1919. CONGR.ESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENATE. 28il
Also, petition of Th~~us A. Sullivan, Capt. Edward Dayton, PROPAG.AJI.""DA FOR LEGISLATION. and 44 citizens· of Kenosha, ·wis., requesting the repeal of section 1\fr. TH0:;\1AS. l\:lr. President, during the last two or three 904 of the revenue law; to the Committee on Ways and Means. da.j·s my mail has been largely burdened "'ith letters, some of By Mr. REBER: Petition of John Biskis and Peter Busca-vage, which are written, some in printed form, but practically identical of Tamaqua, Pa., and of Joseph Abravzinsky and John A. Rut in language, of which this is a sample: . kowsky, of Shenandoah, Pa., asking that the United States de The writer wishes to protest against the passage of Senate bill 2202, manu the withdrawal of Polish troops from Lithuanian terTi- · i~;la?f:t~K.on . bill, on account of it being unjust, un-American, and tory and give to Lithuania a moral support in her war against Bolshevism; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. The bill referred to is that introduced by the Senator from By Mr. TINKHAM: Petition of the employees of the Boston Iowa [Mr. KENYoN] to regulate the packing industry. l\Iy pur Navy Yard, urging 44-hour week for employees of United States pose in reading this communication into the RECORD is to em Navy Department; to the Committee on Labor. phasize the fact that a very obvious and :;t very common system Also, petition of the Bottlers and Drivers' Union, No. 122, of propaganda has been inaugurated against the bill. in favor of the league of nations; to the Committee on Foreign I am not famill:ar with the merits of Vte bill; it may be Affairs. subject to all the epithets which are made against it in this By Mr. YATES: Petition of Nikolaus Kuhn, 3009, Thirty correspondence; but it would seem to me that those who are eighth Place, Chicago, Ill., protesting against the United initiating it either have a very low opinion of the intelligence States joining the league of nations ; to the Committee on of the average Senator or else they go upon the theory that by Foreign Affairs. . demonstrating considerable political strength they can influ Also, petition of the Tenk Hardware Co., of Quincy, Til., ence Senators in their ultimate determination of this bill. As protesting against reduction of postal rates on advertising a l\lember of this body I want to protest against the constant pages of magazines ; to the Committee on the Post Office and tendency to either oppose or commend to our attention bills Post Roads. and business before it by that method of appeal. It is becom Also, petition of the Farm Implement News, Masonic Tem ing a nuisance and particularly to those of us who have other ple, Chicago, Ill., urging repeal of zone postal rate adYance; correspondence that is of substantial value to attend to. to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads. :MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. Also, petition of Schneider & Metzger, Peoria, Ill., urging A message from the House of Representatives, by D. K. Hemp repeal of luxury tax, and also urging that Congress put an stead, its enrolling clerk, announced that the House had passed end to inefficient administration of our railroad and express a bill (H. R. 7343) making appropriations for sundry civil ex systems which are unendurable; to the Committee on Ways penses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, and :Means. 1920, and for other purposes, in which it requested the concur Also, petition of Keith Swartz, Anti-Saloon League, Dixon, rence of the Senate. Ill.; Joseph J. Edwards, Forrest, Til.; and Edward F. Ritten house, Pontiac, Ill., all urging enforcement of prohibition; to the HOUSE RILL REFERRED. Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 7343, an act making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending Jtme 30, 1920, and for other purposes, was read twice by its title, and, SENATE. on motion of Mr. W AnnEN, referred to the Committee on Appro priations. FniDAY, July 18, 1919. :?.IILITARY AIR SERVICE. The Chaplain, Rev. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D., offered the 1\Ir. THOMAS. l\fr. President, while I have the :floor I want following prayer : to refer to another subject briefly, and I will preface what I Almighty God, we present ourselves to Thee and open our have to say by reading a very brief clipping from this morn hearts for the reception of Thy truth. Thou bast promised that ing's Washington Post. It is entitled "Air Service drops plans": Thou wilt write Thy laws in our hearts, and in our minds Thou SQUADllONS AB..I.NDONED, AS OFFICERS WILL BE O~LY 222 OY SEPTEMBER 30, Plans for the establishment of four observation air squadrons in the wilt establish them. So we pray as we journey on to the duties Philippines as part of the basic defense of the islands will have to be of this day that we may have the guidance of the inward moni· abandoned, Army officials said yesterday, unless some remedy is found tOi:-the law that is written deep in our own hearts, that is in for the present situation of the Air Service. Each of these squadrons requires 41 flying officers, and the entire commissioned personnel of the conformity to the will of God. May we feel that our highest service will number only 222 by September 30. obligation is to do that which is pleasing in Thy sight. So do Other important projects to be abandoned include 3 squadrons for Thou bless us this day. For Christ's sake. Amen. Hawaii, 3 squadrons for Panama and 2 for the border patrol, and 40 The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's balloon companies for the United States. proceedings when, on request of Mr. CURTIS and by unanimous This announcement is doubtless due to the fact that the com consent, the further reading was dispensed with and the Journal mittee of conference on the Army supply bill were unable to agree was approved. upon a greater amount than $25,000,000 for the Army Air Serv CABLEGRAM FROM THE ARGENTINE SENATE. ice, a sum which would be as well expended if it were taken out into midocean and sunk to the bottom of the sea, so far as any The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair lays before the Senate permanent benefit that it will confer upon our air service is con a cablegram from the President of the Senate of the Argentine cerned. The Senate Committee on l\Hlitary Affairs, with prac j Nation, expressing its intense satisfaction for the signing of the tical unal;li.mity, recommended, and reported, and the Senate , treaty of peace, which will be referred to the Committee on For adopted, an appropriation of twice that amount, which was the . eign Relations. lowest limit under the hearings that was commensurate with PERMANENT RANK OF SUPERIOR OFFICERS (H. DOC. NO. 153}. the adequacy and the needs of this service. . The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following Now, I believe in economy as earnestly as any man, but I pro message from the President of the United States, which was test against that false economy which consigns this great arm of read, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered the service, both for offense and defense, into what is virtual to be printed : abandoDinent. · l\fr. President, the Air Servic~ is the coming arm for defen To the Senate and Hottse ot Representatives: si"e and for offensive purposes. It is so fully appreciated and I take the liberty of calling your attention to a matter which recognized by our late allies in the war that they, notwithstand I am sure is at the heart of the whole country, and which I ing their depleted finances ~nd bu_rden of ta~tion, are bendin~ have had very much in mind throughout all these months when their energies and devoting large appropriations to the develop we were trying to arrange a peace that would be worthy of the ment of this sen-ice. We, with whom the airship originated- . spirit and achievements of the men who won tile victory in the for it is an American invention-and who found ourselves so , field and on the sea. After mature reflection, I earnest!y recom- handicapped because of om· neglect of it at the time we entered mend that you give the permanent rank of general to John J". into the war, now,propose to give little, if any, attention to it, in , Pershing and Peyton C. March, expressing the law in such a way consequence of which, if trouble again arises, we shall be in the , as to give precedence to Gen. Pershing; and that you gi"e the same situation in which we were when war was declared ;permanent ranlr of admiral to William S. Benson and William S. against Germany. . , , Sims. I take it for granted that I am only anticipating your own Mr. President, if the information which the public receiv,e thoughts in proposing these honors for the men upon whom the from the administration is reliable-and I hope it is-to the principal responsibilities devolved for achieving the great results effect that the policy of "watchful waiting" "\Vi.th regard to which our incomparable Navy and Army accomplished. Mexico is to be. abandoned, and if we are to assume a firm WOODROW WILSO~. attitude toward that country, we may lwppen to be precipitated THE 'Vm:TE R ment, telegram, telephone, letter, pru;ted or written matter, or other AUSTIN, TEX., July 10, 1919. device, intended or designed to influence in any manner a Member of Gov. 0. A. L.A.nRAZOLo, _ Congress, to favor or oppose, by vote or otherwise, any legisla~on or Santa Fe, N. Me~ .: appropriation by Congress, whether before or after the introduction of any bill or resolution proposing such legislation or appropriation; but Knowing the Mexican situation as I do and believing that some this shall not prev€'nt officers and employees of the United States from action by the United States Government with reference to conditions communicating to Members of Congress on the request of any Member or in Mexico and along the border will be necessary in the near future;" to CongTess, through the proper official channels, requests for legislation I view with alarm the action of the War Department in demobilizing or appropriations which they deem necessary for the efficient conduct of and discharging all officers of the National Army, which will prac the public bu iness. tically wipe out the Air Service. To my mind, it is imperative that a .Any officer Ol' emnloyee of the United States who, after notice and Congress make some provisions for continuation in service of a rea hearing by the superior officer vested with the power of removing him, sonable number of the National Army officers until a permanent mili tary policy has been establishe defense of that whole border without endangering the safety to the original manufacturers at about 10 per. cent of the cost of the balance of the country? If there is any place in the world of making them? where we need the· soldiers riow, in my judgment, it is along that 1\!r. WADSWORTH. I think the Senator from Kentucky border. must be referring to t1·aining planes. It is true that the de .1\Ir. FALL. Mr. Pn~sident~ I will take just a moment or two partment is endeavoring to sell at the best figures it can the to express my views on that subject. I shall trespass for only training planes, of which we have a tremendous surplus; but a minute upon the time of the Senate. . the only combat plane, or so-called combat plane, that we have In my judgment, sir, the trouble along the border is that the in any quantity is the De Haviland 4, which already, I may say, troops there have not the proper orders. In my jud.gment, if is, by comparison with foreign planes, out of date, but it is a they were ordered to prevent raids or incursions upon this side serviceable plane. The trouble is we will not have men to fly it. and to take any means which they thought necessary to preserve 1\:Ir. STANLEY. Have we not any battle planes? order along the border and to protect the lives and property of Mr. WADSWORTH. The De Haviland 4 is the only plane we American citizens one-tenth the number now on the border have which is used in aerial warfare of any kind or description. could do it. We have a border of very great length, 1,400 miles, Mr. STANLEY. Are these training planes serviceable for practically unprotected. We have enough troops to patrol every any other service than training planes? mile of it, and more; but the difficulty is that they must so con Mr. WADSWORTH. They are not. You can not mount guns duct themselves as not to bring this country into a possible con on them. You can not do active work with them. They are flict with anyone who may be temporarily-exercising power in only to train men to fly. Mexico. The consequence is that the faces of our u·oops along 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. Mr. President, are they being solq at 10 the border, guarding ·us -ostensibly from raids from the other per cent of their cost? side, are turned toward the north instead of toward the south Mr.' WADSWORTH. That matter was discussed when the to prevent incursions of American business men owning property Army appropriation bill was before the Senate. - It is true that in Mexico into the Republic, at least upon a great many occa 2,700 training planes were sold at something like 10 or 15 per sions, at various points. They are attempting to prevent smug cent of their original cost. Some were entirely out of condition, gling, as they call it, from this side to the other side, and they some were in poor condition, some were in good condition. overlook the smuggling from the other side to this side. They Mr. WILLIAMS. What was the reason or the excuse, which· do pursue a hot trail, as they call it, when they can get orders ever it may be, given foT that transaction? from a superior officer to pursue a hot trail ; and I may say Mr. WADS WORTH. That nobody wanted them in large that the troops, in so far as their orders are concerned, have quantities. performed their duty magnificently. The people of the United 1\lr. WILLIAMS. Could they not have been retailed, then, to States do not know that at least 1.2 times within the last 4 or 5 or a little bit better advantage? 6 months the troops of the United States have gone across the 1\fr. WADSWORTH. Well, that is a question of policy. I :l\1exican border and have pursued Mexican maraude1·s, and when am not prepared to defend the War Department on that point they examined the bodies invariably they found the uniforms of nor to criticize it. ' the Carranza regular soldiers upon the bodies of at least some 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. I am not asking the Senator to defend the of those marauders whom they were pursuing. Ool. Langhorne War Department. I am merely asking his opinion. · and the officers under him in the Great Bend district in Texas Mr. WADSWORTH. The Senator asked me a question, and I have done magnificent service, -and if they were turned loose am endeayoring to answer it. I can give the Senator the War and told to stop it they would stop the trouble along the border. Department's explanation, and I have to trust to my recollection. Now, I renew the request for information from the chairman which may be somewhat inaccurate. According to my recollec~ · of the Military Affairs Committee. tion, the War Department asserted that it would have been dan· . Mr. WADSWORTH. Mr. President, with respect to the AU· gerous to sell training planes to individul'fl citiZens all over the Service, which was discussed here a few minutes ago, we might country. just as well face the facts as they are. The Army appropria 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. Why? tion bill mnde an exceedingly severe cut in the Alr Service a~ Mr. WADSWORTH. Because many of those planes are not propriations and brought the appropriations down to such a in good repair, and accidents would inevitably follow their fall· point, not only in the matter of the appropriation of $25,000,000 ing into the hands of individual citizens; and the War Depart for maintenance, operation, e-xperiment, and construction, but ment contended that it would be a bad policy for the Govern ulso in the pay appropriation for the Army, that the Air Service ment to sell 2,700 planes, in all degrees of defective condition or i. practically reduced to a shell. There will be little left of it lack of repair, and let them be scattered all over the country, and by September 30. Between now and September 30 every emer have crashes and accidents and complaints following. So, rather gency officer seiTing in the Air Service must be discharged, for than do that, they sold a large number to the Curtiss ()o., who the simple reason that by September 30 there will not be any agreed to take them just as they ran. Some of them were stand money to pay such officers. The same is true in every other ing in hangars, some of them were on factory floors, some of them branch of the Army, but the effect upon the Air Service is the had flown almost to destruction, some had been flown very more serious, because it was among the emergency officers that little. The Curtiss Co. agreed to take a certain number just as we found our fliers.. they ran, and to get them out of the country, and to let some I am informed by the Chief of the Air Service that thls will body else do the crashing. leave on September 30 a total commissioned personnel in the. 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. Of course, if that be true, the department Air Service of 232 officers. Practically all of those will have to was justified in violating the maxim of "caveat emptor"; but be assigned to purely administrative duties, and we will have, are not the materials in an airplane worth mor than 10 per in effect, no fliers at all. cent of its cost, even if you are going to junk it? It is idle to talk about the -De Haviland planes, of which we Mr. 'VADSWORTH. I can not tell the Senator from 1\li sis- have something like 3,000 in storage, in good, bad, or indifferent sippi. I do not know. . condition. If the present plans go through-and I think myself 1\Ir. WILLIAl\iS. I do not know, either. I thought perhaps the War Department is quite helpless in the matter-there will the Senator did. · be no one to fly the planes. I say "no {)De." There may be Mr. KING. Mr. President, will the Senator fi•om New Y0rk ten or a dozen men who might be gathered here and there out permit me to make an inquiry? :of the regular service who have become fliers during this war Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I 1·ise to• a question of order!( and who can be taken away from the administrative work; but I should like to know if the morning business is concluded? to all intents and purposes there will be no active flying service The VICE PRESIDENT. It has not started yet. in the Army of the United States after September 30 next. 1\lr. LODGE. I thought we were under the order of'petitlons Mr. FALL. Mr. President,_ I have been somewhat critical and memorials. in the past of the War Department, although not vociferously The VICE PRESIDENT. We are. We have had one petition.r so, and I simply wanted to do that department justice in this Mr. LODGE. We are acting under that order, then. There matter, as I understood the fa,cts abo«t it, by saying that if are a number of Senators who are pretty busily engaged who there is any blame whatsoever to be placed in the particular have been sitting here trying to get 3D opportunity to dispose matter under discussion it is the fault of the Congress of the of some morning business. Therefore I ask for the regular order., United States and not the fault of the War Department. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator can have it. A.re Mr. WADSWORTH. And may I interject the observation there further petitions and memorials'? that it can hardly be said to be the fault of the· Senate? Mr. FALL. That is my understanding. , PETITIONS AI\TD 1\iE:.\HIRIALS. Mr. STANLEY. Mr. President, will the chairman of the Mr. :MOSES. I present resolutions adopted at a mass meeting committee permit n question? Is it not true that 90 per cent of the Friends of Irish Freedom of Walpole, N. H., remonstrat of these plane , or a great portion of them, are tQ be tu.ru~d back ing against the adoption of tlle cownant of the league of na- 1919~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2815. tio~s. I ask that the resolutions be printed in the RECORD and Whereas Lithuania was for ages an independent State, whose inhabit ants, a distiDct ethnic group, have never renounced their right to refeiTed to tile Committee on Foreign Relations. independence ; The resolutions were referred to the Committee on Foreign Whereas the establishment of an independent Lithuanian State would Relations and ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: add materially to the future peace of the world : Therefore be it Resolved, That we, the members of the lodge and citizens of the JULY 12, 1919. United States of Lithuanian descent, request the United States Gov Hon. GEORGE H. MOSES, . ernment, through the honorable RepreseDtative of our district and Washington, D. C. the honorable Senators of our State, to recognize the complete inde DEAR MR. MosEs : At a mass meeting of the Friends of Irish Freedom pendence of the Lithuanian Republic. of the Town of Walpole, N. H., h~ld July 6, 1919, the following reso L. J. J AKAITIS, lutions were unanimously adopted : Chairman. "Resolved, That we are opposed to any league of nations that does J. A. ZUKAUSKAS, Dot safeguard the Monroe doctrine and the absolute right of t?e Ameri Secretary. can people to decide for themselv~s what is necessary for thetr welfare and happiness. Mr. CAPPER presented petitions of Midland Grange, No. 1681, "Resolved, A league of nations founded on force of milliUnited States Senate, Washington, D. C. from the League of Free Nations Association, inclosing a reso HONORABLE SIR: We, the Lithuanians of the city of Manchester, N.H., lution adopted at the national conference of that association, have, in mass meeting assembled, adopted the followiDg resolution: based upon a referendum vote of its members throughout the " Whereas Lithuania was for ages an independent State, whose il;t country. I ask that the communication and accompanying reso habitants, a distinct ethnic group, have never reDounced thetr right to independeDce; and · lution be printed in the RECORD and referred to the Committee "Whereas the establishment of the independent Lithuanian State on Foreign Relations. would add materially to the future peace of the world: Therefore The communication and accompanying resolution \\'ere re be it ferred to the Committee on Foreign Relations and ordered to ({Resolved That we the Lithuanians of this city and citizens of the United States of Lithuanian desceDt, request the United States Govern be printed in the RECORD, as follows : ment through the honorable Representative of our district and the LEAGUE OF FREE NATIONS ASSOCIATIO~, honofable Senators of our State, to recognize the complete independence Neto Yorl• City, Jt,ly 9, 1919. of the Lithuanian Republic." Senator DAVID I. WALSH, R. KONDROTAS, ahairntan. Wardman Pa'rk Inn, Washington, D. C. J. A. ZUKAUSKAS~ Secretary. MY DEAR SIR: The inclosed resolution, based upon a referendum vote Mr. MOSES. I present resolutions adopted at a mass meet of members throughout the country, was passed last night at a national conference of this association. ing of sundry Lithuanians of the Roman Catholic Parish of Very truly, yours, JAMEs G. ·:rucDoxALo. AU Saints, of Manchester, N. H., whic4 I ask to have printed Chairman. in the RECORD and referred to the Committee on Foreign Rela- Resolved, That the League of Free Nations Association, in accord tions. · ance with a referendum of its full membership, calls upon all forward looking citizeDs to urge the United States Senate- The resolutions were referred to the Committee on Foreign 1. To ratify without reservations the treaty with Germany, includ Relations and ordered to .be printed in the RECORD, as follows : ing the league of nations covenant. Such ratification would establish inmlediate peace, the world's most ROMAN CATHOLIC PARISH OF A.LL SAINTS, urgeDt need, in the interest of order and progress; would abolish many Manchester, N. H., July 1S, 1919. international injustices which have proved prolific causes of war; and To his honor GEORGE H. 1\IosEs, would create an agency for the rectification of remaining iDjustices House of Senators, Washington, D. a. and for the establishment of mutually advantageous and just relations rroxoRARLE SIR: We, members of the Lithuanian Roman Catholic between nations. Parish of All Saints, of the city of Manchester, N. H., in a meetiDg 2. To accompany its ratification with a resolution, declaring it to assembled at Battery Building, Manchester Street, MaDchester, N. H., be the purpose of the United States, as a member of the league of have adopted the following resolution : nations, to-- Whereas the invasion by the Polish Army of Lithuania is a brutal (a) Press for the immediate restoration of Kiaochow and the Ger violation of the war aims declared by President Wilson and the man concessions in ShantuDg to the Chinese Republic. allied governments, condeiDDed by liberal opinion the world over as {b) Hold that Dothing in the treaty or the covenant shall be con strued as authorizing interference by the league in internal revolu indefensible interference with the right of self-determination of tions or as preventiDg genuine redress and ·r eadjustment of boundaries, was for ages an independent State, whose inhabit through orderly processes provided by the league, at any ti~e iD the w~::~~si.Ithuania future that these may be demanded by the welfare and manifest inter- ants, a distinct ethnic group, have never renounced their right to est of the people concerned. . independeDce: Be it (c) Call for the inclusion of Germany in the council of the league R esolved, That we, the members of.the parish and American citizens as soon as the new Republic shall have entered in good faith upon of Lithuanian descent, hereby request the United States Government carrying out the treaty provisions ; for the inclusion of Russia as soon to compel Poland to withdraw her army from the Lithuanian terri as the Russian people establish stable government; and for the full tories and that all assistance be deDied to Poland as long as she con particiJ?ation of. both Germany and Russia on equal footing in all eco tiDue~ to occupy the invaded territories ; and be it furtlier nomic rntercourse as the best insurance against any reversion to the R eso l-r;ecl That we request the United States Government to recognize old scheme of balance of power, economic privilege, and war. the preseri't Lithuanian Government and to render it moral and ( dJ Press for the progressive reduction of armaments by all na material assistance: tions. L. J. JAKAITIS, (e) Throw its whole weight in behalf of such changes in the con Chairman. stitution and such developments in the practice of the league as will FELIX CHEKUTIS, make it more democratic in its scheme of representation, its procedure Secretary, more legislative and less exclusively diplomatic; an instr.ument of growth invigorated and molded by the active, democratic forces of the Mr. MOSES. I present resolutions adopted by Lodge No. progressive Dations. 