Annual Report 2010

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Annual Report 2010 Annual Report and Accounts 2010 From the Region, by the Region, for the Region Annual Report and Accounts 2010 From the Region, by the Region, for the Region Our Vision Our Values To be the leading private sector natural gas • We set and apply the highest standards of company in the Middle East, North Africa conduct and accountability and South Asia (MENASA) region generating value for our stakeholders • We respect and value everyone and embrace all kinds of diversity Our Strategy • We strive to devise and implement innovative ways to improve our business • Focus on sustainable growth in the MENASA region and fulfill our commitments across the natural gas value chain • We aim to provide a safe, healthy and • Leverage strategic relationships to maintain environmentally friendly workplace for competitive advantage our employees and business partners and to minimise the adverse effects of • Continuously enhance our technical and commercial our operations on communities and the skills to develop and operate assets safely and efficiently environment El Wastani Plant, Egypt Contents Group Operational Footprint ....................................................................................8 Group 2010 Highlights ..............................................................................................10 Group Structure ........................................................................................................12 Chairman’s Statement. ...........................................................................................13 Chief Executive’s Operational and Financial Review .........................................17 Health, Safety, Security and Environment .............................................................27 Risk Management ....................................................................................................31 Corporate Governance ..........................................................................................35 Our People ................................................................................................................49 Corporate Social Responsibility ..............................................................................53 Auditors’ Report and Financial Statements ..........................................................57 Glossary Bcf Billions of standard cubic feet AED United Arab Emirates Dirham MMboe Millions of barrels of oil equivalent bpd barrels per day MMb Millions of barrels boepd barrels of oil equivalent per day Tcf Trillions of cubic feet kboepd thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day MMscfpd Millions of standard cubic feet per day Gas is converted to barrels of oil equivalent using a conversion factor of 6000 standard cubic feet per barrel. Annual Report and Accounts 2010 Group Operational Group Operational Footprint Footprint Iraq Kurdistan Region In the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Dana Gas holds a 40% interest in Pearl Petroleum Company Ltd. (PPCL) jointly with Crescent Petroleum (40%), OMV (10%) and MOL (10%). PPCL operates the Khor Mor Field which during 2010 produced gas at a gross rate of 150 MMscfpd and condensate at a gross rate of 7400 bpd, the gas being supplied to two power stations in the region. Construction of a 300 MMscfpd gas processing plant has been completed, with LPG production commencing in January 2011. Appraisal work on Khor Mor and Chemchemal Fields is required to delineate the fields and progress full development plans. Longer term plans are to increase production capacity to meet local gas requirements and Offices for export regionally and to Europe. UAE Gas Project The UAE Gas Project to process and transport 600 MMscfpd of imported gas from Iran awaits