DOCSLIB.ORG

Ancient Cities

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ancient Cities CS 3550E (FALL 2018 & WINTER 2019) THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF ROME AND ITALY WELCOME to CS 3550E! Ancient Rome was one of the most dynamic, powerful, and accomplished societies to have ever existed. In a mere five centuries, Rome grew from a small hilltop village (ca. 900 – 700 BC) to a vast empire that controlled the entire Mediterranean (146 BC). Did you know that the Roman Empire at its largest extent (ca. AD 115) covered areas that now comprise at least forty-eight modern countries? Or, that the primary sewer still used today in Rome was constructed by a king of Rome almost 3,000 years ago? This course will look at the archaeological remains from the entire span of Roman history beginning with its life as a small monarchy (ca. 753-509 BC), to its long run as a hierarchical Republic (509-31 BC), to its transition into a vast empire ruled by a single imperial figure (31 BC onward). We will explore the remains of houses, temples, warehouses, bars, bathhouses, and apartment buildings in the major cities of Italy such as Rome, Ostia and Pompeii, as well as the major civilizations of the Etruscans in northern Italy and the cities of Magna Graecia in the south. We will consider the role of monumentality, symbolism and artistic representation in public and private complexes throughout Rome and Italy. The small artifacts that were used in daily life will be investigated towards understanding their role in the creation and maintenance of power and individual identity. The course focuses on the art, architecture and artifacts from Italy and discusses how these are interpreted today to reconstruct all aspects of life in the past. I am Dr. Elizabeth Greene and I will be your instructor for this course. I am Associate Professor of Roman Archaeology in the Department of Classical Studies. I teach on all aspects of Classical Archaeology (primarily Greek and Roman), particularly the archaeology of the Roman world and the Roman provinces in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. I have worked on archaeological excavations in Tuscany and Rome, and on various military forts along the Roman frontier in England. Currently, I am involved in an on-going excavation project at a site called Vindolanda near Hadrian’s Wall, where I co-direct a field school for Western students to train in excavation technique and the history and archaeology of Roman Britain. Please feel free to discuss with me any aspect of archaeology, how to get involved with archaeological projects, or just come introduce yourself. 1 CONTACT INFO INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Elizabeth Greene Department of Classical Studies Lawson Hall, Room 3208 519-661-2111, ext. 84571 OFFICE HOURS: Tuesday, 3:30-4:30 and Thursday, 9:30-10:30 (or by appt. [email protected]) Teaching Assistant: Shereen Fayed Office Hours: CLASS INFO CLASS TIMES: Tuesday, 1:30-3:30; Thursday, 1:30-2:30 LOCATION: AHB 1B06 (Arts & Humanities Building) ASSIGNMENTS and ASSESSMENT FALL 2018 Test 1 (Visual identification and short answers, 2 hours) November 15 15% Short Paper (see assignment for details) Final Draft December 7 20% WINTER 2019 Test 2 (Visual identification and short answers, 2 hours) February 7 15% Final exam (As scheduled by registrar) 25% Short Paper (5 pages, see assignment for details) 20% Proposal and Annotated bibliography (mandatory) March 1 Rough Draft (optional) March 22 Final Draft April 9 Class participation On-going 5% REQUIRED COURSE MATERIAL Claridge, Amanda. 2010. Rome: An Oxford Archaeological Guide, 2nd edition (Oxford) (Indicated as “Rome” in readings lists). Ramage, Andrew and Nancy Ramage. 2015. Roman Art: Romulus to Constantine, 6th edition (Pearson Prentice Hall) (Indicated by “R&R” in readings lists). **I did not order this from the bookstore because it is very expensive. Please buy this used online** Sear, Frank. 