DOCSLIB.ORG

Color Plant 2.P65

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Color Plant 2.P65 AG 510 USDA-ARS-Forage and Range Research Lab, Logan, Utah, in conjunction with Utah State University Extension PLANTING GUIDE 105 Writers and Compilers Kevin Jensen, Howard Horton, Ron Reed, Ralph Whitesides, and USDA-ARS-FRRL Utah State University, Logan Utah. 435-797-3066, E-mail: [email protected] Contributors Extension Specialist – Robert Newhall, Plants, Soils, Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2183, E-mail: [email protected] Fertilization – Dr. Richard Koenig, Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2278, E-mail: [email protected] Irrigation – Dr. Robert Hill, Biology and Irrigation Engineering Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-1248, E-mail: [email protected] Weed Control – Dr. Steven Dewey, Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2256, E-mail: [email protected] Seed Quality – Dr. Stanford Young, Plants, Soils, and Biometeorology Dept. Utah State University, 435-797-2082, E-mail: [email protected] Riparian/Wetland Systems – Chris Hoag, Wettland Plant Ecologist, Interagency Riparian/Wetland Project, Plant Materials Center, USDA-NRCS, Aberdeen, Idaho Plant Materials Specialist and Riparian/Wetland Systems – Dan Ogle, USDA-NRCS, Boise, Idaho, 208-378-5730 Major References Consulted Cool-Season Forage Grass Monograph. 1996. Editors L.E. Moser, D.R. Buxton, and M.D. Casler. American Society of Agronomy Number 34. Alberta Forage Manual. 1992. Print Media Branch, Alberta Agriculture, 7000-113 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, T6H 5T6. Forages Volume 1: An Introduction to Grassland Agriculture. 1995. Editors R.F. Barnes, D.A. Miller, and C.J. Miller. Iowa State University Press. USDA, NRCS 1999. The PLANTS database (http://plants.usda.gov/plants). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. Holmgren, A.H., and N.H. Holmgren. 1977. Poaceae. In A.Cronquist, A.H. Holmgren, N.H. Holmgren, J.L. Reveal, and P.K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermountain Flora, vol. 6. Columbia Univ. Press, New York. Alderson, J., and W.C. Sharp. 1994. Grass Varieties in the United States. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 170. U.S. Gov. Print. Office, Washington, DC. Hitchcock, A.S. 1951. Tribe 3. Hordeae, p. 229-275. In Agnes Chase (ed.) Second Edition, Manual of the Grasses of the United States. U.S.D.A. Misc. Publ, 200. U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington DC. Forest Service-USDA-Range Plants Handbook. 1937. United States Government Printing Office, Washington DC. 106 INTERMOUNTAIN TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page Key to Planting Tables .............................................................................................................................2 Factors Affecting a Successful Seeding.................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Seed Quality ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Certified Seed .................................................................................................................................... 5 Establishing and Managing an Irrigated Pasture Seeding ....................................................................... 5 Time of Seeding ................................................................................................................................ 5 Seedbed Preparation ......................................................................................................................... 6 Seeding Depth.................................................................................................................................. 6 Equipment ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Choice of Plant Material ................................................................................................................... 6 Fertilization ....................................................................................................................................... 7 Irrigation ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Weed Control..................................................................................................................................... 8 Grazing Systems .............................................................................................................................. 10 Establishing and Managing a Rangeland and Dry Pastureland Seeding ................................................ 12 Time of Seeding .............................................................................................................................. 12 Seedbed Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 12 Seeding Depth................................................................................................................................. 13 Equipment ....................................................................................................................................... 13 Choice of Plant Material ................................................................................................................. 13 Fertilization ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Weed Control................................................................................................................................... 13 Grazing Systems .............................................................................................................................. 14 Establishing and Managing a Soil Stabilization Seeding ....................................................................... 14 Seeding Tables – Seeding Alternatives for Pastures of the Intermountain Region ................................ 15 Seeding Alternatives for Rangelands of the Intermountain Region ........................... 20 Seeding Alternatives for Stabilization Plantings in the Intermountain Region .........29 Establishment and Management of Riparian Wetlands .........................................................................33 Establishment and Management of Constructed Wetland Systems ......................................................40 Appendix A. Description of Species ...................................................................................................... 