'Camp Harmony' Remembered Betty Hwang, 17, a Stu
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Japanese American Internment: a Tragedy of War Amber Martinez Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw State University DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects 4-21-2014 Japanese American Internment: A Tragedy of War Amber Martinez Kennesaw State University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Martinez, Amber, "Japanese American Internment: A Tragedy of War" (2014). Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects. Paper 604. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JAPANESE AMERICAN INTERNMENT: A TRAGEDY OF WAR A Reflexive Essay Presented To The Academic Faculty Amber Martinez In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in American Studies Kennesaw State University (May, 2014) 1 Japanese American internment in the United States during World War II affected thousands of lives for generations yet it remains hidden in historical memory. There have been surges of public interest since the release of the internees, such as during the Civil Rights movement and the campaign for redress, which led to renewed interest in scholarship investigating the internment. Once redress was achieved in 1988, public interest waned again as did published analysis of the internment. After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan began, American pride and displays of homeland loyalty created a unique event in American history. -
Teacher's Guide
TEACHER’S GUIDE Additional Resources MISSION US: “Prisoner in My Homeland” The creators of MISSION US have assembled the following list of websites, fiction, and non-fiction to enhance and extend teacher and student learning about the people, places, and historical events depicted in the game. WEBSITES Densho. http://densho.org/ This extensive collection includes online archival sources, oral history interviews, and encyclopedia articles that document the Japanese American WWII experience. Fred T. Korematsu Institute. http://www.korematsuinstitute.org/curriculum-kit-order-form/ This nonprofit organization educates to advance racial equity, social justice, and human rights for all by distributing copies of a free multimedia curriculum kit to K-12 educators on the WWII Japanese American incarceration and civil rights hero Fred Korematsu’s legacy. Curricular materials connect this history with current issues such as anti-Muslim bigotry and post-9/11 discrimination. The “Martial Law” clip from Resistance at Tule Lake is featured on the kit DVD. Japanese American Citizens League. https://jacl.org/education/resources/ As the oldest Asian American civil rights organization established in 1929, the JACL maintains the civil rights of Japanese Americans and others victimized by injustice and bigotry. Part of their mission is to promote awareness of this history through resources on Asian American history, the Japanese American WWII experience, and the Redress Movement, including the Power of Words Handbook. National Japanese American Historical Society. https://www.njahs.org/for-educators/ This nonprofit organization offers a variety of curricular resources that complement Resistance at Tule Lake, including Tule Lake Segregation Center lesson plans, an interactive Detention Camp kit with photos, an activity guide on Children of the Camps, and a teacher’s guide on the Bill of Rights and the Japanese American WWII experience. -
Remembering 'Camp Harmony'
THE NATIONAL NEWSPAPER OF THE JACL Oct. 6-19, 2017 Taiko drummers led the way to the George Tsutakawa sculpture “Harmony,” where a new sign was unveiled by Mayumi Tsutakawa. » PAGE 5 REMEMBERING » PAGE 4 California Governor ‘CAMP HARMONY’ Signs AB 491. Puyallup Valley JACL hosts the » PAGE 6 Spotlight: Race-Car 75th remembrance of the Driver Takuma Sato’s Puyallup Assembly Center. Need for Speed PHOTO: COURTESY OF PUYALLUP VALLEY JACL WWW.PACIFICCITIZEN.ORG #3308 / VOL. 165, No. 7 ISSN: 0030-8579 2 Oct. 6-19, 2017 NATIONAL HOW TO REACH US JACL Continues Opposition to Newly Issued Email: [email protected] Online: www.pacificcitizen.org Tel: (213) 620-1767 Mail: 123 Ellison S. Onizuka St., Immigration Ban Suite 313 Los Angeles, CA 90012 he JACL continues to brief to the Supreme Court (https:// STAFF oppose the Muslim country jacl.org/wordpress/wp-content/ Executive Editor travel ban. The addition of uploads/2017/09/JACL-Travel- Allison Haramoto Tthree more nations to the Muslim Ban-Amicus.pdf), the foundations Senior Editor country ban list does not alter the for this travel ban are weak at Digital & Social Media inherent flaws of the original order best, just like the case for mass in- George Johnston seeking to ban individuals based carceration of Japanese Americans ful treatment of a disfavored group. of any authority that can bring for- Business Manager Susan Yokoyama upon the majority religion of their during World War II. We call upon the courts to fulfill ward a plausible claim of an urgent their role in properly reviewing this need.” Korematsu, 323 U.S. -
Chapter 2 Background of the Monument
