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40 AIR & SPACE Airspacemag.Com A MORE SUPER SUPER HORNET 40 AIR & SPACE airspacemag.com THE NAVY’S BOUNCER HAS BULKED UP. ■ BY MARK PHELPS These already- potent F/A-18 Super Hornets, returning to Naval Air Station Lemoore after a 2019 training mission, are about to get an upgrade. A new radar, new fuel tanks, and a new computer will give the Hornets more US NAVY/LT CMDR DARIN RUSSELL CMDR DARIN US NAVY/LT ability to sting. December 2020/January 2021 AIR & SPACE 41 DURING A SUNNY AFTERNOON bike ride Super Hornets, themselves deeply redesigned atop the hills overlooking San Diego in December derivatives of the original “legacy” Hornets (models 1990, Navy test pilot Rob Niewoehner and a fel- A through D) that first flew in 1978. low Naval aviator paused to practice one of the “From a lieutenant’s perspective,” Niewoehner privileges afforded members of the fighter pilot recalls, “we wanted to fly the shiny toy, as opposed community—complaining. “We were both junior to the commanders, captains, and admirals who officers at the time,” Niewoehner recalls, “and the had to pay the bills for that stuff. The conversa- Navy had just canceled the F-23 fighter program, tion on our bike ride that day was, ‘What’s our just weeks before I was scheduled to fly the pro- leadership thinking? What are these guys doing totype. I was not happy.” with our future?’ ” Northrop’s experimental YF-23 and the But that was then. McDonnell Douglas A-12 attack airplane project Now a U.S. Naval Academy professor groom- (canceled just weeks later) were advanced-tech- ing the next generations of ship-borne aviators at nology stealth programs, so-called fifth-generation Annapolis, Maryland, Niewoehner says: “At the jets. The two were among the leading candidates to time, I was feeling like we’d been sold out. Now I replace fourth-generation combat aircraft on the look back and think, ‘Wow! Those guys were so decks of Navy aircraft carriers. To Niewoehner, wise. They saved naval aviation!’ ” It’s a message he abandoning both programs meant the Navy was drives home to his students when teaching what pulling the plug on the newest technology. he considers one of the most significant eras in The Air Force would go on to get the latest and naval aviation history. greatest in the stealthy Lockheed Martin F-22. The Leveraging the benefit of hindsight, Niewoehner Navy would eventually be stuck with doing what explains: “Leadership decided to invest in small, it could to further modify and soup-up its Boeing steady, incremental improvements rather than F/A-18E (single-seat) and F/A-18F (two-seat) taking the giant leap into costly stealth technology After the retirement of the “legacy” Hornet (left), Super Hornets (right) are an aircraft carrier’s only fi ghters. That will change with the F-35’s fi rst cruise in 2021. US NAVY/PHOTOGRAPHER’S MATE JONATHAN CHANDLER JONATHAN MATE US NAVY/PHOTOGRAPHER’S 42 AIR & SPACE airspacemag.com F/A-18C Hornets, that so often comes in way late—and way over like these over the budget. The net result? A Super Hornet coming USS Ronald Reagan off the Boeing production line in St. Louis today is in 2007, were retired from Navy service not at all like the Super Hornet I last flew in 1998.” last year, but some The venerable F/A-18 is today transformed C models continue into a “Generation 4.5” combat airplane. Fourth- to fl y with the generation airframes designed for 1970s battles Marines and the were subsequently re-engined, reconfigured, Navy Reserve. and re-equipped to accommodate 21st century missions. They have significantly greater range, a larger weapons payload, and improved carri- er-deck performance. With its larger wing and greater power, the Super Hornet can slam onto the deck with close to a full load of undropped bombs (known as “bringback”), giving fleet commanders far greater flexibility in planning missions. And from the fiscal perspective, those decisions made three decades ago meant that the Navy would The Super Hornet’s Block III cockpit not only have highly capable multi-role fighters, replaces four it would have them in great numbers. The Navy screens with a would be buying the modernized Super Hornets for 10-by-19-inch less than $70 million each. As of April 2020, Boeing touchscreen display, here had delivered 608 to the Navy, cementing the Super showing three views Hornet’s role as the “backbone of the fleet.” TOP: US NAVY/LT CMDR TAM PHAM; BOTTOM: THE BOEING COMPANY PHAM; BOTTOM: CMDR TAM US NAVY/LT TOP: of data. Meanwhile, the F-35C carrier-capable variant December 2020/January 2021 AIR & SPACE 43 of Lockheed Martin’s Joint Strike Fighter initially crowds at airshows