Smokejumper Magazine, October 2018 National Smokejumper Association

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Smokejumper Magazine, October 2018 National Smokejumper Association Eastern Washington University EWU Digital Commons Smokejumper and Static Line Magazines University Archives & Special Collections October 2018 Smokejumper Magazine, October 2018 National Smokejumper Association Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.ewu.edu/smokejumper_mag Part of the Forest Management Commons Recommended Citation National Smokejumper Association, "Smokejumper Magazine, October 2018" (2018). Smokejumper and Static Line Magazines. 103. https://dc.ewu.edu/smokejumper_mag/103 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the University Archives & Special Collections at EWU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Smokejumper and Static Line Magazines by an authorized administrator of EWU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPECIAL The National Smokejumper Quarterly Magazine Association October 2018 ISSUE Smokejumper Wildfire—A Problem No One Can Solve? ............................ 4 Large Fire Growth .................................................................10 No Fault Fire Zones ..............................................................13 CONTENTS Message from Message from the President ....................................2 Special Wildfire Series the President Wildfire Suppression—A Problem No One Can Solve?...............................................................4 Large Fire Growth .................................................10 Firefighting Costs Soar as They Reflect Today’s are available because the ap- Methodology ..................................................12 Stop the Fire—No Fault Fire Zones.......................13 plicants are so worthy, based A Campus and Curricula for a U.S. Forest Service on their scholarship, their Academy ........................................................15 Klump Pump Offers Many Significant Advantages ..17 need, and their vision for their Letter to the Editor of the Missouli ........................19 future. Applicants of this qual- Fixed Lookouts vs. Aerial Detection ......................20 ity are an indication that our Fire Lookouts: Then, Now, and Maybe Always .......21 Let’s Talk About the Chetco Bar Megafire ..............26 future will be in good hands Hiring Problems ...................................................28 with the next generation. Management of Wildfires on National Forest Lands ..................................................31 I want to challenge you The Forest Fire Debate..........................................32 readers to consider making Sounding Off from the editor ................................36 by Jim Cherry a special gift to the Scholar- Struggle with the Titan ..........................................37 (Missoula ’57) ship Fund. If the response is Former Jumper Davis Perkins – Ever Watchful .....38 Off the List ............................................................39 President sufficiently strong, we could Snapshots from the Past........................................41 increase our scholarships in Jerry Chisum: At the Controls Wherever Mark your calendars, ladies 2019 from the present six to You Find Him .................................................42 Odds and Ends .....................................................43 and gentlemen! Our next Na- maybe seven, eight or nine The Jump List .......................................................45 tional Smokejumper Reunion annual scholarships of $2,000 Sexual Harassment … There Is More To It ...........46 Blast from the Past................................................48 will be taking place during the each. Some of you might even third week in June 2019 in have the individual means to Boise. establish an NSA scholarship – There will be details in the maybe through a gift of appre- months ahead as the organiz- ciated assets or the designation ing committee works through of funds from an IRA. Give it the logistics of schedules, food, some thought. Contact me at beverages and meeting places. [email protected] if you Major emphasis will be placed have questions. SMOKEJUMPER, Issue No. 102, October 2018 on providing blocks of time Even though we are pres- ISSN 1532-6160 Smokejumper is published quarterly by: for conversations with old ently soaking wet here in Iowa, The National Smokejumper Association friends and the telling of tall where I live, I am fully aware c/o 10 Judy Lane tales over a suitable beverage of of the Western fire season Chico, CA 95926 The opinions of the writers are their own and do choice. Stay tuned to the NSA making its annual migration not necessarily reflect those of the NSA. Permis- webpage at www.smokejumpers. from the Southwest to the sion to reproduce Smokejumper in any manner must first be obtained in writing. com and the January 2019 is- northern Rockies. I look from NSA Website: http://www.smokejumpers.com sue of Smokejumper magazine. time to time at the Incident Managing Editor: Chuck Sheley For the second year in a Information System link on our Associate Editor: Ed Booth row, the NSA Scholarship pro- smokejumper website to get a Editing: K. G. Sheley gram has received a total of 19 broader look at the fire picture Photo Editor: Johnny Kirkley applications. As of late June, beyond what the evening news Illustrators: Dan Veenendaal, and Eric Rajala the selection committee is in shows us. Layout/Printing: Larry S. Jackson, Heidelberg the process of reviewing the It’s another tough and Graphics, www.HeidelbergGraphics.com applications. It’s a tough job. tragic year with the loss of for- Front cover: Casa Jumpship drops paracargo ahead of smoke