43 Characteristics of Grasses ............................................................................................................... 46 Characteristics of Grasslike Species (Rushes and Sedges) ............................................................. 75 Characteristics of Forbs and Legumes ............................................................................................79 Characteristics of Woody Plants (Shrubs, Willows, Trees) ............................................................. 89 Appendix B. Common and Scientific Names of Species Listed ......................................................... 102 PLANTING GUIDE 1 KEY TO PLANTING TABLES IRRIGRATED PASTURE PLANTINGS Adequate Irrigation Water: Table I-1................................................................................................................................ 15 Adequate Irrigation Saline Soils: Table I-2 ..................................................................................................................... 16 Inadequate Irrigation Spring and Early Summer Irrigation: Table I-3 ............................................................................. 17 Inadequate Irrigation Saline Soils: Table I-4 ................................................................................................................... 18 Water Table ....................................................................................................................................................................... 19 RANGELAND PLANTINGS High Mountain Ecosystems Subalpine (35+ in precip.): Table R-1 ........................................................................................................................ 20 Mixed Conifer (30+ in precip.): Table R-2 ............................................................................................................... 21 Aspen Conifer and Maple (25 to 30 in precip.): Table R-3....................................................................................... 22 Mountain Big Sagebrush-Grass (18 to 25 in precip.): Table R-4.............................................................................. 23 Upland Ecosystems Big Sagebrush and Pinyon Juniper-Grass (14 to 18 in precip.): Table R-5 .............................................................. 24 Big Sagebrush-Grass (12 to 16 in precip.): Table R-6 .............................................................................................. 25 Semi-Desert Ecosystems Wyoming Big Sagebrush (8 to 12 in precip.): Table R-7 .......................................................................................... 26 Black Greasewood and Saltbush (8 to 12 in precip.): Table R-8 .............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GOOSEBERRYLEAF GLOBEMALLOW Sphaeralcea Grossulariifolia (Hook
    GOOSEBERRYLEAF GLOBEMALLOW Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Rydb. Malvaceae – Mallow family Corey L. Gucker & Nancy L. Shaw | 2018 ORGANIZATION NOMENCLATURE Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Names, subtaxa, chromosome number(s), hybridization. Rydb., hereafter referred to as gooseberryleaf globemallow, belongs to the Malveae tribe of the Malvaceae or mallow family (Kearney 1935; La Duke 2016). Range, habitat, plant associations, elevation, soils. NRCS Plant Code. SPGR2 (USDA NRCS 2017). Subtaxa. The Flora of North America (La Duke 2016) does not recognize any varieties or Life form, morphology, distinguishing characteristics, reproduction. subspecies. Synonyms. Malvastrum coccineum (Nuttall) A. Gray var. grossulariifolium (Hooker & Arnott) Growth rate, successional status, disturbance ecology, importance to animals/people. Torrey, M. grossulariifolium (Hooker & Arnott) A. Gray, Sida grossulariifolia Hooker & Arnott, Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia subsp. pedata Current or potential uses in restoration. (Torrey ex A. Gray) Kearney, S. grossulariifolia var. pedata (Torrey ex A. Gray) Kearney, S. pedata Torrey ex A. Gray (La Duke 2016). Seed sourcing, wildland seed collection, seed cleaning, storage, Common Names. Gooseberryleaf globemallow, testing and marketing standards. current-leaf globemallow (La Duke 2016). Chromosome Number. Chromosome number is stable, 2n = 20, and plants are diploid (La Duke Recommendations/guidelines for producing seed. 2016). Hybridization. Hybridization occurs within the Sphaeralcea genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Germination and Seedling Establishment of Spiny Hopsage (Grayia Spinosa [Hook.] Moq.)
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Nancy L. Shaw for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Crop and Soil Sciences presented on March 19, 1992 Title: Germination and Seedling Establishment of Spiny Hopsage (Grayia Spinosa [Hook.] Moq.) Abstract approved:_Redactedfor Privacy von r. ULdUe Reestablishment of spiny hopsage(Grayia spinosa [Hook.] Moq.) where depleted or lost on shrub steppe sites can improve forage, plant cover, and soil stabilization. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine direct-seeding requirements; 2) develop optimum germination pretreatments; and 3) examine dormancy mechanisms in spiny hopsage fruits and seeds. The effects of seed source, planting date,and site preparation method onseed germination and seedling establishment (SE) were examined at Birds of Prey and Reynolds Creek in southwestern Idaho. Three seed sources were planted on rough or compact seedbeds on 4 dates in 1986-87 and 3 dates in 1987-88. Exposure to cool-moist environments improved spring SE from early fall (EF) and late fall (LF) plantings. Few seedlings emerged from early (ESp) or late spring (LSp) plantings. SE was low at: 1 site in 1986-87 and atboth sites in 1987-88, probably due to lack of precipitation. For the successful 1986-87 planting, seedling density was greater on rough compared to compact seedbeds in April andMay, possiblydue to improved microclimate conditions. Growth rate varied among seed sources, but seedlings developed a deep taproot (mean length 266 mm) with few lateral roots the first season. Seeds were planted on 3 dates in 1986-87 and 1987-88, andnylon bags containing seeds were planted on 4 dates each year to study microenvironment effects on germination (G), germination rate (GR), and SE.
