. Mulla Jan Electricity, M r. Malik Ismail College, r. Ghulam Hazrat Labour _r. Din Gul Opportunities. 8-13 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report ameof Major Concerns ate enue No. of aarticipants P MIain Participants Haji Arsala Hospital, Kala Mohsin, 15 Mr. July 29, Khan Metalled Road, District Bagrami, 2006. r. Gul Rose Khan Jamia Mosque, Province Kabul Mr. Naib Salar High School, r. Summer Gul Pure Drinking Mr. Daood Water. Mr. Zahid Khan Mr. Masood Mr. Akil Khan Mr. Abdullah Khan Abdul Razzaq Water for Irrigation, Kamari Village, 12 Mr. July 31, Hujja TuIlah Employment District Bagrami, Mr. 2006. Shams-ud-Din Opportunities, Province Kabul Mr. Mr. Sher Agha High School, Mr. Said Hakeem Electricity. Fazal Ikram lM _r. Mr. Fazal Haq Employment 1, Omar Training 15 August Nasir Khan Opportunities, Centre, District Mr. 2006. Mamoor Metalled Road, Bagrami, Mr. Taoos Pure Drinking Province Kabul Mr. Mr. Ahsan Water, Mr. Muhammad Women Khan Participation, Mr. Zameer Electricity. Mzr. Toor Khan r. Mahmood Shah College, 4, Arzan Kemat, 10 August Azhar Gui Job Opportunities, District Bagrami, Mr. 006. Zareen Khan ealth Facilities rovince Kabul Mr. Mr. Muhammad Water for usa Agriculture, Mr. Sami Ullah Electricity. 3Mr.Sher Agha 8.4.4 Pressing Needs concerns shown by the local assessment of the pressing needs or After,the,analysis and following are the basic during public consultations/scoping sessions, community which should be looked into: requirements of the Study Area people Labor Opportunities Hospital/Basic Health Units (BHUs) High School -Metalled Road Water for Drinking and Irrigation I addressed. of the Study Area which need to be These are the genuine needs of locals 8-14 U7 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report 8.5 Remedial & Mitigation Measures 8.5.1 CONSTRUCTION STAGE employment. It * Vocational Training programs should be started to promote local is very important to prefer local community for this project. schools in the * To raise the educational level of the people, it is essential to build Study Area. it is necessary * To develop the social awareness of the people of the Study Area, to take the services of a Social Development Officer during the construction stage of the project. of the Study * Long term planning should be made for the welfare of the people Area. Area during the * Health facilities should be provided to the people of the Study construction phase of the project. Study Area. All out * Drinking water is the main cause of many diseases in the efforts are needed to provide pure drinking water to the people. stage of * It is essential not to disturb the local communities during the construction project, the Area to avoid the * More and more plantation should be done around the Project noise and air pollution. language or at least . The agreement with the Contractor should be in local understandable to the community. labor as the migrant * The Contractor should use the local skilled and un-skilled labor may create some social problems. from the existing Project facilities will be located at a minimum distance of 500 m * communities settlements and built-up areas in order to avoid disturbance to local especially for women and children. 8.5.2 Operational Stage are necessary for * To promote local employment, vocational training programs local community during the operation phase of the project. and involve the local * It is equally necessary to give employment opportunities labor force during the operational stage of the project. operational stage * The need of a Social Development Officer is essential during for the social development and education of the people. confined to home . Due to prevalent cultural and social norms women are Rarely are they providing food and services to family and bringing up children. outside world, only in medical or other emergencies. Adequate exposed to role in and health facilities are not available to them. They have little educational subdued their vital family affairs and decisions. Strongly male dominated norms faculties. With the setting up of development works like. Industrial talents and etc will increase Parks need for skilled workers, educationists, health workers to cope with anticipated demand it is imperative that Vocational manifold. In order Making, Technical Training Institutions like Stitching, Embroidery, Home and Schools and Prenatal and Pediatric care etc be set up especially for women. been a realization higher educational institutions be also set up. Lately there has skills. Women trained in various skills will not only cater the for such needs and will skilled workers but with increased income their standard of lining demand for They will improve and their housekeeping techniques will improve healthily. 8-15 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report become self-confident, self-reliant and independent useful members of society in addition to contributing to national reconstructions. Women being 49% of population segment cannot even other wise be ignored in National Development works? Such steps will boost status of Educational and Health Facilities. Which will bring qualitative and quantitative changes and help ameliorate the lot of women folk? Community Development Organizations of women and children is another mitigation measure for betterment of women. Good mothers always give good nation. 8.6 Outline of Social Management Plan (SMP) 8.6.1 Introduction Based on the socio-economic conditions of the area, it is imperative to prepare a social management plan (SMP) for the study area. The outline of the social management plan is as under: 8.6.2 Health Facilities As referred earlier in socio-economic condition of the selected area, accessibility to health facilities like hospital, basic health units, dispensary, etc. is very difficult and most of the people have to visit the Kabul City for emergencies as well as for routine medical care, etc. In addition to the social and economic hardships that plague women's lives, women also face great hardship in all other facets of everyday life, including health care. The current state of health at both the sites ranks among the poorest. The infrastructure of health care facilities is in ruins as a result of the longstanding political upheaval. Present facilities lack the equipment and technology necessary to provide adequate health care. The severe shortage of health facilities exacerbates the incidents of maternal and infant mortality and both infants and mothers die at a high rate from treatable diseases simply due to lack of treatment facilities. In the light of above, main emphasize of the, social management plan will be on assessment of the existing health facilities and to render recommendations for their provision/improvement. Recommendations will cover the following items but not be limited. * Availability/improve'ment of health facilities. * Training for professional family planning services. * Serious attention to health of feeding mothers and children and treatment of anemia, malnutrition and pediatric maladies. Supporting general health and personal hygiene literacy among women through media and films. * Provision of medical equipment and adequate medicines. * Strict controls on importing of Date Barred and Spurious drugs and low quality medicines. * Proper attention and assistance to disabled people. 8.6.3 On Job Training and Training Centers As the level of education of the people in Kamari site area is low, it is necessary to provide them on job training facilities during the construction stage so that they can work efficiently and become useful laborers during construction and operation stage of the project. SMP will provide the recommendations based on study to be carried out in the 8-16 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report training centers. area for on job training or establishment of vocational Recommendations may include but not limited to these ones: training which will * The people of the project area should be provided on job their livelihood and skills. enhance project centres should be opened before the operational stage of the * Training labor related to First of. all, it will educate the people regarding the project and specific industries will be readily available. and articles being * Educate the people about the functions of various equipment used during the project 8.6.4 Employment Opportunities the local analysis of socio-economic data it was concluded that majority of After the They are is unskilled labor. Their socio-economic condition is not so well. population They are always working in different kind of factories, petrol pumps and roads already. conditions. SMP will uncertain regarding labor work due to the prevalent unsatisfactory which may include: explore the employment opportunities and give recommendations of both the Employment opportunities should be provided preferably to the locals * stage of the Industrial Parks during the construction as well as the operational project. it is easy for * As most of the local population of the Industrial Park is labour force, their skills s them to work in such kind of projects. However, streamlining of needed. provice local women are doing household chores, only, it is necessary to * The industries. them employment opportunities during the operation stage in specific This will improve their economic lot. 8.6.5 Technical Education clearly shows tnat The analysis of the village profiles and scoping sessions conducted population are very educational level and educational facilities available to the local no technical education facilities available to the local population. SMP poor. There are sure that the need and resources required for technical education to make Iwillassess for the specific operabonal stage of the project trained technical manpower before Centers should be industries should be available. In this regard provision of Vocational started in the project area both for male and female. 8.6.6 Need of Staffing For SMP to of a Social Development Officer and supportive staff is necessary The appointment Officer will a social management plan for the project. The Social Development prepare out the necessary the project site regularly along with staff and will carry visit views of the population consultations with the community; interviews, etc. to assess the and their demand. should be set up for the Social Development Officer where the whole * An office etc. should infrastructural facilities e.g. two back up persons, peons, computers be available to him. be responsible for * In addition to above, the Social Development Officer will also the following tasks: staff of AISA. * Provide social review of the Project to the concerned environmental 8-17 Kamari Industrial Park AISA / NESPAK EIA Report • Coordination between Project management and community including NGOs, CBOs, and other stakeholders. * Identify any problems due to the restricted access to the community during construction. * Identify major issues of conflict between community and the Contractor during the implementation of Project activities. 