1998. Roman Architecture, 2nd edition (Routledge) (Indicated as “Sear” in readings lists). Consult MLA (or similar) writing guides online. **Further readings will be posted to the course website on OWL and will be available on the course reserves from the library. These will be listed in the weekly reading with author and chapter title** 2 NOTE FROM THE DEAN OF ARTS and HUMANITIES: You are responsible for ensuring that you have successfully completed all course prerequisites and that you have not taken an antirequisite course. Lack of prerequisites may not be used as basis of appeal. If you are not eligible for a course, you may be removed from it at any time, and you will receive no adjustment to your fees. These decisions cannot be appealed. PLAGIARISM: Students must write their essays and assignments in their own words. Whenever students take an idea, or a passage of text from another author, they must acknowledge their debt both by using quotation marks where appropriate and by proper referencing such as footnotes or citations. Plagiarism is a major academic offence (see Scholastic Offence Policy in the Western Academic Calendar). POLICY ON ACCOMMODATION FOR MEDICAL ILLNESS: http://www.uwo.ca/univsec/handbook/appeals/accommodation_medical.pdf [downloadable Student Medical Certificate (SMC): student.uwo.ca [under the Medical Documentation heading] Students seeking academic accommodation on medical grounds for any missed tests, exams and/or assignments worth 10% or more of their final grade must apply to the Office of the Dean of their home faculty and provide documentation. ACADEMIC ACCOMMODATION CANNOT BE GRANTED BY THE INSTRUCTOR OR DEPARTMENT. WESTERN ACCESSIBILITY POLICY. Western has many services and programs that support the personal, physical, social and academic needs of students with disabilities. For more information and links to these services: http://accessibility.uwo.ca/ WESTERN SUPPORT SERVICES: Students who are in emotional/mental distress should refer to Mental Health @ Western http://www.uwo.ca/uwocom/mentalhealth/ for a complete list of options about how to obtain help. COURSE DESCRIPTION The Archaeology of Rome and Italy will trace the evolution of the Roman world from the earliest cultural groups found in Italy through the Roman imperial period (ca. 1000 BC – AD 300). The course focuses primarily on the archaeological remains from this time period (architecture, sculpture, artifacts, etc.) and how we use them today to understand and interpret social, political, economic and historical phenomena of the Roman world. We begin by looking at some of the original cultural groups that existed in Italy (Villanovans, Etruscans, Greeks) and how these people influenced the growth and direction of early Roman society. The earliest archaeological remains in and around the city of Rome will be the backdrop for our investigation of the initial power struggles in central Italy during the period of the monarchy (753 BC – 509 AD). We will examine the primitive hut settlements on the Capitoline and Palatine Hills and debate theories about the earliest city wall to be found near the Palatine, argued by some archaeologists to have been the “wall of Romulus”, the mythical founder and namesake of the city (753 BC). We will then explore the conquest of “the people” over kingship and the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BC, and further, how we can understand these socio-political changes from the material record. This period takes us through a major part of the establishment of Rome as the dominant power in the Italian peninsula, first by the conquest of neighboring Etruscan cities and eventually by dominating and assimilating all cultural groups 3 in Italy. The period of the Republic also saw conquest overseas with the subjugation of the Carthaginians and Greeks finally in 146 BC, resulting in dominance over Spain, North Africa, and Greece and its surrounding areas. We will explore the shifting and changing power struggles and social organization through the material expression of both the State and individuals during this time. We will look at the houses, temples, public monuments, governmental structures and spaces, and objects of daily use in order to understand how the incorporation of so many cultural entities changed the face of Rome and Italy to create a multicultural State. The first term ends by looking at the transition from Republic to Empire (31 BC) and will focus particularly on the city of Rome as a landscape to demonstrate and legitimize power. This phenomenon can be traced particularly well in the buildings and artistic program of the Late Republican city (ca. 100- 31 BC) and that of the early empire under the first emperor Augustus (31 BC – AD 14). We will consider how past motifs and styles from Italy and elsewhere were employed in the power struggles of this shifting and changing world. The second term picks up with the Roman Empire and follows it through to the abandonment of