commencement of gas deliveries. Dana Gas owns a 35% interest in Crescent Natural Gas Corporation Limited (CNGCL), the marketing organisation, and owns 100% of UGTC and Egypt Sajgas which respectively transport and process the gas. Dana Gas Egypt UGTC owns 50% of a joint venture with Dana Gas Egypt holds three Exploration Emarat which has developed a 48-inch Concessions in Egypt. It is the 100% operator diameter gas pipeline in the UAE, with a of two Exploration Concessions and produces capacity of 1000 MMscfpd to transport from eleven fields in the Nile Delta and is a 50% gas in Sharjah. joint operator of one Exploration Concession and produces from one field in Upper Egypt. During Sharjah Offshore Concession 2010, the Company produced 77 Bcf of gas and In the UAE, Dana Gas is the 100% operator 2.6 MMb of liquids, an average rate of 42.3 kboepd. of the Sharjah Offshore Concession. During The focus for 2011 will be to develop a new gas 2011, the development of the Zora Field, processing plant to the East of the Nile which, which straddles Sharjah and Ajman waters, in mid-2012, will increase total gas processing will commence with production scheduled to capacity in the Nile Delta to 400 MMscfpd. commence in mid/late 2012 at a rate of 50 to 60 MMscfpd. Gas Liquids Extraction Plant On the Gulf of Suez, Dana Gas holds a 26.4% interest in the development of a LPG recovery plant which is due to come on stream in mid-2011. 8 Dana Gas PJSC Annual Report and Accounts 2010 Dana Gas PJSC Annual Report and Accounts 2010 9 Annual Report and Accounts 2010 Group 2010 Group 2010 Highlights Highlights Operational Financial Production Growth (kboepd) Revenue (in AED Million) 2000 60 2000 2000 60 6060 2000 2000 60 60 Iraq Egypt 2000 IraqIraq EgyptEgypt IraqIraq EgyptEgypt Iraq Egypt 50 13.2 50 5050 1500 50 13.213.2 13.213.2 1500 15001500 50 13.2 15001500 40 40 4040 7.5 40 40 7.57.5 7.57.5 1000 7.5 2.0 1000 10001000 1,785 2.0 30 2.02.0 1000 1,785 1,785 30 2.02.0 1000 1,785 1,785 30 3030 42.3 1,785 30 42.3 42.3 1,279 42.3 34.7 42.3 1,279 500 1,036 1,139 1,2791,279 34.7 42.3 34.7 500 1,036 1,139 1,2791,279 1,036 1,139 20 34.720 28.9 28.9 34.7 500 1,036 1,139 500500 1,036 1,139 20 28.9 28.9 34.7 2020 28.928.9 28.928.9 500 1,036 1,139 20 28.928.9 28.928.9 10 10 1010 0 0 10 10 2007 2008 2009 20072010 2008 2009 2010 0 00 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 200720072010 20082008 20092009 20102010 0 2007 2008 2009 200720102007 20082008 20092009 20102010 2007 2008 2009 2010 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Production Replacement Ratio EBITDAX (in AED Million) 2000 2000 20002000 20002000 400% 400% 400% 400% 400% 1500 1500 400% 15001500 15001500 1000 1000 10001000 200% 400%200% 400% 10001000 400%200%200% 400%400% 200%200% 360% 400% 360% 1,440 1,440 360% 360%360% 500 500 1,034 1,4401,440 1,034 360% 229% 229% 1,4401,440500 229%229% 500 500 1,034 1,0341,034 229%229% 500 575 1,034 575 478 575 478 575575 575 478478 0% 0% 0 478478 0 0% 0 0% 2007 2008 20090% 20072010 2008 2009 2010 0 2007 2008 2009 0 2010 0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 20072010 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 200720072010 20082008 20092009 20102010 2007 2008 2009 2010 (2P Reserves Basis) 2007 2008 2009 2010 EBITDAX trend rising strongly, 2009 being above trend as a result of assets sales Proved Plus Probable Reserves (MMboe) Profit after Tax(in AED Million) 300 200 1P 300 1P 200 300 1P 200200 300 1P 300 1P 200 300 1P 200 2P 2P 2P 2P 2P 150 150 200 2P 150 3P 200 3P 150 150 200200 3P 150 200200 3P 3P 3P 100 228 253 100 228 253 100 100100 158 100 100 228228 253253 100 158 158 100228 228 253253 120 158158 100 132100 152 158 132 152 50 111 111581 158 120 100 158158 132 152 88 50 120120 67 86 94 158158 132 152 132 152 111 120120 50 111111 88 46 56 47 132 8967 152 86 94 50 111 50 88 86 46 67 