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Fire Management Notes Is Published by the Forest Service of the United States Francis R United States Department of Agriculture Forest service Fire Management Volume 51, No.3 1990 Notes United States Department of Fire Agriculture Management Forest Service ~ totes An internationol quarterly periodical Volume 51, No.3 I ~ devoted to forest fire management 1990 Contents Short Features 3 First Wildland Firefighter Specialist Academy-a 11 Maggie's Poster Power Success! Donna Paananen Richard C. Wharton and Denny Bungarz 11 Michigan's Wildfire Prevention Poster Contest 5 Evaluating Wildfire Prevention Programs Donna M. Paananen, Larry Doolittle, and Linda 14 National Wildland Firefighters' Memorial Dedication: R. Donoghue A Centennial Event 9 Arsonists Do Not Set More Fires During Severe Fire 17 International Wildland Fire Conference Proceedings Weather in Southern California Romain Mees 17 Some BIG Thank You's 12 Fire Prevention for the 1990's-a Conference 19 Glossary of Wildland Fire Management Terms Malcolm Gramley and Sig. Palm 29 The Passamaquoddy Tribe Firefighters on the White 15 North Carolina Division of Forest Resources' Efforts Mountain National Forest in the Wake of Hurricane Hugo Tom Brady Rebecca Richards 35 New Wildfire Suppression Curriculum in Final 18 Reflections on 60 Years of Fire Control Review Phase Sam Ruegger Mike Munkres 20 Canadian Air Tanker and Crew in South Carolina Gloria Green 22 Forest Service Aircraft on Loan to State Forestry Agencies Fire Management Notes is published by the Forest Service of the United States Francis R. Russ Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. The Secretary of Agriculture has determined that the publication o! this periodical is necessary In the trensacnon of the public ousmess required by law of this Department. 25 RXWINDOW: Fire Behavior Program for Prescribed Subscriptions may be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Fire Planning Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 Patricia L. Andrews and Larry S. Bradshaw Send suggesfions and articles to Chief, Forest Service (Attn: Fire Management NOles), P,O. Box 96090, U,S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20090--6090. 30 Full Metal Meals Edward R. Madigan, Secretary Francis R. Russ Dan Cody U.S, Department of Agriculture General Manager F. Dale Robertson, Chief Doris N. ceierter Forest Service Editor L.A, Amicarella, Director Fire and Aviation Management U.S, Department 01Agriculture programs, services, and employment are open to allan the basis of merit, without regard to race, color, sex, religion, national origin, age, or disability, Disclaimer: The use of trade, firm. or corporation names in this publication is for the Front Cover: Maggie Mattila, first-place winner Ofthe Michigan fntaraqency Wildfire information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official Prevention Group's (Michigan Department of Natural Resources Forest Management endorsement of any product or service by the lf.S. Department 01 Agriculture. Individual Division) Wildfire Prevention Poster Contest, holds her winning poster. Read the stories authors are responsible for the technical accuracy of the material presented in Fire of Maggie and the MJWPGelsewherein this issue. Management Notes. 2 Fire Management Notes First Wildland Firefighter Specialist Academy-a Success! Richard C. Wharton and Denny Bungarz Administrator and training coordinator, National Fire Fighter Joint Apprenticeship and Training Program, Sacramento, CA In January 1990, firefighters from Nearly all of the enrolled appren­ Group Male Female all over the State of California tices completed Region s's first Black 7 I arrived in Sacramento to participate formal training academy. Asian 3 I in the first USDA Forest Service Hispanic 10 9 Wildland Firefighter Specialist Native American 6 7 Apprenticeship Program. The program is registered with the Caucasian 14 53 On January 26, 1990, III fire­ Bureau of Apprenticeship and fighters selected by the Forest Training Standards of the U.S. The training program included the Service's Region 5 began a 4-week Department of Labor and the State of following courses: intensive training program conducted California Division of Apprenticeship • Orientation to Region 5 by the National Fire Fighters Joint Standards and qualifies for California • Physical Fitness Training Apprenticeship and Training Program postsecondary credit. • 1-220 Introduction to ICS (NFFJATP). NFFJATP is sponsored Depending on experience, U.S. • Standards for Survival by the International Association of Forest Service apprentices were hired • First Responder-CPR Fire Fighters and the National Asso­ as OS-3 or OS-4 firefighters. Upon • Handtool Skills ciation of State Fire Marshalls and is completion of this program, they will • Fire Business Management a