119, Lithuanian Roman Catholic Alliance of America, of Man chester, N. H., which I ask to have printed in the RECORD and Mr. WALSH of Massachusetts presented memorials of em referl'e abominable thing is fully justified in saying that the league The framers of our Constitution have not deserved the praise ought not to have been embraced in the treaty. That man is heaped upon them by historians and statesmen if a defect should opposed to the league in the treaty or out of it. · now be discovered in that document which compels us to refuse But taking it for granted, as we surely may, that the league cooperation in the greatest organized movement ever undertaken . to enforce peace is a thing to be desired, as a forward step for the welfare of mankind. They made no such blunder, and we in the higher development of world affairs, by which peace wear no such shackles. loving democracies may combine their powers to protect them OUR TREATY WITH P ANAMA. selves and weaker peoples against aggression of war-loving nations, then it is patent that to have neglected to take ad Following up the general objection as to the unconstitutionality vantage ·of the one great opportunity presented by the peace con of the treaty and the league, the critics specify by alleging ference at Paris would have been almost a crime. At the least, that we have no constitutional right to stand sponsor for the it would have been a blunder in diplomatic t;trategy, and we liberty or independence <',;f any foreign nation, and that such have the saying of a famous French diplomat that in such mat- action would b~ without precedent. ters a blunder is worse than a crime. _ In answer, let us look to the record. Had not The Hague Tribunal labored for years in vain to get On November 18, 1903, Hon. John Hay, our Secretary of State, unity of action for peace among the nations? Did not Germany signed a convention with the Republic of Panama for the con thwart every effort in that direction, because she was confident struction of the ship canal ; on February 23, 1904, ratification was of her superior power and intended to bring on a war of con advised by the Senate, and on February 26, 1904, proclamation of quest for her own aggrandizement? the treaty was duly made. The very first article of that treaty But the developments of the war brought about a sudden reads as follows: The United States guarantees, and will maintain, the independence of change in the attitude of nations in regard to this issue. When the Republic of Panama. Prussianism was in defeat, and all the peoples of central Europe, exhausted in man power and in wealth, stood aghast If we had the constitutional power to guarantee the independ at the unspeakable horrors of the bloody conflict, it was then ence of Panama, why have we not the same power to cooperate that the world, as never before, was ready to listen to those with other leading nations of the world to guarantee the inde men of vision who pleaded that the powers of righteousness pendence of Belgium and Poland and other members of the should combine against the powers of evil, and thus promote league? Evidently it is not a question of power but of policy. the happiness and prosperous development of both good and bad. THE LEAGUE AND AMERICANISM. Such an opportunity to serve mankind would probably not But the point about which the enemies of the league seem to have come again in a .hundred years. We should be thankful concentrate their heaviest artillery is article 10, which reads as that our President had the intuition of genius to seize the occa follows: sion for the accomplishment of this great mission, and also ·The members of the league undertake to respect and preserve as that he had the moral courage to stand by his convictions. against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing politi cal independence of all members of the league. In case of any such ag With confident assurance we may accept it as a fortunate gression, or in case of any threat or dangec of such aggression, the fact that the league of nations was put in the right place at the council ~l:all advise upon the means by which this obligation shall ba right time. fulfilled. · The founding of this league of nations will, no doubt, be held 'Ve are told by some of these objectors that such a covenant by students of history in future years as one of the great bless is un-American; that it is a surrender of American sovereignty; ings of the World War that balances off to some extent its ter and that no red-blooded AmeriCan should submit to it, and so rible evils of suffering and loss. forth. And one excited alarmist in the Senate has sworn an TH:Ii1 LEAGUE AND THE CONSTITUTION. oath that he would not vote for the treaty even though Christ Again, we are told by some of those conscientious objectors in himself should approve it. the Senate and out of it that our Constitution forbids our enter ROOSEVELT FAVORED AnTICLE 10. ing into such a league. In the midst of these direful forebodings we can derive some From the beginning of our Goveri1Inent we have had much dis comfort at least by turning to the words of a man whose red cussion about the proper location of the dividing line between blooded Americanism no one can doubt, and whose standard, State rights and National rights under our Constitution, but by ever in the front of the battle like the white plume of Navarre, no possibility can that time-worn issue be dragged into the con was the political rallying point for millions of his devoteu coun sideration of the acceptance or rejection of the treaty of peace. trymen. The Constitution itself expressly says in Article I, section 10, When President Roosevelt had been awarded the Nobel peace paragraph 1, that no State shall "enter into any treaty, alliance, prize for his great service in bringing about the peace of Ports-· or confederation." mouth, between Russia and Japan, and had returned from hi:: The full power of treaty making is vested in the President and trip to Africa, and was making his triumphal journey through the Senate, acting by a two-thirds vote of those present. (Art. Europe, he went to Christiania, Norway, to receive his distin II, sec. 2, par. 2.) In our foreign relations States are unknown. guished honor in formal manner from• the hands of the Nobel Abroad there is but one flag, the flag of the Union. peace committee. The Supreme Court of the United States, speaking through The date was May 5, 1910. His audience was the world. The Justice Field in 133 United States, page 266, says that the occasion was one that will be ever memorable in history. The treaty power extends "to all proper subjects of negotiation" opportunity called for the best of truth and wisdom that was between our Government and the Gov~rnments of other nations. in the heart and head of this orator-statesman from America. After stating that a treaty can not do what the Constitution for He rose to the situation then, full of pure patriotism and free of bids, nor change the nature of the National Government nor of petty partisanship. the State government, nor cede any portion of the territory of a He made two carefully prepared addresses. In one lle spoke State without its consent, Jnstice Field adds: thus: llut with these exceptions it is not perceived that there is any limit In the end I firmly bellev~ that some method will be devised by which to the que~tions that can be adjusted touching any matter which is the people of the world as a whole will be able to insure peace as it can properly the subject of negotiation with a foreign country. not now be insured. How soon that end will come I do not know ; it may be far distant, Thomas Jefferson is on record as holding that the treaty and until it does come I think that while we should give all the support making power extends to all subjects "usually regulated by that we can to any possible feasible scheme for quickly bringing about such a state of affairs, yet we should meanwhile do the more practicable, treaty." though less sensational things. · Ho"ITever, if the authority of the Supreme Court and of Thomas Let us advance step by step; let us, for example, endeavor to increase Jefferson fails to carry conviction to any adherent of the doctrine the number of arbitration treaties and enlarge the methods for obtain ing peaceful settlements. Above all, let us strive to awaken the public of State rights, surely such adherent will not question the author international conscience, so that it shall be expected, and expected ity of John C. Calhoun, the most profound and logical expounder efficiently of the public men responsible tor the Q:ianagement ot any of the Constitution as related to that doctrine. nation's affuirs, that those affairs shall be conducted with all proper When Mr. Calhoun was Secretary of State under President regard tor the interests and well being ot other powers, great or small. · Tyler, he addressed a letter on June 28, 1844, to Mr. Wheaton, There we heard him appealing to the conscience of the world, then American minister to Prussia, in which he used the follow- as we so often heard him appeal to the conscience of America. ing language: . In his other address he was even more definite in its appli The treaty-making power has Indeed been regarded to be so compre cation to present world conditions, and said: hensive as to embrace, with few exceptions, all questions that can pos Finally, it would be a master stroke 1f these great powers bent on sibly arise between ourselves and other nations, and which can only -be peace would form a league of peace, not only to keep the peace among adjusted by their mutual consent. whether the subject matter be com themselves, but to prevent; by force, it necessary, its being broken by prised among the delegated or reserved powers. others. 1919. OONGRESSION~t\L RECORD- SENATE. 2819 After reading those brnve words let no American who believed 1\:lr. WI~IAMS . When wns that m·ticle "Titteu? in Roosevelt consent to striking {)Ut article 10 from the league 1\:lr. FRELINGHUYSEN. July, 1919, this month. of nations. We might well charge that article 10 was para J1r. WILLIAMS. That is the date of publication; but when phra ~;ecl from the speech of this great American. was it written? Does the Senator know'? ROOSEVELT FOULTELLS THE COMING OF WILSON, Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I do not know. But again, and chiefly, as if touched with the spirit _of Mr. WILLIAMS. I am inclined to think it 'Yas written about prophecy, 1\fr. Roosevelt said: the close of the war'. But whether that is true or not, the reso As things are now, such power to command peace throughout the lution can not do any harm. It is of the utmost importance to world could best be assured by some combination between those great the cotton planters very much more than anybody else, because nations which sincerely desire peace and have no thought themselves of they use more potash in proportion to hydrogen and other fer committing aggressions. The combination might at first be only to secure peace within certaln tilizers than do almost any other producers of plants. 1 definite limits and certain definite conditions; but the ruler or states Mr. S.l\100'1 • Potash is to be discussed in the near future man who would bring about such a combination would have earned his in If place in history for all time, and his title to the gratitude of mankind. the House of Representatives. there is any duty placed upon it, it must originate there. I am not going to object to this It is no reflection on 1\lr. Roosevelt for us of this day to suggest article going in the RECOBD; but I wish to say that the farmers that perhaps he thought it possible ..sufficient years were left to may be able to buy potash a little cheaper if the embargo is lifted him to win again the Presidency of the United States, and from and the importation allowed to come into this country free of that vantage point of power realize in himself his vision of that duty until the American industry is destroyed that has been coming statesman. established in the production of potash in this country. But Fate America, which, before the war, had made use of a fleet of 250 upper layer 84,000,000 square meters-in a word, that the total steamships for the sole purpose of importing potash from Ger production would amount to nearly 70,000,000,000 francs. many. "The Alsatian salts are greatly superior in quality to those of "In view of the fact that the price of potash rose to 2,000 and Stassfurt; the latter need to be put through an expensive process 2,500 francs a ton for chloride of potassium, as compared with a in order to separate the chloride of potassium from the chloride former price of 195 francs, American business men realized how of magnesium. The Alsatian mineral contains no magnesium. bard it was to haYe to depend upon the outside world for essen It is necessary merely to crush the mineral when it comes from tial products. the mines in order to obtain salts for agriculture. " Before the - \\~n.r the amount of potash used in the United " The eonsumption of potash salt in Fra nee will undoubtedly States was as follows: In 1910, 244,900 tons; ·in 1912, 216,000 increase in the future, and the development of the Alsace-Lor tons ; in 1913, 231,000 tons. raine potash beds will permit France to play an important role " Every year about 220,000 tons were used in agriculture and among potash-exporting countries. 10,000 tons in chemical industries. This potash was furnished "In 1914 the output of the Alsace-Lorraine beds was more almost entirely by Germany, and the value of imports in 1913 than 40,000 tons, and this was far from representing the possible reached 18,073,685. In 1914 only 207,000 tons were imported; output, for the Germans did not wish to make Alsace-Lorraine a in 1915 the amount dropped to 134,000 tons. serious competitor of the Stassfurt mines. Thus the owners of "DURL'W THE WAR-AMERICAN PRODUCTION. the latter mines succeeded in reducing the AI atian output to a "During the war the production of American potash amounted minimum and to keep prices high by this means. in 1916 to 35,739 short tons ; in 1917 to 126,961 short tons; in " German propaganda in the United States has attempted to 1918 to 192,587 short tons. It was obtained from different spread the idea that France would be opposed to the export of source -from the salt waters of Searles Lake, from California, Alsatian potash, especially to the United States. and from the lakes of Nebraska; also from the dust of cement "1V.-France offe-rs to ship potash to the United States. furnaces and from seaweed along the Pacific coast. Some have " Because of all the facts above mentioned, the idea prevails e-ven attempted to produce potash as a by-product in beet-sugar in the United States that France refuses to allow the exportation refining. One company, the Oxnard Sugar Factory, manufac of potash. This idea is false. A telegram from President Wil tured 100 tons in this way in 1918. son, dated April 28, announces that ' France offers to ship potash "All these processes, however, are very costly and were only to the United States ' under conditions favorable to America, developed in consequence of the practically entire suppression of where the price of potash has risen six times as high as that imports ; in 1917 imports amounted only to 8,100 tons, sources paid for German potash before the war. being as follows: Russia, 17 per cent; Chili, 17 per cent; Eng " In 1916 a representative of the American Potash Syndicate land, 15 per cent; Italy, 10 per cent; .Japan, 14 per cent; other maintained that the price of potash, extracted from the lakes of countries, 32 per cent. Nebraska, could advantageously compete with prices of German "The importation of potash from France was very small before potash in America before the war. He tried to prove that potash the war and fell from 1,000 tons, worth $84,400 in 1!U 4, to 83 sold at from $20 to $40 a ton. But a recent statement of potash . tons, worth $5,200 in 1915. producers shows that the real price is double this, or four times "PRESENT SITUATIO~ AND FUTURE NEEDS. the price of Alsatian potash that was sent to Rotterdam. " Since the signing of the armistice, because of the drop in "Theref01·e, for 10 years the United States has sustained price of potash, certain American processes of manufacture have an enormous loss in order to encourage the development of been abandoned. It was due to this that two companies failed potash in America ; and for 4 years this industry has been the · Diamond !\latch Co. and the Hercules Powder Co., both of allowed to develop freely, without competition, under shelter of a whom extracted potash from seaweed and sea wrack. protecting tariff. Capital has easily .been procured to build "11.-ActuaZ COtlditions in the German potash industry. factories, but most of them have failed. 1\fore than 100 licenses "Germany, in spite of the loss of Alsace-Lorraine, remains, have been taken out, but none has had real commercial value. because of the importance of the Stassfurt mines, a formidable " The French Government is considering sending AI a tian opponent. potash by boat, via Rouen to Havre; mor:eover, they contemplate "In December, 1918, the Minister of Agriculture in Washing sending a qualified Alsatian representative to organize sales ton gave out that 'even under the most favorable conditions upon arrangement with American business houses. it would be impossible to obtain French potash in the United " V.-ConcluS"ton. States before June 1.' This statement, which can easily be ex "Alsatian potash imported t;o the United States will, there plained by the change in regime of the Alsace-Lorraine mines, fore, be three times less expensive than that produced here. was exaggerated by the Germans, and on January 17 a dispatch Unless the price of American potash is greatly reduced (which is of the Associated Press announced that because of the needs of ~ardly likely) it will be profitable to only a small· number of France no authorization for importing Alsatian potash into the producers to prohibit the importation of the Alsatian product. United States could be obtained for two or three years at least. To do so would be contrary to the interests of agriculturists, This statement is not based upon facts. farmers, and general consumers; in a word, to practically the "Besides, the manufacturers of the State of Nebraska tried to entire population of the United States, since the fall in price of put an obstacle in th~ way of shipments of 500,000 to 600;000 tons articles of primary importance, such as cotton, fruits cereal , of potash which were to have been sent to the United States in tobacco, potatoes, etc., depends upon the abundance of crops. the ships that returned from France. "In closing we may state that the exportation of Alsatian "The total German production of 1917 was 1,004,285 tons, as potash is one of the means that will permit France to pay for a compared with 1,110,274 tons in 1914; however, the loss of the part of the articles she receives from America, and that in this Alsatian mines v-.rill reduce these figures. On the other hand, way it will stimulate the foreign commerce of the United States." German consumption bas enormously increased. Germany, therefore, will not be able to export any potash unless she LEAGUE OF NATIONS. greatly increases the production of the Stassfurt Basin, which, 1\Ir. WILLIAMS. l\Ir. President, I have a very short article before the war, was already being worked to its full extent. written by Frederic R. Coudert, the very worthy son of a ver~ noble sire. The article is entitled "The League Basis for a "111.-The Alsatian Basin. Better World System.'' I request that it be inserted in the "In 1869 rock salt was discovered at Dornach, near Mulhau RECORD. sen; however, it was not until 35 years later, in 1904, that three The VICE PRESIDEN~. Is there any objection? The Chair Alsatian.s formed a company to develop the resources of sea coal hears none. It is so ordered. nnd petroleum in the valley of Nonnenbruch. Rock salt was The. matter referred to is as follows: discovered at a depth of 358 meters ; then, at 645 and 725 meters, h\;o layers that were recognized as being potash. THE LEAGUE BASIS ll'OR A BETTER WORLD SYSTEM. "Finally, this potash bed was found to extend over approxi (By Frederic R. Coudert.) [The following clear and brief outline of reasons why the people of mately 200 square kilometers, mostly under the forest of Non the United States should support the plan for u league of nations now nenbruch, northwest of 1\fulhausen. before the Paris conference is· contributed to this magazine by an au "Its depth varies from 500 meters in the south to 800 meters thority of recognized international distinction.] in the north. According to calculations based upon these investi "I. gations, the entire bed includes 1,472,000,000 tons of useful prod "The league is the result of the logic of events rather than of ucts, of which at least 300,000,000 tons are pure potash. These the will of s_tatesmen or of the theories of political philosophers. mines cover an area extending from the foothills of the Vosg~s to Nationalism, in many respects a beneficent principle, is also in Mulhausen, Cerny, and Soulz. many cases a disruptive force. It succeeded to and replaced "The industrial Society of Mulhausen has figured that the those traditions of European unity embodied in the concept of lower layer of potash covers 172,000,000 square meters and the the Roman Imperium. The national movement slowly develop- 1919. CONGRESSION .A.L RECORD-SENATE. 2821 ing through the eighteenth century and breaking out with fury " 5. Above all, it places preponderant power in the hands of the during the French Revolution, led, like the Reformation, to a world's great democracies and gives to France, the United quarter of a century of war. Present conditions in Europe are States, Great 1;3ritain, and Italy an influence which can always calculated to lead to indefinite warfare in the attempt to realize be _decisive against predatory. power under whatever fornis dis national aspirations. Such warfare can only be avoided by co guised. 'rhe agreed plan marks a capital event in history and operative action upon the part of the great nations. Necessary furnishes a basis for infinite development toward international self-interest at a time of continuing peril dictates a permanent cooperation and the marshaling of material and moral force league of nations as in similar fashion the temporary union of behind law. World opinion is at last gi-ven an organ of expres free democratic peoples was essential to save civilization from sion. The part of America in bringing about this result is one the assault of Prussianism. for just patriotic congratulation. "II. " 6. The Mom·oe doctrine announced to the world that the "The instinct of peoples the world over understands this United States would protect the integrity of South American necessity. Two powerful forces or ideas are at work-that States against foreign aggression. The league extends that which makes for national self-consciousness and that which aims principle of protection to all nations. The rights of the United at a wider organization of humanity. They are the two great States are not impaired; the guaranties of the States of South dynamic forces of world politics to-day. Nationality must be America are strengthened. It is a misapprehension of the mean recognized and its rights asserted and maintained not by an ap ing of the Monroe doctrine to belie\e it endangered by the pro peal to force but to the association of nations which, having posed plan. recognized in principle the justice of those claims, is now creat " President Monroe defined his own doctrine as follows : ing a mechanism for overcoming the difficulties incident to their "We owe it, therefore to candor, and to the amicable relations exist ing between the United States and those (European) powers, to declare just application. that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their "III. system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. With the existin"' colonies or dependencies of any European "The league of nations has been injured by its more enthusi power we have not interfered and shaH not interfere. But with the astic adherents who, in declaring that it will end war and in Governments who have declared their independence and maintained it, augurate the millennium, play into the hands of its enemies. and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just prin· ciples, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the pur " What it can do and will do is to adopt federation as a work pose of suppressing them, or controlling in any other manner their ing principle under which the nations may maintain their na destiny, by any European power, in any other light than as a manifes tional existence without necessary recourse to war. This prin tation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. ciple has made America what it is; its application can alone save " One of the latest official exponents of the doctrine, President Europe from an indefinite vista of conflict. Theodore Roosevelt, so defined it: "IV. "The Monroe doctrine should be the cardinal feature of the foreign policy of all the nations in the two Americas, as it is of the United "The pivot upon which the league of nations must mainly re States. • * * The Monroe doctrine is a declaration that there must volve is_ the solidarity of the English-speaking Commonwealths. be no territorial ag~andizement by any non-American power at the expense of any .Amencan power on American soil. It is in no wise in With France we will always have close, sympathetic, cooperative tended as hostile to any nation in the Old World. Still less is it relations. No greater task devolves upon the American citizen intended to give cover to any aggression by one New World power at the to-day than to strive for good fellowship with those who have expense of any other. It is simply a step, .und a long step, toward assuring the universal peace of the world by securing .. the possibility the same language, the same common law, kindred institutions, of permanent peace on this hemisphere. During the past century other a common consciousness of right and wrong, and whose combined iniluences have established the permanence and the independence of power in men and resources could defy militant aggression from the smaller States of Europe. Through the Monroe doctrme we hope to be able to safeguard like independence and secure like permanence almost any combination of powers seeking world domination by for the lesser among the New World nations. force. "I know of no more completely adequate or satisfactory defi "V. nition. "The United States can not live and, in fact, never has lived in " Senator Root has lucidly defined the now traditional doc- isolation. The Seven Years' War, as well as those wars incident trine, as follows : . to the French Revolution and Napoleon,"involved the American "It is the substance of the thing to which the Nation holds, and Colonies and the American Nation. That we can be indifferent that is and always has been, that the safety of the United States de- mands that .American territory shall remain American. . - to nothing which threatens world strife the. war has proved. "The Monroe doctrine does not assert or imply or involve any right Our undivided duty is to work for the Federal principle and its on the part of the United States to impair or control the independent practical application, through methods which will ever grow by sovereignty of any American State. The declaration of Monroe was that the rights and interests of the United States were involved in practice and experience more efficient. maintaining a condition, and the condition to be maintained was the independence of all the American · countries. • * • We frequently """'\I. see statements that the doctrine has· been changed or enlarged ; that "Thus the success of the league of nations already existent there is a new or difi'erent doctrine since Monroe's time. T!::iey are will depend most lar·gely upon American opinion. It is the duty mistaken. There bas been no change. One apparent extension of ~he statement of Monroe was made by President Polk. * * * All asser of all interested in bringing about a better world system to edu tions to the contrary notwithstanding, there has been no other change cate that opinion and to create· a 'state of mind' favorable to or enlargement of Monroe's doctrine since it was first promulgated. international cooperation. In order that this may be effected, "7. Those who oppose a league in principle are, in large part, partisanship must be eliminated, superficial objections answered, the men who obstructed America's entrance into the World War erroneous ideas of national sovereignty, mostly 'made in Ger on the theory of ' isolation ' or unc<;>ncern with the affairs of many,' put aside, and moral and intellectual approval of the other nations; a theory never true to the facts and absurd in Nation marshaled _behind its Pre ident spokesman in the superb this century, in which nothing is so impossible to conceive as a and inspiring attemrJt in ap11lying the federative principle on a lotos-eating America ' careless of mankind.' The experience of world scale to bring nuout a better system and a firmer founda the Great War has killed the theory, save in the most parochial tion for international law and morality. The doctrine of sov minded. This is no time for ' little Americans.' ereignty was never carried so far as by the Prussian State; it " 8. On the other hand, there are those in and out of the defeated its own end. Senate who, while honestly favoring a league of nations, at "VII. tack the proposed plan upon the ground that it would require "The draft approv~d by the confe r~nce at Versailles for the the sending of American troops to take part in Europe's strug constitution of a league of nations embodies the best attainable gles. While this appears to us a parochial view overlooking in the pi·esent condition of opinion. changed world conditions, which necessitate action. on the part "1. It provides for a permanent organization always ready to of America to maintain peace in a world which modern methods function. of transportation ha-ve made comparatively small, we think "~. It makes provision for a taboo or' outlawry' of any nation that an extension of the very valuable plan of mandatory con refusing to abide its dec1sion. h·ol would meet the objection, as far as it has any foundation, "3. It furnishes machinery for solving one of the world's funda by dividing the world into four zones, one of which would be mental difficulties-to wit, the exploitation of undeveloped the Western Hemisphere, in which the United States, acting peoples. in accordance with the league's mandate, could iotervene when " 4. The difference between the proposed plan and the mere op anarchic or other conditions threatened world peace. The portunity for arbitration afforded by The Hague Conference is, United States, as in the case of the Philippines, has never of course, fundamental. The latter assists the established prac hesitated iri. its willingness to give an account of its political tices of arbitration and aims at some codification of interna stewardship. tional law, while the proposed league institutes a new world " 9. Inaction would be fatal. Some means to solve pending order designed to correct the inherent disruptive tendencies problems must be found. The mass of mankind ardently desires inevitable in the system of theoretical, sovereign, independent, something that may save civilization from war or anarchy. ~elated nations. Leaders of opinion can .not be dun~b to the clamor of world I 2822 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENA .TE. JULY 18, anguish. The present 11roposed constitution of a league of Mr. THOMAS. • May I ask the Senator right there what his nations, -n-ith slight moillfications not inconsistent with its estimate of the deficiency will be? announced principles and with a revision clarifying some of its Mr. SMOOT. The estimate by the officials of the bureau is clau.