Environmental Impact Assessment Report of the Proposed Project on Metro Colombo Solid Waste Management
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DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT, WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE METRO COLOMBO URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ON METRO COLOMBO SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FINAL REPORT August 2015 Prepared By: Submitted to: Central Environmental Authority, Battaramulla EML Consultants Pvt Ltd www.emlconsultants.com EIAR For the Proposed Project on Metro Colombo Solid Waste Management Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................1 1.1 Objectives of the EIA study ..............................................................................................2 1.2 Project Objective ...............................................................................................................3 1.3 Justification of the proposed project .................................................................................3 1.4 Methodologies and technologies adopted in EIA preparation ..........................................5 1.5 Laws, policies and guidelines for SWM ...........................................................................6 1.5.1 National Policy on Solid Waste Management (2007) ............................................... 6 1.5.2 National Strategy for Solid Waste Management ...................................................... 7 1.5.3 Enactment of a statutory obligation for waste treatment by MC, UC, and PS ......... 7 1.6 Approvals needed for the project from other state agencies .............................................7 1.6.1 Central Environmental Authority ............................................................................. 7 1.6.2 North Western Province – Provincial Environmental Authority .............................. 7 1.6.3 Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance – Act No. 49 of 1983 amended in 2008. ..... 7 1.6.4 Forest Ordinance – No. 17 of 1907 and subsequent amendments. ........................... 8 1.6.5 Approval of Archeological Department .................................................................... 8 1.6.6 Urban Development Authority ................................................................................. 9 1.6.7 Relevant Local Authority‟s approval ........................................................................ 9 1.6.8 Local authority .......................................................................................................... 9 1.6.9 Divisional Secretariat Kolonnawa ............................................................................ 9 1.6.10 Approval of the Ceylon Electricity Board ................................................................ 9 1.6.11 Other approvals to be obtained ................................................................................. 9 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AND REASONABLE ALTERNATIVES .................10 2.1 Project site .......................................................................................................................10 2.1.1 Meethotamulla Transfer Station ............................................................................. 10 2.1.2 Solid Waste Railway Transportation ...................................................................... 14 2.1.3 Landfill Site in Aruwakkalu.................................................................................... 15 2.2 Nature of the project ........................................................................................................20 2.2.1 Waste Collection System ........................................................................................ 20 2.2.2 Waste transfer station .............................................................................................. 25 2.3 Waste Transportation to Puttalam ...................................................................................39 EML Consultants ii EIAR For the Proposed Project on Metro Colombo Solid Waste Management 2.3.1 Distance to be transported ....................................................................................... 39 2.3.2 Railway Extension at Meethotamulla Transfer Station .......................................... 39 2.3.3 Railway extension at Aruwakkalu Transfer Station ............................................... 41 2.3.4 Improvement of the Existing railway Operation .................................................... 41 2.3.5 Proposed Unloading Transfer Station at Aruwakkalu ............................................ 41 2.3.6 Major Units ............................................................................................................. 42 2.4 Sanitary Landfill Development Plan ...............................................................................45 2.4.1 Sanitary Landfill Volume ....................................................................................... 45 2.4.2 Selection of sanitary landfill Ground Height .......................................................... 46 2.4.3 Selection of sanitary landfill method ...................................................................... 46 2.5 Land filling progress method ..........................................................................................47 2.5.1 Phased Sanitary Landfill Development Plan of the Entire Project Site .................. 48 2.5.2 Purpose and Function .............................................................................................. 50 2.5.3 Solid Waste Storage Structures ............................................................................... 51 2.5.4 Groundwater Drainage management ...................................................................... 51 2.5.5 Bottom Liner Plan ................................................................................................... 51 2.5.6 Slope Liner .............................................................................................................. 53 2.5.7 Collection & Drainage Pipe Installation ................................................................. 54 2.5.8 Storm Water Drainage ............................................................................................ 55 2.5.9 Storm Water Drainage of the infrastructure Area ................................................... 55 2.5.10 Auxiliary Facilities.................................................................................................. 56 2.5.11 Leachate collection, treatment and disposal methods ............................................. 60 2.5.12 Quality of treated effluent/possibility of reuse and recycle .................................... 62 2.5.13 Groundwater monitoring plans ............................................................................... 62 2.6 Institutional arrangement for solid waste management program ....................................64 2.7 Analysis of alternatives ...................................................................................................65 2.7.1 No action alternative: .............................................................................................. 65 2.7.2 Alternative site for transfer station ......................................................................... 65 2.7.3 Other alternate technologies to be considered ........................................................ 67 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT .....................................................70 3.1 Physical Environment .....................................................................................................70 EML Consultants iii EIAR For the Proposed Project on Metro Colombo Solid Waste Management 3.1.1 Waste transfer station at Meethotamulla ................................................................. 70 3.1.2 Sanitary Landfill Site .............................................................................................. 80 3.2 Biological Environment ..................................................................................................93 3.2.1 Waste transfer station at Meethotamulla ................................................................. 93 3.2.2 Sanitary Landfill site ............................................................................................... 93 3.3 Socio-Cultural Environment .........................................................................................111 3.3.1 Waste transfer station at Meethotamulla ............................................................... 111 3.3.2 Sanitary Landfill site ............................................................................................. 119 4 ASSESSMENT OF ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS .............................122 4.1 Construction impacts. ....................................................................................................122 4.1.1 Impacts on Physical Environment ........................................................................ 122 4.1.2 Impacts on Biological Environment ..................................................................... 132 4.1.3 Impacts on Socio- Economic Environment .......................................................... 136 4.1.4 Visual Impacts and Aesthetic changes - Construction .......................................... 139 4.1.5 Traffic Impacts ...................................................................................................... 139 4.1.6 Other Impacts .......................................................................................................