8686 56 94 47 89 50 88 88 0 67 86 94 4646 67 5656 94 4747 8989 88 4646 672007 5656 942008 4747 20090 8989 2010 0 0 00 2007 2008 2009 2010 0 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 00 2010 2007 2008 2009 20072010 2008 2009 2010 0 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010 Egypt Safety Exploration Cash generated Consistency Capex Five new fields were brought 6.8 million man hours worked Three years of continued from operating Dana Gas generated four Capital expenditure AED 740 on stream in Egypt’s Nile with zero fatalities. There exploration success with quarters of consistent profits in millon, down from AED 924 Delta contributing to the 20% is a focus on health, safety, sixteen discoveries, and risked activities 2010, with minimal exploration million in 2009 as facilities in the increase in production in Egypt security and the environment resources in the Egypt Nile write downs and asset value Kurdistan Region of Iraq were and a 90% increase in proved across the group Delta of 1.8 trillion cubic feet reduction, reflecting the strong brought into production reserves and 15% in proved of gas +25% balance sheet plus probable reserves 10 Dana Gas PJSC Annual Report and Accounts 2010 Dana Gas PJSC Annual Report and Accounts 2010 11 Group Structure Dana Gas PJSC Dana Gas SajGas UGTC CNGCL Pearl Danagaz GasCities Chairman’s Statement Egypt Petroleum 100% 100% 100% 35% 40% 66% 50% Diagram shows a simplified Group Structure EBGDCo 40% 12 Dana Gas PJSC Annual Report and Accounts 2010 Annual Report and Accounts 2010 Chairman’s Chairman’s Statement Statement These realities underpin the original vision of our founders to create a MENASA Region gas “ champion in Dana Gas I am pleased to report that Dana Gas achieved commendable performance during 2010, despite challenging global economic conditions Hamid Jafar Chairman of the Board I am pleased to report that Dana Gas achieved champion in Dana Gas, and we remain true to and rationalising the Company’s cost base. and proved plus probable reserves have commendable performance during 2010, that vision. The Company continues to develop The management team is also putting in place increased by 15% to 152 MMboe.
Recommended publications
  • Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition Life Science Journal L I F E S C I E N C Marsland Press E J O U
    Volume 10, Number 1 (Cumulative No.32) Par t 1 March 25, 2013 ISSN:1097-8135 Volume 10, Number 1, Par t 1 March 25, 2013 ISSN:1097-8135 Life Science Journal Acta Zhengzhou University Overseas Edition Life Science Journal L i f e S c i e n c Marsland Press e J o u PO Box 180432 r n a Richmond Hill, New York 11418, USA l 2 0 1 3 Vo Website: http://www.lifesciencesite.com l u m e 1 0 , N Emails: u m b [email protected] e r 1 [email protected] , P a r t 1 I S Phone: (347) 321-7172 S N : 1 0 9 7 - 8 1 3 5 Cover design: CAO, Zhaolong Photograph: YANG, Yizhong; YOUNG, Mary ISSN 1097-8135 Website: http://www.lifesciencesite.com Copyright © 2013 Marsland Press / Zhengzhou University Emails: MARSLAND PRESS [email protected] Multidisciplinary Academic Journal Publisher [email protected] 9 771097 813002 Volume 10, Number 1, Par t 1 March 25, 2013 ISSN:1097-8135 Life Science Journal Website: http://www.lifesciencesite.com Emails: MARSLAND PRESS [email protected] Multidisciplinary Academic Journal Publisher [email protected] Life Science Journal ISSN: 1097-8135 http://www.lifesciencesite.com Life Science Journal - Acta Zhengzhou University Oversea Version ISSN: 1097-8135 Life Science Journal, the Acta Zhengzhou University Oversea Version, is an international journal with the purpose to enhance our natural and scientific knowledge dissemination in the world under the free publication principle. The journal is calling for papers from all who are associated with Zhengzhou University-home and abroad.