8.6.7 Terms of Reference (TOR) for Broader Social Assessment Terms of Reference (TOR) for broader Social Assessment (SA) have been prepared in relation to the specific industries to be set up. The specific objectives of TOR for (SA) have been listed below; * To carry out a social, cultural and political/institutional analysis to identify potential social impacts of the proposed project due to the implementation. * To screen social development issues and scope Social Assessment activities for design and implementation stage specific with each industry. * To ensure that results of the Social Assessment provide inputs to the monitoring of project impacts during implementation and to the evaluation of project outcomes on completion. * To provide inputs to the project design at the detailed design stage including specific recommendations for preparing social policy framework and training needs of the locals specific to each industry. * Develop a detailed Social Development and Management Plan that includes comprehensive mitigation measures to ensure that the affected and displaced persons if any are appropriately resettled and rehabilitated i.e. to assist them to improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least to restore them. * Assess -the current capacity for management of social impacts, develop institutional arrangements for Kamari and Hissar-e-Shahi Industrial Parks Project and formulate a training and capacity building plan for future. * Identification of specific training needs, measures to promote female employment and strategies to control child labour etc. Identify needs for health facilities especially in Prenatal Care, Mother & Child Health and Pediatrics and make arrangements for vocational training. Also identify needs for Technical and Vocational Training Institutes in relevant disciplines to train and educate women folk. The detail of TOR for broader (SA) has been attached with draft report as Annexure-VII. 8-18 AISA / NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report RECOMMENDATIONS CHAPTER 9 - CONCLUSIONS AND Conclusions 9.1 surveys, Design, environmental and social field Based on the Master Plan, Preliminary project, it may be the proposed Kamari Industrial Park and impacts assessment of environmental impacts but there are some significant negative concluded that although However, there are a few negative term during the constructioh stage. would be of short stage but their intensity can be that would be expected during the operational with the impacts The environmental issues related reduced by taking appropriate measures. are summarized as under: Project Activities air soil contamination, water contamination, * Physical impacts like soil erosion, construction are of temporary nature during the pollution, high noise level, etc. abatement the operational stage by adopting stage. However, during system), air bags, as treatment plants (activated sludge technologies such of buffer zones and grassy electrostatic precipitators, development cyclones, minimized. Detailed impacts and intensity of negative impacts can be areas in Chapter-5 and Chapter 7. mitigation measures have been discussed waste will become a problem. Therefore, During operation stage, disposal of including adopted in the preliminary design proper mitigations have been disposal of solid plant, safe and environmental friendly wastewater treatment The standards to be followed control of gaseous emissions at source. waste and emissions have been discussed in both for wastewater treatment and gaseous Chapter-7. is EMMP, development for the industrial park nearest potential area for groundwater Since * The west, which is a part of Logar basin. the Logar Well field located in south impact is Logar basin therefore, no significant the proposed park is not within the construction, industrial park location. However during anticipated due to the case utilize water activities at this stage shall not in any AISA should monitor that However, only during the Logar Well Field (refer recommendation). from be utilized as prescribed in preliminary operational stage well field water will discussed in Chapter 3. design report and past milftary action. Even exists within the project area due to * No flora and fauna also not observed at site. As animals like lizards, snakes, rates were the common Military for the training of firing and selected site was being used by Afghan left the noise and vibrations these animals had de-mining purposes. Due to blasting, due to significant impact on flora and fauna the site. Therefore, there will be no envisaged. the location of this industrial park was Site exists in the near vicinity of the Project * No forest area or wildlife sanctuary affected by the Project. which may be causing the disruption of boundary marked at initial stage was . The project temporary tent houses of nomads wall of one cemented house and two boundary like electricity, road, telephone and the Project Area. No infrastructure, within Two nomad families were settled illegally water supply exist in the Project Area. any voluntarily agreed to relocate without with temporary tents and they the relocation of nearby area. However, in order to resolve compensation in the consultation with AISA made of cemented house, Consultants in boundary wall park. After this readjustment of changes in the demarcation of industrial some involved during implementation of project. boundary wall, there is no resettlement 9-1 Kamari Industrial Park AISA I NESPAK EIA Report * There is no issue of acquisition of land as the land was owned by Afghan Military and land now has been transferred to the AISA. * Temporary land lease for establishment of Contractor's camp facilities will be required and criteria for selection of land and establishment of facilities has been provided in Chapter 5 and Mitigation Management Matrix (MMM) of Chapter-7, Table 7.1. * No indigenous people and women headed households have been identified in the Project. . The other social issues like safety of general public-and workers, security problems, community accessibility issue, women accessibility to fields for their daily routine life etc. are of temporary nature and proper mitigations have been provided in MMM. * A comprehensive EMMP has been developed identifying the impacts, mitigation measures, agencies responsible for implementation, monitoring and auditing of the proposed measures. EMMP also provides the roles and responsibilities of the agencies responsible for mitigation, monitoring and auditing of EMMP. The EMMP also provides the proposed institutional setup for effective implementation of the mitigation measures, monitoring parameters, and training of AISA, NEPA, District Administration, Contractor and Supervisory Consultant staff, to enhance their capacity. As the EIA Study has been carried out at Master Planning and Preliminary Design Stage of the Project, so a change management plan has been provided in the EMMP to cater the changes that may occur at detailed design and even during construction and operation stages of the Project. Similarly, generic guidelines for HSE, EMS, Eco-efficiency and Clean Production, Hazardous Waste Management, Waste Minimization, etc. have also been provided in EMMP at industrial estate level which will help to prepare detailed management plans for estate and individual units on later stage by the AISA and private investors. * It may be concluded that if proper mitigation measures as proposed in this report be implemented, the Industrial Park will cause the least effects on the area's existing environmental and social setting. On the other hand, it is expected that Project will generate about 12,000 to 20,000 employment opportunities to the residents of the area. 9.2 Recommendations Although comprehensive mitigation measures have been proposed in the report to minimize the negative impacts and to enhance the positive impacts of the Project, however, major recommended mitigation measures are summarized as under * Soil erosion, water contamination, air pollution and high noise levels should be controlled with the use of good engineering practices including land management, selection of abatement devices, and use of proactive measures, selection of proper sites, etc. The abatement technologies as mentioned before should be adopted especially during the operational stage of the project. . Contractor should take due care of the local community and its sensitivity towards local customs and traditions. EMMP proposed in Chapter 7 should be implemented in the true spirit. In order to address these issues formulation of laws and change in future plans of the relevant district administration will be required. Therefore, it is suggested 9-2 AISA I NESPAK Kamari Industrial Park EIA Report of Bagrami should coordinate with the relevant district administration that AISA and Development of along with the department related with Planning district of issues to be all stages of the project. This will provide awareness Kabul at This coordination relevant government departments and administration. dealt by their future strategies will help relevant authorities to develop or mould arise in the vicinity of the proactively to address the anticipated issues likely to park. industrial at detailed design is also recommended that the data/information updated * It proposed in change should be incorporated in the report as mechanism management plan in Chapter 7. be incorporated in the report as * The findings of the following studies should also plan. mentioned in change management carried Study and Cleaner Development Plan which will be O Eco-Efficiency participants will early in the implementation phase once the facility's out at consultant at an be known. This study will be carried out by an individual of US$ 20,000/-. approximate cost by the of detailed EMS as per ISO 14000 for Industrial Park O Preparation based on the generic environment specialist to be hired by AISA, provided in EMMP. guidelines based on the Updation of the Hazardous Waste Management framework o develop and incorporate periodic review by NEPA to enable the AISA to Plan. an appropriate strategy to the Waste Management operation stage, or change o In addition, any unforeseen conditions arise at carried out in EMMP in characterization of the effluents, changes may be by the AISA. 9-3 l I ANNEXURES I I I U I I I I I I I I I I I I II I- - I I I ANNEXURE-1 Contacted I List of Literature Consulted, Offices Visited and Persons I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Annexure-I LIST OF DOCUMENT CONSULTED . Environment Act (1384). Official Gazette No.873, Unofficial English Translation. Islamic Republic of Pakistan. 3 Environment Impact Assessment in Afghanistan (2004). " Guideline No 1- Screening of Projects" By United Nations Environment Programme. . Environment Assessment, (2004). "Bagrami Industrial Park" Kabul Province Afghanistan. 3 Forest Flora of Khyber Agency Published by Pakistan Forest Institute Peshawar (1990). I Guideline (2005)."High Commission for Investment Afghan Investment Support Agency Industrial Parks Development." Islamic Republic of Afghanistan by AISA. JV BELLER-KOCKS, (2004). "Feasibility Study for the Extension of the Kabul Water Supply System Groundwater Protection Zones." Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. 3JV BELLER-IGIP-BETS, (2005). "Extension of the Kabul Water Supply System." Working Paper 051205 on Kamari Industrial Estate Project. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. * J.E.T Aitcheson, F.L.S. (1880) "Flora of the Valley of the Kuram Valley...- and Afghanistan." * Khushal Habibi (2002) " The Vertebrate Fauna of Afghanistan." * Law on Private Investment in Afghanistan, (2005). "Unofficial Translation" By Media Department at AISA. * Martin Woodcock (1980) "Birds of Indian Sub-Continent." * Pohand Mohammad Zabir Amiri (1385 Hijri) 'Vegetation of Afghanistan" Head Biology Department Nangarhar University,Jalalabad. * World Bank, (1995). "Industrial Pollution Prevention and Abatement: Industrial Estate." Draft Technical Background Document. Environment Department, Washington, D.C. . World Bank,(2002). "Operational Manual 4.12"Involuntary Resettlement. Annexure- 3World Bank, (1999). "Operational Policies 4.01." * Environmental Act, Afghanistan-2006 1Afghanistan Information Management Services (AIMS) 1National Atlas of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, 1984 . Afghanistan Route Map, June, 2002 * Administrative Divisions * Physical Features of Afghanistan (Map), 1990 * A Historical Guide to Afghanistan Nancy Hatch Dupree, 1988 . Afghanistan Louis Dupree, 1984 * EIA Report on Rehabilitation/Improvement of Torkham-Jalalabad Road, Afghanistan 2003 LIST OF OFFICES VISITED AND PERSON CONTACTED * Climate and Meteorological Data Recording -Centre, Kabul I Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Kabul Engr. A. Ayub Director General Planning & Engineering * Food Agriculture Organization (FAO), Kabul * World Food Program (WFP), Kabul * National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), Kabul Dost Muhammad Amin Deputy Director-General * United Nations Environmental Program George Bouma Environmental Impact Assessment Expert * Department of Irrigation, Kabul Haji. Abdur Razzak Annexure-I * AIMS, Kabul & Jalalabad 1 Canal Department Dr. Muhammad Asif Raeees Canal Deptt * Irrigation Department Engr. Abdul Ayub Director Planning * Afghan Investment Support Agency AISA Fazal-e-Rabi Assistant Manager * Mr. Hameed Ullah Mudeer Janglat * International Rescue Committee Afghanistan (IRC) Mr. Obaid Ullah Vocational Training Field Officer * GTZ Office, Jalalabad Mr. Abdul Karim Nasih Deputy Capacity Building Advisor * Environment Protection Agency EPA, Jalalabad Engr. Shah Muhammad Raees EPA * Urban and Housing Development Project Engr. Muhammad Zakhil Raees Urban Development * Ministry of Industries and Mines Engr. Ghulam Dastgir Madni Sani Industries and Mines I I AN NEXU RE-I1 I : I Organogram of Afghan Central Government I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I rI ANNEXURE-II Afghanistan Central Government Organogram July 2005 Independent Commissions: o Independent Administrative Reform and Civil Independent Agencies and Services Commission Office of the Chief Justice Department: o Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission Attorney General o National Security Council o Judicial Reform Commission .. -. . - .. . - o Red Crescent Society o Disarmament and Reintergration Commission -o Anti Corruption Body o National Reconciliation and Peace and Stability o Science Academy Commission ~~~~~...... Office of tile Presidienlt I Vi ePresienttial VlS le dlenlItt l s\Ilvoi. C St; C81] Vl l r(e Advl-o s:...... 