Chapter 2 Minidoka Internment National Monument is located in south central Idaho, approximately 15 miles northeast of Twin Falls. From 1942 to 1945, the site was a War Relocation Authority (WRA) facility, which Background of the incarcerated nearly 13,000 Nikkei (Japanese American citizens and legal resident aliens of Japanese Monument ancestry) from Washington, Oregon, California, and Alaska. Today, the 72.75-acre national monument is a small portion of the historic 33,000-acre center. The national monument site is within Idaho’s second legislative district in Jerome County and is within a sparsely populated agricultural community. The authorized boundary of the national monument is defined by the North Side Canal to the south and private property to the north and west. The Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) retains the visitor services area parcel in the center of the national monument and the east end site parcel to the east of the national monument. nized that their jobs in farming, fishing, and timber History of the Internment and offered more opportunities than in Japan. By the Incarceration of Nikkei at turn of the century there were 24,326 Issei in the U.S. with a male to female ratio of 33:1. Between Minidoka Relocation Center 1901 and 1908, 127,000 Japanese came to the U.S., including wives, picture brides, and children who eventually evened out the gender and age Pre-World War II gaps (Daniels 1962: 1, Appendix A). Nikkei com- The prelude to the incarceration began with munities developed rapidly, establishing churches, Japanese immigration and settlement of the West businesses, hotels, and schools in nihonmachi, or Coast between 1880 and 1924. -
AAPI National Historic Landmarks Theme Study Essay 10
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior A National Historic Landmarks Theme Study ASIAN AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER ISLANDER AMERICAN PACIFIC ASIAN Finding a Path Forward ASIAN AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS THEME STUDY LANDMARKS HISTORIC NATIONAL NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS THEME STUDY Edited by Franklin Odo Use of ISBN This is the official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its authenticity. Use of 978-0-692-92584-3 is for the U.S. Government Publishing Office editions only. The Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Government Publishing Office requests that any reprinted edition clearly be labeled a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Odo, Franklin, editor. | National Historic Landmarks Program (U.S.), issuing body. | United States. National Park Service. Title: Finding a Path Forward, Asian American and Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks theme study / edited by Franklin Odo. Other titles: Asian American and Pacific Islander National Historic Landmarks theme study | National historic landmark theme study. Description: Washington, D.C. : National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 2017. | Series: A National Historic Landmarks theme study | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017045212| ISBN 9780692925843 | ISBN 0692925848 Subjects: LCSH: National Historic Landmarks Program (U.S.) | Asian Americans--History. | Pacific Islander Americans--History. | United States--History. Classification: LCC E184.A75 F46 2017 | DDC 973/.0495--dc23 | SUDOC I 29.117:AS 4 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017045212 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. -
Event Program Final Web.Pdf
AFSC’s Mission The American Friends Service Committee is a and practice are not the exclusive possession of any practical expression of the faith of the Religious group. Thus, the AFSC draws into its work people of human beings. We nurture the faith that conflicts Society of Friends (Quakers). Committed to the many faiths and backgrounds who share the values can be resolved nonviolently, that enmity can be principles of nonviolence and justice, it seeks in its that animate its life and who bring to it a rich variety transformed into friendship, strife into cooperation, work and witness to draw on the transforming power of experiences and spiritual insights. poverty into well-being, and injustice into dignity and of love, human and divine. participation. We believe that ultimately goodness This AFSC community works to transform conditions can prevail over evil, and oppression in all its many We recognize that the leadings of the Spirit and the and relationships both in the world and in ourselves, forms can give way. principles of truth found through Friends’ experience which threaten to overwhelm what is precious in AFSC’s Values We cherish the belief that there is that of God in We regard no person as our enemy. While we often We seek and trust the power of the Spirit to guide each person, leading us to respect the worth and oppose specific actions and abuses of power, we the individual and collective search for truth and dignity of all. We are guided and empowered by seek to address the goodness and truth in each practical action. -
N Atio N a L Pa Rk S Erv Ice Interm Ou Nta in R Eg Io N 1 2795 W Est a La M