column, Interior Alaska I wish we had many more est and rangeland acreage, and wildfire, 1997. (Courtesy Mike McMillan) than the six scholarships that the loss of homes and liveli- Check the NSA website 2 www.smokejumpers.com hood for so many in the paths of these fires. It has The next meeting of the NSA Board of Di- become a very different fire environment than the rectors is scheduled for the Seattle area Oct. 24, ones we knew in the 1940s, ’50s, ’60s and ’70s. 2019, at the Residence Inn in Tukwila, Wash. I also check the Smokejumper Status Report link Our meetings are always open to having you on our NSA webpage and see that there is a lot of come as a visitor. We are always interested in boosting taking place from one base to another. having your input. Just let me know in advance so It’s good to see that jumpers are being stationed we can include you in the count for our working where the action is taking place. lunch. NSA Members—Save This Information Please contact the following persons directly if you have business or questions: Articles, obits, change of address Chuck Sheley, 530-893-0436, [email protected], 10 Judy Ln., Chico, CA 95926 Membership John McDaniel, 785-404-2847, [email protected], 807 Eileen Ln., Salina, KS 67401-2878 All else NSA President, Jim Cherry, 641-927-4428, [email protected], 2335 300th St, Ventura, IA 50482-8502 Smokejumper base abbreviations: Anchorage ...................ANC Fort St. John ................. YXJ McCall ........................MYC West Yellowstone ........ WYS Boise ..........................NIFC Grangeville ................. GAC Missoula .....................MSO Whitehorse Yukon .........YXY Cave Junction ................. CJ Idaho City ................... IDC Redding ......................RDD Winthrop ..................NCSB Fairbanks ..................... FBX La Grande ................... LGD Redmond .....................RAC Check the NSA website 3 www.smokejumpers.com SPECIAL WILDFIRE EDITION Wildfire Suppression— A Problem No One Can Solve? by Chuck Sheley (Cave Junction ’59) ne big advantage of being part of the over the highways certainly involves one heck of a smokejumper community from past risk. Highway accidents are commonplace. Oyears is getting continual feedback from If prompt IA can limit a fire to a couple of people who went on to jobs “in the real world.” engines and two Hotshot crews to control it, isn’t Many of these individuals formed the backbone of the “risk” greatly decreased from a fire that eventu- the USFS and were movers in wildland firefight- ally grows into an incident that requires several ing for years. hundred or a thousand firefighters? Their experience and insight, in my opinion, The article by Ben Smith (MSO-64) in the has been relegated to the back burner by the cur- April 2018 issue of Smokejumper concerning the rent wildfire community. There is a new genera- Whetstone Ridge Fire stands key in my thoughts. tion in control. Refer to Dick Rath’s (MSO-73) Please read that one again just to refresh your article on page 10. I know there has been a cli- mind. Ben was run around the block by the USFS mate change, the fire season is longer, and many all the way from the district level to the regional things have changed. But, as much as things have level. He immediately found out the FS was off changed, many things have not. base on the initial reporting of the fire by four I’m going to print as much feedback and hours. Refer to Ben’s “Letter to the Editor” on thoughts from these individuals as possible in this page 19. issue. Anything coming from our membership Ben asked the question as to why smoke- and the NSA that will change the current meth- jumpers were not called immediately as there ods of operation will have a snowballs chance of were available resources listed on the daily re- effecting change. source report. We were told at the Boise meeting Somewhere along the line, the taxpayers will that the daily status report is not
Recommended publications
  • Chetco Bar BAER Specialist Reports
    Chetco Bar BAER Specialist Reports Burned Area Emergency Response Soil Resource Assessment Chetco Bar Fire OR-RSF-000326 Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest October 2017 Lizeth Ochoa – BAER Team Soil Scientist USFS, Rogue River-Siskiyou NF [email protected] Kit MacDonald – BAER Team Soil Scientist USFS, Coconino and Kaibab National Forests [email protected] 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Chetco Bar fire occurred on 191,197 acres on the Gold Beach and Wild Rivers Ranger District of the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest, BLM lands, and other ownerships in southwestern Oregon. Approximately 170,321 acres of National Forest System (NFS) land, 6,746 acres of BLM land and 14,130 acres of private land were affected by this wildfire. Within the fire perimeter, approximately 14,012 acres burned at high soil burn severity, 64,545 acres burned at moderate soil burn severity, 76,613 acres burned at low soil burn severity, and 36,027 remain unburned. On NFS-managed lands, 10,684 acres burned at high soil burn severity, 58,784 acres burned at moderate soil burn severity, 70,201 acres burned at low soil burn severity and 30,642 acres remain unburned or burned at very low soil burn severity (Figure 1). The Chetco Bar fire burned area is characterized as steep, rugged terrain, with highly dissected slopes and narrow drainages. Dominant surficial geology is metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks, peridotite and other igneous rocks. Peridotite has been transformed into serpentine through a process known as serpentinization. This transformation is the result of hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic (high iron and magnesium) rocks.