2 | | 1~~1161!i=# S 991MNTTTM' MMMO,- 4 Source: Office of Administrative Affairs, Office of the President A to Z Guide 2005 I I I ANNEXURE-III I I Various Laws Enacted In Afghanistan I I I I I I l I I I I I I I I Annexure-Ill 3 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF LAWS ENACTED IN AFGHANISTAN Date Samci #OG Name of Law Amended ] Repealed 8 Aqrab 1310 Ossul Assosie (Basic Law) of the state of Afghanistan 9 Mizan 1343 8 Aqrab 1310 Law of Attendance and Leaves of Civil Servants 31 Sombulla 1349 19 Hoot 1349 CSjj~-~ LS-JJ as ~ l 14 Sombulla 1343 10 Sombulla 1311 Livestock Tax Law See Decree No. * 3 1909, 19 Hoot 1344 |4 17 Mizan 1311 Law for the State Treasuries of Afghanistan 5 14 Aqrab 1312 Law of the Archives Directorate in Afghanistan 6 14 Aqrab 1312 Law of Secretariat Office in Afghanistan _ _ _ See 10 Saur 1325 7 14 Aqrab 1312 Law of Personnel Directorate in Afghanistan 19 Hoot 1349 11 Qaus 1312 Lawv of Resignation of Military and Civil Servants of See Ch. 3, Law T Afghanistan of 4 Jadi 1335 lL),4w, ,sUZ-1;(Military) and Ch. 8 9. Law of 19 Hoot 1349 (Civil Servants) 9 26 Hamal 1313 Law for Sale of Property from state Warehouses of Afghanistan 10 26 Hamal 1313 Law of mourning 8 Hamal 1328 11 28 Hamal 1313 Municipalities Law 10 Sombulla 1326 15Qaus 1350 30Jadi 1352 12 1 Saur 1313 Customs Law of Afghanistan 15gQau 130 0 ad 15 13 15 Saur 1313 Law of Prisons and Jails in Afghanistan 14 16 Saur 1313 Law of Marriage ,Weddings and Circumcision 8 Hamal 1328 15 10 Saratan 1314 Law for support of Commerce in Afghanistan 16 10 Saratan 1314 Law of Couriers in Afghanistan 3 Assad 1314 Law of Residence and Visas of Foreign Subjects in 15 Mizan 1318 17 (or 6 Aqrab 1313) Afghanistan - A-iW I " i u-)a jJD 12 Mizan 1314 Law of Customs Exemption of Baggage and Property 18 of Foreign Diplomatic and Consular Agents in Afghanistan 19 3 Mizan 1314 Law Of Secretariats Offices 20 4 Aqrab 1314 Law of Banknotes in Circulation in Afghanistan 1 18 Aqrab 1314 Law for Administration of the Indigent in Afghanistan 2 18 Aqrab 1314 Law for Appropriation of Property for Public Welfare OG# 639 in Afghanistan 10 Suratan 1366 3 18 Aqrab 1314 Law of Customs Tariffs in Afghanistan 4 25 Jadi 1314 Law for Importation of Dye Stuffs in Afghanistan 5 11 Hoot 1314 Law for Encouragement of Industry in Afghanistan 18 Saratan 1320 6 11 Hoot 1314 Law for Employment in Afghanistan 27 5 Saur 1315 Law of pharmacies in Afghanistan See 429 31 Jawza 1358 8 7 Mizan 1315 Postal Law 14 Sombulla 1343 See Law of 15 _ __U_ Daiwa 1352 | Page 1 of 24 l Annexure-Ill Law of Citizenship in Afghanistan OG# 606 29 16 Aqrab 1315 T Suar 1365 - _15 l 15 Sombulla 1317 Law of Telegraphs in Afghanistan 130 14 Mizan 1320 15 Sombulla 1317 Law of Military Induction in Afghanistan ~~UitI )A Lsf- S ; -__ 11 Jadi 1334 15 Sombulla 1317 Law of Citizenship Identity in Afghanistan iM_W i-_ -_ __ __A______Cl ____ See Regulation on Mizan 1318 Law of Sukook and Tax Stamps T 15 Court fees from I st Five- Years 33 Plan1335 Published in Qaza _ -Magazine 1350 -_ -_ -- of Foreign subjects in 4 Saur 1344 OG# 531 P 15 Mizan 1318 Law of Travel and Residence 5 Saratan 1344 15 Suar 1362 34 Afghanistan 31 Sombulla 1349 * _ 17 Sombulla 1325 15Mizan 1318 Law of Vehicle Driving and Gaudi Riding in 135 Afghanistan 18 Mizan 1346 OG# 461 15 Mizan 1318 Law of Passport in Afghanistan 11 Quas 1354 25 Sunbula 1359 OG# 439 36 30 Aqrab 1358 OG# 440 15 Quas 1358 and Rivers in 37 22 Mizan 1318 Law for the Sale of Land under Dams Afghanistan 38 10 Qaus 1318 Law of Municipality Taxes in Afghanistan 4A~ A- U. _ __ _ OG# 662 Hoot 1318 Law for Chambers of Commerce 39 24 -30 Hoot 1366 5 Assad 1327 25 Jadi 1319 Radio Law 40 (or 2 Hamal -1320) Afghanistan 30 Hamal 1328 41 13 Hamal 1320 Law for Encouragement of Industries in &itl A U _ _ ___l_ __ (or 18 Saratan) 7 I" 12 Qaus 1333 42 14 Mizan 1320 Law of Military Service obligation in Afghanistan 4_ _ _ , ( *1_ 21 Qaus 1334 43 30 Jawza 1321 Law of Commerce in Afghanistan 21 Qaus 1334 30 lawza 1321 Law of Commercial Registration in Afghanistan 21 Qaus 1334 45 8 Seratan 1321 Law of Commercial Offices in Afghanistan 21 Qaus 1334 46 23 Seratan 1321 Law of Brokerage in Afghanistan Afghanistan 47 15 Qaus 1321 Law of Insolvency and Bankruptcy in 15 Dalwa 1345 See Law of 29 Saur Jawza 1322 Law of Income Taxes 48 18 1344 ___, y1-. .1Lfilil See Law of 17 Jadi 49 14 Qaus 1323 Law of Civil Servants and Retired Officials 1333 -_ - Law See Law of 17 Jadi . 50 14 Qaus 1323 Pension Treasury 1333 I.I Appellate OG# 722 51 27 Sombulla 1324 Law of Statutory Limitations for Primary, Page 2 of 24 | l l Annexure-Ill and Review Hearings of Civil and Criminal Cases in 131 Asad 1369 - ~Afghanistanl 24 Jadi 1324 Law of Labor and Laborers in the National Industry OG# 440 52 Institution of Afghanistan 15 Quas 1358 (Paragraph 4 *_ "DAL",Artcle 63) * 10 Saur 1325 Law of the General Presidency for Inspection of the See Law of 28 53 Administrative Affairs of the Government of Sombullal342 Afghanistan 54 10 Saur 1325 Law of Secretariat Offices in Afghanistan 7 Jawza 1325 Law of Organization of the Courts and Procedures of 29 Saratan 1328 The Civil Servants Courts in Afghanistan 30 Saratan 1335 3 Jawza 1326 Law Ordering of Shape and -Dimensions of the lAqrab 1334 F Authorized Flag of the state of Afghanistan 57 10 Sombulla 1326 Law of Municipalities 16 Jadi 1336 (or Dalwa 1330) 17 Sombulla Traffic Law 19 Aqrab 1330 T 1326 j A-U1= (Arts. 73-77, 80- 15882, 87-8) 18 Saraton 1341 (Art. 20) 3 Mizan 1326 Military Penal Law of Afghanistan OG# 604 16 Halmal 1365 or 59 20 Asad 1365 OG# 781 30 Asad 1374 Law of Military Courts OG# 498 See OG# 452 60 13 Mizan 1326 I Jadi 1360 15 Suar 1359 61 5 Assad 1327 Radio Law 62 8 Hamal 1328 Law of Mourning Ceremonies 63 8 Hamal 1328 -Law of Marriage ,Weddings and Circumcision 64 30 Hamal 1328 Law for Encouragement of Industry in Afghanistan I Hoot 1345 5 9 Jadi 1329 Press Law 17 Sombulla 1344 (or 12 Dalwa) 66 11 Jadi 1330 Law for the Purchase of Grains 67 28 Daiwa 1332 Law For Filings Petitions in Government Offices Not itn force 8 5 Assad 1333 Law of Investment 8 Qaus 1337 and 15 Hoot 1343 12 Qaus 1333 Military Service Law 9 Qaus 1343 See OG# 472 28 Qaus 1343 20 Jadi 1359 9 OG# 439 30 Aqrab 1358 OG# 452 15 Suar 1359 0 17 Jadi 1333 Pension Treasury Law 1 SDelwa1347 19 Hoot 1349 17 Jadi 1333 Law of Employment, Promotion and Retirement of the 15 Dalwa 1347 19 Hoot 1349 Civil Servants in Afghanistan 17 Sombolla 1346 7:uW j41 al fj clJ A-" Page 3 of 24 l l Annexure-Ill 31 Sombulla 1349 l 2 19 Daiwa 1333 Reserve Officers Law in Afghanistan OG• 792 16 Assad 1334 Law of Duties Collected by the Consulates of 1378 Afghanistan A 30 Qaus 1353 19 Saur 1353 7 Agrab 1334 Law of the Flag in Afghanistan OGI 289 Law of Commerce * 21 Qaus 1334 30 Quas 1353 (Article 866-942) OG# 430 16 Saratan 1358 (Chapter 13) !75 OG# 676 29 Mezan 1367 (Art. 277 & 458) OG# 694 31 Jaw%za 1368 of the 6 11 Jadi 1334 Law of the New Population Identity Papers State of Afghanistan 7 20 Jadi 1334 Law of the Registration of Population Records 8 20 Jadi 1334 Law of the General Census in Afghanistan the 15 Hoot 1349 6 Hoot 1334 Law for setting Ownership and Tax Matters and and 79 Price of Water for Lands Below the Arghandab Kajakai Dam 2 Qaus 1336 Opium Law 9 Assad 1335 OG# 741 80 31 Hamal 1370 OG- 519 20 Assad 1335 Law of Civil Aviation in Afghanistan 15 Agrab 1361 the Air 19 Qaus 1335 Law of Graduate Military Petty Officers for 2- and Land Forces 15 Dalwa 1347 83 4 Jadi 1335 Law of Military Promotion and Retirement ._ 19 Hoots 1349 OG# 722 13 Hoot 1335 Law of Administration of the Courts of Justice ._ 31 Asad 1369 OG# 519 85 14 Mizan 1336 Law for Facilitating Civil Aviation in Afghanistan 15 Aqgtab 1361 ______Not in Force 6 8 Aqrab 1336 Law of Advisory Councils OG# 741 2 Qaus 1336 Prohibition of Cultivation, Purchase, Sale, in 31 Hamal 1370 87 Importations, Exportation, and Use of Opium Afghanistan See Law of 21 16 Jadi 1336 Law of Municipalities in Afghanistan Hoot 1344 and Decree 88 No .24, Official Gazette, 15 Hoot 1345 See Official Division of the Country of Afghanistan 24 Jadi 1336 Gazette 15 Hamal 1343 and 89 Law of 20 Mizan . . _1344. 90 28 Assad 1337 Law of Punishment of Transport Violators I 3 Page 4 of 24 l l Annexure-Ill Investment I Hoot 1345 8 Qaus 1337 1 Law for Encouragement of Foreign o ,)JXiEj 9i)-&59L 4-13 L,,&- - A I Civil Courts of Justice 0G# 722 I Jadi 1337 Law of Procedure for the 31 Asad 1369 I of Prisoners in Aqrab 1338 Law of Punishment and Reward l 17 _ _ _ Y Afghanistan See 470 Medals 94 15 Sombulla 1339 Law of Awards and 10 Jadi 1359 Law of commercial Trademarks 29 Sombulla 1339 17 Assad 1350 and Arrangement of Marriage 96 27 Mizan 1339 Law of Marriage Certificates 1344 and Registration of 31 Jawza 19 Qaus 1339 Law of Preparation of Statistics ' Land in 57 Property and Rights of Sale in Excess Afghanistan in Afghanistan 14 Saratan 1343 OG# 544 6 Jadi 1339 Law of Budget and Accounting _30 Agrab 1362 _ 19 Hoot 1349 Employees in Afghanistan 99 6 Jadi 1339 Law of Contract 19 Hoot 1349 Obligations of Professional Personnel > 17 Mizan 1340 Law of Service 1349 of Scholars and Specialists 19 Hoot 01 28 Aqrab 1340 Law of Service Obligations in Afghanistan of Civil Servants 20 Saratan 1341 Law of Regulations of Holdings And Military Officers and Members (Employees Of) State Enterprises and Companies in Which the Fiftv Percent of the Shares 02 State holds more then in Afghanistan 03 28 Sombulla 1341 Law of the Bureau of Auditing Hoot 1349 Law for Fixing the Price and Sale of Waters for 15 104 10 Aqrab 1341 Lands below the Kajakai and Arghandab Dams 22 Dalwa 1348 Penal Law for Civil Servants and Crimes Against 26 Qaus 1341 18 Mizan 1351 Public Welfare and Security 05 15 Hoot 1351 Debts OG# 594 06 26 Aqrab 1342 Law for Collection of State 15 Aqrab 1364 107 16 Hoots 1342 1 The Officials Gazette Law Committee for Investigation 16 Hoot 1342 1 Law for Organization the of Claims against Judicial Personnel 08 5 UYS e<_ __ _ a; #,Jj-4I iS :C,% JiLvU Courts 30 Saur 1353 16 Hoot 1342 1 Law of Rules for the Commercial & 110jtioO 09 4 Hamal 1343 2 5 15 Hamal 1343 3 29 Hamal 1343 4 Afghanistan OG # 622 Mizan 1343 Qanun Assosie (Basic Law) of Quas 1365 110 9 - 30 -_ 15 Mizan 1347 OG# 784 No, 1 of 1343 Concerning the Administration of 1 2 Qaus 1343 27 Mizan 1352 1376 Government Cases the Administrative Councils 112 28 Qaus 1343 No 2 of 1343 Concerning 112 of the Provinces the Administration of 113 28 Qaus 1343 No. 3 of 1343 Concerning Page 5 of24 l Annexure-Ill IAdvice and Legislation the Affairs 16 Dalwai 1344 15 H^e: 1345 114 28 Qaus 1343 No. 4 of 1343 Concerning Arrangement of of the Saranwali 17 Dalwa 1343 15 Mizan 13- 19 Jadi 1343 IS No. 5 1343 Concerning Judicial Organization and Authority 15 Dalwa 1345 ; 1343 JL ?-_~ j U Ai 30 Mizan 1345 * 19 Hoot 1344 See Law- of 19 No. 6 of 1343 Concerning Arrangement of Defendants T 17 Daiwa 1343 I Haz-_a 1351' 116 Affairs ' +-.I,- 1343 JL- e ;4 &j - ,itj ______See Law- of 21 Law for Encouraging Foreign Private Investment in 15 Hoot 1343 I Hoo: 1345 117 Afghanistan j.'3'iSj, - ______(UiitL s? ,5^ 5 Saratan 1344 See R:-ablica- 21 Saur 1344 25 Parliamentary Elections Law 23 Saur 1344 Decr- No. I 118 (5jyH L. wiU Para.5 See OC= 814 1344 25 Law No. 9 dated 23 Sawr 1344 with regard to 21 Saur 30 Q-;. 