    [Show full text]
  • ACLED) - Revised 2Nd Edition Compiled by ACCORD, 11 January 2018
    EGYPT, YEAR 2015: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) - Revised 2nd edition compiled by ACCORD, 11 January 2018 National borders: GADM, November 2015b; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015a; Hala’ib triangle and Bir Tawil: UN Cartographic Section, March 2012; Occupied Palestinian Territory border status: UN Cartographic Sec- tion, January 2004; incident data: ACLED, undated; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 Conflict incidents by category Development of conflict incidents from 2006 to 2015 category number of incidents sum of fatalities battle 314 1765 riots/protests 311 33 remote violence 309 644 violence against civilians 193 404 strategic developments 117 8 total 1244 2854 This table is based on data from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project This graph is based on data from the Armed Conflict Location & Event (datasets used: ACLED, undated). Data Project (datasets used: ACLED, undated). EGYPT, YEAR 2015: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) - REVISED 2ND EDITION COMPILED BY ACCORD, 11 JANUARY 2018 LOCALIZATION OF CONFLICT INCIDENTS Note: The following list is an overview of the incident data included in the ACLED dataset. More details are available in the actual dataset (date, location data, event type, involved actors, information sources, etc.). In the following list, the names of event locations are taken from ACLED, while the administrative region names are taken from GADM data which serves as the basis for the map above. In Ad Daqahliyah, 18 incidents killing 4 people were reported. The following locations were affected: Al Mansurah, Bani Ebeid, Gamasa, Kom el Nour, Mit Salsil, Sursuq, Talkha.
    [Show full text]
  • Human-Induced Sedímentologícal Changes in Manzala Lagoon, Nile Delta, Egypt
    Cases and solutions Human-induced sedímentologícal changes in Manzala Lagoon, Nile Delta, Egypt G. Randazzo • D. J. Stanley • S. I. Di Gerónimo • C. Amore Introduction Abstract The Manzala Lagoon in Egypt's Nile ' »el- ta has become a sediment sink of reduced area and Wetlands in the northern part of the Nile Delta have depth, with increased contaminant levels. Loss of been significantly altered by anthropogenic activity dur- much-needed fresh to brackish water reserves and ing the past century. These serve as large, much-needed decreased fish catches have serious ramifications. fresh to brackish water reservoirs anc major fish re- Herein, maps of temporal and regional sediment sources for Egypt (George 1972). The marsh and lagoon distributions in Manzala incorporate petrological systems, of which only four remain in the delta (Maryut, and statistical analyses of 200 surficial and short Idku, BuruUus, Manzala), continue to be reduced in area core samples. These provide baseline information and otherwise modified as a function of increased popu- needed to help implement protection measures for lafion pressures (Sestini 1989; Stanley and Warne 1993). this vital wetland. Four periods are considered: Since the turn of the century, the margin configuration 1920s, 1940s, ~ 1965, and 1990. Important deposi- and hydrographie, floral, faunal, and other attributes of tional changes between 1940s and ~ 1965 resulted the delta wetlands, positioned near the Mediterranean from anthropogenic effects on this quasi-closed la- coast (inset. Fig. 1), have been markedly altered. Numer- goon system, including industrial buildup, wetland ous articles and unpublished reports (citations in Keram- conversion to agricultural land, and irrigation wa- brun 1986) summarize attributes of the lagoons and adja- terway development.
    [Show full text]
  • Labor and Professional, and Social Protests During Jan 2019
    The Arabic Network for Human Rights Information ANHRI Program of freedom of expression of workers and social movements Labor and Social Protest Index during January 2019 Introduction January has witnessed no major protests, but in general we can say that the number of participants in the protests in most of the labor and professional protests was estimated by hundreds, or dozens, while individualism dominated the social mobility; at best the number of participants in the protests did not reach thousands, except in the case of solidarity with the Bar Association during the hearing to appeal the sentence of imprisonment for failure to implement a judicial ruling, and the failure to implement the provisions of registration of graduates of open education on the registration schedule of the union. In terms of the authorities' handling of the protests, labor protests were mostly dominated by negotiations, while social protests were mostly dominated by repression and intimidation, or even being ended automatically. The program monitored 47 protests during the month of January, including 11 labor and professional protests, and 36 social, summarized as follows: Labor and Professional, and Social protests during Jan 2019 23.40% 76.60% Labor and Professional 23.4% Social 76.6% I- Labor and Professional Protests: The program has monitored 11 labor and professional protests, distributed as follows: 1- Protests: 4 cases 2- Strike to work: 2 cases 3- Hunger strikes: 2 cases 4- Sit in: 2 cases 5- Threatening to protest: 1 case. Methods of Labor and Professional Protesting during Jan 2019 9.10%, 9% 18.20%, 18% 36.40%, 37% 18.20%, 18% 18.20%, 18% Protest 36.4% Strike to work 18.2% hunger strike 18.2% Sit in 18.2% Threats to protest 9.1% The details of such protests go as follows: A.