    [Show full text]
  • Smokejumper, Issue No. 111, January 2021
    The National Smokejumper Quarterly Magazine Association January 2021 Smokejumper Me and Vietnam ................................................................................................... 4 Birth of a Tree Farmer ........................................................................................ 10 John McDaniel Retires ...................................................................................... 15 CONTENTS Message from Message from the President ....................................2 Me and Vietnam ......................................................4 the President Birth of a Tree Farmer ..........................................10 Sounding Off from the Editor ................................14 major fires in Oregon. Across John McDaniel Retires As NSA Membership the state a sum total of 1 mil- Chair..............................................................15 lion acres were burned, thou- As I Best Remember It ..........................................18 sands of structures were lost, The Jump List .......................................................20 and several rural towns were Men of the ’40s.....................................................20 leveled. After two weeks of fire Recording Smokejumper History ..........................24 and smoke, significant rainfall Four NSA Members Clear Trails In Eagle Cap Wilder- gave firefighters an opportunity ness ...............................................................29 to engage in serious contain- Odds and Ends .....................................................30
    [Show full text]
  • Chetco Bar Fire Salvage Project Comment Analysis Page 1 Of
    Chetco Bar Fire Salvage Project Comment Analysis Response and Concern Status Report Generated: 6/22/2018 12:48 PM Project: Chetco Fire Salvage Project (53150) Comment Period: Other - 30-Day Comment and ESD Comment Period Period Dates: 4/16/2018 - 5/16/2018 and 5/18/2018 - 6/18/2018 Name Comment Text Response Text Comment # ESD Comments Received 5/18/2018 - 6/18/2018 Vaile, Joseph 1-2 An ESD may prove counterproductive to the goals of the agency, if it The Forest Service has been engaging the public in a robust and thorough process since the prevents meaningful mitigation measures to the proposed action. The Chetco Bar fire began. Refer also to the response to comment 1-1 for more information on use of the ESD may prevent the Forest Service from engaging the public design criteria and evaluation for feasibility. in a robust and thorough planning process that could be accomplished through an objection process. Page 1 of 341 Chetco Bar Fire Salvage Project Comment Analysis Name Comment Text Response Text 1-5 Please note that the discussion of the agency's desire for an ESD at page The EA states "An additional consideration is the health and safety of forest visitors and 2-6 of the Chetco Bar Fire Salvage EA makes reference to a concern for nearby private landowners due to numerous dead trees, as well as Forest Service staff and "the health and safety of forest visitors." We wholeheartedly agree that forest industry workers working in the Chetco Bar Fire Salvage project area. Traveling or this is a legitimate concern.