1382 T, 9 execution ofthe Municipalities Election aJI 9 - 4JZ J I bWil u5§'-8 ~i., 1344 jjy 23 1;1)^ *~4&3 A-1 t OG# 71 OG= 5 29 Saur 1344 25 Income Tax Law 15 Dalwa 1345 30 Ho,x 1383 OG# 125 (Repea. OGG ^ 5, 16 Hoot 1348 481..'4: 502 21. OG# 232 670. 4 and 2. 29 Hoot 1351 76 Ir.cetax aw OG# 445 OG= ") 30 Dalwai 135S OG# 481 15 Suar 1360 OG# 494 30 Aqrab 1360 120 OG# 502 30 Daiwa 1360 OG# 521 15 Quas 1361 OG# 670 30 Saratan 1367 OG# 704 30 Aqrab 1368 OG# 670 31 Suratan 1367 OG# 704 30 Aqrab 1368 16 Dalwa 1344 See 0& 820 5 Jawza 1344 Criminal Procedure Law (PDF) X8 cjj'i 18 Mizan 1346 6 Jadi 1382 15 Hamal 1352 OG# 547 15 Jadi 1362 121 OG# 657 29 Jadi 1366 OG# 763 17 Hoot 1370 (Section Two) Page 6 of 24 I I 7 Annexure-Ill As&il 1353 31 Jawza 1344 State Enterprises Law ]15 31 Jawza 1344 28 Land Survey and Statistics Law 18 Mizan 1346 ALJ _ 1 SeeOG 310 5 Asa' 1354 r23 See OG= 346 31 Harmal 1355 24 17 Sombulla 34 Press Law OG# 65 - r 1344 S j 29 Jadi 1366 25 20 Mizan 1344 37 Law of Basic Organization 15 Hoot 1351 L___I~ jiU 19 Hoot 1344 2 26 Mizan 1344 38 Law of Price control and Prohibition of Hoarding 17 Sombulla 1346 21 Hoot 1344 Municipalities Law See Decree, Officiai Gazette No. 24. 15 127 l 127Hoot 1-45. I See OG= 732 F15 Jad i3i69 28 30 Qaus 1345 68 Law for Issuance and Sale of Public bonds I29Hoot 1345 72 Foreign and Domestic Private Investment Law 18 Mizan 1346 30 Jauza 1353 LS~JL~-!, J 5 ~ ~ cJ~ ______30 15 Hoot 1345 73 Law of Saranwali OG# 6:4 ,;u#~29 Jad. 1365 I _ _ 31 20 Hoot 1345 73 Airport Use Tax Law See OG =75 20 Hoot 1345 73 Telephone Law OG# 502 30 Dalwa 1360 32w OG# 559 15 Jawza 1363 * OG# 683 *_ 30 Jadi 1367 20 Hoot 1345 75 Law for duties on use of Airport and Civil Aviation OG# SSS 1365 33 establishments and services 18 Jadi L Ou_0 i J@1u4 jl J5 ..olj,I3T -ya {ju4 w uiM~~l , 5 s.L f 17 Sombulla 1346 87 Law for Prevention of Hoarding OG# 616 OG# 690 34. 31 Sunbula 1365 14 Sua- 1368 15 Mizan 1346 89 The Jurisdiction and Organization of the Courts of OG# 117 See Republican 135 Afghanistan 16 Aqrab 1347 Decree No.3. U0 cU,L OG# 231 OG# 4779 15 Hoot 1351 15 Hamal 1360 31 Sombulla 1347 113 Education Law Rejected by .k-,y Parliament. i 36 OG# 796 1380 31 Sombulla 1347 University Law Rejected by Parliament. 37 See OG X 130 9 Saur 1348 30 Dalwa 1348 151 Law of Prohibition of Smuggling OG# 616 OG#' --81 31 Sunbula 1365 31 Hamral 1370 38 OG# 793 ______1379 Page 7 of 24 I Annexure-Ill 706 Law for Transmission of Credentials, and TOG4 l 28 Hoot 1348 l 153 1368 Documents of Ratification of Treaties and 30 Qusa 139 Agreements between States 15 Hamal 1351 OG# 364 19 Hoot 1349 178 Civil Servants Law *I -O OG# 231 - 12 Jawza 1356 15 Hoot I'351 14 30 Mizan 1351 140 25 Assad 1351 31 Assad 1351 _ p_ 15 Agrab 1350' l 15 Jawza 1350 19 Hoot 1349 178 State Contracted Employees Law C l'Caj. JPv 29 Mizan 1350 30 Jadi 1350 r 29 Hoot 1351 See Correction in 141 OG# 199 p 19 Hoot 1349 559 * OG# __ 15 Jawza 1363 OG# 795 1142 19 Hoot 1349 180 Law of Pasture Lands -cjj 1379 143 17 Assad 1350 190 Law of Marriage 144 31 Assad 1350 191 Law of Industrial Banks in Afghanistan OG= 627 1351 206 Law for Organizing the Affairs of Defense Attorneys 4 Hamal 1uH 10 Dalwa 1365 14 Hoo5 135 25 Pi Law See OG# 287 146 15 Qaws 1351 251 law of Cooperatives 1JJ &JU 16 Qaus 1353 29 Jadi 1352 253 Police Law 15 Hoot 1351 See OG# 231 147 15 Hoot 1351 of Bribery OG#231 148 15 Hoot 1351 Law of Prosecution and Punishment 15 Hoot 1351 149 6 Assad 1352 Republican Decrees , Nos. 1, 2, and 3 OG# 459 OG# 548 28 Mizan 1352 253 Law of Hiring, Promotion and Retirement of Police 30 Asad 1359 30 Jadi 1362 150 and Gendarmes OG# 659 30 Dalwa 1366 31 Jauza 1360 25 Jadi 1352 Highway Traffic Law 151 See OG# 231 29 Jadi 1352 Law of Police and Gendarmes 15 Hoot 1351 See OG# 324 152 15 Dalwa 1354 OG# 623 15 Jadi 1365 . _ 30 Jawza 1353 See OG#508 30 Jadi 1352 Law of Customs 153 30 Suar 1361 ._ OG# 394 154 15Dalwa 1352 Postal Law 15 Hamal 1357 . _ See OG# 683 55 19 Saur 1353 Law ofthe Flag in Afghanistan Page 8 of 24 I1 Annexure-IlI | 30Jadi 1367 _ _ I - 19 Saur 1353 Law ofthe State Emblem of the Republic of 6 1Afghanistan 15 Jawza 1353 274 Law of Tax on Consumer Goods Produced and Sold in 1157 Afghanistan * 15 Jawza 1353 274 Law of Tax on Driving Permit for Motor Vehicles OG# 676 ,l Ji .U j- 29 Mezan 1367 158 .Ijc jtj-A5 OG# 697 *_ 15 Asad 1368 633 5 30 Jawza 1353 275 Foreign and Domestic Private Investment Law OG# 546 OG# L L1- , ;JA JIU 30 Quas 1362 27 Hamal 1366 OG# 369 * 15 Assad 1353 279 Law of Government Enterprises - OG# 359 See IA<; . 15 Agrab 1355 30-Saratan 1356 i16 31 Sombulla 1353 282 Law of Afghanistan Oil Institute 504 3 2 Qaus 1353 287 Cooperatives Law OG#428 See OG# Tljjs UjA 16 Jawza 1358 29 Hoot 1360 OG# 439 162 30 Aqrab 1358 OG458 15 Asad 1359 16 Qaus 1353 288 Law of Chambers of Commerce and Industry in 163 Afghanistan T & , L-'Udsu4 iu ait) OG# 430 OG# 694 164 30' Qaus 1353 289 Insurance Law * cjU 16 Suratan 1358 31 Jawza 1368 31 Saratan 1354 309 Law of Money and Bank-ing in Afghanistan OG# 370 See OG# 770 LsUUs i Jj JC jA 15 Asad 1356 16 Aqrab 1373 165 OG# 514 31 Asad 1361 - 5 Asad 1354 310 Statistics law of Afghanistan OG# 483 3116aw6o land r m li 16 Jawza 1360 167 15 Asad 1354 311 Law of land reform. OG # 354 . lc:l L-l 0-0 2 Dalwai 1355 1 Sonbuli 1354 314 Law of Tourism OG# 439 OG# 431 1358 168 0 ,I0 30Aqrab 1358 31 Suratan Article (1 &3) 1 Sonbuli 1354 314 Law on land expropriation of Khosh hal Khan Meena OG# 426 Saur 1358 169 Project 15 _ _4. _ _ _J _ _ ;J_ ~ tA L 170 15 Dalwa 1354 324 Police Correction law Hamal 1355 330 Law for Wireless Apparatus (Dastga-ha) 171 15 | LA . 0_AI _ _ 172 15 Sawr 1355 332 Law of private construction Institutions. 173 15 Saratan 1355 338 Law on progressive tax of lands 13 Sonbula 1355 346 Law on survey, settlement and registration of lands OG# 674 lA j,s5=s' Ai 31 Sunbula 1367 174 (only the Survey Section) Page 9 of 24 I Annexure-IIl OG# 795 -__ 1379 L _- * 15 Mezan 1355 347 Penal Code OG#391 1 a 30 Dalwa 1356 OG# 498 1Jadi 1360 547 t75 OG# 15 Jadi OG# 765 17 Hamal 1371 (Art. 203) ____.- 76 15 Aqrab 1355 349 Law of Generic Medicine. 15 Hamal 1356 360 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of -UGW 505 15 Hamal 1361 1177 Afghanistan. J * JUAL;iI L5* J-U ai OGu 666 12 Jawza 1356 364 Law of the State Civil Servants OG# 368 23 Saratam 1356 1 Jawza 1367 OG# 379 21 Aqrab1356 OG# 402 22 Saratan 1357 OG# 429 78 31 Jawza 1358 OG# 440 15 Quas 1358 OG# 467 15 Quas 1359 OG# 559 15 Jawza 1363 459 30 Saratan 369 Law of state owned enterprise OG# 30 Asad 1359 79 1356 a . Lsa-.s Ou OG# 432 18 20 Mezan 1356 376 Law on registration of vital statistics and census 1358 O___ - - YL O 15 Asad OG# 786 15 Daiwa 1356 384 Law for choosing applications (Arayez). 1376 81 _L-__ _ _i__ __i _l 18 Qaws 1356 385 Law on wages of Civil Aviation and Air services 82 Establishments __(1A _5___ _ ' k-.I&'), Cj5 OG# 468 83 15 Dalwa 1356 389 Law of Audit ______Cjt ._ 41f ^-* & i 20 Quas 1359 15 Daiwa 1356 389 Law for international transit and transportation in 184 Afghanistan. *U UI;1I Ja* C 4 A ______1 Hamal 1358 422 Law on regulating the tasks of the Revolutionary OG # 422 Council and Government and Legislative OG# 423 Procedures of the Democratic Republic of 8 Hamal 1358 185 Afghanistan 8 Hamal 1358 423 Law of Supreme Country's defense National 186 Council of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. I Page 10 of 24 Annexure-Ill OG# 498 15 Hamal 1358 424 Law of detection and Investigating Crimes and surveillance of Prosecutors saranwali on the I Jadi 1360 Legality of its Application. OG# 688 1I 87 jl &<)±.05 15 Hamal 1368 OG# 737 30 Hoot 1369 OG# 439 OG# 639 15 Sawr 1358 426 Law on Expropriation and Sale of the detailed Kabul Land Projects on the basis of 1357 Master plan 30 Aqrab 1358 10 Suratan 1366 )9j &OU OG# 514 188 LlMi ),L-d, &A -- Y u4 .1357 LA 31 Asad 1361 OG# 613 22 Asad 1365 See OG# 440 16 Jawza 1358 428 Law on maternity leave 5Y9 ,-jG 15 Quas 1358 440 OG# 513 31 Jawza 1358 429 Law of Pharmacies OG# ! j: fl,Cj-t 15 Quas 1358 15 Asad 1361 90 -- OG# 439 31 Jawza 1358 429 Law on regulating movement and function of the land transportation vehicles 30 Aqrab 1358 j5 4L-s ;i J+, jju Article (2 & 42) OG 452 15 Suar 1359 OG# 494 30 Aqrab 1360 191 OG# 657 29 Jadi 1366 (Article 42 Repeal) OG# 683 30 Jadi 1367 (Art. 14) See OG# 440 31 Jawza 1358 429 Law of piped water tax (. TJ ,ylj 15 Quas 1358 92 OG# 798 -_ 1380 See OG# 440 93 16 Suratan1 358 430 Law of Afghan National Insurance O1 L A-4? ,,_ 15 Quas 1358 OG# 488 94 31 Suratan1358 431 Law of Tourism. i i i 31 Asad 1360 194-~ Law of census. OG# 452 OG# 793 95 15 Asad 1358 432 1379 434 u J-l :j~lji 15 Suar 1359 15 Sunbula 1358 OG# 440 Auction law on goods of the Administrations and See 15 Asad 1358 432 15 Quas 1358 96 434 state owned enterprises IA ja :J1J51j 4 J_"l f4 cjJiJ 197 15 Sunblia 1358 434 Law of extraordinary revolutionary courts OG# 449 1358 434 Law on specialized Prosecutor-ship Saranwali as 15 Sunblia 31 Hamal 1359 198 a body save guarding interests of Afghanistan .JU\ , Page 11 of 24 I I Annexure-IIl 1365 29 Mezan 1367 |= I 15 Saratan 15 Quas 1358 1440 Law on maternity leave 440 Law for pipe water tax 202 15 Quas 1358 , ______-- Ji lI Jy-- 117 15 Quas 1358 440 Law of National Insurance See OG 512 440 Law on Rights and Privileges of the Saur 15 Quas 1358 Suratan 1361 Revolution Martyrs 31 205 29 Quas 1358 441 Law on debt collection OG# 498 * 31 Hamal 1359 449 Law on specialized Revolutionary Court , j I Jadi 1360 * - Yiu OG# 504 206 29 Hoot 1360 20 OG# 642 3 31 Suratan 1366 _ OG# 498 OG= 674 I 31 Hamal 1359 449 Law of specialized Revolutionary General I Jadi 1360 31 Sunbula 1367 07 Prosecutor-ship Saranwali. *Ai0l U - Ai-t &,i OG# 506 OG= 675 31 Hamal 1361 15 Mezan 1367 OG# 522 15 Suar 1359 452 Law for Courts of Armed Forces of the Republic of Afghanistan 30 Quas 1361 08 Democratic reIj<5jao OG# 616 .~;_0-L I -______31 Sunbula 1365 OG# 498 OG= 674 15 Suar 1359 452 Law for Prosecutor-ship of the Armed Forces of I Jadi 1360 I Sunbula 1367 09 the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ' Si.8s2ebsliu a OG= 675 _ 15 Nlezan 1367 OG# 642 31 Suar 1359 453 Law on principle of Organization and tasks of Ministries of the Democratic Republic of 31 Suratan 1366 10 Afghanistan OG# 657 u;Yj J05 . Jj-1 Cjju 29 Jadi 1366 OG# 517 31 Suar 1359 453 Law on tax of consumer goods Jj. A-AU )jj 15 Mezan 1361 ____(JS5) OG# 743 459 Law of state owned enterprises OG# 522 12 30 Asad 1359 Suar 1370 ____ L__ __ _ j 30 Quas 1361 31 OG# 604 460 Penal Law of Crimes against War Summoning of OG# 468 15 Sunbula 1365 the Armed Forces of Democratic Republic of 20 Quas 1359 16 Hamal 13 1359 1365 Afghanistan 20 Asad OG# 467 OG# 671 25 Sunbla 1359 461 Passport law (3 Annex in the same Gazette) :jej jA 15 Quas 1359 16 Asad 1367 0G11481 15 Suar 1360 14 0OG1 554 13 Hamnal 363 OG# 616 31 Sunbula 1365 items -OG 828 ]5 30 Quas 1359 469 Law on save guard of historical and ancient -j, ij UJi;,jlti 31 Suar 1383 OG# 521 See 0G# 673 16 Jadi10 1359 470 law of Insignia and Medals of the Democratic 15 Quas 1361 15 Sunbulla 1367 1 Republic of Afghanistan Page 12 of 24 | I Annexure-Ill L L; tA J ,,lLZ1j j4 OG 609 OG# 797 31 Jawza 1365 1380 OG# 636 31 Saur 1366 20 Jadi 1359 472 Law of Military obligati OCj-)U. See OG#64-4 : C(93 15 Hamal 1361 31 Asad 1366 17 OG# 513 IS Asad 1361 OG# 537 15 Asad 1362 15 Hamal 1360 479 Law on organizational structure and power of the OG# 498 OG# 675 courts of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. I Jadi 1360 15 Mezan 1367 *18- zUililJ5-Z _selu OG# 625 10 Dalaw 1365 OG# 647 31 Sunbulla 1366 O45016 1 360 483 Law of Statistics OG# 570 kt-, 6JA~ 30 Aqrab 1363 1360 484 Law of Traffic OG# 683 -5 01-v 30 Jadi 1367 0G4 705 P 2 2 0 15 Quas 1368 220 OG# 747 30 Suratan 1370 (Paragraph 1, Art. 7) 15 Suratan 485 Law on Rights and Privileges of the Academic OG# 787 1360 staff members of the Institute of Legislative Affairs 1378 2 1 and Scientific Legal Research. LU'S Uy ______14 Mezan 1360 491 Law of the Ministers Council of the Democratic OG4 518 OG# 797 222 - Republic of Afghanistan 30 Mezan 1361 1380 ~~~iit zjsy~J~i ~ (jj Jy U OG# 522 .. -30 __ - - Quas 1361 14 Aqrab 1360 49 r Institutions OG# 613 23 L &J.j1i &A 22 Asad 1365 OG# 735 30 Dalwa 1369 2 30 Jadi 1360 500 Law of Water OG# 755 C QA 15 Anrab 1370 30 Dalwa 1360 502 Law for Science Academy of the Democratic OG# 697 225 Republic of Afghanistan 15 Asad 1368 I aA OG# 763 17 Hoot 1370 29 Hoot 1360 504 Law of Cooperatives 226 kps^ C4u 15 Asad 1362 (Art. 30) _ _ _ 31 Suar 1361 508 Customs Law of the Democratic Republic of 004 847 27 Afghanistan. 