the West. We will trace the progression of dynasties and the different roles material culture played in the dominance and legitimization of these various groups. The second term sees the full-grown Roman Empire that spanned what now comprises 48 modern countries from Britain to Syria and from Romania to Sudan. With such a vast empire comes the integration of so many cultural groups, which we will investigate towards an understanding of concepts such as “romanization” and “cultural imperialism.” We will see how the incorporation of these groups and the influence the came from the periphery changed what it meant to be “Roman.” These and many other concepts will be introduced and discussed while we explore the monumental and awe-inspiring remains of the center of the Roman Empire: Italy and its capital at Rome. LEARNING OBJECTIVES On successful completion of this course students are expected to be able to: I. Understand basic archaeological terms relating to the architecture, art and artifacts of the Roman world.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 251 NERVA. September 18, A.D. 96 Saw Domitian Fall Victim to a Palace
    r ) 251 NERVA. September 18, A.D. 96 saw Domitian fall victim to a palace plot, Imperial Rome's second dynasty ending in a frantic struggle on the floor of the Imperial cubiculum(Suet. Dam. 17). The resulting situation bore little resemblance to the state of affairs after the death of Nero. Now there were no generals on the march, no legions in revolt. Moreover, a dynasty had ended before and Rome had gone on, there was a precedent. A replacement was found in the seemingly neutral figure of M. Cocceius Nerva and the fraught phase of transition effected with a minimum of public distress. Domitian's had been a well managed murder. Time was not to be on Nerva's side. Aged sixty at his accession, he would not survive his climacteric year. But who at this stage was to know that? Why not build towards a future; had Augustus not died in his 76th year, Tiberius at 77, Vespasian at the end of his sixties? Work on Domitian's numerous building projects could be continued under the new princeps the honour from which would now accrue to Nerva. The Temple of Minerva and possibly also the encompassing Forum Transitorium needed completion. This they got (Martail, 10, 28; Suet., ! i 252 Dom.,5; Statius, Silv., 4,3,9-10; Eutropius7, 23, 5; Auy. Viet., Caes, 12.2; ClL 6. 953, 31213). Nerva thereby gained the honour of overseeing the dedicatory celebrations at the beginning of A.D. 97. Gained also was : J the opportunity to have his name inscribed on the entablature of the temple.
    [Show full text]
  • Iudaea Capta Vs. Mother Zion: the Flavian Discourse on Judaeans and Its Delegitimation in 4 Ezra
    Journal for the Study of Judaism 49 (2018) 498-550 Journal for the Study of Judaism brill.com/jsj Iudaea Capta vs. Mother Zion: The Flavian Discourse on Judaeans and Its Delegitimation in 4 Ezra G. Anthony Keddie1 Assistant Professor, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada [email protected] Abstract This study proposes that the empire-wide Iudaea capta discourse should be viewed as a motivating pressure on the author of 4 Ezra. The discourse focused on Iudaea capta, Judaea captured, was pervasive across the Roman empire following the First Revolt. Though initiated by the Flavians, it became misrecognized across the Mediterranean and was expressed in a range of media. In this article, I examine the diverse evidence for this discourse and demonstrate that it not only cast Judaeans as barbaric enemies of Rome using a common set of symbols, but also attributed responsibility for a minor provincial revolt to a transregional ethnos/gens. One of the most distinctive symbols of this discourse was a personification of Judaea as a mourning woman. I argue that 4 Ezra delegitimates this Iudaea capta discourse, with its mourning woman, through the counter-image of a Mother Zion figure who transforms into the eschatological city. Keywords Iudaea capta/Judaea capta − Flavian dynasty − 4 Ezra − Roman iconography − Jewish-Roman relations − Mother Zion − apocalyptic discourse − First Jewish Revolt 1 I would like to thank Steven Friesen and L. Michael White for their helpful feedback and insightful suggestions on earlier versions of this study. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2018 | doi:10.1163/15700631-12494235Downloaded from Brill.com10/06/2021 11:31:49PM via free access Iudaea Capta vs.