like the marquis fifth-generation In 2009, a “stack” carried a sticker price closer to $109 million, since F-22 Raptor and F-35 Lightning II, today’s Super of F/A-18Cs, reduced to $94.4 million according to the manu- Hornets are quietly, competently, and cost-effec- including an aggressor (top), facturer. While it has achieved initial operating tively serving as the Navy’s hardest worker. fl ew over southern capability, at press time, the Navy’s version had The Navy has been scaffolding improvements on Louisiana for a yet to qualify for combat. Boeing’s Super Hornet production line in St. Louis photo shoot. The But the difference in initial acquisition cost over the past three decades. The latest iteration Hornet is the between these two aircraft pales compared with of that stepping-stone strategy is the F/A-18E/F Navy’s do-it-all mainstay: fi ghter, the Super Hornet’s much lower marginal operating Super Hornet Block III. Despite intentions for a attacker, electronic costs. Fuel, maintenance, and other expenses cal- 273-strong fleet of the fifth-generation F-35C, warrior, refueler, culated on a per-flight-hour basis average around scheduled for its first operational cruise in 2021, and mock-MiG. $35,000 for the F-35C fleet. The Super Hornet the Navy also has 79 brand-new Super Hornets comes in at around $10,500. Over the course of on the order books. And Boeing forecasts more its 10,000-hour service life, that difference adds sales from abroad. up to a lot of fiscal responsibility. Now undergoing testing at Naval Air Station While they rarely capture the headlines or draw Patuxent River, Maryland, the Block III Super Hornet boasts some significant improvements over its immediate predecessors, and all Block II F/A-18s will be upgraded to a full or partial Block Off the California coast in 2003, a III configuration. F/A-18F from The Block III cockpit retains Raytheon’s APG-79 squadron VFA-122 radar, introduced on Block II aircraft, but adds a launches from the new computer processor and advanced data link. USS John C. Stennis. The Put together, these upgrades enable the new multi-role Super Super Hornet to transmit and receive enormous Hornet replaced the amounts of data, which means it will be able to heavier (but faster) receive targeting information on distant adver- F-14 Tomcat in saries and ground objectives without turning on 2006. its own radar—thus giving away its position—and will be able to share the data its radar picks up with stealthier platforms closer to the targets. The latest infrared search-and-track pod gives the Hornets a greater stand-off strike capability. They can detect their targets from far away via the heat those airplanes give off, again allowing Post-flight maintenance on an F/A-18E aboard the USS George Washington. With upgrades, the Super Hornets will stay on carrier decks through the 2030s. The Navy even has 79 more new-builds on order. TOP: US NAVY/PHOTOGRAPHER’S MATE JOSHUA WORD; BOTTOM: US NAVY/MASS COMMUNICATION SPECIALIST CHRIS CAVAGNARO COMMUNICATION US NAVY/MASS BOTTOM: WORD; JOSHUA MATE US NAVY/PHOTOGRAPHER’S TOP: 44 AIR & SPACE airspacemag.com US NAVY/MASS COMMUNICATION SPECIALIST JOHN P. CURTIS SPECIALIST JOHN P. COMMUNICATION US NAVY/MASS December 2020/January 2021 AIR & SPACE 45 Secretary of the Air the Hornet’s radar to stay off as it stalks its prey. though not on a Block III airframe. Force Barbara The new Super Hornets also include 10-by-19- R. Lee “Fanus” Watkins, one of the Block III Barrett (left) inch cockpit displays to make life easier for their test pilots at Patuxent River, reports his test-flight examines an F/A-18 model, used for pilots. Perhaps most importantly, a service life results with the conformal fuel tanks. “[Among] testing air-to- modernization extends airframe life to 10,000 the distinct advantages of the Super Hornet are its ground missile flight-hours from 6,000. carefree handling qualities in just about any con- separation, at the But the most visible change in the Block III is figuration,” he says, even when it is heavily loaded Arnold Air Force the addition of “conformal” fuel tanks. The tanks with bombs or missiles. The computer-managed Base wind tunnel. blend aerodynamically onto the “shoulders” of the flight control system allows pilots to maneuver “to existing fuselage, a design that minimizes drag so the very limits of the aircraft,” letting them con- that the extra 3,500 pounds of internal fuel can be centrate on targeting and firing weapons. Those used to extend the fighter’s range by 125 miles. excellent flying qualities also mean the F/A-18 It can strike from farther away or fight longer.
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