15 Hamal 1384 31 Suratan 512 Law on Privilege and rights of disables and OG#582 28 1361 descendant of martyrs of the (Sawr) Revolution 31 Suar 1364 600 IOG# Page 13 of 24 I Annexure-Ill 15 Daiwa 1364 OG# 652 1Quas 1366 OG# 657 29 Jadi 1366 OG# 672 31 Asad 1367 (Article 7) OG# 748 15 Asad 1470 | OG 768 . _ 31 Sunbulla 1373 29 15 Asad 513 Law of Generic Medicine 1361 A_ Cjj,U 7 15 Asad 513 Law of pharmacies (drugstores) OG#513 1361 A ,,cL,, t 15 Asad 1361 OG# 696 31 Suratan 1368 _ _ _(Art. 15) 1231 31 Asad 514 Law on collection of stamp tax (SOKOK) 1361 -S 3- U 1 5 515 Law of disaster campaign of the Democratic OG# 750 7232 Sumbulla Republic of Afghanistan 16 Sunbula 1370 j 5 ,I t- Dj-A __ 3 1361 __-__ _ 233 15 Aqrab 1361 519 Law of Civil Aviation OG# 559 OG# 809 ____ _5J.. q jDi 15 Jawza 1363 31 Suratan 1382 15 Jadi 1361 523 Law on applying punishment of prisoners in OG# 546 OG# 793 34 prisons 30 Quas 1362 1379 2IA Lk, d3 4J- D*05 OG# 697 15 Asad 1368 15 Suar 1362 531 Law on barnstorm and residence of foreigner OG# 792 235 subjects in Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. 1378 . ~~ ~ ~ ~ I,. ja S 1 ) i 15 Jawzal362 533 Law for National Archive of the Democratic 236 Republic of Afghanistan 15 Saratan1362 535 Law for Public Health of the Democratic Republic 37 of Afghanistan 15 Asad 1362 537 Law on veterinary services of the Democratic OG# 795 238 Republic of Afghanistan 1379 30 Aqrab 1362 544 Law on State budget of the Democratic Republic OG# 856 239 of Afghanistan 6 Suratan 1384 30 Jadi 1362 548 Law for personal affairs of military forces of the OG# 600 Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. 15 Daiwa 1364 I -L s1 C.s-,-AL.i 1 J j -',D,j OG# 634 31 Hamal 1366 240 OG# 714 1Hamal 1369 OG# 742 15 Suar 1370 OG# 749 | Page 14 of 24 I Annexure-Ill 31 Asad 1371 OG# 762 30 Dalwa 1370 OG# 767 31 Asad 1372 OG# 781 30 Asad 1374 l OG# 802 I ~28 Jawza I1381 30 Dalwai 1362 550 Law on Regulating Landholders Affairs 15 Asad 1363 563, Law of Areas Under Special Order in the Territory of 342 Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 792 Aqrab 1363 570 Statistic law of the Democratic Republic of OG#1378 '43 30 Afghanistan OGX 797 24 30 Daiwa 1363 576 Law on valuation and price control 44 ejiJ4iS j 5z1i5 i-|.,; vi-u 1380 589 OG# 753 1 Saratan 1364 584 Law on power of local bodies and State owned OG# 31 Asad 1364 15 Mezan 1370 45 bodies of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. OG# 753 18 Suratan 586 Law of Election for Local Jirgas (Councils) of 15 Mezan 1370 46 1364 Peoples Representatives of Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. ' C4-eLIe.cA. & A L-I 4s, L? 5i OG# 787 31 Sunbulla 591 Law on method of publication and entry into force 1376 1364 of the legislative documents of the Revolutionary 47 Council and the Ministers Council of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. 1 , C U jjj 1JJ j ISjYL A9 1W'A^ Vi OG# 688 48 16 Halmal 1365 604 Law of Military crimes Hamal 1368 20 Asad 1365 Ls v j_i- 15 OG# 764 15 Suar 1365 606 Law on citizenship of the Democratic Republic of 29 Hoot 1370 49 Afghanistan I __ .Lu C3t1 OG# 786 30 Quas 1365 622 Law on Reviewing fiscal/financial differences and 1378 50 the office of State litigation Law ______i______j1_A b1.)Ij Liu _ _ See OG# 624 15 Jadi 1365 623 Law of General prosecutor/Attorney SARANWALI Republic of Afghanistan 29 Jadi 1365 51 of the Democratic OG# 674 31 Sunbula 1367 OG# 793 52 30 Quas 1365 623 Law of police v i- 1379 .__- . 29 Jadi 1365 624 Law of General prosecutor/Attorney SARANWALI 53 of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan I _ 3Ij)t ,,j __ 10 Dalwa 1365 625 Law on evaluation procedure of proposal, 254 applications and complains ______J __ __jc 4 i- L,t;|- a.)&u u _ OG# 784 55 30 Daiwa 1365 627 Law of defense attorneys of the Democratic 1376 - Republic of Afghanistan l 3 Page 15 of 24 I I Annexure-IIl I OG# 786 1376 OG# 795 15 Hoot 1365 628 Law for protection of Nature 6. u 1379 15 Hamal 1366 631 Law of Tax on Deeds and Administrative State 157 Documents -, ,C.u6:c j ______OG# 774 on Private Domestic and Foreign Investment in OG# 653 27 Hamal 1366 633 Law Suar 1374 the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. 2 Quas 1366 16 Z 4 t)j9-ju (paragraph 2, 8 J.8 t.- gjt L Y )I article 12) OG# 794 10 Suratan 639 Law on expropriation of land 1379 1366 OG# 668 OG# 733 25 Suratan 641 Law of Political Parties Jw'; 31 Jawza 1367 29Jadi 1369 260 1366 uyl9 654 OG# 752 Asad 1366 644 Law of General Military Obligation in Democratic OG# 31 1 Mezan 1370 Republic of Afghanistan. 15 Quas 1366 rS~ - .- ~ Ct.M< ,OG# 683 30 Jadi 1367 OG# 687 15 Hoot 1367 OG# 688 15 Hamal 1368 OG# 704 30 Aqrab 1368 OG# 709 61 15 Dalwai 1368 OG# 743 31 Suar 1370 (Subparagraph 8, paragraph 1,Art. 41) OG# 746 15 Suratan 1370 (Paragraph 4, Art. l 12) OG# 697 OG# 790 1 Jawza 1366 645 Labor Law of the Republic of Afghanistan. *li,IU-l L tjS 15 cjU 15 Asad 1368 1378 OG# 670 30 Jadi 1370 62 (Art. 104) OG# 773 Hamal 1374 _ _31 OG# 784 15 Sunbula 646 Law for the Procedure of Obtaining rights. oo :i Vli 1376 63 1366 OG# 786 ___1378 ______OG# 795 Sunbuala 647 Law for plants quarantine services in the 31 1379 64 1366 Democratic Republic of Afghanistan __ I) -ju 30 Mezan 1366 649 Law on crimes against internal and external of 265 security issues of the Democratic Repulic 65 Afghanistan Page 16 of 24 I- Annexure-IIl | 15 Jadi 1366 656 Law on privileges and rights of cadre and experts of universities, academies, faculties and armed 66 military forces of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan OG# 769 29 Jadi 1366 657 Law of press OG# 609 cjSA 'j 15 Dalwai 1368 16 Mezan 1373 67__ OG# 795 15 Daiwa 1366 658 Law on regulating land relations OG# 742 .- ?4"JYC O 15 Suar 1370 (Art. 1379 68 96) r _ 30 Daiwa 1366 659 Law for personal affairs of noncommissioned OG# 668 officers 31 Jawzai 1367 - , , ;. , , OG# 684 269 16 Dalwai 1367 OG# 724 31 Sunbula 1369 270 30 Hoot 1366 662 Law on chambers of commerce 733 OG# 790 1 Jawza 1367 666 Law of State Employees (State Civil Servants) OG# i:141 J.):i^Ls zi-4 29 Jadi 1369 1378 (Paragraph 2, Art, 22) OG# 737 30 Hoot 1369 OG# 749 31 Asad 1370 OG# 754 30 Mezan 1370 (Art. 24 & 25) 71 OG# 758 30 Quas 1370 (Art. 51) OG# 766 16 Asad 1372 OG# 767 31 Asad 1372 OG# 771 15 Aqrab 1373 OG# 773 15 Hamal 1374 OG# 774 16 Suar 1374 -_ Law of Passport. OG# 793 72 15 Asad 1367 671 ______1379 OG# 797 15 Sunbulla 673 law of medals, Insignia/emblem and Honorary OG# 685 1380 1367 Titles of the Republic of Afghanistan 30 Dalwai 1367 1 8 c&h 7Jis ., Jjvl JluL OG# 696 31 Suratan 1368 OG# 704 273 30 Aqrab 1368 OG# 718 31 Jawza 1369 OG# 734 3 Page 17 of 24 I _ _ _ Annexure-Ill 15 Dalwa 1369 OG# 754 30 Mezan 1370 781 _OG# p 30 Asad 1374 l _ 31 Sunbula 674 Law of cadastre survey of the Republic of 74 1367 Afghanistan I,, C J1. , Ou _ _ _ 738 31 Sunbula 674 Law of prosecutors (saranwal,) OG# 687 OG# 75 10 Hamal 1370 1367 U-Ijj9 15 Hoot 1367 OG# 739 15 Mezan 1367 675 Law on organizational structure (Tashkil) and OG# 687 1370 76 authority/power of the Courts in Republic of 15 Hoot 1367 11 Hama: OG# 688 # 6 Afghanistan I hamal 1368 OG# 797 277 29 Mezan 1367 676 Law of the Salaries of State High Ranking OG# 762 Officials 30 Dalwa 1370 1380 7 30 Quas 1367 680 law of homeland defense troops ci= . L U 30 Quas 1367 680 law of Revolutionary Soldiers OG# 695 9>i 15 Suratan 1368 OG# 733 29 Jadi 1369 l_ 797 20 Jadi 1367 682 Law on Council of Constitution OG# 750 OG# LrLICjjij ;I-)J" aA 16 Sunbula 1370 1380 (Art. 4) GO# 751 80 31 Sunbula 1370 (Art. 3 and Paragraph 2, Art. 9) 797 30 Jadi 1367 683 Law of Flag and State emblem of the Republic of OG# 735 OG# Afghanistan. 30 Dalwa 1369 1380 L3.jj vu OG#767 31 Asad 1372 8) 81 (Art. I& OG# 783 1376 (Art.1 & 8) OG# 788 1378 15 Hoot 1367 686 Law on procedure of spending military obligation OG# 687 period for graduators of Higher Medical and 15 Hoot 1367 82 medium medical institution inside and out side the country 283 31 Hoot 1367 687 Law of emergency condition OG# 773 84 14 Suar 1368 690 Law of prohibition of hoarding au , ,u 31 Hamal 1374 14 Suar 1368 690 Law on Rights and Privileges of the internal opposition Commandants who joins to the Policy 85 of National Reconciliation/Nation Compromise IS iIl, jalq Page 18 of 24 l Annexure-Ill 25 Suar 1368 | 691 Law on election of Loya Jerga Tj-OG# 756 I286 286 <~llt ji |30 Aqrab 1370 5 Suar 1368 691 Law on research centers, Higher Educational | Institutions and Islamic Research Centers OG# 795 2 30 Sunbulla 1368 700 Law of Private Investment for the Building, 1379 2 developing and Fertilization of State Virgin Lands I289 18 Agrab 1368 703 Law of Higher Education Civil Institutes 30 Harnal 1368 714 Law on social Institutions of the Republic of OG# 762 Afghanistan 30 Dalwa 1370 7290 5) M Ir 2; a5=Sj A jL3L-)Ai (Art. 3, 4 & 31 Asad 1369 722 Law on principles of Civil Procedure Courts of the 1291 Republic of Afghanistan. i ixil .sJ-* L'3 L>a ZL5 J-- ':)-i OG# 794 15 Jadi 1369 732 Law of Municipalities. OG# 742 i Ijc l 0 15 Suar 1370 179 OG# 746 29 1370 292 15 Suratan GO# 751 1370 29 - - 31 Sunbula Law of political parties OG# 812 29 Jadi 1369 733 26 Mezan 1382 293 ______294 Law of Referendum and Plebiscite. OG# 735 (L3. I J) '4. -? -)-I j L)J l *,J j4 30 Daiwa 1369 j_294 OG# 786 10 hamal 1370 738 Law of organization and authorities of General OG# 773 1374 1378 295 Prosecutor Office (Saranwali) 15 Hamal Y -NJ &Zi-,- OG# 785 9 11 Hamal 1370 739 Law on Organization and Authority of Courts L- . Ci _ _ , ___ 1376 296g 1 OG# 793 297 31 Hamal 1370 741 Law on campaign against drug/ Anti Drug Law 7I , d;4J .jj, 1379 2 31 Suar 1370 743 Law of State Owned Enterprises aj-) ya i 16 Sunbula 1370 750 Law of Military obligation on medical graduated students of Higher Domestic and Foreign 299 Educational institutions 1 I A.~ JAj (f. .C f bJJ. 1A } J ~ 16 Sunbula 1370 750 Law on campaign against disasters in Democratic 300 Republic of Afghanistan I r t14 C ajs I Mezan 1370 752 Law of General Military Obligation in Democratic 301 Republic of Afghanistan. 793 1370 753 Law on local Administration. OG# 302 15 Mezan _____ 1379 303 15 Aqrab 1370 755 Law on utilization of water resources _i tiLUA91 CjL_O OG# 796 15 Aqrab 1370 755 Law on remuneration and privileges of Cadeers 1380 304 of the Teacher Training and Islamic Higher Educational Institutes of 24 | Page 19 I1 Annexure-II 15 Dawla 1370 761 Law of Hunting and Preserving Wild Life OG4 795 Lr05 ______1379 15 Dawla 1370 761 Law on establishment of self sufficient entities for and handicaps 306 disables 3 1 ()l j CAI*-~,J L! Y $ L-2o- L;tA .14 &L) 17 Hoot 1370 763 Law of Limiting Death Sentence Writ in the 307 Republic of Afghanistan Afghanistan OG# 792, r 29 Hoot 1370 764 Law of citizenship in Republic of tI 308 9-4,DUW 1378 17 Hamal 1371 765 Law on division of graduates of the High Civil OG# 792 Institutions of the Republic of Afghanistan 1378 l .: G L J- . iJ.. e:-,ta.. Q ii OGY 800 10 16 Mesan 1373 769 Press Law IS Hoot 1380 OG4 794 3 31 Hamal 1374 773 Law on Prevention of Hoarding L<.Il e si1379 16 Suar 1374 774 Law of Private Domestic and Foreign Investment OG# 797 12 in Islamic State of Afghanistan 1380 l L1 J Li*|>5 2 t &AuY _ 16 Aqrab 1373 770 Money and Banking law of the Islamic State of OG# 819 13 Afghanistan 30 Dalwai 1382 a~i'l u'I1 L5jta5J- j j J, ,yti OG# 797 14 15 Asad 1374 780 Law of Inspection and Control J i1380 30 Asad 1374 781 Law of property dealers OG# 783 Lsj aj0 1376 OG# 785 15 1376 OG# 837 9 Mezan 1383 16 15 Hamal 1375 782 Law of Mines in Islamic State of Afghanistan. ,16_ _ : ,l ;lp , - ,XU .