·e , would be the greatest advance yet made by mankind that there will be $11,000,000 deficiency. on the long, cruel road from the reign of force. and fraud toward Mr. THOMAS. I suppose it is safe to assume it will be a that of law and peace." good deal more than that. . SUNDRY CIVIL APPROPRIATIONS. Mr.. SMOOT. I ha-re no doubt at all in my mind but wllat it will be. Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to So far as the object of the legislation is concerned, nobody call up the bill (H. R. 7343) making appropriations for sundry can find fault with it. If the money was to be expended in a civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June way that no criticism could be offered of it, and if it were ex 30, 1920, and for other purposes. pended primarily for the soldier himself, I doubt whether a soul There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the would utter a word of objection. But if the reports are true Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. that come to me, 1\Ir. President, this bill is not altogether a bill 1\Ir. '\VARREN. I ask unanimous consent that the formal for the rehabilitation of soldiers. It is also a bill intended to reading of the bill be dispensed with and that it be read for rehabilitate superannuated professors and school-teachers from amendments only. one end of the country to the other. The proposed organization The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair on July 1, 1919, was as the chairman of the committee said-- hears none. Mr. SUTHERLAI'I"D. Mr. President, will the Senator yield 1\Ir. WARnE... ~. l\.Ir . .President, I think I ought to say that for a question? the only changes in the former bill are to one part of one sec Mr. SMOOT. Certainly.' tion. One change simplr strikes out $6,000,000 and inserts Mr. SUTHERLAND. Does the Senator mean that they are $8,000,000, on page 43, and the other change strikes out, on the to be rehabilitated financially under the terms of tile bill? same page, the item in -which the original members of the Fed :Mr. SMOOT. That is exactly what I mean. eral Board Trere included with others in the limitation of sala 1\Ir. SMITH of Georgia. If the Senator will pardon me, if rie . Those are the only two changes that occur in the bill as he means that incompetent, broken-do"'n teachers are to be it \'\'US originally passed through both UOdies. . employed at good ala.ries, I think the Senator is mistaken I have been asked a number of questions regarding the about it. amounts made available for the vocational educational problem Mr. SMOOT. If I am informed correctly, a great many of altogether. I desire to say that to this $8,000,000 may be addeu these teachers are now here in the District of Columbia a-wait the $6,000,000 passed in the special bill which came from the ing the passage of the bill, and if I am informed correctly Committee on Education and Labor. There was also $3,500,000, there have been letters sent to all the States of the Union or a little more, for the current year provided for in the original asking for a list of teachers that they can get who are not em bill and its amendments providino- for the educational rehabili ployed at this time, who could be used in this service. I have tation problem, and there is $5,500,000 in the Army bill. So not seen those letter , but I am told by a man who has been the whole amount passed at this time and available for the cur interested in this legislation that that is the case, and that they rent rear is $23,000,000. have a great number of them in the District of Columbia now The Teto of the President '\\as based upon omething like waiting to be employed as soon as the President signs this bill. 4,000 soldiers now under care of this agency and 4,000 more who 1\Ir. KENYON. May I ask the Senator who sent the letters? will have to be taken on, and he a ·ked for an addition of l\Ir. SMOOT. I think the Senator would know just as much $2,000,000. The House has proTided even more than that about who sent them out as I would. $14,000,000 more, carried in the t\\0 bj]ls. Mr. KENYON. Would it be Dr. Prosser? As to the limitation of salaries, I have here a list of the Mr. SMOOT. I can not say whether he signed the letters or changes that have been made. eTeral 1\Iembet•s of the House not, but the Senator knows himself that there have been lette1·s have told me that the Vocational Board is entirely satisfied with sent throughout the country asking for such information. the list as finally arranged, and that will be shown by reading 1\Ir. KENYON. I heard the Senator from Utah say that, and the printed report of the hearings. While it provides very liber he is generally correct, and, of course, I would be inclined to ally for 288 in place of 307, starting at $6,000 and the lowest accept his statement at this time, but I would like to bring out man getting $2,500, yet there is saved in this list $94,080. The who is accused of doing that and find out about it. 288 men will get from $2,500 to $6,000 and there is no limit l\1r. SMOOT. I have not seen the letters, but I have been as to how many they may employ under $2,500 per annum. told they were sent out by a man who has been interested in 1\fr. KING. l\1r. President, I did not quite understand the the advancement of this legislation. Senator. Do I understand his position to be that there is no Mr. President, it is true that in the organization as proposed limitation upon the amount that may be utilized of this appro on July 1, 1919, there were to be 307 employees receiTing priation for the payment of employees and no limit upon the salaries all the way from $2,500 to $10,000. I have the list number of employees? showing the number of employees comprising the 307 and the Mr. WARREN. Th~ limit is as I stated. The balance of it is, compensation to be paid to each grade. of course, subject to the judgment and determination of the The committee in the House took this question up and agreed, board as to how many, if any, they shall employ. They have as I am informed, with the officials of the bureau to a reorgan at present employed, as I understand it and as the evidence ization as reported in this bill, and the number receiving above seems to show, 307, but they felt that they could cut that number $2,500 has been cut from 307 to 288. There is no limit in this to 288. bill as to the number of teachers who can be employed at Mr. Sl\IITH of Georgia. It is very difficult to hear what the $2,475- . Senator says, and I a.m very much interested in his statement. l\fr. THOMAS. Or $2,499? Mr. WARREN. I was saying that they have employed 307 Mr. SMOOT. Yes, or $2,499, as the Senator suggests. The men, whose total salaries amount to $941,580. The list was sky is the only limit. Of all the legislative bills that have been gone over at the hearings and the secretary of the board has presented to Congress that open the door wide to pay any assured me that this schedule of 288 men has been accepted by salary below $2,500 out of a lump-sum a'f)propriation, this bill the board as satisfactory. All the 288 men receive salaries of and its companions are the limit. There is no particular ~2,500 or more, and the necessary employment of additional amount named that shall be paid for salaries. It can all be men can be made at figures less than $2,500 each. paid for salaries under this appropriation. 1 No amount is set Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, the Appropriations Committee aside for the expenses. All is to be paid out of one lump sum, to ·decided that they would offer no amendment to the bill, and the be handled exactly in the way that the officials of the bureau bill as now reported is the bill as it passed the House. I want may desire. Prof. Branch, of Chicago, Ill., the head of the to take just a short time of the Senate to discuss some features Branch School of Engineers at Chicago, was in Washington of the bill, particularly the appropriation that has been referred when this bill was under consideration before. Prof. Branch to by the chairman of the committee. was one of the men at the first meeting in Washington at the The chairman is correct in saying that there has been appro time Dr. Prosser arranged for the meeting of certain profes· priated with the amount carried in the pending biil $23,000,000 sors throughout the country for the purpose of proposing this to cover all the activities of the Federal Board for Vocational legislation. ·Education, both in the direct appropriation for that board and Prof. Branch tells me that at that meeting the program was the appropriation through the Army appropriation bill. I want mapped out and certain schools of the country selected '\\here to say in the beginning that this $23,000,000 is not going to be this education should take place, and it was agreed at that sufficient to pay the expenses that will be incurred the coming meeting, he informs me, that the schools shoul them or the room that they might have to accommodate them. Mr.. SMITH of Georgia. Again he discredited himself by put The professor carne to Washington a short time ago, pro ting himself in the attitupe of a man who states one thing. that testing against tile agreement not being carried out. I asked is abso~utely false and is not to be believed in anything he says. him in what \vay, and he said that the Branch School of En Mr. SMOOT. I will ~tate my object in. speaking about the gineers, of Chicago, Ill., up to that time had not had one matter. I do not want this board to start out with any such soldier assigned to it ; and, on the other hand, Dr. Prosser proposition as one of the men who was instrumental in provid assigne l\fr. KENYON. Mr. President, I want to say that l was- very l\fr. SMOOT. None that I know of. much impressed with his appearance and candor and intellect;u.. Mr. KING. 'Viii the Senator pardon me while I call atten ality, and what he said about his school; and I 11m satisfied. tion to a ·card which 1 ha¥e recently recei¥ed? I have had now that what he meant to convey to the Senator and to me perhaps 50 similar letters and cards from emplDyees in the :was that he had heard that this had been done, but that he was Government service. I received this one on the lOth of -the in no sense stating it as a fact. present nlO'nth from a relative of one of the employees in a :Mr. SMOOT. I want to say to the Senator that he told me Government to say7 as I said in the beginning, that this appropriation is · ser'!ice as long as '"e appropriate money to pay them. · not going to be sufficient to ~a.rry on the work for the coming Mr. President, 1 have said what I have for the very purpo e of year. If the work is carried .on with o.o graft attached to it, bringing this matter to the attention of the board "itself~ I want in the spirit in which Congress acts in making the n.ppropria- to say fl•ankly to the Senator from Iowa. that after what has been tion, there is not an American citizen that would object to it. said, and the statements that have been made, even were they I doubt whether it would be wise now to send this bill back true, I do not .believ..e the board would now -eontinue suCh actions to the House. I doubt whether it would be wisdom to under~ in the future. I hope and trust that there is nothing in there take at this time to make an appropriation for the personnel ports; but J: considel'ed it of enough importance to 'bring to the of the bureau, as is done in the .case -of nearly all of the dif- attention o:f operate within their own States and di charge any . d~ty th~t LIST BY COURSES. . this board may require that they should perform w1thm their . 3 ElectricalRakin~------~------work related to telephone mdustry ______..: ______3 States, for nothing. They want to make contribution toward Electrical courses ------4 the work of rehabilitating the soldier, and they would be only· JI.'tachine shop ------7 3 too glad to aid in every possible way in their own States with TractorsTractor repairand gas and engines------operation ______Linotype ______5 out charging anything whatever. 1 Mr. KENYON. I will say to the Senator that especially in FarmCommercial mechanics photography ______------:: ______3 New York and. New Jersey has that been true. There have been 1 Oxyacetylene welding------2 a "reat many dollar-a-year men helping in this work. Auto mechanics------5 Mr. KING. Oh, if the Senator '''ill pardon me, many of the Building construction ______2 State universities and State schools will care for some of these Printing------1 Building construction and drafting______1 soldiers who are to be rehabilitated; and the universities and Total ______colleges within the States and other schools within the States 41 will be very glad to aid and will not charge anything for Number of receiving-station cases------ 69 their services. The difficulty has been, or rather the reason SUMMARY OF MEN AT DUNWOODY. why more have not offered their servic~, that ~e i?-ea has Regular courses ------41 gone out that Dr. Prosser and those assocmted w1th him were Receiving-station courses------69 building up a great Federal machine here, and they :ve:e Total------110 Included in the above are : paying high salaries, and they did not want anybody wlthm Regular electric courses______7 the States who would not separate themselves entirely from Receiving-station courses in electrical l~nes~------18 their State activities and give their undivided time and atten Total ______tion to the ·Government and come here and be under the 35 direction of Dr. Prosser and his assistants, so that they could The whole matter of the use of this school was frankly discussed with the standing committee of the board at the start, as I anticipated that be sent throughout the country on a sort of ambulatory rriis some person with a grievance, real or imaginary, would raise the question sion. I am sure that if they would utilize in the States the sooner or later. It was necessary for us to use the school, since it is the services of the educational men within the States they would only industrial and trade school with proper facilities for this task in the four States of the district. We could not punish the disabled man get a far better service than they will get now and it would because the director had been connected wit&l it ! not cost the Government as much as the present plan will cost. I am informed that Mr. Branch, president of an electrical school at Mr. KENYON. They have been doing that. All I want to Chicago, has charged that~ using my official position here to the advan tage of Dunwoody, more tnan 4,000 disabled soldiers have been trained do further is to place in the REcoRD a copy of a letter from there. l:>urely this is a mistake, as the total number of men who have Dr. Prosser to the Senator from illinois [l\Ir. McCoRMICK] been placed in training from the start of the work in 48 States and 500 explaining the Dunwoody Institute matter. I think it will institutions was approximately 4,200 up to July 1, 1919. As I pointed out above, 110 of these are in training at Dunwoody, of whom 4 have clear un the entire matter; and I think his other statement been awarded courses in electricity. olears up the professorship matter that we have heard so much In this connection it may be interesting to show the numbers of dis about. · nbled men in training in other institutions for the trades and industties : I am in agreement with the Senator, however, that there Ohio Mechanics Institute, Cincinnati ______131 Tulane, New Orleans------·------110 are probably too many employees; and I wish there were som~ Franklin, Boston ------70 way in all of those departments in which the number of em Georgia Tech, .Atlanta______89 ployees could be cut down. I will join the Senator in any kind Dunwoody, Minneapolis------110 of a move in that direction. Rankin, St. Louis------52 It is possible that Mr. BTanch has reference to the training done by I ask unanimous consent that this letter may be placed in Dunwoody during the war of enlisted or drafted soldiers preparing for the llECORD. mechanical and technical positions in the .Army and Navy. These were The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it will be so not disabled men, but soldiers preparing for service across seas, sent to tbe institute by the War or Navy Departments for training under the ordered. same contract made with at least a hundred other similar institutions The rna tter referred to is as follows : in the country. Dunwoody trained upward of 8,000 men for mechanical JULY 3, 1919. and technical service in .Army or Navy, of whom about half were for each service. IIon. A(EDILL 1\IcC The Canadian Government Jindertook to erect buildings and fact that this rehabilitation work will cost money. What I carry its injured soldiers into schools organized and built ex want them to do is to understand that if we rehabilitate these pressly for the purpose. A much wiser policy was embodied in soldiers we will be meeting a liability that we ought otherwise our bill. It was the policy to distribute them to existing to provide for year by year in appropriations far greater than institutions, retaining them as near to their b{)mes as prac any figures that the rehabilitation wiD cost. ticable. Mr . .MYERS. Mr. President I offer the following notice in It has been charged that there was some arrangement looking regard to the pending bill, which I ask to have read. ·. toward the schools to which the soldiers would be distributed The PRESIDING OFFICER (:Mr. OvERMAN in the chair). agreed upon before the rehabilitation bill was introduced, and The Secretary Will read the notice. the inference has been drawn that this was to aid favored insti The Secretary read as follows : tutions. I will state to the Senator from Utah {Mr. SMooT] Notice is hereby given that under nule XL of the Standing Rules of .what, if it is investigated, will be found to be the truth upon the Senate, I shall to-morrow, July 19, 1919, or on the first legislative this subject. The question which confronted those of us study day after to-day when the Senate may be in session, move, when the bill (H. R. 7343) making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of ing the problem was, Shall we undertake to build schools as the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30 1920, and for other Canada did or can we find institutions already in existence purposes, is before the Senate, to suspend subdivisions 2 ·and 3 of Rule prepared to do the work of training the injured soldiers? XVI of the Standin~ Rules of the Senate, prohibiting the adding of new items of appropnation and prohibiting the proposing of general legis A number of men not connected now with the Federal Board lation on any general appropriation bill, for the purpose of offering an. for Vocational Education, but educators and physicians, studied amendment in the form of a new section ro the said H. R. 7343 making appropriations .for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the the work of a number of schools and colleges to see if the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, and for other purposes, which said sol The PRESIDII\1""G OFFICER. Fifty-sL~ Senators having an·· Mr. PITTMAN. Then we would be in a position where we had s"·ereu to their names, a quorum is present. declared ourselves at peace with Germany, with no _declaration l\fr. Sl\HTH of Georgia. 1\Ir. President, I am not out of on the part of Germany that she was at peace with the United ympnthy with the object sought to be accomplished by the States; would we not? Senator from New Mexico, but I think it would be unfortunate Mr. FALL. .No ; not at all. to in\olve this bill, which ought to pass at once, with anything Mr. PITTl\1AN. That was the view I took of it. else. So I make the point of order that the amendment is gen· Mr. FALL. I do not think the Senator understands the situa eral legislation offered on an appropriation bill; and, if the tion. In the first place, Mr. President, there seems to be an idea Chair will permit me, I "'ill state the reason why I insist that it in the minds of a groot many people-and I am not surprised is general legisl_ation. . that the opinion should be entertained by the layman, the ordi The trading-with-the-enemy act fixed the time of the procla nary citizen, who is busy with his engagements and does not mation of the President as the time when peace shall be re· pay any attention to matters of this kind-! am not at all sur· stored. The amendment proposes to substitute, I think, the prised that the opinion exists, because of the propaganda which declaration of Congress as the time of the termination of the has been going on in this country for so long, to the effect that it war in place of the time fixed in the trading-with-the-enemy act. was necessary t o force the hand of the Senate of the United Mr. FALL. Mr. President, the Senator from Georgia, pos States, that they should ratify a peace treaty in order that sibly, is unaware of the fact that the trading-with-the-enemy act peace might exist. The fact is that peace exists and has existed, i permanent iegislation that has been on the statute books of arWI it becomes the duty of some one in this country to put it in this country in one form or another since 1798, and during the effect, to put it in force; and the signing of a treaty or the present conditions the Congress of the United States in its wis ratification of the treaty is not the only method by which peace dom saw fit to enact legislation along that line. is brought about. The trading-with-the-enemy act is itself permanent legislation When war ceases peace exists. \Var is a status. Peace is a which is invoked or coming in force automatically whenever this status. Peace is the ordinary status of the people of the earth. country is at war. The original act was placed upon our statute War is an extraordinary condition, establishing a status. 'You books during the status of war, which was never declared, be do not make war by declaring war. You do not make peace by nveen France and the United States of America. Section 3 of declaring peace. You make war by fighting. You make peace the trading-with-the-enemy act, which is the section referred to by ceasing to fight. The rules and regulations under which in the proposed amendment, simply makes it unlawful- the peoples of the several Governments will continue to act (a) For any person in the United States, except with the license of after the status has been established are embraced in what is the President, granted to such person, or to the enemy, or ally of known as a treaty of peace, and that is all that we have before us enemy, as provided in this act, to trade, or attempt to trade, • * *· to-day and are considering in the Foreign Relations Committee That i permanent legislation which in one form or another now. we keep on our statute books, so that if war arises it is not Mr. PITTMAN. Mr. President-- necessary to reenact the legislation. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from New Mr. SMITH of Georgia. Let me ask the Senator, Is there a Mexico yield to the Senator from Nevada? pro'lision in the amendment limiting it to the termination of 1\Ir. FALL. For a question; yes, sir. the war by the proclamation by the President? 1\fr. PITTMAN. If peace is a question of fact and not of Mr. FALL. There are other provisions of the act, such, for declaration, why is the Senator desirous of having a declaration instance, as the provision with reference to the Alien Property on the part of the United States until a joint or contemporaneous Custodian, which, when the President declares the war to have declaration is made on the part of Germany? ended, become inoperative: . Mr. FALL. Oh, Mr. President, so far as we are concerned Mr. KING. Will the Senator permit an inquiry? the Senator is a lawyer-this is municipal legislation, applicable Mr. FALL. Certainly. to the people, if it is anything, that we are considering here, a Mr. KING. Has this subject received consideration at the sundry civil bill; and if this amendment is not subject to the hands of the Foreign Relations Committee, of which the Senator point of order, then it is purely legislation affecting the people is a member? If so, did not the committee act adversely upon of the United States, and has nothing to do with Germany or the suggestion of the Senator from New Mexico? whether Germany declares the war to cease or not. Mr. FALL. I 'made a statement in the Senate immediately Mr. President, the blockade has been lifted. The different after the action or nonaction-it was not action-by the Foreign nations of the world are trading with Germany. The President Relations Committee, in which I stated that I had assurances of the United States, if we can believe the public press, is issuing that the resolution would be reported out within a day or two. licenses to citizens of the United States enabling them to trade At that time Germany bad not yet signed the peace treaty. My with Germany. The papers have informed us of this fact, and understanding was that some Senators thought that the resolu that those who seek licenses may get them at the proper office. tion to which the Senator from Utah refers should not be re If this amendment has any effect whatsoe-ver, it will simply be ported out until after Germany had signed the treaty, for the to place all citizens on an equality, so that under a prosecution reason that otherwise I might be accused of giving encourage· for a violation of section 3 of the trading-with-the-enemy act, ment to Germany not to sign the peace treaty. I have not such a citizen not holding a license is&ued by the President of brought the resolution up nor attempted to bring it up since. the United States can offer the amendment itself in justification Mr. KING. Will the Senator permit another inquiry? for his act. l\Ir. FALL. Certainly. That is the status of the amendment. If it is subject to a Mr. KING. In view of the fact that the matter is still before point of order, let the point be raised and the ruling be bad. the committee and has recei\ed consideration at its bands, and If it is not, let us have a vote. in Yiew of the further fact that Germany has signed the treaty l\lr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. President, I have just read the and the committee will undoubtedly act very promptly one way amendment offered by the Senator from New 1\ie::rico; and it or the other upon the resolution, does not the Senator from New appears to me that the substance of the amendment is an effort Mexico think it would be somewhat of a discourtesy for us now by indirection to declare the status existing between this Gov· to take it out of the hands of the committee? ernment and the Government of Germany, without awaiting the Mr. FALL. . The Senator may possess a -very much finer and usual course of the ratification Of a treaty. It appears to me keener sense of courtesy than has the Senator from New Mexico. that there can be but one conclusion as to the purpose of the If the Senator from New Mexico had entertained any such senti amendment. It reads as follows : ment he would not have offered this amendment, because the · That the status of peace between the former Imperial German Gov· Senator does not intend, however ignorantly be may act, to show ernment and the United States of America being declared to exist, no any discourtesy to the Foreign Relations Committee, ru· any part of said sum shall be used in enforcing the provisions of section 3 'other committee, or any individual Senator, or to the Senate as of an act of October 6, 1917, known as the trading-with-the-enemy act. a whole. Now, of course, if we do not desire further to enforce the pro l\Ir. President, the status of affairs is simply this, and it might visions of the trading-with-the-enemy act we have a right to say just as well be understood once for all: The status of peace so, and withhold those portions of the appropriation in this bill between the United States and Germany exists, and are you that will probably go to the United States marshals and district afrajd to declare it and turn your citizens loose and let them attorneys; and it might be in order, if it is not new legislation, trade? for the Congress to q1ake that limitation. The only criticism Mr. PITTMAN. Mr. P resident, does the Senator understand of that, if that were all that were contained in the body of this that the adoption of a resolution declaring that the United amendment, would be as to whether or not we desired to con· States is at peace with Germany would in any way control the tinue in force the terms of the trading-with-the-enemy act.