National Park Service FIRST CLASS MAIL Intermountain Region POSTAGE & FEES PAID 12795 West Alameda Parkway NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PO Box 25287 PERMIT NO. G-83 Denver, CO 80225 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300 INSIDE THIS ISSUE 2015: A YEAR IN REVIEW – PRESERVING AND INTERPRETING WORLD WAR II JAPANESE AMERICAN CONFINEMENT SITES • Introduction • Overview of the Fiscal Year 2015 Grant Program Process STATUS OF FUNDING FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 2015 JAPANESE AMERICAN CONFINEMENT SITES GRANT CYCLE FISCAL YEAR 2015 GRANT AWARDS FISCAL YEAR 2015 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS BY STATE • Arkansas • California • Colorado • District of Columbia • Hawai’i • New York • Texas • Washington • Wyoming MAP OF GRANT FUNDING BY STATE, 2009-2015 GRAPH OF GRANT FUNDING BY SITE, 2009-2015 PROJECTS COMPLETED DURING FISCAL YEAR 2015 • Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation Creates Website to Share Stories of Japanese American Detainees on Angel Island • East Bay Center for the Performing Arts Shares Hidden Legacy of Japanese Traditional Arts in New Documentary • Densho Expands Reach of Teacher Training and Enhances Online Collection with Three NPS Grants • Friends of the Texas Historical Commission, Inc., Uncovers Artifacts at Crystal City Family Internment Camp • Heart Mountain, Wyoming Foundation Extends Reach of Incarceration Story with New Website • Japanese American Citizens League’s Bridging Communities Program Expands to Chicago • Japanese Cultural Center of Hawai‘i Uses Two NPS Grants to Engage Public with New Curriculum and Virtual Tour that Explore -
Quaker Thought and Today
February 1999 Quaker Thought FRIENDS and Life OURNAL Today . An Among Friends Independent magazine serving the Religious New Beginnings Society of early 17Y2 years ago I left my position as editor and business manager here at Friends the journal in order to devote myself to the care of my daughter, whose birth was imminent. Susanna appeared-a ten-pound, one-ounce, energetic baby Editorial N Vinton Deming (Editor-Manager), Kenneth Sutton girl-and I was launched upon a new undertaking: providing love, care, and guidance (Senior Editor), Claudia Wair (Assistant Editor), for my offspring. It was a source ofdeep joy for me to be able to devote myself to this Judith Brown (Poetry Editor) until my husband, Adam, and I took up our responsibilities as codirectors of Powell Production Barbara Benton (Art Director), Alia Podolsky House, the retreat and conference center ofNew York Yearly Meeting. (Production Assistant), John D. Gummere Now, these many years later, quite a few new experiences are behind me, and my (Special Projects) daughter has grown into a five-foot, eleven-inch, energetic young woman, poised in Circulation and Advertising Nagendran Gulendran (Marketing and Advertising her senior year of high school to launch herself into her adult independent life. When Manager), Nicole Hackel (Circulation Assistant} I regard her, I often find myself astonished at what has transpired, in her and in me, Administration during this time. And I am deeply appreciative of what has remained constant. As Marianne De Lange (Office Manager), Rachel Messenger (Accountant}, Henry Freeman Susanna has been growing and thriving, evolving into an assertive and thoughtful (Devehpment Comultant), Pamela Nelson young adult, so too has the journal thrived and grown under the outstanding (Devehpment Assistant), Ruth Peterson, Roben Sunon (Volunteen) leadership of Olcutt Sanders and Vint Deming. -
Historic Resource Study: Minidoka Interment Internment National
Historic Resource Study Minidoka Internment National Monument _____________________________________________________ Prepared for the National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Seattle, Washington Minidoka Internment National Monument Historic Resource Study Amy Lowe Meger History Department Colorado State University National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Seattle, Washington 2005 Table of Contents Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………… i Note on Terminology………………………………………….…………………..…. ii List of Figures ………………………………………………………………………. iii Part One - Before World War II Chapter One - Introduction - Minidoka Internment National Monument …………... 1 Chapter Two - Life on the Margins - History of Early Idaho………………………… 5 Chapter Three - Gardening in a Desert - Settlement and Development……………… 21 Chapter Four - Legalized Discrimination - Nikkei Before World War II……………. 37 Part Two - World War II Chapter Five- Outcry for Relocation - World War II in America ………….…..…… 65 Chapter Six - A Dust Covered Pseudo City - Camp Construction……………………. 87 Chapter Seven - Camp Minidoka - Evacuation, Relocation, and Incarceration ………105 Part Three - After World War II Chapter Eight - Farm in a Day- Settlement and Development Resume……………… 153 Chapter Nine - Conclusion- Commemoration and Memory………………………….. 163 Appendixes ………………………………………………………………………… 173 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………. 181 Cover: Nikkei working on canal drop at Minidoka, date and photographer unknown, circa 1943. (Minidoka Manuscript Collection, Hagerman Fossil -
The World War II Incarceration of Japanese Americans