__ 17 1376 784 Law of Procedure for Obtaining rights ,____ - J 6; _ _ 786 Law on regulating the Affairs of the Defense OG# 788 See OG# 18 1376 784 Attomeys 1378 19 1376 784 Law on State Litigation 1376 785 Law on Organization and Authority of Prosecutor 320 Office (Saranwali) 21 1378 786 Law of Government Litigation 786 Law on property dealers See OG# 22 1378 786 1378 323 1378 786 Law of Considering Applications OG# 822 -- Ij- aYJ i-'u 20 Hoot 1382 1378 786 Law on regulating the Affairs of defense attorneys OG# 786 24 LA, ylIfl 1378 ______O G # 822 Page 20 of 24 I I Annexure-IIl 20 Hoot 1382 OG# 854 ii 25 Jawza 1384 1378 786 Law on the Procedure of Obtaining Rights 26 1378 786 Law on Prosecutors (Samwali) 1378 787 Law on method of publication and enforcement of 27 legislative documents of the Islamic Emirate of *2 Afghanistan 1378 787 Law on remuneration and rights of the cadre OG# 797 members of the general presidency of legislation 1380 |28 affairs 1378 790 Law of Labor of the Islamic Emirate of _29 Afghanistan 1378 790 Law of the State Civil Servants OG# 794 30 30 u-,3wl L.-ZS o-l #.jJ^ D- 1379 l OG# 802 I 28 Jawza 1381 1378 792 Law on citizenship of Islamic Emirate of OG# 826 31 Afghanistan 10 Jawza 1382 1378 792 Law on residence and Travel of foreign subjects in 32 Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 1378 792 Law on price of Musadiqa documents in political |33 agencies and consulates representations of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan abroad 1378 792 Law on distribution of Graduates of Civil 34 Educational and Higher Education Institutions of the Islamic Emirate _- J JWA, &)aJ 35 1378 792 Law of statistics in Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan 1379 793 Law on police of the Islamic Emirate of 36 Afghanistan 337 1379 793 Law of census OG# 845 - I_J__- JI,, iL v 30 Hoot 1383 1 1379 793 Law on applying punishment in prisons OG# 852 ___ P__Ii 10 Jawza 1384 J39 1379 793 Law for local administrations A 0jl U aL'"____ v 1379 793 Law on prevention of smuggling 1379 793 Law of passport OG# 802 9 oJL sS 28 Jawza 1381 | - .(Art. 59 -62) | Page 21 of 24 l Annexure-IIl OG# 841 l 30 Aqrab 1383 OG= 813 1379 793 Law on campaign against Narcotics 9j 13 rab 1382 1379 794 Law of Municipality OG# 802 t 1379 794 Municipality Tax Law for city services 344J 'Jy.J UJ4 28 Jawza 1381 js5 1379 794 Law on expropriation of lands 5 1j379 79jU 6 1379 794 Law on prevention of hoarding 1379 795 Law on Jungles of the Islamic Emirate of 347 Afghanistan 1379 795 Law on regulation of the Landholders Affairs of 18 the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Cjj j 1 e.jl l - -,:jW iiLZU ,LSjali.3 1379 795 Law on protection of nature 1379 795 Law on plant quarantine services L3A - LIAL -jyVa 1379 795 Law on veterinary services 795 Law on protection and hunting of wild animals K2 1379 3 1379 795 Law of pastures 1380 796 Law of education (Mareef) 1380 796 Law on remuneration and privileges of Cadeers of the Teacher Training and Islamic Higher 55 Educational Institutes A :; I * 5j5w _j_ _j_ A_ _ _ _ _l _ci.dA Lk. jwj.1A 156 1380 797 Law on Council of the Ministers [ 6A~L-;-1 I- ajUI *j jy 1380 797 Law of the Main Principles of the Organization of the 7 and administrative Tasks of Ministries rt Islamic Emirate 358 1380 797 Law of Control and Inspection. 59 1380 797 Law on the constitutional Council 1380 797 Law on controlling and valuation of Price 60 and Flag OG# 802 r 1380 797 Law on insignia 28 Jawza 1381 OG# 804 161 22 Jadi 1381 OG# 806 31 Hamal 1382 l_ 3 Page 22 of 24 I Annexure-Ill domestic and foreign Investment 1OG# 803 62 1380 797 Law on Private , 20 Hamal 1381 1380 797 Law of Salary for Emirate's high ranking authorities F1380 797 Law of insignia, medals and honorary titles of the OG# 806 Islamic Emirate 31 Hamal 1382 OG# 831 3I Jawza 1383 65 1380 798 Law on tax of water pipe OG# 824 1380 800 Press law 66 18 Hoot Hamal 1383 20 H 10L o x r 15 -20 Hamal 1381 803 Law on foreign and Domestic investment in |367 Afghanistan. . ajlI A.?J V A_Jt _ ___ _ 368 22 Jadi 1381 804 Law of social institutions 369 22 Hoot 1381 805 Law of gatherings, strikes and demonstrations 370 26 Mezan 1382 812 Law of political parties 371 13 Aqrab 1382 813 Law on campaign against Narcotics 372 30 Qu p eec!ion T'-17 QuAL8 Bank 373 30 Jadi 1382 819 Law of the Da-Afghanistan 6 Jadi 1382 820 Interim Criminal Procedure Code for Courts 15 Hamal 1383 824 Law of Mass-Media L,_* . AL - _ _VU 31 Suar 1383 828 Law on Preservation of the Historic and Cultural 376 Heritage of Afghanistan OG# 850 10 Jawza 1383 829 Election Law ______IO__10 Suar 13 84 378 20 Quas 1383 838 Law on campaign against bribery and corruption L5),, &LA.b)JlJ -JjJu> C1 __U . 30 Mezan 1383 839 Law on campaign against financing Terrorism 10 Aqrab 1383 840 Law 0111 i iJUyigI-ayafns!moiey launarying and proceeds of crime 380 income -_- * j-. _jy J _,f 41 bJJjX V jI 3 Hamal 1384 846 Juvenile Code (Law of investigation on children 381 violations) 382 15 Hamal 1384 847 Customs Law 383 10 Saur 1384 850 Election Law 384 10 Jawza 1384 852 Law of Prisons and Detention Centers of 2 4v- IPage23 a ~Page 23 of 24 | I Annexure-IIl of the |31 Jawza 1384 Law on the Organization, Duties and Jurisdiction Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission. Ammunition and Explosives. '8 31 Jawza 1384 855 Law on Fire Arms, I 0- (Ai _i __ _j '86 , ~-)U 6 Suratan 1384 856 Public Finance and Expenditure Management Law. J J,u azojU t I ______Suratan 1384 857 NGOs Law *88 _ 15 (NGOs) ' Lj)8 ,i & Retirement i1350 Amendment actually amends the 31 Jawza 1348 amendment of the Empi., Prom. U However, Law of 17 Jadi 1333; this Law was repealed on 19 Hoot 1319 by the Civil Servants Law. The Two amendments are presumably in effect. l I l I l l l l I I I| Page 24 of 24 l I I I I ANNEXURE-IV I NEQS Pakistan I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I REVISED NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS) Background . PEPC in its first meeting held on 10th May 1993 approved the NEQS. . The approved NEQS were uniform standards applicable to all kind of industrial and municipal effluent. * There are 32 parameters prescribing permissible levels of pollutants in liquid effluent while 16 parameters for gaseous emission. . In April 1996, the PEPC set up an Environmental Standards Committee (ESC) headed by Mr. Shams Kasim Lakha to review, inter alia, the NEQS and suggest changes where necessary, based on conditions in Pakistan. * The committee realized that some of the parameters were more stringent than other countries of the region, so the task of the rationalization of NEQS was referred to an Expert Advisory committee to review and suggest changes, if and where required. . Before initiating the task, the Expert Committee was expanded to include representatives of trade and industry. * The Expert Committee identified ten parameters - eight (8) liquid effluent viz. BOD; COD; TDS; Chloride; Sulphide; Chromium; Ammonia; and Temperature, and two (2) review. gaseous emissions viz. SO2 (Sulphur di oxide) and Oxides of Nitrogen for . After consultation with various organizations the NEQS Expert Advisory Committee completed its task and proposed it to the ESC. * Finally after the Environmental Standards Committee endorsed the proposed revised NEQS, the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council was recommended to approve the revised draft NEQS. . In December 28, 1999. PEPC approved the revised NEQS. National Environmental Quality Standards for Municipal and Liquid Industrial Effluents (mgIL, Unless Otherwise Defined) Existing Revised Standards S.No Parameter Standards Into Into Into Sea6 Inland Sewage Water Treatment 5 =<3 °C 1. Temperature or Temperature 400C =<3 °C =< 3 ° C increase 6-10 pH 6 - 9 6 - 9 6 - 9 2. pH value 80** 3. 5-days Biochemical Oxygen 80 mg/I. 80 250 _ ___mg/I. _ ) at 20°C Demand (BOD1 400 4. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)' 150 mg/I. 150 400 solids 150 mg/I. 200 400 200 5. Total suspended 3500 6. Total dissolved solids 3500 mg/I. 3500 3500 and oil 10 mg/I. 10 10 10 7. Grease 0.3 8. Phenolic compounds (as phenol) 0.1 mg/I. 0.1 0.3 (as Cl) 1000 mg/I. 1000 1000 SC 9. Chloride 10 10. Fluoride (as F) 20 mg/l. 10 10 (as CN) total 2 mg/I. 1.0 1.0 1.0 11. Cyanide 20 An-ionic detergents' (as MBAS) 20 mg/I. 20 20 12. SC ) 600 mg/I. 600 1000 13. Sulphate (SO4 1.0 14. Sulphide (S) 1.0 mg/I. 1.0 1.0 (NH ) 40 mg/I. 40 40 40 15. Ammonia 3 0.15 16. Pesticides, herbicides, fungicides 0.15 mg/I. 0.15 0.15 and insecticides3 m m - m mm - m m National Environmental Quality Standards for Municipal and Liquid Industrial Effluents (mg/L, Unless Otherwise Defined) (Contd..) Existing Revised Standards S.No Parameter Standards Into Into Into Seat Inland Sewage Water Treatment 5 0.1 17. Cadmium' 0.1 mg/I. 0.1 0.1 1.0 18. Chromium 4 (trivalent and 1.0 mg/I. 1.0 1.0 hexavalent). 1.0 19. Copper4 1.0 mg/L. 1.0 1.0 0.5 20. Lead4 0.5 mg/I. 0.5 0.5 0.01 Mercuy4 0.01 mg/I. 0.01 0.01 21. 0.5 22. Selenium4 0.5 mg/I. 0.5 0.5 1.0 23. Nickel4 1.0 mg/l. 1.0 1.0 1.0 24. Silver4 1.0 mg/I. 1.0 1.0 2.0 25. Total toxic metals 2.0 mg/I. 2.0 2.0 5.0 26. Zinc 5.p mg/I. 5.0 5.0 1.0 27. Arsenic 1.0 mg/I. 1.0 1.0 1.5 28. Barium 1.5 mg/I. 1.5 1.5 8.0 29. Iron 2.0 mg/I. 8.0 8.0 1.5 30. Manganese 1.5 mg/I. 1.5 1.5 6.0 31. Boron 6.0 mg/l. 6.0 6.0 1.0 32. Chlorine 1.0 mg/I. 1.0 1.0 Explanations attract progressively 1. Summing minimum dilution 1:10 on discharge, lower ratio would Prote.ction Agency. By stringent standards to be determined by the Federal Environmental treated effluent the 1:10 dilution means for example, that for each one cubic meter of of this effluent. recipient water body should have 10 cubic meter of water for dilution 2. Modified Benzene Alkyl Sulphate; assuming surfactant as bio-degradable. 3. Pesticides herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. 4. Subject to total toxic metal discharge as at S. No.25 and BOD5=80 mg/I. is 5. Applicable only when and where sewage treatment is operational by the sewer treatment system. achieved or other important 6. Provided discharge is not at shore and not within 10 miles of mangrove estuaries of more than 3C at the edge of the * The effluent should not result in temperature increase body. In case zone zone where initial mixing and dilution take place in the receiving water is not defined, use 100 meters from the point of discharge. ** The value for industry is 200 mg/I. to the NEQS limiting Note: Dilution of gaseous emissions and liquid effluents to bring them is not permissible through excess air mixing blowing in to the gaseous value into emissions or through fresh water mixing with the effluent before discharge environment. National Environmental Quality Standards for Industrial Gaseous Emissions (mg/Nm3, Unless Otherwise Defined) S.No. Parameter Source of emission Standards Revised Standards 1. Smoke Smoke opacity not to exceed:- 40% or 2 40% or 2 Ringlemann (Ringlemann Scale Scale). or equivalent smoke number 2. Particulate Matter' (a) Boilers and furnaces: 300 _ (I) Oil fired. 300 (ii) Coal fired. 500 500 (iii) Cement Kilns. 200 300 (b) Grinding, crushing, clinker coolers and related processes, metallurgical processes, 500 500 convertors, blast furnaces and cupolas. 3. Hydrogen Chloridez Any. 400 400 4. Chlorine Any. 150 150 5. Hydrogen Fluoridez Any. 150 150 6. Hydrogen Sulphide Any. 10 10 7. Sulphur Oxides Sulfuric Acid / Sulfuric Acid Plants. 400 5000 4 Others Plants. 3 400 1700 8. Carbon Monoxide4 Any. 800 800 National Environmental Quality Standards for Industrial Gaseous Emissions (mg/Nm3, Unless Otherwise Defined) (Contd..) Standards S.No. Parameter Source of emission Standards Revised 50 9. Lead 2 Any. 50 10. Mercury 2 Any. 10 10 11. Cadmium 2 Any. 20 20 12. Arsenic 2 Any. 20 20 13. Copper 2 Any. 50 50 20 14. Antimony 2 Any. 20 15. Zinc 2 Any. 200 200 16. Oxides of Nitrogen (i) Nitric Acid manufacturing unit. 400 3000 (NOx) 4 (ii) Gas fired 400 400 (iii) Oil fired 600 (iv) Coal fired 1200 Explanations: 1. Based on the assumption that the size of the particles is 10 microns or more. 2. Any source. 