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Inclusive Rural Connectivity and Development Project

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Inclusive Rural Connectivity and Development Project Inclusive Rural Connectivity and Development Project ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Volume I ROAD DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY AND THE MINISTRY OF HIGHWAYS (July 2021) IRDCP-ESMF 1 1 Table of Contents 2 List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. 7 3 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... 9 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to the Inclusive Rural Connectivity and Development Project ................... 12 1.1 Project Description .............................................................................................................................. 12 1.1.1 Project Development Objective and Project Components .......................................................... 12 1.2 Objective of Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) ........................................ 13 1.2.1 Due diligence Principles ............................................................................................................. 14 2 Chapter 2: Introduction to Prevailing Environmental Conditions and Road Sector in Project Areas 16 2.1 Bio-Physical Environment .................................................................................................................. 16 2.1.1 Geography and Climate .............................................................................................................. 16 2.1.2 Terrestrial Water Resources ....................................................................................................... 19 2.1.3 Marine and Coastal Resources ................................................................................................... 21 2.1.4 Minerals ...................................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.5 Land resources ............................................................................................................................ 25 2.1.6 Biodiversity ................................................................................................................................ 30 2.1.7 Cultural resources ....................................................................................................................... 36 2.2 Socio-Economic Context .................................................................................................................... 37 2.2.1 ............................................................................................................................................................ 37 2.2.2 Demography ............................................................................................................................... 37 2.2.3 Economy ..................................................................................................................................... 38 2.2.4 Human Development .................................................................................................................. 39 2.2.5 Labor Force Participation ........................................................................................................... 40 2.2.6 Housing and Access to Public Utilities ...................................................................................... 41 2.2.7 Status of Women ........................................................................................................................ 41 2.2.8 Vulnerable Groups ..................................................................................................................... 43 2.3 Status of Road Sector in Sri Lanka ..................................................................................................... 44 2.3.1 Rural Roads and Community and Agricultural Infrastructure in Rural and Peri urban Areas ... 45 3 Environmental, Energy and Social Legislation, Regulatory and Institutional Framework in GoSL 48 3.1 Overview of Environmental Legislation ............................................................................................. 48 3.2 Detail Review of Key Environmental Legislations in relation to Environmental Issues and their Applicability to the IRCDP .............................................................................................................................. 49 3.3 Review of Key Legislations related to Social Risk Management and their Applicability to the IRCDP 56 3.3.1 Capacity of Sectoral Management Agencies .............................................................................. 59 4 Chapter 4: Overview of the World Bank’s Environmental and Social Framework, Relevant Environmental Standards .................................................................................................................................. 60 4.1.1 ESS 1 - Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ........... 62 4.1.2 ESS 2 – Labor and Working Conditions .................................................................................... 63 IRDCP-ESMF 2 4.1.3 ESS 3 – Resource and Efficiency, Pollution Prevention and Management ................................ 63 4.1.4 ESS 4 – Community Health and Safety ...................................................................................... 64 4.1.5 ESS 5: Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement .................. 64 4.1.6 ESS 6 – Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources 65 4.1.7 ESS 7- Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities ............................................................................................................................................... 66 4.1.8 ESS 8 – Cultural Heritage .......................................................................................................... 68 4.1.9 ESS 10 – Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure ................................................ 68 4.2 World Bank Group’s EHS Guidelines ................................................................................................ 68 5 Assessment of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts and Mitigation Measures .................... 70 5.1 Environmental and Social Risk Classification as per the World Banks ESF ...................................... 70 5.1.1 ESS 1 - Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts ........... 71 5.1.2 ESS 2 – Labor and Working Conditions .................................................................................... 72 5.1.3 ESS 3 – Resource and Efficiency, Pollution Prevention and Management ................................ 73 5.1.4 ESS 4 – Community Health and Safety ...................................................................................... 74 5.1.5 ESS 5-Land acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement .................... 74 5.1.6 ESS 6 - Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources75 5.1.7 ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities ............................................................................................................................................... 75 5.1.8 ESS 8-Cultural Heritage ............................................................................................................. 76 5.1.9 ESS 10 – Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure ................................................ 76 5.2 An Overview of Potential Environmental and Social Impacts Associated with the Proposed IRCDP Operation. ........................................................................................................................................................ 76 5.2.1 Potential Impacts Associated with Design and Siting of Project Financed Infrastructure .......... 77 5.2.2 Potential Impacts Associated with the Rehabilitation of Rural Roads and the Construction of Ancillary Community and Agrologistical Infrastructure ............................................................................ 77 5.3 Operational Phase Impacts Associated with Rural Roads and Ancillary Community and Agroecological Infrastructure .......................................................................................................................... 85 5.3.1 Potential Impacts on water resources ......................................................................................... 85 5.3.2 Disposal of unsuitable material during maintenance work ......................................................... 85 5.3.3 Extraction of material for repairing and maintenance works on rural roads and buildings ........ 85 5.3.4 Pedestrian and Motorist safety on rehabilitated rural roads........................................................ 85 5.3.5 Air Quality/Noise impacts due to rehabilitated rural roads ........................................................ 86 5.3.6 Potential impacts on Fauna from rural road usage ..................................................................... 86 5.3.7 Solid Waste and Wastewater Generation Due to use of community/agrologistical infrastructure 86 5.3.8 Fire Risk and Safety ................................................................................................................... 86 5.4 Indicative Mitigation Measures
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