    [Show full text]
  • OFPC Training Catalog
    Rev. 02/01/21 1 REV 2/01/21 vision contact information The New York State Office of Fire Prevention and Control strives to be a national recognized leader in fire NYS Division of Homeland Security services, delivering the highest quality, and Emergency Services state of the art, and most comprehensive Office of Fire Prevention and Control training, response, and technical State Office Campus assistance programs and services to 1220 Washington Avenue Building 7A, 2nd Floor emergency responders, local entities, Albany, NY 12226 and the citizens of New York State. Phone: 518-474-6746 The Office’s programs enable: the Fax: 518-474-3240 state’s fire service to become the e-mail: [email protected] best trained, best prepared and most Web: www.dhses.ny.gov/ofpc effective professional emergency response force in the nation; New York State’s colleges, universities, state NYS Academy of Fire Science properties and its citizens, to be the 600 College Avenue safest in regard to fire prevention and Montour Falls, NY 14865-9634 awareness; and the state to maintain Phone: 607-535-7136 arson related fires at the lowest per Fax: 607-535-4841 capita within the United States. e-mail: [email protected] Academy course information, schedules, and application forms are on the web: mission www.dhses.ny.gov/ofpc The Office of Fire Prevention and Control will deliver a wide breadth NYS Preparedness Training Center of services to firefighters, emergency 5900 Airport Rd responders, state and local government Oriskany, NY 13424 agencies, public and private colleges, Phone: 315-768-5689 and the citizens of New York.
    [Show full text]
  • LRFD 24/7 2The Command Post January 2012
    The Command Post Volume 3, Issue 1 - A Publication of the Little Rock Fire Department January 2012 Inside This Issue... From the Chief’s Desk In the book titled “It’s Your Ship,” au- thor Captain D. Michael Abrashoff speaks about going beyond standard Operationally Speaking procedure - “Innovation and progress are achieved only by those who ven- ture beyond standard operating proce- dures. You have to think imagina- tively, but realistically, about what Storm Response Kit may lie ahead, and prepare to meet it. You have to look for new ways to handle old tasks and fresh approaches to new problems.” Let’s be very specific - SOPs/SOGs are very much appropriate on the fire ground and in our daily fire service activities; however, as we 2011 Recruit Class-B come to the end of 2011 and look back on the year, there are numer- ous people within this organization who played a key role in our ac- complishments for the year. Your imagination, focus and leadership are appreciated. Successfully established Airport Division Chief Position Prescription Drug Drop-Off Successfully established EMS bicycle team Successfully completed Spanish Immersion Class for SW stations Increased technical knowledge with Swift Water Training Established employee Medical Evaluations in partnership with Arkansas Heart Hospital Blackout Box Initiated IAFF-supported minimum standards for Engineers and Captains Completed 2nd annual Citizens Fire Academy Completed 2nd annual “Fire Safety Day” Graduated 27 recruits Fire Death Reduction Began construction of WLR Fire
    [Show full text]
  • The Forest Resiliency Burning Pilot Project
    R E S O U C The Forest Resiliency Burning Pilot Project December 2018 N A T U R L The Forest Resiliency Burning Pilot Project Report to the Legislature December 2018 Prepared by Washington State Department of Natural Resources and Washington Prescribed Fire Council Cover photo by © John Marshall. ii Executive Summary More than 100 years of fire suppression and land management practices have severely degraded Eastern Washington’s fire-adapted dry forests. Without the regular, low-intensity fires that created their open stand structure and resiliency, tree density has increased and brush and dead fuels have accumulated in the understory. The impact of these changes in combination with longer fire seasons have contributed to back-to-back record-breaking wildfire years, millions spent in firefighting resources and recovery, danger to our communities, and millions of acres of severely burned forest. Forest resiliency burning, also called prescribed fire or controlled burning, returns fire as an essential ecological process to these forests and is an effective tool for reducing fuels and associated risk of severe fires. Forest experts have identified 2.7 million acres of Central and Eastern Washington forests in need of restoration (Haugo et al. 2015). The agency’s 20-year Forest Health Strategic Plan addresses the need to increase the pace and scale of forest restoration treatments, which includes the use of prescribed fire. Successful implementation of prescribed fire in dry forest ecosystems faces a number of challenges, primarily unfavorable weather conditions, smoke management regulations, and some public opposition. Recognizing these challenges, the urgent need for large-scale forest restoration, and the usefulness and benefits of prescribed fire, the Legislature passed Engrossed Substitute House Bill (ESHB) 2928.