    [Show full text]
  • Canyons of the Ancients National Monument Plant List by Genus
    Canyons of the Ancients National Monument Plant List Please send all corrections and updates to Al Schneider, [email protected] Updated 6/2011 Scientific Name Common name Family Abronia fragrans Sand-verbena Nyctaginaceae Achillea lanulosa Western yarrow Asteraceae Achnatherum hymenoides Indian ricegrass Poaceae Achnatherum speciosum Showy needle grass Poaceae Acosta diffusa Tumble knapweed Asteraceae Acosta maculosa Spotted knapweed Asteraceae Acrolasia albicaulis Whitestem blazingstar Loasaceae Acroptilon repens Russian knapweed Asteraceae Adenolinum lewisii Blue Flax Linaceae Adiantum capillus-veneris Venus' hair fern Adiantaceae Agropyron cristatum Crested wheatgrass Poaceae Agrostis scabra Rough bentgrass Poaceae Agrostis stolonifera Redtop bentgrass Poaceae Allium acuminatum Tapertip onion Alliaceae Allium macropetalum Largeflower wild onion Alliaceae Allium textile Textile onion Alliaceae Alyssum minus Yellow alyssum Brassicaceae Amaranthus blitoides Prostrate pigweed Amaranthaceae Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot amaranth Amaranthaceae Ambrosia acanthicarpa Flatspine burr ragweed Asteraceae Ambrosia trifida great ragweed Asteraceae Amelanchier alnifolia? Saskatoon serviceberry Rosaceae Amelanchier utahensis Utah serviceberry Rosaceae Amsonia jonesii Jones's bluestar Apocynaceae Androsace occidentalis Western rockjasmine Primulaceae Androsace septentrionalis Pygmyflower rockjasmine Primulaceae Androstephium breviflorum Pink funnellily Alliaceae Anisantha tectorum Cheatgrass Poaceae Antennaria rosulata Rosy pussytoes Asteraceae
    [Show full text]
  • Porter's Sagebrush Is Endemic to the Wind River and Powder River Basins in Central Wyoming
    Status of Porter’s Sagebrush (Artemisia porteri) in Wyoming Prepared for the Bureau of Land Management Wyoming State Office And Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming By Walter Fertig Botanical Consultant 1117 West Grand Canyon Dr. Kanab, UT 84741 25 September 2002 Agreement # K910-A4-0011 Task Order No. TO-09 ABSTRACT Porter's sagebrush is endemic to the Wind River and Powder River basins in central Wyoming. It is found primarily in sparsely vegetated Artemisia pedatifida, A. longifolia, or A. porteri communities on barren clay or ashy badlands, flats, or gullies derived from the Wind River, Wagon Bed, or Frontier formations. This species is currently known from 11 extant occurrences consisting of at least 60 subpopulations covering less than 1250 acres. Individual colonies typically number from 100-1000 individuals and occupy areas of 1-50 acres. Based on surveys in 1999, the current population of Porter's sagebrush is conservatively estimated at 50,000-75,000 plants. Porter's sagebrush is primarily threatened by mineral development (oil, natural gas and uranium) within its limited range and specialized habitat. This species was designated as Sensitive by the BLM in 2001 and occurs primarily on BLM lands in the Buffalo, Casper, and Lander field offices. No populations currently receive formal protection, although the population in the Lysite Badlands is managed under special use regulations in the BLM Lander Resource Area Resource Management Plan. Porter's sagebrush is now known to be more widespread and abundant in Wyoming than previously suspected. Until sufficient habitat is afforded protection or management strategies are developed and implemented for this species in mineral extraction areas, A.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Site DX032X01B143 Saline Upland Clayey (SUC) Big Horn Basin Rim