Newspapers In Education and Densho Present American Infamy #5 Courtesy of Roger Shimonura “What did I do to scare the government?”— asked ten-year-old Norman t was the spring of 1942 when young Norman, his parents, three sisters and older brother were forced from their homes in San Jose, California, and incarcerated in Wyoming. “Murderers, arsonists, even assassins and spies get trials. But not young boys This educational supplement I born and raised in San Jose who happen to have odd sounding last names. Is that what this country is about?” he wondered. The commemorates the 70th government even took away his baseball bat, fearing it could be used as a weapon. anniversary of Japanese Americans being removed What led up to this event was a surprise attack by Japan on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, which caused the from Seattle during World War United States to enter World War II. Norman’s parents had emigrated from Japan 40 years earlier. And although Norman was born in America, was a U.S. citizen, and knew no other country, he looked like the enemy. II. It is created in the spirit of promoting a strong and vibrant Many Americans believed people like Norman and his family were the enemy. Wartime hysteria had swept the country and within democracy, ongoing questioning a few months, 110,000 Japanese Americans living in Washington, Oregon, California and parts of Arizona — two-thirds who were and deliberation of issues from American citizens — were forcibly removed from their homes and businesses. Most were held in desolate, inland concentration camps for the duration of the war. -
Classroom Resources on World War Ii History and the Japanese American Experience
CLASSROOM RESOURCES ON WORLD WAR II HISTORY AND THE JAPANESE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE LIST OF RESOURCES DVDs 442: Live with Honor, Die with Dignity 97 min. 2010, UTB Pictures and Film Voice Production Documentary. Testimonies of former veterans tell the largely unknown story of unprecedented military bravery and valor of the men in the 100th Battalion/ 442nd Regimental Combat Team. They were the most decorated unit for its size and length of service in all of WWII. They were called “the Purple Heart Unit” and 21 of its members received the highest military award, the Congressional Medal of Honor. 9066 to 9/11 - 20 min 2004, Japanese American National Museum Documentary. Focuses on the World War II era treatment of Japanese Americans as seen through the contemporary lens of the post-9/11 world. This film compares the two experiences of Americans of Japanese descent during WWII and of Arab and Muslim immigrants in America today. 9066 to 9/11 (20 min) plus Something Strong Within (40 min) 2004, Japanese American National Museum This DVD combines the two documentaries on one disc. Something Strong Within - 40 min 1994, Japanese American National Museum, 369 East First Street, Los Angeles, CA Documentary. Compilation of previously unseen home movies taken by Japanese Americans in internment camps during WWII. After Silence: Civil Rights and the Japanese American Experience – 30 min. A Lois Shelton/Foxglove Films Production Bainbridge Island Historical Museum & the Washington Civil Liberties Public Education Program Suitable for Grades 7-12; College; Adult. Comes with Study Guide on inside cover. What does it mean to be an American in a time of uncertainty and fear? Based on the personal story of Dr. -
Thank You to All That Participated
EmptyThe Chair The Forced Removal & Resettlement of Juneau’s Japanese Community, 1941-1951 The forced removal of Japanese and Japanese-Americans from the West Coast during World War II is an often overlooked piece of American history. This relocation not only impacted the families removed but also the communities from which they were taken. The Juneau community stood in quiet defiance as their friends and neighbors were taken from their homes. They welcomed the Japanese-American families back into Juneau society after the war, a welcome that was not seen by all returning to their West Coast communities. In an attempt to rebuild, repair and move on, the forced removal was never discussed as a community. This exhibit tells the stories of eight Japanese-American families that were taken from their homes in 1942 and Thank you relocated to the Minidoka Internment toAlbert all Shaw thatJim Triplette participated Camp located in Idaho. All of the Alice (Tanaka) Hikido Margie Alstead Shackelford families lived in Juneau between 1941 and Andy Pekovich Marie Hanna Darlin 1951 either before and/or after the war. Betty Echigo Marriott Mark Kanazawa Brent Fischer, Director Marsha Erwin Bennett This exhibit, curated by Jodi DeBruyne, CBJ Parks & Recreation Mary (Tanaka) Abo is based on first-person narratives and Connie Lundy Nancy (Fukuyama) Albright would not have been possible without David Gray Randy Wanamaker the willingness of the Akagi, Fukuyama, Dixie Johnson Belcher Reiko Sumada Fumi Matsumoto Karleen Alstead Grummett Kanazawa, Kito, Komatsubara, Greg Chaney Roger Grummett Kumasaka, Taguchi, and Tanaka families Haruo “Ham” Kumasaka Ron Inouye to share their stories, photographs and Janet Borgen Pekovich Rose (Komatsubara) objects; nor would the exhibit have been Janie Hollenbach Homan Wayne possible without the partnership with the Jackie Honeywell Triplette Sam Kito, Jr.