national apprenticeship and train­ be promoted to OS-5 and obtain a • Portable Pumps and Equipment ing program. career appointment with the agency. • Introduction to Hazardous Materials. Need for Workforce Diversity The Apprentices and the The program was conducted in a Coursework Sacramento hotel with access to the Region 5 (California and the County of Sacramento-American Pacific Islands) is under a consent The III apprentices starting the River Parkway that provided area for decree and civil rights policy direc­ 4-week program broke down into the daily physical training and "hands­ tive to diversify the workforce in the following groups: on" training with handtools, portable agency to reflect more closely the diversity of people in the population. Region 5. one of the largest wildland firefighting organizations in the Nation. selected NFFJATP to assist them in recruiting and training apprentice female and minority firefighters. Scope of Program and Opportunities With NFFJATP assistance, the Forest Service developed an 18­ working-month apprenticeship pro­ gram that included 600 hours of manipulative and classroom training and a year and a half of supervised work experience. An apprentice must complete this program to become a journeyperson wildland firefighter specialist. Apprentices in personal protective equipment walking to field exercise area. 1990 Volume 51, Number 3 3 pumps, and hose. The students spent uation exercises similarly remarked half of their time in the classroom that in 25 years of attending these and half in the field. graduations. this was the most The apprentices were assigned to enthusiastic graduating class he had four crews, each led by an exper­ ever seen. Of the III enrollees, 107 ienced Forest Service or Bureau of completed the coursework: only 4 Land Management crew superintend­ left for better job offers or inability ent. This gave the apprentices the to meet standards. opportunity to experience crew dynamics and follow a top-flight Other Program Requirements crew superintendent who was a role model. Crew competition was The apprentices go back to the developed in the form of group and national forest in Region 5 (18 in the individual awards to increase the region) where they had been hired to intensity of the learning experience. serve on engine, belitack. and hot Apprentices practicing [ire sheller deptovment, The success of the crew superin­ shot crews for the remainder of their tendents' leadership was evident as apprenticeship term. During that Many of the first class of Forest students with minor physical prob­ time, first-line supervisors will con­ Service apprentices have had some lems refused to leave their crews for duct on-the-ground training and experience. so they can reach their recuperation in their rooms and then evaluate the apprentices' ability to goal of a perinanent appointment voluntarily engaged in physical train­ perform required tasks. with the Forest Service within the ing before and after hours almost In addition, the Forest Service will 12-working-month period. Comple­ every day. offer another 225 hours of formal tion of this program gives the training in the following subjects: apprentices a chance to have a future Program Success • Local Orientation with one of the best wildland fire­ • Fire Equipment Maintenance and fighting agencies in the world. At graduation, the energy level Use The National Fire Fighters Joint was the highest.longtime Forest Serv­ • Specialized Company/Crew Opera­ Apprenticeship and Training Program ice employees had seen in years.- A tions and Drills is available to assist your agency in a Department of Labor official at grad- • Power Saw Training· program like the Forest Service's • Fire Behavior program in Region 5. For informa­ - • Wildland Strategy and Tactics tion, contact NFFJATP, 1760 • Firing Equipment Creekside Oaks Drive, Suite 150, • Basic Air Operations Sacramento, CA 95833; tclephone • Driver Training (916) 648-3000.• • Career Options and Enhancement Apprentices with appropriate wild­ land firefighting experience will be given experience credit. not to exceed 6 months, so many of the first class will reach journeyperson status in 12 working months. Apprentices will also be given educa­ tion credit if they have taken and passed any of the courses listed Apprentices learning how to operate portable pump. above within a 5-year period. 4 Fire Management Notes Evaluating Wildfire Prevention Programs Donna M. Paananen, Larry Doolittle, and Linda R. Donoghue Technical writer, USDA Forest Service. North Central Forest Experiment Station, East Lansing. M/; sociologist, Social Science Research Center, Mississippi Stale University. Mississippi State, MS; project leader. USDA Forest Service. North Central Forest Experiment Station, East Lansing, MIl No one will deny that wildfire
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