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Australia's Dental Generations: The Australia’s dental generations The National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004–06 DENTAL STATISTICS AND RESEARCH SERIES Number 34 Australia’s dental generations The National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004–06 Edited by Gary D Slade, A John Spencer and Kaye F Roberts-Thomson 2007 AIHW cat. no. DEN 165 © Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2007 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be directed to the Head, Business Promotion and Media Unit, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, GPO Box 570, Canberra ACT 2601. This is a publication in the Dental Statistics and Research Series published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. A complete list of the Institute’s publications is available from the Business Promotion and Media Unit, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, GPO Box 570, Canberra ACT 2601, or via the Institute’s website: <http://www.aihw.gov.au>. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare’s Dental Statistics and Research Unit is located within the Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health at The University of Adelaide. A complete list of the Centre’s publications, including the Dental Statistics and Research Series and other related publications is available from ARCPOH, School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, or via the ARCPOH website: <http://www.arcpoh.adelaide.edu.au>. ISSN 1321–0254 ISBN 13: 978 1 74024 654 5 Suggested citation. (Replace italicised text with details of relevant Chapter.) Chapter Author(s). Chapter title. In: Slade GD, Spencer AJ, Roberts-Thomson KF (Editors). Australia’s dental generations: the National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004–06. AIHW cat. no. DEN 165. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (Dental Statistics and Research Series No. 34). 2007. Chapter page numbers. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Board Chair Director Hon. Peter Collins, AM, QC Penny Allbon Cover design by Arris Pty Ltd: <http://www.arris.com.au>. Copy editing by Jo Mason. Layout by Bruno Carocci, Arris. Published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Printed by Union Offset Printers. Images on cover sourced from: x Photographs courtesy of the state library: B52541, PRG280/1/28/251, B61461, PRG280/1/39/130, PRG280/1/20/21. x Photograph courtesy of the South Australian Dental Service. x Original photography by Frank Varano. Contributors Authors Loc Do, NHMRC Research Fellow, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Anne Ellershaw, Research Assistant, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Jane Harford, NHMRC Research Fellow, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Gloria Mejia, Research Associate, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Kaye Roberts-Thomson, Senior Research Fellow, Director Colgate Dental Practice Education Research Unit; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Anne Sanders, NHMRC Sidney Sax Fellow, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Paul Sendziuk, Lecturer, School of History and Politics, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Gary D Slade, Professor of Oral Epidemiology; Director, AIHW Dental Statistics and Research Unit; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia A John Spencer, Professor of Social and Preventive Dentistry; Director, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Research personnel Carmen Koster, Research Assistant, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Sonia Laidlaw, Research Assistant, School of History and Politics, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Liana Luzzi, NHMRC Research Fellow, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Judy Stewart, Research Officer, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia. Troy Stone, Research Assistant, School of History and Politics, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia International consultants Dr Bruce Dye, National Center for Health Statistics, USA Professor Jimmy Steele, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK Administrative personnel Beverly Ellis, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Jennifer Hughes, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Lorna Lucas, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Alison McLean, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia Acknowledgments Collaborating state and territory health departments New South Wales Health, Centre for Oral Health Strategy Victorian Department of Human Services, Dental Health Unit Queensland Health, Oral Health Unit South Australian Dental Service Western Australian Dental Health Services Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services, Oral Health Services Australian Capital Territory, Community Health Dental Program Northern Territory Health, Health Development and Oral Health Section Scientific Advisory Committee members Associate Professor Peter Barnard, Australian Dental Association Associate Professor Mike Morgan, University of Melbourne Mr Gary Niedorfer, Australian Bureau of Statistics Professor Brian Oldenburg, Monash University Professor Eric Reynolds, University of Melbourne Dr Ken Tallis, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Community and Professional Advisory Committee members Dr Louise Brown, Australian and New Zealand Academy of Periodontists Ms Samantha Edmonds, Council of Social Service of NSW (NCOSS) Mr Errol Evans, Oral Health Unit, Queensland Health (Alternate Dr Paul Wood) Ms Chris Morris, South Australian Dental Service Dr David Neesham, Dental Health Services, Western Australia (Alternate Dr Martin Glick) Dr Bill O’Reilly, Australian Dental Association Federal Executive Ms Lindsay Simmons, Council of the Ageing Ms Tracey Slater, Department of Human Services, Victoria Funding sources for the 2004–06 National Survey of Adult Oral Health National Health and Medical Research Council, Project Grant #299060 National Health and Medical Research Council, Project Grant #349514 National Health and Medical Research Council, Capacity Building Grant #349537 Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Population Health Division Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Colgate Oral Care Australian Dental Association US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Research Participation Program Contents Overview of results..............................................................................................................xi 1 Introduction..................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose of this report ............................................................................................... 2 1.2 Why was the Survey undertaken? .......................................................................... 2 1.3 Genesis of the 2004–06 survey................................................................................. 9 1.4 Organisation of this report..................................................................................... 10 2 Survey aims and methods ........................................................... 11 2.1 Aims of the Survey.................................................................................................. 11 2.2 Study population and sampling............................................................................ 12 2.3 Computer-assisted telephone interview .............................................................. 14 2.4 Oral epidemiological examination........................................................................ 16 2.5 Period of data collection......................................................................................... 24 2.6 Ethical conduct of research .................................................................................... 25 2.7 Target sample size................................................................................................... 25 2.8 Weighting of data for analysis............................................................................... 26 2.9 Reporting 95% confidence intervals to express sampling variability .............. 26 2.10 Data analysis............................................................................................................ 27 3 Participation in the Survey .......................................................... 37 3.1 Participation rates in the Survey ........................................................................... 38 3.2 Assessment of non-participation bias................................................................... 40 3.3 Sociodemographic characteristics of the population.......................................... 51 4 The historical context of Australia’s oral health.......................
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