    [Show full text]
  • Chetco Bar Fire Timber Salvage Project
    United States Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management Coos Bay District Myrtlewood Field Office 1300 Airport Lane Coos Bay, OR 97459 Categorical Exclusion Review Chetco Bar Fire Timber Salvage Project DOI-BLM-ORWA-C040-2018-0002-CX BLM Office: Myrtlewood Field Office Lease/Serial/Case No. : DOI-BLM-ORWA-C040-2018-0002-CX Proposed Action Title: Chetco Bar Fire Timber Salvage Project Location of Proposed Action: Township 39 South, Range 13 West, Sections 1, 2, 11, 13-15, 22, 23, 25-27, Willamette Meridian, Curry County, Oregon (see attached Map2 and Map3). Background Reported on July 12, 2017, the Chetco Bar Fire started in the Kalmiopsis Wilderness on U.S. Forest Service Land from lightning strikes. The fire burned within the 2002 Biscuit Fire and 1987 Silver Fire scars between Brookings, Oregon to the west and Cave Junction to the east. Winds pushed the fire southward towards Brookings and onto private and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) administered lands in Curry County. The fire burned on approximately 185,920 acres of which 6,501 acres are BLM-administered lands. The fire burned on steep slopes (elevations range from 3,420 ft. on ridge tops to 1,200 ft. in drainages) within two watersheds (North Fork Chetco River and South Fork Pistol River). The BLM assigned a Burn Area Emergency Response (BAER) team to BLM-Administered land effected by the Chetco Bar Fire. The BAER team created a Burned Area Reflectance Classification (BARC) map and field reviewed the area to create a soil burn severity (SBS) map. SBS maps identifies fire-induced changes in soil and ground surface properties that may affect infiltration, run-off, and erosion potential (Parsons et al.
    [Show full text]
  • NETC Welcome Package, a Refrigerator and Microwave Are Available in Each Dormitory Room
    National Emergency Training Center Welcome Package National Fire Academy/Emergency Management Institute August 2021 Welcome Package for the National Fire Academy and Emergency Management Institute Welcome to the National Emergency Training Center (NETC), home of the National Fire Academy (NFA) and Emergency Management Institute (EMI). Your decision to continue your education is a positive step toward increasing your skills and knowledge, gaining recognition in the industry, and enhancing your career. This package contains important campus information, including points of contact and links to additional information. Whether this is your first time or you previously attended courses, we encourage you to review the information as our policies and procedures update periodically. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Educational and Training Participant Standards of Conduct (FEMA Policy 123-0-2) can be accessed via the following link (https:// www.usfa.fema.gov/training/nfa/admissions/student_policies.html). In addition, FEMA Directive: Personnel Standards of Conduct (Directive 123-0-2-1) can be accessed via the following link (https://www.usfa.fema.gov/training/nfa/admissions/student_policies.html). Please review these important documents. If you have any questions regarding your visit to NETC, please contact our Admissions Office and the staff will be glad to assist you. Our Admissions Office may be reached at 301-447-1035 or at [email protected], Monday to Friday between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. ET. We commend you for your commitment to enhancing your education and wish you great success in your professional endeavors. NETC regulations (44 C.F.R. Part 15 and Policy 119-22, VII.A.8 and VII.A.10) prohibit personal possession of alcohol or firearms on campus.