    [Show full text]
  • Daily Coin Relief!
    DAILY COIN RELIEF! A BLOG FOR ANCIENT COINS ON THE PAS BY SAM MOORHEAD & ANDREW BROWN Issue 6 by Andrew Brown – 24 March 2020 Trajan and Dacia Often coins recorded through the PAS hint at or provide direct links to the wider Roman world. This can be anything from depictions of the Emperors, through to places, key events, battles, and even architecture. Good examples of this are seen in the coinage of Trajan (AD 98- 117), particularly in relation to his two military campaigns in Dacia – the landscape of modern-day Romania and Moldova, notably around the Carpathian Mountains (Transylvania) – in AD 101-102 and AD 105-106. Dacia, with her king Decebalus, was considered a potential threat to Rome as well as a source of great natural wealth, particularly gold. Trajan’s victorious Dacian Wars resulted in the southern half of Dacia being annexed as the Roman Marcus Ulpius Traianus province of Dacia Traiana in AD 106, rejuvenated the (AD 98-117) Roman economy, and brought Trajan glory. His triumph (PUBLIC-6A513E) instigated 123 days of celebrations with Roman games that involved 10,000 gladiators and even more wild animals! Coins of Trajan are not uncommon.1 The PAS has over 3,200 examples (https://finds.org.uk/database/search/result s/ruler/256/objecttype/COIN/broadperiod/ ROMAN ) for Trajan alone, as well as much rarer examples of coins struck for his wife Plotina (2 examples), sister Marciana (5 examples), and niece Matidia (1 example). 1 The standard reference is RIC II. However, this has been superseded by the work of Bernhard Woytek, the leading expert on Trajanic coinage, in his Die Reichsprägung des Kaisers Traianus (98-117) (MIR 14, Vienna, 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • San Giovanni Report
    San Giovanni Living Next to a Transit Corridor Brooke Shin Madeleine Galvin Raphael Laude Shareef Hussam Rome Workshop 00 Introduction San Giovanni in the urban context of Rome Image Subject Rome Workshop Outline Contents 00 Introduction 1 Outline Getting Oriented A Transit Corridor Methodology Hypotheses 01 History 15 Summary Timeline A Plan for San Giovanni Construction Begins A Polycentric Plan Metro Construction 02 Statistics 19 Summary Key Data Points Demographics & Housing Livability Audit 03 Built Form 25 Summary Solids Voids Mobility 04 Services 37 Summary Ground-Floor Use Primary Area Services Secondary Area Services Institutions 05 Engagement 49 Summary Key Stakeholders Intercept Interviews Cognitive Mapping 06 Conclusion 57 Key Takeaways Next Steps Bibliography, Appendix 3 Introduction Graphics / Tables Images Urban Context Study Area Broader / Local Transit Network 1909 Master Plan 1936 Historical Map 1962 Master Plan Population Density Population Pyramids Educational Attainment Homeownership San Giovanni Transit Node Building Typologies/Architectural Styles Public Spaces Sidewalks, Street Typologies, Flows Primary Area Services Secondary Area Services Ground Floor Use Map Daily Use Services Livability Audit Key 4 Rome Workshop Introduction The Rome Workshop is a fieldwork-based course that takes students from the classroom to the city streets in order to conduct a physical assess- ment of neighborhood quality. Determining the child and age-friendliness of public spaces and services was the main goal of this assessment. The San Giovanni neighborhood starts at the Por- ta San Giovanni and continues over two kilome- ters south, but this study focused specifically on the area that flanks the Aurelian Walls, from the Porta San Giovanni gate to the Porta Metronio gate.
