平安神 Mao Zedong As a Deity
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CMS in China Should Be Dated Back to 1801 During the Treaty of Nanjiang (Formerly Known As Nanking)
MISSION IN CHINA A History of the Church Mission Society by P. K. Tang A Review of CMS History in China (1810-1942) : Its Success and Failure The earliest record of CMS in China should be dated back to 1801 during the Treaty of Nanjiang (formerly known as Nanking). Under the Treaty, China had to open its ports of Shanghai, Ningbo (formerly Ningpo), Guangzhou (formerly Canton), Amoy and Hong Kong on the eastern coast for trade. This gave opportunity for Mission to China. Eventually, Church Missionary Society (CMS) along with many other mission bodies started to build their churches and hospitals in 1844. Bishop George Smith and T.M. McClatchie were the first CMS missionaries sent to China, based in Shanghai in 1844.1 Over the years, CMS had been mainly focused on the mission of health and education, both the needy part of China at that time. The first education project was started in Ningpo in 1847, followed by a medical project in Fujian (formerly Fukien) in 1849. It was a sort of pioneer project for CMS during that time as CMS used to send the clergymen for ministerial mission instead of sending 'laity' for mission. Mission in China in some ways 'altered' CMS’s traditional mission policy. The first five Chinese converts of the CMS China Mission were baptised in 1851 -- two in Ningbo and three in Shanghai. For a long time the Chinese church was under the supervision of missionaries, with all the ordination proposed from the Church of England until the 1920s when they started to consider handing over the church leadership to Chinese. -
The Pentecostal Missionary Union (PMU), a Case Study Exploring the Missiological Roots of Early British Pentecostalism (1909-1925)
The Pentecostal Missionary Union (PMU), a case study exploring the missiological roots of early British Pentecostalism (1909-1925) Item Type Thesis or dissertation Authors Goodwin, Leigh Publisher University of Chester Download date 29/09/2021 14:08:25 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10034/314921 This work has been submitted to ChesterRep – the University of Chester’s online research repository http://chesterrep.openrepository.com Author(s): Leigh Goodwin Title: The Pentecostal Missionary Union (PMU), a case study exploring the missiological roots of early British Pentecostalism (1909-1925) Date: October 2013 Originally published as: University of Chester PhD thesis Example citation: Goodwin, L. (2013). The Pentecostal Missionary Union (PMU), a case study exploring the missiological roots of early British Pentecostalism (1909- 1925). (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Chester, United Kingdom. Version of item: Submitted version Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10034/314921 The Pentecostal Missionary Union (PMU), a case study exploring the missiological roots of early British Pentecostalism (1909-1925) Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Chester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Leigh Goodwin October 2013 Thesis Contents Abstract p. 3 Thesis introduction and acknowledgements pp. 4-9 Chapter 1: Literature review and methodology pp.10-62 1.1 Literature review 1.2 Methodology Chapter 2: Social and religious influences on early British pp. 63-105 Pentecostal missiological development 2.1 Social influences affecting early twentieth century 2.1 Missiological precursors to the PMU’s faith mission praxis 2.2 Exploration of theological roots and influences upon the PMU Chapter 3: PMU’s formation as a Pentecostal faith mission pp. -
An Adventure in Cooperation: the Church of Christ in China and Church-State Relations in Nationalist China
An Adventure In Cooperation: The Church of Christ in China and Church-State Relations in Nationalist China By Yan Xiong B.A. in News Interviewing, July 1995, Communication University of China M.A. in Political Communication, May 2005, The George Washington University A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 31, 2011 Dissertation directed by Edward McCord Associate Professor of History and International Affairs The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University certifies that Yan Xiong has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy as of July 27, 2011. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. Yan Xiong An Adventure In Cooperation: The Church of Christ in China and Church-State Relations in Nationalist China Dissertation Research Committee: Edward A. McCord, Associate Professor of History and International Affairs, Dissertation Director Shawn F. McHale, Associate Professor of History and International Affairs, Committee Member Gregg A. Brazinsky, Associate Professor of History and International Affairs, Committee Member ii © Copyright 2011 by Yan Xiong All rights reserved iii To my parents iv Acknowledgments It is a great pleasure to acknowledge some of the colleagues and friends who have contributed to this dissertation. I am thankful to all the institutions and individuals for their support and assistance during the process of writing the dissertation. The George Washington University provided me with generous fellowships during my Ph.D. study and research. -