3. Based on 1% sulphure content in fuel oil. Higher content of sulphure will cause standards to be pro-rated. coal as fuel shall, in addition to National 4. In respect of emissions of sulphure dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the power plants operating on oil or Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) specified above, comply with the following standards. Sulphur Dioxide Sulphur Dioxide Background Levels Standards (uglm3) Criterion I Criterion II Background Air Annual Max. 24 Max. SO2 Emission Max. allowable Quality Average hours ground level (SO2 Basis) Interval (Tons per day per Increment to ambient Plant) (ugIIm3) (One year average) 50 Unpolluted < 50 < 200 500 Moderately Polluted * 50 Low 50 200 500 10 High 100 400 100 10 Very Polluted ** > 100 > 400 100 should be used. * For intermediate values between 50 and 100 ug/m3 linear interpolations ** No project with sulphure dioxide emissions will be recommended. Nitrogen Oxide Ambient air concentrations of nitrogen oxides, expressed as N02, should not exceed the follow Annual Arithmetic Mean 100 ug/m3 (0.05 ppm) Emission levels for stationary sources discharges, before mixing with the atmosphere, should be maintained as follows:- For fuel fired steam generations, as nanogram (10E-9 gram) per joule of heat input: Li uid fossil fuel 130 Solid fossil fuel 300 Lignite fossil fuel 260 National Environmental Quality Standards for Motor Vehicle Exhaust and Noise S.No Parameter Standards (maximum Measuring method I_permissible limit) 1. Smoke 40% or 2 on the Ringlemann Scale To be compared with Ringlemann Chart at a or equivalent smoke number at distance of 6 meters or more. end of exhaust pipe during engine acceleration mode. 2. Carbon Emission Standards: Monoxide. New Used Vehicles. Vehicles. Under idling conditions. Non dispersive 4.5 % 6 % infrared detection through gas analyzer. 3. Noise. 85 db (A). Sound-meter at 7.5 meters from the source. 10 year or older model. I I I IANNEXURE-V I WHO Drinking Water Quality Guidelines I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Annexure-V WHO GUIDELINES VALUES FOR DRINKING WATER QUALITY Sr. Parameter Unit WHO Maximum No. allowable Guideline values 1 pH 6.5-9.5 2 Temperature UC 3 Color TCU 15 4 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/l 1000 5 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l 6 Taste & Odor Objectionable/unobj- 500 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l ml 8 Total Coliform Number/lOOml 10/1000 ml 9 E-Coli Number/1 00ml 0/100 50 10 Nitrate (as N0 3 ) mg/l 11 Ammonia mg/l 12 Arsenic mg/l 0.01 5 13 Turbidity NTU 14 Calcium Harness as CaCO3 mg/l 15 Magnesium as CaCO3 mg/l - 16 Chloride mg/l 250 17 Fluoride mg/l 1.5 400 1 18 Sulphate mg/i 19 Iron mg/1 0.3 20 Sodium mg/l 200 21 Iodine mg/l _--- 5.0 22 Zinc mg/I Page I of I I I I I AN N EXU RE-VI I Establishment of Environmental Laboratory by NEPA I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Annexure-VI ESTABLISHMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY BY NEPA Establishment of Environmental Laboratory BY NEPA is recommended keeping in view the requirement of environmental testing to be carried out in future for subject project as well as anticipated other projects. This laboratory will be established at NEPA headquarter in Kabul. The following laboratory staff can handle the EMP activities: Table - 1: Suggested Laboratory Staff Nos._. Sr. Nos. # Position Education Required Details Laboratory 3 One each with Chemistry, Physics and 1 Manager Master of Science biology degree. Laboratory Bachelor of 1 2 Technician Science 3 Helpers Metric 3 Note: The above staff shall get three months training program in Pakistan in Environmental Laboratory Techniques. LABORATORY EQUIPMENT /APPARATUS The following major laboratory equipment /apparatus are required to carry out the monitoring and testing: Table - 2: Suggested Equipment & Estimated Prices Sr Item Quantity/Number Estimated 5 .Price Afg. 1 HACH DR/2010 Spectrophotometer 1 No. 700,000 2 COD Reactor 1 No. 200,000 3 BOD Reactor 1 No 300,000 4 pH meter mobile 3 No 100,000 5 Dissolved Oxygen Meter 1 No. 200,000 6 Conductivity Meter mobile 1 No 300,000 Page 1 of 2 Annexure-VI Sr Item Quantity/Number Estimated I Price Afg. 7 Incubator 200C 1 No 250,000 8 Glass apparatus -Volumetric A grade Lump sum 250,000 9 Chemicals A.R. grade and special Lump sum-for 2years 300,000 suiting the above items 1,2 and 3 supply 10 Stack Gases Monitoring Equipment 1 No. 550,000 11 Ambient Air Monitoring Equipment 1 No 900,000 12 Mobile Weather Station 1 No 700,000 13 Noise Level Meter 1 No 250,000 14 Oven (Temperature Control) 1 No 300,000 15 Particulate matter Monitoring 1 No 1,000,000 Equipment 16 Miscellaneous Items Lump sum 800,000 Total 7,100,000 LABORATORY FURNISHING A sum of about Afg 1,250,000/- may be provided to furnish the laboratory. LITERATURE A sum of Afg. 500,000/- may be reserved for purchasing the necessary books and other literature related to the environment testing and management. Page 2 of 2 I I I AN NEXU RE-VI I I TOR for Broader Social Assessment I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I TOR for Broader Social Assessment Introduction Afghanistan with ethically diverse population of 28 million is coming together around the a goal of national unity. Afghanistan is transforming an economy that passed through communist regime, and the extremist Taliban regime in succession. Afghanistan in Government is business friendly and trying its best to attract foreign investors to invest Afghanistan for the betterment of national economy. of Afghanistan Investment Support Agency (AISA) was formed after the approval investors investment law. The main problems being faced by Afghanistan to attract the land titling and almost non-existing basic infrastructure. AISA is setting up are the basic Industrial Parks at suitable location which will provide undisputed land and are infrastructural facilities. Development of Kamari and Hissar-e-Shahi Industrial Parks occurs the part of these projects. AISA wants that the development of proposed projects projects. with due regard of the environmental and social concerns associated with these projects. A detailed environmental impact assessment has already been done for these which During the socio-economic survey for EIA, various social concerns were identified the need a full scale social assessment. Social assessment should be carried out at detailed design stage of the project. Project Background new Current situation of Afghanistan is unattractive for investors due to lack of title to land. Lack of access to land discourages existing investors to make new investments. the Prevalent conditions Prohibit new investors, especially foreigners from entering market for The recent surveys have identified access to land as one of the major constraints investment. In Response to land and infrastructure constraints faced by investors. to the Industrial Parks Serve as important tool for attracting investors and are integral is economic growth These Industrial Parks provides access to land with clear title which with crudial for Private Sector. Therefore, the development of these Industrial Parks clean title can be easily used as collateral to generate the financial resources investment One of the steps in that direction is setting up of Industrial Estates and units to meet the growing demand of Industrial entrepreneurs in Kabul and Jalalabad to support of development of job opportunities and industrial establishment for rehabilitation long thousands of families rendered homeless and jobless due traumatic experience of drawn out war and peculiar law and order situation prevalent in the past. Hissar-e-Shahi Industrial Park The Hissar-e-Shahi Industrial Park proposed over an area of 200 ha is located at about be 25 km from Jalalabad City on north side of main highway to Torkham. The area can categorized as hilly terrain with gradual slopes and few undulations over the proposed site. The proposed industrial park will be comprised of following basic industries: Light engineering Food processing Leather garments Carpet cutting, washing and finishing Major components of the project are all the infrastructure facilities such as road network, provision of public utilities, storm water drainage, and water supply, collection of wastewater, wastewater treatment plant, solid waste management system and provision of electricity. The villages around Hissar-e-Shahi Site are listed below; Hissar-e-Shahi Camp Kabul Camp Chora Gali Nachaabad Following are the pressing needs or major concerns shown by the local community during public consultations/scoping sessions during the EIA studies: * Availability of Pure Drinking Water * Employment Opportunities During the Construction and Operation phase of the project * Hospital & Health Facilities * High School * Macadamised Access Roads Kamari Industrial Park The proposed Kamari industrial park site is located in Bagrami District in Kabul Province, at a distance of about 10 km east of Kabul on the Kabul - Jalalabad road just beyond the existing Bagrami Industrial Park. It spreads over 134 Hectares and has a square shape. The proposed industrial park comprised of following industries: * Light engineering * Food processing * Leather garments * Carpet Weaving Bagrami is a war affected District. It is located in the East of Kabul and is accessible through road. Kamari Industrial Park is a 30 minutes drive from the centre of Kabul. The villages in the Study area of Kamari Industrial Park are given below: Karez Bakar Daminah Hussain Khel Qala Mohsin Kamari Village Arzan Kemat Following are the pressing needs or major concerns shown by the local community during public consultations/scoping sessions carried out as a part of EIA studies: * Labour Opportunities * Hospital & Health Facilities * High School * Macadamised Roads * Water for Drinking and Irrigation Objectives verify (SA) through participatory planning has specific functions to Social Assessment in the EIA report to the social issues and impacts on affected populations as identified implementation. This study improve their quality of life and a strategy for participatory of the proposed Two should be carried out to ensure that the social implications clearly communicated to the Industrial Parks Project have been identified, analyzed and decision makers. this target, the broad objective is to identify, develop and incorporate In order to achieve means of into project design, implementation and monitoring as a social measures all aspects of and addressing direct and indirect social outcomes through identifying stage of project execution. This process needs to be carried out at each project to carry out the detailed preparation namely design and implementation stage. In order to be provided as part of the assessments at various stages a detailed work-plan needs activities and outputs to inception report. The following provides specifies objectives, complete the Social Assessment process: Specific Objectives analysis and Assessment is an approach for incorporating social * Social The specific participatory processes into project design and implementation. objectives of the Social Assessment are: analysis to identify * To carry out a social, cultural and political/institutional potential social impacts of the proposed project due to the implementation. Assessment activities for * To screen social development issues and scope Social design and implementation stage specific with each industry. to the monitoring To ensure that results of the Social Assessment provide inputs * of project outcomes of project impacts during implementation and the evaluation at completion. stage including provide inputs to the project design at the detailed design * To and training specific recommendations for preparing social policy framework needs of the locals specific to each industry. includes a detailed Social Development and Management Plan that * Develop and displaced comprehensive mitigation measures to ensure that the affected to assist them to persons are appropriately resettled and rehabilitated i.e. to restore them, in real improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least terms. social impacts, develop * Assess the current capacity for management of Industrial Park Project institutional arrangements for Hissar-e-Shahi and Kamari and formulate a training and capacity building plan for future. Construction Stage ensuring of social impacts and assessment of their magnitude and * Verification in the design. the incorporation of mitigation measure for those potential impacts design altematives, Consultation with stakeholders on matters regarding project * provide specific implementation of social mitigation measures and recommendations with high social risks, including presence of significant common property that may require adjustment in detailed design of project. * Consultation with the community on matters regarding