    [Show full text]
  • Plate 1. Satellite Mosaic of the River Nile Delta in Egypt, Compiled by Earth Satellite Corporation, Using Landsat Images from 1972 to 1990
    Plate 1. Satellite mosaic of the River Nile delta in Egypt, compiled by Earth Satellite Corporation, using Landsat images from 1972 to 1990. The image records Cairo at the delta apex, vegetation (red), urban expansion (yellow), development of large sand dunes (pink), coastal erosion (especially of the two promontories), and formation of salt pans (white, far right). Reclamation projects are draining what is left of lagoons and marshes (green). The Sweet Water Canal (red) extends from the eastern delta margin to the Suez Canal. Conversion of desert to agriculture along the delta margins is shown in light blue. Further explanations are presented in the accompanying article. Photo provided by D.J. Stanley, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Journal of Coastal Research 794-825 Royal Palm Beach, Florida Summer 1998 Nile Delta in its Destruction Phase Daniel Jean Stanley and Andrew G. Warne Deltas-Global Cha nge CEWES -GG-YH Program Waterways Experiment Paleobio logy E-206 NMNH Station Smithsonian Institution 3909 Halls Ferry Road Washington D.C. 20560, Vicksburg, MS 39180, U.S.A. U.S.A. ABSTRACT_•••••••••••••••••••••••••••_ STANLEY, D.J. and WARNE, A.G., 1998. Nile Delta in its Destruction Phase . Journa l of Coastal Research, 14(3), ,tflllllll:. 794-825 . Royal Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. ~ All deltas undergo alternating construction to destruction phases due to fundamental changes in the relative influence of sediment input from rivers and redistribution by marine coastal processes. During the past 7000 years world deltas , susu~_~if including the Nile, have been in an overall construction phase. However, the Nile delta has converted to a destruction =-+ +.LU phase during the past 150 years, triggered by water regulation which has disrupted the balance among sediment influx, erosive effects of coastal processes, and subside nce.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Entire 2015-2016 Annual Report In
    THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE 2015–2016 ANNUAL REPORT © 2016 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2016. Printed in the United States of America. The Oriental Institute, Chicago ISBN: 978-1-61491-035-0 Editor: Gil J. Stein Production facilitated by Emily Smith, Editorial Assistant, Publications Office Cover and overleaf illustration: Eastern stairway relief and columns of the Apadana at Persepolis. Herzfeld Expedition, 1933 (D. 13302) The pages that divide the sections of this year’s report feature images from the special exhibit “Persepolis: Images of an Empire,” on view in the Marshall and Doris Holleb Family Gallery for Special Exhibits, October 11, 2015, through September 3, 2017. See Ernst E. Herzfeld and Erich F. Schmidt, directors of the Oriental Institute’s archaeological expedition to Persepolis, on page 10. Printed by King Printing Company, Inc., Lowell, Massachusetts, USA CONTENTS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION. Gil J. Stein ........................................................ 5 IN MEMORIAM . 7 RESEARCH PROJECT REPORTS ÇADıR HÖYÜK . Gregory McMahon ............................................................ 13 CENTER FOR ANciENT MıDDLE EASTERN LANDSCAPES (CAMEL) . Emily Hammer ........................ 18 ChicAGO DEMOTic DicTıONARY (CDD) . Janet H. Johnson .......................................... 28 ChicAGO HıTTıTE AND ELECTRONic HıTTıTE DicTıONARY (CHD AND eCHD) . Theo van den Hout ........... 33 DENDARA . Gregory Marouard................................................................ 35 EASTERN
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Some Anthropogenic Activities on River Nile Delta Wetland Ecosystems
    vv Life Sciences Group Global Journal of Ecology DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/gje CC By Mohamed M El-Shazly* Research Article Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, P. O. 12613, Egypt The impact of some anthropogenic Received: 08 January, 2019 Accepted: 21 January, 2019 Published: 23 January, 2019 activities on river Nile delta wetland *Corresponding author: Mohamed M El-Shazly, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, ecosystems Cairo University, Giza, P. O. 12613, Egypt, Tel: (002) 01227654174; Fax: (002) 0235727556; E-mail: Abstract Keywords: Nile river; Delta lagoons; Traces metals; Wetland degradation; Tilapia zillii; Phragmites austra- The River Nile delta shallow lakes namely, Edku, Burullus and