    [Show full text]
  • Falda's Map As a Work Of
    The Art Bulletin ISSN: 0004-3079 (Print) 1559-6478 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rcab20 Falda’s Map as a Work of Art Sarah McPhee To cite this article: Sarah McPhee (2019) Falda’s Map as a Work of Art, The Art Bulletin, 101:2, 7-28, DOI: 10.1080/00043079.2019.1527632 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00043079.2019.1527632 Published online: 20 May 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 79 View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rcab20 Falda’s Map as a Work of Art sarah mcphee In The Anatomy of Melancholy, first published in the 1620s, the Oxford don Robert Burton remarks on the pleasure of maps: Methinks it would please any man to look upon a geographical map, . to behold, as it were, all the remote provinces, towns, cities of the world, and never to go forth of the limits of his study, to measure by the scale and compass their extent, distance, examine their site. .1 In the seventeenth century large and elaborate ornamental maps adorned the walls of country houses, princely galleries, and scholars’ studies. Burton’s words invoke the gallery of maps Pope Alexander VII assembled in Castel Gandolfo outside Rome in 1665 and animate Sutton Nicholls’s ink-and-wash drawing of Samuel Pepys’s library in London in 1693 (Fig. 1).2 There, in a room lined with bookcases and portraits, a map stands out, mounted on canvas and sus- pended from two cords; it is Giovanni Battista Falda’s view of Rome, published in 1676.
    [Show full text]
  • The Restoration of the Arch of Titus in The
    日本建築学会計画系論文集 第82巻 第734号，1109-1114， 2017年4月 【カテゴリーⅠ】 J. Archit. Plann., AIJ, Vol. 82 No. 734, 1109-1114, Apr., 2017 DOI http://doi.org/10.3130/aija.82.1109 THE RESTORATION OF THE ARCH OF TITUS THE RESTORATIONIN THE OF THE NINETEENTH ARCH OF TITUS CENTURY: IN THE NINETEENTH The intention of Giuseppe Valadier regardingCENTURY: distinctions between old and new architectural materials The intervention of Giuseppe Valadier19 世紀のティトゥスの凱旋門の修復 regarding distinctions between old and new architectural materials 工法「新旧の建材の識別」に関するジュゼッペ・ヴァラディエの意図19 ୡ⣖ࡢࢸ࢕ࢺࢗࢫࡢถ᪕㛛ࡢಟ᚟ ᕤἲࠕ᪂ᪧࡢᘓᮦࡢ㆑ูࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢪࣗࢮࢵ࣭ࣦ࣌࢓ࣛࢹ࢕࢚ࡢពᅗ Go OHBA ＊ 大場 豪 ኱ሙ ㇦* Go OHBA The Arch of Titus, restored in the first half of nineteenth century, is a restoration model in terms of certain distinctions between old and new architectural materials. To comprehend the intervention method, this study examined sources on the restoration and compared with a case study, the restoration of the eastern outer wall of the Colosseum. As a result, this study pointed that the Roman architect Giuseppe Valadier sought architectural unity that denoted for the harmony of the two different types of materials. Keywords: The Arch of Titus, restoration, Giuseppe Valadier, The Colosseum ࢸ࢕ࢺࢗࢫࡢถ᪕㛛㸪ಟ᚟㸪ࢪࣗࢮࢵ࣭ࣦ࣌࢓ࣛࢹ࢕࢚, ࢥࣟࢵࢭ࢜ Recognize Introduction proposal was based on the restoration of the Arch of Titus, as he himself This study discusses the restoration of the Arch of Titus from 1818 to mentioned in Mouseion, the journal of conference’s host organization the 1823 in Rome. The intervention made the ancient monument valuable for International Museum Office4). This episode proved that people still the interplay between old and new architectural materials, a concept that is exemplified the intervention one hundred years after its implementation in taken in restoration projects abroad.