    [Show full text]
  • Taming the Wild – Understanding Risks and Responses to Water Supplies from Wildfires
    TAMING THE WILD – UNDERSTANDING RISKS AND RESPONSES TO WATER SUPPLIES FROM WILDFIRES Glen Leverich 1 Rodrigo Prugue 2 2 0 19 P N WS - AWWA Conference, Vancouver, WA May 3, 2019 1 2 OUTLINE OF TALK Photo of City of Brookings, OR (courtesy of City of Brookings) OVERVIEW OF WILDFIRE ACTIVITY AND RISKS IN THE NORTHWEST Photo of Chetco Bar Fire (courtesy of USFS) Spatial frequency of recorded burn events in OR and WA: 1908–2017 Annual total acres burned in OR and WA: 1908–2018 Vancouver Chetco R. Source data: BLM, 2017 Source data: BLM, 2018 GIS analysis: Stillwater, 2018 Analysis: Stillwater, 2019 Conceptualization of sediment yield and associated vegetation and litter recovery • Wildfires can lead to during the fire-induced “window of accelerated rates of runoff disturbance” and erosion Increasing vegetation cover • Exposed, burned soils influence of erosion-limiting during storms are more factors litter cover susceptible to mass wasting and sediment- fire-induced sediment laden runoff—the Fire- yield Flood-Erosion sequence ‘background’ (Neary et al., 2005, USDA) E R I F sediment yield • “Window of disturbance” S E D I M E N T Y I E L D occurs for months to years window of disturbance until natural system T I M E recovers (Prosser and Adapted from Shakesby and Doerr, 2006, Williams, 1998, Hyd. Proc.) Earth Sci. Rev. Photo of burned area of Chetco watershed (Stillwater Sciences) Photo of Montecito Debris flows following Thomas Fire in Santa Barbara County, CA, Jan 2018 (photo courtesy of Scripps Institute) WILDFIRE EFFECTS TO DRINKING WATER SUPPLY Photo of burned area of Chetco watershed (Stillwater Sciences) WILDFIRE EFFECTS TO DRINKING WATER SUPPLY •Two-thirds of freshwater resources in the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Attachment a ‐ Forest Service Wildfire, NEPA, and Salvage Summary
    Attachment A ‐ Forest Service Wildfire, NEPA, and Salvage Summary Fiscal Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2007‐2016 Number of Fires 1 63 64 53 33 66 79 56 56 127 110 707 Total fire acres on NFS 2 1,751,118 1,326,893 549,108 211,327 1,489,029 2,411,413 1,141,353 741,465 1,587,843 1,038,686 12,248,235 High severity acres on NFS 3 842,658 368,595 268,944 76,192 619,020 809,720 513,957 265,045 489,668 397,654 4,651,453 Number of NEPA decisions identified 4 129 Acres of salvage planned in NEPA 5 218 17,255 2,134 14,010 22,761 28,937 13,809 13,264 112,388 Number of NEPA decisions litigated 6 125110332422 Litigation cases won by USFS 7 013110131112 Litigation cases lost by USFS 8 1120001011 7 Litigation cases pending 9 0000001002 3 Acres of salvage reported accomplished 10 328 2,665 8,125 3,464 8,774 6,916 11,672 19,792 16,926 21,234 99,896 1 Fires burning more than 1,000 acres on NFS land 10 Salvage harvest activity records identified as awarded in Forest Service Activity 2 Total acres inside fire perimeter on NFS land Tracking System (FACTS) by GIS analysis of fire perimeters. 3 Classified as greater than 75% mortality using Rapid Assessment of Vegetation Condition after Wildfire (RAVG) 4 Identified by fire salvage keyword search in PALS (Planning Appeals and Disclaimer: Only the litigation data is believed to be 100% complete and Litigation System) or reported with sale activity records in Forest Service systems accurate.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Patterns and Physical Factors of Smokejumper Utilization Since 2004
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2014 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND PHYSICAL FACTORS OF SMOKEJUMPER UTILIZATION SINCE 2004 Tyson A. Atkinson University of Montana - Missoula Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Part of the Forest Management Commons, and the Other Forestry and Forest Sciences Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Atkinson, Tyson A., "SPATIAL PATTERNS AND PHYSICAL FACTORS OF SMOKEJUMPER UTILIZATION SINCE 2004" (2014). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 4384. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4384 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPATIAL PATTERNS AND PHYSICAL FACTORS OF SMOKEJUMPER UTILIZATION SINCE 2004 By TYSON ALLEN ATKINSON Bachelor of Science, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, 2009 Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Forestry The University of Montana Missoula, MT December 2014 Approved by: Sandy Ross, Dean of The Graduate School Graduate School Dr. Carl A. Seielstad, Chair Department of Forest Management Dr. LLoyd P. Queen Department of Forest Management Dr. Charles G. Palmer Department of Health and Human Performance Atkinson, Tyson Allen, M.S., December 2014 Forestry Spatial Patterns and Physical Factors of Smokejumper Utilization since 2004 Chairperson: Dr. Carl Seielstad Abstract: This research examines patterns of aerial smokejumper usage in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • ISMOG Interagency Smokejumper Operations Guide, Forest Service
    l In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]