2020 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2020 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), states that citizens “enjoy freedom of religious belief” but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” without defining “normal.” CCP members and members of the armed forces are required to be atheists and are forbidden from engaging in religious practices. National law prohibits organizations or individuals from interfering with the state educational system for minors younger than the age of 18, effectively barring them from participating in most religious activities or receiving religious education. Some provinces have additional laws on minors’ participation in religious activities. The government continued to assert control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to one of the five state-sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Jun XU Nationality: China Residence: Chengdu, Sichuan, China Email: [email protected] Phone: +86-28-84519615 (Home);85412567(W/F) Current Academic Positions: Executive Chair,Himalaya Multimedia Database Project(2014- present) Professor, History Department, Sichuan University (2009- present) Senior Researcher,Anthropology Institute, Sichuan University (2005-present) Senior Researcher, Tibetan Studies Center, Sichuan University (2000- present) Research Interests: Cultural Diversity, Gender, Migration, Historical, Social and Cultural Changes; Multimedia database; Resettlement Issues, Social and Economic Development in Tibetan Areas. Academic Background: 2014.1-7 Visiting scholar, Mongolia & Inner Asia Studies Unit, University of Cambridge 2010.7-10 Visiting scholar, Harvard-Yenching Institute, Harvard University 2003-2009 Associate Professor, History Department, Sichuan University 2001-2002 Visiting scholars, Harvard-Yenching Institute, Harvard University 1997-2003 Lecturer, History Department, Sichuan University 1995-1997 Assistant Lecturer, History Department, Sichuan University Education Background: 1999 Ph.D. Sichuan University 1995 M.A. Sichuan University 1992 B.A. Sichuan University Honors and Awards: 2016 Achievement Awards of Sichuan University 2015 Academic Leaders of Sichuan Province 2009 Prospected Scholar in New Century, Honor from Chinese Ministry of Education 2008 Distinguished Researcher Award from Sichuan University 2008 “An Introduction to Anthropology” as Excellent Course in Sichuan Province. 2005 -
Missionaries and Secret Societies During the Anti
MISSIONARIES AND SECRET SOCIETIES DURING THE ANTI- CHRISTIAN MOVEMENT —FRANCISCAN MISSIONARIES IN ENSHI IN THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY XIANG HONGYAN (B.A. History, Wuhan University) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2009 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS —————————————————————————————————— Many people have contributed to my thesis in different ways. It is my pleasure to be able to acknowledge my indebtedness to them. During the early phase of my research, Father Alex Coenen assisted my work in obtaining valuable mission sources in Franciscan archive center at Sint-Truiden of Belgium. Father Antonio Eguiguren of Ferdinand Verbiest Institute in Catholic University of Leuven offered me much help during my fieldtrip to Leuven. He not only introduced more archives to me, but also put me in touch with other scholars in Leuven. During my fieldtrip to China, Father Li Xiaoguo of Enshi Catholic church not only helped me to collect precious archive sources, but also accompanied me to visit churches and places where anti-Christian incidents took place. In the translation of French, Italian and Latin documents, I owe thanks to Duffie D Anglemont de Tassigny Pierre Yves. I owe a particular debt of gratitude to my supervisor Thomas David Dubois of National University of Singapore. He has given me much support during my master study, both emotionally and academically. Whenever I have questions, I only need to knock the door of his office, and he would listen to me and give me suggestions that I need. He helped me to identify potential problems of my thesis and guided me to polish its structure. -