Manzala are natural wetland ecosystems, lis; Lake management connected to fresh water sources at the south and to the open sea at the north. Throughout their relatively https://www.peertechz.com short geological and hydrological history, the lakes received unpolluted fresh water from the river Nile. Egyptians have begun practicing some form of water management for agriculture and transportation since about 5,000 years ago. As a result of agricultural and industrial development over the last century, the lagoons have been the end points of the last Egyptian use of the Nile water before fl owing to the Mediterranean Sea; currently, the lakes receive fresh water from polluted drains infl ow. In the present investigation, we studied some common characters of the lakes; including the accumulation of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, Fe, and Al in water, surface sediments, Tilapia zillii fi sh, and the common reed, Phragmites austrlis.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAt USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized s'j 3/03 - r ReportNo. 6641-EGT Public Disclosure Authorized STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FOURTHPOWER PROJECT MAY30, 1989 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Industryand EnergyOperations Division CountryDepartment III Europe,Middle East and North AfricaRegional Office Thisdocument has a retrcteddistibtion and may be usedby reeipIenonly in the performance of theirofficid dudes. Its contents may nototherwise be disclosed wthout Wodd Bank*uthiohaid. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Egyptian Pound (LE) LE 1.00 = 1000 Milliemes = US$0.42 (Average FY88) US$1.00 = LE 2.41 (Average FY88-89) LE 1.00 = 100 Piastres (PT) FISCAL YEAR July 1 - June 30 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES MVA = Megavolt ampere (thousandkilovolt amperes = 103kVA) MW = Megawatt (thousandkilowatts - kW) kWh = Kilowatt hour (= 860.42 kcal) GWh = Gigawatt hour (million kilowatt hours) TWh = Terawatt hour (thousandGWh) kcals = Ki.localories(1 kcal = 3.97 Btu) m = Meter (3.281 feet) km = Kilometer (0.62 miles) ton = Tonne (1.1 short ton) TOE = Tons oil equivalent (10.415 x l'6 kcal) MTOE = Million TOE kV = Kilovolt (1,000 volts) Hz = Herz (cycle/second) sec = second 1 _ Liter (61.024 cubic inches) Nm3 = Normal m3 (35.31 cubic feet) rpm = Revolution per minute pf = Power factor I barrel (bbl) = 158.987 liters bar = bar (14.50 pounds/squareinch) m2 = Square meter (10.7b square feet) Ppm = parts per million PRINCIPAL ABBREvIATIONS AND ACRONYMS USED ADB = African Development
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment the Seasonal Variability and Enrichment of Toxic Trace Metals Pollution in Sediments of Damietta Branch, Nile River, Egypt
    water Article Assessment the Seasonal Variability and Enrichment of Toxic Trace Metals Pollution in Sediments of Damietta Branch, Nile River, Egypt Mostafa Redwan 1,* and Engy Elhaddad 2 1 Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt 2 National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo 11562, Egypt; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +20-934605602-2918 Received: 26 October 2020; Accepted: 27 November 2020; Published: 30 November 2020 Abstract: This work appraises the extent of toxic trace metals and seasonal pollution degree in Damietta branch sediments of the River Nile of Egypt. The toxic trace metals Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analysed in sediments from six sites during the summer and winter seasons. The metal concentrations and organic matter were determined using inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry and loss-on-ignition, respectively. Multivariate statistical methods were used in order to allocate the possible metals sources and their relationships in sediments. The seasonal mean sequence of toxic trace metals was: Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Co > Cd. The mean Cd, Pb, and Zn values exceeded the sediment quality guidelines and average shale and they represent severe potential toxicity for aquatic organisms. Cu and Co were enriched during winter. The geo-accumulation index stipulated that metal pollution degree in the sequence of: Pb > Zn > Cd > Co > Cu > Mn > Ni > Fe. The highest metal pollution index reported in winter in sites S4/S5 and during summer in sites S4–S6. Different agricultural, wastewater discharge, fisheries, and industrial activities, as well as the effect of dilution/concentration during summer/winter seasons, are the main factors that contributed to metal accumulations in Damietta branch sediments.