· statu ~ in GPrmany ns vie,,ed by the German Government? I understand that under ExecutiYe orders at the present time Mr. FALL. No; I do not. the trading-with-the-enemy act is not being enforced. There 1919 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2829 may be some technical orders being issued that it is necessary Alabama and the Senator from Georgia and myself, and I had to promulgate in order to comply technically with the terms of agreed to an amendment of the amendment. the act ; but there is no real effort to restrict trade under the Mr. WARREN. The Senator is reminded that there was n terms of the trading-with-the-enemy act at this time. point of order made by .the Senator from Georgia [1\Ir. SMITH] Mr. FALL. Mr. Pi·esident, will the Senator yield to me? which was pending and not determined upon and waiting until The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Ala- this later consent to change the umendment. bama yield.to tl1e Senator from New l\Iexico? . Mr. FALL. Oh, I am not accusing the Senator-- Mr. UNDERWOOD. I yield. 1\fr. NELSON. Mr. President, I want the Senator from New Mr. FALL. Unless the terms of section 3 are being complied Mexico to understand that the Senator from Alabama and the with, then whoever is nllowing such trading is violating the Senator from Georgia can not bind the Senate, and that we are law of the United States. not obliged to adopt this amendment because they have agreed Mr. UNDER,VOOD. I said that probably some technical on it. blanket orders are being issued to prevent that; but whilst the Mr. SMITH of Georgia. Mr. President-- Senator is on his feet I should like to ask him a question. . Mr. FALL._ I have not undertaken to make any such asser Woulu he be willing to consent to strike out of his amendment tion nor any such suggestion. The remark of the Senator is these words?- entirely unwarranted. I was simply expressing my personal That the status of peace between the former Imperial German Govern regret •that I had been led into certain action by the suggestion ment and the United States of America being declared to exist- of the Senator. I have criticized no Senator whomsoever, and And just let the amendment read as fol1ows: the Senator from Minnesota should know from our past asso ciatiOfi: that he is the last one in this body whom I would Prov ided, That no part of said. sum shall be used in enforcing the provisions of section 3 of an act of October 6, 1917, known as the attempt to criticize in any way. trading-with-the-enemy act. Mr. NELSON. I was surprised, Mr. President, at the lan 1\fr. FALL. Does the Senator ask me that question? guage of the Senator. He seemed to intimate that this thing Mr. UNDER,VOOD. Yes. was settled because of the agreement that had been made. I l\1r. FALL. I have a little Irish in me. Will the Senator tell want to say to him that it is not settled for one. There will me whether, in the event I consent to striking out those words, be one vote against it, anyway. he -n·m upport the amendment? 1\fr. FALL. Why, of course; and I want to say that J: was very much surprised at the attitude and the language of the 1\lr. UNDERWOOD. Yes; I will support it. Senator from Minnesota. 1\lr. FALL. Very well, sir. I have no objection to striking ~hem out. Mr. SMITH of Georgia. 1\fr. President the Senator from Minnesota misunderstood me. The Senato~ from New l\Iexico :Mr. UNDERWOOD. All right, 1\lr. President. With that modification of the amendment, I have nothing further to say. withdrew his amendment-that part of it which I thought made it subject to a point of order. Therefore I withdrew my point I have no desire to keep the trading-with-the-enemy act on the of order. I still hope that the bill will pass without any ~ ta tu t e books. amendment at all. l\Ir. Sl\IITH of Georgia. With that modification of the amend l\1r. Ul'i"DERWOOD. 1\Ir. President, I am sorry that the ment , I withdraw my point of order. Senator from Minnesota seems to think that some of his 1\'Ir. FALL. Of course, I ·simply 1- LVIII--17Q 2830 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18, Mr. FALL. I call for the yeas and nays. Mr. KIRBY. Mr. President, I desh·e to offer the following The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded amendment. to call the roll. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will read the l\Ir. DIAL (when his name was called). I am paired with the amendment. Senator -from Michigan [Mr. NEWBERRY]. I transfer that pair The SECBET.ARY. On page 44, line 18, insert the following to the Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. OWEN] and vote H nay." additional proviso : Mr. UNDERWOOD (when his name was called). I have a Provided further, That the bonr·d is authorized to use of any unex general pair with the junior Senator from Ohio [Mr. HARDING]. pended balance on hand the sum of $50,000 for assisting in the con struction and equipment of a woman's reformatory institution near He is absent to-day. I transfer that pair to my colleague, the Camp Pike, in Arkansas, said board having agreed with the local State senior Senator from Alabama [Mr. BANKHEAD], and vote" yea." authorities to furnish said sum for the purposes upon their supplying :r.Ir. WALSH of Montana (when his name was called). I in a like amount, which has been done. quire if the Senator from New Jersey [Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN] has Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, while I might under other voted? circumstances not object to this amendment, as I said a moment _ The PRESIDING OFFICER. He has not. ago in reference to another matter, I feel that the necessity of :Mr. WALSH of Montana. I hoave a pair with that Senator, passing the bill without amendments of that kind makes it which I transfer to the Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. GoBE], and necessary for me to make a point of order against the amend vote "nay." ment. ·Mr. WATSON (when his name was called). I transfer my The PRESIDING OFFICER. The point of order is well general pair with the senior Senator from Delaware [Mr. taken. If there be no further amendment proposed, the bill WOLCOTT] to the senior Senator from Connecticut [Ur. BRANDE will be reported to the Senate. GEE] and vote "yea." Mr. MYERS. Mr. President, I rise to a question of order. Mr. WILLIAMS (when his name was called). I have a I make the point of order that, having given written notice in standing pair with the senior Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. compliance with the rule that to-morrow I would offer an PENROSE]. I transfer that pair to the senior Senator from Vir· amendment, the final vote can not be taken to-day. My notice · ginia [Mr. MARTIN] and vote "nay." serves automatically to postpone a final vote on the passage of The roll call was concluded. the bill until to-morrow. Mr. TRA.l\IMELL (after having voted in the negative). I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The point of order is not well have a pair with the senior Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. taken. CoLT]. I transfer that pair to the senior Senator from Cali- Mr. MYERS. Mr. President, I desire to be heard for a min fornia [Mr. PHELA.l.~] and will let my vote stand. · ute upon the point of order. I had no opportunity to give the Mr. FERNALD. I have a pair with the junior Senator from notice until to-day. The bill was passed by the House only,, South Dakota [Mr. JoHNSON]. I transfer that pair to the junior yesterday afternoon. Prior to that time I did not know but· Senator from West Virginia [Mr. ELKINS] and vote" yea." what the bill would be defeated in the House. I had no way, Mr. FALL (after having voted in the affirmative). I have a of knowing that it would pass the House and come to the 1 general pair with the junior Senator from Wyoming [Mr. KEN Senate, and it was only reported to the Senate to-day. I had DRICK). I transfer that pair to the junior Senator from New no way of knowing what would be in the bill as reported until York [Mr. CALDER] and will allow my vote to stand. it was reported to-day. I had no way of knowing what the Mr. HENDERSON (after having voted in tbe negative). I committee might put in the bill or take out of the bill. I had have a general pair with the junior Senator from Illinois [Mr. no way of knowing· what the contents of the bill would be McCoRMICK]. I transfer that pair to the senior Senator from until it was reported to-day. Ohio [Mr. PoMERENE] and will let my vote stand. A construction of a rule which would make the rule meaning Mr. KELLOGG. I have a general pair with the senior Senator less and ineffective is not a sound construction of a rule. A from North Carolina [Mr. SIMMo "'S], who is absent, and there rule must be given some construction which will make it oper· fore withhold my vote. ative and effective and which will make it mean something. If Mr. KIRBY. I wish to announce that the Senator from you give a rule a construction which destroys the rule, then Wyoming [Mr. KENDRICK] and the Senator from Texas [Mr. the construction is unsound, because it would destroy the very SHEPPARD) are necessarily detained from the Senate. subject which you are construing. l\1r. GERRY. The Senator from Arkansas [Mr. RoBINSON], If the bill had been up for consideration before the Senate the Senator from Ohio [Mr. PoMERENE], the Senator from Cali on yesterday, I think it could be justly contended that by giving fornia [Mr. PHELAN], and the Senator from Florida [Mr. my notice to-day I was too late, but I had no opportunity to FLETCHER] are detained on official business. give the notice until to-day. I claim that the rule under which l\1r. CURTIS. I have been requested to announce the fol I gave my notice, Rule XL of the Senate, operates so that when lowing pairs : a bill is reported to the Senate, if a notice is given of a motion The Senator from Delaware [1\fr. BALL] with the Senator to suspend the rule in order to offer an amendment which is from Florida [Mr. FLETCHER] ; prohibited by the rules, it operates automatically to put the The Senator from Colorado [Mr. PHIPPs] With the Senator final vote over one day-that is, if it is offered on the day the from Texas [Mr. SHEPPARD]; bill is reported. The Senator from Michigan [Mr. TowNSEND] with the Sen If I were to give the notice to-morrow, the bill having been ator from Arkansas [Mr. RoBINSON]; and before the Senate to-day, that I would on Monday make this The Senator from South Dakota [Mr. STERLING] with the motion, then I would have slept on my rights. But I have had Senator from South Carolina [Mr. SMITH]. no rights to sleep on heretofore.· . The result was announced-yeas 27, nays 33, as follows: I say when the bill is just reported to the Senate this rule YEAS-27. places it in the power of any Senator to put the vote over one Borah Gronna Lenroot Poindexter day if he gives his notice on the same day that the bill is re Cummins Hare Lodge Spencer ported, not if he gives notice on a subsequent day, but on the Curtis Harding McCumber Sutherland same day he can postpone the vote for 24 hours. You may say Dillingham Johnson, Calif. Moses Underwood Fall Kenyon New Wadsworth if a Senator can do that he can postpone the vote on the bill Fernald Knox Norris Watson forever, but that is not sound, because his right to postpone the France La Follette Page vote 24 hours is limited to giving a notice on the same day the NAYS-33. bill is reported to the Senate, and after that day if be gives a Ashurst Henderson Pittman Thomas notice he is too late and he has slept on his rights. Unles you Beckham Hitchcock Ransdell Trammell C,bamberlain Jones, N. :Mex. Shields Walsh, Mass. take that construction of the rule it simply destroys the right of Culberson King Smith, Ariz. Walsh, Mont. a Senator to give notice on the same day a bill is reported that Dial Kirby Smith, Ga. Warren he will on the next day move to suspend the rules in order to Gay McKellar. Smith, Md. Williams Gerry Nelson Smoot offer an amendment which is forbidden by the rules. Unless Harris Nugent Stanley that construction is taken, then a Senator is powerless to give Harrison Overman Swanson notice that he will move to suspend the rules on the same day NOT VOTING-36. the bill is reported if the rest of the Senate is ready to vote that llall Frelinghuysen McNary Reed day. Therefore;[ urge the point of order that the bill can not be Bankhead Gore Martin Robinson Brandegee Johnson, S. Dak. Myers . Sheppard voted on to-day. - Calder Jones, Wasb. Newberry Sherman The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Ohair overrules the point Capper · Kellogg Owen Simmons of orde-r. Colt Kendrick Penrose Smith, S.C. Edge Keyes Phelan Sterling Mr. MYERS. Then~ 1\Ir. President, I offer the amendment now Elkins McCormick Phipps Townsend without notice. and in doing so I will beg the chairman of the Fletcher McLean Pomerene Wolcott committee in charge of the. bill not to make a point of order So Mr. FALL's amendment was rejected. against it, because a delay of one day will not hurt anything in - 1919. CONGRESSIONAL ~ECORD-. SENATE. 283I. .• regard to the bill. I ask that the amendment may be read, so require these departments to indicate the .number of cars that that the chairman of the committee may hear it I offer it now would be required for road purposes and the number that would without notice. be-available then for sale. . . The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will read the . My information was that there were several thousand trucks famendment. that were not being properly cared for, and that would so The SECRETARY. Add at the proper place in the bill: deteriorate a~ to become of little or no value, whereas if they T.o resume and frosecute work on projects and units th~eot under were properly handled and properly disposed of several millions the reclamation ac stopped during the war and to begin and prosecute existing projects and units thereof which are practically ready for of dollru:s might result to the Government. I desire to inquire prosecution, to be immediately available and to be expended under the whether, pursuant to these resolutions, these departments have terms and conditions of the reclamation act, except that in the matter responded and furnished the information required. . of employment a preference shall be given to discharged soldiers, sailors, The VICE PRESIDENT. None has come to the hands of the and marines, $50,000,000. Chair. l\Ir. WARREN. Mr. President, I would like to help my fliend · Mr. KING. I shall simply content myself with sayipg that 1the Senator from Montana at the proper time, but I am com some of these departments are very slow in answering the de pelled to make a po.int of order against the amendment. mands and requests made for information by the Senate. If The PRESIDING OFFICER. · The point of order is sustained. these departments fail to furnish this information at the next 1\Ir. 1\fYERS. Then I will offer azmther amendment, which is meeting of the Senate I shall S;Sk for the passage of appropriate materially different. I ask that it be read and hope it may appeal resolutions which I hope will secure the information called for. to the Senator. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Tile Secretary will read the EXECUTIVE SESSION. amendment. 1\Ir. LODGE. l\1r. President, I think I ought to say that it The SECRETARY. Add at the proper place: will be necessary to keep the Senate in session until the sundry To prosecute further work on projects, and units therMf, under the civil bill has been signed by the presiding officers. The bill reclamation act, now ln course of construction, and to begin a.nd prose has gone back to the House, and there will be no delay in sign cute new projects and units thereof in drought-stricken regions of the United States, to be immediately available and to be expended under ing it, because it is engrossed and ready. In the meantime .I the t erms and conditions of the reclamation act, except tbat in the move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive matter of employment a preference sh.all be given to drought-stricken and business. suffering homesteaders, farmers, and ranchers, $5,000,000. The motion was agreed to, and the Senate proceeded to the Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, I shall have to make a point consideration of executive business. After 1 hour and 25 min of order against that amendment. • utes spent in executive session the doors were reopened. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The point of order is sus MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. tained. Mr. MYERS. I was in hopes the chairman of the committee A message from the House of Representatives, by D. K. would not make a point of order against it, as it is for a much Hempstead, its enrolling clerk, annoupced that the Speaker of smaller sum. Of course, that is a matter for the Chair to rule the House had signed the following enrolled bill and joint reso upon. lUtion, and they were thereupon signed by the Vice President : The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Ohair has sustained the H. R. 7343. An act making appropriations for sundry civil ex point of order. penses of th~ Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, Mr. WALSH of Montana. Mr. President, I can not believe 1920, and for other purposes ; and · that the Senator's point of order is well taken. H. J". Res. 73. J"oint resolution authorizing the President to ex Mr. \VARREN. Pretty nearly all points of order lie against tend invitations to other nations to send representatives to the it. In the first place, it has not been estimated for ; in the World Cotton Conference to be held at New Orleans, La., October second place, it has not been presented to the committee and 13 to 16, 1919, inclusive. printed a day beforehand; it is legislation, and it also increases DEATH OF EDWARD V. MURPHY. an appropriation. · Mr. _CHAMBERLAIN. Mr~ President, I rise to announce Mr. WALSH of Montana. I did not understand the Senator the death of Edward V. Murphy, at Albany, N. Y., on the 16th to put his objection on those grounds. - instant, while en route to Canada, where he hoped he might : The bill was reported to the Senate witP.out amendment. regain his rapidly failing health. He is to be interred in this The VICE PRESIDENT. The bill is in th~ Senate and open city on Monday next. to amendment. For almost 60 consecutive years he has been connected with the Mr. MYERS. :Mr." President, I desire to renew my point of official stenographic force of the Senate. 1\lr. Murphy entered order that the Senate can not vote on the bill to-day, in view of upon this work on February 13, 1860, and. ever since that time has the notice I have given. rendered most faithful and efficient service. His has been a The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from North Carolina wonderful experience, and his contact with men and measures [Mr. OVERMAN] susta.ined the point of order, and the Ohair before and since the Civil War made him a most interesting will stand by the Senator from North Carolina. and instructive figure in and around the Capitol. Always faith Mr. 1\fYERS. Then I appeal from the ruling of the Chair. ful, courteous, and kindly, and holding him, as I did, in the The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Montana ap highest regard, I feel constrained to announce the death of this peals from the ruling of the Ohair. The question is, Shall the splendid public servant to my colleagues in the Senate. ruling of the Chair stand as the judgment of the Senate? [Put Mr. LODGE. Mr. 'President, I offer the following resolutions. ting the question.] The ayes have it. The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolutions will be read. The bill was ordered to a third reading, read the third time, The resolutions were read, considered by unanimous consent, and passed. and unanimously agreed to, as follows : ARTICLE 10, CQVENA.NT OF LEAGUE OF NATIONS. Resolved, That the Senate has heard with deep sensibility of the death of Edward V. Murphy, late one of its Official Reporters, and expresses Mr. WALSH of Montana. Mr. President, I give notice that its sense of the fidelity, industry, and ability with which he discharged on Monday, the 28th day of July, at the close of the morning the duties of his responsible office. Resolved, That the Secretary transmit a copy of these r esolutions to business, I shall address the Senate upon article 10 of the cove the family of the deceased. nant of the league of nations. 1\Ir. LODGE. Mr. President, I move as a further mark of ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY. respect to the memory of the deceased that the Senate adjourn. 'Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I move that when the Senate The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 4 o'clock and ndjoums it be to meet on Monday next. 47 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until Monday, J"uly 21. The motion was agreed to. 1919, at 12 o'clock meridian. DEPAR'J:'MENT EQUIPMENT FOR ROAD PURPOSES. Mr. KING. · 1\Ir. President, on July 1 the Senate. adopted two CONFIRMATIONS. re olutions-Senate resolution 108 and Senate resolution 109- Executive no-minations confirmed by the Senate July 18, 1919. one directing the Secretary of Agriculture to report the quantity CONSULS. and description of war material, equipment, and supplies, par CLASS 5. ticularly the number and description of cars, trucks, and tractors, Edward J. Norton to be a consul of class 5. which will be required for the ~~ and improvement of highways, and so forth. A supplement or complement to that resolution CLASS 8. directed the Secretary of War to report to the Senate the num Harry A. McBride to be a consul of class 8. ber and description of cars, trucks, tractors, and other war ma Raymond C: Mackay to be a consul of class 8. terial, equipment, and supplies on hand and which are not needed William W. Early to be a consul of class 8. by the War_ Department, and so forth. The purpose was to :William P. Garrety to be a consul of class 8. 2832 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- -HOUSE·. JULY 18, DtBECTOR BUP.EA'O OF FOREIGN ANI> DOMESTIC Co:MMERdE. Mr. LAGUARDIA. It makes no constructive suggestions? Philip B. Kennedy to be Director Bureau of Foreign and Do· Mr. RAYBURN. I think they do. mestic Commerce. Mr. DYER. "Mr. Speaker, regular ordm;. The SPEAKER. The regular order is the request of the gen Frnsr AssiSTANT DmEcToB BtrREA.u OF FOREIGN AND DoMESTic tleman from Texas. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The CoMMERCE. Chair hears none. Roy S. McElwee to be First Assistant Director Bureau of lfEBSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. Foreign and Domestic Commerce. A message in writing from the President of the United States AsSISTANT APPRAISER OF MERCHANDISE. was communicated to the Bouse of Repre entatives by Mr. S. M. Angell to be a sistant ·appraiser of merchandise for Sharkey, one of his secretaries. customs-collection district No. 20, with headquarters at New AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BILL. Orleans, La. Mr. HAUGEN. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on UNITED STA'l'ES MARSHAL. Agriculture I offer a privileged report on the bill (H. R. 7413) Albert Bollschweller to be United States Marshal, District of making appropriations for tha Department of Agricnlture for the . New Jersey. fiscal year ending June 30, 1920. Co ST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa, chairman of the. George H. Durgin to be junior hydrographic and geodetic Committee ·on Agriculture, reports the bill, which the Clerk engineer. will report by title. CoLLECTOR OF CusTOMS. Mr. CANDLER. Mr. Speaker, I reser~e all points of order on the bill. Thomas R. Tulley to be collector of customs for customs Mr. DYER. 1\fr. Speaker-- collection district No. 47, with -headquarters at Denver, Dolo. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will .report the bill by title. The Clerk read as follows : .A bill (H. R. 7413) making appropriations for 'the D pa.rtment of HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. AgricultUI'e for the il.scal ,year ending .June 30, 1920. Mr. DYER. Mr. Speaker, I make a point of order against FRIDAY, July 18, 1919. the bill. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state his point of order. The Bouse met at 12 o'clock noon. 1\fr. !>YER. That it is not in order to take it up ·tor con The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Oouden, D. D., offered the fol sideration at this time. lowing prayer: The SPEAKER. The Ohair does not understand the gentle· 0 Thou eve1·llving God, the same yesterday, to-day, and for· man is offering it for consideration at this time. ·en•r ; creating, re-creating, upholding, sustaining Thy children Mr. DYER. I wanted to find out if it is -proposed to take in everything that is pure and holy, help us to be too ·wise to be it up now. · · ignorant, too strong to be weak, too broad to be narrow.. too just Mr. HAUGEN. I desire to take it up at the earliest possible to be prejudiced, too noble to be mean, too generous to be moment. selfish, too bra\e to be cowards, that the trend of our life may The SPEAKER. The bill is ordereu printed and referred to be Godward in imitation of the world's Great Exemplar. Amen. the Committee of the Whole House cOn the state of the Union. The :r om-nal of the proceedings of yesterday was 1·ead and 1\fr. CAMPBELL of Kan as. · Mr. Speaker, I · ttbmit a }>ri i- approved. leged report from the Committee on Rules. EXTENSION OF REMARKS. The SPEAKER. The Clerk Will report it. :Mr. RAYBURN. l\1r. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to The Clerk read .as follows : insert in the RECORD the report of the committee, headed by ex Resolved, '11hat immediately upon the adoption of this :resolution the House shall resolve itself into a Committee of the Wbol~ House on Ju J;ice of the Supreme Court Charles El Hughes, on the Bureau the state of the Union for the COD1!ideratlon of H. R. 11413, being a of War Risk In urance in reference to the consultations they bill "making appropriations tor the Department of Agriculture for the have been having the last few days. fiscal year ending June 30, 1920.*' 'l'hat the ftrst reading of tb bill shall be dispensed ·with. That there shall be one boor of -general de The SPEAKER. The gentleman from 'Texas asks unanimous bate, one-half of the time to be .controlled by the gentleill11Jl from consent to insert in tb.e REcoRD the report made by the committee Iowa [Mr. HAUG'EN] and one-half to be controlled by the gentleman on the War Ri k Insurance Bureau. from South Carolina [Mr. LEVER]. That at the conclusion of the gen eral debate the bill shall be read. That the · provis~ons in all para Mr. WALSH. What committee is that-Interstate Com graphs of ·said bill shall be in order. That on the reading of the bill merce>-- no amendments shall be in order except germane amendments to the 1\lr. RAYBURN. No; a report made by the committee headed following paragraph, beginning on line 8, page 102, of said bill : "That section 3 of the act entitled 'An act to ave daylight and to by ex-Justice Hughes, which has been through the bureau in provide standard time for the United States,' approved March 19, 1918, the last few days, an expurgated copy of which was found in is hereby repealed, etrective on the last Sunday of October, 1919, after the newspapers this morning. the approval of this act, when by th~ retarding of one hour the etand ard ttme of each zone hall be returned to and thereafter be the mean Mr. WALSH. Ex-Justice Hughes? astronomical time of the degree of longitude go"'erning each zone as Mr. RAYBURN. And several other members. defined in section 1 of said act approved March 19. 