Religions & Christianity in Today's China Vol. VIII 2018 No. 2
Religions & Christianity in Today's China Vol. VIII 2018 No. 2 Contents Editorial | 2 News Update on Religion and Church in China November 19, 2017 – March 13, 2018 | 3 Compiled by Katharina Wenzel-Teuber, Katharina Feith, Isabel Hess-Friemann and Gregor Weimar Statistics on Religions and Churches in the People’s Republic of China – Update for the Year 2017 | 26 Katharina Wenzel-Teuber With a contribution by Isabel Hess-Friemann Chinese Female Propagators of the Faith in Modern China The Tortuous Transition from the “Institute of Virgins” to Diocesan Religious Congregations | 52 R.G. Tiedemann Imprint – Legal Notice | 73 Religions & Christianity in Today's China, Vol. VIII, 2018, No. 2 1 Editorial Dear Readers, Today we can present to you the second issue 2018 of Religions & Christianity in Today’s China (中国宗教评论). The number includes the regular series of News Updates on recent events and general trends with regard to religions and especially Christianity in today’s China. We continue with the publication of the “Statistics on Religions and Churches in the Peoples’ Republic of China – Update for the Year 2017” by Katharina Wenzel-Teuber, with many details and trends on the various numerically meas urable developments in the religions of China. This year, among others, the phenomenon of “cyber religion” and the interest of the general public in this topic, the question of popular beliefs in Guangdong Province, the official educational institutes of the Protestant Church and figures for the growth of Protestant Christianity among ethnic minorities in the People’s Republic as well as baptisms and priestly ordinations within the Catholic Church are within the focus. -
CHINA the Church of Almighty God: Prisoners Database (1663 Cases)
CHINA The Church of Almighty God: Prisoners Database (1663 cases) Prison term: 15 years HE Zhexun Date of birth: On 18th September 1963 Date and place of arrest: On 10th March 2009, in Xuchang City, Henan Province Charges: Disturbing social order and using a Xie Jiao organization to undermine law enforcement because of being an upper-level leader of The Church of Almighty God in mainland China, who was responsible for the overall work of the church Statement of the defendant: He disagreed with the decision and said what he believed in is not a Xie Jiao. Court decision: In February 2010, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison by the Zhongyuan District People’s Court of Zhengzhou City, Henan Province. Place of imprisonment: No. 1 Prison of Henan Province Other information: He was regarded by the Chinese authorities as a major criminal of the state and had long been on the wanted list. To arrest him, authorities offered 500,000 RMB as a reward to informers who gave tips leading to his arrest to police. He was arrested at the home of a Christian in Xuchang City, Henan Province. Based on the information from a Christian serving his sentence in the same prison, HE Zhexun was imprisoned in a separate area and not allowed to contact other prisoners. XIE Gao, ZOU Yuxiong, SONG Xinling and GAO Qinlin were arrested in succession alongside him and sentenced to prison terms ranging from 11 to 12 years. Source: https://goo.gl/aGkHBj Prison term: 14 years MENG Xiumei Age: Forty-one years old Date and place of arrest: On 14th August 2014, in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Charges: Using a Xie Jiao organization to undermine law enforcement because of being a leader of The Church of Almighty God and organizing gatherings for Christians and the work of preaching the gospel in Ili prefecture Statement of the defendant: She claimed that her act did not constitute crimes. -
Sichuan – Yunnan – Catholics
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN35048 Country: China Date: 16 June 2009 Keywords: China – Sichuan – Yunnan – Catholics This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Please provide information concerning the treatment of Catholics in Panzhihua City in Sichuan Province from 2006. 2. Please provide information concerning the current treatment of Catholics in Kunming City, Yunan Province. RESPONSE 1. Please provide information concerning the treatment of Catholics in Panzhihua City in Sichuan Province from 2006. No information was found on the treatment of Catholics in Panzhihua City in Sichuan Province from 2006 and little information was found on the Catholic community in this area of China. The Guide to the Catholic Church in China (2008 edition) provides the following entry for Panzhihua City: Panzhihua Industrial City (97 km west of Huli) Population: 800 000 Dukou Saint Peter Church [617000] Tel.:86-812-258 11 11 Priest: Huang Shengjin West: Geliping Pingjiang Catholic Church Tel.: 86-812-559 02 69 East: Datian Catholic Church (Charbonnier, Fr. J. 2008, Guide to the Catholic Church in China, China Catholic Communication, Singapore, p. -