measures to promote female employment, identifying specific training needs and strategies to control child labour. * Assessment of the capacity of institution and mechanism for implementing social risk management instruments and review of recommended capacity building measures. * Development of monitoring and evaluation mechanism to assess social development outcomes. Operational Stage The Social Assessment will take into account the affected populations to formulate and develop strategies in order to assist in determining project impacts on the social, economic, cultural, and livelihood activities of these communities. This will establish a social baseline against which changes resulting from the intervention can be measured in the future. Following types of activities are suggested but are not limited: * Carry out market surveys and focus group consultation with different social groups including women to prepare socially, technically and economically feasible income generations schemes including skill up gradation plans. * Identify the land and prepare a plan for relocation in consultation with the project displaced people belonging to different social groups including women and local administration. * Estimate of land required that will be affected by zone of impact, economic rehabilitation and review investigation measures adopted in project area for all types of activities related to project such as air and noise effect, water network, approach roads and other civil works. * Carry out meaningful public consultations (separate consultations with women) if possible with project affected people and other stakeholders on the types of social risk management measures to ensure that the proposed mitigation measures are feasible to assist people to improve their lots. Setting up mechanisms for community participation to develop priorities and to ensure consultation with project affected people and dialogues with government officials from various departments, to make recommendations on measures necessary to mitigate adverse impacts and enhance social outcomes. * The social and economic benefits received by affectees should be consistent with their cultural preferences and decided in consultation with affected communities. * While doing the (SA) of the Project Area also check the measures to promote female employment, identify specific training needs required and also develop strategies to control child labour. * Assess institutional capacity and propose the institutional arrangement for implementation of social management plan and ensuring gender equity and identify the roles and responsibilities of each agency. Develop a training program based on the assessment of the capacity of the implementing agency. * To develop a time schedule to implement the action plan that synchronizes with civil works. * Conduct risk assessment for proposed mitigation measures and develop a risk assessment framework. * Develop an inventory of Project Affected Households and families to enable monitoring and identify monitoring parameters. Deliverables to the Client * Inception Report: The Consultant will submit an inception report confirming the methodology to be adopted for the study after consulting this EIA report. The development schedule of personnel, a schedule of site visits to be carried out and a reporting schedule, within a fixed time from the date of beginning of the assignment. The consultants may need to carry out a reconnaissance survey before submitting the inception report. * Social Assessment Report * Database inventory of Direct and Indirect Affectees of project for future monitoring with a specified zone of impact. l I APPENDIX-A I I I I I I I I I I Il- I I I I I I I Appendix-A A-1 Laboratory Analysis Report of Water Sample from Omar Training Center Sr. No. |Parameter Unit Result I WHO Maximum allowable Guideline values I pH -- 7.47 6.5-9.5 2 Temperature °C 30 3 Color TCU 0 -15 4 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/I 300 1000 5 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mgO 0 6 Taste & Odor -- Ok Objectionable/unobj- 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 39 500 8 Total Coliform Number/lOOml 0 10/1000 ml - 9 E-Coli - Number/lOOml 0 T 0/100 ml 10 Nitrate (as N03-) mg/I 1.8r 50 11 Ammonia mg/l 0.08 - 12 Arsenic mg/I N.D. 0.01 13 Turbidity -- NTU 0 - 5 14 Calcium Harness as CaCO3 smg/l 18 - 15 Magnesium as CaCO3 I mg/l 21 16 Chloride mg/I 9 250 17 Fluoride -- mg/I 0.05 I 1.5 18 Sulphate I mg/ . 48 - 400 19 Iron - mg/l 0.09 0.3 20 Sodium - - _-_--_ mg/I 5 200 ----- 21 Iodine - - -g/l N.D. { ------22 Zinc mg/I 0.07 J5 N.D.-Not Detected Source: Hand Pump Page 1 of 4 Appendix-A A-2 Laboratory Analysis Report of Water Sample from Damina Sr. No. Parameter Unit Result WHO Maximum allowable Guideline values _I_ pH -- 76 6.5-9.5 2 Temperature °C 30 Il 3 Color TCU N.D t. 15 4 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) - mg/i 340 - 1000 5 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) - mg/ 0 6 Taste & Odor -- Obj.* _ Objectionable/unobj- 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 78 500 8 Total Coliform Number/100mil 30 10/1000 ml 9 - E-Coli - _ -- - Number/100ml 20 0/100 ml - 10 Nitrate (as NO3 ) mg/I i 1.1 50 11 Ammonia mg/I 0.09 12 Arsenic --mg/I 0.001 0.01 13 Turbidity NTU 0 l 5 14 Calcium Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 52 15 Magnesium Hardness as CaCO3 mg/I 36 16 Chloride -_-______mg/l 37 250 17 Fluoride - mg/I 0.09 1.5 18 Sulphate - _-_- mg/I 120 400 19 Iron mg/] 0.02 0.3 20 Sodium mg/I 9 - 200 --- 21 Iodine -mg/I N.--D. --- 22 Zinc mg/I 0.1 5 N.D.-Not Detected Source: Hand Pump Page 2 of 4 m m m m m m m m m m m m - - m m m m Appendix-A A-3 Laboratory Analysis Report of Water Sample from Oila Mohsin Sr. No. Parameter Unit Result WHO Maximum allowable Guideline values 1 pH - 7.4 6.5-9.5 2 Temperature °C 30 3 Color TCU N.D. 15 4 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/I 250 1000 5 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/I 0 6 Taste & Odor - --- ok Objectionable/unobj- 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 46 500 8 Total Coliform Number/t00ml 150 10/1000 ml -- -- 9- E-Coli -- _---- Number/lOOml 120 0/100 ml 10 Nitrate (as N03-) mg/I 1.4 50 11 Ammonia mg/l 0.03 12 Arsenic mg/l 1 0.001 0.01 13 Turbidity NTU 0 5 14 Calcium mg/I 26 15 Magnesium mg/I 20 --- 16 Chloride mg/I - 15 4 250 17 Fluoride mg/l 0.03 1.5 18 Sulphate __ mgQ 140 400 19 Iron mg/I 0.01 0.3 20 Sodium mg/l -6 200 21 Iodine mg/l - N.D. __ ------22 Zinc mg/l 0.09 5 N.D.-Not Detected Source: Karaze Page 3 of 4 Appendix-A A-4 Laboratory Analysis Report of Ground Water Sample from Damina Sr. No. Parameter Unit Result| WHO Maximum allowable Guideline values -I pH_--_--__ 8 6.5-9.5 2 Temperature °C 32.1 3 Color TCU 3 15 4 - Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/I 330 1000 5 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/l I 6 Taste & Odor - Ok Objectionable/unobJ- 7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/i 100 500 8 Total Coliform Number/1OOml 0 -10/1000 ml 9 E-Coli Number/100mnI 0 I 0/100 ml 50 10 Nitrate (as N0 3 ') mg/I 1.2 I I Ammonia mg/I 0.17 12 Arsenic - | mg/l N.D. 0.01 13 Turbidity -- _- _ _-__NTU-- 2 5 14 Calcium --mg/l 55 --- 15 Magnesium mg/I 45 -- 16 Chloride - _____mg/l_170 250 17 Fluoride mg/ 0.01 1.5 18 mg/I 76 400 - _19 Iron_-_- mgl 0.02 0.3 20 Sodium mg/l 22 200 221 Iodine__ mg/l N.D. ---- 22 Zinc mg/l l 0.28 5 N.D.-Not Detected Location: Near Site *slightly obj. Page 4 of 4 Appendix-A A-5 Ambient Gaseous Monitored Data (A) Monitored Data Regarding Ambicnt Gases at IProposed Industrial Park Site SO 2 NO 2 CO 3 Reference Point Date Time hours | g- - _ -- g/ I -- (Gtg/ ) - Ggm.g/m ) Proposed Site---AD 30/7/06 930 51.4 49.2 L 790 Proposed Site---D 30/7/06 1000 48.6 47.1 765 Proposed Site---CD 30/7/06 1030 l 45.7 43.1 720 - Proposed Site---A 30/7/06 1100 51.4 49.2 790 Proposed Site---AB 30/7/06 1130 48.6 47.1 770 ProposedSite---B 30/7/06 1145 45.7 45.1 740 Proposed Site---BC 30/7/06 1200 45.7 43.1 710 Proposed Site---Aa 31/7/06 1000 51.4 47.1 745 Proposed Site---Bb 31/7/06 1030 48.6 45.1 730 Proposed Site---Cc 31/7/06 1130 45.7 41 740 Proposed Site---Dd 31/7/06 1200 45.7 43.1 - 735 Proposed Site---C 31/7/06 1230 48.6 45.1 l 760 -- -- - m - m m ------Appendix-A A-6 (B) Monitored Data Regarding Ambient Gases Along Main Road Passing Near the Site Reference Point Date Time hours 1 SO2 NO2 CO Gtg/m )3 (ng/tn) qtg/M3)- Road Side---1 30/7/06 1400 108.6 94 1355 Road Side---2 30/7/06 1430 111.5 90.2 1110 Road Side---3 30/7/06 1500 103 100.4 1060 Road Side---4 30/7/06 1530 100.1 | 94.3 1285 Road Side---5 30/7/06 1600 105.8 98.4 1195 Appendix-A A-7 Ambient Particulate Matter (PM) Monitored Data (A) Monitored Data Regarding PM at Proposed Industrial Park Site Reference Point Date Time hours Ambient Particulate l Matter (PM) ______i__ (1lg/m 3) Proposed Site---AD 28/07/06 935 166 Proposed Site---D 28/07/06 1000 - 1135- Proposed Site---CD 28/07/06 1035 l 143 Proposed Site---A 28/07/06 1110 137 Proposed Site---AB -28/07/06 1155 130 Proposed Site---B -28/07/06 1225 103 Proposed Site---BC 29/07/06 1510 98 Proposed Site---Aa 29/07/06 1530 92 Proposed Site---Bb 29/07/06 1620 86 Proposed Site---Cc 29/07/06 1655 99 Proposed Site---Dd 29/07/06 1705 | 93 Appendix-A A-8 Ambient Particulate Matter (PM) Monitored Data (A) Monitored Data Regarding PM at Proposed Industrial Park Site Reference Point Date 'Time Hours Ambient Particulate Matter (PM) (g/m 3) Road Side---1 31/7/06 1410 l 3344 Road Side---2 31/7/06 1440 1114 Road Side---3 31/7/06 1515 2738 3430 Road Side---4 31/7/06 1550 Road Side---5 31/7/06 l 1610 3289 Appendix-A Table A9: International Air Quality Standards Japan Pollutant USEPA Averaging GuWdeline Aver Standard Averaging Standard Time Time CO 35 ppm 1 houra 35 ppm 1 hour - NO, 53 ppb 1 year 106 ppb 1 hour - So,, 140 ppb 1 houra 134 ppb 1 hour - 3 3 PM, 0 150i g/m 24 hours' 70 pg/M 24 hours 200 pg/m3 1 hour a Notto be exceeded morethan once a year Table AIO: Noise Level Monitoring Results Sr. # Reference Point Date Time Leq 1 AD 28-07-2006 925hrs 41.37 29-07-2006 1000hrs 40.42 2 2D 28-07-2006 925hrs 35.49 29-07-2006 1025hrs 39.63 3 3CD 28-07-2006 1020hrs 35.14 29-07-2006 1050hrs 38.33 4 4A 28-07-2006 1030hrs 41.49 29-07-2006 111 Ohrs 39.69 5AB 28-07-2006 1050hrs 40.06 29-07-2006 1140hrs 41.2 6B 28-07-2006 1145hrs 36.1 29-07-2006 121 Ohrs 39.71 7 7BC 28-07-2006 1205hrs 36.96 29-07-2006 1255hrs 40.69 8C 28-07-2006 1245hrs 42.46 29-07-2006 1425hrs 41.43 9 9A 28-07-2006 1420hrs 40.59 a 29-07-2006 1500hrs 41.77 10 1OBb 28-07-2006 1435hrs 37.18 29-07-2006 1520hrs 40.62 1 11 Cc 28-07-2006 1455hrs 37.48 29-07-2006 1545hrs 41.08 28-07-2006 1505hrs 39.18 12 l2Dd 29-07-2006 1630hrs 43.1 13 13 Centel 28-07-2006 1525hrs 39.05 29-07-2006 1655hrs 41.47 14 Road Side--1 28-07-2006 1310hrs 67.56 15 Road Side--2 28-07-2006 1330hrs 51.2 16 Road Side--3 28-07-2006 1525hrs 72.34 17 Road Side--4 28-07-2006 1545hrs 64.5 18 Road Side--5 28-07-2006 1620hrs 71.48 '5 I PHOTOLOGS I I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I ,I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Plate 1: Military structure at Project Area Plate2: Nomad camp in the -- Project Area Plate 3: A destroyed tank at Project Area. .I ,,- .- .U-~ { : I -2-'. ; -Ij *-p-dLE'-- --TIB<.--*io>' .. e. tS Plate 4: Another view of Kamari Project Area - I. Plate 5: Another view of Military 3 Structure at Project Area. UV I Plate 6: View of Kamari Mountain -. Plate 7: Another view of Kamari Mountain Plate 8: View of Military Firing Area I * , b-..- -I -. Plate 9: View of Karaz Bakar I. W I-w f _ _ I ______,. Iv Iw Plate 10: Another view of Karaz Baker , J' ^ Plate 11: View of explosive stored j in the Project Area >' Plate~~-Viwo-xloiesoe 11 Plate 12: Explosive at Project AreaI I J. UPlate 13: View of Military Structure at Project Area * 9IIAI Plate 14: Houe-MinHngOar)in thei Plate 16: View of houses at Karaz Baker Plate 17: View of Kamari Mountain I~~ _____,____ Ua Plate 18: Graveyard near the Project Area Plate 19: Another view of graveyard Plate 20: Sheep's are grazing at Kamari Site Plate 21: Camels are grazing at Kamari Project Area Plate 22: Donkey's are grazing at Kamari Site Plate 23: A view of Public Consultation Plate 24: Public consultation at Karaz Baker q q Ib s .}1'- Al, I -t L;I- I I I I I I II I I I U 1