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HOW MANY FRONDS CAN YOU COUNT ON ONE FERN? ONE ON COUNT YOU CAN FRONDS MANY HOW HUMMINGBIRD? THE ARE COLORS WHAT UNIQUE? SONG CHICKADEE’S THE MAKES WHAT YET? BERRIES HAVE SALAL THE DOES hummingbird. more. or month a for places the underside of the fronds. the of underside the American North any of migrations longest hiding remember can birds the that shows properties. medicinal floral arrangements, and is known to have have to known is and arrangements, floral instead of seeds. The spores can be found on on found be can spores The seeds. of instead the of miles—one 4,000 to up migrates Research weather. cold during use for food Fun Fact: Fact: Fun Fun Fact: Fun Fact: Fun Fact: Fun Ferns reproduce using spores spores using reproduce Ferns Hummingbird Rufous The hides Chickadee Black-Capped The in used often is plant native This Dryocopus pileatus Dryocopus Selasphorus rufus Selasphorus shallon Gaultheria Polystichum munitum Polystichum - CAPPED CHICKADEE CAPPED BLACK SALAL WESTERN SWORD FERN SWORD WESTERN HUMMINGBIRD RUFOUS © © © © K A K V r J r n z z d y A y y s n s z z d R t t e o e o r a f f s g G Z o o n i o a l r i k n e k FOUND FOUND FOUND FOUND Name FOUND FOUND Natural wonders abound on r Bainbridge Island, and many e t h c e can be found right in your own h c S S g W backyard. Join our scavenger hunt re SF G U and discover your inner naturalist. © © Check the boxes and, if you like, save the file right to your phone. PACIFIC TREE FROG TRAILING BLACKBERRY Send a photo of yourself ISLAND NATURALIST Pseudacris regilla Rubus ursinus participating in the scavenger SCAVENGER HUNT Fun Fact: Bainbridge is home to four species hunt to [email protected] for Fun Fact: It’s our state frog! From February of Rubus, but only trailing blackberry and a mention on Bainbridge Island to May, male Pacific Tree Frogs croon to salmonberry are considered native. Their leaves Land Trust’s social media prospective mates each night—a sure sign appear in clumps of three, whereas invasive of spring! blackberry leaves appear in clumps of five. BAINBRIDGE ISLAND LAND TRUST BI-LANDTRUST.ORG WHAT ARE THE TREE FROG’S COLORS? HAS THIS PLANT ALREADY FLOWERED?.

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Analysis of Flavonoids in Rubus Erythrocladus and Morus Nigra Leaves Extracts by Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophor
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 25 (2015) 219–227 www.sbfgnosia.org.br/revista Original Article Analysis of flavonoids in Rubus erythrocladus and Morus nigra leaves extracts by liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis a a b c Luciana R. Tallini , Graziele P.R. Pedrazza , Sérgio A. de L. Bordignon , Ana C.O. Costa , d e a,∗ Martin Steppe , Alexandre Fuentefria , José A.S. Zuanazzi a Departamento de Produç ão de Matéria Prima, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil b Centro Universitário La Salle, Canoas, RS, Brazil c Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil d Departamento de Produç ão e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil e Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil a a b s t r a c t r t i c l e i n f o Article history: This study uses high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis as analytical tools Received 15 January 2015 to evaluate flavonoids in hydrolyzed leaves extracts of Rubus erythrocladus Mart., Rosaceae, and Morus Accepted 30 April 2015 nigra L., Moraceae. For phytochemical analysis, the extracts were prepared by acid hydrolysis and ultra- Available online 17 June 2015 sonic bath and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector and by capillary electrophoresis equipped with a diode-array detector. Quercetin and kaempferol were iden- Keywords: tified in these extracts. The analytical methods developed were validated and applied.
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F a C T S H E E T Blackberries
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Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry ) Size/Shape
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Here Are Over 2,100 Native Rare Plant Finds at 11 Bear Run Nature Plant Species in Pennsylvania, and About Reserve 800 Species Are of Conservation Concern
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Rubus Pharmacology: Antiquity to the Present Kim E
Rubus Pharmacology: Antiquity to the Present Kim E. Hummer U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Road, Corvallis, OR 97333 Additional index words. ancient and traditional, medicine, blackberries, raspberries, Rubus Abstract. The genus Rubus L., indigenous to six continents, includes blackberries, raspberries, and their hybrids and is commonly referred to as brambles or briers. Rubus species were a food and medicinal source for native peoples soon after the Ice Age. This short article presents only a sample of the wealth of historical reports of medicinal uses for Rubus. Brambles were documented in the writings of the ancient Greeks: Aeschylus, Hippocrates, Krataeus, Dioscorides, and Galen; Romans: Cato, Ovid, and Pliny the Elder; Asian medicinal traditions; traditional Chinese medicine; and the Ayurvedic tradition of India. Folk traditions of native peoples throughout the world have also applied Rubus for multiple medicinal uses. Although in modern times Rubus is grown for its delicious and vitamin-rich fruit for fresh and processed product consumption, the ancients used the whole plant and its parts. Stems, branches, roots, leaves, and ﬂowers were used in decoctions, infusions, plasters, oil or wine extractions, and condensates. Decoctions of branches were applied to stop diarrhea, dye hair, prevent vaginal discharge, and as an antivenom for snakebites. Leaves were chewed to strengthen gums and plastered to constrain shingles, head scurf, prolapsed eyes, and hemorrhoids. Flowers triturated with oil reduced eye inﬂammations and cooled skin rashes; infusions with water or wine aided stomach ailments. Greeks and Romans recorded female applications, whereas the Chinese described uses in male disorders.
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