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. ENCOUNTERING CHINA: THE EVOLUTION OF TIMOTHY RICHARD’S MISSIONARY THOUGHT (1870-1891) BY ANDREW T. KAISER DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH 2014 ii Declaration I, Andrew T. Kaiser, hereby certify that this thesis has been written by me; that it is the record of work carried out by me; and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for higher degree. Signature __________________________________ Date ___________15_______________________ January 2014 To Heather Abstract In pursuit of the conversion of others, cross-cultural missionaries often experience their own “conversions.” This thesis explores the ways in which one particular missionary, the Welshman Timothy Richard (1845–1919), was transformed by his encounter with China. Focusing specifically on the evolution of his understanding and practice of Christian mission during the first half of his career with the Baptist Missionary Society, the study is structured chronologically in order to capture the important ways in which Richard’s experiences shaped his adaptations in mission. -
Biggest Expulsion in Eight Years
Table of Contents Assembly of Chinese Catholic representatives extolls "independence and autonomy" Old guard and illegitimate bishops dominate the new Catholic Assembly The Shepherds of Living Stone Church China cracks down on Christmas celebrations, bans Protestant services EP resolution on the demolition of the Larung Gar Tibetan Buddhist Academy An open letter to Pope Francis on China Catholics remain split as China, Vatican reportedly finalize landmark agreement Anyang Nuns and priests demonstrate in Tianjin against government plans to demolish Church building China tries Christian church members on spying, illegal business charges Co-chairs to China: End demolitions of Tibetan Buddhist housing and expulsions of practitioners China tells citizens to report parents who ‘lure’ kids into religion China’s new rules for Xinjiang ban parents from encouraging or forcing children into religion Mgr Peter Shao Zhumin back in Wenzhou but under control China seeks tighter grip in wake of a religious revival Petition demands Beijing release underground bishop Chinese bishop arrested as tension with Vatican grows UK, UN express concerns about freedom of religion or belief in China Falun Gong practitioner Wang Zhiwen released in 2014 after 16 years in prison but… Christian camp leaders detained, accused of ‘indoctrinating minors’ Wenzhou releases five prisoners in preparation for G20 summit In China-Holy See talks, silence shrouds future of underground priests Chinese authorities question students in Xinjiang about religious -
Content of the Report
Country: China Content of the report Part 1: Authors of the report p. 2 Background to the report p. 3 Research Questions p. 3 Responses to Research Questions p. 3 Declaration p.14 Key passage excerpts p. 15 Part 2: Index of full documents p.78 Full documents (in reverse chronological order) p.80 1 Part 1: Authors of the Report: Asylum Research Centre (ARC) Foundation was set up as a charitable incorporated organisation in 2016 to take forward the work of Asylum Research Centre established in 2010 (formerly Asylum Research Consultancy). ARC Foundation provides country reports to support individual asylum claims for use in representations to the UK Home Office, the UK Immigration and Asylum Chambers and to international refugee decision making bodies. In AK, the Tribunal determined that “there may be a useful role in country guidance cases for reports by COI (Country of Origin) analysts/consultants” such as ARC (headnote A (iv) and para. 178) and considered that ARC consultants have the “relevant skills and experience to undertake this work” (para. 178). ARC has been commissioned to provide published COI reports on over 27 countries (available on our website) and for the following Country Guidance (CG) cases: AAR & AA (Non-Arab Darfuris - return) Sudan [2019] UKUT 282 (IAC) (7 August 2019) BA (Returns to Baghdad Iraq CG) [2017] UKUT 18 (IAC) (23 January 2017) CM (EM country guidance; disclosure) Zimbabwe CG [2013] UKUT 59 (IAC) (31 January 2013) HM and others (Article 15(c)) Iraq CG [2012] UKUT 00409(IAC) (13 November 2012) AK (Article