1918." Mr. WALSH. The name sounds fam.ili r. That at the conclusion of the r-eading of said bill it ha11 be reported to the Ron e with such amendments as may be ·made to the paragraph Mr. LaGUARDIA. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, specified as subject to amendment. That thereupon the previous ques this committee is an unofficial committee, is it not? tion shall be con idered as ordered on the bill and amendments to final :Mr. RAYBURN. Oh, yes. passage without intervening motion except one motion to recommit. Mr. LAGUARDIA. And some society ladies and others are Mr. CLARK of :Missouri. 1\fr. Speaker, I would like to ask on it, are they not? the gentleman a question or two. l\lr. RAYBURN. Well, ! ·do not know ~t that is any refiec- Mr. CAMPBELL of K-ansas. I yield to the g~ntleman f1·om tion on these ladies-- · :Missouri for a question. Mr. LAGUARDIA. I do not mean any. 1\fr. CLARK of Mis ouri. What makes you shut out any dis· 1\ir. RAYBURN. _They are the heads of great organiza- cussion or anendment of these four other senatorial proposi tions-- · tions that were hitched on this bill originally and the House Mr. LAGUARDIA. ~ut not expert insurance people; rather never had any chance to discuss except on the conference report? a social affair? 1\Ir. CAMPBELL of Kansas. That was asked by the Com Mr. RAYBURN. I think ex-Justice Hughes of the Supreme mittee on Agriculture after consulting with Members of n.n Court is considered a pretty good authority on insurance matters. other body, with a view of expediting the passage of the bill. Mr. CRAMTON. Does the gentleman think in a few hours It was thought it woUld materially expedite the pu.ssage of this any committee can make an overhauling of that department that bill if the Senate amendments, that would have been subject: to would be considered-- · · a point c0f order, were made in order and reported as a O'reed 1\fr. RAYBURN. They do not profess to make any overhauling upon by the C()nferees. of the department or a full investigation. This is an advisory Mr. CLARK of Missouri. What goes of this great hullabaloo committee asked here to consult on certain policies with refer- here that we have had about senatorial riders on appropriatiop. ence to that bureau. · bills? Have the Republicans entirely surrendered on that prop Mr. LaGUARDIA. What is the purpose of getting it in the osition or not? RECORD at this time! Mr. CAMPBELL of Kan a . '!''hat is not the question immedi 1\fr. RAYBURN. I would like for the Members of the Bouse ately before the .House .at this time. to have an opportunity of knowing what they say about certain Mr. CLARK of Missouri. 1 know it is not, and I -um trying to matters set out in this repcn't. get informatio~. · · 1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-ROJJSE. Mr. C.AMPBELL of K ansas. The Committee -on .A,gricultur.~ The SPEAKER. On this vote 372 Members have answ.ered to ns I stated.• wm-e -desirous of expe.ditin.g the ,Passage :of :this l>ill t .their ;nawes; ,a quorum is present. and ..PIO¥iding a-ppropriations, so that the sala:ties uf -the .e.m- 1\It:. :CAlVIPBELL ,gf Knnsas. 'Mr. S_peaker:, I move .that fur- ployees .in the Department .of .1\gricuitul'e .:ce.uld ~be paid. I -un-- . tller _proC!eedings :under the -ca'll be dispensed with. derstand that they are now selling their Ube~ bond-s to ::PRY 'The .motion was _agreed 't-o. their 'living expenses because there is no 1money ava:rntlJle to ·pay 1 The SPEAKER. ·The Doorkeeper will open the do.ors. their salaries. 1 l\Ir. CAMPBELL .of Kansas. M.r. S_peaker, I yield 15 mimrtes Mr. GARNER. Does the gentleman believe the :method he has to t he g_entlema.n :IT-am Tenn~ssee [Mr. GARRETT], to be used as adopted now will expedite the .final consummation ,of i:iiis legis- he may ·determine. lation? 'The S.PEAKJl}R. Th-e gentleman from Tennessee is recog- Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. That is the belief of the commit- tlized for 1.15 minutes. tee that reported the bill. l\lr. ·GARRETT. Mr. :Speaker, the:re are two ·phases of this Mr. ·GARNER. I think that its belief iB not we:ll1oundei:L mutter to which 'I wish to call tne attention of gentlemen flf ·Mr. RUBEY. Will the gentleman yield? the House. 'The ·question of the daylight-saving legislation is 1\Ir. CAMPBELL .of Kansas. I yield. 1 not the only question :and not the most ·serious proposition that l\fr. RUBEY. I desh·e to give the gentleman some infarma- I 'is involved in this -v:ery d.r.as tic ~·esolution presented .by the tion, and that is that the report of the Committee ..c:m Agricultur-e Committee on 'Rules. It was stated before the Committee on was not a unanimous report. .Rule 'by tlle -Chainnan of -the Committee on .Agriculture :Wh-en Mr. ·CLARK of Missouri. I -would 'lik-e to ask if :this is .not [ ~plying fer tbi-s .reso1ut1on :that there were, as I remember it, -another instance of "passing the buck ... ? 1 at least .Six 'legis1utive propoSitions contained in the bill as re- Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. .l am not familiar with that .ported =by llis .c_o..mmtttee whiCh were placed in the fo:rmer ,bill term. [Laughter.] by way of ..amendment by .the Senate and those legislative prope- Mr. KNUTSON. Will ·the gentleman yield? I siti€ms were never passed ·en by the Bouse of Representatives Mr. GAMP.BEL~ of Kansas. For a question. . . . · .sa:ve o.n'Jy ..a.s the Rouse was voting u_pon the final completed l\Ir. KNUTSON. ·May I ask the gen.tlerrum ·from MissOID'l 1 conference ..rep01·t. [Mr. RUBEY] if the ·nemocratic members of the Committee on I Now, .this resolution :provides that .aU those propositions shall Agriculture were in favor of daylight sa.-ving? be m Ol'iler, ·and it ·further pl'o:vides that they shall not be .su:b- l\1r. RUBEY. I will reply to the gentleman by ·saying that the . ject to amendment. Therefor-e six important legislative propo Democratic mellibers of the committee, ·speaking for :myself., .:axe j' sltions JLre :to ·be brought de novo before the H-ouse for the con not in favor of :delaying this ·gr-eat bill by .sending it a-gain to the side.ration of the House--propoSitions that would not be in order, President of the United States. :[A:-ppla:use on the Democratic 1 perhap~, .unae.r the .g.e:neral.r.tiles'()f the Honse, ·and yet the House side.] : must pass upon them without even being _permit ted to offer an l\Ir. DYER. Will the gentleman yield :for a. question? :;amendment .to strike them :.Out. 1 do .not ·favor any such prin- Mr. CAMPBELL -of Kansas. ·For a question. ; cip1e of 'legislati-on as that, and for that reason I shall vote Mr. DYER. The gentleman knows, of ·com·se, that his com- J against the previous question on this resolution. mittee ·presented and ·had adopted by this House a ·special ~e ; The other phase of the matter is this so-called daylight-.sav for the -consideration of this prohibition regulation bill. noes !.mg ,prQPoSition. With that gentlemen are .quite -Tamiliar. 'The the gentleman think that rthis bill·which -he now womd :ma:ke J.n , House has passed an independerrt ·hill, for which, by the way, I order should tak-e precedence aver the Jll'Ohibition bill .and ·is ·of 1 voted, and will vote .again, to .repeal that daylight-saving 1aw, greater importance to the country than that great .bill that we ; ana that bill ts now pend:lng before another body ready for absolutely want so ·badly? .· action at any time it chooses to act. That body placed an l\11·. CAMPBELL,ofKansas. In am;wer to the :gentleman from 1 .amendment on .the ..Agricultura! .appropriation bill which car- 1\fis ouri, who.is :so -eager for the ear1y ..enactment of the law -for : ried the repeal of the -d'aylight saving, placing it there b y way the enforcement .of prohibition, ·I will state that it is impo:rtant ! -of .a .rider. The President of the 'United States ha.s seen fit to the country that provision 'be -made for the payment of the :ex- . to veto the entire bill 'because of tbat proposition. This House penses of the Department of Agriculture, 'Which is now·without l has voted once, .exercising its right, a,ye_, its ·cunstitutional duty, funds. . . :and 1t failed i.o .pass it ov:er the veto .of :the .President. Now~ it 1\fr. DYER. Will the gentleman yield nn-ther :fer just a · is ·proposed to come again, :with J)recisely ·the .same legislation minute.!? · in princi_ple, and :Once more carey it to .the .PreSident of the .1\fr. CAMPBELL o'f Kansas. For .a question onl_y. 'United States. For what! ·we ·know he will -v.eto it -again. I Mr. DYER. Well, if· the -gentleman feels that w.ny -about it, · can c.onc.eive of no reason why it is desired to do it ·save per that it is ·so important, why does he ·intend to make in ocder :a . 1m:ps to ·give the House another 'Opportunity to vote to pass it bill which has upon it a rider which ·he knows from the con- ; over the President's veto. That can be had ·by the Senate n·o,ersy ~bout it will delay the enacting of this bill into "law -for · pasSing the independent bill and letting us have -a strnigbt test maybe months and weeks? 1Applause.] · on that .measure without tying up one .of the gr-eat d-epartments l\lr'. GARRETT. Will.the gentleman be goed enongh to :Mr. HAUGEN. I can not yield now. in its consideration. I say that in answer to the statement of Are you willing that the employees of the Department of Agrl- the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HAUGEN]. · If. the previous ques 1 culture shall go without pay? We submit the proposition to tion is voted down, a proper resolution for the immediate con you. The responsibility is. upon you. If you delay, you will be sideration of this bill will be forthcoming very promptly. responsible. If you vote down this rule, you delay the passage Mr. HAUGEN. What assurance can the gentleman give us · of the bill. for a rule that will give immediate consideration? What is there to this rule? Only that the House may bave Mr. GARRETT. If the previous question is voted down, the . ·opportunity to vote for or against the repeal of the so-called gentleman will have his resolution very promptly. . daylight-saving act. That is all there is to the proposition. Now I yield three minutes to the gentleman from South Caro Are you afraid to trust yourselves? Are you afraid to go on lina [:Mr. BYRNES]. record? Are you so determined to defeat this proposition-a Mr. BYRNES of South Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I represent proposition that 95 pe1· cent of the farmers desire· to have ·re- an agricultural district, and I introduced a bill to repeal the :pealed, and .repealed immediately-to refuse to take care of the daylight-saving law. I voted for the separate bill that passed r department? It will not do, gentlemen, merely to say that you the House and is now in the Senate. I voted for this rider to are for the repeal of the daylight-saving act and to do every the Agricultural bill. I voted to override the President's veto. : thing that you can to defeat it. That will not go. Should the Senate pass the bill now pending in the Senate It has been suggested that if this proposition is turned down and the President veto it, I will again vote to override the the farmer ~ill forget. Do not be deceived. If the farmer is President's veto. But, gentlemen of the House, I am not going compelled to get up an hour earlier in the morning, at 3 o'clock to lend myself to this absolutely inexcusable and indefensible instead of 4 o'clock, with his lantern in hand, he will be reminded proposition submitted to-day. 'of the President's veto and the action of Congress. Gentlemen, The gentleman from Iowa [:Mr. HAuGEN] asserts that he has will you haYe it said that the Committee on Agriculture, having at heart the interests of the Agricultural Department. He jurisdiction of matters pertaining to agriculture, should deny knows and .I know that every project in that department is the farmers the right to have this matter determined by their embarrassed to-day; that the work is being stopped; that em own Representatives? Are we not safe in leaving it to the ployees who should have been paid on the 15th have not been vote of their own Representatives? Are you afraid to trust your paid, and are borrowing money all around the city of ·wash selves? That is the only proposition. Anyone who knows any ington. He says that we are responsible for the. delay in pass thing about .it-and my Democratic friends know it as well as ing the bill if we vote against this rule. Are you honest in it? I do, and everybody knows it-knows that the only way to insure Bring in a continuing resolution continuing the appropriations a speedy consideration and passage of this bill is simply to give that the department had last year. If the gentleman wHl do the House an opportunity to \Ote upon the proposition so that a that, the appropriations will be continued and this que tion vote may be had in the Senate. can be fought out; but to bring this proposition in here when Mr. CLARK of Missouri. 1\Ir. Speaker, will the gentleman 3U~h conditions exist in the department, when employees who yield? • are on lea-ve and expected to visit their homes can not ~o Mr. HAUGEN. Yes. because they have not the money, when they are borrowing l\1r. CLARK of Missouri. Why do you not give the House money to pay board bills, when the work of the department a crack at these six propositions that the Senate opens up throughout the country is stopped, and then submit this propo '\Vith? . sition to the President again, is playing politics instead of in The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from lowa has a patriotic ~ay attempting to legislate in behalf of the country. expired. It is merely an effort to embarrass the President. Bring in Mr. HAUGEN. I have no objection. your continuing resolution and continue the appropriations of -, Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I yleld to the last year, and as soon as you do it every one of us will yote to ~entleman two minutes more. repeal the daylight-saving law. If you do not, you are uot The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa is recognized going to use us to further any such scheme. for two minutes more. Mr. ALEXANDER. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. CLARK of Missouri. .If you vote for this new rule, you Mr. BYRNES of South Carolina. Yes. will vote to shut the House up on these six senatorial proposi Mr. ALEXANDER. With the elimination of the daylight tions that are riders! They can not be amended. saving proposition could not the Committee on Rules bring in a. Mr. HAUGEN. The House accepted the six propositions· rule to suspend the rules and pass the Agricultural bill to-day? unanimously. Mr. BYRNES of South Carolina. The gentleman knows that Mr. CLARK of 1\lissouri. They were accepted by the House they .could and it would be adopted in 30 minute , the bill . ent on the conference report on the whip and spur of getting this to the Senate, and made a law within 24 hour . But let us not great appropriation bill through, and the House ne-ver had a deceive ourselves. Every man on this side of the House knows chance to discuss those Senate propositions. that by taking this cour e ~e are going to delay the enactment Mr. HAUGEN. I put it up to the Democratic side of this of this Agricultural bill and embarrass the department. 'Ve House. Will you now delay the passage of tnis bill under should adopt a continuing resolution to ave the depattment the· pretext that yo.u want .consideration of a proposition that or else leave the amendment out of the bill and end it to the you voted unanimously to accept heretofore? [Applause.] Senate. Let the Senate vote on the House bill now pending It is up to you, gentlemen. . , in the Senate and send it to the President .and if he \etoes Mr. RUBEY. Will the gentleman yield? it I will vote to override the veto. But this proposition is sim Mr. HAUGEN. I yield to the gentleman. ply an effort to tie it on here without an opportunity to put Mr. RUBEY. Does the gentleman tl:Unk he will expedite an amendment on it, send it to the Senate, and then send it to the passage of this bill by passing it here and sending it to the the President and have it vetoed and come back here and delay Senate, and from there to the President to have it vetoed and the appropriations for the Department of Agriculture. You sent back here again'? gentlemen who represent agricultural districts nnd who are in Mr. HAUGEN. The gentleman from Io~a not only thinks so, favor of the existence of the Department of Agriculture can not but the gentleman from 1\Iissouri himself knows it. No one afford to vote for such a proposition. [Applau e.] knows it better than the gentleman from Missouri. [Ap Mr. CAMPBELL of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I yield eight plause.] minutes to the gentleman from Illinois [l\Ir. RoDENBERG] . Mr. RUBEY. l know it will cause more delay-- 1\fr. RODENBERG. 1\!r. Speaker, I am heartily in fa\or· of 1\fr. HAUGEN. You can not deceive the American people by the adoption of this resolution. I concede, of course, that the any procedure of this kind. Be candid about it. We must deal President was clearly within his constitutional rights when he with the situation exactly as we have it. We are trying to pass vetoed the Agricultural appropriation bill because it contained this bill. You are trying to delay it, and the responsibility a provision repealing the law known as the daylight-saving rests with you. The responsibility rests upon the President. law. But I, for one, insist that there are times when even the He kept this bill ·10 days. The Committee on Agriculture re President is not justified in exercising his right of veto, and ported the bill. We have given it consideration, we have re especially when by so doing he sets at defiance the overwhelm ported it, we have requested a rule, and the rule is here. The ing sentiment of the people whom he is supposed to serve and opportunity is here. Will you turn it down'? Gentlemen, the whose wishes he is supposed to carry out. [Applause on the responsibility is with you. [Applause.] Republican side.] Mr. SCOTT. Will the gentleman -yield 1 The gentleman from South Carolina ha.s talked about the Mr. HAUGEN. Yes. • great Department of Agriculture not being able to function. The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman has expired. If that department is not able to function it is due to the Mr. GARRETT. Mr. Speaker, I simply wish to say that obstinacy of the President of the United States and nothing gentlemen need not be alarmed about this bill being delayed else. [Applause on the Republican side.] 1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2835 There is an explanati-on for this most unpopular action of bill to repeal that law, and that bill is in the Senate, and we the President. In violation of a tradition as old as the Repub should abide by the action of that bill. Those of us who voted lic, and which has been regarded by all of his predecessors as against the bill will abide by it. We threw out this rider on binding as law, the President, as we know, has absented him the .Agricultural bill when it was before us; we voted against the ' self from the country for eight or nine months. • He has bill that was passed. The presidential \eto was sustained in 'breathed a foreign atmosphere so long that he is no longer in this House, and now they can not force this on us and say '"Close touch with the sentiment of the common people of his that it is a party matter. The indinduals on the committee r~wn country. who brought in this rule seem to individually disavow such The pleas of the farmers-all the farmers-of the mothers of action but collecti\ely approve it. I appeal to the new Members children of school age, and of many of the workingmen of this on this side that this IS not a party matter, but it is simply the . country that they should be relieved of the effects of this irk pressure being brought to bear by the agrarian movement. We some and foolish law, passed in the first instance by Congress have a perfect right to vote against the prenous question and ~ simply because it bore the Presidential stamp of being a war vote against the rule and also to vote against the bill if the 'measure, has fallen on deaf ears. rule is carried. There is nothing irregular in that vote. Do Of course, now that the whole world has been made safe for not let an argument of party regularity change your attitude. ,.democracy, perhaps it is appropriate that the President should I repeat it is not a party matter. I do not know what per insist that every day in this country should be made safe for centage of the people · all over the country want this measure the joy rider and for the patron of the golf links and tennis kept as a law, but I know that an overwhelming majority of courts. Without intending any disrespect, because I have the the people in my city are for keeping this law as it is, and I 'gren test possible respect for the office of President, I want to believe that when the President returned to his P. C. and ·say that when the President makes the assertion in his veto got the reports from his listening posts they reported accu: 1 PJ,essage that this legislation is in the interest of the working rately that the majority of the people of this country are in favor ' men of this country he is about as far wrong as he was when, of keeping the law exactly as it is on the statute books to-day. I· 'as a member of the Paris peace conference, he allowed the [Applause.] In the ,...arne breath that we are urged to vote for friendly Republic of China to be robbed of the Province of this repeal comes the claim that we want to expedite the pas· Shantung by the wily and unscrupulous Jap. [Applause on the sage of the appropriation bilJ. Notwithstanding that fact, a Republican side.] rule is brought in, which, if carried, absolutely hinders and I represent a great industrial district--one of the greatest retards the p::u;sage of the bill. I repeat it, and every man of industrial districts in this country-and the workingmen of common sense must acknowledge it, that we ha.-e passed a re ·that district, as well as the farmers, are Ullil.nimously in favor pealing bill; that that bill is now before the Senate; that it of the immediate r.epeal of this law, and they advance most can be passed by the Senate in a few minutes and again put up to the President squarely on its merits. If you are so sure excellent reasons for their demand. They say that because of that the people of the country want a change, why do you not the intense heat that prevails throughout the Middle West it is let it go to the President as a separate bill and not after a >eto impossible for them to sleep until late at night, when it gets attach it as a rider to this appropriation bill? [Applause.] 'somewhat cooler, but that they are compelled under this law I urge again the 1\Iembers who have .-oted against this repeal, to get up an hour earlier in the morning and thus to lose an hour who have sustained the fight in the House, to stand by us now of refreshing, invigorating, and beneficial sleep. That is what and to Yote against the previous question and \ote against the they object to. acceptance of the rule. [Applause.] Talk about this being in the interest of the workingman! I 1\fr. GARRETT. 1\fr. Speaker, at the request of seyeral Mem want to say that the great majority of the workingmen who live bers, I "'i.sh to make it perfectly clear that if the previous ques in the section where we have hot summers are bitterly opposed tion be voted down I will then be entitled under the practice to this measure. of the House to the floor, and will immediately offer a resolu There is another element that is found in opposition to this tion to take up at once the consideration of this Agricultural freakish law about which I wish to speak, a strong element, appropriation bill under the general rules of the House. strong in numbers and powerful in influence, and that is the l\1r. RUBEY. Read the resolution. · mothers of children who are going to school. You and I and l\!1·. GARRETT. It will take too much of my time, but the every one of us who is so fortunate to have a son knows that it bill will be considered under the usual rules of the House, in .is next to impossible to induce a healthy, vigorous, normal boy the manner in which these bills are considered usually. There to quit his play and come in the llouse until it is dark. Under will, therefore, be no delay about that. this new-fangled law darkness does not come until about 9 I now yield the remainder of my time to the gentleman from ~'clock, and 9 o'clock is time for children to be in bed. As a Illinois [1\.fr. JoHN W. RABEY]. ·t·esult our boys and girls are deprived of the hour which they Mr. JOHN W. RAI!'i"'EY. 1\.Ir. Speaker, I want to c.all atten have heretofore devoted to study in preparation for their school tion to the statement made by the Republican spokesman, my ;work of the following day. If you will consult the school colleague from Illinois [Mr. RoDEi\""BERG]. He said that the teachers of the country, _I venture to say that they will tell you distinguished President has evidently been out of touch with that more children have flunked in their studies since this law the people of this country. The Republican Party has been :went into effect than at any time before in the history of the peeved e\er since the people {)f the country reelected the pres country. [.Applause.] . ent incumbent of the White House, and because he won the . The truth of the matter is there is not a single justification admiration of the people of the United States and went abroad .for the continuation of this law. It has accomplished no sub and won the admiration of the world the Republicans are more stantial or beneficial results of any kind. peeved than ever. I voted against the repeal of the daylight Mr. PELL. 1\fr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? saving law. It was passed, and this great man in the White Mr. RODENBERG. No; I shall not yield. The law has House had the courage to veto it because he was in touch with ,proved an intolerable nuisance to many of our people, and I the majority of the people of the United States, and he knows •hope that when the rule is adopted and the bill is again passed that the majority of the people are opposed to the repeal of .and sent to the President he; for once in his life, will set aside the daylight-saving law. It resolves itself into a contest be· Jrls own pride of opinion and listen to the voices of the representa tween the farmers and the people of the cities. The Repre· tives of the people and sign the bill. [Applause.] sentatives of the agricultural districts come in here, the rep· l\1r. GARRETT. Mr. Speaker, I yield three minutes to the resentatives of the farmers, who are banded together and gentleman from New York [Mr. LAGUARDIA]. show their strength. They insist that this law shall be· re 1\.Ir. LAGUARDIA. Mr. Speaker, after the attitude that I pealed and they demand their commands be obeyed. I come from ha\e taken on this measure and the fight that I tried to put up a city where thousands and hundreds of thousands of the toilers against this repeal I would be lacking in self-respect and courage who work in the great industries do not want it repealed, where if I did not take the floor at this time. I fail to see thB analogy there are little girls in the factories who are denied an oppor between the Shantung situation and justifying the repeal of tunity to enjoy God's sunlight otherwise, and I want them to this law as a rider -on an appropriation bill. [Applause.] I have an opportunity to get out of doors to build themselves up ;want to tell my colleagues on the Republican side o.f the House physically and mentally. There are about 12,000,000 people the new Members-that this is not a party matter. We may be engaged in agricultural pursuits as against 27,000,000 who are nel'i' to this House, but we know how a paJ:'ty matter can be engaged in other industries; therefore my colleague [Mr. brought about, and none of us is bound to this rule as a party RoDENBERG] is out of touch with the people inst~ad of the proposition. President. Tl!e gentleman from IJlinois [l\'lr. RoDENBERG] complains about This is not a partisan question, but eyery opportunity given the condition of the farmer -and the ·condition of the school . the Republicans of this House to inject politics and criticize· the child L·en. Tllis repeal does not take effect until 1\!arch of 1920. leader of the .American people they grasp it ; they admonish It uoes not repeal the law immediately. We ha\e passed a him for going to Europe, and if he refrained from crossing the . 