    [Show full text]
  • PEAT CHARACTERISTICS and DISTRIBUTION at the NORTH of DELTA NILE (Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate) Ashraf E
    Al-Azhar University Civil Engineering Research Magazine (CERM) Vol. (41) No. (1) January, 2019 PEAT CHARACTERISTICS AND DISTRIBUTION AT THE NORTH OF DELTA NILE (Kafr El-Sheikh governorate) Ashraf E. abdel-Salam1& Hayel M. El-Naggar2 1Associate Professor, Housing & Building Research Center, (HBRC) Cairo, Egypt 2Associate Lecturer, Housing & Building Research Center, (HBRC) Cairo, Egypt الملخص يعتبر البيت احدى انواع التربة ذات المشاكل حيث تتكون من جذور النباتات المتفحمة جزئيا وتوجد بشكل منفرد أو مختلطة بالمواد العضوية وتكون على شكل الياف وتنتشر فى المناطق اﻻستوائية بمناطق البرك والمستنقعات التى تنحسر عنها المياه فيحدث تحلل لجذور واوراق النباتات ،ويصنف البيت على اساس نسبة ما يحتوية من مواد عضوية والياف ورماد وعادة ما يكون لونه بني داكن الى أسود. التعريف الدقيق للبيت عبارة عن تربة عضوية ذات محتوى عضوي يزيد عن 75٪ ويعتمد التعريف الهندسى للبيت على خصائصة الفيزيقية والميكانيكية ،وتنتشر فى مصر فى منطقة وسط وشمال الدلتا حيث توجد على شكل طبقات يتراوح سمكها من متر الى ثﻻثة امتار واحيانا تكون متداخلة مع تكوينات الطين اللين ويختلف عمقها من مكان الى اخر حيث توجد قريبة من سطح اﻻرض كما فى كفر سعد اوعلى اعماق كبيرة كما فى رشيد. ومن خصائصها إرتفاع نسبة المحتوى المائى لها ، عدم تحملها لﻻحمال الواقعة عليها وذلك ﻷنضغاطيتها العالية تحت تأثير اﻻحمال وإعادة التشكل بسهولة عند رفع الحمل عنها وكذلك ضعف مقاومتها لقوى القص . مما يجعلها ﻻ تصلح للتأسيس المباشر عليها. ويهدف هذا البحث الى تحديد اماكن انتشار واعماق البيت فى محافظة كفرالشيخ وتحديد خصائصة الميكانيكية والفيزيقية بناء على عينات تم تجميعها من خﻻل مجموعة من الجسات المنفذة بواسطة المركز القومى لبحوث اﻻسكان والبناء بمحافظة كفر الشيخ ABSTRACT Peat is considered extremely soft, wet unconsolidated superficial deposits.