    [Show full text]
  • The Macella of Rome Introduction After All These Things Which Pertain
    Author Susan Walker Author Status Full time PhD, University of Newcastle upon Tyne Nature of Paper Journal Article Journal Edition The School of Historical Studies Postgraduate Forum e-Journal , Edition Three , 2004 The Macella of Rome Introduction After all these things which pertain to human sustenance had been brought into one place, and the place had been built upon, it was called a Macellum. 1 So wrote Varro. It seems that almost every city and town with any pretensions to importance within the Roman Empire had, as part of its suite of civic amenities, a macellum. This building normally sat alongside the forum and basilica, providing a place in which a market could be held. Why then did Rome, the foremost and most populous city of the Empire, have only one, or very possibly two, at any one time? Why did it not form one of the sides to the Forum in Rome as it did in other cities? Was the macellum intended to provide the only market place for the entire population of Rome? These questions highlight the problems about the role of the macellum within the market and retail structure of the City of Rome. Macella Before discussing the problems raised by the macella in Rome it may be beneficial to give an overview of their development and to describe the buildings themselves. In her book, called Macellum, Claire De Ruyt 2outlines the problems and arguments related to the origins of the word and the form the buildings took. One part of the debate is to the origin of the word macellum itself, Greek, Latin or even Semitic beginnings have been advanced.
    [Show full text]
  • Map 44 Latium-Campania Compiled by N
    Map 44 Latium-Campania Compiled by N. Purcell, 1997 Introduction The landscape of central Italy has not been intrinsically stable. The steep slopes of the mountains have been deforested–several times in many cases–with consequent erosion; frane or avalanches remove large tracts of regolith, and doubly obliterate the archaeological record. In the valley-bottoms active streams have deposited and eroded successive layers of fill, sealing and destroying the evidence of settlement in many relatively favored niches. The more extensive lowlands have also seen substantial depositions of alluvial and colluvial material; the coasts have been exposed to erosion, aggradation and occasional tectonic deformation, or–spectacularly in the Bay of Naples– alternating collapse and re-elevation (“bradyseism”) at a staggeringly rapid pace. Earthquakes everywhere have accelerated the rate of change; vulcanicity in Campania has several times transformed substantial tracts of landscape beyond recognition–and reconstruction (thus no attempt is made here to re-create the contours of any of the sometimes very different forerunners of today’s Mt. Vesuvius). To this instability must be added the effect of intensive and continuous intervention by humanity. Episodes of depopulation in the Italian peninsula have arguably been neither prolonged nor pronounced within the timespan of the map and beyond. Even so, over the centuries the settlement pattern has been more than usually mutable, which has tended to obscure or damage the archaeological record. More archaeological evidence has emerged as modern urbanization spreads; but even more has been destroyed. What is available to the historical cartographer varies in quality from area to area in surprising ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Rodolfo Lanciani, the Ruins and Excavations of Ancient Rome, 1897, P
    10/29/2010 1 Primus Adventus ad Romam Urbem Aeternam Your First Visit to Rome The Eternal City 2 Accessimus in Urbe AeternA! • Welcome, traveler! Avoiding the travails of the road, you arrived by ship at the port of Ostia; from there, you’ve had a short journey up the Via Ostiensis into Roma herself. What do you see there? 3 Quam pulchra est urbs aeterna! • What is there to see in Rome? • What are some monuments you have heard of? • How old are the buildings in Rome? • How long would it take you to see everything important? 4 Map of Roma 5 The Roman Forum • “According to the Roman legend, Romulus and Tatius, after the mediation of the Sabine women, met on the very spot where the battle had been fought, and made peace and an alliance. The spot, a low, damp, grassy field, exposed to the floods of the river Spinon, took the name of “Comitium” from the verb coire, to assemble. It is possible that, in consequence of the alliance, a road connecting the Sabine and the Roman settlements was made across these swamps; it became afterwards the Sacra Via…. 6 The Roman Forum • “…Tullus Hostilius, the third king, built a stone inclosure on the Comitium, for the meeting of the Senators, named from him Curia Hostilia; then came the state prison built by Ancus Marcius in one of the quarries (the Tullianum). The Tarquin [kings] drained the land, gave the Forum a regular (trapezoidal) shape, divided the space around its borders into building- lots, and sold them to private speculators for shops and houses, the fronts of which were to be lined with porticoes.” --Rodolfo Lanciani, The Ruins and Excavations of Ancient Rome, 1897, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Architecture with Professor Diana EE Kleiner Lecture 13