    Natural Resources Conservation Service Ecological site DX032X01B143 Saline Upland Clayey (SUC) Big Horn Basin Rim Last updated: 9/17/2020 Accessed: 09/30/2021 General information MLRA notes Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): 032X–Northern Intermountain Desertic Basins 032X–Northern Intermountain Desertic Basins–This MLRA is comprised of two major basins, the Big Horn and the Wind River. These two basins are distinctly different and are split by Land Resource Units (LRUs) to allow individual Ecological Site Descriptions (ESD). These warm basins are surrounded by uplifts and rimmed by mountains, creating a unique set of plant responses and communities. Unique characteristics of the geology and geomorphology single out these two basins. For further information regarding Major Land Resource Areas (MLRAs), refer to: United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land Resource Regions and Major Land Resource Areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. Available electronically at: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/ref/? cid=nrcs142p2_053624#handbook. LRU notes Land Resource Unit (LRU) and Subset: 32X01B (WY) This LRU consists of the Big Horn Basin within MLRA 32. The Big Horn Basin is lower in elevation, slightly warmer and receives slightly less overall precipitation compared to the Wind River Basin (LRU 02). This LRU was originally divided into two: LRU A, which was the core and LRU B, which was the rim. With the most current standards, this LRU is divided into two subsets. This subset is Subset B, referred to as the Rim, is a transitional band between the basin floor and the lower foothills.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Materials
    Supplementary Materials A Fruita (1380m) 1902-2012 10.3C 231mm 300 C mm 50 100 40 80 34.0 30 60 20 40 -11.6 10 20 0 0 -10 J F M A M J J A S O N D B GJ Walker Field (1477m) 1900-2015 9.4C 223mm 300 C mm 50 100 40 80 33.8 30 60 20 40 0.2 10 20 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D C Montrose 1 (1763m) 1905-1982 9C 239mm 300 C mm 50 100 40 80 31.3 30 60 20 40 -10.8 10 20 0 0 -10 J F M A M J J A S O N D Figure S1. Walter-Leith climate diagrams based on data retrieved from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) weather stations at A) Fruita (1902 - 2012), B) Grand Junction (Walker Field 1900 - 2015), and C) Montrose (1905 - 1982), all in Colorado (NCDC 2015). Blue hatched areas indicate moist seasons, red dotted areas indicate dry seasons, and months with possible (light blue) and likely (dark blue) frost are indicated by horizontal bars. 1 Table S1. Native plant species characteristic of salt desert ecosystems of intermountain west of North America based on review of the literature. Nomenclature follows NRCS (2015). Family Species Common name Reference Succulent Agavaceae Yucca glauca soapweed yucca 1 Cactaceae Echinocereus spp. hedgehog cactus 1 Mammillaria spp. -- 2 Opuntia engelmannii cactus apple 1, 3 Opuntia sp. Pricklypear 2, 4 Annual/biennial forbs Asteraceae Chaenactis stevioides Esteve's pincushion 4 Boraginaceae Cryptantha elata cliffdweller's cryptantha 2, 3 Lappula occidentalis var.
    [Show full text]
  • Atriplex Gardneri Gardner's Saltbush
    Atriplex gardneri Gardner’s Saltbush by Kathy Lloyd Montana Native Plant Society Photo: Wayne Phillips Atriplex gardneri (Gardner’s Saltbush) ardner’s saltbush also goes by the com- (Atriplex gardneri). According to the label Freder- mon name of moundscale or Nuttall’s ick Pursh applied to the sheet, the plants on this saltbush. Plant taxonomists used to clas- specimen sheet were collected at the “Big Bend of sify this plant as Atriplex nuttallii, hence the Missouri Septbr 21, 1804,” placing the point of Gthe common name Nuttall’s saltbush, but the name collection in South Dakota. This sheet also contains was changed to Atriplex gardneri when some rear- a portion of an original label by Meriwether Lewis ranging of the genus brought an earlier scientific that says, “Sept. 21st.” The second specimen sheet name into the group. Unfortunately, scientific contains two mounted specimens of Gardner’s salt- names for plants do change from time to time, and it bush with a Pursh label reading, “A half Shrub from can be quite a chore to keep up with them. Lewis the high plains of Missouri Jul. 20th 1806,” placing and Clark probably didn’t spend too much time wor- this collection squarely in present-day Montana. rying about what to name the various plant species Lewis’s journal for July 20th describes the habitat they collected. They had their hands full with more that is characteristically associated with Gardner’s immediate concerns. saltbush, and with greasewood (Sarcobatus vermicu- Specimens of Gardner’s saltbush were collected latus), which was collected on the same day: “the more than once during the long cross-country trek, plains are more broken than they were yesterday and and several collections of the plant still exist today have become more inferior in point of soil; a great as part of the Lewis & Clark Herbarium at the Acad- quanty of small gravel is every where distributed emy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Plant List