2836 CONGRESSIONAL-·RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 18, ocean in all lilielihoo Oliver Rofiinson, N. C. Stedmacn Watson, Va. was the current repo·rt that. th.e Pre ident, having. s.pent a few Olney Romjue Hteele Wea:ver Ove1•street Rubey Stephens, Miss. Webb . days in the United· States, has been in:Iormed concerning the Padgett Ruc.ker Stephens,. Ohio· Welllng . wishes of the people of the United States with reference to Park Sabat h Stevenson· Welty this war measure and that he is now ready to act accordingly. 'Parrish • and~ r s , La. Sumners Tex. Whaley Pell Saunders, Va. Taylor, ark.1 Wilson, La• . I ti:OJ net 1.-n:ow how reliable that infO-rmation is. Much of my Phelan Scott Taylor, Colo. Wilson, Pa. fnformatfon is of a negative character, procmed by. consulting ·Pot! S"ears Thompson. Okla. Wingo the ran1.-i.ng members of our committee on the other side, men Ragsdale Sherwood Tillman Wise Ra1ney, H . .T. Siegel Tinkham Wo.ads, Va. whom you would have supposed the President wouldi have con Rainey, J. W. Sims· Upshaw Wright suited before vetoing this bill; men of the opposite party to Raker Small' Venabl(:r Young,. Tex. . myself,.. who are famillau with conditions in the United States, RandaU, Calif . Smithwick Vinson 1Rayburn Steagall Watkins . who favor t1le repeal of the daylight-sanng law., anci men . wh-e know the feeling of the people here. I am informed A.:.~SWERED "PltESENT "-1. : that the President never talked to one of them before vetoing Nolan' the bill. He· must have been busy in pl'eparing that long NOT "VOTING-50. treaty ana in the work that lie had abwad, and he was simply Ashhrook Gould King S'chall. · iTI-adVised in making that veto, and we are all hoping it will Britten Graham. Pil. Lee, Ga:. Scully' Bro'!>ne Greene, Vt. McClintic- Slemp not dccur again. Costello Griffin Malier Smtth-,N. Y. The other proposition is that a two-thirds majority of both Dewalt Hamill Mann Stiness Rouses of COngress have voted to repeal this law, and there Dooling Hamirton Mason Sullivan Eagle Hicks Neely Tilson was so.me· question in the committee whether that proposition Echols Hull, Tenn. Porter Vare had been properly. presented to the Chief Executive. li think Fairfield Ireland Purnell Volstead he was not advised on this subject. I am sure that some Frear Kahn Reed, W. Va. Walsh Freeman Kelley, Mich. Riordan Walters one from that side of the House had talked to him on on-e of Godwin, N. C.· Kettner Rouse the days that he was at home concerning a man at Ellis Goodall Kiess Rowan Island whom they were- going. to have. removed. Then I think So· the pre·dous question WllS' ordered. another man spent a day. or two with him, n Mr; DENISON. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield 'l House had the chance to advise him with regard to public senti 1\Ir. SEARS. Y es. · m-ent On this matter, and I am quite sure no Republican could MI.". DENISON. Does the gentleman think the President do it. The!·efore, 1t is not surprising that the President guessed would veto this bill if it goes te him a second time! WJ:eng when he went in the face of public opinion in his veto Mr. SEARS. If the President was sincere in his first veto-, statement ascribing universal popuLarity to the irksome unwieldy anu I beijeve he was, though I did n{)t and do net agree with.him, daylight-saving law. But now he knows better. The n~wspapers he wiU be false to himself if he does not veto it again if it in have informed Jiim. Democrati~ and Republican speeches cludes the daylight-saving clause. printed. in the RECORD from a Congress sent here by a wide- I de ire simply to say fuTther, 1\fr. Chairman, if the daylight . awake national constituency have informed him. Petitions saving clause is permitted to remain in the bill, and it can only numbeTed by multiplied thousands have informed him. be permitted to remain in the bill for the purpose of embrun-assing No 1\Ien;!ber on either side of this House will challenge my the Presidentt those who are responsible can not escape the statement Wilen I say that President Wilson knows to-day what responsibility for any delay in the final passage of the bill. the people of America think about the daylight-saving law. I desire further to say I trust my Republican colleagues are Yet Democrats stand here and say he will again veto this bill sincere in their efforts to seeure a repeal ot the daylight-saving if we seek to repeal the daylight-saving-law. But I am unwilling law, and,. if they are, that they will see to it that the Senate to subscribe to that harsh view of the President. r should not passes the bill for that purpose which we passed and sent over like to believe, as the members of his -party assume to believet there some time ago. I hall watch with a great deal of interest that the President would bow his neek in the stubborn pride of the final outcome and the fate of that bilL opinion and ride roughshod: over the action of a CongresS' voicing Mr. HAUGEN. Mr. Chairman, I yield three minutes to. the the recognized public sentiment. Ye4 i:J! my charitable excuse. gentleman from l\lissouri [:Mr. HAYs]. for his veto blunder is not wen founded, if he should persist in Mr. HAYS. Mr. Chairman, the President vetoed the Agricul defying public judgment, then we have the right to lmow it. tural a-ppropriation bill because that bill carried a provision Mr. RUBEY. 1\!r. Chairman, I would like to ask permission to repeal th-e daylight-saving law. A large majority, but Iess. to extend tne few remarks I made a wn.ne ago. tha:n two-thirdst of this House has vote~d to everride that veto.. The CIIA.lltMAN. The gentleman from Misseurf asks unani The appropriation bill is again before Congress for consider , m We were unable to pass the old bill over his veto; so why should better heaith1 and it has made for the comfort and improve we hope for strength to pass an independent daylight-saving ment of both mind and body. It has been the means of saving repeal over hiS veto? fuel and artificial light to a very large extent ; and in these Gentlemen, I put the propo ~ition up to you as a matter of days of high and excessive cost of living it has aided in tile expediency. Let us stand for repeal in the Agricultural bill and savings· of the middle and the pooret• elasses. · · put it squarely n:p to the President~ Too much is at stake under An amusing feature of the debates upon the law has been the e vast approPt"iations for him to hazard a second veto. One to hear Representatives of the farming districts vigorously of the greatest divisions of our Government, a department far appeal to the House as though the agri~ultural interests were reaching in its activities, is now paralyzed by reason of the exclusively to be considered and people engaged in industrilil, recent veto. Can the Pr~sident afford to prolong that disaster commercial, manufacturing, and professional opportunities were by another veto! I say he can not. I assert that at the time he deserving of no consideration at all. It was repeated again wrote his veto me age he was ill-advised as to true conditions. and again oiP the floor that those who opposed the provision He stated in the message that the daylight-saving law had given to repeal were merely golf players and sought inereased day "all but universal atisfa:ction ~" You Democrats who oppose us light for .their 0Wn enjoyment. Thos.e who thus spoke were to-day concede that the· President was misinformed when he either insincere in their unfounded and unjustified statements wrote the text of that message. But still you say he would veto or else woefully ignorant of eonditions of the masses outside of it again. In your zeal to protect the President from his manifest their rural environments. blunder, perhaps you are unfair to him in your estimate of his In my insistence that the daylight-saving law be retained, I character. I have great respect for the office- of President; and. I not only satisfy my own betier in the beneficial character of the have great respect for 1\lr. \Vilson. I want to deal more fairly law, but I am obedient to the demand of .millions of' toiling men with him than do you gentlemen. Qn the oth-er side 0f the aisle. and wolll,en,. boys rind gi_rls, whom the increased hours of day Some excuse may be offered for the mistake he has made. For light, with all its opportunities and advantages, has brought many months he has been away from America. Although most much cheer and pleasure,. better health arid economic conditions. of us believed he should have been in Washington, where his The President in his wisdom, and in the exercise of his con official duties lay, he saw fit to spend his time abroad I do not stitutional right, vetoed the Agricultural bill because of the recall that fact for critiei m, because he· was following the line rider that provided for the repeal of daylight saving. In his of duty as he saw it. But I do reeall the fact in &rde:rr that you veto message he clearly stated his objectionS' to the repeal. In may see how completely he was ont of touch with th€ masses of the exercise of the duty and prerogatives of the House we took I)eople at home~ He could not know how obnoxious and offensive a. vote on tile question whether the bill should pass notwith the daylight-saving law had become. In the- brief interval be .standing the President's objection.. and the veto for want of a ' tween his return from the- royal courts of Europe and the as!'!er: two-thirds' vote was sustained. Why, then, try to foist this tion of his veto power h-e had no eh,ance to inform himself about measure upo.n. this House again? The attempt to coerce the the views of our people on this important question Moreover, in Pres.id.elit will not succee~ for were this repeal measure to be the abundance of his wisdom. the President is not prone to seek again passed by the House it would be met by another veto of advice from smailer minds. I dare say no Democrat in this the President. I have no patience with this effort to injeet 2842 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 18,' partisan politics or play the game of petty politics wjth so assurance have you if you retain this provision in this bill that great a measure as is before us. The attempt now made to the President will not again veto it? You have no assurance pass the repealing clause after the President's veto has been whatever that he will not veto it, but on the other hand you sustained is unfair to the President, and is making a mere foot have every reason to believe he will again veto the whole bill. ball of this legislation. If it should pass, it will lead to . an In fact you and I are practically certain he will again veto it. unjustified delay in making necessary appropriations for the Then why willfully endanger all the appropriations for the payment of Government employees and meeting the expenses great Agricultural Department when by pursuing a sensible for conducting the Agricultural Department and its ~ctivities. and reasonable course we can promptly pass this bill and then For such delay those who now seek the repealing clause passed secure the repeal of the daylight-saving law on its own merits, wil! be responsible. if we can secure its repeal at alL I am not unmindful that much inconvenience may be caused Mr. WELLING. Will the gentleman yield? to a great many people in the land due to the changed daylight Mr. CANDLER. I am sorry I can not yield; I have not the schedule, but the greatest good is to be given to the greatest · time. Now, then, if this repeal provision is put upon this bill, number, and viewing daylight saving as wholesome and salutary if you will examine it, you will see it does not provide for the to the greatest number of the people, I oppose the repeal of the repeal of the daylight-saving law until the last Sunday in next law. October. I want to repeal it right now, to-day. You have plenty Mr. LEVER. Mr. Chairman, I yield five minutes to the gen of time to pass a law to repeal it long before next October. tleman from 1\'lississippi [Mr. CANDLER]. You have got plenty .of time. You appear very anxious to-day 1\fr. CANDLER. Mr. Speaker, I ask that the gentleman from and show great app~rent zeal to put this provision in this b~ll Ohio [1\fr. MooNEY] be recognized for one minute of the five to repeal this law "next October," when you know it will defeat allotted to me. its repeal and defeat all the appropriations for the whole Agri- ' Mr. MOONEY. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the commit cultural Department. Are you willing to do that? I am not. tee, there is a very unusual situation in roy city in regard to the [Applause.] Besides that, on the last Sunday in October the matter under consideration. Cleveland, I think, was the first, clocks will be turned back anyway and w·ill not again be certainly one of the first, cities to adopt the daylight-saving turned forward until March, 1920, under the pre: ent daylight plan and it gave universal satisfaction, but shortly after the saving law as it is on the statute books. Therefore you will Nation followed our lead we were transferred from the central have from now until next October to repeal it and accomplish to eastern time zone. Unaer this arrangement we were really the same result, and not lose a minute of time, and in addition 1 hour and 40 minutes ahead of the sun, and following an ordi to that you will have six months after the 26t day of nex't nance by the city council the law has been disregarded. October to repeal it and not take the slightest risk of defeating It gave me pleasure to vote for the repeal of this law when the Agricultural bill. Now, honestly, do you not believe that our House bill was up for consideration. Later, when the Agri would be the safer and better course? Therefore your great cultural bill came back with Senate rider to repeal the law, al anxiety to pass this provision in this bill for the repeal of this though it seemed to me that this was no proper rider for an law next October, when undei· the present law the clocks will appropriation bill, I again voted for it, and still agaili when be turned back then anyway, does not seem to be genuine, but it came back vetoed by the President. I favored the repeal of simply appears to be a disposition to play cheap peanut politics daylight saving then and have not changed my position now; in reference to this bill and an effort to slap the President in the there is a bill for that purpose that has passed this House and face, and if you do that I assure you that you '\\ill not secure · is now pending in the Senate. I shall support that bill again the passage of the Agricultural appropriation bill or secure the should it come back to us. - I do not understand why that repeal of the daylight-saving bill by any such unbecoming and course can not be followed by the friends of this repeal. It unseemly tactics. [Applause.] You do not want either to pass seems to me that there must be some purpose in adding this the appropriation bill or repeal the daylight-saving law from rider to an appropriation bill which does not appear upon the the course you are pursuing, but to secure, if you can, some surface. The suspicion is present that some gentlemen who cheap political advantage, even at the expense of the general are confident that the President will again veto the entire bill good, because you have every reason to believe the President seek to make it appear that he is responsible for delaying pay will veto both again, and you can not pass the bill over his veto, ment of salaries to employees in this department. With any because you have tried it and failed, and if you try it again you such purpose I am not in sympathy; and for the reason that I will fail again, and you know it. Then why try? feel, as the distinguished gentleman from Kansas says he does, What is the becoming and sensible course to pursue? Elimi that there should be no delay, I shall vote against the daylight nate this provision and pass this Agricultural appropriation rider in this bill, not because I do not want it repealed, for I do, bill without it, and you know the President will promptly sign but because I am unwilling to hamper this great department of it as soon as it reaches him, and the great Agricultural Depart the Government. ment can resume its activities, which are now suspended and The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. paralyzed. \Ve have passed the bill repealing the clayli,.,.ht- av Mr. MOONEY. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to ing law in the House of Representatives, and it is now pending extend and revise my remarks. in the Senate. You Republicans have a majority in the Senate The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The as well as in the House. Let the Senate pass the daylight-repeal Chair hears none. bill which has already passed the House and which I Yoted for, Mr. CANDLER. The provision in this bill under considera and send it to the President, and if he vetoes it I will Yote to pass tion is the following : it over his veto. That is-the orderly and becoming way to pro That section 3 of the act entitled "An act to save daylight and to ceed to secure the passage of this Agricultural appropriation provide standard time for the United States," approved March 19, bill and to secure the repeal of the daylight-saving law. If both 1018, is hereby repealed, effective on the last Sunday of October, 1919, results can not be obtained in that way, they can not be obtained after tho approval of tl::.is act, when by the retarding -of one hour the standard time of each zone shall be retm·ned to and thereafter be the at all, and you must know it as well as I do. You are not mean astronomical time of the degree of longitude governing each deceiving yourselves, and you will not deceive the people, by zone as defined in section 1 of said act approved March 19, 1918. your claptrap and apparent zeal when you must know you will l\Ir. Chairman, this provision, if passed, would only Tepeal only delay what the people desire, to wit, the repeal of the one section-section 3--of the daylight-saving law. It would daylight-saving law and the passage of the Agricultural bill, if uot repeal all of the law ; only one section. I was one of only you persist in this course to include this provision as a ri Mr. CANDLER.· I thank you, gentlemen of the House,. for been sustained by the House, this is no method to try to enaet yilur attention and leave the matter with you for your senons such legislation-by rider, the most reprehensible way of making consideration and decision. [Applause.] ~~ . Mr. SEARS. l\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to The people in the large cities throughout the country-tho~ extend my remarks in the RECORD. who do the work-are in favor of the present daylight law; Mr. ELSTON. Does the gentleman wish to extend on the and yet some gentlemen coming from various parts of the remarks just made or extend his remarks upon another sub country, who do not know the cities and do not know the peoplG ject? who live in them, say to you that 90 per cent of the people in Mr. SEARS. On the remarks just made. those cities do not want the daylight-saving law. They ar Up::m the farmers of the cotmtry, therefore, in large measure rests matter has now come to the committee and to the House, how the fate of the war and the fate of the nations. May the Nation not count upon them to omit no step that w111 increase the production of ·cheir ever, in such form that those o.f us who desire to vote to sus lanu or that will bring about the most effectual cooperation in the sale tain daylight saving as it now exists may have an opportunity and distribution of their products? The time is short. to do so. Some gentlemen misunderstood this rule. It was It is of the most imperative importance that everything possible be done, and done immediately. to make sure of large harvests. I call brought in unquestionably in response to the demands of the upon young men and old alike and upon the able-bodied boys of the farmer constituency, and perhaps of the larger number of those land to accept and act upon this duty-to turn in hosts to the farms who vote on the Republican side of this House. I am always in anu make l'crtain that no pains and no labor is lacking in this great matter. favor of reaching the point on a question like this-we are dealing with an appropriation bill-and for that reason voted· This appeal was followed by this daylight-saving bill as a for the rule, but I reserved to myself the right, w.hich I still war measure, and while it met with much bitter opposition from reserve, when the opportunity comes, as I expect it will come, the farmers they finally withdrew that opposition under the as to vote for the continuance of the daylight saving as we now have urnnce from Congress and the President that when the war it. And I wish to assure our friends from the city districts \laS over the law should be repealed. that that opportunity will come to-day, and we will have a The present Agricultural bill, the. -first of its kind enacted square vote on t.he question. after the war, carried the repeal of the daylight-saving law. The CHAIRMA.N. The time of the gentleman has expired. It passed botll Houses of Congress with scarcely no oppo 1\fr. HAUGEN. 1\fr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from sition whatever and went to the President for his approval. Pennsylvania [Mr. RosE]. The President, without giving any new reasons whatever for the 1\Ir. ROSE. 1\fr. Chairman, I rise merely to add my approval repeal, \etoed the Agricultural appropriation bill on July 11, to what has already been said by the gentleman from Pennsyl and the House on July 14 by a vote of 248 to 135 said that the vania [l\1r. MooRE]. I voted for the rule for the same reason as President was wrong and that his veto did not meet the ap did the gentleman from Pennsylvania, with the express and dis proyal of Congress, but they lacked 8 \Otes of ha\ing the tinct understanding that opportunity would again be given to necessary two-thirds to override the veto. vote directly upon the section relating to daylight saving. It has been many years since any question has so aroused 1\fr. HAUGEN. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from the farmers of this Nation as has this veto, which has disre New York [1\fr. SNYDER]. garded the rights of those whom the President called upon to 1\Ir. SNYDER. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I have not said help win the war by making every sacrifice. a word on this :floor since thG passage of the Indian appropriation The farmers of this Nation did make to the \ery limit the bill. I have heard considerable discussion here about the people supreme sacrifice. They gave first their sons from nearly every in the cities favoring the continuance of the daylight-saving farm, depriving themselves in many cases of sufficient help, and act. I represent a district which is very largely industrial, but . forced the wife and mother, the daughters and little children, we have in addition varied agricultural interest . I have ~0 labor in the fields to take the place of the boys who had gone made a very careful canvass of my district on this question, and o\·erseas. They labored through e\ery hour of daylight and I find that the statements of gentlemen who are saying here far into the night to produce food for the Nation and the world. that the majority of the people in the cities favor the act are They submitted to extortionate freight rates under Government borne out by the information that I get from my district. But control of railroads. They obeyed all the war-time rules and I think a majority of the people of my district favor the repeal regulations of the Food Administration. They saved the ~ation of the act. I voted the other day to pass the measure over the aucl the world in its time of stress and peril, and now when they President's veto. I shall be glad to \Ote again to-day in the de ire above all things to get back to normal conditions and interest of the repeal of the act, bt>lieving that I am representing conduct their farms and business in their own way the Presi a very large percentage of the sentiment in my own district and dent by this veto_ disregards their rights and ridicules their a very large percentage of the sentiment of the people throughout every protest. the country. [Applause.] " 'hen the brewers and saloon keepers of the Nation ap 1\Ir. LEVER. l\f1·. Chairman, I yield three minutes to the gen pealed to the President to repeal war-time prohibition he sends tleman from Alabama [~Ir. ALMON]. a message to Congress saying : The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Alabama is recognized . Tbe demobilization of the military forces of th~ country has pro gres ed to such a point that it seems to me entirely safe now to remove for three minutes. . the ban upon the manufacture and sale of wines and beers, but I am 1\Ir. ALMON. 1\Ir. Chairman, sometime ago we passed through advised that without further legislation I have not the legal authority this House a bill repealing the daylight-saving law by an over to remove the present restrictions. I therefore recommend that the act approved November 21, 1018, entitled "An act to enable the Secre whelming majority, and sent it to the Senate. About that time tary of Agriculture to carry out, -during the fiscal year ending J'une 30, the Senate placed a rider on the Agricultural bill repealing the 1919, the purpose of the ac::t entitled 'An act to provide further for daylight-saving law, and it was agreed to by the conferees of the national security and defense by stimulating agriculture and facilitating the distribution of agricultural products,' and for other the two Houses. purposes,'' be amended or repealed in so far as it applies to wines and The President vetoed this bill because of the provision re beers. pealing the daylight-saving law. The \eto was sustained in the The petitions and prayers of the united farmers of the coun House for the reason that it did not receive a two-thirds YOtP. try must be disregarded while the President is fighting to save . I voted against the daylight-saving law at the last ses ion of the brewery and the saloon. Congress when it was passed. I voted at this ses. ion to repeal H I am aware that in the past the politicians have considered and also voted to pass it over the President's Yeto. The Presi the vote of the farmers of the country "not worth the powder." dent was within his rights when he vetoed the bill. 'Ve who They have all professed to be friends of the farmer except when voted to pass it over his veto were within our rights. it comes to legislation for his benefit. · They are ever ready The Agricultural appropriation bill which \'i'e pa sed through and willing to flatter the farmers in the press and on the stump the House is now in the Senate, and if passed by that body will ~rnd to "farm the farmer" as an easy mark for votes. But be approved by the President. The Senate could also repeal the tllat day has gone, and everywhere, in every State of the Union, daylight-saving law by adopting the bill which we pn ed in the farmers to-day are organizing for their mutual benefit. the House as a separate measure and it could go to the Pre ident They are forming societies, unions, and organizations to pro again in this way. But instead of having that course pursued tect the interests of the farm in matters of politics and legisla the Republican majority in the House, for the purpose no doubt tion. The farmer has determined to be no longer ridiculed and of trying to embarrass the President, has reported another Agri disregarded. His rights are as sacred as those of socialistic cultural bill with this rider, knowing that if it is passetl nnu organizations which inscribe upon their banners "No beer no sent to the White House again in the same form it will be Yetoed. work." They will be heard. The Members of this Congress It looks like small politics on the part of the Republican ma who voted to sustain the President in this disregard of the jority. The President was no doubt willing to assume the re rights of the farmers "'i.ll find at the next election that they sponsibility for the little delay caused by his veto, bot if this will be disregarded by the farmers of the Nation. Let us have bill i~ sent back to him again in the same form they will be re a · roll call and put on record those who ha\e not the courage to sponsible for the further delay in the passage of this appropl·ia stand by their own judgment and who refuse to keep faith with tion bill. The great Agricultural Department has been very the farmers of the Nation. much embarrassed since the 15th of this month on account of Mr. HAUGEN. 