    HSAR 252 - Roman Architecture with Professor Diana E. E. Kleiner Lecture 13 – The Prince and the Palace: Human Made Divine on the Palatine Hill 1. Title page with course logo. 2. Domus Aurea, Rome, sketch plan of park. Reproduced from Roman Imperial Architecture by John B. Ward-Perkins (1981), fig. 26. Courtesy of Yale University Press. 3. Portrait of Titus, from Herculaneum, now Naples, Archaeological Museum. Reproduced from Roman Sculpture by Diana E. E. Kleiner (1992), fig. 141. Portrait of Vespasian, Copenhagen. Reproduced from A History of Roman Art by Fred S. Kleiner (2007), fig. 9-4. 4. Roman Forum and Palatine Hill, aerial view. Credit: Google Earth. 5. Via Sacra, Rome. Image Credit: Diana E. E. Kleiner. Arch of Titus, Rome, Via Sacra. Reproduced from Rome of the Caesars by Leonardo B. Dal Maso (1977), p. 45. 6. Arch of Titus, Rome, from side facing Roman Forum [online image]. Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RomeArchofTitus02.jpg (Accessed February 24, 2009). 7. Arch of Titus, Rome, 18th-century painting [online image]. Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:7_Rome_View_of_the_Arch_of_Titus.jpg (Accessed February 24, 2009). Arch of Titus, Rome, from side facing Colosseum. Image Credit: Diana E. E. Kleiner. 8. Arch of Titus, Rome, attic inscription and triumphal frieze. Image Credit: Diana E. E. Kleiner. 9. Arch of Titus, Rome, triumphal frieze, victory spandrels, and keystone. Image Credit: Diana E. E. Kleiner. 10. Arch of Titus, Rome, composite capital. Image Credit: Diana E. E. Kleiner. 11. Arch of Titus, Rome, triumph panel. Image Credit: Diana E. E.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Pantheon Through Time Caitlin Williams
    Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2018 A Study of the Pantheon Through Time Caitlin Williams Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons Recommended Citation Williams, Caitlin, "A Study of the Pantheon Through Time" (2018). Honors Theses. 1689. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/1689 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Study of the Pantheon Through Time By Caitlin Williams * * * * * * * Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of Classics UNION COLLEGE June, 2018 ABSTRACT WILLIAMS, CAITLIN A Study of the Pantheon Through Time. Department of Classics, June, 2018. ADVISOR: Hans-Friedrich Mueller. I analyze the Pantheon, one of the most well-preserVed buildings from antiquity, through time. I start with Agrippa's Pantheon, the original Pantheon that is no longer standing, which was built in 27 or 25 BC. What did it look like originally under Augustus? Why was it built? We then shift to the Pantheon that stands today, Hadrian-Trajan's Pantheon, which was completed around AD 125-128, and represents an example of an architectural reVolution. Was it eVen a temple? We also look at the Pantheon's conversion to a church, which helps explain why it is so well preserVed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Architecture of Roman Temples
    P1: JzL 052181068XAgg.xml CB751B/Stamper 0 521 81068 X August 28, 2004 17:30 The Architecture of Roman Temples - The Republic to the Middle Empire John W. Stamper University of Notre Dame iii P1: JzL 052181068XAgg.xml CB751B/Stamper 0 521 81068 X August 28, 2004 17:30 published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru, uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, usa 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, vic 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C John W. Stamper 2005 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2005 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typefaces Bembo 11/14 pt., Weiss, Trajan, and Janson System LATEX 2ε [tb] A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Stamper, John W. The architecture of Roman temples : the republic to the middle empire / John W. Stamper. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0-521-81068-x 1. Temples, Roman – Italy – Rome. 2. Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus (Rome, Italy) 3. Architecture, Roman – Italy – Rome – Influence. 4. Rome (Italy)
    [Show full text]