    APPENDIX J NATIVE & INVASIVE PLANT LIST The following tables capture the referenced plants, native and invasive species, found throughout this document. The Wildlife Action Plan Team elected to only use common names for plants to improve the readability, particular for the general reader. However, common names can create confusion for a variety of reasons. Common names can change from region-to-region; one common name can refer to more than one species; and common names have a way of changing over time. For example, there are two widespread species of greasewood in Nevada, and numerous species of sagebrush. In everyday conversation generic common names usually work well. But if you are considering management activities, landscape restoration or the habitat needs of a particular wildlife species, the need to differentiate between plant species and even subspecies suddenly takes on critical importance. This appendix provides the reader with a cross reference between the common plant names used in this document’s text, and the scientific names that link common names to the precise species to which writers referenced. With regards to invasive plants, all species listed under the Nevada Revised Statute 555 (NRS 555) as a “Noxious Weed” will be notated, within the larger table, as such. A noxious weed is a plant that has been designated by the state as a “species of plant which is, or is likely to be, detrimental or destructive and difficult to control or eradicate” (NRS 555.05). To assist the reader, we also included a separate table detailing the noxious weeds, category level (A, B, or C), and the typical habitats that these species invade.
    [Show full text]
  • WOOD ANATOMY of CHENOPODIACEAE (AMARANTHACEAE S
    IAWA Journal, Vol. 33 (2), 2012: 205–232 WOOD ANATOMY OF CHENOPODIACEAE (AMARANTHACEAE s. l.) Heike Heklau1, Peter Gasson2, Fritz Schweingruber3 and Pieter Baas4 SUMMARY The wood anatomy of the Chenopodiaceae is distinctive and fairly uni- form. The secondary xylem is characterised by relatively narrow vessels (<100 µm) with mostly minute pits (<4 µm), and extremely narrow ves- sels (<10 µm intergrading with vascular tracheids in addition to “normal” vessels), short vessel elements (<270 µm), successive cambia, included phloem, thick-walled or very thick-walled fibres, which are short (<470 µm), and abundant calcium oxalate crystals. Rays are mainly observed in the tribes Atripliceae, Beteae, Camphorosmeae, Chenopodieae, Hab- litzieae and Salsoleae, while many Chenopodiaceae are rayless. The Chenopodiaceae differ from the more tropical and subtropical Amaran- thaceae s.str. especially in their shorter libriform fibres and narrower vessels. Contrary to the accepted view that the subfamily Polycnemoideae lacks anomalous thickening, we found irregular successive cambia and included phloem. They are limited to long-lived roots and stem borne roots of perennials (Nitrophila mohavensis) and to a hemicryptophyte (Polycnemum fontanesii). The Chenopodiaceae often grow in extreme habitats, and this is reflected by their wood anatomy. Among the annual species, halophytes have narrower vessels than xeric species of steppes and prairies, and than species of nitrophile ruderal sites. Key words: Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae s.l., included phloem, suc- cessive cambia, anomalous secondary thickening, vessel diameter, vessel element length, ecological adaptations, xerophytes, halophytes. INTRODUCTION The Chenopodiaceae in the order Caryophyllales include annual or perennial herbs, sub- shrubs, shrubs, small trees (Haloxylon ammodendron, Suaeda monoica) and climbers (Hablitzia, Holmbergia).