1\Ir. Chairman, I yield one minute to the gen this annual appropriation bill not having pas;sed. The thou tleman from Pennsylvania [1\Ir. 1\looRE]. sands of employees of this'department, I am told, are borrowing 1\fr. MOORE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I have asked money and paying 10 per cent interest because they could not be for this one minute in ordet· to present a city man's view with paid their last pay checks. regard to the question of daylight saving. We are in favor The repeal of the daylight-saving law would not take eft'ect of the flnylight-saving law as it now ~tands. Many of us voted if passed until next March, so there is plenty of time to consider to SUl1()0l't the Prf>~iclenl's 'Veto. I was one of those. This its passage. Under these circumstances it shoulu not have 1919. · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2845 ·been placed as a rider in this bill and should be stricken out appropriation bill, and only five or six \Otes were finally cast when the bill is reached for amendments, and I have no doubt against it. It came back here and was agreed to in conference. but that it will be. It was sent to the White House and vetoed, but without my I am as much in favor of the repeal of the daylight-saving advice. law as any Member of this House, but I am not in favor of de Are you gentlemen opposed to the repeal of the daylight-saving laying the passage of this appropriation bill carrying more than law, except by a rider on an appropriation bill? Those opposed $33,000,000 when it will in no way aid in the repeal of the day to the daylight-saving law have almost unlimited strength in light-saving law. Further delay in the passage of this bill will the other body, and can pass the bill that we passed; they may paralyze the activities of the Agricultural Department, and it be able to pass it by a two-thirds vote. But some gentlemen wilt be no. credit to Congress to send back this identical bill to in here are playing politics of an inconceivably small and the Presi In view of the sentiment shown in the House by the votes, The voter will hold you to your· campaign promises. He will t..lle hardship imposed by section 3 of the daylight-saving act, hold that "actions speak louder than words." With the :Presi especially upon the farmers, ·the incon-.enience and expense dent's veto and the record made here it will not do for any caused in general, the sentiment expressed in numerous resolu Democratic :Member to say to liis farmer constituent, who will tions, petitions, and communications addressed to Congress urg be compelled to light his lantern, or to stumble around tn the ing its repeal, a majority of the committee again recommended dark, in order to do his chores, milk his cows, swill his hogs, the repeal of section 3 of the daylight-saying act, which section and care for and hitch his team in time to· take his children proYides that the standard time of each zone shall be adYanced to school at 8 o'clock sun time instead of 9 o'clock, that he was one hour during the seYen summer months. This would not for the repeal but \Oted against it. affect the other sections of the act, which provide for the estab The farmer will not accept it. Nor will the employees in the lishment of standard time iilld zones and authorize the Inter dep.a.rtment, in the factory, in the mill, or on the railroads, nor state Commerce Commission to define such zon ·. In other the mothers and children who, in order to get their required rest words, it would simply repeal the daylight-s::rring prOTision and sleep, .are compelled to go to bed one hour earlier, which is of the act, and is identical with the amendment which 1 offered especially undesirable during the summer montils, when, oWing to the Agricultural appropriation bill and to the repeal passed to the intense heat, it is impossible for them to sleep the first by the House June 18 by a Yote of 232 to 122. hours of the night, and Vi·ho are thus deprived of an hour of In view of the abo\o l:, as chairman of the committee, re beneficial rest. Par nts and teachers report that a large number ported the .Agricultural appropriation bill, containing the repeal, of children ha>e failed this year in their studies, due largely to. and reque ted the Committee on Rules to report a rule making loss of sleep. All agree that refreshing sleep i invigorating to tile entire bill in order for immediate eunsideration so .as to both mind and body, and is as necessary and conducive to health expedite its pa.., age. The rule has been reported. The pretious and longevity a food. question has been ordered. Your opportunity is here: \Vill you If the act can not be repealed, the title of the act, in order vote for the J.'epeal or will you turn it do\\Il? Y<>u can not get to .comply with the chedule fix.ed ther-ein, should at least be away from it, gentlemen. You can not deceive the farmers; you : changed from "An act to saye daylight" t6 read "An act to cnn not deceive anybody by the statement that you were for compel the hou ewife to prepare the evening meal in the heat the repeal but voted against it. :of tile middle of the aftern<>on·; the suitor to court his sweet All sorts of excu e have been offered for voting against the heart in the daylight; the l.aborer, after his evening meaL to repeal of the so-called daylight-saving act, against tile pre·\ious sit on the porch in the heat of the summer and swat flies, question on the rule, and against the main que tion-the repeal go to bed while it i still light, roll around an hour · or two of the act. One excuse advanced by Democratic friends is that in the early part of the hot summer e\ening, and later be this side is playing politics. I assume that · every Member mil 'Called by the alarm cl-ock in the cool, refreshing hours of -rote his honest convictions in accord with the be t interest and the morning ; the farmer to stack and thrash his grain wet the desire of tho e whom he represents. The ,eontention is that with the morning dew-not to con erve or increase but to cur tlle people in the citie ru·e oppo ed to the re1)eal and the people tail production to increase the high cost of living, and to do in the country, especially the farmer , ru·e for the r.epea.l. If foolish and uncalled-for thing too numerous to mention." Why so, I take it that Members will vote on the que ·tion as they tw.· absurdity? If there is any advantage in advancing the l.la>e done heretofore. City 1\IembeJ.·s will \"Ote against tile clock, why not improve upon it by advancing it an hour or two repeal and Members representing agricultural districts will •ote more, so that, as suggested, we may eat our evening meai at for the repeaL What is the situation? The Republicans, the noon, and then have an opportunity to attend the ball gnme ancl majority, are re ·ponsible for legislation. The President >etoed ma-tinees? · the Agricultural appropriation bill because of the clause con Why deprive 100,000,000 people of sleep at the proper anu tained in the bill repealing the daylight-saving act. The de God-appointed time in order to give the golf player that extra partment is without legal authority to continue its activiti e-~ hour on the golf link · and accommodate a few who desire to Not one dollar can be legally expended outside of the permanent work on the earlier schedule? Everybody knows no legislation annual appropriations. l\Iany employees are without funds to is required to change their schedules. If a change is desired meet their obligations, without money to pay their rent. In by them, all that is necessary is for the employer and employee stead <>f making payments on bonds subscribed fOT they are to agree to make the change. being compelled to. dispose of them at a sacrifi<;e. E>e.J.:ybody What unpardonable sin have the people in the country com knows, every Democratic Member of this Hou e knows, that mitted that warrants the discrimination? Have they not done the plan suggested to reinsert the repeal in the Agricultural their part? "\Ve were at war. The world was short of food. appropriation bill is the only one that will expedite the passage The winhlng of the war depended upon food as much as ·upon of the bill. The proposition is not to obligate Ulybody to -.ote any other thing. Congre s found it necessary to fix the price for the repeal but to give every Member of this House· an of wheat at half the price the farmer would ha-.e received if opportunity to again -vote upon the question, not to vote for or the law of supply and demand had not been interfered with. against it but to -vote as he pleases. He gave his sons to the Army; his wife and daughtei·s took Now, a word as to the political phase of it. No reference as his sons' place in back of the plow. He bought bonds, he gaye to what took place in the committee is proper or in order~ but to the Red Cross and Young Men's Christian Association. In the -vote just taken upon the previous question on the rule to vru·iably his hired help quit work at the usual time by the clock, make the provision for the repeal of the daylight-saving act in which was an houT early as a result of this unjust and tiD· order was a test. This is, as before stated, under the rules of called-for law, and interfering with the law of nature on the the House, the only way in which a vote can be had upon the farm. proposition. The REcoRD will show the fact that e>ers- one of The act not only costs the farmer millions of dollars an tile 12 Republican members of the Agricultural Commlttee nually, but curtails prod11ction, and thus adds to the already voting voted for the prenous question, and that e'\oery one of high cost of living to millions of consumers. We have the 7 Democratic members voting voted .against it; thnt e>ery 6,000,000 farmers and 6,000,000 laborers employed on the ·farm. one of the 7 Republican members of the Rules Committee ,·ot One hour lost each morning, owing to the dew, to each of the ing >oted " aye," and that every one of the 4 Democratic mem 12,000,000 on the farm is equal to 12,000,000 hours, which is ber of that committee TOting voted "no." So here 'Je have, equivalent to 1,500,000 eight-hour days, and that, at a wage of at least, from the members of the two committees having juris $4 a day, amounts to $6,000,000 loss to those on the farm daily diction o>er the matter an expression us to whether the House at least for every day during the several weeks of haying, shall be gi>en an opportunity to vote upon the question. The har-.esting, and thrashing that this absurd law is in effect. In RECoRD will show a solid Republican vote for and a solid Demo addition, the farmer was compelled to pay millions of dollars erotic Yote against it. Judging by the vote .and by what has additional transportation charges. On the other hand, the mill taken place here to-day, it is safe to say that, possibly with one ers, the packers, the steel trust, and various other enterprises exception, every Democratic member of the two committees were put undei· Go>ernment control, either through the license voting will record his vote against the repeal provision, so if system or by Yoluntru·y arrangements. Many contend that the our Democratic friends raise the issue, if it is any consolation licensing system should be continued, especially as to the pack~rs or ad\antage to them, the RECORD will tell the story. ..As far and other big interest . Railroads were taken over and granted a s I am- concerned, I am satisfied to .stand by the REc Five meat packers, Armour, Swift, Morris, Wilson, and Cudahy, and to delay action, g1vrng as an excuse 'that the President has their subsidiaries and affiliated companies have monopolistic control vetoed -t and that you must DO"' t ake hi's OI'(l e r· as -t comes. of the meat industry and are reachmg for like domination in other 1 " ~ 1 products. Their manipulatioQs of the market embrace every device Mr. SEARS. Will the gentleman yield for a question? that is useful to them, without regard to law. Their reward, expressed Mr. HAUGEN. Certainly. in terms of profit, reveals that four of these concerns have pocketed in 1!H5, 1916, and 1917 $140,000,000. lUr. SEARS. As chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, On page 14 it states that "of this astounding figure $121,- having the responsibility upon you for this legislation, if the 000,000 repre ents excess over their pre,var profits." On page President should veto it again, then what would you do? 15, tanners are reported to have increased their profits from Mr. HAUGEN. I will continue to do my duty as I see it, to $644,390.90 in 1914 to • 3,576,544.27 in 1916. On page 14 it expedite the C·Jnsideration of this legislation. Much has been reports the profit made by Morris & Co. for the fiscal year said about the Committee on Rules. The Committee on Rules ending November 1, 1917, as 263.7 per cent on the $3,000,000 is responsible to the party for· legislation. In order that the capital stock outstanding. On page 9 the steel corporation is passage of the bill might be expedited and that every Member reported to have increased its profit of $46,520,407 in 1914 to of the House might be given an opportunity to vote upon this $478,204-,343 in 1917, or about 1,000 per cent. l\luch of these all-important question, the r eQeal of the so-called daylight· excess profits at the expense of the farmers, who were greatly saving law, as chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, I inconvenienced by this unjust law. requested a rule, and the rule is here. Every vote cast again t The farmer submitted to all of it. With lantern in hand he the rule on that side bas been a vote not only to delay the started out one hour early; his good wife and sweet appro•al of this act, when by the retarding of one hour the standard time is more important to conserYe money than to consene. ~ervous enel:'gy. This Republic is dependent upon the welfare of the nswg generatwn. <>f ach zone -shall be returned to 'and thereafter be the mean astronomical The children need the regular hours of leep. May you be ucce ful time of the 1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2849 Hou e I voted to adopt the conference report which contained this bill to supply the Department of Agriculture. [Applause.] the repeal pro\L ion. When the bill 'vas returned to the House, Congress passed the recent Agricultural bill in clue time. If having been vetoed by· the President, I voted to pass the bill over tne man who had the constitutional right to veto that bill had his veto. l\Iy later votes were in keeping with the large ma been on the ground, where he was expected to be, _in the dis· jority sentiment of my committee and in keeping with the action charge of official duties, that veto could have been here and of the conferees. In order to reach an agreem€nt with the Senate the whole tiling disposed of long ago. [Applause.] We are it was necessary for us to accept the amendment repealing the now called upon to consider this question anew. Two hundred daylight-saving law. But I believe, l\Ir. Chairman, that the and forty-eight Members of the House voted to override that matter should have rested there and that neither the Com veto and one hundred and thirty-five Members voted to sustain it. mittee on Agriculture nor the House itself should have given Count up the population according to the ratio of representation further attention to the matter. Some of the Members resent in this House. Where do you have the expression of judgment the President's action. I have differed frt:>m him in his method as to the comparative strength of the voting population of the of trying to influence legislation. I have at times resented his Nation in regard to the retention or repeal of the so-call€'d day interference because I believed that he was doing it improperly light-saving law. Fifty-two million people against it and only and in an unwarranted way. But respecting this matter, he has twenty-eight million for, according to the census of 1910. There proceeded entirely in keeping with the Constitution and has it stands, almost 2 to 1. been entirely within his right. After the vote was taken in the The farmers of the country are united in demanding the repeal House to pass the bill over his veto, and the effort to override of that law. No one on this floor, no one in a veto message, has the veto failed, my judgment was and is now that we should re yet pointed out any valid reason that will override the objec spect it, and that it was not becoming of us to reinsert this tions presented by the agricultural interests of the country with matter and throw it back in his face again. [Applause.] relation to this matter. I challenge you to study the whole I am led to that opinion also because of the condition in record of the debate, and put the volume of population that which the Department of Agriculture is and will find itself on voted by representatives in this House for the repeal · over ac('ount of the delay in the passage of the bill. Until this be against the population of the country that voted to sustain the • comes a law there is no provision carrying authority or money law. Some seem to think that there is no special inconvenience for any of the activities of the Department of Agriculture. for a farmer to be called out at 3 o'clock in the morning instead These activities are numerous and many of them are very im of 4, in the busiest time of the year, in order to make trains with portant, and because the bill failed to become law before the his· dairy products and in order 'to carry on the regular demands beginning of the new fiscal year many of them have been, and of farm life. · still are, suspended. Many have suggested in this debate that it is far more desir The department is very seriously embarrassed and will be able that a few men shall have the pleasure of an automobile more and more so as time goes on until this bill or some bill ride at the latter end of the day, while the farmer takes the shall be passed. This condition is very much to be regretted, inconvenience of an hour at each end of the day. and I should very much regret to see the House responsible l\fr. KINCHELOE. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? for continuing the trouble. As was said a few minutes ago 1\Ir. ANDRE"WS of Nebraska. I have not the time. It is by a gentleman speaking of this matter, many of the em absolutely impossible for us to place this so-called daylight . ployees of the department, unable to obtain their semimonthly saving law in keeping with the convenience and interests of the salaries on the 15th, were obliged to borrow money, and they find agricultural sections of the country. Men may think that by themselves seriou ly embarrassed and have suffered loss. This statute the Congress of the United States can change the nature unfortunate condition must not be permitted to continue, as I be of the rooster that crows at the stated time in the morning, but lieve it '\\ill be continued, if this repeal section is included in the when the rooster crows and looks at the clock and sees that he bill again sent to the President and again vetoed by him. Hav is an hour ahead of time, he says the clock is a liar, and that ing availed ourselves of the privilege the Constitution gives us the man who voted for that law was not quite so wise as the of trying to pass it over the veto, and having failed, in my judg rooster himself. You enacted it as a war measure and promised ment it is not becoming in us again now, without any change that you would repeal it at the close of the war. That assurance whatever of facts or circumstances respecting the matter, to try was given here and also at the White House. to oass the bill in the same form. [Applause.] Will you now turn your backs upon that pledge and repudi Another thing that moved me to oppose the inclusion of this ate that promise? paragraph is that this House in an orderly way a few weeks There is no doubt as to the serious inconvenience to the agri ago passed what is known as the Esch bill, which repeals sec cultural interests of the country. Will you stand against them? tion 3 of the daylight-saving law, or will repeal it if it shall Will you stand against the united judgment of the farmers of become a law. That is the section that provides for the turning the Nation and say that this so-called daylight-saving law shall back and the turning forward of the clocks. That is the section be perpetuated? Have we not a Q.ght to reconsider and send it and the operation under it that it is said is so much objected back to the President with a request that he likewise recon to by the farmers of the country. That bill is now in the Senate. sider rather than stand against the interests of the farmers of It can be taken up and passed at any time in short order. In the Nation? I think we should do so. 15 minutes, if the Senate will give consideration to the bill, it The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Nebraska can be passed and will go to the President. That is the orderly has expired. way for Congress tD proceed. This section we are now con 1\Ir. GREEN of Iowa rose. sidering is a "rider" on an appropriation bill, always an ob The CHA~Rl\IAN. For what purpose does the gentleman jectionable feature in legislation, something that we inveigh rise? against, something that the 'country disapproves. This ought l\fr. GREEN of Iowa. To speak to the amendment. not to be the manner of attempting to deal with so important a The CHAIRMAN. Debate on the amendment offered by the matter. In my judgment we would be moving with decent re gentleman from Pennsylvania is exhausted. spect for the opinion of the country, with proper consideration 1\Ir. GREEN of Iowa. l\1r. Chairman, I move to strike out for the Department of Agriculture, and with proper respect for the last word of the amendment of the gentleman from Penn- the President of the United States if we should eliminate this sylvania. 1 section. [Applause.] There is a decent and orderly way to I agree with the gentleman from Nebraska [l\1r. ANDREWS] proceed ; let us take that way. There is a becoming way to that the President had the right to veto this provision which is treat and to do business with the Executive, widely as we may under consideration, but there are many things which the ordi differ from him; let us pursue that way. nary citizen and which even the President of the United States The responsibility for delay and for the unfortunate condi has a right to do that he ought not to do under the circum tion in the department thus far is upon · the President. He is stances, and this is one of them. [Applause.] If there is any evidently willing to assume it. If further delay shall occur privilege, if there is any right, that the ordinary citizen of the and I feel sure it will, a serious delay-the responsibility will United States has it is to say what time he shall get up in the be on us, and I for one am not willing to assume it; and I trust morning. He knows best when he ought to commence his duties. that the amendment of the gentleman from Pennsylvania will The President of the United States, no matter how great his be adopted. [Applause.] knowledge, how great his skill, no matter how much informa Mr. ANDREWS of Nebraska. 1\lr. Chairman, I rise to speak tion he may have acquired over in Europe on this subject, can in opposition to this amendment. No one can doubt the right not give him any.information on that line. of the President to exercise his judgment in vetoing the recent The representatives of the people, the men who know the Agricultural bill. I take issue squarely, however, with the gen opinion of the people of the country, the men who know what tleman from l\fichigan [1\Ir. McLAuGHLIN], who says that if we the people want, by an overwhelming majority have said that include this in the bill under consideration and another veto the people of these United States want this law repealed. The should follow, the responsibility ·will rest upon us. It will rest demand come from the farmer, from the laborer; and who are wh~re the responsibility now rests for delay in the passage of opposed to that demand? The golf player and the joy rider._ • 2850 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. JULY 18, Tho e are tile principal parties who are opposed to the repeal while I voted to override the President's veto, yet I uo not pro· of this law. pose by my vote now to let go unenacted this great Agricultural l\le. GOLDFOGLE. l\1r. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? appropriation bill. As said by the f;entleman from Michigan l\Ir. GREEN of Iowa. I am unable to yield. I have only five ·[Mr. l\IcLAuGHLIN], the Senate can pa s the H ouse bill over minutes. Every man in this Honse who has worked on a farm there in 15 minutes. So it is a question with us as Members and there are many of .them, including myself-knows that the of this House that by voting against the motion of the gentle farmer can not prop~rl. carry on his werk under such regula man from Pennsylvania-and I am as much for the repeal of tions that this present law imposes. He knows that this is a the daylight-saving law as any of you-we are voting to hold matter of justice to the farmer; it is a mere matter of pleasure up this great Agricultural appropriation bill which will paralyze and convenience to those wl10 are opposed to it. The farmer's the great agricultural activities of this country .simply to play hours are long at best, his work hard and toilsome. For· a long a petty game of politics and undertake to play the President off time conditions of work have been so much easier in the cities the boards. You will find yourselves badly mistaken in that that there is a constant drift toward them, a tide that ought to proposition. be turned, if pos ible. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. The laborer, too, realizes, that this new time is no benefit to l\fr. HAUGEN. l\fr. Chairman, if I may have the attention him. He loses the cool early morning hour for sleep. · He cau of the gentleman from Arkansas [l\lr. WINGo], the gentleman get no more done and is not so comfortable. The merchants of made a statement a few minutes ago that he had been deceived the small town almo t unanimously voted the new time to be a by the chairman of the committee. I desire to call his attention nuisance. to the fact he has not been deceived. First, I call his attention ·That is the situation here, but they tell us if we submit to the to the report made by the conferees, and if he will turn to veto of the President eYerything will go on nicely with the De page 1 he will find this language ; partment of Agriculture. Why is it that the employees of the Th~t the House recede from its disagreement to Senate amendment Department of Agriculture are not getting their pay? It is not numbered 10, and agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In because of this House-this House voted their pay long ago lieu of the sum proposed by the Senate amendment insert "$327,680" ; but because the President stubbornly, ill-advised, uninformed, and the Senate agre~ to the same. insisted on oppo ing the wishes of the people, and determined If he will turn to page 17 of the bill, he will find that the that these employees should not receive their pay. Of course, amount is increased from $307,680 to $327,680; that $20,000 was we could always give up our rights. Congress can surrender added to the appropriation for the investigation. If the gentle any right that it has and submit to one-man rule, but the Presi man is not satisfied, I refer him to the gentleman from South dent of the United States has no more right to demand that of Carolina [Mr. LEvER], who is satisfied and had this matter in us than we have now to insist that this question shall again be charge. put up to him for his decision. We hope by this time that he has remained in this country long enough to be better informt>rl l\Ir. HAUGEN. l\fr. Chairman, this question has been dis cussed at various times and passed on by the House. It is get ~1pon the situation. [Applause.] l\lr. PLATT, l\fr. HAUGEN, and l\lr. KINCHELOE rose. ting pretty late. Is it not possible that we can reach some agree l\lr. PLATT. 1\lr. Chairman, I rise to oppose the amendment ment as to the conclusion of the debate? I move that all debate offered by the gentleman from Iowa. The gentleman from IowcL on this question close in 20 minutes. moved to strike out the last word. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Iowa moves to close 1\Ir. KINCHELOE. l\fr. Chairman, I move to strike out the debate in 20 minutes. la ·t two words. The motion was agreed to. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Kentucky is recog- Mr. GARLAND. Mr. Chairman, I want to speak for the nized to strike out the last two words. amendment. l\lr. PLATT. Mr. Chairman, a parliamentary inquiry. l\Ir. HAUGEN. l\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it. the time be controlled by the gentleman from South Carolina l\lr. KINCHELOE. I hope this will not be taken out of my and myself, to be equally divided. time. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Iowa asks unanimous The CHAIRMAN. It will not be. consent that the time be equally divided by the IYe ntleman from l\Ir. PLATT. l\lr. Chairman, have not I the right to recogni South Carolina [1\lr. LEVER] and himself. Is there objection? tion in opposition to the amendment before a new amendment is [After a pause.] The Chau· hears none. offered by a gentleman? 1\lr. LEVER. Mr. Chairman, I yield three minutes to the gen The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Kentucky, the Chait· tleman from New York [Mr. DoNOVAN]. understands, is in opposition to the amendment. Mr. DONOVAN. l\lr. Chairman and gentlemen of the com l\lt·. KINCHELOE. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the com mittee, in my opinion the whole gamut and range of discussion mittee, I think tilere has be~ n more inconsistency indulged in on the daylight-saving law has been exhausted, and yet it ap by the Republican side of this House on this amendment to-day pears to me most unfortunate that there has been an element than any I have ever heard since I have been here. As far as I engenq.ered in the debate which really is something that we do am concerned, I voted against the enactment of the daylight not desire to be said of ourselves. Reference has been made to saYing law originally in war time, I voted for the repeal of the the why and wherefore of the President in vetoing the Agri daylight saving, I voted to oyerride the veto of the President, cultural bill; the psychology of his mind has been gone into, and and I am still for the repeal of the daylight-saving law. But yet we are jealous of a great prerogative which is ours, namely, here is the situation: You who say that you are consistently not to be questioned on or reprimanded for any vote or attitude in fa,or of the repeal of the daylight-saving law have voted we may take in this great lawmaking body in regard to the on that in a separate bill that was brought here from the Com enactment of legislation. Without going further to cite in stances, it seems to me that this procedure is a great mistake. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce for its repeal. ' It pa sed this House on the 18th Since the beginning of the debate- I observed in the RECORD o.f · And now, gentlemen, is it· unwise for yo·u, or is it unwi e for the 15th instant a communication from the MassaChusetts us, :to say to the !President, " You were mistaken when your Tuberculosis League to Senator DAVID I. W-ALsH, of that State, 1 ·advisei·s told -you that the overwhelming sentiment of this coun· ~elating to this subject, which strongly appeals to me. If the:ve try was against ifuis-cr•epeal. You have had time now to know is a reason of superlative import that appeals to all genuine better. We are giving you this information. We put this up and humane Americans for the retention of tbis beneficent 'law., . to you now -again, ;respectfully, 'for your consideration. The it is the reason .given in this communication, which is as follows. · overwhelming testimony is for lts repeal." There is no politics 'MASSACHUSETTS TUBERC'ULOSIS LEAGUE, I iin that, gentlemen. · Boston, June SO, 191JJ • T.he CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Iowa . Senator DATlD I. WALSH, Dnitea States Senate, Washington, D. 0. bas expired. MY DEAn SIR: This letter is written on behalf of the executive · l\1-r. LEVER. ~lr. Chairman, I ·will yield three minutes to committee of the Massachusetts Tuberculosis League for the purpose of -the gentleman from Tennessee [.Mr. SIMS]. urging you to use your influence to secure the veto of the .repeal of The OHAIRMAN. The gentleman from 'Tennessee is recog· the daylight-saving law, which is now in .the 'hands of the President. , nized for three minutes. At its meeting on June 27 the committee unanimously adopted the 1 following resolution : l\1r. SIMS. Now, gentlemen of the Bon e, :r hope to nave " Whereas the Massachusetts Tuberculosis League has always advo- ~ your attention, -especially on this side. cated the use of a maximum amount of sunlight and fresh air as 1\lr. DONOVAN. 1\Ir. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to a means of prevention and cure of tubercnlosis ; and "Whereas the said league considers the present daylight-saving law revise ana ·extend my remarks in the RECORD. an nid in preserving the general :health of fhe countr,v, ana in The CHAIRl\fAN. Is there objection to the gentleman's re particular a great help in the .prevention of tuberculosis: There- quest? fore be it · There was no objection. «Resolved, That the Massachusetts Tuberculosis League -vieWB 'With concern the _present effort to do mvay with the daylight-saving law, Mr. .A11t.TDREWS of NebraSka. Mr. Chairman, I make the and hereby urges the President to veto the vepealer now in ·bis :hands. same I'equest. "VDiCENl' Y. BOWDITCH, l\L D., 'The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to 'the gentleman's re "EDW.A'RD 0. OTIS, hl. .D., quest? " ROOEB I. LEE, M. D., " DO~ALD B . .ARMSTRONG, 1\L D., There was no objection. ... 'V.A.NDERPOEL AD'RLU.... c-E, M. D., Mr. ALMON. 1\lr. Chairman, 1 make the same request. " GEORGE L. 'S.CHADT, M. D., The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the -request of the "Miss LOUISA P. LORING, "Executive Otnn.mittee.'' -gentleman from Alabama? Earnestly hoping that you will take any action which may seem to 'There was no objection. you to be possible and expedient under the circumstances, I am, :Mr. SThiS. Now, gentlemen, let us take a practical, common Respectfully, yours, sense view ·of this matter. This rule in its nature is Tevolu R. v. SPE:\'CER, Executive Secretary. tionm.:y. It lis assuming that the President was not well in formed or w.as not sincere in his v-etc to now bring in t he Gentlemen, if we wish to get an .ascertainment of .a .genuine, identical legislation, in effect if not in -words, and put it up earnest reason for the retention of the daylight-saving law on to him again. the statute books, I know of no sb·onger advocacy, I know of no Let us see what we are going up against. Suppose we pass sb·onger or more potent reason, that transcends all the slush, this appropriation bill with this rider in it and the President all the hypoc1isy, and all the insincerity that has been advanced v-etoes it, and the veto is again sustained. Then there is just in argument by the opposition in behalf of the farmers, than to as much common sense and just as much practical sense and give more opportunity .for the enjoyment of daylight and sun just a much reason in bringing in another bill and having shine and the hope of aspiration and restoration to health and a rider on U -as thel'e is to Jla-ve it on this bill. energy to those stricken with the insidious germs of the deyour I dic1 not dream that the gentleman from Penn ylvania [l\Ir. ing white plague. [Applause.] 1\IooRE] or anyone else on that side was going to offer 'Lhe MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. amendment that he did. This amendment solves the -whole The committee informally rose; and l\1r. FEss having taken p:ob:em. s If thi~ amen<;Iment is agreed to, the appropriation tile chair as Speaker pro tempore, a message from the Senate, ! bill ~ 'P~S ed 0~ Its J?lents. . _ . . . . . by 1\fr. Dudley, one of its clerks, announced that tlw Senate llad I ~ s ~e~eal r:der IS ? 0~ m support of any IJ! _Oviswn rn the passed without amendment the bill H. R. 7343, the sundry civ11 · appropnai;i~n bill. This lS not the ~t day. 01 ~e l.ast week appropriation bill I of an expu·mg Congress, and the law Itself m this rider does · not take effect until the last Sunday in October, so that there AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATIO-x BILL. I is no en:ergen?y about -tt:is ma~;er, not ~ particle. 'Vhy should The committee resumed its session. I ~on pursue a eour~e which rmbht -r:ever e:nd, because y~u ,can Mr. HAUGEN. Mr. Chairman, I yield three minutes to the ! Tepe:;tt the same thing ;IT~ now until the 1st o.f January· . The gentleman from Iowa [:Mr. TowNER]. 1 President ·<;illl :reto this bill. Under our parhamfntary ng~1ts The CHAIRl\IAl'T. The gentleman from Iowa is recognized : we can brmg In a new I~le tO. cover :tJte. same old ~e tion for three minutes. ! over? and over. Why do ~ ou "ant to lllVJ,te such ·a thmg as l\Ir. TOWNER. 1\Ir. Chairman, the statement is repeatedly I that· . · . . . made by our good friends on this side of-the House that the . The I?ea of gentlemen tel}.lllg J?e o.f the President be~g now Republicans are playing -politics in again putting 'before the :1ghtly informed and changmg hiS mmd ! I -wa,n! to a~ : ~ow President this question. 1 m the world do you ~now? Ha:e you been talklng w1th him 1 Now, gentlemen, let us see whether or not that is a justi- I Hav.e you had anything from hrm that_ warr!lnts ·such a con fiable accusation. The President, when he vetoed this message, cluswn '} If so, he will not ve~o _the other~ b1ll -passed by the had returned from Europe only a very few days. He could not House m the proper way when :tIS passed m the .senate. No; hav-e ascertained with any degree of certainty the sentiment of the ~entlem~n from Io-wa. [M~. Tow:r-'ER]_ -proclarms that ~~ the people of this country. And yet, gentlemen, listen to what P.res1dent w1ll not veto this b1ll. ~f he 1s correct. as to this he says. In ciosino- the veto messa"'e the President :used this lJill, we can Test assm·ed that he w1ll not veto fue other. So language: b b you are driven into a hole and are playing small politics in a small way. I do not mean to say that you have not the right It, moreover, served the daily con-venience of many communities of the country in a way which gave all but universal satisfaction. to do it, but this farce, can and will continue just as long us the bill is passed, vetoed, and returned. [Appla-use.] Is any gentleman on this floor able to say that the President The ·cHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Ten knew the truth when he claimed that this law was giving "all nessee has expired. but universal satisfaction "? Let us see what he further said. Mr. HAUGEN. 1\ir. -Chairman, I yield two minutes to the I read: gentleman from North Carolina [1\lr. [)ouGHTON]. And the overwhelming testimony of its value- The CHAffil\1AN.• The ·gentleman from North Carolina is That is, of the daylight-saving law- recognized for two minutes. . The overwhelming testimony .of its value which has come to me l\'lr. UOUGHTON. 1\Ir. Chairman a:nd gentlemen of -the com- convinces me that I should not be justified in acquiescing in its repeal. mittee, I am .earnestly 'in favor of the Tepeal of the daylight- The overwhelming testimony that was given to the President saving law. l voted for its repeal wnen it was nnder-consH:lera was all one way, and the President was grossly and egregiously tion sometime ago, and I also voted to J)ass the bill ·to repeal tllis deceived. That is the fact in regard to the Illit'tter. There i.s law ·aver the President's '\·eto. not any question about what the people of tne United States I ·a:m always glad to follow the leadership of the President think about it. Instead of the overwhelming testimony being when I can do so ·and at the same time follow the light of my opposed to the repeal of this law, it is the other way. 1own convictions and the wishes of my constituents ; but when 2852 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 18, ·tllis can be uone only by stifling my convictions and running toward the workingmen, I would under no circumstances vote counter to the expressed desires of the people whom I have the for the repeal if such action could possibly work them injury. honor to represent, then I prefer to follow them rather than the While they can be subjected to no loss or inconvenience, the re President of the United States [applause], though I have great peal of the law will be of inestimable value to the farmer, who 1-:espect and admiration for him. should be encouraged to produce more rather than less, and to _ In rpy opinion the people of t"Qe United States are extremely second the force of this argument I need but call attention to the de irous of getting back to normal col!di~ions and getting away high prices prevailing for food, which, to bring down to normal, from the irritating, disturbing, and vexatious conditions that every possible expedient should be employed. [Applause.] were made necessary in order to win the war. They submitted [pr. Griffith's letter.] to these war-time regulations patiently and uncomplainingly LEWI~TOWN, PA., July 11, 1919. while necessary, but now that the war is over they are tired of Hon. B. K. FocHT, such regulations and their patience is becoming rapidly ex:- Washington, D. a. . tl t · d I h h d nu MY DEAn Sm: The attached clipping from our daily paper is not my l 1aust e d · Srnce 1e ve o message was receive ave a - understanding of the sentiment in this locality. The sooner you get merous letters and petitions from the people of my district the absurd law repealed the better. _urging that I do all in my power to bring_about the repeal of Cordially, yours, this law, and I feel that I should be derelict in my duty and not - J. B. GniFFITH. responsive to the sentiment of my constituents if I did not, even I The clipping to which the above letter refers is as follows: in the face of the President's veto, do all in my power to stand [From the Lewistown Sentinel.] . by and reflect the views, sentiments, and desires of the people of .congressman F~cht is .de~irous of reflecting the se~timent of h_is di~- my district [Applause.} tnct, but I doubt }f he du~ It when he voted to o~e~nde the Pres1de_nt s · . . . vet porate below. Le~vistown i::; the. center of great manufacturing priation bill. establishments, and, folJo\ving the course I have always pursued The motion was agreed to. l - ,/ ·1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-.HOUSE. 2853 Accordingly the House resolved itself into Cornri1ittee of the that that committee had had under consideration the bill H. R. Whole House on the state of the Union, with 1\fr. CAMPBELL of 7413, the Agricultural appropriation bill, and had directed him Ktrnsns in the chair. to report the same back with an amendment, with the recom 1\fr. l\lcLAUGHLIN of l\lichigan \ras given leave to extend his mendation that the amendment be agreed to, and that the bill remarks in the RECORD. as amended do pass. l\1r. LEVER Mr. Chairman. [Applause; Members rising.] ',!:he SPEAKER. Under the rule which the House has adopted l\1r. Chairman and gentlemen, I would .be.without the semblance the previous question is ordered on the bill and amendment to of feeling if my heart did not overflow at the beautiful non final passage. The first question is on agreeing to the amenument. partisan reception you have just tendered me. It is all unex l\f.r. HAUGEN. l\fr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas pected, for I rose 'vith the intention of demonstrating beyond and nays. permlventure the awfulness of those who sit to my left. It is The yeas and nays were ordered. like!: that this is the last time that I shall ever address the mem The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call the roll. bership of the House of Representatives. The position to which Mr. CARTER. l\fr. Speaker, a parliamentary inquiry. I go was tendered to me, and I go to it untrammeled by any The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman rise? iliought save that of the best interests of the country. I have l\fr. CARTER. To ascertain what is before the House. served· in this body for nearly 18 years, and yet I am a com The SPEAKER. The Chair stated explicitly that the amend paratively young man. I felicitate myself that I am a more or ment is before the House, the only one adopted. The Clerk will less close observer and a good judge of men, and I wanf to call the roll. say that tJ;lere has never beep gathered together on the face The question was taken ; and there were-yeas 203, nays 171, of the earth a body of men who more nearly represented the not voting 56, as follo\rs : Christian and patriotic character and courage of their people, YEAS-!W3. such as the people of the United States, as now. faces me. Ackerman Dyer Larsen Pou [Applause.] There is more ability brought together here than Alexander Eagan Lehlbach Radcliffe Almon Edmonds Lesher Rainey, J. W. in any similar body that assembles on the face of the earth. ~..swell Elston Lever Raker [Applause.] I believe there is more patriotism. [Applause.] Babka Evans, Mont. Linthicum Ramse.v It seems to me during my many years of service that while Bacharach Fields Lonergan Randall, Calif. Bankhead · Fisher Longworth Hayburn we have our political differences and our fun and our frolics, Barkley Fitzgerald Luce Rebet· \Yhen \le reach a period of seriotlsness the one thought is the Bee lnood Lufkin Robinson, N. C. best interest of those we serve. [Applause.] There is not a Benson Fordney McAndrews Rogers Black French McArthur Romjue man in this body to-~ay that I would not trust to the very Blackmon Fuller, Mass. McDuffie Uose limit, even to the keeping of the honor of my family and of my Bland, Mo. McKiniry Rubey home. . [Applause.] As I leave you soon, I want everyone of Bland, Va. 8!llr;~rir McLane Rucker Booher Gandy IcLaughlin, Mich. Sanders, La. you to know that I shall carry with me the profoundest respect Box Ganly Macerate Sanford nnu admiration for you as a body and an affectionate and tender Briggs Gard MacGregor Scott regard for every Member of you personally. [Applause.] Brinson Garland Madden Sears Britten Garner Ma~ee Sherwood l\lr. HAUGEN. Mr. Chairman, I need not say that it is with Browning Garrett MaJOr Siegel nni\ersal regret to every Member in this House that the dis Brumbaugh Glynn Mansfield Sims tinguished Member from South Carolina [l\.fr. LEVER] is to Buchanan Godwin, N. C. Mapes Smith, Mich. Burdick Small Strong, Kans. .Tincher White, Kans. REPORTS. OF COl\.1.1\fTTTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND Smith, Idaho. Strong, Pa. "Towner Williams Smith, ill. .sweet _ Vesta1 Wi e RESOLUTIONS. Smithwick Taylor, Colo. Voigt . ·wood,.Ind. Snell Taylor, Tenn. Volstead Woodyard Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bips and resolutions were Snyder '.fhomas Ward Wright - severa11y reported from .committees, delivered to the Clerk, and Steagall Thompson, Ohio WaEon :Yates referred to the Committee of the Whole House, as follows : Stedman Thompson, Okla. Watson, :Pa. :Yonng,N. Dak. Mr. ·EDMONDS, from the .committee on 'Claims, to which was Steenerson Tillman Watson, Va. Zihlman Stephens, Miss. TimberJake Wheeler referred the bill ( S. 1377) for 1the relief of Amherst W. Barber·, reportea the same without amendment, accoJ:III)anied by a repoi;t NOT VOTING-56. (No. 125), which said 'bill and report were referred to the' Ashbrook Gould Lea, Calif. Rouse Private Calendar. · Bland, Ind. Greene, Vt. Lee, Ga. Rowan Browne Griest McClintic Rowe 1\Ir. llicCRA~E. from the Committee on Claimst to which was Cleary Hamill 1\IcGlennon Sa bath refeTred the bill (H. R. 946) for the re1ief of James A. Showen, Costello Hamilton 1\Iaher SchaU reported the same without·amendment, accompanied by a report Dewalt . Hicks Mann Scully Dickinson, Mo. Hull, Tenn. 1\Iason Slemp (Ko. 126), which said bill and report were referred to the Dooling Ireland 1\Ioore, 'Va. Smith,N. Y. Private Calendar. Eagle .Johnson, .Ky. Neely Stiness Mr. LITTLE, from the Committ-ee on Claims, to which was Echols Kelley, Mich. O'Connor Sullivan Fairfield Kettner Porter Summers, Wash. referred the blll (H. R. 644) for the relief of Oscar Smith, re Ferris Kiess Purnell Tilson ported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report Freeman King . .Reed, W. Va. Vare (No. 127), which said bill and report were referred to the Pri- _ Goodall Kreider Riordan Walters vate Calendar. So the amendment was agreed to. 1\lr. lHAcCRATE, from the Committee on Olaims, to w.hich was The Clerk announced the following pairs : referred the bill (H. R . 909) for the relief of Ellen Agnes On the vote: Monogue, reported the same without amendment, accompanied Mr. V ARE (for) with 1\Ir. KI G (against).· by ·a report (No. 1.28), which said bill and rep01:t were referred Mr. McGLENNON (for) with Mr. IRELAND (against). to ihe Private Calendar. Mr. RowE (for) with l\Ir. LEE of Georgia (against). :r,rr. STEENERSON, ·from the Committee on the Post Office and Mr. ScULLY (for) with l\Ir. McCLINTIC (against). Post-Roads, to which was referred the bill (H. R. 7138) granting Until further ·notice : . a franking privilege to Edith Carow Roosevelt, reported the l\Ir. CosTELLO with Mr. LEA of California. same without amendment, accompanied .bY .a report (ITo. 129), l\Ir. WALTERS with l\Ir.'l\IARER. which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. l\lr. GoULD with Mr. SAB.ATH. l\Ir. GREE.r-.TE of Massachusetts, from the ·Committee on the l\fr. KELLEY of Michigan with l\Ir. HAMILL. l\Ierchant l\Iarine and FiSheries, to which was referred the bill Mr. HAMILTON with Mr. .MoORE of Virginia. (H. R. 6857) to authorize the•change of the nanie of the steameL' 1\lr. GRIEST with Mr. DICKINSON of Missouri. 'Cha1·1otte Graveraet Breitung toT. K . Maher, reported the same 1\lr. TILSON with Mr. FERRIS. without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 1.30), which Mr. PUR ELL 'With Mr. O'CoNNOR. said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. BL.U.l> of 1ndiana with l\1r. CLEARY. Mr. VARE with Mr. RowAN. Mr. Kmss with l\Ir. DEWALT. PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, .A..."N"D MEMORIALS. The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. Under clau e 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolut1ons, and memorials The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read the third time, were introduced and severally Teferred. as follows: \las rea.d the third time, and passed. By 1\lr. GODWIN of No:rth Carolina : A bill (H. R. 7536) do On motion of Mr. H.auGEN, a motion -to reconsider the vote by nating a captured German cannon or field gun-with carriage and which the bill was passed \las 1aid on the table. projectiles to the town of Duke, Harnett County, N. C., for decorative and patriotic purposes; to the Committee on l\fiHtary CORRECTION OF A .,REFERENCE. .. A.ffairs. The SPEAKER. The Chair-would like to ask unanimous con- ·I By l\fr. WILSON of Pennsylvania: A bill (H. n. 7537) au sent of the· House to ~·econsider _a reference which was made a 'I thorizing the Secretary of War to deliver to the town of Webster, few minutes ago, and refer that part of the President's message 'j Pa., one cannon or :fieldpiece captured in the war with Germany, :which refers to the Army· to the Committee on Military Affairs, . together with a suitable number of shells; to the Committee on and that part which refers to the Navy to the Committee on I Military Affairs. - Naval Affairs. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Ohair I By Mr. PETERS: .A bill (H. R. '7538) authoTizing the Secre- hears none. tary of War to donate to the city of Belfast, Me., two machines EXTENSION oF REMARKS. 1 guns; to the Committee on 1\Iilitary Affair . , . r r ~ . . . I By l\fr. BLAND of lndiana : A bill (H: R. 7539) to provide for MI. ,J?H~ W. RAINEY. ~r. Spe~ker, I as~ unammous con- , monthly payment of pensions, and .for other purposes; to the sen~ to reviSe and extend rr:Y re~ar:ks on the b~ll. I Committee on Invalid Pensions. · 'I~e SP~AKER. Is there ·ObJectwn? [After a pause.] The By Mr. WEBB: A·hill (H. H.. 7540) to provide for the erection 1 Chal~ hears none. . _ . , _ . · of a public 'building at -Lincolnton, N. C.; to the ·Committee on MI. YATES. l\11. S~eaker, I make .the same 1equest. Public 'Builatngs and Grounds. · · l\f~. WI~GO.1 I make By l\Ir; BROOKS of Pennsyh·ania.: A bill (H. R. 7547) to By Mr. SELLS: A bill (H.-R. 7577) granting an increase of provi 2856 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 19, Al o, petition of the Washington Central Labor Union, urging The SPEAKER. The Doorkeeper will close the doors, the defeat of the Good amendment to Nolan minimum-wage bill; to Sergeant at A1'ms will notify the absentees, and the Clerk will the Committee on Ways and Means. call the roll. Also, petition of the advisory board, Philadelphia and Cam The roll was called, and the following l\Iembers failed to an· den Federation of Pennsylvania Lines, urging what is known swer to their names: a s the Plum plan of ownership and operation of raih·oads, and Ackerman Echols Kreider Riddick Andrews, .Md. Edmonds Layton Riordan until enacted for Government control; to the Committee on Anthony Elston Lee, Ga. Rouse· Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Ashbrook Fairfield Linthicum Rowan AI o, petition of the Self-Determination League of Liberty, Bacharach Freeman McClintic Rowe Benham Garland McGlennon Sanders, N.Y. New York City, advocating drastic restriction and regulation Benson Goodall McKenzie Schall of all spirituous liquors and Federal law preventing the manu Brinson Gould McKinley Scully facture of adulterated and impure liquors of all kinds; to the Brooks, Pa. Greene, Vt. Macerate Slemp Browne Griest MacGregor Smith, N. Y. Committee on the Judiciary. Browning Hamill Maher Stephens, Ohio By 1\Ir. SIEGEL: Petition of the Wyandot Club, of New York Burke Hamilton Mann Stiness City, asking for self-determination for Ireland; to the Com~ CaldweH Hicks Mason Sullivan Campbell, Pa. IIoughton Merritt Summers, Wash. mittee on Foreign Affairs. Carew Ireland Murphy Tilson Cleary Johnston, N.Y. Neely Vare Costello Kearns Nicholls, S. C. Walters Dale Kelley, Mich. Platt Ward Dewalt Kelly, Pa. Porter Watson, Pa. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Dooling Kettner Purnell Wilson, Ill. Dupre Kiess Radcliffe Yates SATURDAY, July 19, 1919. Eagan King Randall, Calif. Young, N.Dak. Ea,gle Krau Reavis Zihlman The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offered the The SPEAKER. Three hundred and thirty-eight Members following prayer : have answered to their names, a quorum. With renewed faith and confidence, 0 God, our Hea-renly l\Ir. CRISP. 1\Ir. Speaker, I move to suspend further proceed Father, in the overruling and inward ruling of Thy providence, ings under the call. help these, Thy servants, with true devotion to duty, to go for 1\fr. GOOD. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend _further proceed ward with the business of the hour, assured that if they are ings lmder the call. true to themselves as light is given them all will be well; for The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa moves that ft}r Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory forever. ther proceedings under the call be suspended. The question is Amen. on agreeing to tl:at motion. The Journal-of the proceedings of yesterday was read and The motion was agreed to. approved. LEAVE TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE. LEAVES OF .ABSENCE. l\lr. GOOD. 1\fr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that I may; By unanimous consent, leaves of absence were granted as make a statement, not to exceed five minutes in length. follows: I1 The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa asks unanimous To 1\Ir. LEE of Georgia, for two days, on account of illness. consent to proceed for five minutes. Is there objection? To 1\fr. KRAus, for two days, on account of important business. 1\Ir. WINGO. What about? 1\ir. GOOD. I wanted to get unanimous consent in order to WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERs. bring up a resolution to make the appropriations tllat have been 1\lr. BRINSON, by unanimous consent, was granted leave to approved since July 1 available from July 1. They are not witl;ldraw from the files of the House, without leaving copies, retroactive. It will take but a few minutes. the papers in the case of Thomas E. Delvin, no adverse report Mr. WINGO. It is a matter of public business? having been made thereon. 1\Ir. GOOD. Yes. l\lr. IGoE, by unanimous consent, was granted leave to with- l\Ir. CURRIE of Michigan. Reserving the right to object, draw from the files of the House, without leaving copies, papers Mr. Speaker, I have just learned that the Senate is not in session in the cases of Esther C. Vernell, Sixty-fifth Congress, and to-day, and therefore no action that the House mig~t take Edward Flannagan, Sixty-fourth Congress, no adverse reports to-day would become effective. I therefore feel ophge