    [Show full text]
  • Nouvelles Tendances De L'urbanisation En
    EN EGYPTE NOUVELLES TENDANCES- DE L' URBANISATION EN EGYPTE : RUPTURES OU CONTINUITES ? Gdb ELKADI ORSTOM i nous considerom les dkfinitions les plus courantes de l'urbanisation, A savoir 'l'action de creer des villes ou d'étendre l'espace urbain' et 'la concentration croissante des populations dans les villes et dans les agglomkrations wbaines' snous constatons que les recentes données statistiques sur l'urbanisation en (l), Egypte les contredisent partiellement. Ainsi, l'une des dondes les plus frappantes est la stagnation de 1'6volulion de la population urbaine au cours des dix demieres anas(43.8% de l'ensemble en 1976,contre 43,9% en 1986).(2). Or, celleh n'avait cess4 d'augmenter d'une kpn continue et soutenue depuis le debut de ce siede (17,2% en 1907, 264% er: 1937, 37,5% en 1960 et G,8%en 1976). Simultanbment, le nombre de localites rurales &ri- gees en villes au cours de la dbcennie BcoulBe (17 loCalit6s) represente moins du tiers de celles qui ont acc6d6 A ce statut entre 1960 et 1976 (54 localit6s). A ces donnees il faut ajouter la rbgression, voire la chute spectaculaire dans certains cas, du taux de croissance des metropoles et des grandes villes, contrastant avec une dynamique relative des villes moyennes (20 O00 A moins de 100 O00 habi- tants) et une très forte croissance des petites villes et des agglomerations dites ru- rales. Ce relatif ralentissement de l'urbanisation dans un pays qui subit une nouvelle revolution &mographique nous amène A poser un certain nombre de questions. II s'agit d'abord de s'interroger sur les notions d' 'urbanil8' et de 'ruralit6' en Egypte, car c'est souvent I'ambiguïtk ou I'impr6cision de ces concepls qui pervertissent les donnees de base sur la croissance et, par con&!quent, faussent l'ensemble des rksultats de l'analyse.
    [Show full text]
  • THE NILE RIVER DELTA COAST and ALEXANDRIA SEAPORT, EGYPT a BRIEF OVERVIEW of Mstory, PROBLEMS, and MITIGATION
    University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1718 Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory; Report UCB/BEL 2009-1 THE NILE RIVER DELTA COAST AND ALEXANDRIA SEAPORT, EGYPT A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF mSTORY, PROBLEMS, AND MITIGATION By Robert L. Wiegel, Professor Emeritus Dept. Civil & Environmental Engineering 410 O'Brien Hall, MC 1718 University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1718 Berkeley, California 94720-1718 23 November 2009 University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1718 Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, Report UCBIHEL 2009-1 THE NILE RIVER DELTA COAST AND ALEXANDRIA SEAPORT, EGYPT A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF mSTORY, PROBLEMS, AND MITIGATION By Robert L. Wiegel, Professor Emeritus Dept. Civil & Environmental Engineering 410 O'Brien Hall, Me 1718 University ofCalifomia, Berkeley, CA 94720-1718 Berkeley, California 94720-1718 23 November 2009 i List of Figures Table of Contents Figure 1. Plot of Delta Width versus Shoreline Length for Additional Keywords Major Deltas of the World. (From IT. Wells and J.M. Abstract Coleman, 1984; permission to use from J.M. Coleman) Introduction Alexandria, Egypt; Conference Venue - A Little About Its Fi~e ? Key Map Showing Existing and Old Nile Ancient and Modern Harbors/Ports Tributaries, (From Barakat and Imam, in UNDP/UNESCO Nile River Delta Littoral Sediment Cell 1976,p.38) , Nile River Delta, Egypt River Flows and Sediment Transport; Additional Figure 3. The Delta Coast and Nile Branches in Classical Information ' Times 01 BC - IIAD) (From UNDP Project EGY/83/003 Nile Delta Shore Protection Master Plan 5-] 6 Aug. 1983, p. 15) , Acknowledgements References Fipe 4. Schematic Diagram of the Hydraulic Works in the List of Figures Nile Valley.
    [Show full text]