    [Show full text]
  • Diet of the Mohave Ground Squirrel (Xerospermophilus Mohavensis) in Relation to Season and Rainfall
    Western North American Naturalist 77(1), © 2017, pp. 1–13 DIET OF THE MOHAVE GROUND SQUIRREL (XEROSPERMOPHILUS MOHAVENSIS) IN RELATION TO SEASON AND RAINFALL Barbara M. Leitner1 and Philip Leitner2 ABSTRACT.—The Mohave ground squirrel (Xerospermophilus mohavensis) is endemic to the western Mojave Desert of California. It is listed as threatened under the California Endangered Species Act, yet there is little published information on its habitat requirements. We studied the diet of Mohave ground squirrels at 4 sites in desert scrub habitat in Inyo County, California, primarily by microhistological analysis of 754 samples of fecal pellets collected from live-trapped animals. Over all sites and seasons, shrub foliage was the largest component of the diet (39.8% relative density) and mainly derived from several taxa of Chenopodiaceae: winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata), spiny hopsage (Grayia spinosa), and saltbushes (Atriplex spp.). Forb leaves were next in importance (34.1% relative density), especially from Fabaceae (Astragalus and Lupinus), Polemoniaceae (Gilia and Linanthus), and Asteraceae. Flowers, pollen, and seeds were also major components (20.3% relative density). Leaves composed nearly all of the diet in spring, whereas pollen, flowers, and seeds made up about a third of the diet in summer. Following dry winters when annual forbs were limited, Mohave ground squirrels depended primarily on foliage from perennial shrubs and forbs. Following wet winters when spring annuals were abundant and most plant species flowered and set seed prolifically, squirrels consumed a high proportion of leaves plus flowers, pollen, and seeds of annual forbs. Mohave ground squirrels reproduced only after winter rainfall >80 mm that resulted in a standing crop of herbaceous annuals ≥100 kg ⋅ ha−1.
    [Show full text]
  • Sclerocactus Mesae-Verdae (Mesa Verde Cactus)
    Status Assessment Report for Sclerocactus mesae-verdae (Mesa Verde cactus) Prepare d for: The Navajo Natural Heritage Program, Window Rock, Arizona By: Juanita A. R. Ladyman, Ph.D. JnJ Associates, LLC Centennial, CO 80122 December 13, 2004 PREAMBLE FOR THE RECOVERY OF SCLEROCACTUS MESAE-VERDAE. Excerpt of the 1984 US Fish and Wildlife Recovery Plan (Heil 1984): “The primary objective of this recovery plan is to restore the Mesa Verde cactus to non- threatened status by: 1) Securing the five known populations from present and future human threats. 2) Ensuring that the Mesa Verde cacti are maintained as vigorous and self-sustaining populations throughout their natural habitat. As this objective is met, delisting will be initiated when the following criteria have been met: I.) Establishment of at least two restricted use areas for selected portions of Mesa Verde cactus habitat on the Navajo Indian Reservation and on BLM administered land. II.) Provision of Mesa Verde cactus stock to trade outlets to help relieve the black market demand through the addition of 10,000 plants per year into the commercial pipeline for 5 years. These goals are to be evaluated for adequacy upon attainment and prior to delisting.” 1 STATUS ASSESSMENT REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY..........................................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................5 MANAGEMENT STATUS AND NATURAL HISTORY
    [Show full text]
  • An Illustrated Key to the Amaranthaceae of Alberta
    AN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE AMARANTHACEAE OF ALBERTA Compiled and writen by Lorna Allen & Linda Kershaw April 2019 © Linda J. Kershaw & Lorna Allen This key was compiled using informaton primarily from Moss (1983), Douglas et. al. (1998a [Amaranthaceae], 1998b [Chenopodiaceae]) and the Flora North America Associaton (2008). Taxonomy follows VASCAN (Brouillet, 2015). Please let us know if there are ways in which the key can be improved. The 2015 S-ranks of rare species (S1; S1S2; S2; S2S3; SU, according to ACIMS, 2015) are noted in superscript (S1;S2;SU) afer the species names. For more details go to the ACIMS web site. Similarly, exotc species are followed by a superscript X, XX if noxious and XXX if prohibited noxious (X; XX; XXX) according to the Alberta Weed Control Act (2016). AMARANTHACEAE Amaranth Family [includes Chenopodiaceae] Key to Genera 01a Flowers with spiny, dry, thin and translucent 1a (not green) bracts at the base; tepals dry, thin and translucent; separate ♂ and ♀ fowers on same the plant; annual herbs; fruits thin-walled (utricles), splitting open around the middle 2a (circumscissile) .............Amaranthus 01b Flowers without spiny, dry, thin, translucent bracts; tepals herbaceous or feshy, greenish; fowers various; annual or perennial, herbs or shrubs; fruits various, not splitting open around the middle ..........................02 02a Leaves scale-like, paired (opposite); stems feshy/succulent, with fowers sunk into stem; plants of saline habitats ... Salicornia rubra 3a ................. [Salicornia europaea] 02b Leaves well developed, not scale-like; stems not feshy; plants of various habitats. .03 03a Flower bracts tipped with spine or spine-like bristle; leaves spine-tipped, linear to awl- 5a shaped, usually not feshy; tepals winged from the lower surface ..............
    [Show full text]